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Mit dieser Hibiscusblüte wünsche ich all meinen flickr Freunden ein wunderschönes Wochenende!
With this hibiscus blossom, I wish all my flickr friends a wonderful weekend!
Hibiskus (Hibiscus), einige Arten werden auch Eibisch genannt, ist eine Gattung aus der Familie der Malvengewächse (Malvaceae) mit etwa 300 Arten, die hauptsächlich in den wärmeren Gebieten der Welt verbreitet ist.
Ein Extrakt aus Hibiskusblüten hat ähnliche gefäßschützende Eigenschaften wie Rotwein, Traubensaft oder Tee. Die im Hibiskus enthaltenen Antioxidantien haben einen positiven Einfluss auf die Cholesterinwerte und können damit Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen vorbeugen.
In Australien (und mittlerweile auch in Europa) werden in Zuckersirup eingelegte Hibiskusblüten (beispielsweise der Art Hibiscus sabdariffa) mit Sekt oder Champagner aufgegossen als Aperitif serviert.
Unter der Bezeichnung Karkadeh (كركا ده) ist Hibiskusblütentee in Ägypten und im Sudan ein beliebtes Getränk. Der tiefrote Tee wird heiß oder kalt getrunken und ist, gerade kalt, eine köstliche Erfrischung in der heißen Jahreszeit.
In China gilt der Hibiskus als Symbol für Ruhm, Reichtum und Pracht sowie für die sexuelle Anziehungskraft eines jungen Mädchens. Erwähnt sei die in vielen Varianten gebräuchliche Erzählung Der Hibiskusschirm.
Hibiscus, or rosemallow, is a large genus of about 200–220 species of flowering plants in the family Malvaceae, native to warm temperate, subtropical and tropical regions throughout the world. The genus includes both annual and perennial herbaceous plants, and woody shrubs and small trees.
Extracts of some hibiscus species are claimed to have health benefits, including prevention of constipation, bladder infections and nausea, and high blood pressure. The studies that yielded these results are debated. An unspecified hibiscus plant is used to make a herbal tea, typically blended with rosehip.
The bark of the hibiscus contains strong fibers. They can be obtained by letting the stripped bark sit in the sea for some time in order to let the organic material rot away. In Polynesia these fibers (fau, pūrau) are used for making grass skirts. They have also been known to be used to make wigs.
Hibiscus, espcially white hibiscus is considered to have medicinal properties in the Indian traditional system of medicine, Ayurveda. Roots are used to make various decoctions believed to cure various ailments.
Secretos de Radiación. Es el proyecto con el que pretendo reflejar el deterioro físico y mental que sufren las mujeres que han recibido radiación por cáncer de cérvix y el deterior por efectos secundarios al tratamiento, el cual les salva la vida pero deja una gran huella en su cuerpo y mente. Esta marchitación interna les ocasiona una gran variedad de problemas como: resequedad, piel sensible, estreñimiento, sangrados, falta de lubricación y más. Ellas pierden su sexualidad al no poder intimar con su pareja, lo cual les lleva a cuestionar su cuerpo y persona lo que se convierte en un problema mental. Las mujeres que han pasado por esto por lo general cargan el problema en silencio y sin ayuda. Hay que poner la luz en esta situación y ver la forma de brindarles la información y ayuda adecuada.
Secrets of Radiation. It is the project that I intend to reflect the physical and mental deterioration suffered by women who have received radiation from cervical cancer and the deterioration due to side effects to the treatment, which saves their lives but leaves a great imprint on their body and mind . This internal wilting causes a great variety of problems such as: dryness, sensitive skin, constipation, bleeding, lack of lubrication and more. They lose their sexuality by not being able to intimate with their partner, which leads them to question their body and person which becomes a mental problem. Women who have gone through this usually carry the problem silently and unaided. We must put the light on this situation and see how we can provide them with the right information and help.
Secretos de Radiación. Es el proyecto con el que pretendo reflejar el deterioro físico y mental que sufren las mujeres que han recibido radiación por cáncer de cérvix y el deterior por efectos secundarios al tratamiento, el cual les salva la vida pero deja una gran huella en su cuerpo y mente. Esta marchitación interna les ocasiona una gran variedad de problemas como: resequedad, piel sensible, estreñimiento, sangrados, falta de lubricación y más. Ellas pierden su sexualidad al no poder intimar con su pareja, lo cual les lleva a cuestionar su cuerpo y persona lo que se convierte en un problema mental. Las mujeres que han pasado por esto por lo general cargan el problema en silencio y sin ayuda. Hay que poner la luz en esta situación y ver la forma de brindarles la información y ayuda adecuada.
Secrets of Radiation. It is the project that I intend to reflect the physical and mental deterioration suffered by women who have received radiation from cervical cancer and the deterioration due to side effects to the treatment, which saves their lives but leaves a great imprint on their body and mind . This internal wilting causes a great variety of problems such as: dryness, sensitive skin, constipation, bleeding, lack of lubrication and more. They lose their sexuality by not being able to intimate with their partner, which leads them to question their body and person which becomes a mental problem. Women who have gone through this usually carry the problem silently and unaided. We must put the light on this situation and see how we can provide them with the right information and help.
Secretos de Radiación. Es el proyecto con el que pretendo reflejar el deterioro físico y mental que sufren las mujeres que han recibido radiación por cáncer de cérvix y el deterior por efectos secundarios al tratamiento, el cual les salva la vida pero deja una gran huella en su cuerpo y mente. Esta marchitación interna les ocasiona una gran variedad de problemas como: resequedad, piel sensible, estreñimiento, sangrados, falta de lubricación y más. Ellas pierden su sexualidad al no poder intimar con su pareja, lo cual les lleva a cuestionar su cuerpo y persona lo que se convierte en un problema mental. Las mujeres que han pasado por esto por lo general cargan el problema en silencio y sin ayuda. Hay que poner la luz en esta situación y ver la forma de brindarles la información y ayuda adecuada.
Secrets of Radiation. It is the project that I intend to reflect the physical and mental deterioration suffered by women who have received radiation from cervical cancer and the deterioration due to side effects to the treatment, which saves their lives but leaves a great imprint on their body and mind . This internal wilting causes a great variety of problems such as: dryness, sensitive skin, constipation, bleeding, lack of lubrication and more. They lose their sexuality by not being able to intimate with their partner, which leads them to question their body and person which becomes a mental problem. Women who have gone through this usually carry the problem silently and unaided. We must put the light on this situation and see how we can provide them with the right information and help.
Secretos de Radiación. Es el proyecto con el que pretendo reflejar el deterioro físico y mental que sufren las mujeres que han recibido radiación por cáncer de cérvix y el deterior por efectos secundarios al tratamiento, el cual les salva la vida pero deja una gran huella en su cuerpo y mente. Esta marchitación interna les ocasiona una gran variedad de problemas como: resequedad, piel sensible, estreñimiento, sangrados, falta de lubricación y más. Ellas pierden su sexualidad al no poder intimar con su pareja, lo cual les lleva a cuestionar su cuerpo y persona lo que se convierte en un problema mental. Las mujeres que han pasado por esto por lo general cargan el problema en silencio y sin ayuda. Hay que poner la luz en esta situación y ver la forma de brindarles la información y ayuda adecuada.
Secrets of Radiation. It is the project that I intend to reflect the physical and mental deterioration suffered by women who have received radiation from cervical cancer and the deterioration due to side effects to the treatment, which saves their lives but leaves a great imprint on their body and mind . This internal wilting causes a great variety of problems such as: dryness, sensitive skin, constipation, bleeding, lack of lubrication and more. They lose their sexuality by not being able to intimate with their partner, which leads them to question their body and person which becomes a mental problem. Women who have gone through this usually carry the problem silently and unaided. We must put the light on this situation and see how we can provide them with the right information and help.
Photos child bean bag 2014 | child computer desk 2014
Best website baby & children Care 2014 children Cute Baby Pictures Funny Net
Normal - 1-2 times/day or 1-2 days/time
Diarrhea - 3 times++ / day
Constipation - 3 days++ / time
คนปกติ ถ่ายวันละ 1-2 ครั้ง หรือ 2 วันถ่ายครั้ง
1 วันแล้วยังไม่ถ่ายไม่ใช่ท้องผูกน่ะ ต้อง 3 วัน ขึ้นไป
ส่วนท้องเสียก็คือถ่ายมากกว่า 3 ครั้งต่อวัน
ดูแลสุขภาพกันด้วยน่ะครับ
I just can't pass one!
Back in my room. Red wine consumed. Started pulling silly poses in to the mirror. Not great photos but some funny expressions!
Folkloric
- Bark is reported to be vomitive and aphrodisiac.
- Decoction of bark used for catarrh.
- Tender fruit used as emollient.
- Decoction of bark regarded as a specific in febrile catarrh.
- Gum is astringent; used for bowel complaints. In children, gum with milk, given as cooling laxative. Also used for urine incontinence in children.
- Gum used as styptic, given in diarrhea, dysentery, and menorrhagia.
- In Liberia, Infusion of bark used as mouthwash.
- Infusion of leaves, onions, and a little tumeric, used for coughs.
- Young roots, shade-dried and powdered, is a chief ingredient in aphrodisiac medicines.
- Tap-root of young plant used for gonorrhea and dysentery.
- Bark in diuretic; in sufficient quantities, produces vomiting.
- In Cambodia, bark used for fevers and diarrhea. Also, as a cure for inebriation, used to bring about perspiration and vomiting.
- Malays used the bark for asthma and colds in children.
- In India, roots used for gonorrhea, dysuria, fevers. Decoction of bark used for chronic dysentery, diarrhea, ascites, and anasarca. Tender leaves also used for gonorrhea.
- In Java, bark mixed with areca nuts, nutmegs, and sugar candy, used as diuretic and for treatment of bladder stones. Infusion of leaves used for cough, hoarseness, intestinal catarrh, and urethritis. Leaves also used for cleaning hair.
- In the Cameroons, bark, which has tannin, is pounded and macerated in cold water and applied to swollen fingers.
- In French Guiana, decoction of flowers used for constipation.
- In Mexico, used for boils, insect bites, mange; used as anti-inflammatory; bark and leaf decoctions used as poultices. Bark decoction taken internally as emetic, diuretic and antispasmodic.
- Bark used for liver and spleen conditions, abdominal complaints, flatulence, constipation.
- Leaves used as emollient. Decoction of flowers is laxative.
- In Nigerian folk medicine, used for treatment of diabetes and infections. Leaves used as alterative and laxative, and as infusion for colic in man and in livestock. Seed oil used in rheumatism. Also, leaves used as curative dressings on sores and to maturate tumors.
- Compressed fresh leaves used for dizziness; decoction of boiled roots used to treat edema; gum eaten to relieve stomach upset; tender shoot decoction used as contraceptive; leaf infusion taken orally for cough and sore throat. (34)
- In India and Malaya, used for bowel complaints.
- In the Ivory Coast, mucilage obtained by boiling used to remove foreign bodies from the eye. Also, bark sap given to sterile women to promote conception.
- In West Africa, used for diarrhea and gonorrhea.
Others
- Fibers: Pod fibers are used in the stuffing of pillows, cushions, mattresses and the manufacture and life-preservers.
- Oil: Kapok oil, extracted from the seeds, used in the manufacture of soap; also, a substitute for cotton-seed oil. Also used for cooking and as lubricant.
- Wood: Tree is used for fencing and telephone poles.
- Fresh cake valuable as stock feed.
- Ashes of the fruit used by dyers in Malaysia.
- Study showed the C. pentandra fiber may be useful in recovering oil spilled in seawater.
- Fodder: Sheep, goats, cattle relish the foliage. Pressed cake as cattle feed yields about 26% protein.
source: stuart xchange
I just can't pass one!
Back in my room. Red wine consumed. Started pulling silly poses in to the mirror. Not great photos but some funny expressions!
The morning sun illuminates a sign on the side of a building ib downtown Brattlesburg, Vermont. Carter's Little Liver Pills, were developed in the 1870's by Dr. Samuel J. Carter, a druggist in Erie, Pa. The pills were touted to cure, headache, constipation, dyspepsia and biliousness. Carter's Little Liver Pills predated the other available forms of bisacodyl and was a very popular and heavily advertised patent medicine up until the 1960s. This popularity spawned a common saying (with variants) in the first half of the 20th Century: "He/She has more _________ than Carter has Little Liver Pills". The Carter-Wallace Company changed the name to Carter's Little Pills in 1959 after the Federal Trade Commission objected to advertising claims that the pills increase the flow of bile from the liver, and the United States Supreme Court refused to intervene.
Senator Robert Byrd, after winning re-election in 2000, is quoted as saying, "West Virginia has always had four friends, God Almighty, Sears Roebuck, Carter's Liver Pills and Robert C. Byrd."
References:
"http://www.nytimes.com/1990/11/07/obituaries/henry-hoyt-96-dies-headed-drug-company.html". New York Times. November 7, 1990.
"Carter's Little Liver Pills". Lowcountry Digital Library.
"Robert Byrd, Longest-Serving U.S. Senator, Dies At 92". National Public Radio.
I just can't pass one!
Back in my room. Red wine consumed. Started pulling silly poses in to the mirror. Not great photos but some funny expressions!
I just can't pass one!
Back in my room. Red wine consumed. Started pulling silly poses in to the mirror. Not great photos but some funny expressions!
A wild riot of colour as thousands celebrate London's Gay Pride Parade 2011. London 02.07.2011
This Saturday July 2nd 2011 saw the explosion of colour and fabulous carnival/cabaret fancy-dress which is the annual Gay Pride parade passing through the packed London streets as many Lesbian, Gay, Bi-sexual and Transgender groups representing special interest campaigning groups, trade unions, the armed forces, police service, christian groups and several of London's gay bars and clubs celebrated their sexuality and diversity, watched and cheered on by tens of thousands of enthusiastic members of the public.
The days celebrations were purposefully snubbed by London mayor Boris Johnson much to the anger and irritation of many, since Mr. Johnson is expected to show support for all Londoners. However, his greatest opponent in the upcoming mayoral elections, former London Mayor Ken Livingstone was to be seen - as always - at the head of the parade, accompanied by human and gay rights activist Peter Tatchell.
Gone was the nervous tension of the original trail-blazing Gay Pride marches of the late 1970's and early 80's, as a new generation of gay people enjoy far greater public acceptance of their lifestyle in what feel like more enlightened times. What is taken for granted now was fought for in the past by courageous activists and their political supporters who wanted to see an end to the homophobic bigotry and institutionalised discrimination which used to be the universal public position towards them.
Having said that, there was a demonstration set up at the bottom of Waterloo Place by a group of so-called Christians from the Baptist Church - some of whom looked like they had been time-warped directly from the 1950's, complete with emotional constipation - who spent the entire afternoon insulting and demeaning all gay people and anyone who accepts homosexuality as a part of the enormously wide spectrum of human sexuality by cherry-picking snippets from the Bible completely without proper context, and generally showing themselves up to be nothing more than a bunch of hate-filled bigots who hilariously claim to love the people they were standing there belittling.
My photos of the Baptists and the crowd's reactions to being assaulted by the pious abuse are already uploaded in my set "Baptists preach intolerance at Gay Pride Parade".
After the parade made its way from Portland Place to Trafalgar Square, the marchers and bystanders alike dispersed into Soho for some serious street partying which lasted late into the night. There was a main stage in Trafalgar Square which hosted a long rosta of minor-league pop and dance acts during the afternoon, though oddly this year there were no big-name headliners, and another Dance Stage in Soho Square which featured a great line-up of club DJs.
All photos © 2011 Pete Riches
Do not reproduce, alter or reblog my images without my permission.
Hi-Res versions of these files are available on application
The gut-brain connection is no joke; it can link anxiety to stomach problems and vice versa. Have you ever had a "gut-wrenching" experience? Do certain situations make you "feel nauseous"? Have you ever felt "butterflies" in your stomach? We use these expressions for a reason. The gastrointestinal tract is sensitive to emotion. Anger, anxiety, sadness, elation — all of these feelings (and others) can trigger symptoms in the gut.
The brain has a direct effect on the stomach and intestines. For example, the very thought of eating can release the stomach's juices before food gets there. This connection goes both ways. A troubled intestine can send signals to the brain, just as a troubled brain can send signals to the gut. Therefore, a person's stomach or intestinal distress can be the cause or the product of anxiety, stress, or depression. That's because the brain and the gastrointestinal (GI) system are intimately connected.
This is especially true in cases where a person experiences gastrointestinal upset with no obvious physical cause. For such functional GI disorders, it is difficult to try to heal a distressed gut without considering the role of stress and emotion.
Gut health and anxiety
Given how closely the gut and brain interact, it becomes easier to understand why you might feel nauseated before giving a presentation, or feel intestinal pain during times of stress. That doesn't mean, however, that functional gastrointestinal conditions are imagined or "all in your head." Psychology combines with physical factors to cause pain and other bowel symptoms. Psychosocial factors influence the actual physiology of the gut, as well as symptoms. In other words, stress (or depression or other psychological factors) can affect movement and contractions of the GI tract, make inflammation worse, or perhaps make you more susceptible to infection.
In addition, research suggests that some people with functional GI disorders perceive pain more acutely than other people do because their brains are more responsive to pain signals from the GI tract. Stress can make the existing pain seem even worse.
Based on these observations, you might expect that at least some patients with functional GI conditions might improve with therapy to reduce stress or treat anxiety or depression. And sure enough, a review of 13 studies showed that patients who tried psychologically based approaches had greater improvement in their digestive symptoms compared with patients who received only conventional medical treatment.
Gut-brain connection, anxiety and digestion
Are your stomach or intestinal problems — such as heartburn, abdominal cramps, or loose stools — related to stress? Watch for these other common symptoms of stress and discuss them with your doctor. Together you can come up with strategies to help you deal with the stressors in your life, and also ease your digestive discomforts.
www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/the-gut-br...
Have you ever had a gut feeling or butterflies in your stomach?
These sensations emanating from your belly suggest that your brain and gut are connected.
What’s more, recent studies show that your brain affects your gut health and your gut may even affect your brain health.
The communication system between your gut and brain is called the gut-brain axis.
This article explores the gut-brain axis and foods that are beneficial to its health.
How Are the Gut and Brain Connected?
The gut-brain axis is a term for the communication network that connects your gut and brain (1Trusted Source, 2Trusted Source, 3Trusted Source).
These two organs are connected both physically and biochemically in a number of different ways.
The Vagus Nerve and the Nervous System
Neurons are cells found in your brain and central nervous system that tell your body how to behave. There are approximately 100 billion neurons in the human brain (4Trusted Source).
Interestingly, your gut contains 500 million neurons, which are connected to your brain through nerves in your nervous system (5Trusted Source).
The vagus nerve is one of the biggest nerves connecting your gut and brain. It sends signals in both directions (6Trusted Source, 7Trusted Source).
For example, in animal studies, stress inhibits the signals sent through the vagus nerve and also causes gastrointestinal problems (8Trusted Source).
Similarly, one study in humans found that people with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or Crohn’s disease had reduced vagal tone, indicating a reduced function of the vagus nerve (9Trusted Source).
An interesting study in mice found that feeding them a probiotic reduced the amount of stress hormone in their blood. However, when their vagus nerve was cut, the probiotic had no effect (10Trusted Source).
This suggests that the vagus nerve is important in the gut-brain axis and its role in stress.
Neurotransmitters
Your gut and brain are also connected through chemicals called neurotransmitters.
Neurotransmitters produced in the brain control feelings and emotions.
For example, the neurotransmitter serotonin contributes to feelings of happiness and also helps control your body clock (11Trusted Source).
Interestingly, many of these neurotransmitters are also produced by your gut cells and the trillions of microbes living there. A large proportion of serotonin is produced in the gut (12Trusted Source).
Your gut microbes also produce a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which helps control feelings of fear and anxiety (13Trusted Source).
Studies in laboratory mice have shown that certain probiotics can increase the production of GABA and reduce anxiety and depression-like behavior (14Trusted Source).
Gut Microbes Make Other Chemicals That Affect the Brain
The trillions of microbes that live in your gut also make other chemicals that affect how your brain works (15Trusted Source).
Your gut microbes produce lots of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) such as butyrate, propionate and acetate (16Trusted Source).
They make SCFA by digesting fiber. SCFA affect brain function in a number of ways, such as reducing appetite.
One study found that consuming propionate can reduce food intake and reduce the activity in the brain related to reward from high-energy food (17Trusted Source).
Another SCFA, butyrate, and the microbes that produce it are also important for forming the barrier between the brain and the blood, which is called the blood-brain barrier (18Trusted Source).
Gut microbes also metabolize bile acids and amino acids to produce other chemicals that affect the brain (15Trusted Source).
Bile acids are chemicals made by the liver that are normally involved in absorbing dietary fats. However, they may also affect the brain.
Two studies in mice found that stress and social disorders reduce the production of bile acids by gut bacteria and alter the genes involved in their production (19Trusted Source, 20Trusted Source).
Gut Microbes Affect Inflammation
Your gut-brain axis is also connected through the immune system.
Gut and gut microbes play an important role in your immune system and inflammation by controlling what is passed into the body and what is excreted (21Trusted Source).
If your immune system is switched on for too long, it can lead to inflammation, which is associated with a number of brain disorders like depression and Alzheimer’s disease (22Trusted Source).
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an inflammatory toxin made by certain bacteria. It can cause inflammation if too much of it passes from the gut into the blood.
This can happen when the gut barrier becomes leaky, which allows bacteria and LPS to cross over into the blood.
Inflammation and high LPS in the blood have been associated with a number of brain disorders including severe depression, dementia and schizophrenia (23Trusted Source)
SUMMARY
Your gut and brain are connected physically through millions of nerves, most importantly the vagus nerve. The gut and its microbes also control inflammation and make many different compounds that can affect brain health.
www.healthline.com/nutrition/gut-brain-connection#section1
If you’ve ever “gone with your gut” to make a decision or felt “butterflies in your stomach” when nervous, you’re likely getting signals from an unexpected source: your second brain. Hidden in the walls of the digestive system, this “brain in your gut” is revolutionizing medicine’s understanding of the links between digestion, mood, health and even the way you think.
woman with a glass of orange juice
Scientists call this little brain the enteric nervous system (ENS). And it’s not so little. The ENS is two thin layers of more than 100 million nerve cells lining your gastrointestinal tract from esophagus to rectum.
What Does Your Gut’s Brain Control?
Unlike the big brain in your skull, the ENS can’t balance your checkbook or compose a love note. “Its main role is controlling digestion, from swallowing to the release of enzymes that break down food to the control of blood flow that helps with nutrient absorption to elimination,” explains Jay Pasricha, M.D., director of the Johns Hopkins Center for Neurogastroenterology, whose research on the enteric nervous system has garnered international attention. “The enteric nervous system doesn’t seem capable of thought as we know it, but it communicates back and forth with our big brain—with profound results.”
The ENS may trigger big emotional shifts experienced by people coping with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional bowel problems such as constipation, diarrhea, bloating, pain and stomach upset. “For decades, researchers and doctors thought that anxiety and depression contributed to these problems. But our studies and others show that it may also be the other way around,” Pasricha says. Researchers are finding evidence that irritation in the gastrointestinal system may send signals to the central nervous system (CNS) that trigger mood changes.
“These new findings may explain why a higher-than-normal percentage of people with IBS and functional bowel problems develop depression and anxiety,” Pasricha says. “That’s important, because up to 30 to 40 percent of the population has functional bowel problems at some point.”
New Gut Understanding Equals New Treatment Opportunities
This new understanding of the ENS-CNS connection helps explain the effectiveness of IBS and bowel-disorder treatments such as antidepressants and mind-body therapies like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and medical hypnotherapy. “Our two brains ‘talk’ to each other, so therapies that help one may help the other,” Pasricha says. “In a way, gastroenterologists (doctors who specialize in digestive conditions) are like counselors looking for ways to soothe the second brain.”
Gastroenterologists may prescribe certain antidepressants for IBS, for example—not because they think the problem is all in a patient’s head, but because these medications calm symptoms in some cases by acting on nerve cells in the gut, Pasricha explains. “Psychological interventions like CBT may also help to “improve communications” between the big brain and the brain in our gut,” he says.
www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/th...
I just can't pass one!
Back in my room. Red wine consumed. Started pulling silly poses in to the mirror. Not great photos but some funny expressions!
Fruit
The bael fruit has a smooth, woody shell with a green, gray, or yellow peel. It takes about 11 months to ripen on the tree and can reach the size of a large grapefruit or pomelo, and some are even larger. The shell is so hard it must be cracked with a hammer or machete. The fibrous yellow pulp is very aromatic. It has been described as tasting of marmalade and smelling of roses. Numerous hairy seeds are encapsulated in a slimy mucilage.
Uses
The fruit is eaten fresh or dried. If fresh, the juice is strained and sweetened to make a drink similar to lemonade. It can be made into sharbat (Hindi) or Bela pana (Oriya: ବେଲ ପଣା) or bel pana (Bengali: বেল পানা), a refreshing drink made of the pulp with water, sugar, and lime juice, mixed, left to stand a few hours, strained, and put on ice. One large bael fruit may yield five or six liters of sharbat.
Bili Tree
If the fruit is to be dried, it is usually sliced and sun-dried. The hard leathery slices are then simmered in water.
The leaves and small shoots are eaten as salad greens.
The Tamil Siddhars call the plant koovilam (கூவிளம்) and use the fragrant leaves for medicinal purposes, including dyspepsia and sinusitis. A confection called ilakam (இளகம்) is made of the fruit and used to treat tuberculosis and loss of appetite.[2] It is used in Ayurveda for many purposes, especially chronic constipation.
Happy Days from 2004. We lost Harvey to cancer in the spring of 2006, and I am very sad to report that I had to make the hard decision to have Lucy put to sleep two days ago. To explain, here is a post I made shortly after taking that heart-breaking action:
I have sad news: I had Lucy put to sleep this morning. It was a hard decision to make, and I hope you all don't hate me for it. I have struggled with her inappropriate peeing problem for so long, including vet visits, special food, all sorts of accommodations to try to help her, but nothing worked. I had high hopes for the new floor but caught her squatting over the computer cables yesterday afternoon, hauled her out of there, and she leaked on the floor. I think her prolonged hiding this weekend as a result of the floor installation gave her constipation. She had had kidney stones, repeated UTIs, was obese. And Jagger had started jumping her for sport...
Can't type much because of the wrist injury I got this weekend getting ready for the floor installation. As I looked into the future, all I saw was things getting worse, along with lots of vet bills... She didn't even come out of hiding once this morning. Not much quality of life there. I hadn't made up my mind when I got up this morning, but just couldn't take it any more. I really hated to do it. I did love her. Now the house feels terribly empty and I am very, very sad.
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This is one the most widely used plant in the Indian Ayurvedic system of medicine. Various parts of the plant especially the roots had been extensively used for thousands of years in the Indian traditional medicine formulations such as Dashamoola, Chyanprasha, Haritakia, Ayushyavardhaak Taila and Narayana Taila.
Among the various medicinal uses reported for the roots are for treating diabetes, chyluria,
gonorrhoea, inflammation, swelling, bronchitis, dyspepsia, headache, liver disorder, piles, constipation and fever. Some pharmacological studies have revealed that the plant also possesess anti-coagulant, anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties. Recent laboratory research has been undertaken into the possible cardiac stimulant activity of its bark and wood extracts.
Carl Linnaeus named this plant in 1771 based on a specimen whose leaves were somewhat serrated, and that explains his choice of the specific epithet ‘serratifolia’ for a species that generally has smooth-edged leaves.
This particular species is also encountered in the literature as Premna integrifolia and Premna corymbosa (Bangladesh).
This is a small tree or shrub that grows along the coasts and islands of tropical and subtropical Asia, Africa, Australia and the Pacific.
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Bengali = Ganiari / Bhutbirabi / Gambari / Gunal
Sanskrit = Agnimantha
Tagalog (The Philippines) = Alagaw / Tanglé
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An healthy bush with leaves, flower buds and fruits
Premna serratifolia
Family Lamiaceae
Jim Fletcher Grove, Merritt Island, Florida, USA.
(SYNONYM: Premna odorata, Family Verbenaceae)
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Rhubarb (Rheum rhabarbarum) is a species of plant in the family Polygonaceae. They are herbaceous perennials growing from short, thick rhizomes. They have large leaves that are somewhat triangular, with long fleshy petioles. They have small flowers grouped in large compound leafy greenish-white to rose-red inflorescences.
In culinary use, fresh raw petioles (leaf stalks) are crisp (similar to celery) with a strong, tart taste. Most commonly, the plant's leaf stalks are cooked with sugar and used in pies and other desserts. A number of varieties have been domesticated for human consumption, most of which are recognised as Rheum x hybridum by the Royal Horticultural Society.
Rhubarb is usually considered a vegetable. In the United States, however, a New York court decided in 1947 that since it was used in the United States as a fruit, it counted as a fruit for the purposes of regulations and duties. A side effect was a reduction on imported rhubarb tariffs, as tariffs were higher for vegetables than fruits.
Rhubarb contains anthraquinones including rhein, and emodin and their glycosides (e.g. glucorhein), which impart cathartic and laxative properties. It is hence useful as a cathartic in case of constipation.
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La rhubarbe (genre Rheum) est le nom commun d'une trentaine d'espèces de plantes herbacées vivaces de la famille des Polygonacées.
C'est une plante vigoureuse des régions tempérées, aux rosettes de grandes feuilles pétiolées (seuls ses pétioles d'environ 50 cm de long sont comestibles), gaufrées, grossièrement triangulaires.
Les feuilles naissent de courts rhizomes (tiges souterraines) et sont toxiques, contrairement au pétiole qui est la partie de la plante consommée.
Celui-ci, de couleur vert rougeâtre, arrondi et canaliculaire, mesure jusqu'à 50 cm de longueur pour 3 à 7 cm de largeur et d'épaisseur.
Les parties aériennes de la plante disparaissent totalement pendant l'hiver.
from wikipedia
Ginger or ginger root is the rhizome of the plant Zingiber officinale, consumed as a delicacy, medicine, or spice. It lends its name to its genus and family (Zingiberaceae). Other notable members of this plant family are turmeric, cardamom, and galangal.
Ginger cultivation began in South Asia and has since spread to East Africa and the Caribbean.[2]
The English name ginger comes from French: gingembre, Old English: gingifere, Medieval Latin: ginginer, Greek: zingíberis (ζιγγίβερις). Ultimately the origin is from Tamil:'inji ver'. The botanical term for root in Tamil is ver (வேர்), hence inji root or inji ver.[3]
Ginger produces clusters of white and pink flower buds that bloom into yellow flowers. Because of its aesthetic appeal and the adaptation of the plant to warm climates, ginger is often used as landscaping around subtropical homes. It is a perennial reed-like plant with annual leafy stems, about a meter (3 to 4 feet) tall.
Ginger Plant with Flower - South India
Traditionally, the rhizome is gathered when the stalk withers; it is immediately scalded, or washed and scraped, to kill it and prevent sprouting. The fragrant perisperm of Zingiberaceae is used as sweetmeats by Bantu, also as a condiment and sialogogue. [4]
[edit]Uses
Gari (ginger)
Ginger produces a hot, fragrant kitchen spice.[5] Young ginger rhizomes are juicy and fleshy with a very mild taste. They are often pickled in vinegar or sherry as a snack or just cooked as an ingredient in many dishes. They can also be steeped in boiling water to make ginger tea, to which honey is often added; sliced orange or lemon fruit may also be added. Ginger can also be made into candy.
Mature ginger rhizomes are fibrous and nearly dry. The juice from old ginger roots is extremely potent[6] and is often used as a spice in Indian recipes, and is a quintessential ingredient of Chinese, Korean, Japanese and many South Asian cuisines for flavoring dishes such as seafood or goat meat and vegetarian cuisine.
Ginger acts as a useful food preservative.[7][8]
Fresh ginger can be substituted for ground ginger at a ratio of 6 to 1, although the flavors of fresh and dried ginger are somewhat different. Powdered dry ginger root is typically used as a flavoring for recipes such as gingerbread, cookies, crackers and cakes, ginger ale, and ginger beer.
Candied ginger is the root cooked in sugar until soft, and is a type of confectionery.
Fresh ginger may be peeled before eating. For longer-term storage, the ginger can be placed in a plastic bag and refrigerated or frozen.
[edit]Regional use
In Western cuisine, ginger is traditionally used mainly in sweet foods such as ginger ale, gingerbread, ginger snaps, parkin, ginger biscuits and speculaas. A ginger-flavored liqueur called Canton is produced in Jarnac, France. Green ginger wine is a ginger-flavored wine produced in the United Kingdom, traditionally sold in a green glass bottle. Ginger is also used as a spice added to hot coffee and tea.
In India and Pakistan, ginger is called adrak in Hindi, Punjabi and Urdu, aad in Maithili, aadi in Bhojpuri, aada in Bengali, Adu in Gujarati, hashi shunti (ಹಸಿ ಶುಂಟಿ) in the Kannada, allam (అల్లం) in Telugu, inji (இஞ்சி) in Tamil and Malayalam, inguru (ඉඟුරු) in Sinhalese, alay in Marathi, and aduwa(अदुवा ) in Nepali. Fresh ginger is one of the main spices used for making pulse and lentil curries and other vegetable preparations. Fresh, as well as dried, ginger is used to spice tea and coffee, especially in winter. Ginger powder is also used in certain food preparations, particularly for pregnant or nursing women, the most popular one being katlu which is a mixture of gum resin, ghee, nuts, and sugar. Ginger is also consumed in candied and pickled form. In Bangladesh, ginger is finely chopped or ground into a paste to use as a base for chicken and meat dishes alongside shallot and garlic.
In Burma, ginger is called gyin. It is widely used in cooking and as a main ingredient in traditional medicines. It is also consumed as a salad dish called gyin-thot, which consists of shredded ginger preserved in oil, and a variety of nuts and seeds. In Indonesia, a beverage called wedang jahe is made from ginger and palm sugar. Indonesians also use ground ginger root, called jahe, as a common ingredient in local recipes. In Malaysia, ginger is called halia and used in many kinds of dishes, especially a soup. In the Philippines it is brewed into a tea called salabat. In Vietnam, the fresh leaves, finely chopped, can also be added to shrimp-and-yam soup (canh khoai mỡ) as a top garnish and spice to add a much subtler flavor of ginger than the chopped root.
In China, sliced or whole ginger root is often paired with savory dishes such as fish, and chopped ginger root is commonly paired with meat, when it is cooked. However, candied ginger is sometimes a component of Chinese candy boxes, and a herbal tea can also be prepared from ginger.
In Japan, ginger is pickled to make beni shoga and gari or grated and used raw on tofu or noodles. It is also made into a candy called shoga no sato zuke. In the traditional Korean kimchi, ginger is finely minced and added to the ingredients of the spicy paste just before the fermenting process.
In the Caribbean, ginger is a popular spice for cooking, and making drinks such as sorrel, a seasonal drink made during the Christmas season. Jamaicans make ginger beer both as a carbonated beverage and also fresh in their homes. Ginger tea is often made from fresh ginger, as well as the famous regional specialty Jamaican ginger cake.
Two varieties of ginger as sold in Haikou, Hainan, China
On the island of Corfu, Greece, a traditional drink called τσιτσιμπύρα (tsitsibira), a type of ginger beer, is made. The people of Corfu and the rest of the Ionian islands adopted the drink from the British, during the period of the United States of the Ionian Islands.
In Arabic, ginger is called zanjabil, and in some parts of the Middle East, ginger powder is used as a spice for coffee and for milk, as well. In Somaliland, ginger is called sinjibil, and is served in coffee shops in Egypt. In the Ivory Coast, ginger is ground and mixed with orange, pineapple and lemon to produce a juice called nyamanku. Ginger powder is used in hawaij, a spice mixture used mostly by Yemenite Jews for soups and coffee.
[edit]Ginger tea
A glass of ginger tea
Ginger tea is a beverage in many countries, made from ginger root. In China, the tea is made by boiling peeled and sliced ginger to which brown sugar is often added. Sliced orange or lemon fruit may also be added to give a flavor. In Korean cuisine, ginger tea is called saenggang cha (생강차). It can be made either by boiling the ginger or by mixing hot water and preserved sweetened ginger. For the latter, sliced ginger root is stored with honey for a few weeks like jam.[9] In Japanese cuisine it is called shōgayu (生姜湯).[10] In Philippine cuisine it is called salabat and served in the relatively cold month of December. From its main ingredient ginger tea derives a flavor that is spicy and stimulating.[11]
[edit]Preliminary research
Preliminary research indicates that nine compounds found in ginger may bind to human serotonin receptors which may influence gastrointestinal function.[12]
Research conducted in vitro tests show that ginger extract might control the quantity of free radicals and the peroxidation of lipids.[13]
Preliminary studies involving the effect of ginger on nausea occurring with pregnancy suggest that intake of ginger may cause belching after ingestion[14]
In a 2010 study, daily consumption of ginger was shown to help ease muscle pain associated with exercise by 25%.[15]
Ginger root supplement has been identified in one study to help reduce colon inflammation markers such as PGE2, thus indicating a measure that might affect colon cancer.[16]
In limited studies, ginger was found to be more effective than placebo for treating nausea caused by seasickness, morning sickness and chemotherapy,[17][18][19][20] although ginger was not found superior to placebo for pre-emptively treating post-operative nausea. Other preliminary studies showed that ginger may affect arthritis pain or have blood thinning and cholesterol lowering properties, but these effects remain unconfirmed.[21]
Advanced glycation end-products are possibly associated in the development of diabetic cataract for which ginger was effective in preliminary studies, apparently by acting through antiglycating mechanisms.[22][23][24]
Zingerone may have activity against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in enterotoxin-induced diarrhea.[17][25]
Folk medicine
A packet of ginger powder from the Philippines used in brewing salabat (ginger tea).
Ginger house rum, Madagascar
The traditional medical form of ginger historically was called Jamaica ginger; it was classified as a stimulant and carminative and used frequently for dyspepsia, gastroparesis, slow motility symptoms, constipation, and colic.[citation needed] It was also frequently employed to disguise the taste of medicines.[33]
Some studies indicate ginger may provide short-term relief of pregnancy-related nausea and vomiting.[citation needed] Studies are inconclusive about effects for other forms of nausea or in treating pain from rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, or joint and muscle injury. Side effects, mostly associated with powdered ginger, are gas, bloating, heartburn, and nausea.[34]
Tea brewed from ginger is a common folk remedy for colds. Ginger ale and ginger beer are also drunk as stomach settlers in countries where the beverages are made.
In Burma, ginger and a local sweetener made from palm tree juice (htan nyat) are boiled together and taken to prevent the flu.
In China, ginger is included in several traditional preparations. A drink made with sliced ginger cooked in water with brown sugar or a cola is used as a folk medicine for the common cold.[35] "Ginger eggs" (scrambled eggs with finely diced ginger root) is a common home remedy for coughing.[citation needed] The Chinese also make a kind of dried ginger candy that is fermented in plum juice and sugared, which is also commonly consumed to suppress coughing. Ginger has also been historically used to treat inflammation, which several scientific studies support, though one arthritis trial showed ginger to be no better than a placebo or ibuprofen for treatment of osteoarthritis.[21]
In Congo, ginger is crushed and mixed with mango tree sap to make tangawisi juice, which is considered a panacea.
In India, ginger is applied as a paste to the temples to relieve headache, and consumed when suffering from the common cold. Ginger with lemon and black salt is also used for nausea.
In Indonesia, ginger (jahe in Indonesian) is used as a herbal preparation to reduce fatigue, reducing "winds" in the blood, prevent and cure rheumatism and control poor dietary habits.[citation needed]
In Nepal, ginger is called aduwa, अदुवा and is widely grown and used throughout the country as a spice for vegetables, used medically to treat cold and also sometimes used to flavor tea.
In the Philippines, ginger is known as luya and is used as a throat lozenge in traditional medicine to relieve sore throat. It is also brewed into a tea known as salabat.[36][37]
In the United States, ginger is used to prevent motion and morning sickness. It is recognized as safe by the Food and Drug Administration and is sold as an unregulated dietary supplement. Ginger water was also used to avoid heat cramps in the United States.
In Peru, ginger is sliced in hot water as an infusion for stomach aches as infusión de Kión.
In Japan it is purported to aid blood circulation.[38] Scientific studies investigating these effects have been inconclusive.[34]
Secretos de Radiación. Es el proyecto con el que pretendo reflejar el deterioro físico y mental que sufren las mujeres que han recibido radiación por cáncer de cérvix y el deterior por efectos secundarios al tratamiento, el cual les salva la vida pero deja una gran huella en su cuerpo y mente. Esta marchitación interna les ocasiona una gran variedad de problemas como: resequedad, piel sensible, estreñimiento, sangrados, falta de lubricación y más. Ellas pierden su sexualidad al no poder intimar con su pareja, lo cual les lleva a cuestionar su cuerpo y persona lo que se convierte en un problema mental. Las mujeres que han pasado por esto por lo general cargan el problema en silencio y sin ayuda. Hay que poner la luz en esta situación y ver la forma de brindarles la información y ayuda adecuada.
Secrets of Radiation. It is the project that I intend to reflect the physical and mental deterioration suffered by women who have received radiation from cervical cancer and the deterioration due to side effects to the treatment, which saves their lives but leaves a great imprint on their body and mind . This internal wilting causes a great variety of problems such as: dryness, sensitive skin, constipation, bleeding, lack of lubrication and more. They lose their sexuality by not being able to intimate with their partner, which leads them to question their body and person which becomes a mental problem. Women who have gone through this usually carry the problem silently and unaided. We must put the light on this situation and see how we can provide them with the right information and help.
Secretos de Radiación. Es el proyecto con el que pretendo reflejar el deterioro físico y mental que sufren las mujeres que han recibido radiación por cáncer de cérvix y el deterior por efectos secundarios al tratamiento, el cual les salva la vida pero deja una gran huella en su cuerpo y mente. Esta marchitación interna les ocasiona una gran variedad de problemas como: resequedad, piel sensible, estreñimiento, sangrados, falta de lubricación y más. Ellas pierden su sexualidad al no poder intimar con su pareja, lo cual les lleva a cuestionar su cuerpo y persona lo que se convierte en un problema mental. Las mujeres que han pasado por esto por lo general cargan el problema en silencio y sin ayuda. Hay que poner la luz en esta situación y ver la forma de brindarles la información y ayuda adecuada.
Secrets of Radiation. It is the project that I intend to reflect the physical and mental deterioration suffered by women who have received radiation from cervical cancer and the deterioration due to side effects to the treatment, which saves their lives but leaves a great imprint on their body and mind . This internal wilting causes a great variety of problems such as: dryness, sensitive skin, constipation, bleeding, lack of lubrication and more. They lose their sexuality by not being able to intimate with their partner, which leads them to question their body and person which becomes a mental problem. Women who have gone through this usually carry the problem silently and unaided. We must put the light on this situation and see how we can provide them with the right information and help.
One of many similar publicity booklets issued by Beecham's Pills Ltd. and intended, most likely, to be issued at fairs and exhibitions. It contains several pages of adverts for the laxative pills as well as hints for health and vitality; mostly based on the need to avoid constipation by taking the pills. This is one of the adverts asking if "you can sleep like a top every night?".
The laxative tablets were first made by Beecham, a businessman in Wigan, Lancashire, in 1842 and they developed into a worldwide brand largely due to Beecham's business and marketing acumen. The 'worth a guinea a box' strapline was first used in a local press advert in 1859 and can be considered one of the earliest examples of an advertiisng slogan. The company opened its first purpose built factory in the founder's home town of St. Helens in 1880. Beecham's developed into a pharmacutical company, now part of GSK, and the Pills were only discontinued in 1998.
Kaleta Reserve, near Amboasary in southern Madagascar. The bird is sitting in a Tamarind tree.
From Wikipedia -
Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) (from Latinization of Arabic: تمر هندي tamar Hind "Indian Date") is a tree in the family Fabaceae. The genus Tamarindus is monotypic (having only a single species).
Tamarindus indica is indigenous to tropical Africa, particularly where it continues to grow wild in Sudan - it is also cultivated in Cameroon, Nigeria and Tanzania. In Arabia it is found wild growing in Oman, especially Dhofar, where it grows on sea-facing mountains. It reached South Asia likely through human transportation, and cultivation several thousand years prior to the Common Era. It is widely distributed throughout the Tropical belt, from Africa to South Asia, and throughout South East Asia, Taiwan and as far as China. In the 16th century it was heavily introduced to Mexico, as well as South America, by Spanish and Portuguese colonists, to the degree that it became a common ingredient in everyday living.
One of the first tamarind trees in Hawaii was planted in 1797.
Description -
The tamarind is a long-lived, medium-growth bushy tree which attains a maximum crown height of 12.1 to 18.3 metres (40 to 60 feet). The crown has an irregular vase-shaped outline of dense foliage. The tree grows well in full sun in clay, loam, sandy, and acidic soil types, with a high drought and aerosol salt (wind-borne salt as found in coastal area) resistance.
Leaves are evergreen, bright green in colour, elliptical ovular, arrangement is alternate, of the pinnately compound type, with pinnate venation and less than 5 cm (2 inches) in length. The branches droop from a single, central trunk as the tree matures and is often pruned in human agriculture to optimize tree density and ease of fruit harvest. At night, the leaflets close up.
The tamarind does flower, though inconspicuously, with red and yellow elongated flowers. Flowers are 2.5 cm wide (one inch) five-petalled borne in small racemes, yellow with orange or red streaks. Buds are pink as the 4 sepals are pink and are lost when the flower blooms.
The fruit is an indehiscent legume, sometimes called a pod, 12 to 15 cm (3 to 6 inches) in length with a hard, brown shell. The fruit has a fleshy, juicy, acidulous pulp. It is mature when the flesh is coloured brown or reddish-brown. The tamarinds of Asia have longer pods containing 6-12 seeds, whereas African and West Indian varieties have short pods containing 1-6 seeds. The seeds are somewhat flattened, and glossy brown.
The tamarind is best described as sweet and sour in taste, and high in acid, sugar, vitamin B and, interestingly for a fruit, calcium.
As a tropical species, it is frost sensitive. The pinnate leaves with opposite leaflets giving a billowing effect in the wind. Tamarind timber consists of hard, dark red heartwood and softer, yellowish sapwood.
Tamarind is harvested by pulling the pod from its stalk. A mature tree may be capable of producing up to 175 kg (350 lb) of fruit per annum. Veneer grafting, shield (T or inverted T) budding, and air layering may be used to propagate desirable selections. Such trees will usually fruit within 3 to 4 years if provided optimum growing conditions.
Alternative names -
Globally, it is most numerous in South Asia, where it is widely distributed and has a long history of human cultivation. Many South Asian regional languages have their own unique name for the tamarind fruit. It is called the tetul (তেঁতুল) in Bangla; in India it is known in several languages. In Sanskrit, it is called tintiDi. In Oriya it is called tentuli, in Hindi it is called imli; In Gujarati the amli, and Marathi and Konkani the chinch; in Kannada it is called hunase (ಹುಣಸೆ), Telugu chintachettu (tree) and chintapandu (fruit extract) and in Malayalam its called Vaalanpuli (വാളന്പുളി ). In Pakistan in Urdu it is known as imli. In Sri Lanka in Sinhala call it the siyambala; and Northern areas in Tamil also as the puli (புளி). In the Cook Islands in Cook Islands Maori Māori Kūki Āirani or Rarotonganis language Tamarindus is called 'tamarene'.
In Indonesia, tamarind is known as the asam (or asem) Jawa (means Javanese asam), which in the Indonesian language, translates as Javanese sour [sic: fruit] (though the literature may also refer to it as sambaya). In Malaysia, it is also called "asam Jawa". In the Philippines, tamarind is referred to as Sampaloc, which is occasionally rendered as Sambalog in Tagalog and Sambag in Cebuano. Vietnamese term is me. In Taiwan it is called loan-tz. In Myanmar it is called magee-bin (tree) and magee-thee (fruit). The tamarind is the provincial tree of the Phetchabun province of Thailand (in Thailand it is called ma-kham). In Malagasy it is called voamadilo and kily.
In Colombia, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Puerto Rico and Venezuela it is called tamarindo. In the Caribbean, tamarind is sometimes called tamon.
Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) should not be confused with the Manila tamarind (Pithecellobium dulce), which is a different plant, though also of Fabaceae.
The fruit pulp is edible and popular. The hard green pulp of a young fruit is considered by many to be too sour and acidic, but is often used as a component of savory dishes, as a pickling agent or as a means of making certain poisonous yams in Ghana safe for human consumption.
The ripened fruit is considered the more palatable as it becomes sweeter and less sour (acidic) as it matures. It is used in desserts as a jam, blended into juices or sweetened drinks, sorbets, ice-creams and all manner of snack. It is also consumed as a natural laxative.
In Western cuisine it is found in Worcestershire sauce, and HP sauce.
In Indian cuisine it is common. Imli Chutney and Pulusu use it. Along with tamarind, sugar and spices are added to (regional) taste for chutneys or a multitude of condiments for a bitter-sweet flavor. The immature pods and flowers are also pickled and used as a side dish. Regional cuisines such as Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh use it to make Rasam, Sambhar, Vatha Kuzhambu and Puliyogare. In Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, tender leaves of tamarind are used along with lentils and it is also dried and used in place of ripe tamarind for mild flavour.
In Guadeloupe, tamarind is known as Tamarinier and is used in jams and syrups.
In Mexico, it is sold in various snack forms: dried and salted; or candied (see for example pulparindo or chamoy snacks). The famous agua fresca beverage, iced fruit-bars and raspados all use it as the main ingredient. In the US, Mexican immigrants have fashioned the "agua de tamarindo" drink, the Jarritos Tamarind drink (the first introduced and second most popular flavour of the brand), and many other treats. Tamarind snacks such as Mexico's Pelon Pelo Rico, are available in specialty food stores worldwide in pod form or as a paste or concentrate.
In Egypt, a sour, chilled drink made from tamarind is popular during the summer.
A traditional food plant in Africa, tamarind has potential to improve nutrition, boost food security, foster rural development and support sustainable landcare.
In southern Kenya, the Swahili people use it to garnish legumes and also make juices. In Madagascar, its fruits and leaves are a well-known favorite of the Ring-tailed Lemurs, providing as much as 50% of their food resources during the year if available. In Northern Nigeria, it is used with millet powder to prepare Kunun Tsamiya, a traditional Pap mostly used as breakfast, and usually eaten with bean cake.
The Javanese dish gurame and more so ikan asem, also known as ikan asam (sweet and sour fish, commonly a carp or river-fish) is popular throughout Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. Tamarind is also common in Manado, Sulawesi and Maluku cuisines.
In Lebanon, the Kazouza company sells a tamarind-flavoured carbonated beverage.
In Myanmar, young and tender leaves and flower buds are eaten as a vegetable. A salad dish of tamarind leaves, boiled beans, and crushed peanuts topped with crispy fried onions is very popular in rural Myanmar.
In the Philippines, tamarind is used in foods like sinigang soup, and also made into candies. The leaves are also used in sinampalukan soup.
In Thailand a specific cultivar has been bred specifically to be eaten as a fresh fruit, famous for being particular sweet and minimally sour. It is also sometimes eaten preserved in sugar with chili as a sweet-and-spicy candy. Pad Thai, a Thai dish popular with Westerners often include tamarind for its tart/sweet taste (with lime juice added for sourness and fish sauce added for saltiness). A tamarind-based sweet-and-sour sauce served over deep-fried fish is also a common dish in central Thailand.
Medicinal uses -
Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, sesquiterpenes, alkaloids and phlobatamins and other extracts active against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria, at temperatures of 4–30 °C (39–86 °F). Studies on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts on the test organisms showed that the lowest MIC and the MBC were demonstrated against Salmonella paratyphi, Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella typhi and the highest MIC and MBC was exhibited against Staphylococcus aureus.
Throughout Asia and Africa it is common for health remedies. In Northern Nigeria, fresh stem bark and fresh leaves are used as decoction mixed with potash for the treatment of stomach disorder, general body pain, jaundice, yellow fever and as blood tonic and skin cleanser. In Indonesia, Malaysia and Philippines and Javanese traditional medicine use asem leaves as a herbal infusion for malarial fever, the fruit juice as an anti-septic, and scurvy and even cough cure.
Fruit of the tamarind is also commonly used throughout South East Asia as a poultice applied to foreheads of fever sufferers.
Tamarind is used as in Indian Ayurvedic Medicine for gastric and/or digestion problems, and in cardioprotective activity.
In animal studies, tamarind has been found to lower serum cholesterol and blood sugar levels. Due to a lack of available human clinical trials, there is insufficient evidence to recommend tamarind for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol) or diabetes.
Based on human study, tamarind intake may delay the progression of fluorosis by enhancing excretion of fluoride. However, additional research is needed to confirm these results.
Excess consumption has been noted as a traditional laxative.
Other medicinal uses include: Anthelminthic (expels worms), antimicrobial, antiseptic, antiviral, asthma, astringent, bacterial skin infections (erysipelas), boils, chest pain, cholesterol metabolism disorders, colds, colic, conjunctivitis (pink eye), constipation (chronic or acute), diabetes, diarrhea (chronic), dry eyes, dysentery (severe diarrhea), eye inflammation, fever, food preservative, food uses (coloring), gallbladder disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, gingivitis, hemorrhoids, indigestion, insecticide, jaundice, keratitis (inflammation of the cornea), leprosy, liver disorders, nausea and vomiting (pregnancy-related), paralysis, poisoning (Datura plant), rash, rheumatism, saliva production, skin disinfectant/sterilization, sore throat, sores, sprains, sunscreen, sunstroke, swelling (joints), urinary stones, wound healing (corneal epithelium).
In temples, especially in Buddhist Asian countries, the fruit pulp is used to polish brass shrine furniture, removing dulling and the greenish patina that forms.
The wood is a bold red color. Due to its density and durability, tamarind heartwood can be used in making furniture and wood flooring. A tamarind switch is sometimes used as an implement for corporal punishment.
Tamarind trees are very common throughout Asia and the tropical world as both an ornamental, garden and cash-crop. The tamarind has recently become popular in bonsai culture, frequently used in Asian countries like Indonesia, Taiwan and the Philippines. In the last Japan Airlines World Bonsai competition, Mr. Budi Sulistyo of Indonesia won the second prize with an ancient tamarind bonsai.
The seeds are sometimes used by children in traditional board games such as Chinese checkers (China), Dhakon (Java), and others.
The tamarind tree is the official plant of Santa Clara, Cuba. Consequently it appears in the coat of arms of the city.
Euphorbia candelabrum is a succulent species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, one of several plants commonly known as candelabra tree. It is endemic to the Horn of Africa and eastern Africa along the East African Rift system. It is known in Ethiopia by its Amharic name, qwolqwal, or its Oromo name, adaamii. It is closely related to three other species of Euphorbia: Euphorbia ingens in the dry regions of southern Africa, Euphorbia conspicua from western Angola, and Euphorbia abyssinica, which is native to countries including Sudan, Eritrea, Djibouti, Ethiopia and Somalia.
Its Latin name derives from its growth habit, often considered to resemble the branching of a candelabrum. Candelabra trees can be found in dry deciduous and evergreen open wooded grasslands, on rocky slopes and on rare occasions termite mounds. As rainfall decreases, so does E. candelabrum's habitat range. Trees typically grow to be 12 metres in height; however, some specimens have been recorded to grow up to 20 metres tall.
Species such as Grewia and those in the Euphorbiaceae are considered to be fire-sensitive and typically restricted to termite mounds instead of dominating the open savanna However, E. candelabrum is widespread throughout the savanna and short-grass areas of the Queen Elizabeth National Park in Uganda. This is an unusual habitat for tall succulents, as they have been proven to typically be poor invaders of frequently burned stands of land. E. candelabrum's success as a tall succulent seems to be a result of heavy grazing by African mammals such as the Ugandan kob (Kobus kob) and waterbuck (Kobus ellipsiprymnus defassa) and an overall decrease in intense wildfires.
Some authorities further divide this species into two varieties, E. candelabrum var. candelabrum and E. candelabrum var. bilocularis.
Euphorbia candelabrum was used in traditional Ethiopian medicine. Mixed with clarified honey, its sap was used as a purgative to cure syphilis and, when mixed with other medicinal plants, as a salve to treat the symptoms of leprosy. The plant currently has negligible commercial value; Richard Pankhurst documents two different attempts near Keren in Eritrea to collect its gum before 1935, but neither attempt proved commercially viable.
Euphorbia candelabrum has been used in firewood, timber, and fencing. Its wood is light and durable, with a number of purposes including roofing, tables, doors, matches, boxes, mortars, musical instruments and saddles.
When damaged, E. candelabrum trees release an abundant amount of milky-white latex, which has a rubber content of 12.5%. This latex is extremely toxic due to its skin irritant and carcinogenic diterpene derivatives, mainly phorbol esters. In addition to irritation of the skin and mucous membranes, E. candelabrum latex may cause blindness if brought into contact with the eyes.
Various components of E. candelabrum plants can be utilized as poisons. The Ovaherero people of Namibia use its latex as an ingredient in arrow poison, while the Damara people use E. candelabrum latex extract or freshly pounded branches to poison water holes and streams. Its flowers produce nectar, but ingestion of E. candelabrum honey can cause a burning sensation in the mouth that is only intensified by drinking water.
Baboons seem to be unaffected by the sap and frequently consume the plant. A study done in Queen Elizabeth Park in West Uganda found that much of the damage done to E. candelabrum trees can be attributed to the feeding patterns of baboons. Fresh, young E. candelabrum branches are broken off by climbing baboons, which results in uneven growth. In addition to this, baboon feeding patterns affect the life cycle of E. candelabrum flowers and often causes sterility in many of the young stems.
Although Euphorbia candelabrum is known to be quite toxic, it has seen medicinal use. Its latex contains highly irritant ingenol diterpene esters, which prove to be both harmful and helpful. On top of blistering and irritation, ingenol products demonstrate tumour-promoting activity, causing cells to resist apoptosis and continue multiplying. A 1961 study found that latex from various Euphorbia species, including E. candelabrum, is a potent tumor-promoting agent. However, ingenol has been reported to encourage anti-HIV and anti-leukemia cellular activity that protects T-cells.
In folk medicine, in addition to being used as a purgative to cure syphilis or a salve to treat leprosy, E. candelabrum sap has been used in the treatment of coughs, tuberculosis, malaria and HIV infections. It has the ability to be mixed with fat and applied topically to heal wounds, sores, and warts. E. candelabrum latex is an effective abortifacient, and a concoction containing pith from the branches may be given to women after childbirth to assist in the expulsion of the placenta. Its roots can be boiled, and drinking this fluid is said to help with stomach aches, constipation, and infertility. Ash from the stems has also been used to treat eye infections.
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a flowering plant whose rhizome, ginger root or simply ginger, is widely used as a spice or a folk medicine.
It is a herbaceous perennial which grows annual stems about a meter tall bearing narrow green leaves and yellow flowers. Ginger is in the family Zingiberaceae, to which also belong turmeric (Curcuma longa), cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum), and galangal. Ginger originated in the tropical rainforest in Southern Asia. Although ginger no longer grows wild, it is thought to have originated on the Indian subcontinent because the ginger plants grown in India show the largest amount of genetic variation. Ginger was exported to Europe via India in the first century AD as a result of the lucrative spice trade and was used extensively by the Romans.
The distantly related dicots in the genus Asarum are commonly called wild ginger because of their similar taste.
ETYMOLOGY
The origin of "ginger" is from the mid-14th century, from Old English gingifer, from Medieval Latin gingiber, from Latin zingiberi, from Greek zingiberis, from Prakrit (Middle Indic) singabera, from Sanskrit srngaveram, from srngam "horn" + vera- "body", from the shape of its root. But this may be Sanskrit folk etymology, and the word may be from an ancient Dravidian name that also produced the Tamil and Malayalam name for the spice, inchi-ver, from inchi "root." cf. gin (v.). The word probably was readopted in Middle English from Old French gingibre (modern French gingembre).
HORTICULTURE
Ginger produces clusters of white and pink flower buds that bloom into yellow flowers. Because of its aesthetic appeal and the adaptation of the plant to warm climates, it is often used as landscaping around subtropical homes. It is a perennial reed-like plant with annual leafy stems, about a meter (3 to 4 feet) tall. Traditionally, the rhizome is gathered when the stalk withers; it is immediately scalded, or washed and scraped, to kill it and prevent sprouting. The fragrant perisperm of the Zingiberaceae is used as sweetmeats by Bantu, and also as a condiment and sialagogue.
USES
Ginger produces a hot, fragrant kitchen spice.[6] Young ginger rhizomes are juicy and fleshy with a very mild taste. They are often pickled in vinegar or sherry as a snack or cooked as an ingredient in many dishes. They can be steeped in boiling water to make ginger tisane, to which honey is often added; sliced orange or lemon fruit may be added. Ginger can be made into candy, or ginger wine, which has been made commercially since 1740.
Mature ginger rhizomes are fibrous and nearly dry. The juice from ginger roots is often used as a seasoning in Indian recipes and is a common ingredient of Chinese, Korean, Japanese, Vietnamese, and many South Asian cuisines for flavoring dishes such as seafood, meat, and vegetarian dishes.
Fresh ginger can be substituted for ground ginger at a ratio of six to one, although the flavors of fresh and dried ginger are somewhat different. Powdered dry ginger root is typically used as a flavoring for recipes such as gingerbread, cookies, crackers and cakes, ginger ale, and ginger beer.
Candied ginger, or crystallized ginger, is the root cooked in sugar until soft, and is a type of confectionery.
Fresh ginger may be peeled before eating. For longer-term storage, the ginger can be placed in a plastic bag and refrigerated or frozen.
REGIONAL USES
In Indian cuisine, ginger is a key ingredient, especially in thicker gravies, as well as in many other dishes, both vegetarian and meat-based. Ginger also has a role in traditional Ayurvedic medicine. It is an ingredient in traditional Indian drinks, both cold and hot, including spiced masala chai. Fresh ginger is one of the main spices used for making pulse and lentil curries and other vegetable preparations. Fresh ginger together with peeled garlic cloves is crushed or ground to form ginger garlic masala. Fresh, as well as dried, ginger is used to spice tea and coffee, especially in winter. In south India, "sambharam" is a summer yogurt drink made with ginger as a key ingredient, along with green chillies, salt and curry leaves. Ginger powder is used in food preparations intended primarily for pregnant or nursing women, the most popular one being katlu, which is a mixture of gum resin, ghee, nuts, and sugar. Ginger is also consumed in candied and pickled form.
In Japan, ginger is pickled to make beni shoga and gari or grated and used raw on tofu or noodles. It is made into a candy called shoga no sato zuke. In the traditional Korean kimchi, ginger is either finely minced or just juiced to avoid the fibrous texture and added to the ingredients of the spicy paste just before the fermenting process.
In Burma, ginger is called gyin. It is widely used in cooking and as a main ingredient in traditional medicines. It is consumed as a salad dish called gyin-thot, which consists of shredded ginger preserved in oil, with a variety of nuts and seeds.
In Thailand' where it is called ขิง khing, it is used to make a ginger garlic paste in cooking.
In Indonesia, a beverage called wedang jahe is made from ginger and palm sugar. Indonesians also use ground ginger root, called jahe, as a common ingredient in local recipes.
In Malaysia, ginger is called halia and used in many kinds of dishes, especially soups.
Called luya in the Philippines, ginger is a common ingredient in local dishes and is brewed as a tea called salabat.
In Vietnam, the fresh leaves, finely chopped, can be added to shrimp-and-yam soup (canh khoai mỡ) as a top garnish and spice to add a much subtler flavor of ginger than the chopped root.
In China, sliced or whole ginger root is often paired with savory dishes such as fish, and chopped ginger root is commonly paired with meat, when it is cooked. Candied ginger is sometimes a component of Chinese candy boxes, and a herbal tea can be prepared from ginger.
In the Caribbean, ginger is a popular spice for cooking and for making drinks such as sorrel, a drink made during the Christmas season. Jamaicans make ginger beer both as a carbonated beverage and also fresh in their homes. Ginger tea is often made from fresh ginger, as well as the famous regional specialty Jamaican ginger cake.
On the island of Corfu, Greece, a traditional drink called τσιτσιμπύρα (tsitsibira), a type of ginger beer, is made. The people of Corfu and the rest of the Ionian islands adopted the drink from the British, during the period of the United States of the Ionian Islands.
In Arabic, ginger is called zanjabil and in some parts of the Middle East, gingayu (生姜湯). The Hebrew name for the spice, zangevil, is a variation on the name.
In Western cuisine, ginger is traditionally used mainly in sweet foods such as ginger ale, gingerbread, ginger snaps, parkin, ginger biscuits, and speculaas. A ginger-flavored liqueur called Canton is produced in Jarnac, France. Ginger wine is a ginger-flavored wine produced in the United Kingdom, traditionally sold in a green glass bottle. Ginger is also used as a spice added to hot coffee and tea.
SIMILAR INGREDIENTS
Myoga (Zingiber mioga 'Roscoe') appears in Japanese cuisine; the flower buds are the part eaten.
Another plant in the Zingiberaceae family, galangal, is used for similar purposes as ginger in Thai cuisine. Galangal is also called Thai ginger, fingerroot (Boesenbergia rotunda), Chinese ginger, or the Thai krachai.
A dicotyledonous native species of eastern North America, Asarum canadense, is also known as "wild ginger", and its root has similar aromatic properties, but it is not related to true ginger. The plant contains aristolochic acid, a carcinogenic compound.[9] The United States Food and Drug Administration warns that consumption of aristolochic acid-containing products is associated with "permanent kidney damage, sometimes resulting in kidney failure that has required kidney dialysis or kidney transplantation. In addition, some patients have developed certain types of cancers, most often occurring in the urinary tract."
PRODUCTION
In 2013, with a global production of 2.1 million tonnes of ginger, India accounted for 33%, followed by China (19%), Nepal, Indonesia, and Nigeria.
NUTRITIOAL INFORMATION
In 100 grams, ground dried ginger (10% water) provides numerous essential nutrients in high content, particularly the dietary mineral manganese as a multiple of its Daily Value (DV, table). In a typical spice serving amount of one US tablespoon or 5 g, however, ginger powder provides negligible content of essential nutrients, with the exception of manganese present as 79% of DV (USDA database).
Due to its higher content of water (80%), raw ginger root has lower overall nutrient content when expressed per 100 grams.
COMPOSITION AND SAFETY
If consumed in reasonable quantities, ginger has few negative side effects. It is on the FDA's "generally recognized as safe" list, though it does interact with some medications, including the anticoagulant drug warfarin and the cardiovascular drug, nifedipine.
Products of Chinese origin found in Taiwan contained ginger contaminated with diisobutyl phthalate, causing some 80,000 nutritional supplement capsules made with imported ginger powder to be seized by the Public Health Department of Taiwan in June 2011.
CHEMISTRY
The characteristic fragrance and flavor of ginger result from volatile oils that compose 1-3% of the weight of fresh ginger, primarily consisting of zingerone, shogaols and gingerols with [6]-gingerol (1-[4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl]-5-hydroxy-3-decanone) as the major pungent compound. Zingerone is produced from gingerols during drying, having lower pungency and a spicy-sweet aroma.
BIOLOG'ICAL EFFECTS
Ginger has a sialagogue action, stimulating the production of saliva, which makes swallowing easier.
Ginger is a minor chemical irritant and, because of this, was used as a horse suppository by pre-World War I mounted regiments for gingering.
MEDICINAL USE AND RESEARCH
Oral or topical uses of ginger to treat various disorders, such as nausea or arthritis pain, are under research, but no conclusions are possible from these studies about its effectiveness or safety in long-term use.
In limited studies, ginger was found to be more effective than placebo for treating nausea caused by seasickness, morning sickness, and chemotherapy, although it was not found superior to placebo for treating postoperative nausea. Studies have found no clear evidence of harm from taking ginger during pregnancy, though its safety has not been established.
Allergic reactions to ginger generally result in a rash. Although generally recognized as safe, ginger can cause heartburn and other side effects, particularly if taken in powdered form. Unchewed fresh ginger may result in intestinal blockage, and individuals who have had ulcers, inflammatory bowel disease, or blocked intestines may react badly to large quantities of fresh ginger. It can also adversely affect individuals with gallstones and may interfere with the effects of anticoagulants, such as warfarin or aspirin.
Studies are inconclusive about the effects of using ginger for nausea or pain associated with various ailments. Side effects, mostly associated with consuming powdered ginger, are gas, bloating, heartburn, and nausea.
Ginger powder may be effective for primary dysmenorrhea.
Cultivars, preparation, and folk medicine
Ginger properties depend on a number of factors, such as cultivar, plant segment, and preparation method (dried or cooked). Examples:
One traditional medical form of ginger historically called "Jamaica ginger" was classified as a stimulant and carminative, and used frequently for dyspepsia, gastroparesis, slow gut motility symptoms, constipation, or colic.
Kampo Shokyo, Z. officinale, var. rubens, dried
Kampo Kankyo, Z. officinale, var. rubens, steamed and dried
Jamu Red ginger, Z. officinale, var. rubra
Shoga, Z. officinale, var. rubens
White ginger, Z. officinale, var. amarum
WIKIPEDIA
Folkloric
- Bark is reported to be vomitive and aphrodisiac.
- Decoction of bark used for catarrh.
- Tender fruit used as emollient.
- Decoction of bark regarded as a specific in febrile catarrh.
- Gum is astringent; used for bowel complaints. In children, gum with milk, given as cooling laxative. Also used for urine incontinence in children.
- Gum used as styptic, given in diarrhea, dysentery, and menorrhagia.
- In Liberia, Infusion of bark used as mouthwash.
- Infusion of leaves, onions, and a little tumeric, used for coughs.
- Young roots, shade-dried and powdered, is a chief ingredient in aphrodisiac medicines.
- Tap-root of young plant used for gonorrhea and dysentery.
- Bark in diuretic; in sufficient quantities, produces vomiting.
- In Cambodia, bark used for fevers and diarrhea. Also, as a cure for inebriation, used to bring about perspiration and vomiting.
- Malays used the bark for asthma and colds in children.
- In India, roots used for gonorrhea, dysuria, fevers. Decoction of bark used for chronic dysentery, diarrhea, ascites, and anasarca. Tender leaves also used for gonorrhea.
- In Java, bark mixed with areca nuts, nutmegs, and sugar candy, used as diuretic and for treatment of bladder stones. Infusion of leaves used for cough, hoarseness, intestinal catarrh, and urethritis. Leaves also used for cleaning hair.
- In the Cameroons, bark, which has tannin, is pounded and macerated in cold water and applied to swollen fingers.
- In French Guiana, decoction of flowers used for constipation.
- In Mexico, used for boils, insect bites, mange; used as anti-inflammatory; bark and leaf decoctions used as poultices. Bark decoction taken internally as emetic, diuretic and antispasmodic.
- Bark used for liver and spleen conditions, abdominal complaints, flatulence, constipation.
- Leaves used as emollient. Decoction of flowers is laxative.
- In Nigerian folk medicine, used for treatment of diabetes and infections. Leaves used as alterative and laxative, and as infusion for colic in man and in livestock. Seed oil used in rheumatism. Also, leaves used as curative dressings on sores and to maturate tumors.
- Compressed fresh leaves used for dizziness; decoction of boiled roots used to treat edema; gum eaten to relieve stomach upset; tender shoot decoction used as contraceptive; leaf infusion taken orally for cough and sore throat. (34)
- In India and Malaya, used for bowel complaints.
- In the Ivory Coast, mucilage obtained by boiling used to remove foreign bodies from the eye. Also, bark sap given to sterile women to promote conception.
- In West Africa, used for diarrhea and gonorrhea.
Others
- Fibers: Pod fibers are used in the stuffing of pillows, cushions, mattresses and the manufacture and life-preservers.
- Oil: Kapok oil, extracted from the seeds, used in the manufacture of soap; also, a substitute for cotton-seed oil. Also used for cooking and as lubricant.
- Wood: Tree is used for fencing and telephone poles.
- Fresh cake valuable as stock feed.
- Ashes of the fruit used by dyers in Malaysia.
- Study showed the C. pentandra fiber may be useful in recovering oil spilled in seawater.
- Fodder: Sheep, goats, cattle relish the foliage. Pressed cake as cattle feed yields about 26% protein.
source: stuart xchange
Secretos de Radiación. Es el proyecto con el que pretendo reflejar el deterioro físico y mental que sufren las mujeres que han recibido radiación por cáncer de cérvix y el deterior por efectos secundarios al tratamiento, el cual les salva la vida pero deja una gran huella en su cuerpo y mente. Esta marchitación interna les ocasiona una gran variedad de problemas como: resequedad, piel sensible, estreñimiento, sangrados, falta de lubricación y más. Ellas pierden su sexualidad al no poder intimar con su pareja, lo cual les lleva a cuestionar su cuerpo y persona lo que se convierte en un problema mental. Las mujeres que han pasado por esto por lo general cargan el problema en silencio y sin ayuda. Hay que poner la luz en esta situación y ver la forma de brindarles la información y ayuda adecuada.
Secrets of Radiation. It is the project that I intend to reflect the physical and mental deterioration suffered by women who have received radiation from cervical cancer and the deterioration due to side effects to the treatment, which saves their lives but leaves a great imprint on their body and mind . This internal wilting causes a great variety of problems such as: dryness, sensitive skin, constipation, bleeding, lack of lubrication and more. They lose their sexuality by not being able to intimate with their partner, which leads them to question their body and person which becomes a mental problem. Women who have gone through this usually carry the problem silently and unaided. We must put the light on this situation and see how we can provide them with the right information and help.
Secretos de Radiación. Es el proyecto con el que pretendo reflejar el deterioro físico y mental que sufren las mujeres que han recibido radiación por cáncer de cérvix y el deterior por efectos secundarios al tratamiento, el cual les salva la vida pero deja una gran huella en su cuerpo y mente. Esta marchitación interna les ocasiona una gran variedad de problemas como: resequedad, piel sensible, estreñimiento, sangrados, falta de lubricación y más. Ellas pierden su sexualidad al no poder intimar con su pareja, lo cual les lleva a cuestionar su cuerpo y persona lo que se convierte en un problema mental. Las mujeres que han pasado por esto por lo general cargan el problema en silencio y sin ayuda. Hay que poner la luz en esta situación y ver la forma de brindarles la información y ayuda adecuada.
Secrets of Radiation. It is the project that I intend to reflect the physical and mental deterioration suffered by women who have received radiation from cervical cancer and the deterioration due to side effects to the treatment, which saves their lives but leaves a great imprint on their body and mind . This internal wilting causes a great variety of problems such as: dryness, sensitive skin, constipation, bleeding, lack of lubrication and more. They lose their sexuality by not being able to intimate with their partner, which leads them to question their body and person which becomes a mental problem. Women who have gone through this usually carry the problem silently and unaided. We must put the light on this situation and see how we can provide them with the right information and help.
never thought i'd find a mulberry tree in the city, of all places, but life always have surprises!
Edibility
- Young leaves eaten as vegetable, particularly by nursing mothers.
- Fruit is edible.
- In China, the fruit is made into jam.
Folkloric
· For headaches, cough, and fever associated with influenza: Mix 6 to 12 gms of morera leaf preparation with Chrysanthemum and Mentha in 5:3:1 proportions. Boil to a concentrated decoction and drink.
· For persons who lacrimate when their faces are exposed to the wind: use 6 to 12 gms of leaf preparation with an equal volume of Sesame preparation, grind to a powder and drink with warm water.
· Constipation in the elderly: 6 to 15 gms dried fruit preparation, boil to a concentrated decoction and drink.
· Backache: 9-15 gms twig preparation, boil to a concentrated decoction and drink.
· Eyestrain causing reddening and pain in the eyes: get leaf preparation, steam in water, and expose eyes to the smoke which emanates from the preparation.
· Fever arising from lung complications, cough, and hemoptysis; also skin edema: use 9-15 gms of bark in decoction.
· Rheumatic arthritis, lumbago, leg pains: use 9-15 gm Morus twig material.
· Fever, cold and coughing: use 6 to 9 gms leafy drug in decoction.
· In Brazil, used for fever, lowering of cholesterol and blood pressure, and liver protection.
· Juice of fresh bark used for epilepsy in children and in dribbling of the saliva.
· Milky sap of the tree is used for aphthous stomatitis in infants, and in incised wounds caused by snake, centipede, and spider bites.
· Decoction of leaves used for sweating feet, dropsy, and intestinal disorders.
· Bruised leaves used for wounds and insect bites, and also to promote hair growth.
· Twigs considered prophylactic for all forms of cold; also, diuretic and pectoral.
· Lye made of ashes of mulberry wood used as stimulant and escharotic in scaly skin diseases and unhealthy granulations.
· Fruits have been used for diabetes.
source: stuart xchange
Aloe decurva, an endemic plant growing on Mount Zembe, Mozambique. 1000 m.a.s. Type location. Medicinal uses: for preventive and curative treatment of many different poultry diseases; humans: constipation (causes diarrhoea)
Two members of the Forked fern family (Gleicheniaceae) growing together in a Hawaiian forest.
Upper center & left: Uluhe lau nui* (Diplopterygium pinnatum)
Endemic to the Hawaiian Islands (All main islands except Niʻihau & Kahoʻolawe)
Lower center & right: Uluhe (Dicranopteris linearis)
Endemic to the Hawaiian Islands (All main islands except Niʻihau & Kahoʻolawe) www.flickr.com/photos/dweickhoff/14002480298/in/photolist...
Photo: Kaʻala Natural Area Reserve, Oʻahu
Medicinally, early Hawaiians used the juice of uluhe as a laxative for constipation.
Fronds were, and still are, used in lei making.
_____
* The name in Hawaiian is translated as "lau," leaf, and "nui" large, literally: large-leaved uluhe.
Health benefits of plantains
Plantain relatively has more calories weight for weight than that in the table bananas. 100 g plantain holds about 122 calories, while dessert banana has only 89 calories. Indeed, they are very reliable sources of starch and energy; ensuring food security for millions of inhabitants worldwide.
It contains 2.3 g of dietary fiber per 100 g (6% of DRA per 100 g). Adequate amount of dietary-fiber in the food helps normal bowel movements, thereby reducing constipation problems.
Fresh plátanos have more vitamin C than bananas. 100 g provide 18.4 mg or 31% of daily required levels of this vitamin. Consumption of foods rich in vitamin-C helps the body develop resistance against infectious agents and scavenge harmful oxygen-free radicals. However, boiling and cooking destroys much of this vitamin in plantains.
Plantains carry more vitamin A than bananas. 100 g fresh ripe plantains contain 1127 IU or 37.5% of daily required levels of this vitamin. Besides being a powerful antioxidant, vitamin A plays a vital role in the visual cycle, maintaining healthy mucus membranes, and enhancing skin complexion.
As in bananas, they too are rich sources of B-complex vitamins, particularly high in vitamin-B6 (pyridoxine). Pyridoxine is an important B-complex vitamin that has a beneficial role in the treatment of neuritis, anemia, and to decrease homocystine (one of the causative factors for coronary artery disease (CHD) and stroke episodes) levels in the body. In addition, the fruit contains moderate levels of folates, niacin, riboflavin and thiamin.
They also provide adequate levels of minerals such as iron, magnesium, and phosphorous. Magnesium is essential for bone strengthening and has a cardiac-protective role as well.
Fresh plantains have more potassium than bananas. 100 g fruit provides 499 mg of potassium (358 mg per 100 g for bananas). Potassium is an important component of cell and body fluids that helps control heart rate and blood pressure, countering negative effects of sodium.
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamarind
TUMKUR is famous for tamarind ( Best tamarind ) |the tropical plant|the South American monkey|Tamarin}}
Not to be confused with Tamarix (tamarisk), a genus of small flowering trees and shrubs.
For other uses, see Tamarind (disambiguation) and Tamarindo (disambiguation).
Tamarind
Tamarindus indica pods.JPG
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Rosids
Order:
Fabales
Family:
Fabaceae
Subfamily:
Detarioideae
Genus:
Tamarindus
L.
Species:
T. indica
Binomial name
Tamarindus indica
L. 1753
Synonyms[2][3][4]
Cavaraea Speg. 1916
Cavaraea elegans Speg. 1916[1]
Tamarindus erythraeus Mattei 1908
Tamarindus occidentalis Gaertn. 1791
Tamarindus officinalis Hook. 1851
Tamarindus somalensis Matteqi 1908
Tamarindus umbrosa Salisb. 1796
Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) is a leguminous tree (family Fabaceae) bearing edible fruit that is indigenous to tropical Africa. The genus Tamarindus is monotypic, meaning that it contains only this species.
The tamarind tree produces pod-like fruit that contains a brown, edible pulp used in cuisines around the world. The pulp is also used in traditional medicine and as a metal polish. The tree's wood can be used for woodworking and tamarind seed oil can be extracted from the seeds. Tamarind's tender young leaves are used in Indian cuisine, especially in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.[5] Because tamarind has multiple uses, it is cultivated around the world in tropical and subtropical zones.
Etymology:
Tamarindus leaves and fruit pod
The name derives from Arabic: تمر هندي, romanized tamar hindi, "Indian date". Several early medieval herbalists and physicians wrote tamar indi, medieval Latin use was tamarindus, and Marco Polo wrote of tamarandi.[6]
In Colombia, Ecuador, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, Venezuela, Italy, Spain, and throughout the Lusosphere, it is called tamarindo. In those countries it is often used to make the beverage of the same name (or agua de tamarindo). In Timor-Leste it is also called sukaer. In the Caribbean, tamarind is sometimes called tamón.[7] In the Philippines, it is called sampalok or sampaloc in Filipino, and sambag in Cebuano.[citation needed] Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) is sometimes confused with "Manila tamarind" (Pithecellobium dulce). While in the same taxonomic family Fabaceae, Manila tamarind is a different plant native to Mexico and known locally as guamúchili.
Origin:
Tamarindus indica is probably indigenous to tropical Africa,[8] but has been cultivated for so long on the Indian subcontinent that it is sometimes reported to be indigenous there.[9] It grows wild in Africa in locales as diverse as Sudan, Cameroon, Nigeria, Zambia and Tanzania. In Arabia, it is found growing wild in Oman, especially Dhofar, where it grows on the sea-facing slopes of mountains. It reached South Asia likely through human transportation and cultivation several thousand years BC.[7][10] It is widely distributed throughout the tropical belt, from Africa to South Asia, northern Australia, and throughout Oceania, Southeast Asia, Taiwan and China.
In the 16th century, it was introduced to Mexico, and to a lesser degree to South America, by Spanish and Portuguese colonists, to the degree that it became a staple ingredient in the region's cuisine.[11]
Today, India is the largest producer of tamarind.[12] The consumption of tamarind is widespread due to its central role in the cuisines of the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, and the Americas, especially Mexico.
Description:
A tamarind seedling
The tamarind is a long-lived, medium-growth tree, which attains a maximum crown height of 12 to 18 metres (39 to 59 ft). The crown has an irregular, vase-shaped outline of dense foliage. The tree grows well in full sun. It prefers clay, loam, sandy, and acidic soil types, with a high resistance to drought and aerosol salt (wind-borne salt as found in coastal areas).[13]
The evergreen leaves are alternately arranged and pinnately lobed. The leaflets are bright green, elliptic-ovular, pinnately veined, and less than 5 cm (2.0 in) in length. The branches droop from a single, central trunk as the tree matures, and are often pruned in agriculture to optimize tree density and ease of fruit harvest. At night, the leaflets close up.[13]
As a tropical species, it is frost-sensitive. The pinnate leaves with opposite leaflets give a billowing effect in the wind. Tamarind timber consists of hard, dark red heartwood and softer, yellowish sapwood.[14]
The tamarind flowers (although inconspicuously), with red and yellow elongated flowers. Flowers are 2.5 cm wide (one inch), five-petalled, borne in small racemes, and yellow with orange or red streaks. Buds are pink as the four sepals are pink and are lost when the flower blooms.[15]
Fruit:
The fruit is an indehiscent legume, sometimes called a pod, 12 to 15 cm (4.7 to 5.9 in) in length, with a hard, brown shell.[16][17][18]
The fruit has a fleshy, juicy, acidic pulp. It is mature when the flesh is coloured brown or reddish brown. The tamarinds of Asia have longer pods (containing six to 12 seeds), whereas African and West Indian varieties have shorter pods (containing one to six seeds). The seeds are somewhat flattened, and a glossy brown. The fruit is best described as sweet and sour in taste, and is high in tartaric acid, sugar, B vitamins, and, unusually for a fruit, calcium.[13]
The fruit is harvested by pulling the pod from its stalk. A mature tree may be capable of producing up to 175 kg (386 lb) of fruit per year. Veneer grafting, shield (T or inverted T) budding, and air layering may be used to propagate desirable cultivars. Such trees will usually fruit within three to four years if provided optimum growing conditions.[13]
Tamarind paste:
Tamarind balls from Trinidad and Tobago
Tamarinds, raw
Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
Energy
239 kcal (1,000 kJ)
Carbohydrates
62.5 g
Sugars
57.4
Dietary fiber
5.1 g
Fat
0.6 g
Saturated
0.272 g
Monounsaturated
0.181 g
Polyunsaturated
0.059 g
Protein
2.8 g
Tryptophan
0.018 g
Lysine
0.139 g
Methionine
0.014 g
Vitamins
Quantity %DV†
Vitamin A equiv.
0% 2 μg
Vitamin A
30 IU
Thiamine (B1)
37% 0.428 mg
Riboflavin (B2)
13% 0.152 mg
Niacin (B3)
13% 1.938 mg
Pantothenic acid (B5)
3% 0.143 mg
Vitamin B6
5% 0.066 mg
Folate (B9)
4% 14 μg
Choline
2% 8.6 mg
Vitamin C
4% 3.5 mg
Vitamin E
1% 0.1 mg
Vitamin K
3% 2.8 μg
Minerals
Quantity %DV†
Calcium
7% 74 mg
Copper
43% 0.86 mg
Iron
22% 2.8 mg
Magnesium
26% 92 mg
Phosphorus
16% 113 mg
Potassium
13% 628 mg
Selenium
2% 1.3 μg
Sodium
2% 28 mg
Zinc
1% 0.1 mg
Other constituents
Quantity
Water
31.40 g
USDA Database; entry
Units
μg = micrograms • mg = milligrams
IU = International units
†Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults.
Source: USDA Nutrient Database
The fruit pulp is edible. The hard green pulp of a young fruit is considered by many to be too sour, but is often used as a component of savory dishes, as a pickling agent or as a means of making certain poisonous yams in Ghana safe for human consumption.[19] As the fruit matures it becomes sweeter and less sour (acidic) and the ripened fruit is considered more palatable. The sourness varies between cultivars and some sweet tamarind ones have almost no acidity when ripe. In Western cuisine, tamarind pulp is found in Worcestershire Sauce[20] and HP Sauce.
Tamarind paste has many culinary uses including a flavoring for chutnies, curries, and the traditional sharbat syrup drink.[21] Tamarind sweet chutney is popular in India and Pakistan[22] as a dressing for many snacks. Tamarind pulp is a key ingredient in flavoring curries and rice in south Indian cuisine, in the Chigali lollipop, and in certain varieties of Masala Chai tea. Across the Middle East, from the Levant to Iran, tamarind is used in savory dishes, notably meat-based stews, and often combined with dried fruits to achieve a sweet-sour tang.[23][24] In the Philippines, the whole fruit is used as an ingredient in the traditional dish called sinigang to add a unique sour taste, unlike that of dishes that use vinegar instead. Indonesia also has a similarly sour, tamarind-based soup dish called sayur asem.
In Mexico and the Caribbean, the pulp is diluted with water and sugared to make an agua fresca drink.
Tamarind seed oil:
Tamarind seed oil is the oil made from the kernel of tamarind seeds.[25] Isolation of the kernel without the thin but tough shell (or testa) is difficult. Tamarind kernel powder is used as sizing material for textile and jute processing, and in the manufacture of industrial gums and adhesives. It is de-oiled to stabilize its colour and odor on storage.
Composition of tamarind seed kernel:
Composition Original De-oiled
Oil7.6%0.6%
Protein7.6%19.0%
Polysaccharide51.0%55.0%
Crude fiber1.2%1.1%
Total ash3.9%3.4%
Acid insoluble ash0.4%0.3%
Moisture7.1%
The fatty acid composition of the oil is linoleic 46.5%, oleic 27.2%,
and saturated fatty acids 26.4%. The oil is usually bleached after refining.
Fatty acid composition of tamarind kernel oil
Fatty acid(%) Range reported
Lauric acid (C12:0)tr-0.3
Myristic acid (C14:0)tr-0.4
Palmitic acid (C16:0)8.7–14.8
Stearic acid (C18:0)4.4–6.6
Arachidic acid (C20:0)3.7–12.2
Lignoceric acid (C24:0)4.0–22.3
Oleic acid (C18:1)19.6–27.0
Linoleic acid (18:2)7.5–55.4
Linolenic acid (C18:3)2.8–5.6
Cultivation:
Tamarind tree on the site of the founding of Santa Clara, Cuba
Seeds can be scarified or briefly boiled to enhance germination. They retain their germination capability for several months if kept dry.[citation needed]
The tamarind has long been naturalized in Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Philippines, the Caribbean, and the Pacific Islands. Thailand has the largest plantations of the ASEAN nations, followed by Indonesia, Myanmar, and the Philippines. In parts of Southeast Asia, tamarind is called asam.[26] It is cultivated all over India, especially in Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu. Extensive tamarind orchards in India produce 275,500 tons (250,000 MT) annually.[13]
Tamarind flowers:
In the United States, it is a large-scale crop introduced for commercial use, second in net production quantity only to India, mainly in the southern states, notably south Florida, and as a shade tree, along roadsides, in dooryards and in parks.[27]
A traditional food plant in Africa, tamarind has the potential to improve nutrition, boost food security, foster rural development and support sustainable landcare.[28] In Madagascar, its fruit and leaves are a well-known favorite of the ring-tailed lemur, providing as much as 50 percent of their food resources during the year if available.[29]
Folk medicine:
Throughout Southeast Asia, the fruit of the tamarind is used as a poultice applied to foreheads of fever sufferers.[16] The fruit exhibits laxative effects due to its high quantities of malic acid, tartaric acid, and potassium bitartrate. Its use for the relief of constipation has been documented throughout the world.[30][31]
Woodworking:
Tamarind lumber is used to make furniture, carvings, turned objects such as mortars and pestles, chopping blocks, and other small specialty wood items. Tamarind heartwood is reddish brown, sometimes with a purplish hue. The heartwood in tamarind tends to be narrow and is usually only present in older and larger trees. The pale yellow sapwood is sharply demarcated from the heartwood. Heartwood is said to be durable to very durable in decay resistance, and is also resistant to insects. Its sapwood is not durable and is prone to attack by insects and fungi as well as spalting. Due to its density and interlocked grain, tamarind is considered difficult to work. Heartwood has a pronounced blunting effect on cutting edges. Tamarind turns, glues, and finishes well. The heartwood is able to take a high natural polish.[32]
Metal polish:
In homes and temples, especially in Buddhist Asian countries, the fruit pulp is used to polish brass shrine statues and lamps, and copper, brass, and bronze utensils. The copper alone or in brass reacts with moist carbon dioxide to gain a green coat of copper carbonate. Tamarind contains tartaric acid, a weak acid that can remove the coat of copper carbonate. Hence, tarnished copper utensils are cleaned with tamarind or lime, another acidic fruit.[7]
Horticulture:
Throughout South Asia and the tropical world, tamarind trees are used as ornamental, garden, and cash crop plantings. Commonly used as a bonsai species in many Asian countries, it is also grown as an indoor bonsai in temperate parts of the world.[33]
Research:
In hens, tamarind has been found to lower cholesterol in their serum, and in the yolks of the eggs they laid.[34][35] Due to a lack of available human clinical trials, there is insufficient evidence to recommend tamarind for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia or diabetes.[36] Different parts of tamarind (T. indica) are recognized for their various medicinal properties. A previous study reported that the seed, leaf, leaf veins, fruit pulp and skin extracts of tamarind possessed high phenolic content and antioxidant activities.[37] The presence of lupanone and lupeol,[38] catechin, epicatechin, quercetin and isorhamnetin[37] in the leaf extract could have contributed towards the diverse range of the medicinal activities. On the other hand, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) analyses revealed that tamarind seeds contained catechin, procyanidin B2, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, chloramphenicol, myricetin, morin, quercetin, apigenin and kaempferol.[39] The treatment of tamarind leaves on liver HepG2 cells significantly regulated the expression of genes and proteins involved with consequential impact on the coagulation system, cholesterol biosynthesis, xenobiotic metabolism signaling and antimicrobial response.[40]
Historical tamarind
References:
^ Speg. Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 82: 223 1916
^ "Tamarindus indica L." The Plant List. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and the Missouri Botanical Garden. 2013. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
^ Quattrocchi U. (2012). CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology. Boca Raton, Louisiana: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. pp. 3667–3668. ISBN 9781420080445.
^ USDA; ARS; National Genetic Resources Program (February 10, 2005). "Cavaraea Speg". Germplasm Resources Information Network—(GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
^ Borah, Prabalika M. (April 27, 2018). "Here's what you can cook with tender tamarind leaves". The Hindu.
^ Tamarind; Oxford English dictionary
^ a b c Morton, Julia F. (1987). Fruits of Warm Climates. Wipf and Stock Publishers. pp. 115–121. ISBN 978-0-9653360-7-9.
^ Diallo, BO; Joly, HI; McKey, D; Hosaert-McKey, M; Chevallier, MH (2007). "Genetic diversity of Tamarindus indica populations: Any clues on the origin from its current distribution?". African Journal of Biotechnology. 6 (7).
^ Abukakar, MG; Ukwuani, AN; Shehu, RA (2008). "Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Tamarindus indica Pulp Extract". Asian Journal of Biochemistry. 3 (2): 134–138. doi:10.3923/ajb.2008.134.138.
^ Popenoe, W. (1974). Manual of Tropical and Subtropical Fruits. Hafner Press. pp. 432–436.
^ Tamale, E.; Jones, N.; Pswarayi-Riddihough, I. (August 1995). Technologies Related to Participatory Forestry in Tropical and Subtropical Countries. World Bank Publications. ISBN 978-0-8213-3399-0.
^ Tamarind monograph; PDF format; retrieved May 2017
^ a b c d e "Tamarind – Tamarindus indica – van Veen Organics". van Veen Organics. Retrieved June 4, 2017.
^ "Tamarind: a multipurpose tree". DAWN.COM. July 9, 2007. Retrieved June 4, 2017.
^ "Tamarind". Plant Lexica. Retrieved June 4, 2017.
^ a b Doughari, J. H. (December 2006). "Antimicrobial Activity of Tamarindus indica". Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 5 (2): 597–603. doi:10.4314/tjpr.v5i2.14637.
^ "Fact Sheet: Tamarindus indica" (PDF). University of Florida. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
^ Christman, S. "Tamarindus indica". FloriData. Retrieved January 11, 2010.
^ El-Siddig, K. (2006). Tamarind: Tamarindus indica L. ISBN 9780854328598.
^ "BBC Food:Ingredients—Tamarind recipes". BBC. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
^ Azad, Salim (2018). "Tamarindo—Tamarindus indica". In Sueli Rodrigues, Ebenezer de Oliveira Silva, Edy Sousa de Brito (eds.) (eds.). Exotic Fruits. Academic Press. pp. 403–412. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-803138-4.00055-1. ISBN 978-0-12-803138-4.
^ The Complete Asian Cookbook. Tuttle Publishing. 2006. p. 88. ISBN 9780804837576.
^ "Tamarind is the 'sour secret of Syrian cooking'". PRI. July 2014
^ Nathan, Joan (2004). "Georgian Chicken in Pomegranate and Tamarind Sauce". New York Times
^ Tamarind Seeds. agriculturalproductsindia.com
^ "Asam or Tamarind tree (Tamarindus indica) on the Shores of Singapore". www.wildsingapore.com. Retrieved April 14, 2018.
^ "Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations".
^ National Research Council (January 25, 2008). "Tamarind". Lost Crops of Africa: Volume III: Fruits. Lost Crops of Africa. 3. National Academies Press. doi:10.17226/11879. ISBN 978-0-309-10596-5. Retrieved July 17, 2008.
^ "Ring-Tailed Lemur". Wisconsin Primate Research Center. Retrieved November 14, 2016.
^ Havinga, Reinout M.; Hartl, Anna; Putscher, Johanna; Prehsler, Sarah; Buchmann, Christine; Vogl, Christian R. (February 2010). "Tamarindus Indica L. (Fabaceae): Patterns of Use in Traditional African Medicine". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 127 (3): 573–588. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2009.11.028. PMID 19963055.
^ Panthong, A; Khonsung, P; Kunanusorn, P; Wongcome, T; Pongsamart, S (July 2008). "The laxative effect of fresh pulp aqueous extracts of Thai Tamarind cultivars". Planta Medica. 74 (9). doi:10.1055/s-0028-1084885.
^ "Tamarind". The Wood Database. Retrieved December 22, 2016.
^ D'Cruz, Mark. "Ma-Ke Bonsai Care Guide for Tamarindus indica". Ma-Ke Bonsai. Retrieved August 19, 2011.
^ Salma, U.; Miah, A. G.; Tareq, K. M. A.; Maki, T.; Tsujii, H. (April 1, 2007). "Effect of Dietary Rhodobacter capsulatus on Egg-Yolk Cholesterol and Laying Hen Performance". Poultry Science. 86 (4): 714–719. doi:10.1093/ps/86.4.714. PMID 17369543. as well as in egg-yolk (13 and 16%)
^ Chowdhury, SR; Sarker, DK; Chowdhury, SD; Smith, TK; Roy, PK; Wahid, MA (2005). "Effects of dietary tamarind on cholesterol metabolism in laying hens". Poultry Science. 84 (1): 56–60. doi:10.1093/ps/84.1.56. PMID 15685942.
^ "Tamarindus indica". Health Online. Retrieved January 11, 2010.
^ a b Razali, Nurhanani; Mat-Junit, Sarni; Abdul-Muthalib, Amirah Faizah; Subramaniam, Senthilkumar; Abdul-Aziz, Azlina (2012). "Effect of various solvents on the extraction of antioxidant phenolics from the leaves, seeds, veins and skins of Tamarindus indica L.". Food Chemistry. 131 (2): 441–448. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.09.001.
^ Imam, S.; Azhar, I.; Hasan, M. M.; Ali, M. S.; Ahmed, S. W. (2007). "Two triterpenes lupanone and lupeol isolated and identified from Tamarindus indica linn". Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 20 (2): 125–7. PMID 17416567.
^ Razali, N.; Mat Junit, S.; Ariffin, A.; Ramli, N. S.; Abdul Aziz, A. (2015). "Polyphenols from the extract and fraction of T. indica seeds protected HepG2 cells against oxidative stress". BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 15: 438. doi:10.1186/s12906-015-0963-2. PMC 4683930. PMID 26683054.
^ Razali, Nurhanani; Abdul Aziz, Azlina; Lim, Chor Yin; Mat Junit, Sarni (2015). "Investigation into the effects of antioxidant-rich extract of Tamarindus indicaleaf on antioxidant enzyme activities, oxidative stress and gene expression profiles in HepG2 cells". PeerJ. 3: e1292. doi:10.7717/peerj.1292. PMC 4636403. PMID 26557426.
A crappy attempt at product photography, but never mind that, what about the chain lube?
I normally use Muc-Off wet lube - the bottle has a long nozzle which helps getting into pivoty bits of derailleurs, it works well and smells like a brothel cat.
But I was on Wiggle the other day and I thought I'd give this a go, which I think is their own brand jobbie. This bottle thankfully also has the all important long nozzle, but it doesn't smell. It does look like Cherry Aid though, and if drunk would cure constipation no doubt. As a lube though it has been very good so far. It does string on application as you turn the pedals, but wiping off the excess with a rag sees the end of that. It's early days so far, just the two rides on Fatty so far, but they have seen a trip round the muddy woods, several runs through a ford and some flooded bits of road, as well as all the usual puddles and muddy lanes. Unlike the Muc-Off the chain has stayed pretty clean and clear of all the gunk that clings to it normally with the Muc-Off. The cassette is still looking remarkably clean and shiny too, and the lube doesn't appear to have washed off at all. So far then, it all seems pretty good and likely to be my new 'go to' lube.
[syn. Jacquemontia ovalifolia subsp. sandwicensis]
Pāʻūohiʻiaka or Oval-leaf clustervine
Convolvulaceae
Endemic to the Hawaiian Islands
Barber's Point, Oʻahu
White-flowered form
Hawaiian Names
Kākuaohiʻiaka. The word kākua means "to bind or fasten on, as a sarong or belt."
Pāʻuohiʻiaka or Pāʻū o Hiʻiaka is translated to mean "Hiʻiaka's skirt," the goddess sister of Pele.
Dried leaves and stems were made into a tea or mixed with niu (coconut) and eaten by early Hawaiians.
Medicinally, pāʻūohiʻiaka was used to treat babies with thrush (ʻea), as a laxative for lepo paʻa (constipation), and for babies with general weakness (pāʻaoʻao). It also was used to help babies and adults with ʻeha makaʻu (frightening pains or aches). The plant was mixed with kalo (taro) leaves and salt for cuts.
Etymology
The generic name Jacquemontia is named in behalf of Victor Jacquemont (1801-1832), a French geologist and botanical explorer.
The specific epithet sandwicensis refers to the "Sandwich Islands," as the Hawaiian Islands were once called, and named by James Cook on one of his voyages in the 1770s. James Cook named the islands after John Montagu (The fourth Earl of Sandwich) for supporting Cook's voyages.
A card advertising the Artesian Tree, or "the tree that pumps water," in Miami, Florida, circa 1940. The water flowing out of the tree was the result of the pressure from an artesian aquifer underneath it.
On the back of the card is a notarized statement from a woman who was a "chronic sufferer of constipation and bladder trouble." It explains how she avoided the "harsh effects of the many laxatives" she took by drinking Artesian Tree water instead. I'm not sure if this convinced anyone to "Come out and let the tree pump you a glass of health," as it says on the front.
For a colorful postcard of the tree, see The Artesian Tree, Miami, Florida.
The Artesian Tree
1669 S. W. 37th Ave., or Douglas Road
You haven't seen Florida until you see the tree that pumps water.
Come out and let the tree pump you a glass of health.
Near Coliseum. Miami, Florida.
Phone 4-2391
Over
--------
On this 24th day of January, 1940, personally appeared before me Mrs. R. Brady, of 404 S. W. 5th Ave., who said:
I have been a chronic sufferer of constipation and bladder trouble for many years and have tried many remedies. The harsh effects of the many laxatives I have taken made a nervous wreck of me. I was finally persuaded by a friend to try the water from the Artesian Tree and after drinking this water for six weeks, I now feel like a new woman.
I am asking that this be printed as I feel sure others have suffered as much as I have, and I feel this water will help them.
Signed: Mrs. R. Brady
Gabriel Wolpert, notary public. My commission expires Feb. 10, 1943.
Pāpala, Pāpala kēpau
Australasian catchbird tree, Australasian catchbirdtree
Nyctaginaceae (Four O'Clock family)
Indigenous to the Hawaiian Islands (Oʻahu, Molokaʻi, Lānaʻi Maui, and Hawaiʻi Island)
Oʻahu (Cultivated)
Hawaiian Names:
The name pāpala also is used for the native species of Charpentiera.
"Hawaiian Dictionaries" defines kēpau as "lead, pitch, tar, resin, pewter; gum, as on ripe breadfruit; any sticky juice, as of pāpala."
Pāpala kēpau are truly fascinating plants with a sad, but interesting, cultural history. A sinistral use for the sticky fruit was to trap native birds. [6] The captured victims provided feathers for the strikingly colorful cloaks (capes), helmets, lei, images and kāhili. Birds such as 'ō'ō and mamo were plucked of their few moulting yellow feathers and set free to grow more for the next season. However, this was not the case with the 'i'iwi and 'apapane which were covered with red- or green-colored feathers and would not have survived the plucking. They were captured, plucked and eaten.
Medicinally, early Hawaiians used the milky sap from pāpala kēpau was used for cuts. The cooked leaves were used to cure pāʻaoʻao (childhood disease with physical weakening) and for lepo paʻa (constipation).
They also used an adhesive gum from pāpala kēpau for repairing bowls.
Etymology
The former generic name Pisonia is named for William Piso (ca. 1611-1678), Dutch physician, pharmacist, botanist, and early writer on medicinal plants of Brazil.
Regarding the specific epithet "The Names of Plants" makes this comment:
"Brunonia, brunonianus -a -um, brunonis Smaethman’s* name to commemorate Robert Brown (vide infra) (Brunoniaceae) brunonianus -a -um, brunonis -is -e for Robert Brown FRS (1773–1858), English botanist."
* Henry Smeathman (1742–1786) was an English naturalist. He spend four years in and around the Sierra Leone studying the natural history.
Jeniang, Kedah, Malaysia.
Mature nutlets ready to take flight at a slightest wind thrust for seed dispersal. Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist. Asteraceae. CN: Flax-leaf fleabane, Ragweed, Rough conyza, Tall fleabane. Native obscure, but believed from the neotropics; elsewhere naturalized. Herb to 2 m tall. Habitat - clearings and waste ground. Lesser weed. Plant contains spasmogenic and spasmolytic constituents, which explains its medicinal use in constipation and diarrhea.
Synonym(s):
Many; see The Plant List www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/gcc-142320
Ref. and suggested reading:
FRIM Flora Database
www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/gcc-142320
florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/7939
www.cottoncrc.org.au/industry/Publications/Weeds/Weed_Ide...
The Man of Signs or zodiac man diagrams in almanacs associated body parts with astrological signs and calendar dates. This 1878 example promoted Hostetter’s Stomach Bitters throughout its forty-pages. Multiple articles promoted their product for unsettled nerves, insomnia, constipation, fever prevention, indigestion, biliousness, liver complaints, rheumatism, and as a safeguard against illness while traveling. Bitters usually contained water, alcohol, and bad tasting herbs.
Courtesy of Internet Archive
Hey everyone, you know how cool wheatgrass is? I mean super cool. When I was about 10 my parents did this cleanse through a local restaurant and a couple days a week I would tag along to lug back slowly shrinking packages of raw food and watch as they downed a wheatgrass shot. Smelling the stuff and experiencing the distaste on their faces afterwards made me quite confident that I would never ingest such a substance. But...recently I've been doing some research. And I would like to share it so here ya go. If your not a big reader I'm sorry, I won't be afforded if you stop here.
Increases red blood-cell count and lowers blood pressure. It cleanses the blood, organs and gastrointestinal tract of debris. Wheatgrass also stimulates metabolism and the body’s enzyme systems by enriching the blood. It also aids in reducing blood pressure by dilating the blood pathways throughout the body.
Stimulates the thyroid gland, correcting obesity, indigestion, and a host of other complaints.
Restores alkalinity to the blood. The juice’s abundance of alkaline minerals helps reduce over-acidity in the blood. It can be used to relieve many internal pains, and has been used successfully to treat peptic ulcers, ulcerative colitis, constipation, diarrhea, and other complaints of the gastrointestinal tract.
Is a powerful detoxifier, and liver and blood protector. The enzymes and amino acids found in wheatgrass can protect us from carcinogens like no other food or medicine. It strengthens our cells, detoxifies the liver and bloodstream, and chemically neutralizes environmental pollutants.
Fights tumors and neutralizes toxins. Recent studies show that wheatgrass juice has a powerful ability to fight tumors without the usual toxicity of drugs that also inhibit cell-destroying agents. The many active compounds found in grass juice cleanse the blood and neutralize and digest toxins in our cells.
Contains beneficial enzymes. Whether you have a cut finger you want to heal or you desire to lose five pounds…enzymes must do the actual work. The life and abilities of the enzymes found naturally in our bodies can be extended if we help them from the outside by adding exogenous enzymes, like the ones found in wheatgrass juice. Don’t cook it. We can only get the benefits of the many enzymes found in grass by eating it uncooked. Cooking destroys 100 percent of the enzymes in food.
Has remarkable similarity to our own blood. The second important nutritional aspect of chlorophyll is its remarkable similarity to hemoglobin, the compound that carries oxygen in the blood. Dr. Yoshihide Hagiwara, president of the Hagiwara Institute of Health in Japan, is a leading advocate for the use of grass as food and medicine. He reasons that since chlorophyll is soluble in fat particles, and fat particles are absorbed directly into the blood via the lymphatic system, that chlorophyll can also be absorbed in this way. In other words, when the “blood” of plants is absorbed in humans it is transformed into human blood, which transports nutrients to every cell of the body.
When used as a rectal implant, reverses damage from inside the lower bowel. An implant is a small amount of juice held in the lower bowel for about 20 minutes. In the case of illness, wheatgrass implants stimulate a rapid cleansing of the lower bowel and draw out accumulations of debris.
Externally applied to the skin can help eliminate itching almost immediately.
Will soothe sunburned skin and act as a disinfectant. Rubbed into the scalp before a shampoo, it will help mend damaged hair and alleviate itchy, scaly, scalp conditions.
Is soothing and healing for cuts, burns, scrapes, rashes, poison ivy, athlete’s foot, insect bites, boils, sores, open ulcers, tumors, and so on. Use as a poultice and replace every two to four hours.
Works as a sleep aide. Merely place a tray of living wheatgrass near the head of your bed. It will enhance the oxygen in the air and generate healthful negative ions to help you sleep more soundly.
Enhances your bath. Add some to your bath water and settle in for a nice, long soak.
Sweetens the breath and firms up and tightens gums. Just gargle with the juice.
Neutralizes toxic substances like cadmium, nicotine, strontium, mercury, and polyvinyl chloride.
Offers the benefits of a liquid oxygen transfusion since the juice contains liquid oxygen. Oxygen is vital to many body processes: it stimulates digestion (the oxidation of food), promotes clearer thinking (the brain utilizes 25% of the body’s oxygen supply), and protects the blood against anaerobic bacteria. Cancer cells cannot exist in the presence of oxygen.
Turns gray hair to its natural color again and greatly increases energy levels when consumed daily.
Is a beauty treatment that slows down the aging process when the juice is consumed. Wheatgrass will cleanse your blood and help rejuvenate aging cells, slowing the aging process way down, making you feel more alive right away. It will help tighten loose and sagging skin.
Lessens the effects of radiation. One enzyme found in wheatgrass, SOD, lessens the effects of radiation and acts as an anti-inflammatory compound that may prevent cellular damage following heart attacks or exposure to irritants.
Restores fertility and promotes youthfulness.
Can double your red blood cell count just by soaking in it. Renowned nutritionist Dr. Bernard Jensen found that no other blood builders are superior to green juices and wheatgrass. In his book “Health Magic Through Chlorophyll” he mentions several cases where he was able to double the red blood cell count in a matter of days merely by having patients soak in a chlorophyll-water bath. Blood building results occur even more rapidly when patients drink green juices and wheatgrass regularly.
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My brother's wife, Merriam; my mother missing; Merriam's son, John Jr. - c. 1942.
The photo albums that I lost in the 1970s contained many like the one above. My mother, Grace, removed any picture of herself that she did not like, leaving just a hole where she had been.
Family snapshots & formal portraits tend to reveal only socially acceptable aspects of selves. This does not imply that therefore such images are lies. Everyone except the severely mentally disabled is necessarily from childhood onward engaged in acquiring & projecting a persona that is in large degree controlled & maintained so that some share of social rewards are made obtainable. This projected identity is usually as real as any other, & just as honest, but it is never one's whole story.
My mother did not acquire or manage to shape a socially successful image. In almost all encounters with strangers, she began by asking the full date of their birth, & then used the answer to render an unflattering horoscope, intermingled with self-important but wrongheaded statements such as, "We have all of the original copies of Shakespeare's works in our home," topped off with a confusing mixture of quickly changing facial expressions indicating shyness, arrogance & apprehension, & if the stranger was an attractive male more than a little come-hither-with-me seduction.
In the 1920s my mother, Grace, became anemic, which became pernicious anemia, a serious, nerve damaging & exhausting condition for which no effective treatment existed at the time, other than eating liver & other iron rich foods, which perhaps helped her a little. The condition's cause was unknown, but months & years of living on soda crackers & mere nibbles of other foods when with Patrick, her husband & my father, probably contributed. My father ate well enough in restaurants, while at home my mother divided a single egg between me & my brother, eating none of it herself.
At some point in the '20s Grace became addicted to paregoric, a camphorated tincture of opium then available over the counter in any drug store for use, among other things, as an analgesic. I assume she began taking it to obtain some relief from unbearable joint & muscle pain that anemics experience when moving about or performing everyday chores. Unfortunately, although paregoric is a mild narcotic which most people tolerate well, Grace did not. During the 20 or more years she used the drug heavily, she was constipated, dizzy & frequently got tremors between doses. To control constipation she drank at least one 10 oz. bottle of mineral oil every day.
When she missed a dose & developed tremors so severe that she could not pour it into a tablespoon, I administered it to her. Just when the addiction began is unknown to me, but probably in the 1920s. Around 1943 her father, DM, offered her $10,000 to stop (equal to over $124,000 today). Somehow, she did stop, but continued drinking mineral oil a bottle at a time for many years.
However, all of those things aside, my mother adored children & showered them with care & affection, much of which was playful because she was herself a child.
We are all most comfortable with those who do not judge us, & she seldom experienced such comfort with any adult. I'll say something about my father, Patrick, elsewhere, but at times Grace surely felt freed of judgment when with him. Her mother & father looked down on him, & after she married him came quickly to hate him. DM, her father, saw & spoke with Patrick only once. Patrick rang the bell at the door of the great house to announce intent to wed Grace. The butler informed DM who was at the door, & DM came downstairs, entered the vestibule where my father was waiting, & said, before turning away forever & going back upstairs, "You are an Irishman, a Catholic, & you do not own a dime."
I do not think DM was wrong. Bigoted against the Irish, no doubt (as then was almost every American not Irish), but correct in his assessment that the marriage would not be one made in heaven. Nor do I believe that all could have been made better had DM supported the marriage with his considerable wealth. Still, DM might have tried. The thing is, I do not know all that passed between DM, his wife, Mary, & Patrick. I do know that my father pawned all of Grace's jewelry without asking (& never retrieved it), accosted Mary in the street calling her vile names, that he & 3 of his companions broke into the house & did damage, & that he permanently affected Robert's eyesight (my mother's elder brother) by pouring a gallon of lead based paint over his head (something Robert may have deserved, I should add).
Grace & Patrick married & divorced three times.
File name: 10_03_001134a
Binder label: Medical
Title: Carter's Little Liver Pills - sick headache. Biliousness. Constipation. Bad complexion. (front)
Created/Published: N. Y. : Stahl & Clause
Date issued: 1870-1900 (approximate)
Physical description: 1 print : chromolithograph ; 14 x 10 cm.
Subject: Men; Patent medicines
Notes: Title from item. Item verso is blank.
Collection: 19th Century American Trade Cards
Location: Boston Public Library, Print Department
Rights: No known restrictions.
This is a new herb in my herb garden.
For thousands of years, blue vervain has been used as an herbal remedy. The Chinese used this herb to treat malaria, dysentery, and congestion. It was also used during the middle Ages to help cure plagues. Blue vervain was also used by Native Americans as a natural tranquilizer for treating nervous conditions, along with female problems. In Germany, modern research has been found to support the use of blue vervain for the nervous system and for pain relief.
Because of its bitter taste, vervain is used by herbalists to improve digestion. Additionally, this herb was used to treat people with depression and spastic pains in the gastrointestinal tract. Blue vervain was also used as a mild diaphoretic and for all manner of female reproductive system problems that are associated with melancholy or anxiety. Physicians in the United States during the early 20th century believed that vervain may be helpful for mild digestive problems. This herb also had a reputation of being a traditional remedy for stimulating the production of breast milk. Although the active constituents of vervain have not been thoroughly demonstrated, it is believed that glycosides such as verbenalin and acucubin, as well as a volatile oil may be the key contributors to its activity.
Additional research shows that blue vervain has pain-relieving and anti-inflammatory properties that can help to relieve respiratory inflammation. These properties are also calming for coughs. This herb works to fight mucus, especially for coughs that are associated with colds. Dr. Edward E. Shook, a herbalist, recommended using blue vervain to treat all diseases of the spleen and liver. This herb is also used to restore circulation and alleviate menstrual symptoms, epilepsy, indigestion, and dyspepsia.
A vervain tea made from leaves and flowers can be prepared by adding one to two teaspoons to a pint of hot water. This is then left to steep, covered for ten to fifteen minutes. Doctors typically recommend that a person takes three cups each day. Because the taste of the tea is somewhat disagreeable, the majority of people prefer to take this extract in a tincture or pill form. A tincture of one to two teaspoons, three times daily, is also suggested to consume this extract.
No adverse effects of vervain have been reported to this date. However, vervain should be avoided during pregnancy. Even though it was used traditionally during the last two weeks of pregnancy to facilitate labor, if it is used during pregnancy, one should only do so under the guidance of a healthcare professional that is experienced in herbal medicine.
The entire herb is used to provide alterative, anti-inflammatory, antiperiodic, antispasmodic, diaphoretic, expectorant, nervine, and purgative properties. The primary nutrients found in blue vervain include calcium, manganese, and vitamin C and E. Primarily, blue vervain is extremely beneficial in dealing with asthma, bronchitis, poor circulation, colds, colon problems, congestion, convulstions, coughs, fevers, flu, gastric disorders, indigestion, insomnia, liver disorders, lung congestion, nervous conditions, pneumonia, seizures, upset stomach, sore throat, uterine problems, and worms.
Additionally, this herb is extremely helpful in treating catarrh, constipation, diarrhea, dysentery, earaches, epilepsy, gallstones, headaches, kidney problems, malaria, menstrual symptoms, excessive mucus, pain, skin diseases, sores, and spleen ailments. For additional information on the many beneficial effects of blue vervain, please contact a representative from your local health food store. Always purchase name brands to ensure quality and purity of the product you buy.
This is the fruit of Ecballium elaterium. The name in Hebrew is "Donkey’s spit", and I'll tell you why:
The fruit is composed out of a stem, and oval ball. The ball contains juices and seeds, and as the fruit matures, it builds a very high pressure of juices inside.
When the fruit is ripe, it becomes a bit yellow, and the connection between the ball and the stem becomes very fragile. A slight touch or shake to that structure will cause the ball explode and to break from the stem, and the trapped juices inside will burst out in high pressure. This mechanism can spit the seeds out of the fruit for a distance of at least 6 meters.
At first they wanted to call it “Donkey’s ejaculation”, but they changed their minds…
The plant’s juice is poisonous. It was used to treat Jaundice, skin infections, skin-fungi, ear infections and constipation. It is also useful against dripping nose… I didn’t check it myself. Didn’t have Jaundice yet ;-))
Ecballium elaterium
ירוקת-חמור מצויה
Secretos de Radiación. Es el proyecto con el que pretendo reflejar el deterioro físico y mental que sufren las mujeres que han recibido radiación por cáncer de cérvix y el deterior por efectos secundarios al tratamiento, el cual les salva la vida pero deja una gran huella en su cuerpo y mente. Esta marchitación interna les ocasiona una gran variedad de problemas como: resequedad, piel sensible, estreñimiento, sangrados, falta de lubricación y más. Ellas pierden su sexualidad al no poder intimar con su pareja, lo cual les lleva a cuestionar su cuerpo y persona lo que se convierte en un problema mental. Las mujeres que han pasado por esto por lo general cargan el problema en silencio y sin ayuda. Hay que poner la luz en esta situación y ver la forma de brindarles la información y ayuda adecuada.
Secrets of Radiation. It is the project that I intend to reflect the physical and mental deterioration suffered by women who have received radiation from cervical cancer and the deterioration due to side effects to the treatment, which saves their lives but leaves a great imprint on their body and mind . This internal wilting causes a great variety of problems such as: dryness, sensitive skin, constipation, bleeding, lack of lubrication and more. They lose their sexuality by not being able to intimate with their partner, which leads them to question their body and person which becomes a mental problem. Women who have gone through this usually carry the problem silently and unaided. We must put the light on this situation and see how we can provide them with the right information and help.
Secretos de Radiación. Es el proyecto con el que pretendo reflejar el deterioro físico y mental que sufren las mujeres que han recibido radiación por cáncer de cérvix y el deterior por efectos secundarios al tratamiento, el cual les salva la vida pero deja una gran huella en su cuerpo y mente. Esta marchitación interna les ocasiona una gran variedad de problemas como: resequedad, piel sensible, estreñimiento, sangrados, falta de lubricación y más. Ellas pierden su sexualidad al no poder intimar con su pareja, lo cual les lleva a cuestionar su cuerpo y persona lo que se convierte en un problema mental. Las mujeres que han pasado por esto por lo general cargan el problema en silencio y sin ayuda. Hay que poner la luz en esta situación y ver la forma de brindarles la información y ayuda adecuada.
Secrets of Radiation. It is the project that I intend to reflect the physical and mental deterioration suffered by women who have received radiation from cervical cancer and the deterioration due to side effects to the treatment, which saves their lives but leaves a great imprint on their body and mind . This internal wilting causes a great variety of problems such as: dryness, sensitive skin, constipation, bleeding, lack of lubrication and more. They lose their sexuality by not being able to intimate with their partner, which leads them to question their body and person which becomes a mental problem. Women who have gone through this usually carry the problem silently and unaided. We must put the light on this situation and see how we can provide them with the right information and help.
Sometimes the optimism, the positive outlook and everything good in the world fails you.
You clench your jaw and strain to smile through the pain . . . but you end up looking like a escaped mental patient with a bit of constipation.
"I'm done." Those two words I can't seem to extract from my brain even though I know in crystal clear clarity I'm not done and all of this is far from over. Transitions aren't always easy. Fight it less and surrender more.
In our heavily medicated society the standard seems to swallow it down with a pill . . . . So instead I weeded the vegetable garden. When I was done and smelling of fresh dirt and tomatoes I was left with a contentedness and willingness to take on another day.