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Gustave Courbet
Ornans (Doubs), 1819 - La Tour-de-Peilz (Suisse), 1877
Le Sommeil (1866)
Huile sur Toile
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“Le Sommeil” (ou Les Dormeuses) est une œuvre célèbre de Gustave Courbet, réalisée en 1866. Cette peinture à l’huile sur toile mesure environ 135 × 200 cm et est conservée au Petit Palais à Paris.
Présentation de l’œuvre
Titre : Le Sommeil
Artiste : Gustave Courbet
Date : 1866
Technique : Huile sur toile
Dimensions : 135 × 200 cm
Lieu de conservation : Petit Palais (Paris), collection privée prêtée à l’institution
Description
L’œuvre représente deux femmes nues allongées dans un lit, enlacées après l’amour. Leur position suggère une grande intimité, avec un fort accent mis sur la sensualité et le naturel des corps. Le drapé, les textures, et la lumière participent à une atmosphère feutrée et voluptueuse. Un bracelet brisé et une perle tombée sur le drap évoquent un abandon passionnel.
Contexte
Courbet a peint cette œuvre à la demande d’un commanditaire turc, Khalil-Bey, collectionneur d’art érotique. Le tableau s’inscrit dans une série de peintures aux thèmes sexuels, parmi lesquelles figure aussi le célèbre L’Origine du monde (1866).
Réception
À son époque, Le Sommeil a choqué par sa représentation explicite d’un couple lesbien, ce qui était considéré comme scandaleux. L’œuvre fut longtemps tenue cachée et montrée uniquement dans des cercles privés.
Aujourd’hui, elle est reconnue comme un chef-d’œuvre du réalisme et de la peinture érotique du XIXe siècle.
Analyse stylistique détaillée :
1.
Le réalisme sensuel : naturalisme des corps
Courbet, figure majeure du réalisme, rejette l’idéalisation académique. Ici, les deux corps féminins sont traités avec une grande attention aux détails physiques : plis de la peau, courbes naturelles, formes charnelles – loin des canons de beauté classiques. Le traitement de la chair est vivant, presque tactile, avec des touches de lumière qui épousent les volumes.
Textures riches : la peau des femmes contraste avec les draps soyeux et les étoffes travaillées (coussin brodé, couverture en dentelle).
Réalisme minutieux : on observe les plis du drap, les cheveux épars, les perles tombées — autant de détails qui ancrent la scène dans un quotidien crédible.
2.
La composition intimiste : un huis clos corporel
La composition est fermée, centrée sur les deux corps enlacés. Le cadre est serré, sans ouverture sur l’extérieur — accentuant la sensation d’intimité et de repli. Le regard du spectateur est guidé vers le point de contact des corps et des visages.
Disposition diagonale : les corps forment une diagonale douce qui crée un mouvement visuel fluide.
Absence de perspective profonde : l’arrière-plan est presque inexistant, ce qui renforce l’effet de proximité et d’enfermement.
3.
Lumière et ambiance : sensualité feutrée
La lumière est douce, tamisée, comme filtrée à travers un rideau. Elle éclaire les chairs sans dureté, renforçant l’idée d’un moment suspendu dans une atmosphère de repos post-coïtal.
Clair-obscur doux : Courbet module la lumière pour accentuer les volumes sans dramatiser la scène.
Palette chaude et nacrée : les tons dominants sont chair, rose, crème et brun, accentuant la chaleur du lit et l’intimité de la scène.
4.
Symbolisme discret et ambiguïté
Bien que réaliste, le tableau contient des éléments symboliques subtils :
Le bracelet cassé et les perles dispersées peuvent symboliser la perte de retenue, l’abandon charnel ou une sexualité « hors norme » pour l’époque.
L’absence d’homme dans la scène (et dans la narration) est aussi un geste subversif. L’amour lesbien n’est ni caricaturé ni idéalisé : il est montré comme naturel, sensuel et apaisé.
5.
Position dans l’œuvre de Courbet
Courbet cherchait à choquer les convenances bourgeoises tout en explorant de nouveaux champs de représentation. Le Sommeil s’inscrit dans cette veine transgressive. Ce n’est pas une simple scène érotique : c’est aussi une revendication du droit à représenter ce qui existe mais ne se montre pas.
Il s’éloigne ici des grandes compositions sociales ou des paysages de la nature sauvage qu’on lui connaît aussi, pour se recentrer sur le corps comme territoire pictural à part entière.
CES PHOTOS NE SONT PAS À VENDRE ET NE PEUVENT PAS ÊTRE REPRODUITES, MODIFIÉES, REDIFFUSÉES, EXPLOITÉES COMMERCIALEMENT OU RÉUTILISÉES DE QUELQUE MANIÈRE QUE CE SOIT.
UNIQUEMENT POUR LE PLAISIR DES YEUX.
sasrai-Movement’s sasrai Day, Earth Day, World Environment Day Slogan
If resources are preserved, happiness will be conserved.
Saving resources mean - saving the planet.
Use renewable fuels - reduce global warming.
Consume local Product - contribute to environmental preservation.
Eat more native fruits, plant more native trees
Save environment and nature – save happiness of the future generation.
Keep rivers, lakes, ponds, water body Clean - fill life with happiness
Make sure environment is healthy, ensure smooth development.
Plant native trees - in Country, Community, towns, ports and cities
Make sure environment is green, ensure pure peace.
Clogging hill cutting will stop water logging.
Stop building heaps of polythene bags – start building clean city
Elderly, children and youngster will be preserving everywhere.
In workplace, society and family, everyone will be environment friendly.
We will be preserving – happiness will be everlasting.
sasrai-Movement series Presentation in Observance of sasrai Day, Earth Day, Faith Climate Action Week, World Health Day, World Environment Day
sasrai Day –01 Boishakh/April 14 Appeal
Save Forest – Save Water – Save Earth & Life ensure Habitable Earth for Each
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Mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish declined 52%
56 acres of Planet’s forests destroyed every minute
Half of Planet’s wildlife species lost last 40 years
Freshwater species decreased by an alarming 76 percent
Water and food are interdependent
One litre of water to produce one calorie of food
We will fail to feed the world until we fix the water crisis
The world’s thirst for water will grow by 50%. By 2030
https://www.facebook.com/fgaleeb/media_set?set=a.1708192856103255.1073741884.100007376703347&type=3&pnref=story
sasrai-Movement series Presentation in Observance of sasrai Day, Earth Day, Faith Climate Action Week, World Health Day, World Environment Day
sasrai Day –01 Boishakh/April 14 Appeal
Save Forest – Save Water – Save Earth & Life ensure Habitable Earth for Each
•Bangladesh has planned furnish the in Naba Barsha Dish Excluding National Fish Hilsha
•New Study Proves That People Who Don’t Believe In Climate Change Are Morons
•Global warming may be far worse than thought, cloud analysis suggests
•Global Fisheries Are Collapsing -- What Happens When There Are No Fish Left?
•Seas could rise higher than predicted, drenching coastal cities - study
•New York and London could be underwater within DECADES: Scientists say devastating climate change will take place sooner than thought
•6 Colorado Teenagers File Appeal in Fracking and Climate Lawsuit
•Scientists Warn Drastic Climate Impacts Coming Much Sooner Than Expected
•Drilling-induced earthquakes may endanger millions in 2016, USGS says
•Montreal Makes Plans To Ban All Plastic Water Bottles
•Climate Change Will Ruin Hawaii, New Study Suggests
•Global warming to scorch past milestone in 2047, study predicts
•Ocean acidity already crossed threshhold
•Every year after 2047 to be hotter than record-setting 2005, scientists predict
•Worst Mediterranean drought in 900 years has human fingerprints all over it
•Eating Less Meat Could Save 5 Million Lives, Cut Carbon Emissions by 33%
•‘We Have A Global Emergency,’ Must Slash CO2 ASAP
sasrai Day –01 Boishakh/April 14 Appeal
Save Forest – Save Water – Save Earth & Life ensure Habitable Earth for Each
650 million people, even the water they are able to find is unsafe
Water crises are among the top risks to global economic growth
Growing cities, populations, changing climate placing pressures on water
Every minute a newborn dies from infection caused by a lack of safe water and environment
42% of healthcare facilities in Africa do not have access to safe water.
Developing countries half occupied poor water, sanitation and hygiene caused disease
Around 315,000 children under-five die every year caused by dirty water and poor sanitation
That's 900 children per day or one child every two minutes.
2.3 billion people do not have access to adequate sanitation, one in three of the world's population.
In Africa, an estimated 40 billion working hours are spent fetching water
Water in Accra, Ghana, costs three times as much as in New York.
Dhaka’s water tariff of Tk 6.99 per 1,000 litres ‘lowest in the world’.
The biggest threat to the present Planet Earth is Rapid Running Out of the Resources (RRR).
sasrai-Movement must be the Central to Realizing Sustainable Global Development
Ensure Peace, Justice, Dignity, Rights, Prosperity, Security for Each
No matter Climate Changing or Not, Ice Melting or Not – We must stop Consumption Competition
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Conserved early '80s italian road bike, original paint and decals. Frame Columus SL.
Campagnolo Super Record Titanio complete group.
Cinelli old logo handlebar and pipe.
San Marco squadra corse leather saddle.
Mavic GP7 rims.
Photos: Gianni Mazzotta
Conserved remains of a gothique castle, founded in early 14th Century. It stood on the rebel side in the Hussite side, but its owner switched sides in the last phase of the conflict, and the castle was unsuccesfuly besieged by Hussites in 1434. The owning lord is mentioned a few weeks later as one of the knights, who decided the battle of Lipany, in which the Hussites were definitely crushed. The castle was used together with a newly built baroque manor until 1621, when both were plundered and burned down by imperial soldiers. The manor was quickly restored, but the castle was abandoned, and parts of it were systematically demolished, after the whole county was sold to a enterpreneur. When his son, after he inherited the castle, is elevated to a noble in 1865, he sees himslef to be a successor to the knight tradition of the castle, stops its destruction and begins conservation efforts. In the communist era the ruin was statically conserved in the then-typical way, which was not the most sensitive, it was returned together with the manor to their last owners in 1990ies, and is freely accessible today, with deep cellars and tight tunnels undergrounds.
An awareness sanctuary advocating the preservation of the Spanish Colonial Horse, photography, nature, roleplay, animals,and memories.
•Website: matolutasanctuary.blogspot.com/
Visit this location at Matoluta Sanctuary -Conserve Freedom- in Second Life
Visitors attend an open house exhibition of the 75 year anniversary of Gracie Mansion Conservancy at Gracie Mansion. First Lady Chirlane McCray surprised a few guests with a photo line on Sunday, March 5th, 2017. Edwin J. Torres/Mayoral Photo Office.
Conserved remains of a gothique castle, founded in early 14th Century. It stood on the rebel side in the Hussite side, but its owner switched sides in the last phase of the conflict, and the castle was unsuccesfuly besieged by Hussites in 1434. The owning lord is mentioned a few weeks later as one of the knights, who decided the battle of Lipany, in which the Hussites were definitely crushed. The castle was used together with a newly built baroque manor until 1621, when both were plundered and burned down by imperial soldiers. The manor was quickly restored, but the castle was abandoned, and parts of it were systematically demolished, after the whole county was sold to a enterpreneur. When his son, after he inherited the castle, is elevated to a noble in 1865, he sees himslef to be a successor to the knight tradition of the castle, stops its destruction and begins conservation efforts. In the communist era the ruin was statically conserved in the then-typical way, which was not the most sensitive, it was returned together with the manor to their last owners in 1990ies, and is freely accessible today, with deep cellars and tight tunnels undergrounds.
Mary and the baby Jesus with Angels watching over them.
The present construction was begun in 1986 and continues today with work to repair and conserve the masonry and glazing of the Cathedral. The present Long Term Plan is projecting a completion in 2015 when the exterior elements of the Repair Programme will be totally finished.
Salisbury Cathedral was built in just 38 years (AD1220-1258). It has Britain's tallest spire (123m/404ft) which was built between AD1310-1333 adding another 6,500 tons to the 518 tons already there (the lead roof alone weighed 420 tons). The spire now leans 69.85cm (27.5ins) to the south and 44.44cm (17.5ins) to the west. Salisbury Cathedral has Europe's oldest working clock (AD1386), now situated in the north nave aisle.
There are 67 statues on the West Front. A dead rat which carried traces of arsenic was found inside the skull of William Longespée when his tomb was opened centuries later
Weakened by his defeat by the French in 1214 and keen to avoid a civil war he feared losing, King John met the barons at Runnymede (between Windsor and Staines in Southern England) on 15 June 1215 and agreed the terms of the document now known as Magna Carta. Its content, driven by the concerns of barons and church, was designed to re-balance power between the King and his subjects. When King John set his seal on Magna Carta he conceded the fundamental principle that even as king he was not above the law.
Magna Carta (Latin for "Great Charter") 1215 is one of the most celebrated documents in English history. At the time it was the solution to a political crisis in Medieval England but its importance has endured as it has become recognised as a cornerstone of liberty influencing much of the civilized world.
A visit to view the best preserved original Magna Carta in the Chapter House is for many visitors the highlight of their time at Salisbury Cathedral.
Magna Carta contains 63 clauses written in Latin on parchment. Only three of the original clauses in Magna Carta are still law today. One defends the freedom and rights of the English Church, another confirms the liberties and customs of London and other towns, but the third is the most famous:
'No free man shall be seized or imprisoned, or stripped of his rights or possessions, or outlawed or exiled. Nor will we proceed with force against him except by the lawful judgement of his equals or by the law of the land. To no one will we sell, to no one deny or delay right or justice.'
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Featured speakers:
-Greg Siekaniec
-Dr. Sylvia Earle
-Dr. Douglas Brinkley
Alchemy, the business strategy consulting firm, was on hand at the Conserving the Future conference to help visually map out the future of conservation.
Comparative phylogenies of the conserved elongation factor EF1 ? and the BIK1.Maximum likelihood phylogenies from alignments of the protein sequences were estimated using the PhyML program with the substitution model WAG and a number of bootstraps of 100 [52] (www.phylogeny.fr). A. Phylogeny of EF1? represents the evolution of fungal species. Selected proteins are from Botrytis cinerea (BROAD: BC1G_09492.1), Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (GenBank: EDO03042.1), Fusarium verticillioides (BROAD: FVEG_02381.3), Fusarium oxysporum (GenBank: EGU83230.1), Fusarium fujikuroi (B. Tudzynski, unpublished data), Fusarium graminearum (BROAD: FGSG_08811.3), Podospora anserina (NCBI: XP_001907437.1), Aspergillus oryzae (GenBank: BAA76296.1), Aspergillus niger (NCBI: XP_001398942.1), Ajellomyces capsulatus (GenBank: AAB17119.1), Coccidioides immitis (GenBank: AAK54650.1), Schizosaccharomyces pombe (NCBI: NP_594440.1), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (GenBank: AAA34585.1). B. Phylogeny of BIK1 indicates a non-vertical inheritance. Selected proteins are from the pink B. cinerea strain 1750 (EMBL: HE802550), F. fujikuroi (GenBank: CAB92399.1), F. oxysporum (BROAD: FOXG_04757), and F. verticillioides (BROAD: FVEG_03379). The PKS sequence from A. niger (JGI: ANG51499) was used to root the tree.
Le théâtre d'Épidaure a été édifié au IVe siècle av. J.-C. ou au début du IIIe siècle av. J.-C. pour accueillir les Asclépiéia (ou jeux asclépiens), concours en l'honneur du dieu médecin Asclépios. Il a servi de modèle à de nombreux autres théâtres grecs.
Le théâtre d'Épidaure est le mieux conservé et passe pour le plus accompli de tous les théâtres grecs antiques. Probablement construit au début du iiie siècle av. J.-C.1, il est parvenu jusqu'à nous dans un état exceptionnel. Les gradins de calcaire gris, presque tous d'origine, n'ont été restaurés que sur les deux ailes.
Le koilon, qui signifie le « creux », appelé aussi cavea en latin, formant l'ensemble des sièges des spectateurs, se développe en un hémicycle de 55 rangées de gradins, divisé en deux niveaux par un couloir appelé diazôma. Il était constitué, à l'origine, de 34 volées de gradins, pouvant accueillir 6 200 spectateurs répartis sur 12 sections (kerkidès) séparées par 13 escaliers. Le niveau supérieur, ajouté au IIe siècle av. J.-C., compte 21 gradins et 22 kerkidès. La capacité du théâtre se trouva ainsi portée à 12 000 spectateurs1. Il a été remarqué que les rapports entre les nombres de ces gradins des deux niveaux encadrent le nombre d'or (34/21 = 55/34 = 1,61..). Le sommet des gradins, d'un rayon de 58 m, se trouve situé à 22,50 m au-dessus de l'orchestra.
Des sièges d'honneur en pierre, pourvus de dossiers, occupent le premier rang (proédria), tout autour de l'orchestra. Lors de la construction, l'orchestra circulaire de terre battue, de 20,28 m de diamètre, circonscrite par des dalles de marbre, accueillait les acteurs aussi bien que le chœur des danseurs et des musiciens. La scène (skènè) quadrangulaire, dont on distingue encore les soubassements, fut ajoutée par la suite, ainsi que l'avant-scène (proskénion), avec ses 14 colonnes. Les portes d'entrée monumentales (parodoi) ont été reconstituées1.
L'acoustique du théâtre d’Épidaure est justement renommée. Le moindre son produit au bas des gradins se propage jusqu'aux rangées supérieures. Les visiteurs en font traditionnellement l'expérience par des chuchotements, une chute de pièce de monnaie ou une allumette craquée en plein centre de l'orchestra, là où se trouve une dalle circulaire, réputée pour être l'autel (thymélé) du dieu Dionysos.
(Wikipedia)
The theatre of Epidaurus was built in the 4th or early 3rd century BC to host the Asclepia (or Asclepian Games), a competition in honour of the physician god Asclepius. It served as a model for many other Greek theatres.
The theatre of Epidaurus is the best preserved and is considered the most accomplished of all ancient Greek theatres. It was probably built in the early 2nd century BC1 and has survived in exceptional condition. The grey limestone tiers, almost all of which are original, have only been restored on the two wings.
The koilon, which means "hollow", also called cavea in Latin, forming the spectators' seats, develops into a hemicycle of 55 rows of stands, divided into two levels by a corridor called diazôma. Originally, it consisted of 34 flights of tiers, which could accommodate 6,200 spectators in 12 sections (kerkides) separated by 13 staircases. The upper level, added in the 2nd century BC, had 21 tiers and 22 kerkides. The capacity of the theatre was thus increased to 12,000 spectators1. It has been noted that the ratios between the numbers of these tiers on both levels are within the golden ratio (34/21 = 55/34 = 1.61..). The top of the tiers, with a radius of 58 m, is located 22.50 m above the orchestra.
Stone seats of honour with backrests were placed in the first row (proedria) around the orchestra. At the time of construction, the circular clay orchestra, 20.28 m in diameter, was enclosed by marble slabs and was used for the actors as well as the chorus of dancers and musicians. The quadrangular stage (skènè), the foundations of which can still be seen, was added later, as was the proscenium with its 14 columns. The monumental entrance doors (parodoi) have been reconstructed1.
The acoustics of the theatre of Epidaurus are justly renowned. The slightest sound produced at the bottom of the stands is transmitted to the upper rows. Visitors traditionally experience this through whispers, a falling coin or a cracked match in the centre of the orchestra, where there is a circular slab, reputed to be the altar (thymel) of the god Dionysus.
"All tenants must turn off lights after business hours"
Dixie Square Mall -- Harvey, IL -- 6/26/11 -- Polaroid SX-70 A1 w/ 600 Film (exp 05/09)
The balustrade of the palace has been remodeled, conserving the murals by Diego Rivera that adorn the main stairwell and the walls of the second floor.
In the stairwell is a mural depicting the history of Mexico from 1521 to 1930 and covers an area of 450 m2. These murals were painted between 1929 and 1935, jointly titled "The Epic of the Mexican People". The work is divided like a triptych with each being somewhat autonomous. The right-hand wall contains murals depicting pre-Hispanic Mexico and centers around the life of the Aztec god Quetzalcoatl.
In the middle and largest panel, the Conquest is depicted with its ugliness, such as rape and torture, as well as priests defending the rights of the indigenous people. The battle for independence occupies the uppermost part of this panel in the arch. The American and French invasions are represented below this, as well as the Reform period and the Revolution.
The left-hand panel is dedicated to early and mid-20th century, criticizing the status quo and depicting a Marxist kind of utopia.
Diego also painted 11 panels on the middle floor, such as the "Tianguis of Tlatelolco" (tianguis means "market"), and the "Arrival of Hernán Cortés in Veracruz".
My page about Mexico City on VirtualTourist: members.virtualtourist.com/m/a8215/e9cb4/
My playlist about Mexico City on my Youtube channel containing 18 videos
www.youtube.com/watch?v=yWI-hjqRF24&list=SPD1C71F63FD...
5 min 01 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=yWI-hjqRF24 Moscow-Paris-Mexico City flight with Adelita HD
3 min 39 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=ifVqW7GLGqM Mexico City around by bus part 1
4 min 02 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=BjE2Ee6T2Po Mexico City around by bus part 2
2 min 48 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=vY3jqm38UGs Mexico City Melia Reforma Hotel part 1
4 min 25 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=6QNq1trJTsM Mexico City around by bus part 3
3 min 02 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=dDRH8YohP2A Mexico City Melia Reforma Hotel part 2
2 min 41 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=W-AQXc9KCOI Mexico City around part 4
5 min 29 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ln5fyBSB3fI Mexico City National Palace Diego Rivera part 1
2 min 14 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ais3bJg_EXw Mexico City National Palace part 2
3 min 25 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaF46jNGj3E Mexico City Metropolitan
5 min 18 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=1gD1z9vRvjM Mexico City around part 5
1 min 24 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=rThp9iYybzk Mexico City Metropolitan Tabernacle
2 min 42 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=EMAKdiKiI50 Mexico City around part 6
9 min 57 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q-K8qaKm3MU Mexico City Anthropology Museum
5 min 16 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=6JuLRtFlOT4 Mexico City Melia Reforma Hotel part 3
0 min 49 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zbAKjBSFT4 Mexico City Templo Mayor
10 min 51 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=ULchjze3-38 Mexico City around part 7
8 min 57 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gb__3VmpRrE Mexico City around part 8.
Des stalles du château de Gaillon sont conservées dans la basilique Saint-Denis près de Paris. Ce château était la résidence de loisir des archevêques de Rouen. Commandées au début du XVIe siècle par Georges d’Amboise, ces stalles ont été construites lorsque cet archevêque, devenu légat du pape et premier conseiller de Louis XII a fait transformer le château médiéval en palais de la Renaissance. Seules stalles en France à présenter de nombreux panneaux de marqueterie et une iconographie inédite, elles forment un mobilier unique, chef-d’œuvre de cette période charnière entre gothique et Renaissance, arborant une grande mixité de styles. Ces stalles sont les chaires qui étaient destinées aux trois chanoines qui officiaient dans la chapelle haute du château de Gaillon, dédiée à saint Georges. Elles étaient ceintes d’une clôture en boiset constituaient ainsi le chœur liturgique de l'édifice.
Les stalles en chêne sont composées de deux rangées disposées côté nord et sud du transept de la basilique de Saint-Denis. La rangée nord présente un ensemble de six stalles, la rangée sud de cinq stalles et une isolée. Seules douze stalles ont été créées au XVIe siècle alors que le programme iconographique en prévoyait quatorze. De 2,83 m de haut, elles composées d’un siège et d’un dorsal, ce dernier comprenant deux registres : un bas-relief surmontant un panneau de marqueterie. Tous les éléments sont sculptés ou marquetés. De manière unique, les dossiers, les dorsaux et les voussures des dais sont galbés. De même les chaires ont des largeurs variées, fixées par celles des bas-reliefs des dorsaux. Pour s’adapter, les largeurs d’autres composants ont été rectifiées. La mixité de style se retrouve dans la globalité, les interdorsaux et deux dais étant gothiques alors que les faibles reliefs sont apparentés aux grotesques de la Renaissance, les bas-reliefs et les marqueteries des dorsaux étant quant à eux à la fois d’inspiration péninsulaire et septentrionale.
Sont illustrées sur les bas-reliefs originaux des dorsaux deux scènes de la vie d’Anne et Joachim, parents de la vierge Marie, cinq scènes de la vie de saint Jean-Baptiste le précurseur et sept scènes de la vie de saint Georges selon les textes d’Évangile ou de la Légende dorée. Nombre d’autres saints sont présentés en pied, sous forme de statuettes sur les interdorsaux ou de bas-reliefs sur les soubassements des jouées, notamment les quatre évangélistes sur ces derniers. Sur les panneaux marquetés des quadrants des parcloses sont figurées les affres des enfers des condamnés selon les sept péchés capitaux, avec les planètes et leurs influences. Les représentations sont inspirées des gravures du Calendrier des bergers imprimé à cette époque.
Les miséricordes figurent des scènes des Métamorphoses d’Ovide ainsi que les arts libéraux selon la Margarita Philosophica de G. Reisch. Les artisans se sont inspirés de gravures d’ouvrages imprimés au début du XVIe siècle, par exemple le soldat romain Caius Mucius Scaevola devant le roi Étrusque Porsenna y étant représenté exposant ainsi des thématiques propres à la culture antique. De manière également tout à fait inédite, les 7 vertus, cardinales et théologales, et 7 sibylles sont figurées et représentées sur les panneaux de marqueterie du premier registre des dorsaux. Les allégories et les prophétesses sont encadrées d’architectures identiques deux à deux qui les mettent en concordance. Les sibylles ont été choisies parmi celles du manuscrit des Heures de Louis de Laval dont les auteurs ont cité les prophéties. Ces dernières proviennent du manuscrit des Institutions divines de Lactance qui était de nouveau traduit et que le cardinal a lui-même fait enluminer. Ce grand rhéteur du IVe siècle ayant quant à lui repris les oracles rédigés dans les Oracles sibyllins.
Georges Ier d’Amboise n’a pas manqué de faire valoir qu’il était le commanditaire des stalles en demandant à ce que ses armes et sa devise y figurent à de nombreuses reprises. Le légat a donné pour modèles aux artisans des stalles des enluminures ou gravures de manuscrits faisant partie de sa splendide bibliothèque, digne d'un grand érudit humaniste. Il fit venir l’Italie en choisissant la marqueterie figurative en sus de la sculpture, seule technique utilisée à l'époque en France. Sans renier la tradition en faisant figurer les saints, il a fait représenter de manière inédite leur cycle de vie, dont il a choisi des événements bien spécifiques. De plus, il a incité les fidèles à s’instruire et à étudier les auteurs antiques en faisant sculpter des allégories des arts libéraux et des personnages mythiques ou héroïques. Enfin, par le dialogue des sibylles et des vertus, il a montré que la rhétorique de Lactance était convaincante. Il a ainsi non seulement introduit en France la mode italienne dans le mobilier, le décor et les ornements du château de Gaillon, mais surtout donné corps à l’esprit humaniste en faisant de ses stalles les messagères qui appellent à une vie vertueuse, dans la foi au Christ annoncé à tous les hommes (cf. wikipédia, merci Glass Angel pour la photo).
Conserved early '80s italian road bike, original paint and decals. Frame Columus SL.
Campagnolo Super Record Titanio complete group.
Cinelli old logo handlebar and pipe.
San Marco squadra corse leather saddle.
Mavic GP7 rims.
Photos: Gianni Mazzotta
The Zwinger (Der Dresdner Zwinger) is a palace in Dresden, eastern Germany, built in Baroque style.
The location was formerly part of the Dresden fortress of which the outer wall is conserved. The name derives from the German word Zwinger (outer ward of a concentric castle); it was for the cannons that were placed between the outer wall and the major wall. The Zwinger was not enclosed until the neoclassical building by Gottfried Semper called the Semper wing was built to host the Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister art gallery.
The name Zwinger goes back to the common medieval German term for that part of a fortification between the outer and inner defensive walls, or "outer ward". Archaeological evidence indicates that the construction of the first city wall took place in the last quarter of the 12th century. A documentary entry as civitas in 1216 points to the existence of an enclosed Dresden Fortification at that time. In 1427, during the Hussite Wars, work began on strengthening the city's defences and they were enhaned by a second - outer - wall. These improvements began near the Wildruffer Tor gate. Step by step the old moat had to be filled in and moved. The area between the two walls was generally referred to as the Zwinger and, in the vicinity of the castle, was utilised by the royal court at Dresden for garden purposes. The location of the so-called Zwingergarten from that period is only imprecisely known to be between the fortifications on the western side of the city.[1][2] Its extent varied in places as a result of subsequent improvements to the fortifications and is depicted differently on the various maps.
This royal Zwingergarten, a garden used to supply the court, still fulfilled one of its functions, as indicated by the name, as a narrow defensive area between the outer and inner defensive walls. This was no longer the case when work on the present-day Zwinger palace began in the early 18th century, nevertheless the name was transferred to the new building. Admittedly the southwestern parts of the building of the baroque Dresden Zwinger including the Kronentor gate stand on parts of the outer curtain wall that are still visible today; but there is no longer any trace of the inner wall
Augustus the Strong, elector of Saxony, returned from a grand tour through France and Italy in 1687–89, just at the moment that Louis XIV moved his court to Versailles. On his return to Dresden, having arranged his election as King of Poland (1697), he wanted something similarly spectacular for himself. The fortifications were no longer needed and provided readily available space for his plans. The original plans, as developed by his court architect Matthäus Daniel Pöppelmann before 1711, covered the space of the present complex of palace and garden, and also included as gardens the space down to the Elbe River, upon which the Semper opera house and its square were built in the nineteenth century.
The Zwinger was designed by Pöppelmann and constructed in stages from 1710 to 1728. Sculpture was provided by Balthasar Permoser. The Zwinger was formally inaugurated in 1719, on the occasion of the electoral prince Frederick August’s marriage to the daughter of the Habsburg emperor, the Archduchess Maria Josepha. At the time, the outer shells of the buildings had already been erected and, with their pavilions and arcaded galleries, formed a striking backdrop to the event. It was not until the completion of their interiors in 1728, however, that they could serve their intended functions as exhibition galleries and library halls.
The death of Augustus in 1733 put a halt to the construction because the funds were needed elsewhere. The palace area was left open towards the Semperoper square and the river. Later the plans were changed to a smaller scale, and in 1847–1855 the area was closed by the construction of the gallery wing now separating the Zwinger from the opera place; the architect was Gottfried Semper, who designed the opera house.
The building was mostly destroyed by the carpet bombing raids of 13–15 February 1945. The art collection had been evacuated before, though. After the war, in a referendum, the people of Dresden voted to restore the building and generally preferred to rebuild the glories of the city, instead of having the ruins razed to make way for the architecture of socialist realism then prevalent in the German Democratic Republic.
More info and many other languages available at:
El aire silbaba detrás de mi, pero no era aquello lo que me hacia temblar.
Se notaba en el ambiente una presencia ajena, extraña y de maldad tardía.
Ajeno a mi sentido común, y haciendo caso a mi adrenalina decidí dar un paso más....
Con voz metálica y áspera la puerta intento abrirse, pero aquel ajado y herrumbroso candado lo impedía, ¿que quería retener aquella cadena de la puerta?.
De repente lo recordé todo, no me protegía a mi de lo de fuera, sino a lo de fuera de mi.
Maldita noche de difuntos, en la que año tras año despierto, para recordar que al amanecer dos palmos de tierra me volverán a cubrir........... hasta el año próximo.
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The air hissed behind me, but that was not what made me tremble. The environment was evident in an alien presence, a strange and evil late. Oblivious to my common sense, and ignoring my adrenaline I decided to go a step further. ... With harsh metallic voice and attempt to open the door, but worn and rusty lock that prevented it, "he wanted to retain that chain on the door?. Suddenly I remembered everything, I was protecting me from the outside, but with that without me. Damn dead night, in which year after year awake at dawn to remember that two feet of earth cover me again ........... until next year.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
L'air sifflé derrière moi, mais ce n'était pas ce qui m'a fait trembler. L'environnement était évidente dans une présence étrangère, un étrange et du mal de retard. Oblivious à mon sens commun, et en ignorant mon adrénaline, j'ai décidé d'aller un cran plus loin. ... Grâce à rude voix métallique et essayez d'ouvrir la porte, mais porté et serrure rouillée qui l'a empêché, at-il voulu conserver cette chaîne sur la porte?. Soudain, je me souvenais de tout, je me protégeait de l'extérieur, mais avec que sans moi la nuit Maldita. morts, année après année réveillé à l'aube de se rappeler que deux pieds de terre me couvre de nouveau ........... jusqu'à l'année prochaine.
LEY11.723 (235) - Prohibido el uso de esta imagen sin previa Autorizacion Escrita de A.Martínez.
contactar en angelmartinezsoy@gmail.com
Photo & Editing by Nicole
I took this while I was at the Aquarium at the Moody Gardens Pyramids in Galvaston, Tx.
The aquatic life was beautiful and this quote caught my eye. :)
A good way to pass time on a blustery Saturday!
Of course, we grew the apples and the blueberries!
1 quart of chopped Ashmeads Kernal Apples (or any tart apple)
1 quart blueberries
1 cup raisins
Juice of 2 lemons
5 cups sugar (next time I'll use less)
1 cup chopped walnuts
Combine all but nuts and bring slowly to a boil, stirring frequently. Boil until thick, about 20-30 minutes. Stir in nuts. Ladle into hot jars, seal, and process for 10 minutes in boiling water bath.
A wasp, fly and crab spider visit goldenrod blooming at a restored grassland in Loudoun County, Va., on Sept. 9, 2020. The Piedmont Environmental Council conserved and restored the seven-acre property along Howsers Branch, which is near Gilberts Corner and the nonprofit's Roundabout Meadows farm. (Photo by Will Parson/Chesapeake Bay Program)
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A photo credit mentioning the Chesapeake Bay Program is mandatory. The photograph may not be manipulated in any way or used in any way that suggests approval or endorsement of the Chesapeake Bay Program. Requestors should also respect the publicity rights of individuals photographed, and seek their consent if necessary.
MMGR
Male Ostrich
The bird has just two toes on each foot (most birds have four), with the nail on the larger, inner toe resembling a hoof. The outer toe has no nail. The reduced number of toes is an adaptation that appears to aid in running. Ostriches can run at a speed over 43 mph and can cover 9.8 to 16 ft in a single stride.
The wings reach a span of about 2 metres 6.6 ft, with the wing chord measurement of 35 in being around the same size as those of the largest flying birds. The wings are used in mating displays and to shade chicks. The feathers lack the tiny hooks that lock together the smooth external feathers of flying birds, and so are soft and fluffy and serve as insulation. Ostriches can tolerate a wide range of temperatures. In much of their habitat, temperatures vary as much as 100 °F between night and day. Their temperature control mechanism relies on action by the bird, which uses its wings to cover the naked skin of the upper legs and flanks to conserve heat, or leaves these areas bare to release heat. They have 50–60 tail feathers, and their wings have 16 primary, four alular and 20–23 secondary feathers.
The ostrich's sternum is flat, lacking the keel to which wing muscles attach in flying birds. The beak is flat and broad, with a rounded tip. Like all ratites, the ostrich has no crop, and it also lacks a gallbladder. They have three stomachs, and the caecum is 28 in long. Unlike all other living birds, the ostrich secretes urine separately from faeces. Contrary to all other birds who store the urine and faeces combined in the coprodeum, they store the faeces in the terminal rectum. They also have unique pubic bones that are fused to hold their gut. Unlike most birds the males have a copulatory organ, which is retractable and 8 in long. Their palate differs from other ratites in that the sphenoid and palatal bones are unconnected.
A member of a group called Students Emergency Action for Liberal Democracy, or SEALDs is chanting slogans.
David Diaz of the Otsego Land Trust stands on the future site of a sizable forest buffer on a property to be purchased and transferred to the Wetland Trust for conservation along Butternut Creek in Otsego County, N.Y., on Oct. 9, 2020. Known as Mussel Flats, the 82-acre, 7000-foot stretch of creek is home to populations of yellowlamp mussel and eastern elliptio and could support other threatened wildlife. (Photo by Will Parson/Chesapeake Bay Program)
USAGE REQUEST INFORMATION
The Chesapeake Bay Program's photographic archive is available for media and non-commercial use at no charge. To request permission, send an email briefly describing the proposed use to requests@chesapeakebay.net. Please do not attach jpegs. Instead, reference the corresponding Flickr URL of the image.
A photo credit mentioning the Chesapeake Bay Program is mandatory. The photograph may not be manipulated in any way or used in any way that suggests approval or endorsement of the Chesapeake Bay Program. Requestors should also respect the publicity rights of individuals photographed, and seek their consent if necessary.
The United Nations Development Program (UNDP) and the municipality of Dragash have signed a municipal agreement for co financing in order to help the residents of this municipality to improve their farms and small enterprises.
Photo: Arben Llapashtica
The Zwinger (Der Dresdner Zwinger) is a palace in Dresden, eastern Germany, built in Baroque style.
The location was formerly part of the Dresden fortress of which the outer wall is conserved. The name derives from the German word Zwinger (outer ward of a concentric castle); it was for the cannons that were placed between the outer wall and the major wall. The Zwinger was not enclosed until the neoclassical building by Gottfried Semper called the Semper wing was built to host the Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister art gallery.
The name Zwinger goes back to the common medieval German term for that part of a fortification between the outer and inner defensive walls, or "outer ward". Archaeological evidence indicates that the construction of the first city wall took place in the last quarter of the 12th century. A documentary entry as civitas in 1216 points to the existence of an enclosed Dresden Fortification at that time. In 1427, during the Hussite Wars, work began on strengthening the city's defences and they were enhaned by a second - outer - wall. These improvements began near the Wildruffer Tor gate. Step by step the old moat had to be filled in and moved. The area between the two walls was generally referred to as the Zwinger and, in the vicinity of the castle, was utilised by the royal court at Dresden for garden purposes. The location of the so-called Zwingergarten from that period is only imprecisely known to be between the fortifications on the western side of the city.[1][2] Its extent varied in places as a result of subsequent improvements to the fortifications and is depicted differently on the various maps.
This royal Zwingergarten, a garden used to supply the court, still fulfilled one of its functions, as indicated by the name, as a narrow defensive area between the outer and inner defensive walls. This was no longer the case when work on the present-day Zwinger palace began in the early 18th century, nevertheless the name was transferred to the new building. Admittedly the southwestern parts of the building of the baroque Dresden Zwinger including the Kronentor gate stand on parts of the outer curtain wall that are still visible today; but there is no longer any trace of the inner wall
Augustus the Strong, elector of Saxony, returned from a grand tour through France and Italy in 1687–89, just at the moment that Louis XIV moved his court to Versailles. On his return to Dresden, having arranged his election as King of Poland (1697), he wanted something similarly spectacular for himself. The fortifications were no longer needed and provided readily available space for his plans. The original plans, as developed by his court architect Matthäus Daniel Pöppelmann before 1711, covered the space of the present complex of palace and garden, and also included as gardens the space down to the Elbe River, upon which the Semper opera house and its square were built in the nineteenth century.
The Zwinger was designed by Pöppelmann and constructed in stages from 1710 to 1728. Sculpture was provided by Balthasar Permoser. The Zwinger was formally inaugurated in 1719, on the occasion of the electoral prince Frederick August’s marriage to the daughter of the Habsburg emperor, the Archduchess Maria Josepha. At the time, the outer shells of the buildings had already been erected and, with their pavilions and arcaded galleries, formed a striking backdrop to the event. It was not until the completion of their interiors in 1728, however, that they could serve their intended functions as exhibition galleries and library halls.
The death of Augustus in 1733 put a halt to the construction because the funds were needed elsewhere. The palace area was left open towards the Semperoper square and the river. Later the plans were changed to a smaller scale, and in 1847–1855 the area was closed by the construction of the gallery wing now separating the Zwinger from the opera place; the architect was Gottfried Semper, who designed the opera house.
The building was mostly destroyed by the carpet bombing raids of 13–15 February 1945. The art collection had been evacuated before, though. After the war, in a referendum, the people of Dresden voted to restore the building and generally preferred to rebuild the glories of the city, instead of having the ruins razed to make way for the architecture of socialist realism then prevalent in the German Democratic Republic.
More info and many other languages available at:
sasrai-Movement’s sasrai Day, Earth Day, World Environment Day Slogan
If resources are preserved, happiness will be conserved.
Saving resources mean - saving the planet.
Use renewable fuels - reduce global warming.
Consume local Product - contribute to environmental preservation.
Eat more native fruits, plant more native trees
Save environment and nature – save happiness of the future generation.
Keep rivers, lakes, ponds, water body Clean - fill life with happiness
Make sure environment is healthy, ensure smooth development.
Plant native trees - in Country, Community, towns, ports and cities
Make sure environment is green, ensure pure peace.
Clogging hill cutting will stop water logging.
Stop building heaps of polythene bags – start building clean city
Elderly, children and youngster will be preserving everywhere.
In workplace, society and family, everyone will be environment friendly.
We will be preserving – happiness will be everlasting.
sasrai-Movement series Presentation in Observance of sasrai Day, Earth Day, Faith Climate Action Week, World Health Day, World Environment Day
sasrai Day –01 Boishakh/April 14 Appeal
Save Forest – Save Water – Save Earth & Life ensure Habitable Earth for Each
www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=1709595609296313&set=...
Mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish declined 52%
56 acres of Planet’s forests destroyed every minute
Half of Planet’s wildlife species lost last 40 years
Freshwater species decreased by an alarming 76 percent
Water and food are interdependent
One litre of water to produce one calorie of food
We will fail to feed the world until we fix the water crisis
The world’s thirst for water will grow by 50%. By 2030
https://www.facebook.com/fgaleeb/media_set?set=a.1708192856103255.1073741884.100007376703347&type=3&pnref=story
sasrai-Movement series Presentation in Observance of sasrai Day, Earth Day, Faith Climate Action Week, World Health Day, World Environment Day
sasrai Day –01 Boishakh/April 14 Appeal
Save Forest – Save Water – Save Earth & Life ensure Habitable Earth for Each
•Bangladesh has planned furnish the in Naba Barsha Dish Excluding National Fish Hilsha
•New Study Proves That People Who Don’t Believe In Climate Change Are Morons
•Global warming may be far worse than thought, cloud analysis suggests
•Global Fisheries Are Collapsing -- What Happens When There Are No Fish Left?
•Seas could rise higher than predicted, drenching coastal cities - study
•New York and London could be underwater within DECADES: Scientists say devastating climate change will take place sooner than thought
•6 Colorado Teenagers File Appeal in Fracking and Climate Lawsuit
•Scientists Warn Drastic Climate Impacts Coming Much Sooner Than Expected
•Drilling-induced earthquakes may endanger millions in 2016, USGS says
•Montreal Makes Plans To Ban All Plastic Water Bottles
•Climate Change Will Ruin Hawaii, New Study Suggests
•Global warming to scorch past milestone in 2047, study predicts
•Ocean acidity already crossed threshhold
•Every year after 2047 to be hotter than record-setting 2005, scientists predict
•Worst Mediterranean drought in 900 years has human fingerprints all over it
•Eating Less Meat Could Save 5 Million Lives, Cut Carbon Emissions by 33%
•‘We Have A Global Emergency,’ Must Slash CO2 ASAP
sasrai Day –01 Boishakh/April 14 Appeal
Save Forest – Save Water – Save Earth & Life ensure Habitable Earth for Each
650 million people, even the water they are able to find is unsafe
Water crises are among the top risks to global economic growth
Growing cities, populations, changing climate placing pressures on water
Every minute a newborn dies from infection caused by a lack of safe water and environment
42% of healthcare facilities in Africa do not have access to safe water.
Developing countries half occupied poor water, sanitation and hygiene caused disease
Around 315,000 children under-five die every year caused by dirty water and poor sanitation
That's 900 children per day or one child every two minutes.
2.3 billion people do not have access to adequate sanitation, one in three of the world's population.
In Africa, an estimated 40 billion working hours are spent fetching water
Water in Accra, Ghana, costs three times as much as in New York.
Dhaka’s water tariff of Tk 6.99 per 1,000 litres ‘lowest in the world’.
The biggest threat to the present Planet Earth is Rapid Running Out of the Resources (RRR).
sasrai-Movement must be the Central to Realizing Sustainable Global Development
Ensure Peace, Justice, Dignity, Rights, Prosperity, Security for Each
No matter Climate Changing or Not, Ice Melting or Not – We must stop Consumption Competition
www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.1045800938775669.107374...
What happened to Elsenham Quality Foods? Morello Cherry conserve c 2002
beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/04271891/officers
The company is dormant, bought out by G. Costa in 2001, when the above company was created, Elsenham Quality Foods Ltd
www.just-food.com/news/gcosta-announces-acquisition_id761...
G.Costa announce the acquisition of Elsenham Preserves, Patum Peperium, and Becas. The four brands will be produced in a new factory situated at Elsenham, Hertfordshire (near Stanstead).
The acquisition, which is their first since the management buyout in January 1999 strengthens the portfolio of owned brands which include Blue Dragon, Curry Club and Zest. The company has three manufacturing plants Keddie Sauce Masters, Zest and now Elsenham. Over half of the Costa turnover (£50 million) comes from major international agencies including Tabasco, Amora Maille, Krisprolls, French's and Celestial Tea.
Says Tim Barlow, managing director of G.Costa "The strategy will be firstly to re establish the brands in the UK followed in January 2002 by their development in the Export Market targeting Europe and English speaking countries."
P.S: If you liked this article, you might enjoy the just-food newsletter.
A 2003 note from the auditors gives an address of Unit 6 Mills Road, Quarrywood industrial Estate, Aylesford Kent ME20 which was the address of G. Costa Holdings Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of Associated British Foods [Patak, Blue Dragon etc]
The Gentelman's Relish, Patum Peperium, is now produced in Poland, having only been acquired by Elsenham in 1971
Apparently there is no longer a factory in Elsenham, it is said production has moved to Wales.
Peintes vers 1080-1120, les peintures romanes sont très bien conservées et extrêmement bien réali-sées. Bien que lacunaire, ce programme est riche de plusieurs thèmes iconographiques. Sur le mur est, une frise grecque avec effet de relief et différents oiseaux parcourt tout le baptistère. Entre les deux oculi, un Christ avec un nimbe crucifère se tient en majesté dans sa mandorle avec un livre ouvert où est inscrit EGO [SUM V] I [TA] : Je suis la vie (Jean, XIV, 6). Autour de lui, deux anges épousent parfaitement la forme des fenêtres, tous deux tournés vers les Apôtres désignant le Christ. Ceux-ci ne sont pas reconnaissables individuellement, hormis saint Pierre à la droite du Christ. Ils sont en mouvement et marchent sur des vagues représentants le monde sur lequel répandre la parole divine, avec au dessus d'eux une inscription en latin AS-CENDO AD PA-TREM [MEUM E] T PA-TREM [VES-TRVM, DEVM ET DEVM VES-TRVM]. VI[RI G]A[LIL] EI [QVIS S]TA[TIS AS-PI-CIENT] ES IN CELVM. HIC HIESVS QVI ASVMTVS EST A VOBIS : Je monte vers mon Père et votre Père, mon Dieu et votre Dieu. Galilée qui lève les yeux au ciel. C'est Jésus qui vous a été enlevé.
Sous le Christ la main de Dieu représentée dans un médaillon. Sur l’arc en plein cintre, un Agnus Dei et deux anges thuriféraires, avec sous cet arc des personnages non identifiables dans des médaillons. Enfin, sur le dernier registre du mur, deux cavaliers sont situés de part et d’autre, le premier complètement effacé dont ne reste que la tête du cheval. A droite, le cavalier Constantin tenant un sceptre et un orbe, et marchant dans la direction du Christ, est le seul des quatre dont l’identité nous soit parvenue. Sur cette partie du mur se superposent le cavalier roman et les dernières scènes du cycle de la vie de saint Jean-Baptiste, datant du XIIIe siècle.
Sur le mur Nord, de gauche à droite, se situent une figure profane, un paon sous chaque oculi et sous l’arc en mitre un saint anonyme, avec à droite du mur deux apôtres. Sur le mur Ouest, les peintures sont très endommagées, un paon est tou-jours visible bien que pâle, un vase ocre s'y distingue aussi (vase de vie ou pour utiliser le chrême en vue d'oindre les catéchumènes. Un deuxième paon devait se trouver à côté avec, plus bas, deux autres cavaliers dont l’un est complet, couronné et tenant un sceptre. Le quatrième et dernier cavalier est lui aussi endommagé, seul le haut de son corps étant visible tenant les rênes de son cheval.
Sur le mur Sud, deux apôtres, non complets avec sous l’oculus un paon et sous l’arc en mitre, saint Maurice d’Agaune, désigné ici par MAVRICIVS en habit de légionnaire, ses reliques étant conservées dans la cathédrale primitive. Sous le second oculus, un dragon fait face à un homme brandissant une épée, symbole du combat entre le bien et le mal. Entre ces deux figures, une inscription CIL CRIA MARCI ET VRNA : il demanda grâce et s’enfuit (plus vieille inscription connue en langue vernaculaire) (cf. fra.archinform.net).
After a brief repose which followed our initial ascent up the Longji terraced fields, our band of three left the hotel to resume again our hiking. To catch the setting sun, we set off for the high western hills that lay directly behind our residence. Another group of ardent Hong Kong tourists joined us on this trek.
Though we neither anticipated such an arduous journey, nor did we bring enough water to satisfy our parched lips, we nonetheless reached the peak of the acclivity without too much ennui to warrant a hasty departure. As if crack troops on the watch, we bunkered down on our hill, affectionately called "47," and from there we waited for the sun's final languid descent into obscurity.
No sooner had we made ourselves quite comfortable, exploring the adjacent mounds and running along the ridge while emoting in our Braveheart impersonations, than we noticed the ominous smoke billowing into the sky from the nearby mountaintops. The concentrated haze, the result of controlled brushfires, we concluded, was moving closer and closer towards us. Eventually, the crackling from the intense combustion of browned and dry foliage, that had been methodically placed on certain declivities, tinged our ears; and the smoke, which had so far been blown away by an easter gale whose ferocity also invited a biting cold to hill 47, at length enveloped our position, compromising our ability to remain there any longer. But by this time thankfully, the meek sun had ambled its way into the opaque distance and with our primary objective met, we gladly capitulated our untenable camp to our fiery nemesis. As the dark blanket of dusk settled on Longji, we swiftly fell back into the dimming wood, eager to return to our lodgings for a hot meal.
www.arqueologiadelperu.com/neutron-scattering-helping-con...
A recent international study led by ANSTO instrument scientist Vladimir Luzin is likely to be of interest to conservationists who are trying to preserve important marble sculptures and artefacts, such as Michelangelo's famous sculpture of David.
David is a masterpiece of Renaissance sculpture created between 1501 and 1504, by Michelangelo [Credit: ALAMY]
"The fact of the matter is that physical weathering, deterioration and damage to marble and other architectural stones present a serious problem for the preservation of sculptures, monuments and buildings," said Luzin.David: A sculpture made from Carrara marble
Before its relocation in Galleria dell'Accademia, David, the "Giant", was symbolically displayed in the political heart of Renaissance Florence, the Piazza della Signoria. Over a period of almost three centuries, the statue was exposed to the action of weather, historical events and inappropriate restoration works. These coexisting factors prevented the appropriate preservation of a masterpiece that, already at the time of its creation, was regarded as challenging by many artists—due to the presence of taroli, imperfections of the marble.
Today David is in a highly stable condition but still presents a contemporary scientific challenge from a conservation point of view. Researchers are monitoring marble cracking of the 4.3 metre David with a system of sensors that record vibrations, rotations and environmental conditions. [1] Conservationists monitor the sculpture because it is thought that even small mechanical impacts and small temperature variations are detrimental to marble.
Geologically marble is formed by the alteration (metamorphism) of limestone under high temperature and high pressure. The metamorphic process causes a complete recrystallization of the original rock into an interlocking mosaic of calcite and/or dolomite crystals with very specific mechanical behaviour.
Carrara marble, the stone used by Michaelangelo in sculpting David, was one of the most popular types of marble in the world because of its beauty and high lustre. For centuries it was quarried from the Apuan Alps in Tuscan Italy.
The popularity of Carrara marble was due in part to the wide range of varieties available (statuary, flowered, veined, brecciated, bardiglio, etc.), to the constancy of its quality, scarcity of defects, large size of single blocks that could be extracted, excellent physical and mechanical characteristics, and long-lasting strength and beauty." [2]
The Pantheon in Rome [Credit: ANSTO]
However the suitability of marble from the Carrara area of Italy for buildings and artworks has been questioned because of 'spectacular bowing behaviour' of marble slabs on numerous modern buildings including the Amoco building in Chicago and the Grand Arche de la Defense in Paris.
A study of Carrara marble by a group of investigators led by Luzin have confirmed that microstresses caused by temperature variation and the thermo-mechanical properties of the marble itself help explain the deterioration. Co-investigators are Dimitry Nikolayev of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Moscow and Siegfried Siegesmund of theUniversity of Göttingen in Germany.
The investigators were interested in the different environmental conditions that influence marble deterioration and had to reproduce factors known to be important to the process of deterioration. Temperature effects were among those known to cause mechanical stress.
Luzin and collaborators used non-destructive neutron diffraction to confirm that thermally-induced microstress from a single thermal exposure can cause microcracking in the marble and therefore be responsible for weathering and deterioration of the marble [3].
"Neutron diffraction is a useful tool and a non-destructive method to investigate the texture, phase composition and spatial and orientation dependence of strain in a bulk marble sample," explained Luzin.
Although the commercial use of statue-grade Carrara marble is no longer allowed, an exception is made for restoration works and scientific research. Freshly cut marble from a quarry in Carrara, Italy was used for the testing.
"Although not easy, stress measurements in geological materials, such as marble are feasible and provide valuable characterisation," said Luzin.
He explained that the challenges are related to the need to measure two phases with sufficient accuracy. It is necessary to use a large gauge volume because of the coarse grain microstructure and longer measurement time in order to capture very delicate effects of microstress in calcite and dolomite—which are also very weak neutron scatterers.
The neutron high resolution powder diffractomter, Echidna, determined the amount of each phase in two cube samples of marble. In one sample, the dolomite comprised a volume fraction of 28 per cent and in the other it was 18 per cent, which is not surprising given the highly visible non-uniform distribution of dolomite in the marble.
The Kowari diffractometer was used to produce pole figures, graphical representations that capture the preferred crystallographic orientation (texture) of the calcite and dolomite. "A weak crystallographic texture in both phases was confirmed in the neutron diffraction experiment," said Luzin.
The stress experiments were carried out using the Kowari diffractometer in a specially designed sample environment unit in order to control temperature. "We took measurements of the calcite and dolomite phases at room temperature and at 80° C."
Using a technique to measure the stiffness of an elastic material, the researchers were able to accurately measure the accumulated damage after a thermal exposure that could be unambiguously attributed to microcracking.
"Evidently, a significant change in microstress caused micro-cracking in the marble sample due to temperature changes," said Luzin.
Although exaggerated temperature might not be relevant to real daily and seasonal temperature variation, smaller, more numerous natural temperature variations during long periods of time might result in even greater accumulated damage. There are historical examples of sculpture which deteriorated into a pulverised state after a century of exposure to temperature variation.
"We have a responsibility to try and preserve great works of art and architecture with non-destructive techniques and nuclear technologies give us the means to do this. Hopefully David and other important monuments can be preserved in the centuries to come," said Luzin.References[1] Giovanni Pascale, Filippo Bastianini, Roberto Carli, "Monitoring Marble cracking in the David by Michaelangelo Proc. Art'11, 10th Int. Conf. on Non-Destructive Investigations and microanalysis for the diagnostics and conservation of cultural and environmental heritage, Florence, April 13th-15th, 2011, NDT44[2] Stephano Merlino Paolo Orlandi "Carraraite and zaccagnaite, two new minerals from the Carrara marble quarries: their chemical compositions, physical properties, and structural features" American Mineralogist, Volume 86, pages 1293–1301[3] 310.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.777.148. Luzin, V; Nikolayev, D and Siegesmund, S, Temperature Induced Internal Stress in Carrara Marble, Mater. Sci. Forum 777, 148-154 (2014)Source: Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO) [June 22, 2015]
sasrai-Movement’s sasrai Day, Earth Day, World Environment Day Slogan
If resources are preserved, happiness will be conserved.
Saving resources mean - saving the planet.
Use renewable fuels - reduce global warming.
Consume local Product - contribute to environmental preservation.
Eat more native fruits, plant more native trees
Save environment and nature – save happiness of the future generation.
Keep rivers, lakes, ponds, water body Clean - fill life with happiness
Make sure environment is healthy, ensure smooth development.
Plant native trees - in Country, Community, towns, ports and cities
Make sure environment is green, ensure pure peace.
Clogging hill cutting will stop water logging.
Stop building heaps of polythene bags – start building clean city
Elderly, children and youngster will be preserving everywhere.
In workplace, society and family, everyone will be environment friendly.
We will be preserving – happiness will be everlasting.
sasrai-Movement series Presentation in Observance of sasrai Day, Earth Day, Faith Climate Action Week, World Health Day, World Environment Day
sasrai Day –01 Boishakh/April 14 Appeal
Save Forest – Save Water – Save Earth & Life ensure Habitable Earth for Each
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Mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish declined 52%
56 acres of Planet’s forests destroyed every minute
Half of Planet’s wildlife species lost last 40 years
Freshwater species decreased by an alarming 76 percent
Water and food are interdependent
One litre of water to produce one calorie of food
We will fail to feed the world until we fix the water crisis
The world’s thirst for water will grow by 50%. By 2030
https://www.facebook.com/fgaleeb/media_set?set=a.1708192856103255.1073741884.100007376703347&type=3&pnref=story
sasrai-Movement series Presentation in Observance of sasrai Day, Earth Day, Faith Climate Action Week, World Health Day, World Environment Day
sasrai Day –01 Boishakh/April 14 Appeal
Save Forest – Save Water – Save Earth & Life ensure Habitable Earth for Each
•Bangladesh has planned furnish the in Naba Barsha Dish Excluding National Fish Hilsha
•New Study Proves That People Who Don’t Believe In Climate Change Are Morons
•Global warming may be far worse than thought, cloud analysis suggests
•Global Fisheries Are Collapsing -- What Happens When There Are No Fish Left?
•Seas could rise higher than predicted, drenching coastal cities - study
•New York and London could be underwater within DECADES: Scientists say devastating climate change will take place sooner than thought
•6 Colorado Teenagers File Appeal in Fracking and Climate Lawsuit
•Scientists Warn Drastic Climate Impacts Coming Much Sooner Than Expected
•Drilling-induced earthquakes may endanger millions in 2016, USGS says
•Montreal Makes Plans To Ban All Plastic Water Bottles
•Climate Change Will Ruin Hawaii, New Study Suggests
•Global warming to scorch past milestone in 2047, study predicts
•Ocean acidity already crossed threshhold
•Every year after 2047 to be hotter than record-setting 2005, scientists predict
•Worst Mediterranean drought in 900 years has human fingerprints all over it
•Eating Less Meat Could Save 5 Million Lives, Cut Carbon Emissions by 33%
•‘We Have A Global Emergency,’ Must Slash CO2 ASAP
sasrai Day –01 Boishakh/April 14 Appeal
Save Forest – Save Water – Save Earth & Life ensure Habitable Earth for Each
650 million people, even the water they are able to find is unsafe
Water crises are among the top risks to global economic growth
Growing cities, populations, changing climate placing pressures on water
Every minute a newborn dies from infection caused by a lack of safe water and environment
42% of healthcare facilities in Africa do not have access to safe water.
Developing countries half occupied poor water, sanitation and hygiene caused disease
Around 315,000 children under-five die every year caused by dirty water and poor sanitation
That's 900 children per day or one child every two minutes.
2.3 billion people do not have access to adequate sanitation, one in three of the world's population.
In Africa, an estimated 40 billion working hours are spent fetching water
Water in Accra, Ghana, costs three times as much as in New York.
Dhaka’s water tariff of Tk 6.99 per 1,000 litres ‘lowest in the world’.
The biggest threat to the present Planet Earth is Rapid Running Out of the Resources (RRR).
sasrai-Movement must be the Central to Realizing Sustainable Global Development
Ensure Peace, Justice, Dignity, Rights, Prosperity, Security for Each
No matter Climate Changing or Not, Ice Melting or Not – We must stop Consumption Competition
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Designer unknown (佚名)
Early 1970s
When everybody conserves energy, production can increase greatly
Renren lai jie dian, shengchan da fazhan (人人来节电，生产大发展)
Call nr.: BG D25/276 (Landsberger collection)
More? See: chineseposters.net
Coventry Transport Museum opened in 1980, after it became clear that the road transport collection was outgrowing the space it occupied in the Herbert Art Gallery & Museum. The Museum’s current collection of vehicles is acknowledged as being one of the finest in the world, and the largest in public ownership.
The Museum’s collection consists of motor cars, commercial vehicles, cycles and motorcycles. In addition, extensive collections of automobilia, books, photographs and a wealth of other archive material is held and conserved at the Coventry History Centre at the Herbert Art Gallery & Museum.
Ford Model Y 1936
A large conserved ruin of a late 13th Century castle. It was besieged for nine weeks in 1339, captured and devastated, and the owner killed. King Charles IV. purchased the castle from his heirs in 1356, and restored it. It was used by the wealthiest families as a strongpoint, and was often besieged. It´s importance vanished in the 17th Century, many objects were damaged in the 18th Century when the new owners searched for a treasure. Extensive conservation was done after WW2, the chapel was completely restored and roofed. The area was opened to public in 1994, and is a very nice weekend trip target.
The balustrade of the palace has been remodeled, conserving the murals by Diego Rivera that adorn the main stairwell and the walls of the second floor.
In the stairwell is a mural depicting the history of Mexico from 1521 to 1930 and covers an area of 450 m2. These murals were painted between 1929 and 1935, jointly titled "The Epic of the Mexican People". The work is divided like a triptych with each being somewhat autonomous. The right-hand wall contains murals depicting pre-Hispanic Mexico and centers around the life of the Aztec god Quetzalcoatl.
In the middle and largest panel, the Conquest is depicted with its ugliness, such as rape and torture, as well as priests defending the rights of the indigenous people. The battle for independence occupies the uppermost part of this panel in the arch. The American and French invasions are represented below this, as well as the Reform period and the Revolution.
The left-hand panel is dedicated to early and mid-20th century, criticizing the status quo and depicting a Marxist kind of utopia.
Diego also painted 11 panels on the middle floor, such as the "Tianguis of Tlatelolco" (tianguis means "market"), and the "Arrival of Hernán Cortés in Veracruz".
My page about Mexico City on VirtualTourist: members.virtualtourist.com/m/a8215/e9cb4/
My playlist about Mexico City on my Youtube channel containing 18 videos
www.youtube.com/watch?v=yWI-hjqRF24&list=SPD1C71F63FD...
5 min 01 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=yWI-hjqRF24 Moscow-Paris-Mexico City flight with Adelita HD
3 min 39 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=ifVqW7GLGqM Mexico City around by bus part 1
4 min 02 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=BjE2Ee6T2Po Mexico City around by bus part 2
2 min 48 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=vY3jqm38UGs Mexico City Melia Reforma Hotel part 1
4 min 25 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=6QNq1trJTsM Mexico City around by bus part 3
3 min 02 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=dDRH8YohP2A Mexico City Melia Reforma Hotel part 2
2 min 41 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=W-AQXc9KCOI Mexico City around part 4
5 min 29 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ln5fyBSB3fI Mexico City National Palace Diego Rivera part 1
2 min 14 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ais3bJg_EXw Mexico City National Palace part 2
3 min 25 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaF46jNGj3E Mexico City Metropolitan
5 min 18 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=1gD1z9vRvjM Mexico City around part 5
1 min 24 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=rThp9iYybzk Mexico City Metropolitan Tabernacle
2 min 42 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=EMAKdiKiI50 Mexico City around part 6
9 min 57 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q-K8qaKm3MU Mexico City Anthropology Museum
5 min 16 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=6JuLRtFlOT4 Mexico City Melia Reforma Hotel part 3
0 min 49 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zbAKjBSFT4 Mexico City Templo Mayor
10 min 51 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=ULchjze3-38 Mexico City around part 7
8 min 57 sec HD Video www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gb__3VmpRrE Mexico City around part 8.
Born February of last year! My first and certainly not last visit to the Bronx Zoo. A wonderful place for photography. We were there for the "Run for the Wild' Please consider donating www.wcs.org/