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Bathurst is the first inland town of mainland Australia and the first NSW town away from the coastal plains of Sydney. It was established by a decree of Governor Macquarie in 1815. This happened at a time when Macquarie was reluctant to open up areas to settlement and to give more land grants. But the pressures of the British Colonial Office and the rapidly developing British industrial revolution meant new supplies of wool for the Lancashire textile mills were needed. Coupled with this was the desire by freed convicts (emancipists), gentlemen settlers and others to open up the west and make a fortune. Bathurst began as a settlement with strong links to England- it was named after Lord Bathurst, the streets were named after British kings- William and George, and other streets were named after British politicians and colonial office leaders- Howick, Gladstone, Peel, Durham, Keppel and others.
The first squatters were Cox, Lawson and Icely but others soon followed. They received “unofficial” land grants in 1815 which were not officially confirmed until 1823 just before Governor Macquarie was ready to leave the colony. As more white people moved into the district the town as the governor set up a depot and barracks in Bathurst. It was a convict town and military barracks. The police were needed to shoot escaped convicts and bushrangers and get the local Aboriginal people under control. The convicts in Australia were seldom incarcerated in prison; they were usually assigned as labourers to pastoralists. So Bathurst was needed to house, police and control convicts and ex-convicts and ticket of leave men (men basically on parole). So the settlement of Bathurst in 1820 consisted on a few free settlers, some wealthy pastoralists, lots of government officials and the town Commandant, and convicts. In fact in 1820 there were 16 free people, 75 convicts and 13 emancipists. The free people were soldiers and their wives. The buildings consisted of Macquarie’s Cottage, the house of the superintendent of convicts, a government store, barracks for soldiers and convicts, and a granary. The focus of town was the police barracks, a site now occupied by the City Bowling Club. In those days it was the Ordinance Ground. The early town was built by convicts and they comprised three quarters of the population. Nothing much remains of the work and effort of the convicts, except for Macquarie’s Bathurst House.
After Macquarie left the colony in 1824 and settlement by free people was being encouraged more and more land grants were given. On the river flats land grants were usually 70 to 100 acres, but the large pastoral runs were obtained by land grants too during the 1820s. By 1828 the Bathurst area had over 1,200 people in it, and convicts had fallen to about 55% of all residents. The most convicts arrived in Bathurst during the 1830s, the peak time for transportation to Australia. Transportation ceased in 1850, just before the 1851 gold rushes. But even then convicts still comprised about 30% of the total population. The gold rushes changed that forever.
Most of the early free settlers lived in Kelso across the river, whilst the wealthy, government officials and convicts lived in Bathurst. The town saw one of the worst conflicts in Australia between whites and the Wiradjura in 1823/24. The Aboriginal leader, Windradyne (now a suburb of Bathurst) led his people on a series of raids and attacks on sheep for food. The whites retaliated with arsenic in damper (arsenic was sued to control scab in sheep) and shooting parties. Aborigines on Kelso river flats stealing potatoes were shot and killed. In relation shepherds were killed by the Aborigines. Thirteen stockmen were killed in one month. Governor Darling declared martial law for Bathurst for six months in 1824. Government reports said 60 to 70 aborigines were killed during this time, but locals claim it was more like two hundred. Three whites were tried for murder of aboriginal people in 1824 but they were acquitted. The government had a £500 reward on the head of the leader Windradyne. This was not claimed. When he returned to Bathurst in 1829, wounded from conflict with another Aboriginal group it was Dr Busby who dressed his wounds before he died. The street where Ben Chifley lived was named after this government doctor.
The early buildings of Bathurst no longer exist. The 19th century town which we can see today mainly dates from the period after the gold rushes (1851), when the town was wealthy and booming in the 1860s and 1870s. Some exceptions are: Macquarie’s Government House (1817); Holy Trinity Anglican Church in Kelso (1835); Kelsoville House in Kelso dating from 1840; the original part of the Methodist church hall (1832); and the original Anglican manse, now Miss Traill’s Cottage ( 1845). So the legacy of convict buildings is gone. The pamphlet on a historical walk around Bathurst available from the Information Centre concentrates on buildings erected between 1860 and 1900.
The Bathurst Street Bridge is a steel Warren truss bridge in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It carries four lanes for motor vehicles with Toronto Transit Commission (TTC)'s streetcar tracks along Bathurst Street over the railway tracks south of Front Street.
The steel truss bridge was built in 1903 and used for a steam railway over the Humber River. It was dis-assembled and re-located in 1916 to Bathurst Street and converted for road traffic. In 1931, the bridge was moved and re-aligned (Bathurst Street was at an angle south of Front Street) to support streetcar service south of the railway tracks at that location. A new bridge south of the bridge was constructed to connect the south end of the bridge, connecting Bathurst to Fleet Street (now known as Lake Shore Boulevard).
Toronto, Canada '13
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Nathan Tinkler's race hauler in the pits at Bathurst 2011. Nathan is a newcastle based billionaire mining magnate.
Update, now is a sgraced former billionaire.
NR104, NR7 and AN9 approach Bathurst with 3YN2 SteelLink service from Whyalla to Newcastle while a relief crew wait on the platform. In the rail loading siding to the left of frame, an SSR rail train (8778N) can be seen waiting to depart.
Professional photographer getting a low angle shot during pit stop practice at the Bathurst 12 Hour endurance race, 2015.
I was lucky to be invited to an opening of something on Bathurst Island, north of Darwin, in April 1996. Unfortunately I can't remember what it was for. The local Tiwi people performed for the occasion. And we flew there on this plane. Does anyone know what sort of plane it is?
Last of my Australian scanned slides (for now!)
I am so impressed with the access here. Street signs with raised lettering and braille for visually impaired people is just the start!
The large Signal Box at the Sydney end of Bathurst Station.
On the rails in New South Wales - October 2009.
Bathurst Lighthouse, Rottnest Island
Shot while at "work"
Comments, Tips, Tricks etc are all welcome
Thanks
Damian
Bathurst, South Africa. Apologies to all you guys from Oz. Some people have wrongly assumed this is a picture of Bathurst, New South Wales which has a motor race. DBA have even featured it on their website. I did try to contact them twice some time back but no success so far. I might have to phone them next time I'm in Oz.
"Here lyeth interred ye bodys of George Bathurst of Hothorpe (howthorpe) in ye County of Northampton esq, sonne of Lancelot Bathurst (d1594) of Franks Hall in ye parish of Horton (Kirby) (and wife Judith daughter of Bernard Randolph, a common sergeant of London & of Wardis, Sussex) ye County of Kent Esq & Elizabeth his first wife 3rd daughter & coheire of Edward Villiers of Hothorpe afore said esq (her coheir Mary married Calcott Chambre www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/7248041900/ ) by whome he had issue 13 sonnes & 4 daughters , George, Edward, John, James, Ralph, Henry (who dyed an infant), Henry, Lancelot, Thomas, Samuel, Moses, Joseph & Benjamin, Elizabeth, Mary, Judeth & Susanna. He departed the 19th of Aprill 1656 being (69) 70 yeares old, his wife Elizabeth dyed ye 5th of January 1650 being 55 yeares old. By his second wife Susanna ye daughter of Sir Richard Burneby of Watford in ye County of Northampton he had no issue"
George was a member of the Inner Temple
His father Lancelot Bathurst was an alderman of London, born in Staplehurst, Kent
Second wife Susanna was one of 2 daughters of Sir Richard Burneby, the last of the Watford male line, and wife Elizabeth www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/7313671370/ daughter of John Reade / Rede of Cottisbrook. www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/7313638268/ - her sister Elizabeth married Sir J Langham of Cottisbrook
Of the 13 sons, 6 died fighting for Charles l in the Civil War
1. George 1582-1651 Killed at Battle of Farringdon
2. Edward rector / buried Chipping Warden d1668
3. John - barister 1656
4.. James Killed in Civil War
5. Ralph b1620 Dean of Wells, President of Trinity College Oxford, Chaplain to Charles l - m Mary daughter of John Tristram of Baunton, widow of John Palmer of Taunton. (no issue)
7. Henry died an infant
8. Henry - Attorney General of Munster
9. Lancelot - killed in Civil War
10. Thomas - killed in Civil War
11. Samuel - killed in Civil War
12. Moses m Dorothy daughter of Dr John Bathurst 1659 of Leeds & Richmond
13. Joseph of Jamaica, left 3 daughters - perhaps killed in Civil War
14. Benjamin of Paulerspury d1704 m Frances d1727, 2nd daughter of Sir Allen Apsley of Apsley Sussex
1. Elizabeth m Abraham Bohun of Coundon Warks
2-4 Mary, Judith, Susannah
(Benjamin inherited the estate, all his brothers having died in his lifetime without male issue - Treasurer to Queen Ann as princess of Denmark and Cofferer to her household as queen, Frances being a childhood friend of Ann and her sister Princess Mary ) His son was 1st Lord Bathurst and daughter Ann m Henry Pye parents of Vice Admiral Thomas Pye www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/2385502368/