The Application is Open now!

You can access maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Simple%20Things/153/159/1502 in the store... just touch the blogger search kiosk near the landing

Answers may be given during the search, but most will be given when the search is over.

The Carnival of Venice (Italian: Carnevale di Venezia) is an annual festival, held in Venice, Italy. The Carnival ends with the Christian celebration of Lent, forty days before Easter on Shrove Tuesday (Pancake Tuesday or Mardi Gras), the day before Ash Wednesday. The festival is famed for its elaborate masks.

History

It is said that the Carnival of Venice was started from a victory of the "Serenissima Repubblica" against the Patriarch of Aquileia, Ulrico di Treven in the year 1162. In the honor of this victory, the people started to dance and make reunions in San Marco Square. Apparently, this festival started on that period and became official in the Renaissance.In the seventeenth century, the baroque carnival was a way to save the prestigious image of Venice in the world. It was very famous during the eighteenth century. It encouraged licence and pleasure, but it was also used to protect Venetians against the anguish for present time and future. However, under the rule of the King of Austria, the festival was outlawed entirely in 1797 and the use of masks became strictly forbidden. It reappeared gradually in the nineteenth century, but only for short periods and above all for private feasts, where it became an occasion for artistic creations.

After a long absence, the Carnival returned to operate in 1979. The Italian government decided to bring back the history and culture of Venice, and sought to use the traditional Carnival as the centerpiece of its efforts. The redevelopment of the masks began as the pursuit of some Venetian college students for the tourist trade. Today, approximately 3 million visitors come to Venice every year for the Carnival. One of the most important events is the contest for la maschera più bella ("the most beautiful mask") placed at the last weekend of the Carnival and judged by a panel of international costume and fashion designers.

 

Carnival masks

 

A selection of Venetian carnival masks

Masks have always been an important feature of the Venetian carnival. Traditionally people were allowed to wear them between the festival of Santo Stefano (St. Stephen's Day, December 26) and the start of the carnival season at midnight of Shrove Tuesday. As masks were also allowed on Ascension and from October 5 to Christmas, people could spend a large portion of the year in disguise. Maskmakers (mascherari) enjoyed a special position in society, with their own laws and their own guild.

Venetian masks can be made of leather, porcelain or using the original glass technique. The original masks were rather simple in design, decoration, and often had a symbolic and practical function. Nowadays, most of them are made with the application of gesso and gold leaf and are all hand-painted using natural feathers and gems to decorate.

History

There is little evidence explaining the motive for the earliest mask wearing in Venice. One scholar argues that covering the face in public was a uniquely Venetian response to one of the most rigid class hierarchies in European history.

The first documented sources mentioning the use of masks in Venice can be found as far back as the 13th century. The Great Council made it a crime to throw scented eggs. The document decrees that masked persons were forbidden to gamble.

Another law in 1339 forbade Venetians from wearing vulgar disguises and visiting convents while masked. The law also prohibited painting one's face, or wearing false beards or wigs.

Bauta

 

Masks at the Carnival of Venice, with the "Bauta" mask shown on the left.

The bauta (sometimes referred as baùtta) is a mask, today often heavily gilded though originally simple stark white, which is designed to comfortably cover the entire face; this traditional grotesque piece of art was characterized by the inclusion of an over-prominent nose, a thick supraorbital ridge, a projecting "chin line", and no mouth. The mask's beak-like chin is designed to enable the wearer to talk, eat, and drink without having to remove it, thereby preserving the wearer's anonymity. The bauta was often accompanied by a red or black cape and a tricorn.

In the 18th century, together with a black cape called a "tabarro", the bauta had become a standardized society mask and disguise regulated by the Venetian government It was obligatory to wear it at certain political decision-making events when all citizens were required to act anonymously as peers. Only citizens (i.e., men) had the right to use the bauta. Its role was similar to the anonymizing processes invented to guarantee general, direct, free, equal and secret ballots in modern democracies. Also, the bearing of weapons along with the mask was specifically prohibited by law and enforceable by the Venetian police.

Given this history and its grotesque design elements, the bauta was usually worn by men, but many paintings done in the 18th century also depict women wearing this mask and tricorn hat. The Ridotto and The Apple Seller by Pietro Longhi are two examples of this from the 1750s.

Columbina

The Columbina (also known as Columbine and as a Columbino) is a half-mask, only covering the wearer's eyes, nose, and upper cheeks. It is often highly decorated with gold, silver, crystals and feathers. It is held up to the face by a baton or is tied with ribbon as with most other Venetian masks. The Columbina mask is named after a stock character in the Commedia dell'arte: Columbina was a maidservent and soubrette who was an adored part of the Italian theatre for generations. It is said it was designed for an actress because she did not wish to have her beautiful face covered completely. In fact, the Columbina is entirely a modern creation. There are no historic paintings depicting its use on the stage or in social life.

While both men and women now wear this mask, it began as a woman's analog to the bauta.

 

Medico della peste (The Plague Doctor)

A Medico della Peste mask.

The Medico della peste, with its long beak, is one of the most bizarre and recognisable of the Venetian masks, though it did not start out as carnival mask at all but as a method of preventing the spread of disease. The striking design originates from 17th-century French physician Charles de Lorme who adopted the mask together with other sanitary precautions while treating plague victims. The mask is often white, consisting of a hollow beak and round eyeholes covered with crystal discs, creating a bespectacled effect. Its use as a carnival mask is entirely a modern convention, and today these masks are often much more decorative.

The plague doctors who followed De Lorme's example wore the usual black hat and long black cloak as well as the mask, white gloves and a stick (so as to be able to move patients without having to come into physical contact with them). They hoped these precautions would prevent them contracting the disease. Those who wear the plague doctor mask often also wear the associated clothing of the plague doctor. The popularity of the Medico della peste among carnival celebrants can be seen as a memento mori.

 

Moretta / Servetta muta

The moretta (meaning dark one lady) or servetta muta (meaning mute servant woman) was a small strapless black velvet oval mask with wide eyeholes and no lips or mouth worn by patrician women. It derived from the visard mask invented in France in the sixteenth century, but differed in not having a hole to speak through. The mask was only just large enough to conceal a woman's identity and was held in place by the wearer biting on a button or bit (the women wearing this mask were unable to speak, hence muta) and was sometimes finished off with a veil. The Rhinocerous by Pietro Longhi depicts this mask in use in 1751. It fell into disuse about 1760.

 

Volto (Larva)

The volto (Italian for face) or larva (meaning ghost in Latin) is the iconic modern Venetian mask: it is often stark white though also frequently gilded and decorated, and is commonly worn with a tricorn and cloak. It is secured in the back with a ribbon. Unlike the moretta muta, the volto covers the entire face including the whole of the chin and extending back to just before the ears and upwards to the top of the forehead; also unlike the moretta muta, it depicts simple facial features like the nose and lips. Unlike the bauta, the volto cannot be worn while eating and drinking because the coverage of the chin and cheeks is too complete (although the jaw on some original commedia masks was hinged, this is not a commedia mask and so is never hingedâthe mouth is always completely closed).

 

Pantalone

Another classic character from the Italian stage, Pantalone, meaning he who wears the pants or father figure in Italian, is usually represented as a sad old man with an oversized nose like the beak of a crow with high brows and slanted eyes (meant to signify intelligence on the stage). Like other commedia masks, Pantalone is also a half mask.

 

Arlecchino

Arlecchino's half-mask is painted black with an ape-like nose and a "bump" to signify a devil's horn

Arlecchino, meaning harlequin in Italian, is a zanni character of the commedia. He is meant to be a kind of "noble savage", devoid of reason and full of emotion, a peasant, a servant, even a slave. His originally wooden and later leather half-mask painted black depicts him as having a short, blunt, ape-like nose, a set of wide, round, arching eyebrows, a rounded beard, and always a "bump" upon his forehead meant to signify a devil's horn. He is a theatrical counterpoint to and often servant of Pantalone, and the two characters often appeared together on the stage.

 

Zanni

A leather version of a Zanni mask, profile view

The Zanni character is another classic of the stage. His mask is a half mask in leather, showing him with low forehead, bulging eyebrows and a long nose with a reverse curve towards the end. It is said that the longer his nose, the more stupid he is. The low forehead is also seen as a sign of stupidity.

 

Mask-makers

The mascherari (or mask-makers) had their own statute dated 10 April 1436. They belonged to the fringe of painters and were helped in their task by sign-painters who drew faces onto plaster in a range of different shapes and paying extreme.

In popular culture

Venetian masks feature prominently in the film Eyes Wide Shut. Stores that supplied the masks include both Ca' Macana and Il Canovaccio in Venice.

Carnevale is depicted in the 2009 video game Assassin's Creed II. The main character, Ezio Auditore, is assisted by the artist Leonardo da Vinci in hunting down and assassinating the corrupt Doge of Venice during Carnevale; a golden mask, which Ezio must obtain to enter a private party held by the Doge, plays a significant role in this part of the game. Carnevale is also depicted in the 2005 video game Sly 3: Honor Among Thieves. The first episode of the game is set during Carnivale in 2001, and large enemies wear masks.

One of the greatest wide body kits of all time just got better.

Liberty Walk is one of the first pioneers of the aftermarket wide body kit. They have taken many iconic cars and simply made them better. By adding aerodynamics and revising body panels, car enthusiasts now have a more aggressive...

 

www.vividracing.com/blog/announcing-new-products-specials...

Perfectino - Range of Applications is infinite

I wanted to do this in all trans-clear to be like a stained glass window, but I really only had the red and yellow trans slopes. :-( Everything yellow except the top and bottom rows are floating.

Mule Nog (Update: Accepted!)

¡¡No mas agresiones y muertes inocentes!! ¡¡No al maltrato contra las mujeres!!

 

www.migualdad.es/ss/Satellite?blobcol=urldata&blobhea...

 

www.goear.com/listen/f118fde/malo-bebe

 

Madrid - 25/04/2012. Una vecina de toda la vida del barrio de Prosperidad (Chamartín), ha muerto degollada, supuestamente, por su marido, A. S. M. R., de 85 años. El presunto homicida se hizo heridas superficiales en los antebrazos en un tímido intento de suicidio.

 

Estepa (Sevilla) - 17/04/2012. Decenas de personas se han concentrado este martes de forma silenciosa ante el Ayuntamiento de Estepa en repulsa por el asesinato de una joven, que murió degollada supuestamente por su compañero, la mujer murió entre las 23 horas del pasado sábado y la 1.00 del domingo, por una sola herida en el cuello producida con un arma blanca, según los resultados de la autopsia practicada este martes. La agresión se produjo supuestamente a manos de su pareja, M.A.R.P., de 20 años, que luego intentó suicidarse.

 

Tuineje (Fuerteventura) - 15/04/2010. Sobre las 17.00, un familiar encontró a la mujer, de nacionalidad alemana, muerta en su casa. El cuerpo estaba tumbado en el suelo y rodeado de sangre, según informó la agencia Efe. Dos horas más tarde, la Guardia Civil detuvo como presunto agresor a la pareja de la víctima, un hombre de 38 años que, supuestamente, huyó tras matar a la mujer.

 

Sevilla - 15/04/2012. Una mujer ha muerto esta madrugada en su piso de Sevilla por heridas de arma blanca que, supuestamente, le causó su marido. Tras el crimen, el hombre salió de la casa, subió a la azotea del bloque y se arrojó al vacío. Los hechos ocurrieron alrededor de la 1.30 de este domingo en la calle Cisneo Alto de Sevilla, en el barrio Santa María de Ordás, una zona obrera pobladas de bloques de viviendas. El matrimonio tenía dos hijos ya mayores de edad.

 

Tolosa (Guipúzcoa) - 25/03/2012. Agentes de la Ertzaintza han detenido esta noche a un hombre en Tolosa (Guipúzcoa) acusado de matar a la mujer con la que mantenía una relación sentimental, según han informado fuentes de la Ertzaintza. La detención del hombre se produjo alrededor de las 23:00 horas de la noche de este domingo en el muncipio guipuzcoano de Tolosa, después de que su exmarido encontrara a la mujer muerta en su domicilio con signos de violencia.

 

Pinto (Madrid) - 29/02/2012. La mujer que fue hallada muerta el pasado lunes en una alcantarilla de Pinto (Madrid) en la que llevaba más de un mes muerta puede ser una peruana de unos 40 años cuya desaparición fue denunciada por sus familiares el pasado 8 de febrero en la comisaría de Usera-Villaverde, según han confirmado fuentes de la investigación. Desde ese día, la policía busca a su exnovio, de nacionalidad dominicana, del que se desconoce su paradero.

 

Valencia - 04/02/2012. Un hombre de 49 años se ha entregado esta mañana en el cuartel de la Guardia Civil de Carlet tras confesar que había matado a su pareja, de la misma edad, en el domicilio de esta, situado en la localidad valenciana de Guadassuar.

 

Granollers (Vallès Oriental) - 28/01/2012. Los Mossos d'Esquadra investigan la muerte de una mujer de unos 50 años de origen magrebí y madre de seis hijos cuyo cadáver fue hallado ayer al mediodía en un piso de Granollers (Vallès Oriental) con signos de violencia. La Guardia Civil ha detenido en Requena (Valencia) al compañero sentimental de la mujer.

 

Santa Coloma de Queralt (Tarragona) - 21/01/2012. El cuerpo sin vida de una mujer de 33 años fue hallado con heridas de arma blanca en su domicilio de Santa Coloma de Queralt (Tarragona). La policía detuvo el mismo día al presunto autor del homicidio, un hombre de 40 años y vecino de Sabadell (Vallès Occidental) que mantenía una relación sentimental con la víctima. La fallecida tenía dos hijos, de tres y siete años.

 

Alcaudete (Jaén) - 18/01/2012. Estrella A. M., de 45 años, salió de su casa poco antes de las diez de la noche a tirar la basura y en ese momento fue asaltada por su expareja, de la que se había separado hacía algo más de un año, en Noguerones, una pedanía de Alcaudete (Jaén). El presunto agresor le propinó varias puñaladas con un arma blanca causándole la muerte prácticamente en el acto.

 

Mollet del Vallès (Barcelona) - 13/01/2012. Una mujer de 57 años es apuñalada en su piso de Mollet del Vallès (Barcelona) por su compañero sentimental, de 21 años, detenido en el mismo lugar de los hechos.

 

Tarragona- 09/01/2012. Una mujer de 41 años es encontrada sin vida en la cama de su domicilio en Tarragona con dos cuchilladas en el pecho y cortes en las extremidades. Tenía dos hijas. Fue precisamente una de ellas quien dio la voz de alarma a los servicios de emergencia tras acercarse a la vivienda porque su madre no contestaba a sus llamadas y habían quedado para comer.

 

Zafra (Badajoz) - 07/01/2012. Un hombre de 81 años ha sido detenido y se encuentra hospitalizado después de que su mujer, de 80, fuera hallada muerta en un charco de sangre en su domicilio de Zafra (Badajoz). La investigación apunta a que se trata de un caso de violencia de género.

 

Puig-reig (Berguedà) (Barcelona) - 03/01/2012. La policía halla muerta a una mujer de 54 años en una masía aislada en la localidad de Puig-Reig, a unos 80 kilómetros al norte de Barcelona. La víctima fue asesinada a golpes con un objeto contundente por su marido, de 56 años.

 

Girona - 03/01/2012. Los Mossos d'Esquadra investigan la muerte de una pareja de nacionalidad ucraniana en Girona, el primer caso de violencia de género de 2012, como tal se condenó ayer en el Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad. Los cuerpos de ambos los encontró el domingo la hija en la vivienda de la pareja después de que esta intentara localizar a sus padres durante todo el día con continuas llamadas telefónicas. Fue ella quien llamó a los servicios de emergencia.

 

Sevilla - 29/12/2011. Un hombre mató supuestamente a puñaladas a su expareja la noche del martes en Marchena (Sevilla) e hirió asimismo a su novio. La mujer, de iniciales I. D. R. y 29 años, que sufría malos tratos desde 2004 y había denunciado tanto a su agresor este año como a una pareja anterior en el pasado. Su presunto asesino, F. F. G., de 35 años, con antecedentes penales y una orden de alejamiento en vigor, era familiar de la víctima y tenía con ella una hija de tres años. El hombre rompió la prohibición judicial de acercarse a su expareja y fue hasta su domicilio. Con una frialdad inusitada, antes de apuñalar a la mujer, sacó a su hija de la vivienda y la entregó a unos vecinos. Entonces agredió con el cuchillo a la pareja actual de la víctima, y posteriormente la mató de varias puñaladas, según fuentes de la investigación. Cuando los agentes de la Guardia Civil acudieron a la escena del crimen, el hombre les abrió la puerta y encontraron a la mujer en la cocina. Inmediatamente después detuvieron al agresor aún con manchas de sangre. El novio resultó herido leve.

 

Madrid - 09/12/2011. Una mujer ha sido asesinada por su marido en el piso en el que convivían en Madrid. La víctima, Fátima F., marroquí de 39 años, ha muerto apuñalada, ha informado Emergencias 112 y la Jefatura Superior de Policía. El crimen ha ocurrido en el domicilio de la pareja, situado en el número seis de la calle Alemania (barrio de la Ventilla del distrito de Tetuán), donde se encontraban los hijos de la víctima, un recién nacido y dos niñas de cinco y seis años. El cadáver lo ha descubierto una sobrina. El hombre, Alí D., también de 38 años y de la misma nacionalidad, se ha entregado a las ocho de la noche en la comisaría de Tetuán. No existían denuncias de malos tratos. Con este crimen, ascienden a 56 las víctimas mortales de la violencia machista en España en lo que va de año, nueve de ellas en la Comunidad de Madrid -cuatro más que en 2010 y 2009, y dos menos que en 2008-.

 

Barcelona - 28/11/2011. A las nueve de la mañana de ayer, Francisco V. B., de 41 años, salió de la casa donde vive con su mujer y su hijo y dio un paseo. Unos minutos más tarde, cogió su teléfono y marcó el número de emergencias. El hombre explicó a un agente de los Mossos d'Esquadra que acababa de mantener una fuerte discusión con su mujer. Francisco agregó que la pelea se le escapó de las manos y que acabó apuñalando a su esposa hasta matarla. El hombre expresó, por último, que tenía la intención de entregarse por lo que acababa de hacer.

 

Lleida - 03/11/2011. Los Mossos d'Esquadra han detenido esta mañana a un hombre como presunto autor de la muerte de su excompañera sentimental en Vielha (Lleida). La detención se ha producido a las 11.00 horas después de descubrirse el cadáver de la mujer en una vivienda de Vielha con signos evidentes de violencia. El homicida, que ya no compartía con ella el domicilio, ha sido localizado en el hospital de Vielha, donde había ingresado horas antes en estado grave tras sufrir un accidente de tráfico.

 

Zaragoza 02/11/2011. Un mujer de 29 años ha muerto degollada en Zaragoza en una vivienda situada en una zona del centro histórico de la ciudad juto al Ebro. La víctima tenía 29 años y era natural de Kazajistán. El presunto agresor es un hombre de 40 años , de nacionalidad española que ha llamado al 091 a las seis der la tarde para contar lo ocurrido. Cuando la policía llegó al domicilio , en la calle Pascual Albero, encontró a la víctima muerta. El hombre fue detenido y se encuentra en dependencias policiales. Los vecinos aseguraron que no conocían a la víctima y que tampoco sabían si eran pareja y vivían juntos. La policía confirmó que no existían denuncias precias por malos tratos.

 

Palma de Mallorca - 25/10/2011. El cadáver de Nuria Orol Sarabia fue hallado en la noche del lunes, con cuatro puñaladas en el tórax y el pecho, tendido en el suelo de su apartamento del Puerto de Andratx, en la isla Mallorca. Trabajadora -en paro- de establecimientos del sector turístico de la zona, tenía 24 años, era de nacionalidad española y madre de dos hijos, un niño y una niña de siete y dos años. Esta última estaba presente en la casa cuando aconteció el suceso.

 

Girona - 19/10/2011. La mujer nigeriana de 38 añostiroteada en la madrugada del lunes presuntamente por su pareja en una casa del barrio acomodado del Palau de Girona ha muerto esta tarde a las 15.20 horas en la UCI Hospital Josep Trueta de Girona, donde se encontraba ingresada en estado crítico. Su pareja, Bernard Andrighetto, empresario francés de 48 años, permanece detenido en una comisaría de Girona y los Mossos d?Esquadra le imputan un delito de homicidio.

 

Murcia - 18/10/2011. Un hombre de 57 años golpeó en la cabeza con un martillo a la mujer con la que convivía en compañía de sus tres hijos y después se suicidó en Espinardo (Murcia), ha informado un portavoz de la Policía Nacional.

 

Oviedo - 13/10/2011. Un hombre de 30 años ha sido detenido esta madrugada por matar a golpes durante una discusión a su novia, de 29, en el piso en el que convivían en Avilés (Asturias), según ha informado la Policía Nacional. El arrestado, de nacionalidad portuguesa, entró muy nervioso en un bar poco antes de las dos de la madrugada y confesó al camarero, al que conocía, que le parecía que había matado a su pareja, natural de Avilés. La víctima no había interpuesto ninguna denuncia por violencia machista contra su novio, si bien este ya había sido detenido por malos tratos a una pareja anterior.

 

Santa Cruz de Tenerife - 12/10/2011. Una mujer de nacionalidad italiana de 36 años ha fallecido esta madrugada en Puerto del Carmen, en el municipio de Tías (Lanzarote), tras ser asfixiada con un cable presuntamente por su pareja, un varón de origen senegalés. El presunto agresor, de 30 años y en situación irregular, acudió en torno a las 8.00, hora local, a la comandancia de la Guardia Civil en Puerto del Carmen para confesar los hechos, ocurridos en el domicilio conyugal.

 

Vigo - 11/10/2011. Un hombre de 41 años mató a su mujer, de 39, a cuchilladas en el domicilio familiar, en una parroquia de Vigo. Empleó un cuchillo de cocina. El presunto agresor, que acudió a la comisaría de Vigo para confesar su crimen, había abandonado recientemente el domicilio familiar, tras iniciar los trámites para su separación. La pareja tenía dos niños, de 13 y 8 años, ausentes en el momento del crimen.

 

Madrid - 22/09/2011. Una mujer de origen marroquí llamada Mina falleció anoche tras ser agredida con un arma blanca por su pareja en el interior de la peluquería que regentaba en Puçol (Valencia), según ha informado la Policía Local. La mujer había denunciado por maltrato en agosto pasado a su compañero sentimental, que ha sido detenido y sobre el que pesaba desde este mes una orden de alejamiento de la víctima de 200 metros.

 

Vinarós (Castellón) - 21/9/2011. Detienen a un hombre por la presunta implicación en la muerte de su mujer, cuyo cadáver fue localizado en una casa de la familia de la víctima en Amposta (Tarragona), según Efe. La mujer desapareció de Vinarós el jueves pasado en circunstancias extrañas, ya que salió a comprar y no volvió.

 

Santa Cruz de Tenerife - 18/09/2011. Clementina M.G, de 38 años, falleció ayer en Arona tras ser presuntamente apuñalada por su marido, Luis Domingo M.A., de 54 años, quien presentó heridas por arma blanca en tórax y abdomen al, supuestamente, intentar quitarse la vida, por lo que se encuentra custodiado en un centro hospitalario en el sur de Tenerife.

 

Sevilla - 18/09/2011. Lucía M. se disponía a coger un tren para Sevilla con sus amigas la noche del sábado, cuando vio a su expareja en la estación. Nunca cogió ese tren. Su antiguo compañero le asestó varias puñaladas con un cuchillo hasta matarla, muy cerca de la estación de Lora del Río, localidad donde ambos habían convivido.

 

Logroño - 31/08/2011. El cadáver de una niña de diez meses fue localizado anoche en el río Ebro a su paso por Logroño tras ser presuntamente ahogada por su padrastro, que después se entregó a la Policía Local. El desencadenante del suceso pudo ser una fuerte discusión entre el padrastro y la madre de la criatura -una joven de 17 años- junto a la Biblioteca Pública de la capital riojana, cerca del río, según ha informado hoy el concejal de Policía de Logroño, Miguel Sáinz, en una rueda de prensa.

 

Murcia 26/08/2011. Un hombre de 71 años se ha arrojando a las vías del tren a su paso por una pedanía de Murcia horas después de asesinar a su mujer de 75 que ha sido encontrada en su vivienda con heridas por arma blanca. La Policía encontraba el cadáver de Caridad E.P. en su domicilio del barrio murciano del Infante horas después del fallecimiento de su presunto asesino cuando intentaban notificárselo con una visita a la casa de ambos.

 

Bilbao - 23/08/2011. Un hombre sobre el que pesaba una orden de alejamiento mató ayer a su exmujer, de 36 años, en su domicilio en una céntrica calle de Bilbao. Ecuatorianos y padres de tres hijos -dos chicas y un chico, de entre 13 y 18 años-, se habían separado meses atrás tras una convivencia de dos décadas. Ayer por la tarde tuvieron una fuerte discusión. La escuchó un vecino que alertó a los servicios de emergencia. Cuando llegaron, Deisy Mendoza ya había sido apuñalada varias veces por su exmarido, Héctor, de 38 años.

 

Madrid - 09/08/2011. Semienterrada y con varias heridas por el cuerpo. Así fue hallada muerta junto al embalse de El Atazar la tarde del pasado sábado Giovanna Silva da Faria, una brasileña de 38 años. Horas antes había sido detenido su exmarido, el madrileño Manuel Antonio G. A. S., de 51 años, acusado de un delito de homicidio y otro de quebrantamiento de condena por desobedecer la orden de alejamiento de la mujer que le había impuesto un juez.

 

Barcelona - 06/08/2011. Los Mossos d'Esquadra encontraron ayer en una zona boscosa de Castellbisbal (Barcelona) un cadáver que, según todos los indicios, podría ser el de una mujer desaparecida el pasado 14 de mayo tras haber sido supuestamente asesinada por su marido, que se encuentra en prisión provisional.

 

Madrid - 03/08/2011. Fructuosa López y Julián Romero, un matrimonio de septuagenarios instalado hace medio siglo en un edificio gris del barrio de Vallecas, procedían de Castellar de Santiago, un pueblo de Ciudad Real. Una de sus dos hijas, que vive a un par de calles, intentó ayer abrir la puerta del piso donde vivían con unas llaves prestadas, pero algo al otro lado se lo impedía. Era el cadáver de su padre lo que bloqueaba la entrada. Más allá yacía muerta su madre.

 

Otura (Granada) - 20/07/2011. Una joven de 19 años llamada Mónica R.C. ha fallecido en Otura (Granada) tras ser golpeada presuntamente por su novio, un chico de 20 años. La agresión se produjo a última hora del martes en la calle Torreón, en el bario de El Hondillo, según ha informado la cadena SER. El joven golpeó presuntamente a su novia en reiteradas ocasiones y, al darse cuenta de la gravedad de las lesiones la llevó al hospital San Cecilio de Granada, donde falleció.

 

Valencia - 02/06/2011. Un hombre de 79 años presuntamente ha matado a su mujer, de 82 años, en la localidad valenciana de Museros y después se ha suicidado, según han informado fuentes de la Policía Local y de la Guardia Civil.

 

Mieres (Asturias) - 01/06/2011. Un hombre de 72 años ha matado esta mañana con un hacha a su mujer, de 64 años, en la localidad de Valdecuna, en el concejo asturiano de Mieres, según han informado fuentes de la Guardia Civil. El presunto agresor ha sido detenido.

 

Madrid - 31/05/2011. Una mujer española de 42 años, M. B. C., ha muerto sobre las dos y cuarto de la tarde en su domicilio de la localidad madrileña de Móstoles después de que su exmarido, V. P. M., también de 42 años y español, le asestara varias puñaladas en distintas partes de su cuerpo. Tras cometer el crimen, el hombre se ha intentado quitar la vida lesionándose con el mismo cuchillo, por lo que ha sido trasladado al hospital en calidad de detenido, acusado de homicidio.

 

Barcelona - 25/05/2011. Palmira C., de 80 años, estranguló presuntamente a su marido, Franciso G., de 81 y enfermo de alzheimer, ayer por la mañana en el piso en el que vivían, en el barrio de Poble Sec de Barcelona. Los vecinos del edificio aseguraron que las discusiones entre la pareja eran habituales y que en varias ocasiones se les había tenido que llamar la atención.

 

Oviedo - 23/05/2011. José Manuel Álvarez Fernández, un minero leonés de 42 años, ha matado esta madrugada con un machete de grandes dimensiones a tres familiares de su expareja, además de herir a esta y a su madre, en la localidad asturiana de Degaña. Los tres fallecidos son el padre, el hermano y el novio de la excompañera sentimental del presunto homicida, que sorprendió a las víctimas mientras dormían en el domicilio de la expareja tras destrozar la puerta con una maza. En la vivienda se encontraban los hijos que tuvo con la mujer, de 6 y 11 años, que no fueron agredidos ni presenciaron los hechos.

 

Madrid / Almería - 08/05/2011. La violencia de género continúa sumando víctimas. Las últimas en engrosar la lista negra de mujeres asesinadas a manos de sus compañeros sentimentales han sido una mujer de 30 años en Almería y otra de 40 años en Madrid.

La primera ha sido apuñalada sobre las 10.30 en la calle Vinaroz de la capital almeriense, horas. El sospechoso, V.F.C, un hombre de 42 años con el que estaba en trámites de separación, ha sido detenido después por la Policía Nacional. Ambos eran pareja de hecho, tenían dos hijos y no existía denuncia previa de la víctima por presuntos malos tratos.

Horas más tarde, una mujer de 40 años, de origen ecuatoriano, ha sido degollada presuntamente a manos de su marido en el domicilio que ambos compartían la en la Calle de Ascensión Bielsa, en el distrito madrileño de Puente de Vallecas.

 

Girona - 06/05/2011. Una mujer de 71 años ha sido asesinada esta mañana en su casa en Bescanó (Girona) en un presunto caso de violencia de género. Los Mossos d'Esquadra han detenido una hora y media después a su expareja, de 76 años, como presunto autor del crimen, que ha ocurrido en el centro de la localidad, cercana a Girona. La policía autonómica le acusa de un delito de homicidio.

 

Barcelona - 25/04/2011. Johnny B. A., de 32 años y de nacionalidad boliviana, fue detenido ayer en Santa Coloma de Gramenet (Barcelona) por los Mossos d'Esquadra por su presunta relación con la muerte de su pareja, cuyo cadáver apareció bajo el puente del Molinet de esa ciudad. La detención se produjo después de que la policía autonómica recibiera una llamada sobre la una de la madrugada de ayer advirtiendo de la presencia del cadáver. El caso se encuentra bajo secreto de sumario, y los Mossos d'Esquadra investigan las circunstancias que rodearon la muerte de la mujer, sin descartar, por ahora, ninguna hipótesis.

 

Alicante - 13/04/2011. La Guardia Civil y la subdelegada del Gobierno en Alicante, Encarna Llinares, han confirmado esta mañana que el fallecimiento de una mujer ayer en Mutxamel es un caso de violencia de género. La víctima, cuyo cadáver fue hallado por los bomberos al extinguir un incendio en su vivienda, presentaba nueve puñaladas. El supuesto agresor y marido de la fallecida está sedado e intubado en el hospital de San Juan, donde permanece custodiado por la Guardia Civil, según ha indicado la Comandancia de Alicante, que ha precisado que aún no ha sido detenido formalmente por su estado de salud.

 

Pamplona - 06/04/2011. El exnovio de Yanela Z. C., la joven de 22 años hallada muerta el lunes en una laguna de la localidad navarra de Beriáin, fue detenido ayer por la Policía Foral por su presunta vinculación con el caso. Según confirmó la directora del Instituto Navarro para la Igualdad (INAI), Sara Ibarrola, todo apunta a que se trata de un nuevo caso de violencia de género, que elevaría así a 18 el número de víctimas mortales del machismo en lo que va de año.

  

Madrid - 05/04/2011. Un joven de nacionalidad rumana estranguló ayer por la tarde a su pareja, de la misma nacionalidad y que estaba embarazada de cinco meses, en la localidad madrileña de Torrejón de Ardoz. Después de cometer el asesinato, se puso en contacto con el padre de él -y no de ella, como se había informado en un principio-, que vive en Rumanía, a través de una vídeoconferencia. Mediante una webcam, confesó los hechos y mostró al hombre el cadáver a la chica, de solo 19 años, y amenazó con matar también a la hermana pequeña de la víctima, que vivía con ellos.

 

Pamplona - 05/04/2011. La directora del Instituto Navarro para la Igualdad (INAI), Sara Ibarrola, ha afirmado que "todo parece indicar" que la muerte de Yanela Zaruma, la joven hallado muerta este lunes en la laguna de La Morea con signos de violencia, es un caso de violencia de género, si bien se ha remitido a la investigación policial.

 

Jaén - 22/03/2011. Una mujer de 44 años ha sido hallada muerta con una puñalada en el cuello en la localidad jienense de Torre del Campo. La Guardia Civil ha encontrado el cuerpo en la vivienda de su ex compañero sentimental, que ha sido el que ha llamado a emergencias y que ha sido detenido como presunto autor del crimen, según han informado fuentes de la Guardia Civil.

 

Granada - 22/03/2011. Una mujer de 62 años fue asesinada ayer, presuntamente, por su marido en Granada. El hombre, de la misma edad e iniciales C. M. C, confesó poco después a la Policía Local que había matado a su pareja con un cuchillo. Él está jubilado como agente del Cuerpo Nacional de Policía.

 

Madrid - 07/03/2011. La Guardia Civil ha detenido a Vicente S.M, español de 55 años, como presunto asesino de su Marylin Wilson, su expareja, de 52 años y de nacionalidad británica, que ha muerto apuñalada a primera hora de esta mañana en Fuente el Saz del Jarama, una pequeña localidad de 6.300 habitantes al norte de la Comunidad de Madrid.

 

Oviedo - 28/02/2011. La policía detuvo ayer en Avilés al marido de una mujer que falleció tras caer por la ventana de su casa, en un quinto piso. El hombre, de nacionalidad española y de 30 años, tenía una orden de alejamiento en vigor que le impedía acercarse a la fallecida, de 20 años y nacionalidad paraguaya. Sin embargo, parece que el matrimonio aún convivía, ya que en el momento en que la mujer se precipitó al vacío estaban en su domicilio su marido y los tres hijos de este.

 

Valencia - 23/02/2011. Una mujer de 32 años ha fallecido hoy de forma violenta en Valencia supuestamente a manos de su compañero sentimental, de 74, ha informado la Jefatura Superior de Policía.

 

Reus - 23/02/2011. En Tarragona, los Mossos d'Esquadra buscan a la pareja de una mujer de 44 años hallada muerta anoche en su vivienda de Reus con heridas de arma blanca, según fuentes próximas a la investigación.

 

Málaga - 15/02/2011. Una mujer de 37 años, Susana María Galeote, ha fallecido esta mañana en plena calle Villafuerte, en la barriada malagueña de El Palo, como consecuencia de un hachazo que le ha asestado su expareja, un hombre de 41, según fuentes policiales.

 

Almería - 06/02/2011 . Un hombre de 36 años, y de nacionalidad marroquí, mató el pasado jueves a su pareja sentimental y al hijo de esta -fruto de una relación anterior- en el piso que compartían los tres en la localidad de Roquetas de Mar (Almería).

 

Vitoria - 27/01/2011. España vivió otro día negro de violencia machista al aparecer una mujer muerta en Cartagena, por lo que se buscaba a su marido, y un matrimonio fallecido en Vitoria con claros indicios de que el hombre la mató y se suicidó. Con estos, en lo que va de enero hay que contar ya cinco casos de mujeres asesinadas por sus parejas.

 

Fuenlabrada - 19/01/2011. Un hombre estrangula a su pareja en el piso de Fuenlabrada en el que vivían.

 

Granada - 13/01/2011. Un ciudadano chino de 32 años de edad ha sido detenido este jueves en Granada como presunto autor de la muerte de una compatriota de entre 26 y 29 años.

 

Segovia - 13/01/2011. Un hombre mata a su mujer y a su hijo con disparos de escopeta y se suicida en Segovia.

 

Santa Maria de Palautordera (Vallès Oriental, Barcelona) - 17/12/2010. Francisco L. C., de 35 años asesinó a su esposa, Rosa María García Venteo, de 43 en su casa.

 

Badajoz - 16/12/2010. Un hombre ha matado hoy supuestamente a su ex pareja en Badajoz de uno o varios disparos y después se ha suicidado lanzándose al patio interior del bloque de viviendas en el que vivía la mujer.

 

Málaga - 08/12/2010. Una mujer de 27 años y nacionalidad china ha sido encontrada muerta con signos de violencia en un almacén de lencería del polígono del Guadalhorce, en Málaga, ha informado esta tarde el Cuerpo Nacional de Policía. La investigación apunta a que puede tratarse de un caso de violencia de género y está buscando a la pareja sentimental de la víctima, también de origen chino.

 

Barakaldo (Vizcaya) - 07/12/2010. Cristina Estébanez, de 25 años, ha sido asesinada presuntamente por su ex pareja en la localidad vizcaína de Barakaldo. El presunto asesino, de la misma edad y de origen cubano, ha herido también de gravedad al actual compañero de la víctima.

 

Alicante - 04/12/2010. Un joven de 23 años ha asesinado a navajazos esta tarde a su ex pareja, una mujer de la misma edad, según informa la Guardia Civil de Alicante.

 

Santa Cruz de Tenerife - 19/11/2010. Un hombre mata a su pareja e hiere a otras dos en su huida en coche.

 

Zafra - 10/11/2010. La joven degollada en Leganés sufría el acoso de su ex novio desde que dejaron la relación.

 

Sevilla - 03/11/2010. Muere en Sevilla una mujer degollada por su pareja.

 

Sevilla - 02/11/2010. Salud emite 17 partes diarios por casos de violencia machista.

 

NDT is a non-invasive technique that assesses the structural integrity of a material, component or structure without destroying its shape, size, chemical or physical properties.

 

X-ray of the engine of an Airbus A320 of the Austrian Airline Fleet at the Vienna International Airport. This type of NDT method is conducted to check if there is any internal damage. 21 July 2015

 

Louise Potterton/ IAEA

Writing an application essay is really important because its quality determines whether you will enter your dream college or you won't. So take a deep breath and follow the tips to wtite a topnotch application essay.

If you want to know more visit our website www.freelancehouse.co.uk

 

social media application

"For fuck's sake, I know you're there...."

 

*CLICK* "H-hello?"

 

"S'me, Arnie. I need your help."

 

"Oh, really?... well, that makes, two of us."

 

"Wait, what? Shit, hold on--Kevin! Don't touch my briefcase! My shit's in there!"

 

"Jerrick, look, it's really complicated--"

 

"I can handle complicated just fine. Alot the shit I deal with is---KEVIN! Goddammit!--complicated."

 

"Well, what do you want anyway?"

 

"Need me to test any other PA gizmos for you? I'll be your test dummy for pay. MMA is down for a bit for me, so I need something else for my daylife---KEVIN, I WILL TAKE YOU TO MY FUCKING SHED!!!"

 

"The hell are you yelling about?"

 

"I'll tell you some other time. Hell, you'll probably meet him sometime. Anyway, anything I can do for you?"

 

"S-sure. I don't wanna say it on the phone. Meet me at the Armory or something tomorrow at 12 PM. I'll be out front."

 

"Something up Arnie? You sound fucked up. Arnie? Hey, Arnie!"

.............

 

"Sonuva bitch hung up on me! The hell's up with the secrecy anyway?... I mean---KEVIN!!! HOW THE FUCK DID YOU OPEN THAT?!? NO!! I HAVEN'T PAYED THOSE TICKETS OFF YET YOU CURLY-TAILED ASSHOLE!!!"

www.newyorkshitty.com/greenpoint-goodness/97256

www.newyorkshitty.com/greenpoint-goodness/97256

San Sebastian - Spain

Application tracking spreadsheet, file management, stenciled envelope, photo corners, golden paper clips, 11 pages, just to apply for jobs?! Jeez.

collabee cowork groupware application

This is a shot of an old version of Anxiety, a dashboard widget running through Amnesty Singles that works as a simple to do list. However, I've since abandoned this version, in favor of a sleeker 100% cocoa application, which syncs with iCal and Mail; pictures of the newer version can be found in my flickr photos.

Project Location: Ellicott City, MD.

Project Name: Race Pace Bicycles

Product: 20 PSI, R-Tech (2" x 4 x 8 Sheets)

Application: Wall Insulation behind metal wall panels

Distributor: Morris Ginsburg - Brian Jones

Insulfoam Rep Group: Roof Pro

 

Race Pace Bicycles is retrofitting and expanding their shop and used 20 PSI R-Tech (2" x 4 x 8 Sheets) for wall insulation behind the metal wall panels. R-Tech supplied by Morris Ginsburg and installed by Roof Pro.

 

Photos courtesy of www.ahsarch.com

Ammon Heisler Sachs Architects, P.C.

www.ahsarch.com

 

More product information:

www.insulfoam.com/

 

Insulfoam Facebook:

www.facebook.com/Insulfoam

 

Insulfoam Twitter:

twitter.com/#!/Insulfoam

 

This is my current application folder. :)

Andy Garner, IAEA Nuclear Applications Laboratory Coordinator, shows IAEA Director General Yukiya Amano the location of the new ReNuAL site during the Director General’s visit to the laboratories in Seibersdorf on 12 April 2016.

 

From left to right: Andy Garner, IAEA Nuclear Applications Laboratory Coordinator, Yusuke Kuno, IAEA Director of Safeguards Analytical Services (SGAS), Yukiya Amano, Raja Abdul Aziz Raja Adnan, Special Assistant to the Director General for the IAEA Department of Nuclear Applications and Sciences and Department of Technical Cooperation.

 

Photo Credit: Dean Calma / IAEA

 

Avaya IP Office Customer Call Reporter with location-based business intelligence provides performance by geography allowing small and medium enterprises to personalize customer service.

1979

 

January 5, 1979

It was reported that the 1st Annual Bill McNeill Memorial Hockey Tournament was a big success. Over 600 players took part in the event. Kanata Standard, January 5, 1979:1.

 

January 5, 1979

Marianne Wilkinson, in her Commentary, announced that Kanata City Council had passed a resolution officially designating the names of the five existing communities in the City of Kanata. They were Bridlewood, Glen Cairn, Katimavik/Hazeldean, Beaverbrook, and March. Kanata Standard, January 5, 1979:1.

 

January 5, 1979

It was reported that the Kinette Club had donated a cart to a Glen Cairn family who had a young boy in a body cast. Robbie Boileau was due to be in the body cast another three weeks. Kanata Standard, January 5, 1979:2.

 

January 5, 1979

The newly formed Kanata Ski Club membership exceeded 100 families and a number of singles. Kanata Standard, January 5, 1979:3.

 

January 10, 1979

The first meeting of the Kanata Beaverbrook Community Association in 1979 was held. Approximately 30 residents attended. Newton Steacy stated: “The caliber of the executive and the new cluster directors is impressive.” The business of the meeting included a strongly supported motion to deliver the Standard to Glen Cairn for a four-month period. It was seen that this would allow time for the editorial board to urge Glen Cairn residents to submit articles and participate in the publication of a “community-owned” newspaper. Kanata Standard, January 16, 1979:2,6.

 

January 13, 1979

The Kanata Theatre presented “Everything in the Garden” to a large audience. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:15.

 

January 16, 1979

Kanata City Council decided to hold the first meeting of each month in different communities with the City of Kanata. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:1.

 

January 16, 1979

A debate continued in Kanata City Council over the appointment of an alderman to serve as Acting Mayor in the possible absence of Mayor Wilkinson. Alderman Rogers and Kingham were both nominated. The issue was resolved when Alderman Kingham withdrew from the contest, leaving Charles Rogers as Acting Mayor. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:1.

 

January 16, 1979

Kanata City Council discussed the Commissioners’ Report and decided to establish a Transportation Advisory Committee composed of a representative from each ward. Council agreed to the appointments of those representatives where only one name had been put forward. The balance was to be dealt with at the next meeting. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:1.

 

January 16, 1979

Kanata City Council agreed to hire a consultant to carry out a management study of the City of Kanata. Its purpose was to assist the municipality in detailing the numbers of employees required for 1979. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:6.

 

January 19, 1979

In a Standard feature article, Alan Seward reported that planning for a library branch in Glen Cairn was well under way. A temporary library was put in place for the time being. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:1.

 

January 19, 1979

Marianne Wilkinson, in her Commentary, announced that the Logo for the City of Kanata Contest would end on January 31. Kanata Standard, January 5, 1979:1.

 

January 19, 1979

The municipalities and hydro commissions in the Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton agreed to carry out a Restructuring Study on their hydro service. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:6.

 

January 19, 1979

Dogbone Park family skating rink opened for its first season. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:6.

 

January 19, 1979

The March Sailing Club held a successful Annual General Meeting. New Directors were Harry Holdsworth, Gerry Holt, John Perry, Gary Caple, Harry Adderly, Keith Hooey, and Robert Wilkinson. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:11.

 

January 20, 1979

The Kanata Singles held a very successful dance, with more than 100 members and guests attending. Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:5.

 

January 28, 1979

Tow truck drivers at Gallagher’s Garage were awakened by two nearby wolves. One of the wolves was shot and the other disappeared. Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:1.

 

January 29, 1979

At a joint meeting of the March and Glen Cairn Soccer Clubs was held. Both clubs were both dissolved to form a new Kanata City Soccer Club. The Board of Directors and Executive for the newly formed club were Allan Wilson, Sid Johnson, Jim Burrows, Bart Jones, John Brunette, John Dowell, Barry Felstead, Norbett Hendrycks, Lloyd Mason, John Rahim, Keith Richardson, Norbett Riester, Phil Shea, and Alan Waltho. Kanata Standard, January 19, 1979:8; Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:16.

 

January 31, 1979

Kanata City Council decided that a consulting engineering firm would be used to investigate structural problems in the Glen Cairn Community Centre. There had been crumbling walls in the building. Alderman Lund was upset that this could happen, and expressed the need to find the cause of the damage. Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:2.

 

February 2, 1979

Stephanie Paul reported that progress on the Town Centre may be slowed due to a lack of a major retail tenant for the first portion of the development. Many recognized the importance of the construction of the centre, due the unique history of Kanata and the fact that it had grown “from the outside in,” and as a result had no real centre. Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:1

 

February 2, 1979

The editors of the Kanata Standard announced that a new system of sub-editors was created to make the paper better and to “spread the activities of the paper to more helpers.” Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:2.

 

February 2, 1979

Al Craig wrote an article for the Standard on SS No. 1, March Public School. Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:2.

 

February 2, 1979

The results of two months of polling by the Glen Cairn Community Association executive indicated that a majority of the residents of Glen Cairn rejected the Kanata Standard. At the time, the Standard was a publication of the Kanata Beaverbrook Community Association. Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:10.

 

February 2, 1979

Events and activities for the City of Kanata Winter Carnival 1979 were published in the Standard. Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:20.

 

February 2, 1979

Doug Foster reported that the Winter Carnival ‘79 Duchess would be Marilyn Foster. Kanata Standard, February 16, 1979:3.

 

February 5, 1979

The first meeting of the City of Kanata Transportation Committee was held. It was primarily an advisory committee. A number of concerns that needed to be taken up with OC Transpo staff were discussed. Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:1.

 

February 6, 1979

An open Kanata City Council meeting was held in Glen Cairn. A number of concerns were brought to Council’s attention, including snow removal and garbage collection. Stephanie Paul reported that the Council meeting was well attended and “the exchange between council members and the audience was lively.” Kanata Standard, February 16, 1979:2,5,6.

 

February 7, 1979

James Gillies, noted economist and MP for Don Valley, spoke at a public meeting at the John Mlacak Centre. Kanata Standard, February 2, 1979:9.

 

February 16, 1979

Newton Steacy, in his KBCA President Report, stated the association’s intent to expand the distribution of the Standard. Each community association had expressed an interest in this except for the Glen Cairn executive. Their sentiment was based on the results of a recent survey done in that community. Steacy claimed that “the Glen Cairn executive was quick to support the negative vote” when the results indicated otherwise. Kanata Standard, February 16, 1979:3.

 

February 16, 1979

Garry Thom reported on housing in Glen Cairn. Thom pointed out that building by the two major developers in the area, Costain and Sandbury, was leveling off. Kanata Standard, February 16, 1979:5.

 

February 16, 1979

It was announced by the Canadian Housing Design Council that a Community Design Award go to the early stages of Kanata, as the area was known prior the formation of the City of Kanata. It was awarded jointly to the City of Kanata and Campeau Corporation. While giving out the award, Jean Ouellet stated: “The early development of Kanata resulted from the vision and enterprise of William Teron. The continued growth of the town in more recent years is a great credit to the planning and design concepts which he introduced, as well as to the municipality (the Township of March) and to the Campeau Corporation, the present owner and developer.” Kanata Standard, February 16, 1979:11.

 

February 16, 1979

Kanata’s Mitel Corporation announced the appointment of Burns Fry Limited as its fiscal agents to underwrite the first issue of Mitel stock to the pubic. Kanata Standard, February 16, 1979:14.

 

February 16, 1979

The National Capital Equestrian Park held its Annual General Meeting. Over 70 people attended. A new Executive and Board of Directors was elected and an auditor’s statement presented. Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:6.

 

February 17, 1979

The newly completed People Place recreation project officially opened. The John G. Mlacak Centre combined completion of the existing arena and the provision of new space for a variety of recreational pursuits. The project began in the spring of 1978. Kanata Standard, February 16, 1979:9.

 

February 20, 1979

Kanata City Council called for the provincial Minister of Revenue to reassess the value of all properties within the City of Kanata. Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:1,4.

 

February 22, 1979

Earl of March boys’ and girls’ teams were overall winners in cross-country skiing in the Provincial Championships after two days of competition. Among those placing were Bernie Saneer, Dave Bennett, Carolyn Champion Venessa Daniel, Peter Eiselle, Jenny Labenek, Nancy Labenek, Scott Laughton, Anne McTaggart, Bill Mlacak, Rob Parsons, and Bernie Sander. Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:12.

 

February 26, 1979

The Kanata Transportation Committee met with OC Transpo staff to exchange information and views related to some outstanding actions and key concerns of the Committee and local residents. Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:2.

 

March 1, 1979

The Kanata Book Fair was opened by Mayor Marianne Wilkinson, Trustee J. D. Lyon, and Robin Skuce from the office of the Commissioner of Official Languages. As of February 20th, 18,498 used books had been collected. A larger than expected crowd turned up for the opening of the event. Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:1; Kanata Standard, March 16, 1979:14.

 

March 2, 1979

A feature article appeared in the Standard discussing the need for a new school for Katimavik-Hazeldean. Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:1,5.

 

March 2, 1979

The winners of the Kanata City Logo Contest were published in the Standard. First prize went to a joint submission by Wendy, Ian, Shaun and Mary Lou Kingham from Beaverbrook. Moderate changes in color were made to the logo, to then be used on all City vehicles, letterhead, etc. Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:2.

 

March 2, 1979

Maurice Dubras began a series of articles appearing in the Standard on city matters discussed in City Council meetings. It was titled “Council in Action: Inside From the Outside”. Dubras reported this first Council meeting as a “quick and quiet affair.” Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:1.

 

March 2, 1979

The results of the Kanata Winter Carnival 1979 were published in the Standard. Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:13-15.

 

March 6, 1979

Kanata City Council held one of their “mobile meetings” in rural Kanata. Kanata Standard, March 2, 1979:1.

 

March 7, 1979

The Katimavik Beaverbrook Community Association held its Annual General meeting, combined with the regular monthly meeting. Twenty-seven cluster directors and 6 guests attended. The meeting focused on the management of 1978's money and budgeting for 1979. Kanata Standard, March 16, 1979:2,5.

 

March 13, 1979

Kanata City Council recommended that a fire station be built on the March Central School site to serve the rural areas of the City. The project, still needing ratification, was budgeted at $201,000. Kanata Fire Chief Jim Snider appeared at the meeting, to help make the case for the new station. Standard, March 30, 1979:2,5.

 

March 16, 1979

Marilyn Foster wrote a feature on a new Katimavik Co-operative Nursery School in Kanata. Kanata Standard, March 16, 1979:1.

 

March 16, 1979

It was announced that Kanata Scouts, Joe Nyenhuis and Alex Guruprasad, hoped to attend a mini-jamboree in Sweden. Fundraising events were planned. Kanata Standard, March 16, 1979:7.

 

March 16, 1979

Garry Thom reported in the Standard that Iber Homes intended to erect 31 single dwelling and 3 doubles at the corner of Highway 7 and Seabrooke Drive in Glen Cairn. Thom stated that this was “contrary to the Report on Housing Construction” that appeared in the previous issue of the Standard. Kanata Standard, March 16, 1979:16.

 

March 16, 1979

Al Craig wrote an historical piece in the Standard on the Hazeldean Rural Telephone Company. Kanata Standard, March 16, 1979:19.

 

March 25, 1979

Dunrobin resident Robert Conye’s car was vandalized after he left it on along the side of Highway 17 due to mechanical difficulties. All the windows were smashed, the body dented, and the contents looted, to the point were it was expected that the car would be a write-off. Kanata Standard, March 30, 1979:1.

 

March 25, 1979

Kim Woolford saved 5-year-old Trevor MacLean from near-drowning in Bluegrass Park. Trevor had slipped into the water when some ice gave way. Standard, March 30, 1979:1.

 

March 29, 1979

The Regional Planning Committee held a final series of hearings on the Conservation Lands Proposal, as revised by the Planning Committee. Kanata Standard, March 16, 1979:4.

 

March 30, 1979

Alderman Bob Kingham wrote, in his As I See It column, that Cadillac-Fairview was “exploiting the real issue” when they petitioned the Cabinet of Ontario to reverse an OMB decision that rejected their “energy conserving” community development proposal. A Standard editorial added: “This project is in the wrong place and at the wrong time. When Kanata has 93,000 population, a risk of this sort could perhaps be considered, certainly not now.” Subsequently, Kanata City Council gave its support for the project and the petition to the provincial government, though by a narrow vote of 4-3. Standard, March 30, 1979:1,2,4.

 

April 9, 1979

Kanata City Council approved the construction of a fire station in the rural part of the municipality, to be funded by money authorized by the former Township of March. Kanata Standard, April 12, 1979:14.

 

April 9, 1979

The Kanata Public Library opened a temporary facility in Glen Cairn, next to the Glen Cairn Arena. Kanata Standard, June 22, 1979:1.

 

April 10, 1979

The 1979 budget of $33,666,852 for the Carleton Separate School Board was approved. As William Broadfoot reported, this amount allowed for an expenditure up to the ceiling set by the Ministry of Education of $1409 per pupil. Difficult decisions were made during the budgetary process, however the Board managed to budget to maintain the current pupil-teacher ratio and the same quality of programs. Kanata Standard, April 27:9.

 

April 12, 1979

It was reported that Wayne Hutt, Manager of Thermocell Insulation, and Dan Ciona, Administrator for the City of Kanata, had met to discuss some of the difficulties with paper collection. The amount of paper collection had greatly exceeded the previous year, to the point where Thermocell’s collection ability was overloaded. Kanata Standard, April 12, 1979:1

 

April 12, 1979

Federal Conservative MP Paul Dick announced his candidacy for Lanark-Renfrew-Carleton. Dick was first elected in 1972. Kanata Standard, April 12, 1979:14.

 

April 12, 1979

The new Executive for Kanata Ladies Bowling was announced. It included Erm Boyd, Mich Gardner, Wafa Abov, Carol Redmond, Alana Schyburt, and Mina Blovin. Kanata Standard, April 12, 1979:15.

 

April 12, 1979

It was reported that Newton Steacy spoke to KBCA about the incorporation of the Kanata Standard, and expressed that it would be postponed because it was a very complicated task to be attempted at the time. Kanata Standard, April 12, 1979:1 Kanata Standard, April 12, 1979:6.

 

April 18, 1979

The March Sailing Club held its General Meeting. Members voted to make amendments to the constitution and change their name to the Kanata Sailing Club. Kanata Standard, April 27:16.

 

April 19, 1979

Students and staff at Earl of March School opened their production of “Swinging High.” Ron Andoff stated that they did a “bang up job” on the musical. Kanata Standard, April 12, 1979:1; Kanata Standard, April 27:1.

 

April 19, 1979

It was reported that after a successful campaign the Standard would be delivered in Glen Cairn to subscribers only. This marked a departure from the Standard’s concept of delivery to every household, which was the result of the Glen Cairn Community Association’s decision not to support a citywide distribution of the Standard. Kanata Standard, April 27:1.

 

April 26, 1979

A presentation by the Canadian Design Council honoured both the developers and residents of the community. Kanata had previously impressed a jury traveling across Canada visiting towns, city neighborhoods and prestigious areas of suburbia. Sharon Clayton stated that Kanata “impressed the judges with its landscaping, especially the rock outcroppings that have been used to dramatic advantages.” Three plaques were presented, one to Mayor Wilkinson, another to Ratan Rege of Campeau Corporation, and the third to William Teron, who was the driving force behind the creation of Kanata. Marianne Wilkinson later stated in her Commentary: “The award was not based solely on physical design of the community, but also on the evident interest of the residents and the active involvement between the residents and the municipal government in creating and maintaining the community design concepts.” Kanata Standard, May 11, 1979:1,2.

 

April 26, 1979

The Nepean Arts Association held its inaugural meeting. Its objectives included fostering public awareness of the visual and performing arts, encouraging co-operation among artistic groups, promoting future developments, facilities, and programs for artistic activities, and serving as a liaison with regional, provincial and national arts bodies. Kanata Standard, October 12, 1979:18.

 

April 27, 1979

Through an editorial in the Standard, the need for a pedestrian overpass to bridge the Queensway was questioned. Kanata City Council had previously promoted the construction of the bridge. In a letter to the Editor, Ihor Nakonecznyj also questioned the logic supporting the overpass, and concluded that more questions needed to be dealt with before spending over half a million dollars and “satisfying a need which may turn out to be a political illusion.” Kanata Standard, April 27:2.

 

April 27, 1979

Tony Jarvis introduced his new column for the Standard, The Kanata Industrial Scene. His goal was to increase the media coverage of the industrial sector. Kanata Standard, April 27:6.

 

April 27, 1979

It was reported that Operation Identification was underway in Glen Cairn. Engravers were making their rounds of homes to put identifying marks on valuable items. Kanata Standard, April 27:11,14.

 

April 27, 1979

A candidate profile for Paul Dick, PC MP for Lanark-Renfrew-Carleton, appeared in the Kanata Standard. Dick stated: “We must get Canada going again.” Kanata Standard, April 27:13.

 

April 27, 1979

The new executive for the South March Women’s Institute, the result of an Annual General Meeting, was published in the Standard. It included Brenda Turner, Donna Cummings, June Denys, Nicole Butler, Mary Noble, Nancy Medynski, Shirley Yakabuski, Myrt Nugent, Katie Vance, Angela Tucker, Ann Ward, and Joyce Arrowsmith. Kanata Standard, April 27:14.

 

April 27, 1979

Walter Baker, PC candidate in the riding of Nepean-Carleton, had an article published in the Standard. Baker stated that “Pierre Trudeau’s monuments clutter the landscape; low morale in the Public Service; a language policy intended to unite but which has in fact divided; young people worried about their futures; a tax system that burdens small business and drains incentive; a country that thinks more in terms of its parts than the sum of its parts — all of this created by a ‘leadership’ which is more style than substance.” Kanata Standard, April 27:18.

 

April 27, 1979

An article appeared in the Standard featuring Pat Carroll, former March Township Councillor and principal of AY Jackson Secondary School in Kanata, as the Liberal candidate for the riding of Lanark-Renfrew-Carleton. Carroll had been living and involved in Kanata since 1972. Carroll stated that Canada is not on the “brink of disaster,” and that the country had done well in the past decade in comparison with other OECD countries. Kanata Standard, April 27:21.

 

May 1, 1979

It was the official opening of the Katimavik Hazeldean Community Centre, concurrent with the first Kanata City Council meeting in that community. Murray Duke, Chairman of the Katimavik Hazeldean School Task Force, reviewed the findings and recommendations of the report to Council. Maurice Dubras stated in his Council In Action column: “The level of support Council gives to the Task Force findings will be critical when it comes to persuading the School Board to revise its construction schedule. There appeared to be very little doubt in the minds of those residents present or represented that a community school is very high on their priority list.” Kanata Standard, May 11, 1979:1,22.

 

May 11, 1979

It was reported that there were over 325 paid subscribers of the Kanata Standard in Glen Cairn. Gaining subscriptions in the area became a necessary move due to the lack of support for the Standard from the Glen Cairn Community Association. Kanata Standard, May 11, 1979:2.

 

May 11, 1979

A Standard editorial stated that not much was learned at a recent All Candidates Meeting and stated: “Paul Dick, the PC man attacked the Prime Minister, the Liberal hopeful, Pat Carroll attacked the Leader of the Opposition and Colin Gilhuly from the NDP spoke of the rosy future that we could have under that party, if by some miracle , they could form a Government.” Kanata Standard, May 11, 1979:2.

 

May 11, 1979

Carol Dougherty wrote an article on John Cabotto, a Kanata restaurant operated by Dominique and Angleo. She raved that they “set about to determine the gastronomical needs of the community and in my opinion have succeeded in meeting those needs.” Kanata Standard, May 11, 1979:9.

 

May 11, 1979

In his regular column, The Kanata Industrial Scene, Tony Jarvis featured Digital Equipment of Canada Ltd. Company president, Denny Doyle, commented on the decision to locate in Kanata that the protection of jobs for employees living in the area was a primary concern. Doyle stressed the high community involvement of the firm. Kanata Standard, May 11, 1979:10.

 

May 15, 1979

The Annual Meeting of the March Hockey Association was held at the Bill McNeill Memorial Hall. Kanata Standard, May 11, 1979:15.

 

May 20, 1979

The interior of the home of Joan Geeck on Jackson Court was damaged by a fire. The house was owned by Cathy Boyden. There was in excess of $10,000 damage to the house; the household pets, a Highland Terrier and several gerbils, were lost in the fire. Kanata Standard, May 25, 1979:1.

 

May 21, 1979

Mayfair 1979 and its various events began. The Rural area of Kanata won the annual Mayfair Lob-Ball Tournament. It was also the 14th Annual Dance and Casino. Over 400 people attended the dance May 26. Kanata Standard, May 11, 1979:12-13; Kanata Standard, June 8, 1979:6,7

 

May 22, 1979

In the federal election, Paul Dick was re-elected as MP in Lanark-Renfrew-Carleton and Walter Baker was re-elected MP in Nepean-Carleton.

 

May 25, 1979

Glen Cairn resident Jennifer Anne Waugh won the Jean Phillips, Campership to Camp Bitobi award. The camp, in Gracefield Quebec, was for explorers and other young girls looking for summer fun in a religious atmosphere. Kanata Standard, May 25, 1979:3.

 

May 28, 1979

Stephen Leacock School grade six students said their good-byes to Quebec exchange students on their return to Kanata. The exchange was part of an immersion program initially proposed by Principal Robert Bullock. Kanata Standard, June 8, 1979:1.

 

May 29, 1979

A public forum on Declining Enrolment and The Community was held to discuss reduced education funding by the Ontario government and enrolment issues. Kanata Standard, May 25, 1979:14.

 

May 29, 1979

The Annual General Meeting of the Local Association of Kanata Guides and Brownies was held. The new executive included H. Bennett, Sandra Plumley, P. Williams, J. Arrowsmith, J. Higgins, S. Lewis, V. Guy, O. Froud, R. Hooey, P. Gale, D. Lougheed, N. Mackay, J. Williams, V. Westmore, Y. Ludlow, B. Thamer, and P. Conacher. Kanata Standard, June 8, 1979:4.

 

June 4, 1979

Changes occurred to the No.73 bus schedule. The changes, approved by the Kanata Transportation Committee, also eliminated the No. 70, and extended the No. 46 route to Bridlewood. Kanata Standard, May 25, 1979:1,3.

 

June 5, 1979

Kanata City Council approved its 1979 budget. Expenditures were estimated at $3,208,074. The mill rate remained the same as it had been for March Township the previous year. Bridlewood mill rates decreased 40 percent. Glen Cairn Community experienced roughly a 12 percent decrease. Marianne Wilkinson later commented that the 1979 budget “should keep the City in a healthy financial state.” Kanata Standard, June 8, 1979:1,12.

 

June 8, 1979

In his column The Kanata Industrial Scene, Tony Jarvis featured Lumonics Research Ltd. Jarvis reported that since the inception of the laser firm in 1970, Lumonics had grown at a rate better than 50 percent annually, “developing a wide range of laser products for both scientific and industrial applications.” Kanata Standard, June 8, 1979:2.

 

June 8, 1979

The results of the Mayfair pet show were published in the Standard. Winners of the four main categories were Kirk Brant's tarantula, Alison Bill's cat Tiger, Rob Holt's spoodle Muffin, and Brenda Bedford's keeshound Dusty. Kanata Standard, June 8, 1979:5.

 

June 9, 1979

The Kanata Ballet School presented their bi-annual recital. Sharon Clayton, in a review of performance, stated that she was “impressed with the professional atmosphere on the stage, and behind the scenes.” Kanata Standard, June 22, 1979:9.

 

June 11, 1979

A new executive was selected at a Glen Cairn Community Association meeting. It included Colin Gillieson, Leon Asselstine, Barry Martin, Graham Ball, Joe Ryan, and Cathy Ireland. Kanata Standard, June 22, 1979:3.

 

June 13, 1979

A book-publishing celebration at a Katimavik home was held. Louise Reynolds, with the assistance of her husband Ralph, researched and wrote Agnes, the Biography of Lady Macdonald. Kanata Standard, June 22, 1979:9.

 

June 16, 1979

There was an official opening of the Glen Cairn Flood Control Works. Mayor Marianne Wilkinson and Councilors Charlie Rogers, and Bob Kingham attended. The Carp River, which had flooded the Glen Cairn area since the 1970's, was to be detained in a reservoir and released at a slow rate. Kanata Standard, June 22, 1979:1.

 

June 19, 1979

Final approval was given by Kanata City Council for the pedestrian overpass to bridge the Queensway. Kanata Standard, June 22, 1979:1.

 

June 19, 1979

Kanata City Council gave preliminary approval for the Hazeldean Centre, a shopping mall located on the northwest side of the intersection of Hwy. 7 and Young Road in Katimavik/Hazeldean. Kanata Standard, June 22, 1979:1.

 

June 19, 1979

Kanata City Council decided to adopt pay-as-you-go rates for the three Kanata pools. Kanata Standard, June 22, 1979:1.

 

June 19, 1979

The Town Centre Secondary Plan and the Rural Plan were both approved by Regional Council. There were only minor word changes to the Town Centre Plan, and development was expected to proceed on a limited basis later in the year. Kanata Standard, June 22, 1979:1,12.

 

June 25, 1979

Mayor Marianne Wilkinson was on hand to officially inaugurate the new Katimavik Pool. Kanata Standard, July 6, 1979:12.

 

July 3, 1979

Kanata Scouts Alex Guruprasad, Stephen Heard, Michael Nyenhuis, and Joe Nyenhuis began their travel to Denmark and Sweden, to attend an international camp in Sweden. Kanata Standard, July 20, 1979:20.

 

July 6, 1979

It was reported that the Ontario Municipal Board had approved Kanata’s request to debenture $200,000 towards the construction of the pedestrian bridge over the Queensway. The total cost was estimated at $438,000. Kanata Standard, July 6, 1979:1.

 

July 6, 1979

It was reported that the federal government had awarded a $30,000 contract to Mitel Corporation of Kanata to study silicon chip production for Telidon. Kanata Standard, July 6, 1979:11.

 

July 20, 1979

The Kanata Public Library Board announced that plans were underway for a new branch library in Kanata South. A sub-committee was struck for further investigation. Kanata Standard, July 20, 1979:2.

 

July 22, 1979

Two cars, driven by Bruce McLean and Steve Kominski, collided at the intersection of Teron and Beaverbrook Roads. There was extensive damage to both cars and only minor injury to a pedestrian. Kanata Standard, August 3, 1979:10.

 

July 28, 1979

Bridlewood held a birthday party to celebrate its second year of growth. Kanata Standard, July 20, 1979:7; Kanata Standard, August 3, 1979:1.

 

August 3, 1979

A proposed expansion for the March Montessori School was finalized. This was driven by a growing demand for Montessori education in the community. Kanata Standard, August 3, 1979:9.

 

August 8, 1979

As part of Project 4000, the first Vietnamese family arrived in Kanata. The Voong’s were set up in a house donated by Campeau Corporation for one year, including heat and hydro. Project 4000 had been previously launched by Ottawa Mayor Marion Dewer, who had also recommended that Kanata set up a committee to coordinate local efforts. Subsequently, a Co-ordinating Committee was struck. Kanata Standard, July 20, 1979:1,2; Kanata Standard, August 17, 1979:1.

 

August 14, 1979

Kanata City Council recommended that the Mayor’s annual salary would rise from $11,000 to $20,000 and the Aldermen’s from $4,500 to $6,500. It would come under final approval in September, 1979. Kanata Standard, August 17, 1979:1.

 

August 17, 1979

In a letter to the editor, Maurice Dubras and his family said their good-byes to Kanata. They stated: “We are about to embark on a very different life style in the knowledge that no other urban community could compare with Kanata. Kanata Standard, August 17, 1979:2.

 

August 28, 1979

Two Kanata youths, 17-year-old Douglas Conner and 16-year-old Chris Quinsey, were killed in an automobile accident. The incident took place on the Huntley Town Line Road, where the vehicle overturned into the Carp River. Kanata Standard, August 31, 1979:1.

 

August 31, 1979

It was reported that 17-year-old Kanata resident Lindsay Eltis had won an all-expense-paid trip to the Alberta oil sands. He had participated in the Canada-wide Science Fair in London Ontario, and was recognized as having the best environment-related project in the fair’s senior division. Kanata Standard, August 31, 1979:1.

 

August 31, 1979

Meetings between officials from the City of Kanata ad the Provincial Ministry of Culture and Recreation were held to discuss a proposed $12,000 recreation study for the City. It was to be completed by August, 1980. Kanata Standard, August 31, 1979:1.

 

September 8, 1979

A successful Glen Cairn Fun Fair was held. Kanata Standard, September 14, 1979:1.

 

September 12, 1979

Kanata City Council met in the Katimavik Community Centre, and asked residents for input on alterations to ward boundaries. Kanata Standard, September 14, 1979:1.

 

September 12, 1979

An extreme-noise by-law was proposed by Kanata City Council, which would prohibit many normal activities if they produced an audible sound. Only Alderman Bob Kingham objected. Activities prohibited at various hours or days would include racing the engine of a car, operating a lawn mower, operating a radio or hi-fi set, yelling, barking by a dog, ringing of Church bells, etc. Kanata Standard, September 14, 1979:1.

 

September 14, 1979

A Standard editorial emphasized that the newspaper, as a rather large community-owned operation, relied heavily on volunteers. The editors stated that recent editions had been lacking in “hard” news and investigative articles, due to their “cadre of volunteers” becoming “alarmingly small.” Kanata Standard, September 14, 1979:2.

 

September 14, 1979

The Interlangues School of Languages announced the opening of its West End School in Kanata. Kanata Standard, September 14, 1979:7.

 

September 14, 1979

It was reported that a group of residents, led by Alderman Jean Gubby, were pushing for a Committee to support the Ottawa Civic Hospital’s five year Development Plan. Kanata Standard, September 14, 1979:16.

 

September 16, 1979

A ceremonial sod-turning occurred at St. Paul’s Anglican Church to mark the beginning of construction of a new church hall. Kanata Standard, September 28, 1979:1.

 

September 16, 1979

A Kanata concert debut to begin the fall season was held at the Earl of March Auditorium. Kanata Standard, September 28, 1979:9.

 

September 22, 1979

The Kanata Singles began their fall season of dances. Kanata Standard, September 14, 1979:14.

 

September 28, 1979

In a Standard editorial, Isa Clayton criticized Council for spending valuable time on things like the recently proposed anti-noise by-law. Clayton stated: “As it stands Kanata has far too MANY restrictions” and that if Council “have nothing more constructive to do with OUR time, we employ them on a part-time basis.” Kanata Standard, September 28, 1979:2.

 

September 28, 1979

Bob Kingham stated in a Standard article that the noise by-law recently introduced by Kanata City Council had “evoked more public interest in our new city than any other single issue since the election.” He had received around 50 calls on the issue. Kanata Standard, September 28, 1979:1.

 

September 28, 1979

The City of Kanata and the Recreation Department opened a room in the John Mlacak Centre to be used as a Teen Centre. Kanata Standard, September 28, 1979:11.

 

September 29, 1979

The 7th Annual City of Kanata Oktoberfest was held. Kanata Standard, September 14, 1979:10-11.

 

October 3, 1979

The Kanata Beaverbrook Community Association held a General Meeting. It was reported as being a very “contentious” meeting, which eventually led to the adoption of a new constitution and set of by-laws. A motion was also passed to extend the term of the current Board of Directors and Executive to June 15, 1980. Kanata Standard, October 12, 1979:1.

 

October 9, 1979

In a Kanata City Council meeting, Mayor Wilkinson indicated that there may be potentially large increases in taxes. Kanata Standard, October 12, 1979:1.

 

October 12, 1979

The City of Kanata Auditor’s Report for 1979 was published in the Standard. Kanata Standard, September 28, 1979:12-13.

 

October 13, 1979

There was a musical performance by David Gailbraith and Friends. Fred Boyd reported that the presentation made for a “very enjoyable evening.” Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:20.

 

October 15, 1979

A meeting was held to discuss the future of the Kanata Standard newspaper. Plans were put in place to ensure meeting growing needs and opportunities of the “enlarged” paper. Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:1.

 

October 17, 1979

The Kanata Beaverbrook Community Association held its New Residents’ Night. Over 50 people attended. Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:1.

 

October 17, 1979

Steinberg’s 9th and largest store was opened for business at Hazeldean Mall. Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:5.

 

October 17, 1979

Towers Department Store opened in Hazeldean Mall. Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:6.

 

October 18, 1979

The Stittsville and District Snowmobile Association held its Annual General Meeting. Kanata Standard, October 12, 1979:8.

 

October 20, 1979

The Kinsmen Club of West Carleton held their 1st Annual Lobster & Beef Night. Over 300 people attended the event.

 

October 24, 1979

The Kanata Theatre opened its season with Forty Carets. It was directed by Laurence Thornton and the cast included Marg Awthority, Murray Hayes, Rosie Keneford, Mary Mauger, Jennifer Jermyn, Paula Wilke, Liane Freedman, Bob Knight, Jim Ritchie, and Barrie Kirk. Kanata Standard, October 12, 1979:18.

 

October 26, 1979

A feature article in the Standard outlined events rendering a hydro utility possible in Kanata. Art Bowker was reported as stating that he was recommending that a hydro utility be established for the City, and that the final report would go to the Minister of Energy. Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:1.

 

October 26, 1979

The Air Cadet League of Canada, in cooperation with the Kiwanis Club, announced their intent to form an Air Cadet Squadron in Kanata. Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:11.

 

October 26, 1979

The New Amended Kanata Beaverbrook Community Association Constitution of October 3 was published in the Standard. Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:14-15.

 

October 26, 1979

Regional Council held a Special Regional Council meeting to deal with the report on Environmental Lands, formerly called Conservation Lands for the Region. A provision was made to allow some use of plans of subdivision to permit both landowners and local municipalities to have a greater degree of flexibility in dealing with the use of environmental lands. Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:18-19; Kanata Standard November 9, 1979:1,12; Kanata Standard, November 9, 1979:1,12.

 

October 26, 1979

Information on the new Kinsmen Participark was published in the Standard. Kanata Standard, October 26, 1979:21-3.

 

October 30, 1979

An official reception was held to celebrate the opening of Hazeldean Mall. Kanata Standard, November 9, 1979:10

 

November 6, 1979

The Carleton School Board Committee held a Whole Committee meeting to consider the five-year capital plan and the priorities for future school construction. Kanata Standard, November 9, 1979:2.

 

November 9, 1979

A feature in the Standard updated Project 4000 and the status of the first Vietnamese family sponsored in Kanata as part of the program. Kanata Standard, November 9, 1979:1,12.

 

November 20, 1979

There was a sod-turning ceremony to mark a major expansion of the Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Commercial Products, located in the Kanata North Industrial Park. Kanata Standard, November 23, 1979:1.

 

November 22, 1979

Kanata youth Bill Casley was presented with a personal bravery award by the Kanata-Carleton Rotary Club. The previous August, Casley had pulled David Malloy from a burning car just before it exploded. November 23, 1979:11.

 

November 23, 1979

The President of the National Capital Equestrian Park announced that a Wintario grant approval was given to cover 50 percent, or $416,612, of an all-weather indoor riding arena. Kanata Standard, November 23, 1979:13.

 

November 26, 1979

A meeting was held in Rural March to discuss whether or not to remain part of Kanata or to become part of West Carleton.

 

November 27, 1979

Kanata City Council passed a by-law authorizing the acquisition of land, the design and construction of a library in Glen Cairn. It was estimated to cost $502,000. Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:13.

 

November 27, 1979

Kanata City Council approved the acquisition of land and the architectural design fees for a new rural fire hall, estimated at $155,000.

 

November 30, 1979

Mitel officially opened its Kanata headquarters. The company was already planning further expansion to its Kanata, Ogdensburg and Puerto Rico plants. Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:21.

 

December 1, 1979

The City of Kanata celebrated its 1st birthday. Approximately 400 people attended a the festivities at Glen Cairn Community Centre. Campeau Corporation provided several birthday gifts, including a Campeau University Scholarship, a giant outdoor skating rink, and a giant toboggan run. Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:1.

 

December 1, 1979

Mayor Wilkinson presented the Kingham family with a mounted picture of their winning logo design for the City of Kanata at the City’s 1st birthday. Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:31.

 

December 4, 1979

Kanata City Council opened their meeting with a tribute to Alderman Lund for his work on the Hydro Committees leading up to an agreement to set up a city Hydro Utility. Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:1.

 

December 4, 1979

Kanata City Council approved a motion in principle to change the name of Highway 17 to March Road. Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:4.

 

December 7, 1979

An article by Carol Dougherty, based on interview with Mayor Marianne Wilkinson with regard to the first year of the City of Kanata, was published in the Standard. Dougherty wrote: “Not unlike the parents of a first newborn, the mayor and council have frequently relied upon trial and error and upon their own judgment to make decisions. In fact the lack of precedent, policy or procedure has forced council to learn through experience and to grow with the city.” Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:6.

 

December 7, 1979

Bob Kingham commented in an article in the Standard on the first year of the City of Kanata. Kingham stated: “...you cannot make a community by Law. First and foremost it takes people — not a faceless legion, but neighbours and friends whose membership in Kanata derives from a conscious sense of belonging.” Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:7.

 

December 7, 1979

Doug Nash wrote A Year of Reflection, to commemorate Kanata’s birthday. He stated: “I count this first year as a beneficial learning experience. I now realize that the provincial government has a great deal of jurisdiction over how a municipality operates, and it has been a very revealing experience to study the fine points of the Ontario Municipal Act.” Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:8.

 

December 7, 1979

Charlie Rogers’ article, A Year in Review, outlined his participation in the first year of the City of Kanata. Rogers stated: “We are suffering from growing pains (possibly some headaches still around from motherhood), but I feel that we are progressing at a reasonable rate considering the circumstances and I look forward to a better progress rate in the next twelve months.” Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:9.

 

December 7, 1979

Marianne Wilkinson, in her Commentary, reflected on the past year as Mayor of the new City of Kanata. She stated that the year had been full of “challenges, of accomplishments, of frustrations, of pleasure, of hard work, of long hours, and of tremendous encouragement and assistance given to me by the residents of Kanata, the members of Council and particularly by the Kanata City Staff.” Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:14.

 

December 7, 1979

It was reported that three new refugee families had arrived in the Kanata area, as part of the ongoing Project 4000 program. Kanata Standard, December 7, 1979:30.

 

December 11, 1979

The speed limit on Eagleson Road from Highway 7 to Timm Drive was lowered from 80 km/h to 60 km/h. Kanata Standard, Jan. 11, 1980:4.

 

December 21, 1979

In a letter to the Editor, E. C. Prince criticized Kanata City Council for allowing the construction of the Participark, calling it “another pillaging of the natural landscape and thus the loss of the pastoral scene.” Kanata Standard, December 21, 1979:2.

    

Applications 5800

Today is the last day our 2019/2020 Little Gallery application is online! All applications must be filled out and submitted to the gallery by March 31st. Good luck! degrazia.org/exhibitions/little-gallery/

www.WaywardEvents.com

 

my first iPad app - here's a sneak peak at the wireframes

Step 7: Glue on the pattern to the prepared background

The black pot on the left was found in Mexico.

 

Japanese metal incense burner with a black patina, identical to another that I have with a green patina. This one is raised on a Chinese wooden base. At the bottom right corner is a cherry wood covered box which holds one of my old pocket watches.

 

Incense is aromatic biotic material that releases fragrant smoke when burned. The term refers to the material itself, rather than to the aroma that it produces. Incense is used for aesthetic reasons, and in therapy, meditation, and ceremony. It may also be used as a simple deodorant or insectifuge.

 

Incense is composed of aromatic plant materials, often combined with essential oils. The forms taken by incense differ with the underlying culture, and have changed with advances in technology and increasing number of uses.

 

Incense can generally be separated into two main types: "indirect-burning" and "direct-burning". Indirect-burning incense (or "non-combustible incense") is not capable of burning on its own, and requires a separate heat source. Direct-burning incense (or "combustible incense") is lit directly by a flame and then fanned or blown out, leaving a glowing ember that smoulders and releases a smoky fragrance. Direct-burning incense is either a paste formed around a bamboo stick, or a paste that is extruded into a stick or cone shape.

 

HISTORY:

 

The word incense comes from Latin incendere meaning "to burn".

 

Combustible bouquets were used by the ancient Egyptians, who employed incense in both pragmatic and mystical capacities. Incense was burnt to counteract or obscure malodorous products of human habitation, but was widely perceived to also deter malevolent demons and appease the gods with its pleasant aroma. Resin balls were found in many prehistoric Egyptian tombs in El Mahasna, giving evidence for the prominence of incense and related compounds in Egyptian antiquity. One of the oldest extant incense burners originates from the 5th dynasty. The Temple of Deir-el-Bahari in Egypt contains a series of carvings that depict an expedition for incense.

 

The Babylonians used incense while offering prayers to divining oracles. Incense spread from there to Greece and Rome.

 

Incense burners have been found in the Indus Civilization (3300–1300 BCE). Evidence suggests oils were used mainly for their aroma. India also adopted techniques from East Asia, adapting the formulation to encompass aromatic roots and other indigenous flora. This was the first usage of subterranean plant parts in incense. New herbs like Sarsaparilla seeds, frankincense, and cypress were used by Indians.

 

At around 2000 BCE, Ancient China began the use of incense in the religious sense, namely for worship. Incense was used by Chinese cultures from Neolithic times and became more widespread in the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties. The earliest documented use of incense comes from the ancient Chinese, who employed incense composed of herbs and plant products (such as cassia, cinnamon, styrax, and sandalwood) as a component of numerous formalized ceremonial rites. Incense usage reached its peak during the Song dynasty with numerous buildings erected specifically for incense ceremonies.

 

Brought to Japan in the 6th century by Korean Buddhist monks, who used the mystical aromas in their purification rites, the delicate scents of Koh (high-quality Japanese incense) became a source of amusement and entertainment with nobles in the Imperial Court during the Heian Era 200 years later. During the 14th-century Ashikaga shogunate, a samurai warrior might perfume his helmet and armor with incense to achieve an aura of invincibility (as well as to make a noble gesture to whoever might take his head in battle). It wasn't until the Muromachi period during the 15th and 16th century that incense appreciation (kōdō) spread to the upper and middle classes of Japanese society.

 

COMPOSITION:

 

A variety of materials have been used in making incense. Historically there has been a preference for using locally available ingredients. For example, sage and cedar were used by the indigenous peoples of North America. Trading in incense materials comprised a major part of commerce along the Silk Road and other trade routes, one notably called the Incense Route.

 

Local knowledge and tools were extremely influential on the style, but methods were also influenced by migrations of foreigners, such as clergy and physicians.

 

COMBUSTIBLE BASE:

 

The combustible base of a direct burning incense mixture not only binds the fragrant material together but also allows the produced incense to burn with a self-sustained ember, which propagates slowly and evenly through an entire piece of incense with such regularity that it can be used to mark time. The base is chosen such that it does not produce a perceptible smell. Commercially, two types of incense base predominate:

 

Fuel and oxidizer mixtures: Charcoal or wood powder provides the fuel for combustion while an oxidizer such as sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate sustains the burning of the incense. Fragrant materials are added to the base prior to shaping, as in the case of powdered incense materials, or after, as in the case of essential oils. The formula for charcoal-based incense is superficially similar to black powder, though it lacks the sulfur.

 

Natural plant-based binders: Gums such as Gum Arabic or Gum Tragacanth are used to bind the mixture together. Mucilaginous material, which can be derived from many botanical sources, is mixed with fragrant materials and water. The mucilage from the wet binding powder holds the fragrant material together while the cellulose in the powder combusts to form a stable ember when lit. The dry binding powder usually comprises about 10% of the dry weight in the finished incense. These include:

Makko (incense powder) made from the bark of various trees in the genus Persea (such as Persea thunbergii) Xiangnan pi (made from the bark of trees of genus Phoebe such as Phoebe nanmu or Persea zuihoensis.

 

Jigit: a resin based binder used in India

Laha or Dar: bark based powders used in Nepal, Tibet, and other East Asian countries.

 

Typical compositions burn at a temperature between 220 °C and 260 °C.

 

TYPES:

 

Incense is available in various forms and degrees of processing. They can generally be separated into "direct-burning" and "indirect-burning" types. Preference for one form or another varies with culture, tradition, and personal taste. The two differ in their composition due to the former's requirement for even, stable, and sustained burning.

 

INDIRECT-BURNING:

 

Indirect-burning incense, also called "non-combustible incense", is an aromatic material or combination of materials, such as resins, that does not contain combustible material and so requires a separate heat source. Finer forms tend to burn more rapidly, while coarsely ground or whole chunks may be consumed very gradually, having less surface area. Heat is traditionally provided by charcoal or glowing embers. In the West, the best known incense materials of this type are the resins frankincense and myrrh, likely due to their numerous mentions in the Bible. Frankincense means "pure incense", though in common usage refers specifically to the resin of the boswellia tree.

 

Whole: The incense material is burned directly in raw form on top of coal embers.

Powdered or granulated: Incense broken into smaller pieces burns quickly and provides brief but intense odor.

 

Paste: Powdered or granulated incense material is mixed with a sticky incombustible binder, such as dried fruit, honey, or a soft resin and then formed to balls or small pastilles. These may then be allowed to mature in a controlled environment where the fragrances can commingle and unite. Much Arabian incense, also called "Bukhoor" or "Bakhoor", is of this type, and Japan has a history of kneaded incense, called nerikō or awasekō, made using this method. Within the Eastern Orthodox Christian tradition, raw frankincense is ground into a fine powder and then mixed with various sweet-smelling essential oils.

 

DIRECT-BURNING:

 

Direct-burning incense, also called "combustible incense", is lit directly by a flame. The glowing ember on the incense will continue to smoulder and burn the rest of the incense without further application of external heat or flame. Direct-burning incense is either extruded, pressed into forms, or coated onto a supporting material. This class of incense is made from a moldable substrate of fragrant finely ground (or liquid) incense materials and odourless binder. The composition must be adjusted to provide fragrance in the proper concentration and to ensure even burning. The following types are commonly encountered, though direct-burning incense can take nearly any form, whether for expedience or whimsy.

 

Coil: Extruded and shaped into a coil without a core, coil incense can burn for an extended period, from hours to days, and is commonly produced and used in Chinese cultures.

 

Cone: Incense in this form burns relatively quickly. Incense cones were invented in Japan in the 1800s.

 

Cored stick: A supporting core of bamboo is coated with a thick layer of incense material that burns away with the core. Higher-quality variations have fragrant sandalwood cores. This type of incense is commonly produced in India and China. When used in Chinese folk religion, these are sometimes known as "joss sticks".

 

Dhoop or solid stick: With no bamboo core, dhoop incense is easily broken for portion control. This is the most commonly produced form of incense in Japan and Tibet.

 

Powder: The loose incense powder used for making indirect burning incense is sometimes burned without further processing. Powder incense is typically packed into long trails on top of wood ash using a stencil and burned in special censers or incense clocks.

 

Paper: Paper infused with incense, folded accordion style, is lit and blown out. Examples include Carta d'Armenia and Papier d'Arménie.

Rope: The incense powder is rolled into paper sheets, which are then rolled into ropes, twisted tightly, then doubled over and twisted again, yielding a two-strand rope. The larger end is the bight, and may be stood vertically, in a shallow dish of sand or pebbles. The smaller (pointed) end is lit. This type of incense is easily transported and stays fresh for extremely long periods. It has been used for centuries in Tibet and Nepal.

 

Moxa tablets, which are disks of powdered mugwort used in Traditional Chinese medicine for moxibustion, are not incenses; the treatment is by heat rather than fragrance.

 

Incense sticks may be termed joss sticks, especially in parts of East Asia, South Asia and Southeast Asia. Among ethnic Chinese and Chinese-influenced communities these are traditionally burned at temples, before the threshold of a home or business, before an image of a religious divinity or local spirit, or in shrines, large and small, found at the main entrance of every village. Here the earth god is propitiated in the hope of bringing wealth and health to the village. They can also be burned in front of a door or open window as an offering to heaven, or the devas. The word "joss" is derived from the Latin deus (god) via the Portuguese deos through the Javanese dejos, through Chinese pidgin English.

 

PRODUCTION:

 

The raw materials are powdered and then mixed together with a binder to form a paste, which, for direct burning incense, is then cut and dried into pellets. Incense of the Athonite Orthodox Christian tradition is made by powdering frankincense or fir resin, mixing it with essential oils. Floral fragrances are the most common, but citrus such as lemon is not uncommon. The incense mixture is then rolled out into a slab approximately 1 cm thick and left until the slab has firmed. It is then cut into small cubes, coated with clay powder to prevent adhesion, and allowed to fully harden and dry. In Greece this rolled incense resin is called 'Moskolibano', and generally comes in either a pink or green colour denoting the fragrance, with pink being rose and green being jasmine.

 

Certain proportions are necessary for direct-burning incense:

 

Oil content: an excess of oils may prevent incense from smoldering effectively. Resinous materials such as myrrh and frankincense are typically balanced with "dry" materials such as wood, bark and leaf powders.

 

Oxidizer quantity: Too little oxidizer in gum-bound incense may prevent the incense from igniting, while too much will cause the incense to burn too quickly, without producing fragrant smoke.

Binder: Water-soluble binders such as "makko" ensure that the incense mixture does not crumble when dry, dilute the mixture.

 

Mixture density: Incense mixtures made with natural binders must not be combined with too much water in mixing, or over-compressed while being formed, which would result in either uneven air distribution or undesirable density in the mixture, causing the incense to burn unevenly, too slowly, or too quickly.

 

Particulate size: The incense mixture has to be well pulverized with similarly sized particulates. Uneven and large particulates result in uneven burning and inconsistent aroma production when burned.

 

"Dipped" or "hand-dipped" direct-burning incense is created by dipping "incense blanks" made of unscented combustible dust into any suitable kind of essential or fragrance oil. These are often sold in the United States by flea-market and sidewalk vendors who have developed their own styles. This form of incense requires the least skill and equipment to manufacture, since the blanks are pre-formed in China or South East Asia.

 

Incense mixtures can be extruded or pressed into shapes. Small quantities of water are combined with the fragrance and incense base mixture and kneaded into a hard dough. The incense dough is then pressed into shaped forms to create cone and smaller coiled incense, or forced through a hydraulic press for solid stick incense. The formed incense is then trimmed and slowly dried. Incense produced in this fashion has a tendency to warp or become misshapen when improperly dried, and as such must be placed in climate-controlled rooms and rotated several times through the drying process.

 

Traditionally, the bamboo core of cored stick incense is prepared by hand from Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. pubescens since this species produces thick wood and easily burns to ashes in the incense stick. In a process known as "splitting the foot of the incense stick", the bamboo is trimmed to length, soaked, peeled, and split in halves until the thin sticks of bamboo have square cross sections of less than 3mm. This process has been largely replaced by machines in modern incense production.

 

In the case of cored incensed sticks, several methods are employed to coat the sticks cores with incense mixture:

 

Paste rolling: A wet, malleable paste of incense mixture is first rolled into a long, thin coil, using a paddle. Then, a thin stick is put next to the coil and the stick and paste are rolled together until the stick is centered in the mixture and the desired thickness is achieved. The stick is then cut to the desired length and dried.

 

Powder-coating: Powder-coating is used mainly to produce cored incense of either larger coil (up to 1 meter in diameter) or cored stick forms. A bundle of the supporting material (typically thin bamboo or sandalwood slivers) is soaked in water or a thin water/glue mixture for a short time. The thin sticks are evenly separated, then dipped into a tray of incense powder consisting of fragrance materials and occasionally a plant-based binder. The dry incense powder is then tossed and piled over the sticks while they are spread apart. The sticks are then gently rolled and packed to maintain roundness while more incense powder is repeatedly tossed onto the sticks. Three to four layers of powder are coated onto the sticks, forming a 2 mm thick layer of incense material on the stick. The coated incense is then allowed to dry in open air. Additional coatings of incense mixture can be applied after each period of successive drying. Incense sticks produced in this fashion and burned in temples of Chinese folk religion can have a thickness between 2 and 4 millimeters.

 

Compression: A damp powder is mechanically formed around a cored stick by compression, similar to the way uncored sticks are formed. This form is becoming more common due to the higher labor cost of producing powder-coated or paste-rolled sticks.

 

BURNING INCENSE:

 

Indirect-burning incense burned directly on top of a heat source or on a hot metal plate in a censer or thurible.

 

In Japan a similar censer called a egōro (柄香炉) is used by several Buddhist sects. The egōro is usually made of brass, with a long handle and no chain. Instead of charcoal, makkō powder is poured into a depression made in a bed of ash. The makkō is lit and the incense mixture is burned on top. This method is known as sonae-kō (religious burning).

 

For direct-burning incense, the tip or end of the incense is ignited with a flame or other heat source until the incense begins to turn into ash at the burning end. The flame is then fanned or blown out, leaving the incense to smolder.

 

CULTURAL VARIATIONS:

 

ARABIAN:

 

In most Arab countries, incense is burned in the form of scented chips or blocks called bakhoor (Arabic: بخور‎ [bɑˈxuːɾ, bʊ-]. Incense is used on special occasions like weddings or on Fridays or generally to perfume the house. The bakhoor is usually burned in a mabkhara, a traditional incense burner (censer) similar to the Somali Dabqaad. It is customary in many Arab countries to pass bakhoor among the guests in the majlis ('congregation'). This is done as a gesture of hospitality.

 

CHINESE:

 

For over two thousand years, the Chinese have used incense in religious ceremonies, ancestor veneration, Traditional Chinese medicine, and daily life. Agarwood (chénxiāng) and sandalwood (tánxiāng) are the two most important ingredients in Chinese incense.

 

Along with the introduction of Buddhism in China came calibrated incense sticks and incense clocks. The first known record is by poet Yu Jianwu (487-551): "By burning incense we know the o'clock of the night, With graduated candles we confirm the tally of the watches." The use of these incense timekeeping devices spread from Buddhist monasteries into Chinese secular society.

Incense-stick burning is an everyday practice in traditional Chinese religion. There are many different types of stick used for different purposes or on different festive days. Many of them are long and thin. Sticks are mostly coloured yellow, red, or more rarely, black. Thick sticks are used for special ceremonies, such as funerals. Spiral incense, with exceedingly long burn times, is often hung from temple ceilings. In some states, such as Taiwan,

 

Singapore, or Malaysia, where they celebrate the Ghost Festival, large, pillar-like dragon incense sticks are sometimes used. These generate so much smoke and heat that they are only burned outside.

 

Chinese incense sticks for use in popular religion are generally odorless or only use the slightest trace of jasmine or rose, since it is the smoke, not the scent, which is important in conveying the prayers of the faithful to heaven. They are composed of the dried powdered bark of a non-scented species of cinnamon native to Cambodia, Cinnamomum cambodianum. Inexpensive packs of 300 are often found for sale in Chinese supermarkets. Though they contain no sandalwood, they often include the Chinese character for sandalwood on the label, as a generic term for incense.

 

Highly scented Chinese incense sticks are used by some Buddhists. These are often quite expensive due to the use of large amounts of sandalwood, agarwood, or floral scents used. The sandalwood used in Chinese incenses does not come from India, its native home, but rather from groves planted within Chinese territory. Sites belonging to Tzu Chi, Chung Tai Shan, Dharma Drum Mountain, Xingtian Temple, or City of Ten Thousand Buddhas do not use incense.

 

INDIAN:

 

Incense sticks, also known as agarbathi (or agarbatti) and joss sticks, in which an incense paste is rolled or moulded around a bamboo stick, are the main forms of incense in India. The bamboo method originated in India, and is distinct from the Nepali/Tibetan and Japanese methods of stick making without bamboo cores. Though the method is also used in the west, it is strongly associated with India.

 

The basic ingredients are the bamboo stick, the paste (generally made of charcoal dust and joss/jiggit/gum/tabu powder – an adhesive made from the bark of litsea glutinosa and other trees), and the perfume ingredients - which would be a masala (spice mix) powder of ground ingredients into which the stick would be rolled, or a perfume liquid sometimes consisting of synthetic

 

ingredients into which the stick would be dipped. Perfume is sometimes sprayed on the coated sticks. Stick machines are sometimes used, which coat the stick with paste and perfume, though the bulk of production is done by hand rolling at home. There are about 5,000 incense companies in India that take raw unperfumed sticks hand-rolled by approximately 200,000 women working part-time at home, and then apply their own brand of perfume, and package the sticks for sale. An experienced home-worker can produce 4,000 raw sticks a day. There are about 50 large companies that together account for up to 30% of the market, and around 500 of the companies, including a significant number of the main ones, including Moksh Agarbatti and Cycle Pure, are based in Mysore.

 

JEWISH TEMPLE IN JERUSALEM:

 

KETORET:

 

Ketoret was the incense offered in the Temple in Jerusalem and is stated in the Book of Exodus to be a mixture of stacte, onycha, galbanum and frankincense.

 

TIBETAN:

 

Tibetan incense refers to a common style of incense found in Tibet, Nepal, and Bhutan. These incenses have a characteristic "earthy" scent to them. Ingredients vary from cinnamon, clove, and juniper, to kusum flower, ashvagandha, and sahi jeera.

 

Many Tibetan incenses are thought to have medicinal properties. Their recipes come from ancient Vedic texts that are based on even older Ayurvedic medical texts. The recipes have remained unchanged for centuries.

 

JAPANESE:

 

In Japan incense appreciation folklore includes art, culture, history, and ceremony. It can be compared to and has some of the same qualities as music, art, or literature. Incense burning may occasionally take place within the tea ceremony, just like calligraphy, ikebana, and scroll arrangement. The art of incense appreciation, or koh-do, is generally practiced as a separate art form from the tea ceremony, and usually within a tea room of traditional Zen design.

 

Agarwood (沈香 Jinkō) and sandalwood (白檀 byakudan) are the two most important ingredients in Japanese incense. Agarwood is known as "jinkō" in Japan, which translates as "incense that sinks in water", due to the weight of the resin in the wood. Sandalwood is one of the most calming incense ingredients and lends itself well to meditation. It is also used in the Japanese tea ceremony. The most valued Sandalwood comes from Mysore in the state of Karnataka in India.

 

Another important ingredient in Japanese incense is kyara (伽羅). Kyara is one kind of agarwood (Japanese incense companies divide agarwood into 6 categories depending on the region obtained and properties of the agarwood). Kyara is currently worth more than its weight in gold.

 

Some terms used in Japanese incense culture include:

 

Incense arts: [香道, kodo]

Agarwood: [ 沈香 ] – from heartwood from Aquilaria trees, unique, the incense wood most used in incense ceremony, other names are: lignum aloes or aloeswood, gaharu, jinko, or oud.

Censer/Incense burner: [香爐] – usually small and used for heating incense not burning, or larger and used for burning

Charcoal: [木炭] – only the odorless kind is used.

Incense woods: [ 香木 ] – a naturally fragrant resinous wood.

 

USAGE:

 

PRACTICAL:

 

Incense fragrances can be of such great strength that they obscure other less desirable odours. This utility led to the use of incense in funerary ceremonies because the incense could smother the scent of decay. An example, as well as of religious use, is the giant Botafumeiro thurible that swings from the ceiling of the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela. It is used in part to mask the scent of the many tired, unwashed pilgrims huddled together in the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela.

 

A similar utilitarian use of incense can be found in the post-Reformation Church of England. Although the ceremonial use of incense was abandoned until the Oxford Movement, it was common to have incense (typically frankincense) burned before grand occasions, when the church would be crowded. The frankincense was carried about by a member of the vestry before the service in a vessel called a 'perfuming pan'. In iconography of the day, this vessel is shown to be elongated and flat, with a single long handle on one side. The perfuming pan was used instead of the thurible, as the latter would have likely offended the Protestant sensibilities of the 17th and 18th centuries.

 

The regular burning of direct-burning incense has been used for chronological measurement in incense clocks. These devices can range from a simple trail of incense material calibrated to burn in a specific time period, to elaborate and ornate instruments with bells or gongs, designed to involve multiple senses.

 

Incense made from materials such as citronella can repel mosquitoes and other irritating, distracting, or pestilential insects. This use has been deployed in concert with religious uses by Zen Buddhists who claim that the incense that is part of their meditative practice is designed to keep bothersome insects from distracting the practitioner. Currently, more effective pyrethroid-based mosquito repellent incense is widely available in Asia.

 

Papier d'Arménie was originally sold as a disinfectant as well as for the fragrance.

 

Incense is also used often by people who smoke indoors and do not want the smell to linger.

 

AESTHETIC:

 

Many people burn incense to appreciate its smell, without assigning any other specific significance to it, in the same way that the foregoing items can be produced or consumed solely for the contemplation or enjoyment of the aroma. An example is the kōdō (香道), where (frequently costly) raw incense materials such as agarwood are appreciated in a formal setting.

 

RELIGIOUS:

 

Religious use of incense is prevalent in many cultures and may have roots in the practical and aesthetic uses, considering that many of these religions have little else in common. One common motif is incense as a form of sacrificial offering to a deity. Such use was common in Judaic worship and remains in use for example in the Catholic, Orthodox, and Anglican churches, Taoist and Buddhist Chinese jingxiang (敬香 "offer incense), etc.

 

Aphrodisiac Incense has been used as an aphrodisiac in some cultures. Both ancient Greek and ancient Egyptian mythology suggest the usage of incense by goddesses and nymphs. Incense is thought to heighten sexual desires and sexual attraction.

 

Time-keeper Incense clocks are used to time social, medical and religious practices in parts of eastern Asia. They are primarily used in Buddhism as a timer of mediation and prayer. Different types of incense burn at different rates; therefore, different incense are used for different practices. The duration of burning ranges from minutes to months.

 

Healing stone cleanser Incense is claimed to cleanse and restore energy in healing stones. The technique used is called “smudging” and is done by holding a healing stone over the smoke of burning incense for 20 to 30 seconds. Some people believe that this process not only restores energy but eliminates negative energy.

 

HEALTH RISK FROM INCENSE SMOKE:

 

Incense smoke contains various contaminants including gaseous pollutants, such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and adsorbed toxic pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and toxic metals). The solid particles range between ~10 and 500 nm. In a comparison, Indian sandalwood was found to have the highest emission rate, followed by Japanese aloeswood, then Taiwanese aloeswood, while Chinese smokeless sandalwood had the least.

 

Research carried out in Taiwan in 2001 linked the burning of incense sticks to the slow accumulation of potential carcinogens in a poorly ventilated environment by measuring the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (including benzopyrene) within Buddhist temples. The study found gaseous aliphatic aldehydes, which are carcinogenic and mutagenic, in incense smoke.

 

A survey of risk factors for lung cancer, also conducted in Taiwan, noted an inverse association between incense burning and adenocarcinoma of the lung, though the finding was not deemed significant.

 

In contrast, epidemiologists at the Hong Kong Anti-Cancer Society, Aichi Cancer Center in Nagoya, and several other centers found: "No association was found between exposure to incense burning and respiratory symptoms like chronic cough, chronic sputum, chronic bronchitis, runny nose, wheezing, asthma, allergic rhinitis, or pneumonia among the three populations studied: i.e. primary school children, their non-smoking mothers, or a group of older non-smoking female controls. Incense burning did not affect lung cancer risk among non-smokers, but it significantly reduced risk among smokers, even after adjusting for lifetime smoking amount." However, the researchers qualified their findings by noting that incense burning in the studied population was associated with certain low-cancer-risk dietary habits, and concluded that "diet can be a significant confounder of epidemiological studies on air pollution and respiratory health."

 

Although several studies have not shown a link between incense and lung cancer, many other types of cancer have been directly linked to burning incense. A study published in 2008 in the medical journal Cancer found that incense use is associated with a statistically significant higher risk of cancers of the upper respiratory tract, with the exception of nasopharyngeal cancer. Those who used incense heavily also were 80% more likely to develop squamous-cell carcinomas. The link between incense use and increased cancer risk held when the researchers weighed other factors, including cigarette smoking, diet and drinking habits. The research team noted that "This association is consistent with a large number of studies identifying carcinogens in incense smoke, and given the widespread and sometimes involuntary exposure to smoke from burning incense, these findings carry significant public health implications."

 

In 2015, the South China University of Technology found toxicity of incense to Chinese hamsters' ovarian cells to be even higher than cigarettes.

 

Incensole acetate, a component of Frankincense, has been shown to have anxiolytic-like and antidepressive-like effects in mice, mediated by activation of poorly-understood TRPV3 ion channels in the brain.

application Designes

docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSc37cGEbHrF3OQQCKOybOHsY...

 

LiveFurnish is revolutionary application that allows Furnishing & Furniture Retailers, Manufacturers and Wholesalers sell, showcase and customize their products and designs.

 

A Mobile & Tablet Application, LiveFurnish is for all types of furnishing, furniture, Tiles, Vinyls, Laminates, Curtains, Wall Papers, Cushions, Cloth Materials and many more.

 

3D Visualization: Enable retailers to interactively visualize one of the largest libraries of Furniture in 3D

 

Learn More

 

USAG-Humphreys Youth Sports provides a variety of sports programs for age groups 4-18 to include Baseball, Soccer, Swimming and Basketball. A variety of minor sport activities are also implemented throughout the year.

 

USAG-Humphreys participates in a league with Osan Air Base, USAG-Daegu, and USAG-Yongsan. Throughout the regular season, the older age groups travel occasionally to other installations to compete in league and postseason events.

 

USAG-Humphreys Youth Teams practice and play at Independence park which is located by the USAG Humphreys main gate.

 

Volunteer coaches are always needed! A background check is required to become a volunteer and also a certification course is required before anyone is allowed to coach with CYS Services Youth Sports.

 

Volunteers are required to register at www.myarmylifetoo.com

 

Coaching applications can be found at the Parent Central Services (PCS), currently located at the Child Development center Bldg 693 or the Youth Sports Office located in the Youth Sports Annex Gym, Bldg 111. There is a fee associated with registering for the major sports and all participants must be registered with the Child, Youth and School Services Program.

 

U.S. Army photos by Edward N. Johnson

Step 8: Glue on the pattern to the prepared background (leaves)

Twenty-two Transylvania County TIME 4 Real Science students advanced to two different state level science research competitions on March 24-25 in Raleigh-Durham, where they presented the results of 11 different year-long research projects. The team secured 19 state-level awards and will advance 11 students to the national and/or international level.

 

“My favorite part of the science competitions was being able to explain my project to people with minimal background in the scientific field,” said Sam Ballard, a sophomore from Rosman High School (RHS) and a student scientist in the TIME 4 Real Science Program. “When somebody came` over and asked about my project on their own terms, and then began to understand the science behind it, it made me feel so happy.” Ballard and Brevard High School (BHS) freshman Fritz Ruppert worked this year to levitate small particles using ultrasound.

 

“I think it is essential to remember that these science competitions are more than just competitions - they are chances for you, the scientist, to share and demonstrate your research; to show the world your accomplishments and your failures,” said Ruppert, reflecting on the competitions. “While receiving awards is nice, this is the most important part.”

 

As part of the North Carolina Student Academy of Science (NCSAS) Competition, students submit an original scientific paper for review by professional scientists and present their work to these scientists and their peers at the North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics. Students also have the honor of hearing from a keynote speaker. This year NCSU Professor Dr. Robert Dunn presented “Six ​keys ​to making ​totally ​new ​discoveries ​in ​biology ​before ​you ​finish ​high ​school.”

 

Research teacher Jennifer Williams said, “NCSAS is my favorite competition. Students get to share their original work and participate in the excitement of a scientific meeting, much like professional scientists do. First place winners also have the opportunity to present at the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) meeting alongside scientists from around the world-- a life-changing experience for students passionate about science. This year eight TIME student scientists were selected to present expenses paid at the AAAS meeting in Austin, Texas next year: Aidan Spradlin, Bryce Spradlin, Hannah Lemel, Matthew Bailey, John Nguyen, Sara Megown, Chase Bishop and Alex Eberhardt. Incredible!”

 

At the NCSAS meeting, students have the opportunity to seek leadership roles . This year, BHS sophomore Chase Bishop ran for NCSAS president-elect and defeated seven other candidates from across the state. “It was inspirational to see that people saw me as a leader and voted for me. In football we are told that we are to be the difference, and I hope that I can be that difference not only in the NCSAS but for the world as a scientist,” Bishop said, He will serve for one year as president-elect and then move into the role of president for a year.

 

When most people think of science competitions, the North Carolina Science and Engineering Fair (NCSEF) comes to mind. For this competition, students prepare a trifold poster that displays their research. Judges view the boards without the students and then ask the students to defend and elaborate on their work. After the judging, the public is invited to interact with the students and their projects. Like NCSAS, NCSEF models a key component of a professional scientific meeting, the poster presentation.

 

Emma Dauster, sophomore, said conducting a research project and preparing for NCSEF, “took a lot of hard work and dedication, but being part of the TIME program means always going the extra mile.” Dauster worked with sophomores Cullen Duval and Kylie Evans to study the attraction of mosquitoes to plant and fungal volatiles and win a Grand Award at this year’s NCSEF. The team will travel to Los Angeles from May 14-19 to compete in the International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF). According to ISEF representatives, “Each year, approximately 1,800 high school students from more than 75 countries, regions, and territories are awarded the opportunity to showcase their independent research and compete for on average $4 million in prizes.” Duval says “it still hasn’t really sunk in yet!”

 

Junior A. Spradlin reflected on his experiences during the science competitions, “My group and I had the chance to share our research and contribute to the scientific field. Sharing what we discovered with respected scientists that may use our experiments to stem further research is very fulfilling.” A. Spradlin worked with juniors B. Spradlin and Lemel to design a new, safer method to test for Naegleria fowleri (the brain eating amoeba) in local waters.

 

A. Spradlin added, “As for the competition, I am extremely proud to say that the projects we completed in a small high school lab in Brevard, North Carolina were able to compete with and defeat projects that were conducted in advanced laboratories at Duke University and UNC Chapel Hill.”

 

The TIME 4 Real Science Program is an intensive, inquiry-based school-day course. Students learn about the process of science as they conduct original scientific research into topics of their own choosing. They are supported by both teacher and scientist mentors as they choose a topic of interest, develop a testable question, design a procedure, collect and analyze data and present their findings.

 

“TIME is a class that offers students, who like me have a strong interest in science, the ability to really pursue their passion and curiosity in this field. The TIME science program has opened countless doors and led to experiences that have shaped my personal interest in biotechnology, and science in general, so much so that I am currently pursuing a career in this field,” said B. Spradlin.

 

Current TIME students would like to thank all who have helped with their research during the year including students, teachers, administrators, parents, and numerous scientists and community volunteers. Thanks go to 2016-17 TIME volunteers: Brian Byrd, Neill Cagle, Ora Wells, Ann Farrash, Alan Smith, Inga Meadows, Courtney Long, Scott Stevens, Cindy Carpenter, Jeff Hinshaw, Adam Moticak, Ken Chepenik, Don Wauchope, Gordon Riedesel, David Williams, Jay Case, Sam Farrar, Jeremy Gibbs, and Heidi Bullock. Special thanks go to Dr. Kent Wilcox, without whose help, guidance, and actions the class could not have been possible!

 

The TIME 4 Real Science Program is a partnership between Transylvania County Schools and NC Cooperative Extension. Funding for the students’ trip was provided by generous donations from the Duke Energy Foundation and from TIME alumnus Abby Williams’ 2016-17 community fundraising campaign. Special thanks goes to the campaign donors that helped make this program year possible: George and Elin Abercrombie, Ann Farash and Paul Onnink, Harriett Walls, Donna and Frank Patton, Bruce and Belinda Roberts, Johnny, Elsa and Ben Strickland, Mark and Page Lemel, Pat Montgomery, Jane and Chris Dauster, John and Nancy Strickland, Marion Petterson, Steve and Mary Arnaudin, Jim and Barb Strickland, Ned Steadman, Abby and Erika Williams, Jessica Good, Jodie DuBrueil, Leah Johnson and Dawn Davenport, Kathie and George Williams,Jennifer Frick-Ruppert, Tracie and Daniel Trusler, Kristi Whitworth, Jeremy Gibbs, Frances Bradburn, Mark and Betsy Burrows, Mike Judd, Laura Patch, Mark and Ameran Tooley, Brooke Burrows, Seyl Park and John Burrows.

 

FOR MORE INFORMATION or to indicate an interest in volunteering or donating to the program, please visit our website at time4realscience.org or contact Jennifer Williams, BHS Science Instructional Leader and TIME 4 Real Science Co-director, at jwilliam@tcsnc.org .

 

Transylvania County State Level Science Awards:

 

A. Spradlin, B. Spradlin and Lemel: An Evaluation of Local, Thermally Polluted Lakes for the Presence of Naegleria fowleria via PCR Without Hazardous Cultivation: 1st place Biotechnology and AAAS Grand Award (NCSAS); 3rd place Biology B and 2nd place, Water Works Award (NCSEF).

 

Dauster, Evans and Duval: Olfactometer assays to measure the response of Culex quinquefasciatus to plant and fungal volatiles: 1st place Biology A and ISEF Grand Award (NCSEF); 2nd place Behavioral Science (NCSAS).

 

John Nguyen and Matthew Bailey: Oligochaete Populations in Transylvania County Trout Streams: A Risk Assessment of Susceptibility to the Whirling Disease Parasite, Myxobolus cerebralis: 1st place Environmental Science and AAAS Grand Award (NCSAS); Western Representative (NCSEF).

 

Bishop and Alex Eberhardt: Feasibility of Cultivating Arthrospira platensis as a Food Source for Mars Exploration and Colonization: 1st place Earth and Space Science and AAAS Grand Award (NCSAS); Western Representative (NCSEF).

 

Sara Megown: The Antifungal Effect of Plant Extracts on Candida albicans: 1st place Biological Sciences and AAAS Grand Award (NCSAS).

 

Ruppert and Ballard: Particle Manipulation by an Acoustic Levitator: 3rd place Technology and Engineering (NCSAS); 3rd place Army Award, Engineering, (NCSEF).

 

Bain Brown and Nicole Rideout: Screening Kudzu Associated Insects and Fungi for Enzymes with Potential Application in Aqueous Oil Extraction: 3rd place Biological Sciences (NCSAS); Western Representative (NCSEF).

 

Emily Trusler and Elise Poche: Isolation and Identification of Entomopathogenic Fungi for Use in Mosquito Control: 2nd Place Biological Sciences (NCSAS).

 

Carly Tabor and Lily Harris: Megacopta cribraria Attraction to Plant Volatiles: Western Representative (NCSAS).

 

Jasmine Gillespie: Toxicity of Nightshade Plants to the Freshwater Clam Corbicula fluminea: Western Representative, (NCSAS).

 

Caleb Fore: Developing a Cost Effective Solar Array While Capturing Energy for Heating Water: Western Representative (NCSAS).

  

Photo captions:

 

1: Twenty-two Transylvania County TIME 4 Real Science students made an impact at two recent state level science competitions. Eleven students advance to national and international competitions.

 

2: Chase Bishop (left), new president-elect for the NC Student Academy of Science, joins his partner Alex Eberhardt in congratulating another state level NCSAS winner. Chase and Alex studied the potential of using Martian resources to grow Spirulina, a potential source for nutrition in future Martian settlements.

 

3: Kylie Evans and Cullen Duval test mosquitoes in their homemade olfactometer. The team discovered that carnations are strongly attractive to mosquitoes and a new fungus isolated from kudzu repels them.

 

4: Elise Poche counts fungal spores using a hemocytometer and contrasting light microscope to prepare a spore concentration for dosing mosquito larvae.

 

5: Emily Trusler uses DNA analysis to identify entomopathogenic fungi isolated from local soil and tree holes. Trusler and her partner Elise Poche studied the fungi’s potential to control mosquito larvae.

 

6: Jasmine Gillespie prepares a dose of snuff. Gillespie worked with her partner Noah Graham to evaluate the sublethal toxicity of tobacco on golden clams.

 

7: Emma Dauster retrieves mosquitoes for testing. She and her partners Kylie Evans and Cullen Duvall will represent North Carolina at the International Science and Engineering Fair in Los Angeles next month.

 

8: Sara Megown tests the effect of herbal extracts on Candida albicans, the causative agent of yeast infections. She found that Goldenseal extract inhibits the growth of yeast in a petri dish. She also tested the extract in living wax moth larvae with some promising, if inconclusive results.

 

9: Matthew Bailey works to analyze DNA from oligochaetes collected from local streams. Bailey worked with partner John Nguyen to assess local susceptibility to whirling disease, a devastating trout pathogen.

 

@ 2017, Transylvania County Schools, TIME 4 Real Science. All rights reserved.

 

www.time4realscience.org

A farmer sprays liquid urea ammonium nitrate fertilizer to pre-emergent crops.

Photo Credit: P177 | WikiMedia Commons

 

This is a shot of an old version of Anxiety, a dashboard widget running through Amnesty Singles that works as a simple to do list. However, I've since abandoned this version, in favor of a sleeker 100% cocoa application, which syncs with iCal and Mail; pictures of the newer version can be found in my flickr photos.

This could be (*) the original wooden cross placed at the head of the grave of James Clutterbuck, before the introduction of the IWGC headstone.

It hangs on the wall of the church of St Nicholas of Myra at Ozleworth, Gloucestershire.

 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

R. I. P.

 

Lieut Clutterbuck

Royal Flying Corps

Killed in Action

25/6/17

 

"Second Lieutenant JAMES EDWARD POWER-CLUTTERBUCK, Royal Field Artillery, attached R.F.C., killed in action, was the son of Mrs Power-Clutterbuck of Newark park, Gloucestershire, lady of the manor of Ozleworth ... Flight Global

 

At around 6.40pm on Monday 25th June 1917, he was flying in a plane being piloted by Lieutenant Leslie Bowman, near Le Bizet, France, (as the observer/gunner, probably spotting enemy positions for the artillery) when they were attacked and shot down. Both men were killed.

 

Their plane, a Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.8, was the 56th victim of 'The Red Baron', Manfed von Richthofen, commander of fighter wing JG 1 (Jagdgeschwader I).

 

"Karl Allmenröder ... watched for intruders while his commander (Richthofen) dived on R.E.8 A3847 of No. 53 Squadron, and at 17.35 sent it crashing down into the trenches near Le Bizet" (The Red Baron: Beyond the Legend - Peter Kilduff 1994)

 

(Note: German time was one hour ahead of British time which probably accounts for the different times given above)

 

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

* There is a similar cross on the wall of Elmore church, Gloucestershire. The guide book there states that the cross in that church was a replica, placed by a grieving mother.

There is nothing in (my copy of) the guide book of Olzleworth church to confirm one way or the other.

 

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

A note on the the Newark Park estate:

It "sits at the southern end of the Cotswold escarpment overlooking the unspoilt Ozleworth valley. The estate comprises the Mansion House, two farms, eight cottages and some 700 acres. It was given to the National Trust … in 1949 by Mrs Power-Clutterbuck in memory of her son James Edward Power-Clutterbuck who was killed in the First World War. The Clutterbuck family acquired the property in 1769."

 

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

On World War 1 Memorials

 

"The traditional social means of coping with death had been suppressed, and war memorials and monuments emerged as new rituals of mourning. War memorials in various communities began to give voice to the feelings of grief and to acknowledge the losses of the war. Memorials and remembrance ceremonies were state organized mourning rituals, but they were publicly fuelled. After the war, then, the bereaved demanded that the nation provide ceremonies and shrines to assure them that their losses had not been forgotten."

Rituals of Mourning: Bereavement, Grief and Mourning in the First World War:

Christine Bourchier

 

-------------------

 

"The commissioning of memorials occurred through a wide range of national and local institutions, reflecting local political traditions; funding was similarly disparate, with most countries relying heavily on local charitable contributions to cover the costs of construction. War cemeteries and memorials to particularly significant battles, however, were typically centrally controlled and funded by the state. The war encouraged the creation of new forms of memorial. Lists of memorial names, reflecting the huge scale of the losses, were a common feature, while Tombs of the Unknown Soldier containing a selected, unidentified body, and empty cenotaph monuments commemorated the numerous unidentifiable corpses and those servicemen whose bodies were never found."

wikipedia article

 

-------------------

 

"Those who died in the Hell of No-Man's-Land during attacks, would have lain where they fell until; there was a truce or the ground was taken - perforce left where they fell in both cases until the burial details of either side could reach the corpses safely or until the pitiful remains were either buried or blown to pieces by artillery bombardments."

What happened to the Soldiers in WW1 after they died? (Yahoo Answers)

 

"Often have I picked up the remains of a fine brave man on a shovel. Just a little heap of bones and maggots to be carried to the common burial place. Numerous bodies were found lying submerged in the water in shell holes and mine craters; bodies that seemed quite whole, but which became like huge masses of white, slimy chalk when we handled them. I shuddered as my hands, covered in soft flesh and slime, moved about in search of the disc, and I have had to pull bodies to pieces in order that they should not be buried unknown. It was very painful to have to bury the unknown."

Clearing the Dead (Peter E. Hodgkinson)

 

"They were often buried where they fell in action, or in a burial ground on or near the battlefield. A simple cross or marker might be put up to mark the location and give brief details of the individuals who had died."

War Graves (& Memorials) for WW1 Dead on The Western Front (The Great War 1914-1918)

  

"Grave registration in the field fell squarely on the shoulders of the unit Chaplains. They were responsible for filling out the proper form (AF W3314) that included the information about the grave, and forwarding to both the DADGR&E (Deputy Assistant Director of Graves Registration and Enquiries) and the DAGGHQ (Deputy Adjutant General, General Headquarters) 3rd Echelon. Information submitted included map references using the 1/40000 or 1/20000 trench maps, or detail descriptions of localities on the back of the form, in addition to the usually expected basics such as the man's name, unit etc. He was also responsible for the marking of the graves."

What happened to soldiers who died in the war? (The Long, Long Trail)

 

An official notification of death Bertie Huggins (First World War Poetry Archive)

 

A letter to a mother from a chaplain at the Stationery Hospital, far away from the front line, where a soldier died of his wounds (First World war Poetry Archive)

 

The Dead Man's Penny:

"The plaque was sent out to relatives in an On His Majesty's Service white envelope with a printed Official Paid stamp. Inside this outer envelope there was another white envelope with the Royal Crest embossed on the reverse enclosing a letter with a copy of King George V's signature. The letter was written as follows:

Buckingham Palace

 

I join my grateful people in

sending you this memorial of a

brave life given for others in the Great War.

 

George R.I."

 

Inside the outer envelope a cardboard envelope protected the bronze plaque.

The Next of Kin Memorial Plaque & Scroll (Great War web site)

 

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

This page was created several years ago.

I have not yet had an opportunity to check all the links, but will do so as soon as possible.

5 Nov 2018

 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Typefaces: iNked God Regular & Bickham Script Pro

Photo: Ariel Zambelich/Wired.com

This hat contains beautiful applications for children.

Wide variety of colors.

AVAILABLE

3362

Organ balcony from 1693 being restored at the Atelier Del Restauro, Mosta, Malta. The balcony had been analysed with a nuclear technique known as XRF before restoration. 28 May 2015

 

Photo Credit: Louise Potterton / IAEA