Customs and Border Protection Officers inspect a Land Rover Defender to determine if it is in compliance with applicable rules and regulations governing the importation of vehicles from foreign countries into the United States. Photo by James Tourtellotte

Customs and Border Protection Officers inspect a Land Rover Defender to determine if it is in compliance with applicable rules and regulations governing the importation of vehicles from foreign countries into the United States. Photo by James Tourtellotte

Mercedes: The vehicle details for BLY 861Y are:

 

Date of Liability 01 02 2004

Date of First Registration 21 10 1982

Year of Manufacture 1982

Cylinder Capacity (cc) 2746CC

CO2 Emissions Not Available

Fuel Type Petrol

Export Marker Not Applicable

Vehicle Status Unlicensed

Vehicle Colour BLUE

 

CX: The vehicle details for OCF 15X are:

 

Date of Liability 01 10 1994

Date of First Registration 21 04 1982

Year of Manufacture 1982

Cylinder Capacity (cc) 2500CC

CO2 Emissions Not Available

Fuel Type Heavy Oil

Export Marker Not Applicable

Vehicle Status Unlicensed

Vehicle Colour BLUE

 

505: The vehicle details for BDU 775Y are:

 

Date of Liability 01 04 1993

Date of First Registration 05 10 1982

Year of Manufacture 1982

Cylinder Capacity (cc) 1971CC

CO2 Emissions Not Available

Fuel Type Petrol

Export Marker Not Applicable

Vehicle Status Unlicensed

Vehicle Colour BEIGE

 

Cressida: The vehicle details for NYL 68Y are:

 

Date of Liability 01 08 1997

Date of First Registration 01 09 1982

Year of Manufacture 1982

Cylinder Capacity (cc) 1972CC

CO2 Emissions Not Available

Fuel Type Petrol

Export Marker Not Applicable

Vehicle Status Unlicensed

Vehicle Colour RED

 

Carlton: Date of Liability 01 02 2002

Date of First Registration 08 11 1982

Year of Manufacture 1982

Cylinder Capacity (cc) 1796CC

CO2 Emissions Not Available

Fuel Type Petrol

Export Marker Not Applicable

Vehicle Status Unlicensed

Vehicle Colour BLUE

 

Volvo: The vehicle details for ADX 945Y are:

 

Date of Liability 01 10 1997

Date of First Registration 17 09 1982

Year of Manufacture 1982

Cylinder Capacity (cc) 2127CC

CO2 Emissions Not Available

Fuel Type Petrol

Export Marker Not Applicable

Vehicle Status Unlicensed

Vehicle Colour SILVER

 

Production Date: July 27, 1894

Source Type: Newspaper Advertisement

Printer, Publisher, Photographer: The Tribune

Postmark: Not Applicable

Collection: Steven R. Shook

Remark: This nearly full page advertisement was placed by The Porter Land & Manufacturing Company in the July 27, 1894, issue of The Tribune to induce individuals and companies to invest in an area that was referred to as The Boom located west of Chesterton and south of Porter in Porter County, Indiana.

 

The Boom was an area located in present day Chesterton bounded by the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railway tracks to the north and the present day roads of 7th Street on the east, Washington Avenue on the south, and 23rd Street on the west. This area, consisting of more than 1,200 acres, was purchased during the early 1890s by the Chicago Porter Home Investment Company. This company platted four additions to the town of Porter that contained hundreds of lots. At the time this land was subdivided and developed, the town of Porter had not yet incorporated and Chesterton’s western boundary only extended to present day 5th Street. Thus, all of this area that is now within the boundaries of Chesterton was at the time of its development considered a southern extension of the town of Porter.

 

The Chicago Porter Home Investment Company, incorporated by Chicago-based capitalists in Indiana on September 4, 1890, intended to take advantage of the rapid growth that was taking place in Porter with its enormous brickyards and newly established American Brass works factory, the H. Goldberg & Company cloak factory, the Hillstrom Organ Factory, and the Vienna Enamel & Stamping Works. Housing availability in both Chesterton and Porter in the five years prior to 1893 was extremely limited due to rapid population growth, and the investment company sought to remedy this situation with a massive development south of Porter and west of Chesterton. This area would be referred to by residents and the local newspaper as The Boom and, in some respects, could be considered a dream city since the intent was to eventually make the development a standalone entity from both Chesterton and Porter.

 

Many excursion trains were chartered by the investment company from Chicago to transport prospective buyers of lots to Porter, and The Tribune editor, Arthur J. Bowser, heavily promoted the development in his newspaper. Bowser even established a second Westchester Township newspaper in July 1894, the Porter Tribune, to support and heavily promote the development. In addition, Bowser constructed a two story brick building to house his Porter Tribune newspaper that was located at the intersection of present day Porter Avenue and 15th Street, 15th Street at that time being known as Main Street. This intersection served as the “downtown core” of The Boom.

 

The Panic of 1893 would cause The Boom to be a bust. During the four year depression that began in 1893, the investment company would reorganize into the Porter Land & Manufacturing Company to avoid dissolution. Reorganization, however, failed to keep the company afloat and it went bankrupt in 1895. Furthermore, several builders stopped constructing six homes near the Main Street and Porter Avenue intersection due to lack of compensation, which necessitated a notice to be issued in the local newspaper to seek sealed proposals for the completion of these homes. It was estimated that over $1 million was invested into the development of The Boom, or more than $33.2 million in 2023 dollars. Later, Chesterton would annex land embraced by The Boom and slowly the town would expand to the west.

 

-------------

 

The following newspaper item appeared in the August 7, 1903, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:

 

Chesterton Chips.

The gentlemen who have purchased the Tribune building and the ten cottages in the mineral springs block, are now actively engaged in fitting up the property preparatory for business. The cottages are to be put in shape for occupancy, and the Tribune building will be occupied by Mr. Schultz, of Chicago, who will soon move out here to personally superintend the work. Considerable money is to be spent on this property this summer and fall, and next year it is given out that a fine hotel will be erected on the property. The new owners expect to get things in shape so as to be able to entertain guests yet this summer and fall.

 

Sources:

The Chesterton Centennial, Inc. 1952. Chesterton Centennial 1852.... 1952. Chesterton, Indiana: The Chesterton Centennial, Inc. 110 p. [see p. 10]

 

Chesterton Retail Merchants' Association. 1949. The Chesterton Retail Merchants' Directory. Chesterton, Indiana: The Coffee Creek Press. 112 p. [see pp. 41, 43]

 

The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; August 7, 1903; Volume 20, Number 18, Page 5, Column 6. Column titled "Chesterton Chips."

 

George A. Ogle and Company. 1906. Standard Atlas of Porter County, Indiana: Including a Plat Book of the Villages, Cities and Townships of the County. Chicago, Illinois: George A. Ogle and Company. 55 p. [see pp. 46-47]

 

George A. Ogle & Company. 1921. Standard Atlas of Porter County, Indiana: Including a Plat Book of the Villages, Cities and Townships of the County. Chicago, Illinois: George A. Ogle & Company. 61 p. [see p. 16-17]

 

Lee & Lee. 1895. Lee and Lee’s Atlas of Porter County, Indiana. Chicago, Illinois: Lee & Lee. 81 p. [see pp. 62-63]

 

Moore, Powell A. 1959. The Calumet Region: Indiana's Last Frontier. Indianapolis, Indiana: Indiana Historical Bureau. 653 p. [see pp. 126-128]

 

The Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; June 22, 1894; Volume 11, Number 11, Page 1, Columns 4-5.

 

The Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; June 22, 1894; Volume 11, Number 11, Page 4, Column 3. Column titled "Porter Pointers. On the Movements and Doings of Its People. Including the Gossip and News of That Enterprising Town.”

 

The Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; July 6, 1894; Volume 11, Number 13, Page 4, Column 4. Column titled “Additional Chesterton News.”

 

The Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; July 20, 1894; Volume 11, Number 15, Page 4, Column 5. Column titled “Notice to Builders.”

 

The Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; July 20, 1894; Volume 11, Number 15, Page 8, Column 5. Column titled “Porter Pointers. On the Movements and Doings of Its People.”

 

The Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; July 27, 1894; Volume 11, Number 16, Page 5, Columns 2-6. Advertisement placed by The Porter Land & Manufacturing Company.

 

The Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; August 10, 1894; Volume 11, Number 18, Page 8, Column 4. Column titled “Porter Pointers. On the Movements and Doings of Its People.”

 

Copyright 2023. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.

CHESTERTON

BALL TEAM, 1913

 

Date: 1913

Source Type: Photograph

Publisher, Printer, Photographer: Gustave Alfred Lawson

Postmark: Not Applicable

Collection: Steven R. Shook

Remark: This photograph was taken by Gustave Alfred Lawson (b. 1867 - d. 1918). Lawson operated a photography studio at 748 Valparaiso Street (now North Calumet Avenue) in Chesterton located just north of the railroad tracks on the east side of road.

 

Please post a comment if you are able to identify any of the players. Note the African American with the catchers mitt in his lap (second row, far left). It is believed that this gentleman is Dick Wallace - see news item below.

 

At least three teams were playing organized baseball in Chesterton at this time - the team seen here, The Chesterton Tribune team, and the Mineral Springs team.

 

The man in the back row with the cigarette hanging from his mouth is holding two boxes containing baseballs.

 

------

 

The following "Voice of the People" column appeared in the October 22, 1914. issue of The Chesterton Tribune:

 

VOICE OF THE PEOPLE

Valparaiso, Ind., Oct. 19, '14.

Editor Chesterton Tribune:

I wish to announce through your paper that I have made arrangement for a return game Sunday, Oct. 25, with the famous Chicago Union Giants (colored) who defeated the Standards last Saturday, with five minor league players in the line-up, by a 6 to 5 score. Middleton and Emery, a Three-1 league battery, wil[l] work for Valpo. Game called at 2:45. Dick Wallace, an old Chesterton Tribune player, will be with the Union Giants.

 

I wish to thank you very much. I remain,

 

R. D. Austin,

Mgr. Valparaiso Standards.

 

Source:

The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; October 22, 1914; Volume 31, Number 31, Page 2, Column 3. Column titled "Voice of the People."

 

Copyright 2018. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.

Date: Circa 1870s

Source Type: Photograph, Tintype

Publisher, Printer, Photographer: Unknown

Postmark: Not Applicable

Collection: Steven R. Shook

Remark: This tintype was included in a photograph album owned by Louise DeMotte Letherman.

 

Written in pencil on the reverse of this tintype is the following information:

 

Samuel Ruffin

Pushmataha

Choctaw County

Alabama

 

Samuel Ruffin was born May 8, 1856, in Lexington, Lafayette County, Missouri, the son of Dr. William Haywood Ruffin and Agnes N. (Chadwick) Ruffin. Little is known about Samuel. He as two children interred at Mount Sterling Cemetery in Choctaw County, Alabama, so he may be buried in this cemetery.

 

Louise (DeMotte) Letherman was born August 21, 1859, in Valparaiso, Porter County, Indiana, the daughter of Mark L. DeMotte and Elizabeth (Christy) DeMotte. She married Lawrence Letherman on May 3, 1883, in Valparaiso. Louise died at Malden, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, on September 24, 1905. Louise is buried in Valparaiso's Maplewood Cemetery.

 

Mark Lindsey DeMotte was born in Rockville, Parke County, Indiana, on December 28, 1832, the son of Daniel DeMotte and Mary (Brewer) DeMotte. He graduated from Asbury University (now DePauw University) in Greencastle, Putnam County, Indiana, with an A.B. degree in 1853 and immediately began studying law at this institution, earning his law degree (LL.B.) in 1855. DeMotte was soon admitted to the Indiana bar and began his practice of law at Valparaiso, Porter County, Indiana.

 

In December 1856, Elizabeth Christy wedded DeMotte in Valparaiso, a union that resulted in two children, Louise and Mary.

 

DeMotte would serve in the Civil War rising to the rank of captain under the command of General Robert H. Milroy. At the conclusion of the war, DeMotte moved to Lexington, Lafayette County, Missouri, to resume his practice of law. He was an unsuccessful Republican candidate for Congress in the 1872 and 1876 elections.

 

DeMotte returned to Valparaiso in 1877 to practice law and would organize the Northern Indiana Law School in 1879, which later became known as the Valparaiso University School of Law (which went defunct in 2020).

 

DeMotte would again be a Republican candidate for Congress, winning the election of 1880, but would lose as an incumbent in the 1882 election. He would then serve in the Indiana State Senate between 1886 and 1890. He was appointed the postmaster of Valparaiso serving from March 24, 1890, to March 20, 1894. He would also serve as dean of the Northern Indiana Law School from 1890 to 1908.

 

DeMotte passed away on September 23, 1908, in Valparaiso and was interred in Maplewood Cemetery in that community.

 

Copyright 2020. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.

Date: 1920

Source Type: Photograph

Publisher, Printer, Photographer: Will Voss

Postmark: Not Applicable

Collection: Steven R. Shook

Remark: This photograph is labeled "Lincoln Highway looking east Valpo. This highway runs from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean." The tall building to the right with the sloped roof housed the Maxwell Implement Company, which also sold hardware. The Smith Barber Shop was also located in this building. Erected in 1901, this building was originally referred to as Empire Hall and stood on the southeast corner of Main Street (now referred to as Lincolnway) and Michigan Street.

 

The Maxwell Implement Company was owned and operated by George Leonard Maxwell. In October of 1920, Maxwell traded this building with Chester & Son on Washington Street, which also sold farm implements, resulting in both businesses swapping locations on November 1, 1920.

 

The building seen to the far right edge of the photograph and those building past the Maxwell Implement Company still stand [2023]. Note the automobile on blocks to the right in this photograph.

 

This photograph was included in an album of photographs that appear to have been taken by Will Voss between 1919 and 1921. Most of the photographs in the album are labeled and dated. The bulk of the photographs in the album were taken in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin.

 

It is apparent from the photographs taken in and around Valparaiso, Porter County, Indiana, that Will Voss was a student at Polk's School of Piano Tuning in Valparaiso.

 

------

 

The following news item appeared in the October 16, 1924, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:

 

MAXWELL COMPANY FILES BANKRUPTCY PETITION

Hammond, Ind., Oct. 11. -- One of the largest petitions for bankruptcy ever filed in the Hammond office came to light yesterday afternoon in the voluntary schedules of the Maxwell Implement Co., of Valparaiso, now in the hands of Charles Surprise, deputy clerk of the U. S. district court. Mr. Surprise has been appointed receiver for the concern.

 

Liabilities amounting to $112,995.19 are listed, and assets of $145,498.21, consisting mostly of real estate, stock in trade, bills notes and securities and debts due and unpaid. Charles M. Lish is president of the company.

 

George Leonard Maxwell, another officer, has filed a voluntary petition on his own behalf. His assets are $37,000, and liabilities about $40,000.

 

Part of the liabilities of the company include indorsed notes to the amount of $80,000. the concern is one of the best known in the country.

 

Source:

The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; October 16, 1924; Volume 41, Number 32, Page 1, Column 2. Column titled "Maxwell Company Files Bankruptcy Petition."

 

Copyright 2023. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.

Exchange Bank of H. J. Perrin & Co.

MARSHALL

MICH.

THE MICHIGAN CITY AND SOUTH BEND PLANK ROAD CO.

Will Pay TWO DOLLARS to the bearer.

No. 408, Michigan City, Ind. April 1862.

TWO

Wm Powell Secty.

J. Sibley Pres.

 

Date: April 1862

Source Type: Obsolete Scrip

Publisher, Printer, Photographer: American Bank Note Company

Postmark: Not Applicable

Collection: Steven R. Shook

Remark: This note is listed in Wolka et al. as 498-2 with a rarity of R-6 and in Wolka as 1575-02 with a rarity of R-5. The rarity scale ranges from R-1 to R-7, with R-5 indicating that between eleven and twenty-five specimens are known to exist, while and a rarity of R-6 indicates that six to ten specimens are known to exist.

 

The following is taken from Images of America: Marshall by Susan Collins and Jane Ammeson (2007 ,p. 111):

 

"The largest industrialist in Marshall’s history also had his own bank called the Exchange Bank of H. J. Perrin and Company. The bank was located on the northwest corner of Hamilton Street and Michigan Avenue. The safe is still in use in the shop there today. Horace J. Perrin acquired the water rights along the Kalamazoo River. He owned the old Ketchum mill on the river. He built a distillery, a flour mill, a foundry, and machine shops in the area that is still referred to as Perrinville. Just east of his industrial empire, he built a very large home, which burned in 1972. Perrin was undoubtedly the richest man in Marshall in the 19th century."

 

Horace J. Perrin was born in Penfield, Monroe County, New York, on June 16, 1819, the son of Hyde Perrin. He died on January 11, 1880, at Marshall, Calhoun County, Michigan. Perrin is interred at Oakridge Cemetery in Marshall.

 

An act was approved on February 8, 1851, by the Indiana General Assembly to benefit the Union Plank Road Company and the Michigan City & South Bend Plank Road Company, both located in Michigan City. The act recognized both companies as (Indiana General Assembly 1851, p. 461):

 

"...bodies politic and corporate, by their respective names, each of them possessing all the powers of a corporation in perpetuity, and they are fully authorized to do any and all acts which may be necessary to carry out the objects and purposes of said companies…. said companies are authorized and empowered to enter into contracts and agreements with each other for their mutual accommodation whereby the gate keepers of either said roads may receive toll from, and issue tickets to persons desirous of traveling over parts of both roads…."

 

According to a 1909 biographical sketch of Daniel Ball, Ball formed an acquaintance with Chauncy B. Blair, a businessman and banker from Michigan City who had relocated to Chicago to establish the Merchants National Bank. Note that Blair’s brother, Lyman Blair, issued scrip from Michigan City. Prior to 1856, Chauncey B. Blair had purchased the right to issue a form of currency based upon a charter from the State of Indiana for the establishment of the Union Plank Road Company. The Union Plank Road Company was created to construct a plank road between Michigan City and Union City, Randolph County, Indiana, which are separated by a distance of 200 miles.

 

Bills for the Union Plank Road Company totaling an amount between $100,000 to $200,000 were soon in circulation. Observing Blair’s success, Ball decided to embark in a similar enterprise and acquired the stock of The Michigan City and South Bend Railroad Company, with a circulation based upon a charter very similar to Blairs’ Union Plank Road Company. It has been reported (Hollister 1909, p. 55) that “So largely was that form of currency [i.e., Michigan City and South Bend Railroad Company notes] used in this vicinity [Grand Rapid, Michigan] and in this part of Michigan, and so promptly was it redeemed, that it served to drive out many of the other forms of money then in vogue.” So widespread was the circulation of these notes that it was commonly referred to “Ball money” between 1857 and 1860.

 

The commencement of the Civil War, however, brought considerable trouble to issuers of unsecured notes, such as those notes issued by Ball, since the federal government was issuing a more secure form of money. Daniel Ball & Company began to sell assets to pay redemptions on their notes, but the quick collapse of asset values combined with the rapidly increasing circulation of a national currency made an impossibility of this task. Acceptance of a national currency combined with a rapid disuse of unsecured notes became so overwhelming to Ball that he placed all his personal property and the assets of Daniel Ball & Company in the hands of Judge Solomon Lewis Withey on October 4, 1861, to protect it from creditors. At this time, the total circulation of notes associated with the Michigan City and South Bend Plank Road Company amounted to $22,000.

 

It is believed that The Exchange Bank of Horace J. Perrin & Company took control of assets of The Michigan City and South Bend Railroad Company at some point between October 1861 and April 1862, and possibly other assets, if any existed, of Daniel Ball & Company. It is known for certain that all unsecured notes in circulation issued by Ball for the plank road had been retired and paid in full by 1863. Hence, Perrin likely issued his own unsecured notes in April 1862 to resurrect The Michigan City and South Bend Plank Road Company.

 

Little is known as to whether this plank road company actually established a road between the communities of Michigan City and South Bend - or even partial segments of a road. Research has yielded little information on this company.

 

Note that this obsolete scrip is often misidentified as "The Exchange Bank of A. J. Perrin & Co." rather than H. J. Perrin, most likely due to the use of a serif font.

 

Source Information:

Carpenter, Ellen Priscilla Zehner. 1939. The First Zehner-Hoppes Family History. South Bend, Indiana: Mirror Press. [see p. 137]

 

Chicago Tribune, Chicago, Cook County, Illinois; April 2, 1864; Volume 17, Number 232, Page 1, Column 8. Column titled “Banking House of James Boyd.”

 

Hollister, Harvey J. 1909. Daniel Ball as a Banker. Publications of the History Society of Grand Rapids No. 4, Volume 1, Part 4. 8 p.

 

Indiana General Assembly. 1851. Local Laws of the State of Indiana, Passed at the Thirty-Fifth Session of the General Assembly. Indianapolis, Indiana: J. P. Chapman. 592 p.

 

Indiana State Sentinel, Indianapolis, Marion County, Indiana; October 25, 1849; Volume 9, Number 20, Page 2, Column 3. Column titled “Union Plank Road Company.”

 

Leavitt, Emily Wilder. 1900. The Blair Family of New England. Boston, Massachusetts: David Clapp & Son. 194 p. [see p. 91]

 

Marshall County Democrat, Plymouth, Marshall County, Indiana; March 13, 1856; Volume 1, Number 18, Page 3, Column 5. Column titled “Notice to Tax Payers.”

 

Oglesbee, Rollo B. 1908. History of Michigan City, Indiana. LaPorte, Indiana: Edward J. Waddell. 220 p. [see p. 214]

 

The Plymouth Banner, Plymouth, Marshall County, Indiana; June 15, 1854; Volume 3, Number 15, Page 1, Column 6. Column titled “Indiana Free Banks.”

 

Wolka, Wendell. 2018. A History of Indiana Obsolete Bank Notes and Scrip. Sun City Center, Florida: Wendell Wolka. 900 p. [see pp. 546-547]

 

Wolka, Wendell A., Jack M. Vorhies, and Donald A. Schramm. 1978. Indiana Obsolete Notes and Scrip. Iola, Wisconsin: Krause Publications. 306 p. [see p. 173]

 

Copyright 2020. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.

Go to the Book with image in the Internet Archive

Title: United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 5 Nos. 1-4, 1911

Creator: U.S. Navy. Bureau of Medicine and Surgery

Publisher:

Sponsor:

Contributor:

Date: 1911

Language: eng

Vol. 5, No. 1<br /><br />Preface... ... . ..... . . .. ......... .. ... .... . ... . .. . .... .. . . ..... . .. . . . ..... . v<br />Special articles ............. . ....... . . . .. . ............... . ............1<br />Diphtheria prophylaxis in the Navy. by C. S. Butler. .... . .. .. . ...1<br />Notes on "606," by Raymond Spear.. . .... .. . ... .. .. . ... ..... . ........ . . 4<br />Recent diagnostic methods in otology applicable to the naval service, by<br />G. B. Trible.... . . .. .... ...... . . .......... .. .. . .. 6<br />Bier's method of treatment in acute gonorrheal arthritis, by H.F. Strine. 12<br />Problems of sanitation in landing and expeditionary service in tropical and<br />subtropical regions, translation by P. J. Waldner.. .. . . .. . . . . . . . .. . .. .. 13<br />The mental examination of candidates for enlistment in the Navy and<br />Marine Corps, by Heber Butts.. . ......... . . . .............. . .... . . . .... 29<br />The recent outbreak of cholera in Italy, by C. J. Holeman.. ..... .. . .. . . . 38<br /><br />United States Naval Medical School Laboratories... ... ... .. ... .. .......... . . 41<br />The United States National Museum in its relation to other Government<br />scientific collections, by P. E . Garrison .... . . . .. . .. . ..... . ..... .,..... 41<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, June-August, 1910....... . ... . .... ... . . ........ . .... . 43<br />Recent additions to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical School. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 43<br /><br />Suggested devices............ . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . ..... . . . .. . ... . . . ..... . . . .. . 46<br />A sanitary garbage-can holder, by H. C. Kellers. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 46<br />The blanket splint, by F. X. Koltes..... ..... ... . . .. . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45<br /><br />Clinical notes.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47<br />Reports of four transfusions by the vein-to-vein method with curved glass<br />tubes, by A. M. Fauntleroy.. . . . . . . . .. . ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47<br />Bilateral inguino-superficial hernia with bilateral undescended testicle,<br />by H. C. Curl...... . ..... . .. . ... . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51<br />Larvae in the deep urethra and bladder, by H. F. Strine..... ... .. . . .. ... 51<br />An extensive razor wound of throat, by W. G. Farwell. ...... . ....... ..... 62<br />Report of two cases of heat cramps on U. S. S. Charleston, by H. A. May... 53<br />Fatigue and exhaustion in the fireroom, by F. G. Abeken .... ... . ... .. . . 67<br />A case of diabetes mellitus, by J.B. Dennis and A. C. Stanley . ........... 58<br />Sciatica incident to physical test (50-mile walk), by J. A. B. Sinclair..... 58<br />Poisoning resulting from the injection of bismuth paste, by C. B. Camerer... 59<br /><br />Current comment. . . . . . . . . . .  . . . 61<br />The medical library on the U. S. S. Solace... . ..... .. ......... .... . ... .. 61<br />Dioxydiamidoarsenobenzol in the treatment of syphilis. .. . .. . .. . . . . . . ... 61<br />New blank forms and instructions pertaining thereto.. . .. .... . ... . . ..... 63<br />A case of yellow fever reaches Honolulu . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . 65<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences. . ....... ... . .. . . . .. . . . ... . . .. . .... . ... .. ... . .. 67<br />General medicine. . .. .. ... . . .. . .... .. ... .. . .. . . .. . .. ..... .. . .. ........ 67<br />A modern conception of the psychoneuroses; status thymolymphaticus and its relation to sudden death; the Cammidge test in experimental pancreatitis and other conditions; hiccough in course of diaphragmatic pleurisy treated by Laborde's method ; fatigue the cause of enuresis; pellagra, some clinical and other features of the disease; is mercury a specific in pulmonary tuberculosis; a case of an acute febrile and probably infectious disease of unknown origin; further remarks on duodenal alimentation ; pemphigoid eruptions in typhoid<br />fever, A. W. Dunbar and J . L. Neilson . .. . .... . ... . . . .. . ... . . . .. 67<br />Surgery - The special field of neurological surgery, five years later; hypodermic injections in action, suggestions for simplifying their administration; the result of 168 operations for hernia; modern treatment of<br />fractures; report of two cases of revolver shot wound of the brain; haemophilia; the exclusion of the skin in surgery; removal of foreign bodies<br />from the bronchi; some notes on the use of nitrous oxid and oxygen for<br />prolonged anesthesia; the end results of prostatectomy, R. Spear and<br />E. Thompson ... . . . .. .. . .. . .... . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76<br />Hygiene and sanitation - Ventilation of ships, particularly merchant ships;<br />oral prophylaxis; recruiting in the German army; concerning the sources<br />of infection in cases of venereal diseases in the city of New York; the<br />effect of a mosquito net on the air within it, H. G. Beyer and C. N.<br />Fiske. .. . . .. ... . .. . .. . . .. . ... . . . . . .. . .. . . . ... . .... .. ... .... .. .. ..... 87<br />Tropical medicine - The rationale of quinine prophylaxis; a case of sleeping<br />sickness studied by precise enumerative methods; statistical study of<br />uncinariasis among white men in the Philippines, C. S. Butler.. . .. .. . .. 95<br />Pathology and bacteriology - A case of typhoid meningitis; complement fixation in thrombo-angiitie obliterans; personal observations on the Ehrlich-Hata "606;" certain aspects of the bacteriology of bacillary dysentery; a rapid presumptive test for diarrhea caused by the gas bacillus; investigation into the acid-fast bacteria found in the faeces with special reference to their presence in cases of tuberculosis; on the nature of the cellular elements presence in  milk; infection of a still-born infant by an amoebiform protozoan (entamooba mortinatalium), O. J . Mink.. . . ..... . 99<br />Medical zoology  - Ulcerating granuloma of the pudenda a protozoal disease<br />(preliminary communication); report of 15 cases of hymenolepis nana,<br />P. E. Garrison ... .... ... . ... ... .... .. ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. 102<br />Chemistry and pharmacy - Studies in OEdema. VI. The influence of adrenaline on absorption from the peritoneal cavity, with some remarks<br />on the influence of calcium chloride on absorption ; the action of mercury<br />and iodine in experimental syphilis; a protein reaction in the blood of the insane; chemistry of the antigen used in the Wassermann reaction; a lack of oxygen not a cause of death in cases of diminished air pressure; influence of mercury on the results of the serum reaction in antisyphilitic treatment; quantitative determination of albumin in the urine;<br />E.W. Brown and O. G. Ruge ............. . ............ ... ..... 104<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat - The use of carbon dioxide snow in eye work;<br />preliminary communication of a new method for the prevention and treatment<br />of sympathetic ophthalmitis, E. M. Shipp......... .. . .. ... ... .. . 106 <br />Reports and letters .. . . . ...... . .... . .... . ... . . ... . ... .  .. . . . .. . . 109<br />A visit to the Leper Settlement, Molokai, Hawaii, J. D. Gatewood .... ... . 109<br />Report on the meeting of the American Public Health Association, 1910,<br />C. N. Fiske. . ... ......... .. .. . .. . . . ... . . . ...... . . . .... .. . . ..... ... . . . 114<br />Report on the meeting of the American Hospital Association, 1910, A. W.<br />Dunbar.. . .. .. .... . ... . ... .. . .. .. .. . . . .... ... ... ... .. .. .. ... . ....... 117<br />The latest word from Ehrlich........ . .............................. . .. 122<br /><br />Vol. 5, No. 2<br /><br />Preface... ... .. ... .. ........ ... .................. .... ..... .............. vii<br />Special articles.....................125<br />The intravenous administration of "606" in 56 case, by G. B. Trible and<br />H. A. Garrison ...................... 125<br />Ehrlich discusses "606," translation, by Dr. J.C. Bierwirth. . ...... . . . ... 134<br />Satisfactory results with a simplified Wassermann technique (Emery), by<br />E. R. Stitt. ..................... 142<br />Further notes on the preparation of a culture medium from dried blood<br />serum, by E. W. Brown... . . .. .... . . .. . .. .... . . ... ........ .. .. . .... 144<br />Note on the existence of Agchylostoma duodenale in Guam, by W. M. Kerr. .....................145<br />Intestinal parasites found among the crew of the U.S.S. South Dakota, by<br />E.G. Parker. .... . ..... .. . ..... .. . ..... ...... . .... ... . . ... .. ...... . 145<br />Results of an examination of Filipino mess attendants for intestinal parasites,<br />by W. A. Angwin and C. E. Camerer ..................... 147<br />The practical use of carbon dioxide snow as seen at the West London Hospital, by G. D. Hale. .. .... . .. . . . .. ... . . . .......... . .......... . ..... . 148<br />Nomenclature for causes of physical disability in the Navy, by 0. N.<br />Fiske.. . .. . .......................... . .. .. . .... .. . . .. ...... .. .. .. . 149<br /><br />United States Naval Medical School laboratories . . . . . . ..................... 159<br />An atypical typhoid bacillus, by O. J. Mink.. .. . .. ........ .. ........... 159<br />Notes on parasites found at animal autopsies in the Naval Medical School<br />laboratories during 1910, by C. S. Butler and P. E. Garrison.. . .. . ...... 159<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, December, 1910-February, 1911 . .. ... . .  161<br />Additions to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical<br />School, December, 1910-February, 1911 . .... .162<br /><br />Suggested devices ...... . . . ... ... .. . . . . . . 163<br />An intestine tray for autopsies, by P. E. Garrison. . . .... .... .. .. .. .. .. ... 163<br />A suggested improvement in the method of taking finger prints, by F. H.<br />Brooks . .... .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. ... . .... .. .. .. .. . . .. .... . . .. .. . ..... . .. 164<br /><br />Clinical notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167<br />A case of cholecystectomy, by R. Spear. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 167<br />A case of fracture of the skull, by W. M. Garton. . . ... ... . ... . ........ . .. 168<br />Hypernephroma of right kidney, nephrectomy with recovery, by A. M.<br />Fauntleroy... ... .. ... .. ..... .... . .. . . ..... ..... . .... . ............. . 169<br />A case of general chronic perihepatitis, by E. R. Stitt .. . . . . . .. ...... . ... 171<br />Bacillary dysentery showing extreme toxaemia, by E. R. Stitt........ .. .. 173<br />Report on 10 cases of syphilis treated with "606," by U. R. Webb....... 173<br />A suspected case of gangosa, by O. J. Mink.. . . .. . ...... . .... .. . . . .... .... 178<br />Lamblia intestinalis and ascaris lumbricoides associated with amoebic dysentery by G. B. Trible . . . . . ... ....... . . . . .. . .. .. ... . .... . ........ . . . . . . 178<br />A case of pernicious anemia showing points of resemblance to kala azar,<br />by E. R. Stitt . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180<br />A case of amoebic dysentery with liver abscess by E. R. Stitt. . .. .. ... ... 180<br />A case of intussusception, by E. R. Stitt..... . . .. . . . . . .. ......... .. . .. . . . 181<br />Report of two unusual fracture cases, by J. B. Dennis and A. C. Stanley... 181<br />Associated tuberculosis and syphilis, by O. J. Mink and E. H. H. Old...... 182<br />An undesirable recruit, by Heber Butts............................ . . . . . 183<br />Report of six cases of appendicitis aboard the U.S. S. Tennessee, by M. K.<br />Johnson and W. L. Mann...... ... .......................... .. ........ 190<br /><br />Current comment... .. .................................................... 193<br />Notification of venereal diseases.............. . .......................... 193<br />The use of salvarsan in filarial disease.. ...................... . .......... 194<br />Howard Taylor Ricketts...................................... . ........ 195<br />Typhoid vaccination. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195<br />Further notes on the new blank forms..................................... 196<br />The bacteriology of acute poliomyelitis............. . .... .. .. ...... ..... 197<br />Hospital facilities at Montevideo.... .... . .............................. 197<br />A correction. . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197<br />A course of instructive lectures . ......................................... 197<br />Physical culture......... ... . . ........... .. .......................... . . 198<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences...... . ................. . ..... . ............. . .. 199<br />General medicine - Haemoglobinuric fever on the Canal Zone; malingering; on the presence of a venous hum in the epigastrium in cirrhosis of the liver; the use of the X-ray in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis; mercury succinimid in the treatment of tuberculosis; high blood pressure in arteriosclerosis; the treatment and prognosis of exophthalmic goitre; some clinical methods of diagnosis of the functional activity of the heart; further notes on the treatment of paralysis agitans with parathyroid gland; on fever caused by the bite of the sand fly (Phlebotomus papatasii); Myzomyia roasii as a malaria carrier; a modified Caldwell kitchen incinerator for field use, by A. W. Dunbar and J. L. Xeilson....... 199<br />Surgery - The cause of death from shock by commercial electric currents<br />and the treatment of same; the best method of exposing the interior of the bladder in suprapubic operations; "606 "; a consideration of surgical methods of treating hyperthyroidism; genito-urinary diseases; radium therapy; the intravenous use of cocaine, report of a case; diseases of the stomach and duodenum from a surgical standpoint; dry iodine catgut; disinfection of the skin by tincture of iodine; the Roentgen-ray examination of the esophagus; solitary perforation of the ileum associated with strangulated and obstructed hernia; the time and method for prostatectomy; a practical mechanical method of end-to-end anastomosis of blood vessels; by R. Spear and E. \V . Thompson................... 213<br />Hygiene and sanitation - Sterilization of water on a large scale by means<br />of ultra-violet rays; nota sulla carne refrigerata e sui refrigeranti dei piroscafi; the American game of football, is it a factor for good or for evil? the hygiene of the simming pool ; "cordite eating"; the process of disinfection by chemical agencies and hot water; eggs, a study of eggs offered for sale as pure food; by H. G. Beyer and C. N. Fiske. ..... .. 226<br />Tropical medicine - Upon a new pathognomonic sign of malaria; a simple<br />method for the treatment of cholera; traitement de la trypanosomiase<br />humaine, by C. S. Butler. . .... .. ....... ... .. ...... . . . . ..... .. . ....... 237<br />Pathology and bacteriology -  A method for the bacteriological standardization of disinfectants; microorganism found in the blood of acute cases of poliomyelitis; experimental rssearches upon typhus exanthematicus<br />done at the Pasteur Institute of Tunis during the year l910; bacteriology of human bile with especial reference to the typhoid carrier problem; the control of typhoid in the army by vaccination; experiments on transmission of bacteria by flies with special relation to an epidemic of bacillary dysentery at the Worcester State Hospital, Massachusetts, 1910; experiences in the use of vaccines in chronic suppuration of the nasal access0ry sinuses; histological study of skin lesions of pellagra; a resume of the evidence concerning the diagnostic and clinical value of the Wassermann reaction; experimentelle Beitrage zum Studium des Mechanismus der Immunkorper und Komplementwirkung; by O. J . Mink.............. 240<br />Chemistry and pharmacy.-The preparation of thyroid extract for therapeutic<br />purposes; the action of urinary antiseptics; wird eingenommenes<br />Chinin mit der Muttermilch ausgeschieden? Uebergang von Arzenmitteln<br />in die Milch; the quantitative estimation of albumin in the urine, by Tsuchiya's procss; the quantitative determination of albumin according to Tsuchiya; on the stability of the solutions prepared for Bang's method of estimating sugar in the urine, by E. M. Brown and O. G. Ruge.. . .......... 251<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Tests for color-vision ; a note on the use of scarlet red in corneal diseases; report on progress in otology; ear disease and its prevention; the prevalence of middle ear disease in the [British] army, with a suggestion for a remedy; peritonsillar abscess; by E. M. Shipp. . ........ . . 266<br /><br />Reports and letters ............ 267<br />The surgical aspect of the engagement of La Ceiba, Honduras, by L. W.<br />Bishop and W. L. Irvine.......... . ......... . .. . ... . ....... . . . ...... 267<br />Extract from sanitary report of U.S.S. New Orleans, for the year 1901, by<br />W. F. Arnold... .. .. .. ....... ... . . . ... . . ... ..... . . ... . . . .. .. . . ....... 269<br /><br />Vol. 5, No. 3<br /><br />Preface...... ........... ................... .... ...... .... .. .... ...... .. ... v<br />Special articles: ·<br />Tropical diseases in their relation to the eye, by E. M. Shipp.... .... . . . . 271<br />Intravenous administration of salvarsan, by G. B. Trible and H. A.<br />Garrison. ... . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285<br />The mental examination of 50 recruits who became insane soon after enlistment, by Heber Butts........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295<br />Diagnosis and treatment of hernia in the Navy, by B. F. Jenness.... .. ... 313<br /><br />United States Medical School laboratories:<br />Davainea madagascariensis in the Philippine Islands, by P. E. Garrison. . 321<br />The interpretation of negative and weakly positive reactions in Noguchi's<br />complement fixation test, by M. E. Higgins... . .. . . . ....... . ......... 327<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, March-May, 1911........ . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 328<br />Specimens added to the pathological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, March-May, 1911. . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328<br /><br />Suggested devices:<br />An improvised X-ray apparatus, by H. A. Harris. . . . ..... . .. .. . .. . . . . . . 331<br />Fracture of mandible with improved method of adjustment, by W. A.<br />Angwin .. . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332<br /><br />Clinical notes:<br />Gunshot wound of elbow, by Raymond Spear..... .. .. . .... . . . ... . . . ... . 335<br />Clinical symptoms appearing immediately after antityphoid inoculation,<br />by J. R. Phelps and G. F. Clark. . .. .... . .. ..... . . ... . . ... .. . .. . . . . . .. 336<br />Posterior gastro-enteroetomy three years after anterior gastro-enteroetomy,<br />by A. M. Fauntleroy... . .. ... .. ... . . ... . .. . . .. ... ... ... .. ..... . .. . . . 338<br />Pontine hemorrhage resulting from a blow in boxing, by H. C. Curl.. . . . . 340<br />Fracture of the zygoma, by R. B. Williams... ... .. . . ............ ....... 341<br />Death from unruptured thoracic aneurism, by E. P. Huff... . . .... . .. ... 342<br />A plastic pernicious anemia associated with agchyloetomiaeis, by E. R. Stitt. 345<br />Balantidium coli infection associated with amoebic dysentery, by G. B.<br />Trible..... . ..... ... . ... . . . ... . . . ....... . ........ . ..... .. . 346<br />Return of syphilitic symptoms after administration of salvarsan, by C. F.<br />Sterne. . ....... . .. . . . . .. . . ... . ..... . .... . ........ . .... . . . . .... . ... . . . 348<br />A case of syphilis which poeeibly demonstrates the efficacy of prophylaxis<br />against venereal diseases, by E. H. H. Old ... . . . . .. ..... 349<br />Cerebral syphilis in a native of Guam, by W. M. Kerr.. ... . . ... ... ..... 350<br />A case of autoserotherapy, by E. O. J. Eytinge and L. W. McGuire. ...... 351<br />Haemoglobinuric fever, by D. G. Sutton. . . . ...... . .. . .. .. . .... .. . .... .. 352<br />Shock caused by lightning stroke, by W. S. Hoen .... . .. . . ............ . . 353<br />An unusual cause of burn, by F. M. Munson.......... .. . . .. . ..... . .. .. 354<br />Traumatic extrusion of testicle, by J . A. B. Sinclair. . . .. . . . . ....... . ... 355<br /><br />Current comment: <br />Criticisms and suggestions relative to the health records . .. .. . . . · 357<br />Distinguished honors conferred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358<br />The closing exercises of the Naval Medical School... . ...... . .... . ... . . . 358<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences:<br />General medicine - Plague in Manchuria and its lessons; the treatment of<br />arthritis deformans; hereditary haemophilia, deficiency in the coagulability<br />of the blood the only immediate cause of the condition; discussion of acidosis, by A. W. Dunbar and J . L. Neilson .. ........ .. ... .. . . .... 361<br />Surgery - Laceration of the axillary portion of the shoulder joint as a factor in the etiology of traumatic combined paralysis of the upper extremity; tuberculosis of the kidney and ureter; injuries to the kidneys with end results; fracture of the patella; acute emergencies of abdominal disease; intestinal obstruction due to kinks and adhesions of the terminal ileum; the functions of the great omentum; treatment of peritonitis consecutive to appendicitis; treatment of ascites by drainage into the subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen; special dangers associated with operations on the biliary passages and their avoidance; a simple method for the relief of certain forms of odynphagia; by Raymond Spear and Edgar Thompson....... ...... . . ... . ... ... ... .. 365<br />Hygiene and sanitation - Food requirements for sustenance and work; carbo-gasoline method for the disinfection of books; typhoid fever and mussel pollution; the duty of the community toward ita consumptives; some aspects of tropical sanitation; table jellies; the significance of the bacillus carrier in the spread of Asiatic cholera; the value of vaccination and revaccination; prophylaxie de la syphilis; the value of terminal disinfection; a method for determining the germicidal value and penetrating power of liquid disinfectants; by H. G. Beyer and C. N. Fiske........... 377<br />Tropical medicine - Further researches on the hyphomycetes of tinea imbricata; the action of'' 606" in sleeping sickness; the action of salvarsan in malaria; the application of "606" to the treatment of kala-azar; the specific treatment of leprosy; the role of the infective granule in certain protozoa! infections as illustrated by the spirochaetosis of Sudanese fowls, preliminary note; by C. S. Butler. . .... . . . ..... . .. .. .. . . . . ... . ... .... 389<br />Pathology and bacteriology - Ehrlich's biochemical theory and its conception<br />and application; researches on experimental typhoid fever; a record of 90 diphtheria carriers; the serum diagnosis of syphilis; by M. E. Higgins. . . . 392<br />Medical zoology - Note on the presence of a lateral spine in the eggs of<br />Schistosoma japonicum; onchocerciasis in cattle with special reference<br />to the structure and bionomic characters of the parasite; by P. E.<br />Garrison .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397<br />Chemistry and pharmacy - The preparation of a convenient and stable litmus solution; a method to demonstrate and estimate the digestive fermenta in the feces; a simple method for the estimation of ammonia in the urine of diabetics for the recognition of acidosis; new process for sterilizing water by potassium permanganate; the colorimetric estimation of dextrose in urine; a new method for the estimation of sugar in the urine; by E.W. Brown and O. G. Ruge . .. . .. ... . . . ..... ... . . 398<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Examination of the nose and throat in relation<br />to general diagnosis, results in asthma; the nonsurgical treatment of<br />cataract; by E. M. Shipp..... . . . .. . .. .. .. . .... .. ... . 400<br /><br />Reports and letters:<br />Plague conditions in North China, by W. D. Owens.......... .. .. ... ... 405<br /><br />Vol. 5, No. 4<br /><br />Preface ... .. . . . ............... . ...... ... ........................ .. ........ v<br /><br />Special articles:<br />The tenth convention of the second Hague conference of 1907, and its <br />relation to the evacuation of the wounded in naval warfare, by F. L.<br />Pleadwell (first paper) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  409<br />Is gangoea a form of syphilis? by H. E. Odell....... .. ... . ............. 430<br />Salvarsan as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent in syphilis, by C. M.<br />George.... .. ............ ...... . . .. .... . . . .... . .. . 485<br />Flat foot and its relation to the Navy, by R. G. Heiner.. . ............... 451<br />Notes on submarine cruising, by I. F. Cohn............................ 455<br />Important features in the technique of carbon dioxide estimations in air,<br />by E. W. Brown... . ................. . .. . . . ... . ...... . ...... . ..... . . 457<br />The use of salvarsan on board the U.S.S. Michigan, by J . J. Snyder and<br />A. L. Clifton............. . . .. . . .............. . .................... . .. 459<br />Notes on vaccination, by A. B. Clifford... .. ........................... 461<br />The preparation of patient.e for operation at the United States Naval Hospital,<br />Norfolk, Va., by W. M. Garton.. . ..... .... .. .. ... . . . ...... ..... 462<br /><br />United States Naval Medical School laboratories:<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, June-Aug., 1911 ........ . ... .......... . .. . .. 465<br />Specimens added to the pathological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, June-Aug., 1911.................... . .... . .. .. . ... . .. 465<br /><br />Suggested devices:<br />An apparatus for hoisting patients aboard the hospital ship Solace, by<br />E. M. Blackwell... . ............ . . . ................................ . . 467<br />An inexpensive and satisfactory ethyl chloride inhaler for general<br />anaesthesia, by J. H. Barton .. . . ... .. .. .. . . .. .. . .. .... ...... 469<br /><br />Clinical notes:<br />Old "irreducible" dislocation of head of humerus, by H. C. Curl. . . . ... . 471<br />A case of brain tumor, by R. E. Hoyt.. .. .... .... . ...... . . .... . .. ........ 472<br />A case of brain abscess, by J. R. Phelps and G. F. Clark.. .. . .. . . . . . . .. . . 474<br />Report of two cases of cerebrospinal fever, by R. A. Bachmann.. . . . .... 477<br />A case of leprosy on board the U.S.S. Villalobos, by D. H. Noble....... 479<br />A case resembling gangosa, in which a treponema was found, by P. S.<br />Rossiter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481<br />A case extensively burned, by N. T. McLean.. ... .... .. . . .. . .. ... ... . . . 481<br />Acute pemphigus following vaccination, by R. Hayden.... ... . .... ..... . . 482<br />Two interesting cases on the U.S.S. Prairie, by C. C. Grieve . .. . . . .... . . 486<br />An atypical case of typhoid fever, by L. W. Johnson... . ... . .. . .... . .. . .. 488<br />Tolerance of the peritoneum rarely seen, by P. R. Stalnaker and G. W.<br />Shepard. . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489<br />Note on tincture of iodine, by R. Spear...... . . . . . ... . ... .... . .. . .. ..... 490<br />Notes on salvarsan, by R. Spear..... . ...... . .............. . ..... . . ..... 491<br /><br /><br />Current comment :<br />Instructions relative to medical returns ... ....... . ..... . ............... .493<br />Clinical cards .. ........... ... . . .. .. ... . .... . . . . . .. . ... . .. . ......... . . .494<br />Measles in Samoa . ................ .. . ... . . . . ... . ....................... .495<br />The conservation of the public health ........ . .................... .496<br />Closure of the naval stations at San Juan and Culebra ....... .. .. . . . ..... 498<br />New pavilion for the practice of thoracic surgery ........ . ..... ...... 498<br />The Bellevue Hospital nomenclature of diseases and conditions, 1911 .... .498<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences:<br />General medicine - Pathological and experimental data derived from a<br />further study of an acute infectious disease of unknown origin; the mode<br />of transmission of leprosy; genesis of incipient tuberculisus; a method<br />for determining the absolute pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid; the after<br />history of cases of albuminuria occurring in adolescence; the stereoscopic<br />X-ray examination of the chest with special reference to the diagnosis of<br />pulmonary tuberculosis; the use of antiformin in the examination for the<br />tubercle bacillus; by A. W. Dunbar and J. L. Neilson ............. . . . 501<br />Surgery - The control of bleeding in operations for brain tumors; intravenous<br />anesthesia from hedonal; the difficulties and limitations of diagnosis in advanced cases of renal tuberculosis; the treatment of X-ray ulcer; nephroureterectomy; by Raymond Spear and Edgar Thompson .. 511<br />Hygiene and Sanitation - A simple method of purifying almost any infected<br />water for drinking purposes; the physiology of the march; wall paper and illumination; vaccination et serotherapie anticholeriques; upon the<br />inoculation of materia morbi through the human skin by fleabites; garbage receptacles; the relative influence of the heat and chemical impurity of close air; method for measuring the degree of vitiation of the air of inclosed spaces; by H. G. Beyer and  C.N. Fiske . .. . .. ..... . 518<br />Tropical medicine - The diagnosis of pellagra; researches upon acarids <br />among lepers; action of "606" upon malaria; by C. S. Butler ......... . 523<br />Pathology and bacteriology - An outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by<br />B. paratyphosus; infection of rabbits with the virus of poliomyelitis; the<br />mechanism of the formation of metastases in malignant tumors; a method<br />for the pure cultivation of pathogenic treponema pallidum; by Y. E .<br />Higgins .. .... .. .. . ..................... .. ..... . ............. . ...... . 528<br />Medical zoology - On Kwan's fluke and the presence of spines in<br />fasciolopsis; endemic Mediterranean fever (Malta fever) in southwest<br />Tcxas; by P. E. Garrison . ..... . .......... .. . . .... . .... . ........... . . . 532<br />Chemistry and pharmacy - Detection of blood by means of leuco-malachitegreen; an improved form of Heller's ring test for detection of albumin in the urine; an important reagent for Fehling's method for sugar estimation; method for the estimation of urotropin in the urine; detection of amylolytic ferments in the feces; new technique for the estimation of total nitrogen, ammonia, and urea in the urine; chemotherapy and "606" by E. W. Brown and O. G. Ruge ............... 533<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat  - Defective vision and its bearing on the question<br />of fitness for service; "606 ' ' and eye diseases; by E. M. Shipp ... .. .. .538<br /><br />Reports and letters:<br />American Medical Association meeting, by C. P. Bfagg .. .. .... . .....550<br />Sanitary report on Kiukiang, Kiangse Province, China, by D. H. Noble ...550<br />Index to volume V ...............559<br />Subject index .......... . ........ . ....................... 559<br />Author's index . . . ........ . ..... . ......... . ......... .  570<br /><br /><br />

 

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Last year, I asked a question on Quora asking why Apple ($AAPL) does not violate antitrust laws to default Safari as its browser on iOS devices while Microsoft ($MSFT) was fined billions for defaulting Internet Explorer in Windows. An anonymous user reasoned that Apple’s practice cannot be considered as monopolistic because it does not hold the majority share of the market [1].

 

A couple of days ago, Bloomberg reported that Apple has—for the first time—taken over Samsung to become the top mobile-phone maker in the U.S. [2]

 

Does this mean that it is finally possible to pressure Apple to give users the option to customize which browser is used by default on iOS? That would be very welcome, as Google ($GOOG) Chrome on iOS in my opinion gives a far better user experience than Safari, and frankly it is wasting a lot of time for me to be copying URLs from Safari just so that I can paste into Google Chrome.

 

# Notes

1. Bloomberg: 2013-02-01: Apple Overtakes Samsung With 34% of U.S. Mobile Market: www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-02-01/apple-overtakes-samsung...

 

Apple Inc. (AAPL) passed Samsung (005930) Electronics Co. to become the top mobile-phone maker in the U.S. for the first time, scoring a victory in the companies’ battle for global dominance of the mobile-device market.

 

The U.S. market is a stronghold for Apple as it faces intensifying competition from Samsung and other smartphone makers using Google Inc. (GOOG)’s Android operating system. Samsung, which also makes cheaper handsets with less sophisticated functions, is the global leader in mobile phones with more than 100 million units sold last quarter.

 

2. Quora: Antitrust: If Microsoft’s inclusion of Internet Explorer is anti-competitive, why is it ok for Apple to force people to use Safari on iOS devices? www.quora.com/Antitrust/If-Microsofts-inclusion-of-Intern...

 

“Apple became US top mobi = antitrust law now applicable?” $AAPL $GOOG $MSFT

/ SML.20130204.SC.PublicMedia.Bloomberg.20130201.apple-overtakes-samsung-by-taking-34-u-s-mobile-phone-market

/ #SMLQuery #SMLOpinions #CCBY #SMLFinance #SMLData #SMLUniverse #SMLPublicMedia

/ #AAPL #Apple #GOOG #Google #MSFT #Microsoft #UX #UserExperience #questions #antitrust #law #Quora #opinions #Bloomberg #technology #US #Safari #iOS #GoogleChrome #Samsung #Android

Channel Sales

Lou Fulco, Atlanta GA – Sales Engineer

Applicable Criteria: Customer Relationship

Reason Selected: Lou, a long-time NEC employee spanning more than 20-years, has recently played an instrumental role in two of NEC’s most critical initiatives. The first is the VA Hospitals Region-II SV8300 enterprise voice opportunity which consisted of 43 SV8300 individually configured units, worth nearly $1M in revenue to NEC. The second key initiative is NEC’s expansion of business into South America, specifically, a week-long training session in Brazil with some of our top partners.

Go to the Book with image in the Internet Archive

Title: United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 5 Nos. 1-4, 1911

Creator: U.S. Navy. Bureau of Medicine and Surgery

Publisher:

Sponsor:

Contributor:

Date: 1911

Language: eng

Vol. 5, No. 1<br /><br />Preface... ... . ..... . . .. ......... .. ... .... . ... . .. . .... .. . . ..... . .. . . . ..... . v<br />Special articles ............. . ....... . . . .. . ............... . ............1<br />Diphtheria prophylaxis in the Navy. by C. S. Butler. .... . .. .. . ...1<br />Notes on "606," by Raymond Spear.. . .... .. . ... .. .. . ... ..... . ........ . . 4<br />Recent diagnostic methods in otology applicable to the naval service, by<br />G. B. Trible.... . . .. .... ...... . . .......... .. .. . .. 6<br />Bier's method of treatment in acute gonorrheal arthritis, by H.F. Strine. 12<br />Problems of sanitation in landing and expeditionary service in tropical and<br />subtropical regions, translation by P. J. Waldner.. .. . . .. . . . . . . . .. . .. .. 13<br />The mental examination of candidates for enlistment in the Navy and<br />Marine Corps, by Heber Butts.. . ......... . . . .............. . .... . . . .... 29<br />The recent outbreak of cholera in Italy, by C. J. Holeman.. ..... .. . .. . . . 38<br /><br />United States Naval Medical School Laboratories... ... ... .. ... .. .......... . . 41<br />The United States National Museum in its relation to other Government<br />scientific collections, by P. E . Garrison .... . . . .. . .. . ..... . ..... .,..... 41<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, June-August, 1910....... . ... . .... ... . . ........ . .... . 43<br />Recent additions to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical School. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 43<br /><br />Suggested devices............ . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . ..... . . . .. . ... . . . ..... . . . .. . 46<br />A sanitary garbage-can holder, by H. C. Kellers. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 46<br />The blanket splint, by F. X. Koltes..... ..... ... . . .. . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45<br /><br />Clinical notes.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47<br />Reports of four transfusions by the vein-to-vein method with curved glass<br />tubes, by A. M. Fauntleroy.. . . . . . . . .. . ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47<br />Bilateral inguino-superficial hernia with bilateral undescended testicle,<br />by H. C. Curl...... . ..... . .. . ... . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51<br />Larvae in the deep urethra and bladder, by H. F. Strine..... ... .. . . .. ... 51<br />An extensive razor wound of throat, by W. G. Farwell. ...... . ....... ..... 62<br />Report of two cases of heat cramps on U. S. S. Charleston, by H. A. May... 53<br />Fatigue and exhaustion in the fireroom, by F. G. Abeken .... ... . ... .. . . 67<br />A case of diabetes mellitus, by J.B. Dennis and A. C. Stanley . ........... 58<br />Sciatica incident to physical test (50-mile walk), by J. A. B. Sinclair..... 58<br />Poisoning resulting from the injection of bismuth paste, by C. B. Camerer... 59<br /><br />Current comment. . . . . . . . . . .  . . . 61<br />The medical library on the U. S. S. Solace... . ..... .. ......... .... . ... .. 61<br />Dioxydiamidoarsenobenzol in the treatment of syphilis. .. . .. . .. . . . . . . ... 61<br />New blank forms and instructions pertaining thereto.. . .. .... . ... . . ..... 63<br />A case of yellow fever reaches Honolulu . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . 65<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences. . ....... ... . .. . . . .. . . . ... . . .. . .... . ... .. ... . .. 67<br />General medicine. . .. .. ... . . .. . .... .. ... .. . .. . . .. . .. ..... .. . .. ........ 67<br />A modern conception of the psychoneuroses; status thymolymphaticus and its relation to sudden death; the Cammidge test in experimental pancreatitis and other conditions; hiccough in course of diaphragmatic pleurisy treated by Laborde's method ; fatigue the cause of enuresis; pellagra, some clinical and other features of the disease; is mercury a specific in pulmonary tuberculosis; a case of an acute febrile and probably infectious disease of unknown origin; further remarks on duodenal alimentation ; pemphigoid eruptions in typhoid<br />fever, A. W. Dunbar and J . L. Neilson . .. . .... . ... . . . .. . ... . . . .. 67<br />Surgery - The special field of neurological surgery, five years later; hypodermic injections in action, suggestions for simplifying their administration; the result of 168 operations for hernia; modern treatment of<br />fractures; report of two cases of revolver shot wound of the brain; haemophilia; the exclusion of the skin in surgery; removal of foreign bodies<br />from the bronchi; some notes on the use of nitrous oxid and oxygen for<br />prolonged anesthesia; the end results of prostatectomy, R. Spear and<br />E. Thompson ... . . . .. .. . .. . .... . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76<br />Hygiene and sanitation - Ventilation of ships, particularly merchant ships;<br />oral prophylaxis; recruiting in the German army; concerning the sources<br />of infection in cases of venereal diseases in the city of New York; the<br />effect of a mosquito net on the air within it, H. G. Beyer and C. N.<br />Fiske. .. . . .. ... . .. . .. . . .. . ... . . . . . .. . .. . . . ... . .... .. ... .... .. .. ..... 87<br />Tropical medicine - The rationale of quinine prophylaxis; a case of sleeping<br />sickness studied by precise enumerative methods; statistical study of<br />uncinariasis among white men in the Philippines, C. S. Butler.. . .. .. . .. 95<br />Pathology and bacteriology - A case of typhoid meningitis; complement fixation in thrombo-angiitie obliterans; personal observations on the Ehrlich-Hata "606;" certain aspects of the bacteriology of bacillary dysentery; a rapid presumptive test for diarrhea caused by the gas bacillus; investigation into the acid-fast bacteria found in the faeces with special reference to their presence in cases of tuberculosis; on the nature of the cellular elements presence in  milk; infection of a still-born infant by an amoebiform protozoan (entamooba mortinatalium), O. J . Mink.. . . ..... . 99<br />Medical zoology  - Ulcerating granuloma of the pudenda a protozoal disease<br />(preliminary communication); report of 15 cases of hymenolepis nana,<br />P. E. Garrison ... .... ... . ... ... .... .. ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. 102<br />Chemistry and pharmacy - Studies in OEdema. VI. The influence of adrenaline on absorption from the peritoneal cavity, with some remarks<br />on the influence of calcium chloride on absorption ; the action of mercury<br />and iodine in experimental syphilis; a protein reaction in the blood of the insane; chemistry of the antigen used in the Wassermann reaction; a lack of oxygen not a cause of death in cases of diminished air pressure; influence of mercury on the results of the serum reaction in antisyphilitic treatment; quantitative determination of albumin in the urine;<br />E.W. Brown and O. G. Ruge ............. . ............ ... ..... 104<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat - The use of carbon dioxide snow in eye work;<br />preliminary communication of a new method for the prevention and treatment<br />of sympathetic ophthalmitis, E. M. Shipp......... .. . .. ... ... .. . 106 <br />Reports and letters .. . . . ...... . .... . .... . ... . . ... . ... .  .. . . . .. . . 109<br />A visit to the Leper Settlement, Molokai, Hawaii, J. D. Gatewood .... ... . 109<br />Report on the meeting of the American Public Health Association, 1910,<br />C. N. Fiske. . ... ......... .. .. . .. . . . ... . . . ...... . . . .... .. . . ..... ... . . . 114<br />Report on the meeting of the American Hospital Association, 1910, A. W.<br />Dunbar.. . .. .. .... . ... . ... .. . .. .. .. . . . .... ... ... ... .. .. .. ... . ....... 117<br />The latest word from Ehrlich........ . .............................. . .. 122<br /><br />Vol. 5, No. 2<br /><br />Preface... ... .. ... .. ........ ... .................. .... ..... .............. vii<br />Special articles.....................125<br />The intravenous administration of "606" in 56 case, by G. B. Trible and<br />H. A. Garrison ...................... 125<br />Ehrlich discusses "606," translation, by Dr. J.C. Bierwirth. . ...... . . . ... 134<br />Satisfactory results with a simplified Wassermann technique (Emery), by<br />E. R. Stitt. ..................... 142<br />Further notes on the preparation of a culture medium from dried blood<br />serum, by E. W. Brown... . . .. .... . . .. . .. .... . . ... ........ .. .. . .... 144<br />Note on the existence of Agchylostoma duodenale in Guam, by W. M. Kerr. .....................145<br />Intestinal parasites found among the crew of the U.S.S. South Dakota, by<br />E.G. Parker. .... . ..... .. . ..... .. . ..... ...... . .... ... . . ... .. ...... . 145<br />Results of an examination of Filipino mess attendants for intestinal parasites,<br />by W. A. Angwin and C. E. Camerer ..................... 147<br />The practical use of carbon dioxide snow as seen at the West London Hospital, by G. D. Hale. .. .... . .. . . . .. ... . . . .......... . .......... . ..... . 148<br />Nomenclature for causes of physical disability in the Navy, by 0. N.<br />Fiske.. . .. . .......................... . .. .. . .... .. . . .. ...... .. .. .. . 149<br /><br />United States Naval Medical School laboratories . . . . . . ..................... 159<br />An atypical typhoid bacillus, by O. J. Mink.. .. . .. ........ .. ........... 159<br />Notes on parasites found at animal autopsies in the Naval Medical School<br />laboratories during 1910, by C. S. Butler and P. E. Garrison.. . .. . ...... 159<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, December, 1910-February, 1911 . .. ... . .  161<br />Additions to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical<br />School, December, 1910-February, 1911 . .... .162<br /><br />Suggested devices ...... . . . ... ... .. . . . . . . 163<br />An intestine tray for autopsies, by P. E. Garrison. . . .... .... .. .. .. .. .. ... 163<br />A suggested improvement in the method of taking finger prints, by F. H.<br />Brooks . .... .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. ... . .... .. .. .. .. . . .. .... . . .. .. . ..... . .. 164<br /><br />Clinical notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167<br />A case of cholecystectomy, by R. Spear. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 167<br />A case of fracture of the skull, by W. M. Garton. . . ... ... . ... . ........ . .. 168<br />Hypernephroma of right kidney, nephrectomy with recovery, by A. M.<br />Fauntleroy... ... .. ... .. ..... .... . .. . . ..... ..... . .... . ............. . 169<br />A case of general chronic perihepatitis, by E. R. Stitt .. . . . . . .. ...... . ... 171<br />Bacillary dysentery showing extreme toxaemia, by E. R. Stitt........ .. .. 173<br />Report on 10 cases of syphilis treated with "606," by U. R. Webb....... 173<br />A suspected case of gangosa, by O. J. Mink.. . . .. . ...... . .... .. . . . .... .... 178<br />Lamblia intestinalis and ascaris lumbricoides associated with amoebic dysentery by G. B. Trible . . . . . ... ....... . . . . .. . .. .. ... . .... . ........ . . . . . . 178<br />A case of pernicious anemia showing points of resemblance to kala azar,<br />by E. R. Stitt . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180<br />A case of amoebic dysentery with liver abscess by E. R. Stitt. . .. .. ... ... 180<br />A case of intussusception, by E. R. Stitt..... . . .. . . . . . .. ......... .. . .. . . . 181<br />Report of two unusual fracture cases, by J. B. Dennis and A. C. Stanley... 181<br />Associated tuberculosis and syphilis, by O. J. Mink and E. H. H. Old...... 182<br />An undesirable recruit, by Heber Butts............................ . . . . . 183<br />Report of six cases of appendicitis aboard the U.S. S. Tennessee, by M. K.<br />Johnson and W. L. Mann...... ... .......................... .. ........ 190<br /><br />Current comment... .. .................................................... 193<br />Notification of venereal diseases.............. . .......................... 193<br />The use of salvarsan in filarial disease.. ...................... . .......... 194<br />Howard Taylor Ricketts...................................... . ........ 195<br />Typhoid vaccination. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195<br />Further notes on the new blank forms..................................... 196<br />The bacteriology of acute poliomyelitis............. . .... .. .. ...... ..... 197<br />Hospital facilities at Montevideo.... .... . .............................. 197<br />A correction. . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197<br />A course of instructive lectures . ......................................... 197<br />Physical culture......... ... . . ........... .. .......................... . . 198<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences...... . ................. . ..... . ............. . .. 199<br />General medicine - Haemoglobinuric fever on the Canal Zone; malingering; on the presence of a venous hum in the epigastrium in cirrhosis of the liver; the use of the X-ray in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis; mercury succinimid in the treatment of tuberculosis; high blood pressure in arteriosclerosis; the treatment and prognosis of exophthalmic goitre; some clinical methods of diagnosis of the functional activity of the heart; further notes on the treatment of paralysis agitans with parathyroid gland; on fever caused by the bite of the sand fly (Phlebotomus papatasii); Myzomyia roasii as a malaria carrier; a modified Caldwell kitchen incinerator for field use, by A. W. Dunbar and J. L. Xeilson....... 199<br />Surgery - The cause of death from shock by commercial electric currents<br />and the treatment of same; the best method of exposing the interior of the bladder in suprapubic operations; "606 "; a consideration of surgical methods of treating hyperthyroidism; genito-urinary diseases; radium therapy; the intravenous use of cocaine, report of a case; diseases of the stomach and duodenum from a surgical standpoint; dry iodine catgut; disinfection of the skin by tincture of iodine; the Roentgen-ray examination of the esophagus; solitary perforation of the ileum associated with strangulated and obstructed hernia; the time and method for prostatectomy; a practical mechanical method of end-to-end anastomosis of blood vessels; by R. Spear and E. \V . Thompson................... 213<br />Hygiene and sanitation - Sterilization of water on a large scale by means<br />of ultra-violet rays; nota sulla carne refrigerata e sui refrigeranti dei piroscafi; the American game of football, is it a factor for good or for evil? the hygiene of the simming pool ; "cordite eating"; the process of disinfection by chemical agencies and hot water; eggs, a study of eggs offered for sale as pure food; by H. G. Beyer and C. N. Fiske. ..... .. 226<br />Tropical medicine - Upon a new pathognomonic sign of malaria; a simple<br />method for the treatment of cholera; traitement de la trypanosomiase<br />humaine, by C. S. Butler. . .... .. ....... ... .. ...... . . . . ..... .. . ....... 237<br />Pathology and bacteriology -  A method for the bacteriological standardization of disinfectants; microorganism found in the blood of acute cases of poliomyelitis; experimental rssearches upon typhus exanthematicus<br />done at the Pasteur Institute of Tunis during the year l910; bacteriology of human bile with especial reference to the typhoid carrier problem; the control of typhoid in the army by vaccination; experiments on transmission of bacteria by flies with special relation to an epidemic of bacillary dysentery at the Worcester State Hospital, Massachusetts, 1910; experiences in the use of vaccines in chronic suppuration of the nasal access0ry sinuses; histological study of skin lesions of pellagra; a resume of the evidence concerning the diagnostic and clinical value of the Wassermann reaction; experimentelle Beitrage zum Studium des Mechanismus der Immunkorper und Komplementwirkung; by O. J . Mink.............. 240<br />Chemistry and pharmacy.-The preparation of thyroid extract for therapeutic<br />purposes; the action of urinary antiseptics; wird eingenommenes<br />Chinin mit der Muttermilch ausgeschieden? Uebergang von Arzenmitteln<br />in die Milch; the quantitative estimation of albumin in the urine, by Tsuchiya's procss; the quantitative determination of albumin according to Tsuchiya; on the stability of the solutions prepared for Bang's method of estimating sugar in the urine, by E. M. Brown and O. G. Ruge.. . .......... 251<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Tests for color-vision ; a note on the use of scarlet red in corneal diseases; report on progress in otology; ear disease and its prevention; the prevalence of middle ear disease in the [British] army, with a suggestion for a remedy; peritonsillar abscess; by E. M. Shipp. . ........ . . 266<br /><br />Reports and letters ............ 267<br />The surgical aspect of the engagement of La Ceiba, Honduras, by L. W.<br />Bishop and W. L. Irvine.......... . ......... . .. . ... . ....... . . . ...... 267<br />Extract from sanitary report of U.S.S. New Orleans, for the year 1901, by<br />W. F. Arnold... .. .. .. ....... ... . . . ... . . ... ..... . . ... . . . .. .. . . ....... 269<br /><br />Vol. 5, No. 3<br /><br />Preface...... ........... ................... .... ...... .... .. .... ...... .. ... v<br />Special articles: ·<br />Tropical diseases in their relation to the eye, by E. M. Shipp.... .... . . . . 271<br />Intravenous administration of salvarsan, by G. B. Trible and H. A.<br />Garrison. ... . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285<br />The mental examination of 50 recruits who became insane soon after enlistment, by Heber Butts........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295<br />Diagnosis and treatment of hernia in the Navy, by B. F. Jenness.... .. ... 313<br /><br />United States Medical School laboratories:<br />Davainea madagascariensis in the Philippine Islands, by P. E. Garrison. . 321<br />The interpretation of negative and weakly positive reactions in Noguchi's<br />complement fixation test, by M. E. Higgins... . .. . . . ....... . ......... 327<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, March-May, 1911........ . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 328<br />Specimens added to the pathological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, March-May, 1911. . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328<br /><br />Suggested devices:<br />An improvised X-ray apparatus, by H. A. Harris. . . . ..... . .. .. . .. . . . . . . 331<br />Fracture of mandible with improved method of adjustment, by W. A.<br />Angwin .. . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332<br /><br />Clinical notes:<br />Gunshot wound of elbow, by Raymond Spear..... .. .. . .... . . . ... . . . ... . 335<br />Clinical symptoms appearing immediately after antityphoid inoculation,<br />by J. R. Phelps and G. F. Clark. . .. .... . .. ..... . . ... . . ... .. . .. . . . . . .. 336<br />Posterior gastro-enteroetomy three years after anterior gastro-enteroetomy,<br />by A. M. Fauntleroy... . .. ... .. ... . . ... . .. . . .. ... ... ... .. ..... . .. . . . 338<br />Pontine hemorrhage resulting from a blow in boxing, by H. C. Curl.. . . . . 340<br />Fracture of the zygoma, by R. B. Williams... ... .. . . ............ ....... 341<br />Death from unruptured thoracic aneurism, by E. P. Huff... . . .... . .. ... 342<br />A plastic pernicious anemia associated with agchyloetomiaeis, by E. R. Stitt. 345<br />Balantidium coli infection associated with amoebic dysentery, by G. B.<br />Trible..... . ..... ... . ... . . . ... . . . ....... . ........ . ..... .. . 346<br />Return of syphilitic symptoms after administration of salvarsan, by C. F.<br />Sterne. . ....... . .. . . . . .. . . ... . ..... . .... . ........ . .... . . . . .... . ... . . . 348<br />A case of syphilis which poeeibly demonstrates the efficacy of prophylaxis<br />against venereal diseases, by E. H. H. Old ... . . . . .. ..... 349<br />Cerebral syphilis in a native of Guam, by W. M. Kerr.. ... . . ... ... ..... 350<br />A case of autoserotherapy, by E. O. J. Eytinge and L. W. McGuire. ...... 351<br />Haemoglobinuric fever, by D. G. Sutton. . . . ...... . .. . .. .. . .... .. . .... .. 352<br />Shock caused by lightning stroke, by W. S. Hoen .... . .. . . ............ . . 353<br />An unusual cause of burn, by F. M. Munson.......... .. . . .. . ..... . .. .. 354<br />Traumatic extrusion of testicle, by J . A. B. Sinclair. . . .. . . . . ....... . ... 355<br /><br />Current comment: <br />Criticisms and suggestions relative to the health records . .. .. . . . · 357<br />Distinguished honors conferred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358<br />The closing exercises of the Naval Medical School... . ...... . .... . ... . . . 358<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences:<br />General medicine - Plague in Manchuria and its lessons; the treatment of<br />arthritis deformans; hereditary haemophilia, deficiency in the coagulability<br />of the blood the only immediate cause of the condition; discussion of acidosis, by A. W. Dunbar and J . L. Neilson .. ........ .. ... .. . . .... 361<br />Surgery - Laceration of the axillary portion of the shoulder joint as a factor in the etiology of traumatic combined paralysis of the upper extremity; tuberculosis of the kidney and ureter; injuries to the kidneys with end results; fracture of the patella; acute emergencies of abdominal disease; intestinal obstruction due to kinks and adhesions of the terminal ileum; the functions of the great omentum; treatment of peritonitis consecutive to appendicitis; treatment of ascites by drainage into the subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen; special dangers associated with operations on the biliary passages and their avoidance; a simple method for the relief of certain forms of odynphagia; by Raymond Spear and Edgar Thompson....... ...... . . ... . ... ... ... .. 365<br />Hygiene and sanitation - Food requirements for sustenance and work; carbo-gasoline method for the disinfection of books; typhoid fever and mussel pollution; the duty of the community toward ita consumptives; some aspects of tropical sanitation; table jellies; the significance of the bacillus carrier in the spread of Asiatic cholera; the value of vaccination and revaccination; prophylaxie de la syphilis; the value of terminal disinfection; a method for determining the germicidal value and penetrating power of liquid disinfectants; by H. G. Beyer and C. N. Fiske........... 377<br />Tropical medicine - Further researches on the hyphomycetes of tinea imbricata; the action of'' 606" in sleeping sickness; the action of salvarsan in malaria; the application of "606" to the treatment of kala-azar; the specific treatment of leprosy; the role of the infective granule in certain protozoa! infections as illustrated by the spirochaetosis of Sudanese fowls, preliminary note; by C. S. Butler. . .... . . . ..... . .. .. .. . . . . ... . ... .... 389<br />Pathology and bacteriology - Ehrlich's biochemical theory and its conception<br />and application; researches on experimental typhoid fever; a record of 90 diphtheria carriers; the serum diagnosis of syphilis; by M. E. Higgins. . . . 392<br />Medical zoology - Note on the presence of a lateral spine in the eggs of<br />Schistosoma japonicum; onchocerciasis in cattle with special reference<br />to the structure and bionomic characters of the parasite; by P. E.<br />Garrison .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397<br />Chemistry and pharmacy - The preparation of a convenient and stable litmus solution; a method to demonstrate and estimate the digestive fermenta in the feces; a simple method for the estimation of ammonia in the urine of diabetics for the recognition of acidosis; new process for sterilizing water by potassium permanganate; the colorimetric estimation of dextrose in urine; a new method for the estimation of sugar in the urine; by E.W. Brown and O. G. Ruge . .. . .. ... . . . ..... ... . . 398<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Examination of the nose and throat in relation<br />to general diagnosis, results in asthma; the nonsurgical treatment of<br />cataract; by E. M. Shipp..... . . . .. . .. .. .. . .... .. ... . 400<br /><br />Reports and letters:<br />Plague conditions in North China, by W. D. Owens.......... .. .. ... ... 405<br /><br />Vol. 5, No. 4<br /><br />Preface ... .. . . . ............... . ...... ... ........................ .. ........ v<br /><br />Special articles:<br />The tenth convention of the second Hague conference of 1907, and its <br />relation to the evacuation of the wounded in naval warfare, by F. L.<br />Pleadwell (first paper) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  409<br />Is gangoea a form of syphilis? by H. E. Odell....... .. ... . ............. 430<br />Salvarsan as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent in syphilis, by C. M.<br />George.... .. ............ ...... . . .. .... . . . .... . .. . 485<br />Flat foot and its relation to the Navy, by R. G. Heiner.. . ............... 451<br />Notes on submarine cruising, by I. F. Cohn............................ 455<br />Important features in the technique of carbon dioxide estimations in air,<br />by E. W. Brown... . ................. . .. . . . ... . ...... . ...... . ..... . . 457<br />The use of salvarsan on board the U.S.S. Michigan, by J . J. Snyder and<br />A. L. Clifton............. . . .. . . .............. . .................... . .. 459<br />Notes on vaccination, by A. B. Clifford... .. ........................... 461<br />The preparation of patient.e for operation at the United States Naval Hospital,<br />Norfolk, Va., by W. M. Garton.. . ..... .... .. .. ... . . . ...... ..... 462<br /><br />United States Naval Medical School laboratories:<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, June-Aug., 1911 ........ . ... .......... . .. . .. 465<br />Specimens added to the pathological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, June-Aug., 1911.................... . .... . .. .. . ... . .. 465<br /><br />Suggested devices:<br />An apparatus for hoisting patients aboard the hospital ship Solace, by<br />E. M. Blackwell... . ............ . . . ................................ . . 467<br />An inexpensive and satisfactory ethyl chloride inhaler for general<br />anaesthesia, by J. H. Barton .. . . ... .. .. .. . . .. .. . .. .... ...... 469<br /><br />Clinical notes:<br />Old "irreducible" dislocation of head of humerus, by H. C. Curl. . . . ... . 471<br />A case of brain tumor, by R. E. Hoyt.. .. .... .... . ...... . . .... . .. ........ 472<br />A case of brain abscess, by J. R. Phelps and G. F. Clark.. .. . .. . . . . . . .. . . 474<br />Report of two cases of cerebrospinal fever, by R. A. Bachmann.. . . . .... 477<br />A case of leprosy on board the U.S.S. Villalobos, by D. H. Noble....... 479<br />A case resembling gangosa, in which a treponema was found, by P. S.<br />Rossiter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481<br />A case extensively burned, by N. T. McLean.. ... .... .. . . .. . .. ... ... . . . 481<br />Acute pemphigus following vaccination, by R. Hayden.... ... . .... ..... . . 482<br />Two interesting cases on the U.S.S. Prairie, by C. C. Grieve . .. . . . .... . . 486<br />An atypical case of typhoid fever, by L. W. Johnson... . ... . .. . .... . .. . .. 488<br />Tolerance of the peritoneum rarely seen, by P. R. Stalnaker and G. W.<br />Shepard. . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489<br />Note on tincture of iodine, by R. Spear...... . . . . . ... . ... .... . .. . .. ..... 490<br />Notes on salvarsan, by R. Spear..... . ...... . .............. . ..... . . ..... 491<br /><br /><br />Current comment :<br />Instructions relative to medical returns ... ....... . ..... . ............... .493<br />Clinical cards .. ........... ... . . .. .. ... . .... . . . . . .. . ... . .. . ......... . . .494<br />Measles in Samoa . ................ .. . ... . . . . ... . ....................... .495<br />The conservation of the public health ........ . .................... .496<br />Closure of the naval stations at San Juan and Culebra ....... .. .. . . . ..... 498<br />New pavilion for the practice of thoracic surgery ........ . ..... ...... 498<br />The Bellevue Hospital nomenclature of diseases and conditions, 1911 .... .498<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences:<br />General medicine - Pathological and experimental data derived from a<br />further study of an acute infectious disease of unknown origin; the mode<br />of transmission of leprosy; genesis of incipient tuberculisus; a method<br />for determining the absolute pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid; the after<br />history of cases of albuminuria occurring in adolescence; the stereoscopic<br />X-ray examination of the chest with special reference to the diagnosis of<br />pulmonary tuberculosis; the use of antiformin in the examination for the<br />tubercle bacillus; by A. W. Dunbar and J. L. Neilson ............. . . . 501<br />Surgery - The control of bleeding in operations for brain tumors; intravenous<br />anesthesia from hedonal; the difficulties and limitations of diagnosis in advanced cases of renal tuberculosis; the treatment of X-ray ulcer; nephroureterectomy; by Raymond Spear and Edgar Thompson .. 511<br />Hygiene and Sanitation - A simple method of purifying almost any infected<br />water for drinking purposes; the physiology of the march; wall paper and illumination; vaccination et serotherapie anticholeriques; upon the<br />inoculation of materia morbi through the human skin by fleabites; garbage receptacles; the relative influence of the heat and chemical impurity of close air; method for measuring the degree of vitiation of the air of inclosed spaces; by H. G. Beyer and  C.N. Fiske . .. . .. ..... . 518<br />Tropical medicine - The diagnosis of pellagra; researches upon acarids <br />among lepers; action of "606" upon malaria; by C. S. Butler ......... . 523<br />Pathology and bacteriology - An outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by<br />B. paratyphosus; infection of rabbits with the virus of poliomyelitis; the<br />mechanism of the formation of metastases in malignant tumors; a method<br />for the pure cultivation of pathogenic treponema pallidum; by Y. E .<br />Higgins .. .... .. .. . ..................... .. ..... . ............. . ...... . 528<br />Medical zoology - On Kwan's fluke and the presence of spines in<br />fasciolopsis; endemic Mediterranean fever (Malta fever) in southwest<br />Tcxas; by P. E. Garrison . ..... . .......... .. . . .... . .... . ........... . . . 532<br />Chemistry and pharmacy - Detection of blood by means of leuco-malachitegreen; an improved form of Heller's ring test for detection of albumin in the urine; an important reagent for Fehling's method for sugar estimation; method for the estimation of urotropin in the urine; detection of amylolytic ferments in the feces; new technique for the estimation of total nitrogen, ammonia, and urea in the urine; chemotherapy and "606" by E. W. Brown and O. G. Ruge ............... 533<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat  - Defective vision and its bearing on the question<br />of fitness for service; "606 ' ' and eye diseases; by E. M. Shipp ... .. .. .538<br /><br />Reports and letters:<br />American Medical Association meeting, by C. P. Bfagg .. .. .... . .....550<br />Sanitary report on Kiukiang, Kiangse Province, China, by D. H. Noble ...550<br />Index to volume V ...............559<br />Subject index .......... . ........ . ....................... 559<br />Author's index . . . ........ . ..... . ......... . ......... .  570<br /><br /><br />

 

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Title: United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 5 Nos. 1-4, 1911

Creator: U.S. Navy. Bureau of Medicine and Surgery

Publisher:

Sponsor:

Contributor:

Date: 1911

Language: eng

Vol. 5, No. 1<br /><br />Preface... ... . ..... . . .. ......... .. ... .... . ... . .. . .... .. . . ..... . .. . . . ..... . v<br />Special articles ............. . ....... . . . .. . ............... . ............1<br />Diphtheria prophylaxis in the Navy. by C. S. Butler. .... . .. .. . ...1<br />Notes on "606," by Raymond Spear.. . .... .. . ... .. .. . ... ..... . ........ . . 4<br />Recent diagnostic methods in otology applicable to the naval service, by<br />G. B. Trible.... . . .. .... ...... . . .......... .. .. . .. 6<br />Bier's method of treatment in acute gonorrheal arthritis, by H.F. Strine. 12<br />Problems of sanitation in landing and expeditionary service in tropical and<br />subtropical regions, translation by P. J. Waldner.. .. . . .. . . . . . . . .. . .. .. 13<br />The mental examination of candidates for enlistment in the Navy and<br />Marine Corps, by Heber Butts.. . ......... . . . .............. . .... . . . .... 29<br />The recent outbreak of cholera in Italy, by C. J. Holeman.. ..... .. . .. . . . 38<br /><br />United States Naval Medical School Laboratories... ... ... .. ... .. .......... . . 41<br />The United States National Museum in its relation to other Government<br />scientific collections, by P. E . Garrison .... . . . .. . .. . ..... . ..... .,..... 41<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, June-August, 1910....... . ... . .... ... . . ........ . .... . 43<br />Recent additions to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical School. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 43<br /><br />Suggested devices............ . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . ..... . . . .. . ... . . . ..... . . . .. . 46<br />A sanitary garbage-can holder, by H. C. Kellers. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 46<br />The blanket splint, by F. X. Koltes..... ..... ... . . .. . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45<br /><br />Clinical notes.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47<br />Reports of four transfusions by the vein-to-vein method with curved glass<br />tubes, by A. M. Fauntleroy.. . . . . . . . .. . ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47<br />Bilateral inguino-superficial hernia with bilateral undescended testicle,<br />by H. C. Curl...... . ..... . .. . ... . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51<br />Larvae in the deep urethra and bladder, by H. F. Strine..... ... .. . . .. ... 51<br />An extensive razor wound of throat, by W. G. Farwell. ...... . ....... ..... 62<br />Report of two cases of heat cramps on U. S. S. Charleston, by H. A. May... 53<br />Fatigue and exhaustion in the fireroom, by F. G. Abeken .... ... . ... .. . . 67<br />A case of diabetes mellitus, by J.B. Dennis and A. C. Stanley . ........... 58<br />Sciatica incident to physical test (50-mile walk), by J. A. B. Sinclair..... 58<br />Poisoning resulting from the injection of bismuth paste, by C. B. Camerer... 59<br /><br />Current comment. . . . . . . . . . .  . . . 61<br />The medical library on the U. S. S. Solace... . ..... .. ......... .... . ... .. 61<br />Dioxydiamidoarsenobenzol in the treatment of syphilis. .. . .. . .. . . . . . . ... 61<br />New blank forms and instructions pertaining thereto.. . .. .... . ... . . ..... 63<br />A case of yellow fever reaches Honolulu . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . 65<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences. . ....... ... . .. . . . .. . . . ... . . .. . .... . ... .. ... . .. 67<br />General medicine. . .. .. ... . . .. . .... .. ... .. . .. . . .. . .. ..... .. . .. ........ 67<br />A modern conception of the psychoneuroses; status thymolymphaticus and its relation to sudden death; the Cammidge test in experimental pancreatitis and other conditions; hiccough in course of diaphragmatic pleurisy treated by Laborde's method ; fatigue the cause of enuresis; pellagra, some clinical and other features of the disease; is mercury a specific in pulmonary tuberculosis; a case of an acute febrile and probably infectious disease of unknown origin; further remarks on duodenal alimentation ; pemphigoid eruptions in typhoid<br />fever, A. W. Dunbar and J . L. Neilson . .. . .... . ... . . . .. . ... . . . .. 67<br />Surgery - The special field of neurological surgery, five years later; hypodermic injections in action, suggestions for simplifying their administration; the result of 168 operations for hernia; modern treatment of<br />fractures; report of two cases of revolver shot wound of the brain; haemophilia; the exclusion of the skin in surgery; removal of foreign bodies<br />from the bronchi; some notes on the use of nitrous oxid and oxygen for<br />prolonged anesthesia; the end results of prostatectomy, R. Spear and<br />E. Thompson ... . . . .. .. . .. . .... . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76<br />Hygiene and sanitation - Ventilation of ships, particularly merchant ships;<br />oral prophylaxis; recruiting in the German army; concerning the sources<br />of infection in cases of venereal diseases in the city of New York; the<br />effect of a mosquito net on the air within it, H. G. Beyer and C. N.<br />Fiske. .. . . .. ... . .. . .. . . .. . ... . . . . . .. . .. . . . ... . .... .. ... .... .. .. ..... 87<br />Tropical medicine - The rationale of quinine prophylaxis; a case of sleeping<br />sickness studied by precise enumerative methods; statistical study of<br />uncinariasis among white men in the Philippines, C. S. Butler.. . .. .. . .. 95<br />Pathology and bacteriology - A case of typhoid meningitis; complement fixation in thrombo-angiitie obliterans; personal observations on the Ehrlich-Hata "606;" certain aspects of the bacteriology of bacillary dysentery; a rapid presumptive test for diarrhea caused by the gas bacillus; investigation into the acid-fast bacteria found in the faeces with special reference to their presence in cases of tuberculosis; on the nature of the cellular elements presence in  milk; infection of a still-born infant by an amoebiform protozoan (entamooba mortinatalium), O. J . Mink.. . . ..... . 99<br />Medical zoology  - Ulcerating granuloma of the pudenda a protozoal disease<br />(preliminary communication); report of 15 cases of hymenolepis nana,<br />P. E. Garrison ... .... ... . ... ... .... .. ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. 102<br />Chemistry and pharmacy - Studies in OEdema. VI. The influence of adrenaline on absorption from the peritoneal cavity, with some remarks<br />on the influence of calcium chloride on absorption ; the action of mercury<br />and iodine in experimental syphilis; a protein reaction in the blood of the insane; chemistry of the antigen used in the Wassermann reaction; a lack of oxygen not a cause of death in cases of diminished air pressure; influence of mercury on the results of the serum reaction in antisyphilitic treatment; quantitative determination of albumin in the urine;<br />E.W. Brown and O. G. Ruge ............. . ............ ... ..... 104<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat - The use of carbon dioxide snow in eye work;<br />preliminary communication of a new method for the prevention and treatment<br />of sympathetic ophthalmitis, E. M. Shipp......... .. . .. ... ... .. . 106 <br />Reports and letters .. . . . ...... . .... . .... . ... . . ... . ... .  .. . . . .. . . 109<br />A visit to the Leper Settlement, Molokai, Hawaii, J. D. Gatewood .... ... . 109<br />Report on the meeting of the American Public Health Association, 1910,<br />C. N. Fiske. . ... ......... .. .. . .. . . . ... . . . ...... . . . .... .. . . ..... ... . . . 114<br />Report on the meeting of the American Hospital Association, 1910, A. W.<br />Dunbar.. . .. .. .... . ... . ... .. . .. .. .. . . . .... ... ... ... .. .. .. ... . ....... 117<br />The latest word from Ehrlich........ . .............................. . .. 122<br /><br />Vol. 5, No. 2<br /><br />Preface... ... .. ... .. ........ ... .................. .... ..... .............. vii<br />Special articles.....................125<br />The intravenous administration of "606" in 56 case, by G. B. Trible and<br />H. A. Garrison ...................... 125<br />Ehrlich discusses "606," translation, by Dr. J.C. Bierwirth. . ...... . . . ... 134<br />Satisfactory results with a simplified Wassermann technique (Emery), by<br />E. R. Stitt. ..................... 142<br />Further notes on the preparation of a culture medium from dried blood<br />serum, by E. W. Brown... . . .. .... . . .. . .. .... . . ... ........ .. .. . .... 144<br />Note on the existence of Agchylostoma duodenale in Guam, by W. M. Kerr. .....................145<br />Intestinal parasites found among the crew of the U.S.S. South Dakota, by<br />E.G. Parker. .... . ..... .. . ..... .. . ..... ...... . .... ... . . ... .. ...... . 145<br />Results of an examination of Filipino mess attendants for intestinal parasites,<br />by W. A. Angwin and C. E. Camerer ..................... 147<br />The practical use of carbon dioxide snow as seen at the West London Hospital, by G. D. Hale. .. .... . .. . . . .. ... . . . .......... . .......... . ..... . 148<br />Nomenclature for causes of physical disability in the Navy, by 0. N.<br />Fiske.. . .. . .......................... . .. .. . .... .. . . .. ...... .. .. .. . 149<br /><br />United States Naval Medical School laboratories . . . . . . ..................... 159<br />An atypical typhoid bacillus, by O. J. Mink.. .. . .. ........ .. ........... 159<br />Notes on parasites found at animal autopsies in the Naval Medical School<br />laboratories during 1910, by C. S. Butler and P. E. Garrison.. . .. . ...... 159<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, December, 1910-February, 1911 . .. ... . .  161<br />Additions to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical<br />School, December, 1910-February, 1911 . .... .162<br /><br />Suggested devices ...... . . . ... ... .. . . . . . . 163<br />An intestine tray for autopsies, by P. E. Garrison. . . .... .... .. .. .. .. .. ... 163<br />A suggested improvement in the method of taking finger prints, by F. H.<br />Brooks . .... .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. ... . .... .. .. .. .. . . .. .... . . .. .. . ..... . .. 164<br /><br />Clinical notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167<br />A case of cholecystectomy, by R. Spear. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 167<br />A case of fracture of the skull, by W. M. Garton. . . ... ... . ... . ........ . .. 168<br />Hypernephroma of right kidney, nephrectomy with recovery, by A. M.<br />Fauntleroy... ... .. ... .. ..... .... . .. . . ..... ..... . .... . ............. . 169<br />A case of general chronic perihepatitis, by E. R. Stitt .. . . . . . .. ...... . ... 171<br />Bacillary dysentery showing extreme toxaemia, by E. R. Stitt........ .. .. 173<br />Report on 10 cases of syphilis treated with "606," by U. R. Webb....... 173<br />A suspected case of gangosa, by O. J. Mink.. . . .. . ...... . .... .. . . . .... .... 178<br />Lamblia intestinalis and ascaris lumbricoides associated with amoebic dysentery by G. B. Trible . . . . . ... ....... . . . . .. . .. .. ... . .... . ........ . . . . . . 178<br />A case of pernicious anemia showing points of resemblance to kala azar,<br />by E. R. Stitt . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180<br />A case of amoebic dysentery with liver abscess by E. R. Stitt. . .. .. ... ... 180<br />A case of intussusception, by E. R. Stitt..... . . .. . . . . . .. ......... .. . .. . . . 181<br />Report of two unusual fracture cases, by J. B. Dennis and A. C. Stanley... 181<br />Associated tuberculosis and syphilis, by O. J. Mink and E. H. H. Old...... 182<br />An undesirable recruit, by Heber Butts............................ . . . . . 183<br />Report of six cases of appendicitis aboard the U.S. S. Tennessee, by M. K.<br />Johnson and W. L. Mann...... ... .......................... .. ........ 190<br /><br />Current comment... .. .................................................... 193<br />Notification of venereal diseases.............. . .......................... 193<br />The use of salvarsan in filarial disease.. ...................... . .......... 194<br />Howard Taylor Ricketts...................................... . ........ 195<br />Typhoid vaccination. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195<br />Further notes on the new blank forms..................................... 196<br />The bacteriology of acute poliomyelitis............. . .... .. .. ...... ..... 197<br />Hospital facilities at Montevideo.... .... . .............................. 197<br />A correction. . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197<br />A course of instructive lectures . ......................................... 197<br />Physical culture......... ... . . ........... .. .......................... . . 198<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences...... . ................. . ..... . ............. . .. 199<br />General medicine - Haemoglobinuric fever on the Canal Zone; malingering; on the presence of a venous hum in the epigastrium in cirrhosis of the liver; the use of the X-ray in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis; mercury succinimid in the treatment of tuberculosis; high blood pressure in arteriosclerosis; the treatment and prognosis of exophthalmic goitre; some clinical methods of diagnosis of the functional activity of the heart; further notes on the treatment of paralysis agitans with parathyroid gland; on fever caused by the bite of the sand fly (Phlebotomus papatasii); Myzomyia roasii as a malaria carrier; a modified Caldwell kitchen incinerator for field use, by A. W. Dunbar and J. L. Xeilson....... 199<br />Surgery - The cause of death from shock by commercial electric currents<br />and the treatment of same; the best method of exposing the interior of the bladder in suprapubic operations; "606 "; a consideration of surgical methods of treating hyperthyroidism; genito-urinary diseases; radium therapy; the intravenous use of cocaine, report of a case; diseases of the stomach and duodenum from a surgical standpoint; dry iodine catgut; disinfection of the skin by tincture of iodine; the Roentgen-ray examination of the esophagus; solitary perforation of the ileum associated with strangulated and obstructed hernia; the time and method for prostatectomy; a practical mechanical method of end-to-end anastomosis of blood vessels; by R. Spear and E. \V . Thompson................... 213<br />Hygiene and sanitation - Sterilization of water on a large scale by means<br />of ultra-violet rays; nota sulla carne refrigerata e sui refrigeranti dei piroscafi; the American game of football, is it a factor for good or for evil? the hygiene of the simming pool ; "cordite eating"; the process of disinfection by chemical agencies and hot water; eggs, a study of eggs offered for sale as pure food; by H. G. Beyer and C. N. Fiske. ..... .. 226<br />Tropical medicine - Upon a new pathognomonic sign of malaria; a simple<br />method for the treatment of cholera; traitement de la trypanosomiase<br />humaine, by C. S. Butler. . .... .. ....... ... .. ...... . . . . ..... .. . ....... 237<br />Pathology and bacteriology -  A method for the bacteriological standardization of disinfectants; microorganism found in the blood of acute cases of poliomyelitis; experimental rssearches upon typhus exanthematicus<br />done at the Pasteur Institute of Tunis during the year l910; bacteriology of human bile with especial reference to the typhoid carrier problem; the control of typhoid in the army by vaccination; experiments on transmission of bacteria by flies with special relation to an epidemic of bacillary dysentery at the Worcester State Hospital, Massachusetts, 1910; experiences in the use of vaccines in chronic suppuration of the nasal access0ry sinuses; histological study of skin lesions of pellagra; a resume of the evidence concerning the diagnostic and clinical value of the Wassermann reaction; experimentelle Beitrage zum Studium des Mechanismus der Immunkorper und Komplementwirkung; by O. J . Mink.............. 240<br />Chemistry and pharmacy.-The preparation of thyroid extract for therapeutic<br />purposes; the action of urinary antiseptics; wird eingenommenes<br />Chinin mit der Muttermilch ausgeschieden? Uebergang von Arzenmitteln<br />in die Milch; the quantitative estimation of albumin in the urine, by Tsuchiya's procss; the quantitative determination of albumin according to Tsuchiya; on the stability of the solutions prepared for Bang's method of estimating sugar in the urine, by E. M. Brown and O. G. Ruge.. . .......... 251<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Tests for color-vision ; a note on the use of scarlet red in corneal diseases; report on progress in otology; ear disease and its prevention; the prevalence of middle ear disease in the [British] army, with a suggestion for a remedy; peritonsillar abscess; by E. M. Shipp. . ........ . . 266<br /><br />Reports and letters ............ 267<br />The surgical aspect of the engagement of La Ceiba, Honduras, by L. W.<br />Bishop and W. L. Irvine.......... . ......... . .. . ... . ....... . . . ...... 267<br />Extract from sanitary report of U.S.S. New Orleans, for the year 1901, by<br />W. F. Arnold... .. .. .. ....... ... . . . ... . . ... ..... . . ... . . . .. .. . . ....... 269<br /><br />Vol. 5, No. 3<br /><br />Preface...... ........... ................... .... ...... .... .. .... ...... .. ... v<br />Special articles: ·<br />Tropical diseases in their relation to the eye, by E. M. Shipp.... .... . . . . 271<br />Intravenous administration of salvarsan, by G. B. Trible and H. A.<br />Garrison. ... . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285<br />The mental examination of 50 recruits who became insane soon after enlistment, by Heber Butts........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295<br />Diagnosis and treatment of hernia in the Navy, by B. F. Jenness.... .. ... 313<br /><br />United States Medical School laboratories:<br />Davainea madagascariensis in the Philippine Islands, by P. E. Garrison. . 321<br />The interpretation of negative and weakly positive reactions in Noguchi's<br />complement fixation test, by M. E. Higgins... . .. . . . ....... . ......... 327<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, March-May, 1911........ . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 328<br />Specimens added to the pathological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, March-May, 1911. . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328<br /><br />Suggested devices:<br />An improvised X-ray apparatus, by H. A. Harris. . . . ..... . .. .. . .. . . . . . . 331<br />Fracture of mandible with improved method of adjustment, by W. A.<br />Angwin .. . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332<br /><br />Clinical notes:<br />Gunshot wound of elbow, by Raymond Spear..... .. .. . .... . . . ... . . . ... . 335<br />Clinical symptoms appearing immediately after antityphoid inoculation,<br />by J. R. Phelps and G. F. Clark. . .. .... . .. ..... . . ... . . ... .. . .. . . . . . .. 336<br />Posterior gastro-enteroetomy three years after anterior gastro-enteroetomy,<br />by A. M. Fauntleroy... . .. ... .. ... . . ... . .. . . .. ... ... ... .. ..... . .. . . . 338<br />Pontine hemorrhage resulting from a blow in boxing, by H. C. Curl.. . . . . 340<br />Fracture of the zygoma, by R. B. Williams... ... .. . . ............ ....... 341<br />Death from unruptured thoracic aneurism, by E. P. Huff... . . .... . .. ... 342<br />A plastic pernicious anemia associated with agchyloetomiaeis, by E. R. Stitt. 345<br />Balantidium coli infection associated with amoebic dysentery, by G. B.<br />Trible..... . ..... ... . ... . . . ... . . . ....... . ........ . ..... .. . 346<br />Return of syphilitic symptoms after administration of salvarsan, by C. F.<br />Sterne. . ....... . .. . . . . .. . . ... . ..... . .... . ........ . .... . . . . .... . ... . . . 348<br />A case of syphilis which poeeibly demonstrates the efficacy of prophylaxis<br />against venereal diseases, by E. H. H. Old ... . . . . .. ..... 349<br />Cerebral syphilis in a native of Guam, by W. M. Kerr.. ... . . ... ... ..... 350<br />A case of autoserotherapy, by E. O. J. Eytinge and L. W. McGuire. ...... 351<br />Haemoglobinuric fever, by D. G. Sutton. . . . ...... . .. . .. .. . .... .. . .... .. 352<br />Shock caused by lightning stroke, by W. S. Hoen .... . .. . . ............ . . 353<br />An unusual cause of burn, by F. M. Munson.......... .. . . .. . ..... . .. .. 354<br />Traumatic extrusion of testicle, by J . A. B. Sinclair. . . .. . . . . ....... . ... 355<br /><br />Current comment: <br />Criticisms and suggestions relative to the health records . .. .. . . . · 357<br />Distinguished honors conferred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358<br />The closing exercises of the Naval Medical School... . ...... . .... . ... . . . 358<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences:<br />General medicine - Plague in Manchuria and its lessons; the treatment of<br />arthritis deformans; hereditary haemophilia, deficiency in the coagulability<br />of the blood the only immediate cause of the condition; discussion of acidosis, by A. W. Dunbar and J . L. Neilson .. ........ .. ... .. . . .... 361<br />Surgery - Laceration of the axillary portion of the shoulder joint as a factor in the etiology of traumatic combined paralysis of the upper extremity; tuberculosis of the kidney and ureter; injuries to the kidneys with end results; fracture of the patella; acute emergencies of abdominal disease; intestinal obstruction due to kinks and adhesions of the terminal ileum; the functions of the great omentum; treatment of peritonitis consecutive to appendicitis; treatment of ascites by drainage into the subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen; special dangers associated with operations on the biliary passages and their avoidance; a simple method for the relief of certain forms of odynphagia; by Raymond Spear and Edgar Thompson....... ...... . . ... . ... ... ... .. 365<br />Hygiene and sanitation - Food requirements for sustenance and work; carbo-gasoline method for the disinfection of books; typhoid fever and mussel pollution; the duty of the community toward ita consumptives; some aspects of tropical sanitation; table jellies; the significance of the bacillus carrier in the spread of Asiatic cholera; the value of vaccination and revaccination; prophylaxie de la syphilis; the value of terminal disinfection; a method for determining the germicidal value and penetrating power of liquid disinfectants; by H. G. Beyer and C. N. Fiske........... 377<br />Tropical medicine - Further researches on the hyphomycetes of tinea imbricata; the action of'' 606" in sleeping sickness; the action of salvarsan in malaria; the application of "606" to the treatment of kala-azar; the specific treatment of leprosy; the role of the infective granule in certain protozoa! infections as illustrated by the spirochaetosis of Sudanese fowls, preliminary note; by C. S. Butler. . .... . . . ..... . .. .. .. . . . . ... . ... .... 389<br />Pathology and bacteriology - Ehrlich's biochemical theory and its conception<br />and application; researches on experimental typhoid fever; a record of 90 diphtheria carriers; the serum diagnosis of syphilis; by M. E. Higgins. . . . 392<br />Medical zoology - Note on the presence of a lateral spine in the eggs of<br />Schistosoma japonicum; onchocerciasis in cattle with special reference<br />to the structure and bionomic characters of the parasite; by P. E.<br />Garrison .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397<br />Chemistry and pharmacy - The preparation of a convenient and stable litmus solution; a method to demonstrate and estimate the digestive fermenta in the feces; a simple method for the estimation of ammonia in the urine of diabetics for the recognition of acidosis; new process for sterilizing water by potassium permanganate; the colorimetric estimation of dextrose in urine; a new method for the estimation of sugar in the urine; by E.W. Brown and O. G. Ruge . .. . .. ... . . . ..... ... . . 398<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Examination of the nose and throat in relation<br />to general diagnosis, results in asthma; the nonsurgical treatment of<br />cataract; by E. M. Shipp..... . . . .. . .. .. .. . .... .. ... . 400<br /><br />Reports and letters:<br />Plague conditions in North China, by W. D. Owens.......... .. .. ... ... 405<br /><br />Vol. 5, No. 4<br /><br />Preface ... .. . . . ............... . ...... ... ........................ .. ........ v<br /><br />Special articles:<br />The tenth convention of the second Hague conference of 1907, and its <br />relation to the evacuation of the wounded in naval warfare, by F. L.<br />Pleadwell (first paper) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  409<br />Is gangoea a form of syphilis? by H. E. Odell....... .. ... . ............. 430<br />Salvarsan as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent in syphilis, by C. M.<br />George.... .. ............ ...... . . .. .... . . . .... . .. . 485<br />Flat foot and its relation to the Navy, by R. G. Heiner.. . ............... 451<br />Notes on submarine cruising, by I. F. Cohn............................ 455<br />Important features in the technique of carbon dioxide estimations in air,<br />by E. W. Brown... . ................. . .. . . . ... . ...... . ...... . ..... . . 457<br />The use of salvarsan on board the U.S.S. Michigan, by J . J. Snyder and<br />A. L. Clifton............. . . .. . . .............. . .................... . .. 459<br />Notes on vaccination, by A. B. Clifford... .. ........................... 461<br />The preparation of patient.e for operation at the United States Naval Hospital,<br />Norfolk, Va., by W. M. Garton.. . ..... .... .. .. ... . . . ...... ..... 462<br /><br />United States Naval Medical School laboratories:<br />Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, June-Aug., 1911 ........ . ... .......... . .. . .. 465<br />Specimens added to the pathological collection, United States Naval<br />Medical School, June-Aug., 1911.................... . .... . .. .. . ... . .. 465<br /><br />Suggested devices:<br />An apparatus for hoisting patients aboard the hospital ship Solace, by<br />E. M. Blackwell... . ............ . . . ................................ . . 467<br />An inexpensive and satisfactory ethyl chloride inhaler for general<br />anaesthesia, by J. H. Barton .. . . ... .. .. .. . . .. .. . .. .... ...... 469<br /><br />Clinical notes:<br />Old "irreducible" dislocation of head of humerus, by H. C. Curl. . . . ... . 471<br />A case of brain tumor, by R. E. Hoyt.. .. .... .... . ...... . . .... . .. ........ 472<br />A case of brain abscess, by J. R. Phelps and G. F. Clark.. .. . .. . . . . . . .. . . 474<br />Report of two cases of cerebrospinal fever, by R. A. Bachmann.. . . . .... 477<br />A case of leprosy on board the U.S.S. Villalobos, by D. H. Noble....... 479<br />A case resembling gangosa, in which a treponema was found, by P. S.<br />Rossiter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481<br />A case extensively burned, by N. T. McLean.. ... .... .. . . .. . .. ... ... . . . 481<br />Acute pemphigus following vaccination, by R. Hayden.... ... . .... ..... . . 482<br />Two interesting cases on the U.S.S. Prairie, by C. C. Grieve . .. . . . .... . . 486<br />An atypical case of typhoid fever, by L. W. Johnson... . ... . .. . .... . .. . .. 488<br />Tolerance of the peritoneum rarely seen, by P. R. Stalnaker and G. W.<br />Shepard. . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489<br />Note on tincture of iodine, by R. Spear...... . . . . . ... . ... .... . .. . .. ..... 490<br />Notes on salvarsan, by R. Spear..... . ...... . .............. . ..... . . ..... 491<br /><br /><br />Current comment :<br />Instructions relative to medical returns ... ....... . ..... . ............... .493<br />Clinical cards .. ........... ... . . .. .. ... . .... . . . . . .. . ... . .. . ......... . . .494<br />Measles in Samoa . ................ .. . ... . . . . ... . ....................... .495<br />The conservation of the public health ........ . .................... .496<br />Closure of the naval stations at San Juan and Culebra ....... .. .. . . . ..... 498<br />New pavilion for the practice of thoracic surgery ........ . ..... ...... 498<br />The Bellevue Hospital nomenclature of diseases and conditions, 1911 .... .498<br /><br />Progress in medical sciences:<br />General medicine - Pathological and experimental data derived from a<br />further study of an acute infectious disease of unknown origin; the mode<br />of transmission of leprosy; genesis of incipient tuberculisus; a method<br />for determining the absolute pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid; the after<br />history of cases of albuminuria occurring in adolescence; the stereoscopic<br />X-ray examination of the chest with special reference to the diagnosis of<br />pulmonary tuberculosis; the use of antiformin in the examination for the<br />tubercle bacillus; by A. W. Dunbar and J. L. Neilson ............. . . . 501<br />Surgery - The control of bleeding in operations for brain tumors; intravenous<br />anesthesia from hedonal; the difficulties and limitations of diagnosis in advanced cases of renal tuberculosis; the treatment of X-ray ulcer; nephroureterectomy; by Raymond Spear and Edgar Thompson .. 511<br />Hygiene and Sanitation - A simple method of purifying almost any infected<br />water for drinking purposes; the physiology of the march; wall paper and illumination; vaccination et serotherapie anticholeriques; upon the<br />inoculation of materia morbi through the human skin by fleabites; garbage receptacles; the relative influence of the heat and chemical impurity of close air; method for measuring the degree of vitiation of the air of inclosed spaces; by H. G. Beyer and  C.N. Fiske . .. . .. ..... . 518<br />Tropical medicine - The diagnosis of pellagra; researches upon acarids <br />among lepers; action of "606" upon malaria; by C. S. Butler ......... . 523<br />Pathology and bacteriology - An outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by<br />B. paratyphosus; infection of rabbits with the virus of poliomyelitis; the<br />mechanism of the formation of metastases in malignant tumors; a method<br />for the pure cultivation of pathogenic treponema pallidum; by Y. E .<br />Higgins .. .... .. .. . ..................... .. ..... . ............. . ...... . 528<br />Medical zoology - On Kwan's fluke and the presence of spines in<br />fasciolopsis; endemic Mediterranean fever (Malta fever) in southwest<br />Tcxas; by P. E. Garrison . ..... . .......... .. . . .... . .... . ........... . . . 532<br />Chemistry and pharmacy - Detection of blood by means of leuco-malachitegreen; an improved form of Heller's ring test for detection of albumin in the urine; an important reagent for Fehling's method for sugar estimation; method for the estimation of urotropin in the urine; detection of amylolytic ferments in the feces; new technique for the estimation of total nitrogen, ammonia, and urea in the urine; chemotherapy and "606" by E. W. Brown and O. G. Ruge ............... 533<br />Eye, ear, nose, and throat  - Defective vision and its bearing on the question<br />of fitness for service; "606 ' ' and eye diseases; by E. M. Shipp ... .. .. .538<br /><br />Reports and letters:<br />American Medical Association meeting, by C. P. Bfagg .. .. .... . .....550<br />Sanitary report on Kiukiang, Kiangse Province, China, by D. H. Noble ...550<br />Index to volume V ...............559<br />Subject index .......... . ........ . ....................... 559<br />Author's index . . . ........ . ..... . ......... . ......... .  570<br /><br /><br />

 

If you have questions concerning reproductions, please contact the Contributing Library.

 

Note: The colors, contrast and appearance of these illustrations are unlikely to be true to life. They are derived from scanned images that have been enhanced for machine interpretation and have been altered from their originals.

 

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M.T.C.

MESS HALL

 

Date: 1918

Source Type: Photograph

Publisher, Printer, Photographer: Charles Beam

Postmark: Not Applicable

Collection: Steven R. Shook

Remark: M.T.C. is the acronym for Motor Transport Corps, United States Army, which had a training camp located at Valparaiso University during World War I. The majority of the members of this particular corps were discharged from service by mid-December 1918. The M.T.C. Mess Hall was also known on campus as the East Hall dining room.

 

East Hall was located southeast of the intersection of present day Greenwich Street and Short Street.

 

------

 

The following news item appeared in the February 28, 1918, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:

 

Local, Personal, Social

Valparaiso University is now making preparations for the instruction of from one thousand to two thousand soldiers for the U. S. government in the art of civil engineering. The deal has not yet been completed, but indications are that within a short time a large number of Uncle Sam's boys in the war service will be housed in Valparaiso to learn civil engineering to help them in their work in France. Already plans are being made at the various hall and rooming houses on the hill to take care of this additional lot of men.

 

------

 

The following news item appeared in the June 27, 1918, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:

 

GROUND BROKEN FOR BARRACKS.

Valparaiso Work Believed First U. S. Step to Establish Army Cantonment.

Valparaiso, Ind., June 22. -- Ground was broken today for a modern military barracks to accommodate 1,000 men at Valparaiso University military industrial training school. This is believed to be the first step in the reported government plan to establish a regular army cantonment here to care for 20,000 men.

 

Men employed by the war department have surveyed five available local sites but the extensive university acreage within three blocks of the main college building are considered the most desirable for the purpose and it is probable the cantonment will be established there within a short time.

 

1,500 Now Enrolled.

There are now 1,500 men in the industrial school here and preparations are under way to care for the quotas sent here from each Indiana county July 1, probably 2,000 more.

 

Long hikes on the country roads and instructions in military drills during the day are tempered at night and on Sunday afternoons by concerts by a military band of seventy pieces.

 

Sidney page, formerly assistance coach at Valparaiso University, has been placed at the head of athletics by the government.

 

------

 

The following newspaper item appeared in the August 29, 1918, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:

 

FOUNDATIONS LAID FOR MORE BARRACKS FOR SOLDIERS.

Foundations for two more barracks for the university training detachment are being laid at University park. It is more than probable that others will follow until a large number dot the landscape in that vicinity, presaging the time when a good sized containment will blossom forth to meet the gaze of Valpoites. A large number of motor trucks are one the way here for the training of truck drivers, and many more will follow. The mechanics branch of the service will be eventually developed until it proportions take in every part of the trade. The hills surrounding Valparaiso offer such a splendid opportunity to test the cars and the drivers' ability that government officials have recognized it as a proper place to carry on this kind of training.

 

------

 

The following newspaper item appeared in the November 14, 1918, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:

 

CHESTERTON LOCALS.

Work on the barracks and other buildings at the Valparaiso university training detachment was stopped, temporarily, Tuesday morning by the Foster Lumber Co., until something more definite is received from the war department. All the barracks have been finished except the roof of one. The Y. M. C. A. building, the canteen, and a dance hall have not been finished.

 

------

 

The following newspaper item appeared in the December 5, 1918, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:

 

Local, Personal, Social

Monday morning saw the beginning of the end of Valparaiso Military Training camp. Friday official word came to the commanding officer to begin demobilizing on Dec. 2 and the work is to be wound up by Dec. 12. There is much speculation as to what will be done with the numerous barracks erected east of the university and where the big army trucks will be sent, and what will become of them. The camp has been in existence since early in the summer and was a distributing point for mechanics and truck drivers and many of the drivers in France were located at this camp before going to overseas duty. At first work was taken up in the university building, but it soon became apparent that housing facilities were inadequate and soon barracks buildings commenced going up. Now that the war is over there will be no more use for these buildings and they will undoubtedly soon disappear. By the 12th of this month the last of the soldiers will have gone and Valparaiso will again settle down to its pre-war conditions.

 

Sources:

The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; February 28, 1918; Volume 34, Number 50, Page 5, Column 4. Column titled "Local, Personal, Social."

 

The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; June 27, 1918; Volume 35, Number 15, Page 1, Column 4. Column titled "Ground Broken for Barracks."

 

The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; August 29, 1918; Volume 35, Number 24, Page 5, Column 2. Column titled "Steamer Roosevelt Steams Away."

 

The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; November 14, 1918; Volume 35, Number 35, Page 7, Column 6. Column titled "Chesterton Locals."

 

The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; December 5, 1918; Volume 35, Number 38, Page 6, Column 1. Column titled "Local, Personal, Social."

 

Copyright 2019. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.

CHARACTERS OF THE LA VILLE CLUB.

 

Date: 1898

Source Type: Photograph

Publisher, Printer, Photographer: Headlight Engraving Company

Postmark: Not applicable

Collection: Steven R. Shook

Remark: The description of the LaVille Club below has been taken from the same source as this image.

 

This is a social organization consisting of about thirty members selected from the best people of the city, and has been in existence since Jan. 1, 1897. The first president was Jas. Bartholomew, and it has been a source of considerable pleasure and satisfaction to its members ever since the organization was effected. Their present commodious and tastefully arranged rooms were remodeled for club purposes last August and have been the scene of many enjoyable gatherings. The club gave a minstrel show for the benefit of themselves and their friends January 1 of this year [1898], which was a great success, and our illustration will give an idea of some of the unique costumes as show on that occasion. The rooms now consist of a billiard, smokng [sic], card room, parlor, etc., in addition to a very fine floor for dancing purposes, and the officers, which are elected every three months, consist of the president, vice-president, secretary, treasurer, and a board of managers, consisting of three members. Mr. Woodhull is one of the younger men of this city, and was elected by reason of his popularity, social qualities and executive ability. He is the son of the Hon. A. E. Woodhull, who was recently elected mayor of Valparaiso to succeed Mayor Suman.

 

Source:

Grand Trunk Railway. 1898. Headlight: Sights and Scenes Along the Grand Trunk Railway: Valparaiso, Ind.. Volume 3, Number, 6, Page 17.

 

Copyright 2020. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.

Postal Date: September 18, 1856, Coffee Creek, Indiana [letter dated September 18, 1856]

Scott Catalog Number of Postage Stamp: Not Applicable

Collection: Steven R. Shook

 

SENDER:

George H. Spooner

Coffee Creek, Indiana

 

RECIPIENT:

Mrs. Geo. H. Spooner

Worcester

Mass.

(56 Southbridge St)

 

REMARK: The following is a transcription of a letter written by George Herbert Spooner on September 18, 1856, to his wife Mary M. (Thayer) Spooner in Worcester, Worcester County, Massachusetts, from Coffee Creek, Porter County, Indiana. The envelope in which this letter was contained can be viewed here.

 

Coffee Creek, [Thursday]Sept 18th 1856

 

Darling pet

I send you enclosed another $5.00. I may not be able to send any more for some time. Use as you need it yourself & then I will send some. You can send part of the money to Ben, as much as your judgment dictate, dear one. O Mary my love grows stronger & deepens every day. William is here now. He came last Monday night about midnight & waked us up by calling out Spooner Spooner out of doors for the house was locked up & he could not raise any one. He is very much improved & is staying with a cousin of his out in Ill, & works when he has a mind to & when he has not he lays still & has grown better in health & strength very fast. Saratoga did not help him. I think that he will go back tomorrow. It is noon yet & I have not time to write much for I must be at work but I will write a good long letter next Sunday to make up fast[?]. So dearest one you will excuse me this time wont you & imagine that my lips are pressed to yours in sweetest love & truth. O darling here I pray that we may be united soon for I grow more & more uneasy every day. Dear darling one good by till Sunday when I will set down & have such time with you again.

 

Your ever loving

Geo.

 

I hate to leave off

 

✦ ✦ ✦ ✦ ✦ ✦ ✦ ✦ ✦ ✦ ✦ ✦ ✦ ✦ ✦

 

George Herbert Spooner was born at Petersham, Worcester County, Massachusetts, on January 16, 1833, the son of Stevens Spooner and Mary Angela (Negus) Spooner. He married Mary M. Thayer at Worcester, Worcester County, Massachusetts, on January 16, 1854. Mary was the daughter of Ephraim Thayer and Adah M. (Mathewson) Thayer and was born November 17, 1836, at Hartford County, Connecticut. Prior to 1860 George and Mary had moved to Clifton, Iroquois County, Illinois.

 

Mary died in 1874 in Clifton and is buried in Clifton Cemetery. George perished in a tragic accident. On December 29, 1876, George was a passenger on Train No. 5 of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railway, which originated in Buffalo, New York, with a Chicago destination.

 

The train consisted of the locomotive, two baggage cars, two day passenger coaches, two express coaches, a drawing room car, three sleeper cars, and a smoker car. As the train and its 160 passengers crossed the Ashtabula River in Ohio, the iron bridge spanning the river collapsed sending the entire train into the waters below.

 

Oil lanterns and coal-fired heating stoves soon ignited the wooden railcars and many of the passengers perished in the fire. Other victims drowned under debris. Approximately 90 people were killed in the disaster, including George Herbert Spooner, who perished in the car named City of Buffalo. One newspaper column concerning the disaster mentions that George was traveling to California. The wreck ranks as the third deadliest rail disaster in U.S. history. At the time of his death, George was a resident of Petersham, Massachusetts.

 

The "Ben" mentioned in George's letter may be his brother, Benjamin White Spooner.

 

Note that a woman named Clara Thayer from Springfield, Hampden County, Massachusetts, was also killed in the Ashtabula disaster. Clara may have been related to George's wife, Mary.

 

Note that the University of Michigan's Clements Library maintains an archive referred to as the George and Mary Spooner Family Collection (1842-1882).

 

Two Coffee Creek post offices existed in Porter County and this letter was posted from the second post office. The first post office operated from Jesse Morgan's inn located along the south side of present day Porter Avenue in Chesterton, slightly east of Dickinson Road. It existed between 1835 and 1849, and when discontinued the mail was routed to the Calumet post office located at New City West (now referred to as the Tremont area northeast of Chesterton).

 

The second Coffee Creek post office operated from 1850 to 1870 and was located near the downtown area of present day Chesterton, Indiana. The community was renamed Chesterton on January 24, 1870.

 

Sources:

The Chicago Daily Tribune, Chicago, Cook County, Illinois; January 6, 1877; Volume 31, Page 2, Column 6. Column titled "Ashtabula. The Bodies of Several Additional Victims Identified."

 

National Republican, Washington, D.C.; January 4, 1877; Volume 17, Number 32, Page 2, Column 5. Column titled "And Still Another."

 

Rutland Herald, Rutland, Rutland County, Vermont; January 5, 1877; Volume 16, Number 157, Page 3, Column 6. Column titled "The Ashtabula Disaster."

 

Copyright 2020. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.

BUS, A Day In The Life

from George Maynard PRO 3 years ago / Creative Commons License: by nc nd NOT YET RATED

BUS, a day in the life

I’ve directed my artistic efforts toward the study of time imagery and its applicability to photography and film; but in fact, my medium of choice is the esoteric medium of consciousness, which is the physical basis for our perception of time. Consciousness is charged with a polarity of conscious formal structures and unconscious meta-formal archetypes, all of which can be viewed, at least theoretically, to function at the human level in a hypothetically collective, morphogenetic field that exhibits ubiquitous and uncanny anachronistic properties that can be represented to the outside world in aesthetic forms. Human consciousness’ subtle play of thought-imagery dramatizes the complex dynamical behavior of a non-linear psychic system of body and mind, where the haptic and optic fields merge with other conjectured mental domains of the mind.

My experimental project in filmic structuralism demonstrates the learned lessons of the medium of consciousness, keenly represented by my autumnal term final project entitled Bus, a day in the life. The storyline manipulates a spatially determined course of action, a kind of fated landscape representing a predetermined parcours that begins at home in the “East,” only to end at the brink of escape to freedom from the city of Montreal in the “West,” where a man’s personal peripeteia precipitates the coming to grips with his fate. This project is heavily influenced by Chris Marker’s La Jetee (1962), an experimental film that took the form of a sci-fi photo-roman, one that critics hailed as the epitome of the direct representation of the passage of time through the use of static imagery, a film made with the true genius and understanding of the potential of pure photographic representation. This inspirational film brings me to believe that “film” and “photograph” can be combined to produce more examples of such works, involving photographically driven temporal effects, especially when they are combined with the latent meaning of “landscapes.” Of course there are many “forms of landscapes” and finding the ones that are imbued with time may be a task left for the masters of cinema.

The project has consisted in pursuing a return to the unrelenting idea of a man who is impelled to journey by himself with the possibility of meeting others, always from “East” to “West,” from the real and stagnant confinement of an enclosed community with all of its proscribed conventions and repertoires of behavior, to a phantasm and unknown freedom associated with the unbounded wilderness and primordial savagery of “acting” that the Western frontiers have always provided to those who dwell in le recit de l’histoire de la conscience.

Not too long ago, after completing a graduate assistantship in electronics engineering at the University of Vermont, Burlington, and in the same period of finding out about a potentially fatal liver disease, I took the strangest and most unusual “bus trip” of all my travels, a spur of the moment compulsion to leave the “East” on a so-called last train to the coast (metaphorically speaking), one that lasted over two weeks and circumambulated the United States twice. In fact, I was so sick at the time of embarkation, and in more than a moment of madness, I had come to believe that my imminent future involved a life-to-death journey that was intrinsically tied up to the seemingly providential nature of the “bus itself,” as though it had come from a vastly unbounded “otherworldly place” of infinite dimensions, sent by the phantasmal powers of fate, to pick me up from a specifically predetermined point on a map, one associated with the civilized “East,” where the proscribed pain (in my case hepatalgia) had become the acceptable standard of laissez-faire complaisance, and miraculously to bring me back to an area of the uncanny cinematic, uncivilized “West,” where a faith in the “divine relief” is the only standard of behavior; because after all is said and done with, the imminence of death can only be counter balanced by the immanence of faith that emerges out of one’s Self.

The narrative logic is seemingly simple because there are few ways better to instill in a story the idea of the passage of time than to use a form of time-imagery that involves the hero’s mythical journey through a landscape, where the protagonist is in search of a so-called “golden fleece” (maybe as a metaphor for a “cure” or his own “spiritual salvation”); but in any event, his struggle involves a battle within himself to span the chasms of time and place. It is the faith in the mythical belief that “beyond-the-horizon” exists a place where you either fall off the edge of the world to an absolute death or raise over the restricted dimensionality of our world to an everlasting life. In fact, this type of thinking that involves a new look at faith, which forms some of the novel areas of research in the “post-postmodernism” movement that is emerging in the 21st century arts.

My studio project attempts to produce a semi-fictional narrative, which combines both “fictional” and “documentary” aspects of cinematographic storytelling, as it is made to function outside the postmodern paradigm. The success of this project rests on the film’s capability to transcend and temporalize cinematic space (a trip as seen from inside a “bus” gets equated with a journey from within a “mind”). There are two modular approaches that presently exist to do such a time/transcendence operation, one derives from the “post-structuralist” school of thought, where montage can be used to create time-imagery, either synthetically through the net effect of editing or analytically by allowing the viewer to extract an apprehension of time from the movement-image, in anticipation of the cut. The other one derives from the “post-post” movement (as in performatism), which is a reaction against post-modernism’s ways of discursively creating narratives with spatial/ethical frames of reference, which center and simultaneously constrict characters and their actions to the point where they are rendered eccentric and subjectively null. A performatist film can demonstrate the possibility of newness over the discursive by raising the issues of metaphysics (as in faith) in relations to human events. In my proposal project, the so-called “lone” character (one who travels alone on a “bus” from East to West) is induced to overcome the inhibiting frames of reference around him (our “lone” hero is put into a life-and-death situation that creates an insurmountable problem to be solved). Similarly, the viewers are forced to identify with this “lone” character since a lack of identification forecloses access to the whole story world. From this standpoint, faith transports a valued form of sacral representation that allows us to renew culturally driven activities (like a person’s coming to grips with death), bringing us back to the question of What does it mean to be human?

The plan of the project has been to create a deliberate “setup” within a mediated framework (i.e. the vehicle of the “bus”) that forces the viewers to experience how a single “lone” character transcends boundaries in a way that the “setup’s premises” are unbelievable but moves us nonetheless. In fact, these premises develop from a sort of “death wish” syndrome from within the hero’s mind as he travels on the “bus,” a syndrome of madness (maybe) that not only encompasses the symptoms of his fatal liver disease, but also other symptoms associated with his belief that people on the “bus” are out to murder him. The linkage of fatal disease with murder is based on a true story (totally subjective of course since there is no way to prove it) that I have experienced while traveling on a “bus” while acutely ill (so sick that such an event may have been another symptom of my disease, expressing itself as hallucinations). In any event, this strange occurrence on this particular “bus” did happen at least in my mind, as I refer to my ride with a group of devil worshipers, who were traveling from Denver, Colorado to Los Angeles, California, on November 29, 1998. As I recall bits-and-pieces of this devil worshiper event, the entire vehicle’s vibrational demeanor seemed to have taken part in a slowing down of time, and as the “bus” moved through the Rocky Mountains, one had the distinct impression that a time lock had cemented the space we were in, leaving only its oscillatory movement in place. A temporalization of space seemed to have engulfed the “bus,” as we became part of its vibrational structure. The whole experience was strongly driven by the auditory sense. Death seemed lurking near by, as the impression of a coming to an end catapulted a strange sense of faith, which permeated my whole spirit as well as that particular “bus.” It was the far most experience of uncanniness that I ever had in all of my travels; and as such, the story world of the Bus, a day in the life is based on this uncanny experience. Thus, the “lone” hero faces death by going on a journey of faith in search for his ultimate salvation, or could it be his redemption since his life-and-death situation may have been caused by his own transgression in a place that is most familiar to him, the expanse of his own mind.

The technical cinematographic strategy has been to minimize the use of montage, and replace it with the camera’s time and the time conveyed by the mise-en-scene, both coming together through interpenetration. Thus, very long takes associated with subjective point-of-view shots, which focus on the viewing screen of the “bus’s windshield” become indicators of the passage of time, as the hero’s inner dialogue recounts his journey within a landscape of his own mind. In theory, there is no more “postmodern” distinction between movement- and time-imagery, but instead only a monistic time associated with the live gaze of the human perspectives of the camera, as exemplified by the very long take. From narrative theory, what we have here is a character that focalizes both externally and internally the audio-visual processes that involve the recounting of a story about a man’s desperate attempt at escaping the countdown to his own death, a moment-by-moment “tick-tock” expressed by the swaying jaggedness and constant humming sound produced by the “bus” that represents the transfiguration of a space into that of a sacred clock.

December 4th, 2006

David George Menard, Graduate Student

FMPR 610/2: Graduate Film Production I

Fall Semester 2006/Film Studio Project

Mel Hoppenheim School of Cinema

Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec

Kamera: Zenza Bronica SQ-Ai

Linse: Zenzanon PS 50mm + extension tube

Film: Rollei Retro 400S @ ISO 400

Kjemi: Rodinal (1:25 / 10:30 min. @ 20°C)

 

-Monday 19 February 2024: I have just watched the whole proceedings of today’s opening statements by Palestine in the International Court of Justice in Den Haag, where in this new case the legality, policies and practices of Israel in the Occupied Palestinian Territories are in question.

 

This is truly an historic moment. And the presentation today was immensely powerful. I was so impressed by the whole legal team and the entire presentation of the case. In particular, I was blown away by the sharp and precise presentation by the lawyer Paul Reichler and the emotional appeal of Riyad Mansour. This was monumental.

 

Together with South Africa’s separate genocide case against Israel, I am certain we are finally witnessing the beginning of the end of the Zionist regime and justice at last for the Palestinian people. Today Palestine had 3 hours of presentation. In the next few days, more than 50 additional countries will also present their statements.

 

Here is history in the making.

 

International Court of Justice: Opening hearing on the legal consequences of Israel's occupation of Palestinian territories (publ. 19 February 2024) [Video]

 

International Court of Justice: Legal Consequences arising from the Policies and Practices of Israel in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem [Transcripts and Documents]

  

Mr REICHLER:

 

3. THE ILLEGALITY OF ISRAEL’S PROLONGED OCCUPATION, ANNEXATION AND SETTLEMENT OF THE OCCUPIED PALESTINIAN TERRITORY

 

1. Mr President, Members of the Court, it is an honour for me to appear before you, and a privilege to speak on behalf of the State of Palestine.

 

2. I will address the legality of Israel’s prolonged occupation, annexation and settlement of the Occupied Palestinian Territory. In so doing, I will identify the elements that determine whether, and in what circumstances, a belligerent occupation is, or becomes, unlawful under international law; I will then review the evidence to assess whether those elements are present here; and I will show that, based on the applicable law and the well-established and undisputed facts, Israel’s 56-year occupation of Palestinian territory is manifestly and gravely unlawful, and that international law requires that it be brought to an end, completely and unconditionally.

 

I. The applicable rule of law

 

3. The applicable rule of law is straightforward. As Pictet wrote in 1958, “occupation . . . is essentially a temporary . . . situation”. This remains the law. In December 2022, the General Assembly, in resolution 77/126, recognized that “the occupation of a territory is to be a temporary, de facto situation, whereby the occupying Power can neither claim possession nor exert its sovereignty over the territory it occupies”. This rule is neatly explained in the Written Statement of Switzerland:

 

“The laws of occupation are built on the idea that occupation is only a temporary situation. They are based on four fundamental principles . . .: 1) the occupying power does not acquire sovereignty over the territory it occupies . . . 2) the occupying power must maintain the status quo ante and must not take any measures which might bring about permanent changes”.

 

The law is thus crystal clear: occupation can only be a temporary state of affairs. A permanent occupation is a legal oxymoron.

 

II. The permanent character of the Israeli occupation

 

4. Mr President, what makes Israel’s ongoing occupation of the Palestinian territory unlawful is precisely its permanent character, and what demonstrates its permanence are:

 

(i) Israel’s de jure and de facto annexation of Jerusalem and the West Bank;

 

(ii) its claims of sovereignty over these areas, which it refers to by their biblical names, Judea and Samaria, and considers integral parts of the State of Israel;

 

(iii) its establishment of hundreds of permanent Israeli settlements, with over 700,000 Israeli settlers, who have been promised by successive Israeli governments that they will never be removed; and

 

(iv) the multitude of official statements and documents that openly declare Israel’s intention to incorporate all of the occupied territory east of the Green Line into the State of Israel as a permanent part of a single Jewish State extending from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea.

 

A. Declarations of permanence by Israel’s highest authorities

 

5. As I will show you, the evidence is overwhelming and leaves no room for serious dispute about Israel’s actions or its intentions. As Israel’s Cabinet Secretary wrote in June of last year:

 

“Judea and Samaria were not seized from a sovereign state recognized by international law, and the State of Israel has a right to impose its sovereignty over these areas as they comprise the cradle of history of the Jewish people and are an inseparable part of the Land of Israel.”

 

As purported legal authority, the Cabinet Secretary invoked the First Book of Maccabees, written in the year 100 BC, chapter 15, verse 33:

 

“It is not a foreign land we have taken nor have we seized the property of foreigners, but only our ancestral heritage, which for a time had been unjustly occupied by our enemies.”

 

6. This was followed in August of last year by a message broadcast on Israel’s Army Radio by Israel’s Heritage Minister:

 

“Sovereignty must be extended within the borders of the West

Bank . . . and in the most prudent way, to create international recognition that this place is ours . . . There is no Green Line, it is a fictitious line that creates a distorted reality and must be erased.”

 

7. In September 2023, Israel’s Prime Minister literally erased the Green Line, in his presentation to the United Nations General Assembly. As you saw earlier, he depicted the State of Israel as extending from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea, eliminating not only the Green Line but all traces of Palestine. This was no oversight; it was an act of the Head of Government, with all the attribution that it implies. The same message was delivered by Israel’s Finance Minister in Paris, six months earlier, when he denied the existence of Palestine and declared that Palestinians do not constitute a people. Previously, he said:

 

“We are here to stay. We will make it clear that our national ambition for a Jewish State from the river to the sea is an accomplished fact, a fact not open to discussion or negotiation.”

 

This has been Israel’s consistent position. Here is the map of Israel produced by its armed forces and published by the Government in 2021. One State, Israel, from the river to the sea. There is no Green Line; there is no Palestine. Instead, Palestine has been replaced by “Judea” and “Samaria”, which, according to Israel’s highest officials, are now integral parts of the State of Israel.

 

B. Annexation and settlement of Jerusalem

 

8. As these official statements and maps demonstrate, Israel makes no secret of its intention to retain permanently the entire area east of the Green Line. Its annexation of occupied Palestinian territory began in 1967 with legislation annexing East Jerusalem, which Israel increased eleven-fold in size to incorporate not only the Holy City but also vast areas of the West Bank surrounding the City. Its Defence Minister, Moshe Dayan, declared at the time:

 

“The Israel Defence Forces have liberated Jerusalem . . . We have returned to this most sacred shrine, never to part from it again.”

 

In 1990, the Israeli Cabinet instructed the Foreign Minister to notify the Secretary-General of the United Nations that

 

“Jerusalem is not, in any part, ‘occupied territory’; it is the sovereign capital of Israel”.

 

In June 1996, the Guidelines of the incoming Israeli Government stated:

 

“Jerusalem, the capital of Israel, is one city, whole and undivided, and will remain forever under Israel’s sovereignty.”

 

More recently, in assuming office in December 2022, the current Prime Minister declared that

 

“[t]he Jewish people are not occupiers in their own land nor occupiers in our eternal capital Jerusalem”.

 

As these official statements make clear, Israel’s dominion over Jerusalem and the incorporated area of the West Bank is not intended to be temporary. It has been repeatedly proclaimed by Israel’s highest authorities to be “eternal”.

 

9. In furtherance of this end, more than 230,000 Israeli Jewish settlers - encouraged, subsidized and protected by the Israeli Government and occupation forces - have been installed in East Jerusalem, dramatically altering the demographic composition of the Holy City by creating an Israeli Jewish majority.

 

C. Annexation and settlement of the West Bank

 

10. Israel has been equally clear in declaring its permanence in the West Bank, where more than 465,000 Israeli Jewish settlers have been implanted with the support of every Israeli government since 1967, in over 270 ever-expanding settlements, spread throughout this territory, in what can only be described as a vast colonial enterprise. These settlements, whose accelerated growth and distribution over the years are illustrated on your screens now, are a key instrument of Israel’s annexation of the West Bank; this is both their purpose and their effect.

 

11. As the Secretary-General reported to the General Assembly in 2015:

 

“Occupation is supposed to be temporary because the annexation or acquisition of territory by force is strictly prohibited under international law . . . In the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, the establishment and maintenance of the settlements amount to a slow, but steady annexation of the occupied Palestinian territory.”

 

12. Israel has made no secret of the intended permanence of these settlements. In 2010, Prime Minister Netanyahu told Israeli settlers in the West Bank:

 

“Our message is clear. ‘We are planting here, we will stay here, we will build here. This place will be an inseparable part of the State of Israel for eternity.’”

 

In August 2019, the Prime Minister announced that:

 

“The time has come to apply Israeli sovereignty over the Jordan Valley and to also arrange the status of all Jewish communities in Judea and Samaria . . . They will be part of the State of Israel.”

 

In January 2020, Israel’s Defence Minister, Naftali Bennett, declared:

 

“Our objective is that within a short amount of time . . . we will apply sovereignty to all of Area C, not just the settlements, not just this bloc or another.”

 

13. This area, which is depicted in red on your screens now, comprises over 61 per cent of the West Bank. The Defence Minister proclaimed:

 

“I solemnly declare that Area C belongs to Israel.”

 

This area includes the Jordan Valley, which is the water reservoir, the breadbasket and the source of life for the entire West Bank.

 

14. In December 2022, the Guiding Principles of the incoming Israeli Government declared:

 

“The Jewish people have an exclusive and indisputable right to all parts of the Land of Israel. The Government will promote and develop the settlement of all parts of the Land of Israel - the Galilee, the Negev, the Golan and Judea and Samaria.”

 

The coalition agreement between the political parties that formed the Government included this pledge:

 

“[T]he Prime Minister will lead the formulation and promotion of policy in which sovereignty will be applied in Judea and Samaria, while choosing the timing and weighing all the national and international interests of the State of Israel.”

 

III. Israel’s defiance of the Security Council, the General Assembly and the Court

 

15. General Assembly resolution 77/126 was adopted on 12 December 2022, just as the current Israeli Government was assuming office. The resolution pointedly recalled:

 

“[T]he principle of the inadmissibility of the acquisition of land by force and therefore the illegality of the annexation of any part of the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, which constitutes a breach of international law” and the resolution condemned Israel’s “annexation of land, whether de facto or through national legislation”.

 

16. Israel has thoroughly disregarded resolution 77/126, just as it disregarded all prior General Assembly and Security Council resolutions declaring illegal the annexation of any part of the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the establishment of Israeli settlements there. These include but are by no means limited to:

 

* - Security Council resolution 252 of 1968, declaring Israel’s acquisition of territory by military conquest “inadmissible”;

 

* - resolution 476 of 1980, which “[r]eaffirm[ed] the overriding necessity for ending the prolonged occupation of Arab territories” in 1980 and “[s]trongly deplore[d] the refusal of Israel . . . to comply with the relevant resolutions of the Security Council and the General Assembly”;

 

* - resolution 478 of 1980, which “determine[d] that all legislative and administrative measures and actions taken by Israel . . . to alter the character and status of the Holy City of Jerusalem, and in particular the ‘basic law’ on Jerusalem, are null and void and must be rescinded forthwith”;

 

* - resolution 2334 of 2016, which “reaffirm[ed] . . . the inadmissibility of the acquisition of territory by force”, and condemned “all measures aimed at altering the demographic composition, character and status of the Palestinian Territory occupied since 1967 . . . including, inter alia, the construction and expansion of settlements, transfer of Israeli settlers, confiscation of land, demolition of homes and displacement of Palestinian civilians”; and

 

* - at least 28 General Assembly resolutions, which expressly condemned Israel’s “annexation” of Jerusalem and the West Bank.

 

* 17. Israel has also blatantly disregarded the obligations reflected in the Court’s 2004 Advisory Opinion in the Wall case. Since then, instead of dismantling the wall, Israel has extended it from a length of 190 km to more than 460 km38, encompassing hundreds of additional square kilometres of Palestinian land, and incorporating it into the State of Israel. In its Advisory Opinion, the Court expressed concern lest

 

“the construction of the wall and its associated régime create a ‘fait accompli’ on the ground that could well become permanent, in which case, and notwithstanding the formal characterization of the wall by Israel, it would be tantamount to de facto annexation”

 

18. And that is precisely what has happened over the past 20 years, not only within the expanded confines of the wall, but all across the West Bank, most of which has now been annexed de facto by Israel. In 2022, the report of the United Nations International Commission of Inquiry concluded:

 

“Israel treats the occupation as a permanent fixture and has - for all intents and purposes - annexed parts of the West Bank . . . The International Court of Justice anticipated such a scenario in its 2004 advisory opinion . . . This has now become the reality.”

 

19. The Special Rapporteur on human rights in the Occupied Palestinian Territory reached the same conclusion:

 

“The occupation by Israel has been conducted in profound defiance of international law . . . Its 55-year-old occupation burst through the restraints of temporariness long ago. Israel has progressively engaged in the de jure and de facto annexation of occupied territory.”

 

IV. Recent acceleration of Israel’s annexation of the Occupied Palestinian Territory

 

20. Mr President, Israel’s ongoing annexation of the West Bank accelerated in 2023, with the largest ever expansion of settlements in the territory. Twenty-two new settlements were authorized and more than 16,000 new housing units were built, funded or planned by Israeli authorities. As explained by Israel’s Finance Minister:

 

“The construction boom in Judea and Samaria and all over our country continues . . . We will continue to develop the settlement[s] and strengthen the Israeli hold on the territory.”

 

21. In developing its settlements, Israel has invested heavily in the infrastructure needed to supply them with water and electric power, as well as a network of roads and highways to connect them to one another and to Israel itself. These investments, in the hundreds of millions of dollars, attest to the intended permanent character of the settlements. The roads, which Palestinians are forbidden to use, and a pervasive system of roadblocks and checkpoints, prevent Palestinians - but not Israeli settlers - from moving from place to place in the West Bank, and they isolate Palestinian communities by cutting them off from one another. Israel’s settlement expansion has thus both uprooted Palestinians from their homes to make room for new settlements, and forced them to live in disconnected and non-contiguous enclaves, which the Special Rapporteur has called

 

“a fragmented archipelago of 165 disparate patches of land”. This achieves the fundamental objective of the occupation: permanent acquisition of the maximum amount of Palestinian territory, with the minimum number of Palestinians in it.

 

22. In furtherance of this objective, and with increasing frequency, armed groups of settlers, supported by Israel’s occupation forces and encouraged by government ministers, have violently expelled thousands of peaceful Palestinian civilians from their ancestral villages and lands. A United Nations Fact Finding Mission confirmed:

 

“[T]he motivation behind this violence and the intimidation against the Palestinians and their properties is to drive the local populations away from their lands and allow the settlements to expand.”

 

The United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights reported in March 2023:

 

“[S]ettler violence further intensified, reaching the highest levels ever recorded by the United Nations.”

 

In November 2023, the High Commissioner warned that the situation had further deteriorated with “a sharp increase in settler violence and takeover of land across the West Bank. Since 7 October,” he continued, “nearly 1,000 Palestinians from at least 15 herding communities have been forced from their homes”.

 

23. The Secretary-General, in his most recent report, issued on 25 October 2023, expressly linked the expansion of Israeli settlements to the permanent acquisition of Palestinian territory:

 

“[S]uccessive Israeli Governments have consistently advanced and implemented policies of settlement expansion and takeover of Palestinian land.

 

The policies of the current Government in this regard are aligned, to an unprecedented extent, with the goals of the Israeli settler movement to expand long- term control over the occupied West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and, in practice, to further integrate those areas within the territory of the State of Israel.”

 

V. Application of the law to the facts

 

24. Mr President, Members of the Court, taking account of this evidence, as well as that described in the State of Palestine’s two written submissions, I turn to the law and how it applies to this occupation. The Written Statement of Switzerland is, once again, directly on point. It highlights the distinction between the law of occupation and the legality of a particular occupation:

 

“The law of occupation and the legality of occupation are two different questions. The law of occupation applies independently of the question of the legality of the occupation. Occupation is a situation subject to international humanitarian law, whereas its legality is covered by the United Nations Charter.”

 

25. In relation to the legality of the occupation under the Charter, Switzerland observes:

 

“The United Nations has consistently reaffirmed the principle of the inadmissibility of the acquisition of territory by force, and condemned Israeli measures aimed at modifying the demographic composition, the character and the status of Jerusalem and the Occupied Palestinian Territory as a whole, notably the construction and extension of settlements, the transfer of Israeli settlers, the confiscation of land, the demolition of homes and the displacement of Palestinian civilians.”

 

In Switzerland’s view:

 

“The measures taken by Israel in the Occupied Palestinian Territory lead to fundamental changes, particularly demographic changes, that can have a permanent character.” In such circumstances, Switzerland expressly invites the Court “to rule on the consequences of the permanent character of the measures taken by Israel in the Occupied Palestinian Territory as to the status of the occupation under general international law, in particular the Charter of the United Nations”.

 

26. Many States agree with this approach. France, too, underscores the temporary character of lawful occupation. This is a requirement that Israel’s occupation of Palestinian territory plainly fails to meet. As France states:

 

“[I]f the restrictions authorised by a regime of occupation were justifiable in the period following the military operations, they are not any more today. These points have been reiterated by the Security Council and the General Assembly on numerous occasions concerning Israel’s obligation to withdraw from the ‘occupied’ territories.”

 

27. France calls out, in particular, Israel’s annexation of occupied territory:

 

“The status of occupying power does not confer any legal title justifying annexation . . . The passage of time is not sufficient, as regards the acquisition of territory by force, to render lawful a situation that is gravely unlawful.”

 

On Israel’s vast network of settlements and hundreds of thousands of settlers in the occupied territory, France states:

 

“These permanent establishments are obviously incompatible with the necessarily temporary character of the occupation.”

 

28. Thirty-five of the States and international organizations that submitted written statements have addressed the legality of Israel’s occupation of Palestinian territory. Only two of these 35, to which I will come, argued that the occupation is not unlawful. Key excerpts reflecting the views expressed by the overwhelming majority - that the occupation is unlawful as a whole and must be brought to an end - are collected in Chapter 2 of the State of Palestine’s Written Comments. Here are three brief but emblematic examples:

 

29. The African Union

 

“invites the Court to conclude that the prolonged Israeli occupation of the Palestinian territories is, in itself, unlawful . . . [T]he policies and practices associated with it amount to de facto and de jure annexation of the Palestinian territories, which violates the prohibition on the acquisition of territory by force.”

 

30. Brazil observes that:

 

“Occupation is inherently temporary. This is the basic distinction between occupation and annexation.”

 

Brazil, here, hits the nail right on the head: unlike occupation, annexation is intended to be permanent, and it makes the occupation itself unlawful. In Brazil’s words, Israel’s policies and practices

 

“render the occupation unlawful as a whole, inasmuch as it would be tantamount to the acquisition of territory by force”.

 

31. Japan, too, emphasizes that the annexation of occupied territory is unlawful, referring to Article 2 (4) of the United Nations Charter:

 

“As the ICJ clarified in the Wall Advisory Opinion, the illegality of the acquisition of territory by force is a corollary of the prohibition of use of force incorporated in the UN Charter”,

 

which Japan calls

 

“the most fundamental rule of the post-war regime for peace based on the rule of law among nations”.

 

VI. The indefensibility of Israel’s ongoing occupation of Palestinian territory

 

32. The two outliers are Fiji and the United States. Of all the States that submitted written statements to the Court, only Fiji attempted to defend the occupation as lawful. But even Fiji conceded that Israel has annexed East Jerusalem de jure and that the application of an occupying Power’s laws to the occupied territory, which is the case in the West Bank, constitutes an annexation de facto. Nor did Israel itself deny its annexations of Jerusalem and the West Bank. Its abbreviated written statement is mainly an attack on the General Assembly for its alleged bias. It makes no attempt to defend the legality of its occupation under international law.

 

33. The only State besides Fiji to defend Israel is the United States. This is not surprising. Whatever offences against international law Israel commits, the United States comes forward to shield it from accountability. Here, the United States attempts to defend Israel, not by arguing that the occupation is lawful, but that it is neither lawful nor unlawful. To reach this conclusion, the United States argues that belligerent occupation is governed exclusively by international humanitarian law and not by the United Nations Charter or general international law. In its own words:

 

“Although international humanitarian law imposes obligations on belligerents in their conduct of an occupation, it does not provide for the legal status of an occupation to be lawful or unlawful.”

 

34. Even assuming, arguendo, that this is a correct reading of international humanitarian law, which we dispute, it does not lead to the conclusion that an occupation cannot be unlawful under international law. What about Article 2 (4) of the United Nations Charter, and general international law, including the prohibition on acquisition of territory by force? For the United States, apparently, this peremptory norm does not exist when it comes to Israel’s annexation and settlement of the Occupied Palestinian Territory. Only in such a lawless - and United Nations Charter-less - world could the Israeli occupation be described as “not unlawful”.

 

35. Notably, the United States ignores the part of the General Assembly’s request that the Court determine the legal status of the occupation under the United Nations Charter, in addition to international humanitarian law and other sources of law; and the United States fails to mention, let alone respond to, Switzerland’s Written Statement, asserting that belligerent occupation is covered both by international humanitarian law and by the United Nations Charter and general international law; and that the legality of the occupation itself is governed by the latter. The United States also ignores the written statements of the many other States which conclude that the Israeli occupation is unlawful as a whole, precisely because its annexation and settlement of the occupied territory constitute a permanent acquisition of territory by force in violation of Article 2 (4) and general international law.

 

36. Instead, in a single footnote, the United States responds only to those States which submitted that the Israeli occupation is unlawful under Articles 40 and 41 of the Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts. Remarkably, the United States contends that neither of those two articles reflects general international law. This is truly stunning! A persistent failure of a State to fulfil an obligation arising under a peremptory norm is not unlawful under general international law, as provided in Article 40? The injunction in Article 41 - that no State shall recognize as lawful a situation created by a serious breach of a peremptory norm - is not part of general international law? Just how far in disregarding the international legal order will the United States go to exempt Israel from the consequences of its ongoing violation of peremptory norms, including the prohibition on acquisition of territory by force?

 

37. Apparently, very far indeed. According to former US President Barack Obama, in the

memoir he published in 2020:

 

“[J]ust about every country in the world considered Israel’s continued occupation of the Palestinian territories to be a violation of international law. As a result, our diplomats found themselves in the awkward position of having to defend Israel for actions that we ourselves opposed.”

 

This is exactly what the United States is doing - again - in these proceedings.

 

VII. The occupation is unlawful and must be brought to an end

 

38. Mr President, Members of the Court, the evidence is before you - in the written submissions of the State of Palestine and dozens of other States and international organizations, and in the voluminous materials supplied to you by the Secretary-General - and it is indisputable. Under the umbrella of its prolonged military occupation, Israel has been steadily annexing the Occupied Palestinian Territory, and it continues to do so. Its undisguised objective is the permanent acquisition of this territory, and the exercise of sovereignty over it, in defiance of the prohibition on acquisition of territory by force.

 

39. The evidence is not only indisputable, it is of the highest probative value: investigative reports of authoritative United Nations agencies; reports of the Secretary-General; resolutions of the Security Council and the General Assembly; legislative and administrative acts by the Israeli Government; and public statements against interest by the most senior government officials admitting that Israel’s objective is sovereignty over all the territory east of the Green Line and its incorporation into a single Jewish State from the river to the sea. In this case, there is no reason not to take them at their word, because their deeds have been entirely consistent with it.

 

40. For Israel, as its successive governments have made clear, there is no Palestine. It simply does not exist. In November 2023, Prime Minister Netanyahu declared that his Government would never agree to a Palestinian State in the occupied territory. He later declared:

 

“I will not compromise on full security control over all the territory west of Jordan - and this is contrary to a Palestinian state.”

 

Israel’s intransigence was confirmed by its staunchest ally in December 2023, when US President Joe Biden publicly lamented that Israel’s leaders “don’t want anything remotely approaching a two-state solution”.

 

41. That is the very solution demanded by the Security Council, the General Assembly, the overwhelming majority of States and the State of Palestine itself. It is, in fact, the only solution that can lead to lasting peace and security for the Israeli people as well as the Palestinian people. And it is this very solution that has been frustrated by Israel’s defiant insistence on maintaining its dominion over Palestinian territory in perpetuity. This is why the Court’s advisory opinion is so critical and so urgent. The best, and possibly the last, hope for the two-State solution that is so vital to the needs of both peoples is for the Court to declare illegal the main obstacle to that solution - the ongoing Israeli occupation of Palestine - and for it to pronounce, in the clearest possible terms, that international law requires that this entire illegal enterprise be terminated: completely, unconditionally and immediately.

 

42. Mr President, the law is clear and it demands nothing less. A permanent occupation - one that is founded upon annexation and massive settlement of the occupied territory, and which aims to exercise sovereignty over it - is manifestly and gravely unlawful; it is an ongoing international wrong that must be brought to an immediate end. As the Court ruled in 1971:

 

“[T]he continued presence of South Africa in Namibia being illegal, South Africa is under obligation to withdraw its administration from Namibia immediately and thus put an end to its occupation of the Territory”.

 

43. The Secretary-General applied this principle directly to Palestine in his remarks to the Security Council one month ago:

 

“Palestinians must see their legitimate aspirations for a fully independent, viable and sovereign State realized, in line with United Nations resolutions, international law and previous agreements. Israel’s occupation must end.”

 

44. Mr President, the proverbial ball is now in your court. The General Assembly has asked you the critical questions. It is now your responsibility to answer them. Silence is not an option. As the immortal Palestinian poet, Mahmoud Darwish, wrote: “In silence we become accomplices.” But, he assured us, when we speak: “Every word has the power to change the world.”

 

45. Mr President, Members of the Court, your words have such power. In 2004, the Court affirmed the inalienable right of the Palestinian people to self-determination. In 2024, it is time for you to enable them finally to exercise that right, by freeing them from the unlawful Israeli occupation of their territory, so that they may live in a sovereign and fully independent State of their own, in peaceful and secure coexistence with all their neighbours, including Israel. By upholding international law, which is all the State of Palestine asks you to do, your powerful words will change the world.

 

46. I thank you Mr President, Members of the Court, for your kind courtesy and patient attention. We are in your hands, Mr President, whether you would like to take the mid-morning break now or call our next speaker.

 

The PRESIDENT: I thank Mr Reichler. I will invite the next speaker to take the floor after a coffee break of ten minutes. The sitting is suspended.

 

The Court adjourned from 11.25 a.m. to 11.45 a.m.

The motto above the door is still as applicable today as it ever was -

 

'Sen vord is thrall and thocht is fre : Keip veill thy tonge I coinsell the'

 

Since word is thrall (enslaving) and thought is free : keep well thy tongue I counsel thee.

(Think what you like, but becareful what you say).

  

Dunfermline (Scots: Dunfaurlin, Scottish Gaelic: Dun Pharlain) is a town (ancient City and Royal Burgh, and one-time capital of Scotland) in the County ("Kingdom") of Fife which is located on the east coast of Scotland, on the opposite side of the Firth of Forth from Edinburgh.

 

The first historic record for Dunfermline was made in the 11th century. According to the fourteenth-century chronicler, John of Fordun, Malcolm III, King of Scotland (reign 1058-93) married his second bride, the Anglo-Hungarian princess, Saint Margaret, at the church in Dunfermline between 1068 and 1070; the ceremony was performed by Forhad, the last Celtic bishop of St Andrews. Malcolm III established Dunfermline as a new seat for royal power in the mid-11th century and initiated changes that eventually made the township the de facto capital of Scotland for much of the period until the assassination of James I in 1437.Following her marriage to King Malcolm III, Queen Margaret encouraged her husband to convert the small culdee chapel into a church for Benedictine monks. The existing culdee church was no longer able to meet the demand for its growing congregation because of a large increase in the population of Dunfermline from the arrival of English nobility coming into Scotland. The founding of this new church of Dunfermline was inaugurated around 1072, but was not recorded in the town's records.

David I, King of Scotland (reign 1124-53) would later grant this church, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, to "unam mansuram in burgo meo de Dunfermlyn" which translates into "a house or dwelling place in my burgh of Dunfermline". The foundations of the church evolved into an Abbey in 1128, under the reign of their son, David I. Dunfermline Abbey would play a major role in the general romanisation of religion throughout the kingdom. At the peak of its power the abbey controlled four burghs, three courts of regality and a large portfolio of lands from Moray in the north down into Berwickshire. Dunfermline had become a burgh between 1124 and 1127, if not before this time. Dunfermline Palace was also connected to the abbey and the first known documentation of the Auld Alliance was signed there on 23 October 1295.

 

Dunfermline Abbey, one of Scotland's most important cultural sites, has received more of Scotland's royal dead than any other place in the kingdom, excepting Iona. King Robert the Bruce - King Robert I (11 July 1274 - 7 June 1329) - is buried in the Abbey, and several Scottish kings were born in the adjacent Palace.

 

The Union of the Crowns ended the town's royal connections when James VI relocated the Scottish Court to London in 1603.

 

The Abbey parish church, designed by the architect William Burn, was built between 1818 and 1821 on the site of the medieval choir and transepts which had been the eastern part of the Abbey. Parts of the original Abbey and of the Palace survive, albeit as ruins.

 

The Abbey Church has the words KING ROBERT THE BRUCE as cut out masonry in the four faces of the tower, to commemorate its most famous occupant.

 

Dunfermline is the birthplace of General John Forbes, who captured the town known as Fort Duquesne in Pennsylvania from the French in 1758 and re-named it Pittsburgh (burgh being the Scottish equivalent of Borough) in honour of William Pitt the Elder, Secretary of State of the United Kingdom. General Forbes died in Philadelphia on 11 March 1759 and was buried in Christ Church in Philadelphia.

 

Dunfermline is also the birthplace of another man with Pittsburgh connections, Andrew Carnegie (November 25, 1835 - August 11, 1919) who spent part of his wealth on buying Pittencrieff Estate in Dunfermline (formerly owned by the Forbes family) and donating it to the citizens of Dunfermline. The Estate is today a wonderful park right in the centre of the city. Of the many Carnegie Libraries established around the world, the first was set up in Dunfermline.

  

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunfermline

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_(British_Army_officer)

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Carnegie

www.dunfermlineabbey.co.uk/index.php

The word harem is strictly applicable to Muslim households only, but the system was common, more or less, to most ancient Oriental communities, especially where polygamy was permitted.[2]

The Imperial Harem of the Ottoman sultan, which was also called seraglio in the West, typically housed several dozen women, including wives. It also housed the Sultan's mother, daughters and other female relatives, as well as eunuchs and slave servant girls to serve the aforementioned women. During the later periods, the sons of the Sultan also lived in the Harem until they were 16 years old, when it was considered appropriate for them to appear in the public and administrative areas of the palace. The Topkapı Harem was, in some senses, merely the private living quarters of the Sultan and his family, within the palace complex. Some women of Ottoman harem, especially wives, mothers and sisters of sultans played very important political roles in Ottoman history, and in times it was said that the empire was ruled from harem. Hürrem Sultan (wife of Süleyman The Magnificent, mother of Selim II) and Kösem Sultan (mother of Murad IV) were the two most powerful women in Ottoman history.

In the Ottoman period prior to Atatürk's Reforms, "harem", more properly (Turk.) haremlik, meant simply the private or family area of a typical upper-class household, as opposed to the public or reception rooms known as the saremlik.[3]

Moulay Ismail, Alaouite sultan of Morocco from 1672 to 1727, is said to have fathered a total of 525 sons and 342 daughters by 1703 and achieved a 700th son in 1721.[4] He had over 500 concubines.[5]

 

 

INTRO TO THECENTEROFTHENET.COM / LARGE 2400 + STUDENT PROJECT With approximately 650-2400 students, lacking funding and administration experience, I set up and administered a Nginx/Aegir based Octopus/Barracuda platform on an unmanaged VPS for development. Two full time college contracts granted access to students for research and development. Many Chinese teachers were reluctant to assign individual/group projects, lacking resources and technological ability. I created teams, leaders and online groups, known as “evogroups” at thecenterofthenet.com to address that. Different blending learning techniques where applied. Group questions populated a shared FAQ, leaders created support tickets for non-indexed questions, which would be later closed and then added to the FAQ.. Content was analyzed using Thomson Reuters semantic tagging and the Solaris Search module for future intelligent discovery, using what’s related type facets and metrics. All applicable metrics, liked, used, disliked, etc. would be recorded in “MyIQ”. Similar to Napster’s discovery model, where users accessed collections of similar listeners… Intelligent discovery connected users with similar Myiq’s.. Content wasn’t liked and forgotten in a single use cycle. 10 years ago, this was a rare strategy..

This was a complex system. I’m not a programmer; rather a task/form-follow-function orientated developer understanding principles and adapting code or script as needed. Creating a non-hardware version of OLPC targeting vocational, institutional, collaborative learning mixed user literacy environments and other dynamic scenarios was challenging. Targeting digital immigrants with various computer literacy levels in traditional Chinese classrooms, where universities today don’t allow laptops was difficult. Without prior teacher blogs, online lesson plans, etc. . Intensive student orientation was a prerequisite, allowing group and individual video research projects to then be assigned. Within the EMS, project and assignment management with collaboration tools & metrics allowed large classes to receive individualized attention. Additionally, I online final exams were also integrated, with dynamic questions, destroying cheating opportunity. Despite international 2018 EMS adoption, I'm unaware of previous and few modern Chinese schools with such integration.

Hosting abroad under censorship, utilizing domestic api’s was difficult. China blocked my server twice causing midterm server relocation. Drupal 6, under high user load, combined with the local network infrastructure was not scalable. A larger server and team was required to optimize database calls and more. Beyond my individual capability. With a working example, I created promotional Kickstarter campaign videos.

Using Audacity and PowerPoint, 100s of hours were invested in promotional videos. I had to pause development to care for my wife who developed health issues. This entire experience, researching and developing a large scale project would have been difficult in the US. These accomplishments are comparable with Khan Academy's initial work involving 70 Californian students. By the time my wife's health improved, there were significant php/drupal developments. Having no opportunity to update the project, I have instead migrated toward an offline independent Linux based S.E.L.M.S.

 

Porter County Court House, Valparaiso, Ind.

 

Date: 1911

Source Type: Photograph

Publisher, Printer, Photographer: George William Belting, Joseph Decker

Postmark: Not Applicable

Collection: Steven R. Shook

Remark: The image here shows the third court house constructed in Porter County. This structure was completed in 1883 at a cost of $157,348, nearly 25 percent over the original bid cost of $125,909. The building's footprint measured 128 feet by 98 feet, and had a tower height of 168 feet.

 

A fire at the court house occurred during near zero temperatures on December 27, 1934, and required the assistance of fire departments from Gary and LaPorte to help extinguish the blaze. Tragically, fireman Raymond Meinke died of injuries sustained when his fire truck skidded on an icy highway six miles from Valparaiso on its return trip to LaPorte from this fire. Considerable controversy resulted from this fire; several residents had stated that the county had been warned repeatedly about building safety issues, especially about alleged faulty wiring, long before the fire took place and that these warnings were continually ignored by the county commissioners. William Hutton, an architect from Hammond, Indiana, assisted the county in receiving $100,000 from insurance companies after the fire.

 

In 1936, William Scholer, an architect from Lafayette, Indiana, was hired by the county to prepare two separate plans: one plan for the complete demolition and construction of a new court house, and the second plan for the remodeling of the fire-damaged structure. In the end, remodeling the damaged structure won out. The cost for reconstructing the fire-damaged structure was $172,000, which was completed in 1937 by the the local firm Foster Lumber Company.

 

Source:

Decker, Joseph. 1911. Souvenir Book of Valparaiso, Indiana. Valparaiso, Indiana: Valparaiso Printing Company. Unpaginated.

 

Copyright 2021. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.

Here's a map I did of my envisioned Seattle HCT Network

 

Map © SolDuc 2013

 

Legend:

Line Name/Mode/Destinations/Frequency: Peak/Off-Peak/Weekends/ROW (exclusive or shared)/Crossings (totally separated, mostly seperated or at-grade)/Other features (when applicable)

 

- Mukilteo-Cinton/ferry/30/30/30

- Edmonds-Kingston/ferry/50/50/50

- Seattle-Bainbridge Island/ferry/55/55/55

- Seattle-Bremerton/ferry/75/75/75

- Fauntleroy-Vashon/ferry/30/30/30

- Fauntleroy-Southworth/ferry/50/50/50

- Vashon-Southworth/ferry/40/40/40

- Talequah-Point Defiance/ferry/50/50/50

- Seattle-Vashon/POF/60/-/-

- Seattle-West Seattle/POF/15/30/30

- Bremerton-Port Orchard/POF/30/30/30

- Bremerton-Annapolis/POF/15/-/-

- Sounder/COR/Everett-Seattle-Tacoma-DuPont/15/30/60/exclusive/separated/electrified

- Green Line/RRT/Ballard-Seattle-West Seattle-Burien-Renton-Bellevue-Lynnwood/5/5/10/exclusive/separated/automated

- Red Line/RRT/Tacoma-Seattle-UW Seattle-Everett/7.5/8/10/Exclusive/Mostly separated

- Blue Line/RRT/Kirkland-Redmond-Bellevue-Seattle-UW Seattle-Everett/7.5/8/10/Exclusive/Separated

- Yellow Line/RRT/Kirkland-Redmond-Issaquah-Seattle-UW Seattle-Lake City-Bothell/7.5/8/10/Exclusive/Separated

- Seattle Center Monorail/Monorail/Westlake-Seattle Center/7.5/7.5/7.5/Exclusive/Separated

- Orange Line/LRT/Kent-Maple Valley-Renton-Rainier Valley-Seattle-Fremont/10/10/15/Exclusive/at-grade

- Pink Line/LRT/Seattle-Everett via 99/10/10/10/Exclusive/at-grade

- Brown Line/LRT/Seattle-Interbay-Ballard/10/10/15/Exclusive/at-grade

- Purple Line/LRT/Ballard-UW Seattle-Magnuson/7.5/10/15/Exclusive/at-grade

- Grey Line/LRT/Tacoma-Point Defiance/8/10/10/Exclusive/at-grade

- Black Line/LRT/Parkland-Tacoma-Central Tacoma/8/10/10/Exclusive/at-grade

- Waterfront Streetcar/STC/Seattle Waterfront/15/15/9/Exclusive/at-grade/Historic Streetcar

- G Line/STC/Capitol Hill-Seattle-UW Seattle-Green Lake/10/10/10/Shared/at-grade

- H Line/STC/Alki Beach-Alaska Junction/8/10/10/Shared/at-grade

- I Line/STC/Factoria-Bellevue-Kirland-Totem Lake/8/10/10/Shared/at-grade

- J Line/STC/LFP-Aurora Village-Edmonds/8/10/12/Shared/At-grade

- K Line/STC/Lynnwood-Mukilteo/9/10/15/Shared/at-grade

- L Line/STC/Mercer Island/9/10/15/Shared/at-grade

 

Abreviations:

POF: Passenger-only Ferry

COR: Communter Rail

RRT: Rapid Rail Transit

LRT: Light Rail Transit

STC: Streetcar

 

Routes to be elimintaed under this scenario:

KCM:

7, 7X, 41, 44, 70, 37, 158, 159, 164, 143, 211, 212, 216, 218, 219, 773, 775, 907

 

ST:

510, 511, 512, 522, 532, 535, 550, 554, 560, 566, 567, 574, 577, 578, 586 590, 592, 594

 

PT:

1, 500

 

CT:

Swift, 113, 402, 413, 415, 416, 417, 421, 810, 821, 855, 860, 880, 885

  

Routes to be truncated under this scenario:

KCM:

31, 32, 48, 71, 72, 73, 74, 201, 202, 204, 205, 210, 234, 235, 240, 269

 

ST:

513, 595

 

CT:

130, 412, 871

 

And if you're wondering, here are the few ST routes that remain as original (all converted with true BRT using HOV/Bus lanes, off-board payement and other BRT stuff):

540, 542, 545, 555, 556, 596

Black Saturday +day197

 

Check out Renewin' Strathewen

 

Don't read this

Don't think I write for anything other than for my own selfish reasons. So stop reading, right now. Stop!

 

Still reading? Feeling distracted? I often think about this process when I read articles on-line, only to get distracted. The repeated mistake I make? I ask the question *after* I've read the article. If I write for my own selfish reasons, do others? What makes something worth reading might not be the same for you as it is to me, but I think good writers successfully combine three things at once. They A) solve a particular problem well, B) they solve a problem that is applicable to you. And C) they write in an entertaining way that makes you want to read more.

 

If you think about this for a minute, the chances of finding writing that combines the union of these three characteristics is pretty low. It reminds me somewhat of the problem deciding where I can simultaneously eat, read and program code. Where do you go? Do you stay at home? Do you go to a Cafe'? Is the travel worth it? Some destinations have great food but are too noisy to work. Others have great couches and natural light but no power plugs. It's a rare place where the quality of the food is matched by the Wi-Fi bandwidth and coffee.

 

So that's my reading mantra now. No more bad food and coffee, saggy couches, intermittent Wi-Fi and noisy cafe's. I only want to read things that solve particular problems I'm working on. Most important it has to make me laugh. [0]

 

It's a tall order, but that's what I'm sticking to. I'm sick of reading equivalent of "repair manuals for tractors". [1] Now don't get my wrong, I like tractors as much as the next person but I'm not going to waste any more of my time reading articles inspired by cutting edge "Russian industrial design". Which brings me to the number one reason why I write.

 

Why write?

I write for my own selfish reasons mainly to get "new ideas", I also write for a multitude of other reasons. Do you think I wrote about JSON and sausages [2] for the technical merits of plain text data formats alone? Wrong. I was probably just hungry at the time watching cooking shows on television and I just happened to be thinking about the best way to transport data users could edit.

 

What about GTD with nothing? Did I write this exclusively with the intention to explore ways Startups can move forward in difficult circumstances with few resources? Or was it to inoculate myself from the horrors of Black Saturday? [3]

 

Ten signs of failure was a quick article looking for clues leading to failure. I wrote this because I can't seem to finish an article I'm writing on Failure. [4] How about Girls, relationships and cattiness?? [5] I wrote this not specifically to understand why bullies gave my a hard time at my last year at High School but more to see how Queen Bee behaviour [6] might impact users in a Startup idea I've been working on.

 

Do you see the pattern?

 

What's bugging me?

I write to solve problems that bug me and in the process of writing I also generate new ideas. Sometimes potential solutions to questions I haven't thought of before. I write and the solutions just seem to appear.

 

"Where do you start?", you might ask? For me it's a simple question of asking myself, "what's bugging me now?". Intelligently applied this seems to be enough to kick-start writing. Write down a key idea, then work out exactly what is bugging me. Then try to find a solution in words.

 

Solve a problem

Solving a problem through writing is the fun part. I think the hard bit is asking the right question. It takes a certain www.flickr.com/photos/bootload/3860896527/suspension of reality to ask yourself, "what is it that is bugging me enough to write about fixing it?". It will probably not come as a shock though that writing about "solving a problem" isn't really solving a problem at all. For that you have to work hard. Not writing work, but real work. Why bother then? Well to better understand why writing is good for solving problems you should probably look at the world of Art and portraits.

 

Writing is a starting point of ideas much like the inspiration you get right before you put charcoal to paper for a twenty minute warm-up of a nude model. The quick thought you have before you start. It's not really solving the drawing problem as much as it's a derivative of an investigation. It won't produce a drawing but provides the necessary inspiration to start. [7] A mental sketch before the physical sketch of a potential oil painting. That's why writing about solving problems is fun. You gain insight into your problem then promptly forget about the hard work ahead.

 

Entertain

Writing about something should first solve a problem, your problem. But making it entertaining shouldn't be a planned goal. The only reason I can think to make writing entertaining is so I don't get bored reading it. [8]

 

Around the world each year, millions of people are tortured into reading "official government" forms written by highly imaginative accountants. Substitute "on-line articles" for "forms", "Bloggers" for "official government accountants" to get a better idea of my problem.

 

If you read on-line, a lot of what you read is "accountant" approved. Accurate but dry and totally unremarkable. It's hard work, but I feel much better reading and writing about something I really enjoy. I'd hate to think, that what I write makes me feel the equivalent of Marty Feldman at Tax time. [9] Let alone others.

 

The discerning reader

The point of this quick diversion is to remind myself two things. The first: Recognise that a lot of what you read is probably at best a distraction and at worst it wont solve any problems you have and wont be funny. The second: Realise a good way to solve your own problems is not to rely entirely on what others write, but write yourself. Write about your problems and make your own discoveries. Realising that writers write for their own selfish reasons makes for a more discerning reader.

 

Hence the warning, "don't read this".

 

Reference

[0] Of the four lessons Roald Dahl recommends this the one he places great emphasis on. 1) Make up ridiculous rhyming words, 2) always have conflict between good and evil characters where good always triumphs over bad 3) Have have characters do ridiculous things and 4) make it funny. Most of all make things enjoyable to read.

[Accessed Wednesday 26th, August, 2009]

www.flickr.com/photos/bootload/2837817764

 

[1] I once worked at a place where raw materials came in unpacked off containers. The boxes all stamped with labels saying this particular box was made at "Stamping Mill #13" made at such and such location and country. Utilitarian design at it's best.

 

[2] seldomlogical, "Fat-free data alternative: I'm building a new product. I want give users access to their own data. Do I let them have it with the lot? Or offer a fat-free alternative?"

[Accessed Wednesday 26th, August, 2009]

seldomlogical.com/2008/05/13/fat-free-data-alternative

 

[3] seldomlogical, "Getting stuff done with nothing: I retitled the talk on the day to "Kick-starting Volunteers". It not only made the title shorter but placed the talk into a bigger context. The ideas I used to solve problems on Black Saturday could just as easily be applied to volunteers or Startups."

[Accessed Wednesday 26th, August, 2009]

seldomlogical.com/2009/04/21/getting-stuff-done-with-nothing

 

[4] seldomlogical, "10 signs of failure: While writing up an upcoming article on "failure", I realised I'd come up with a mini article on failure. Here is a list of warning signs indicating, you might be about to fail at a given task."

[Accessed Wednesday 26th, August, 2009]

seldomlogical.com/2009/08/12/10-signs-of-failure

 

[5] flickr, 2009AUG251053, "SBS INSIGHT: girls, relationships & cattiness" What is it about girls that can make their relationships troublesome and catty?"

[Accessed Wednesday 26th, August, 2009]

www.flickr.com/photos/bootload/3854522410/

 

[6] Amazon, Rosalind Wiseman, Three Rivers Press, 2009 "Queen Bees and Wannabes"

[Accessed Wednesday 26th, August, 2009]

www.amazon.com/Queen-Bees-Wannabes-Boyfriends-Realities/d...

 

[7] Having done years of drawing in studios, warm-up sketches, the 5 minute and 20 minute sketches mean you have to work fast and capture the essence of what is there. You don't have long before you start. That first idea before you start really translates a good sketch to a great sketch depending how well you think it will go.

 

[8] Who knows if other people like my sense of humour or story telling? I write to keep myself amused.

 

[9] Marty Feldman, the great English comic, writer and actor with his bulging eyes. I love his work, but never quite know where to look at face.

[Accessed Wednesday 26th, August, 2009]

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marty_Feldman

 

next >>>

+++ DISCLAIMER +++

Nothing you see here is real, even though the conversion or the presented background story might be based on historical facts. BEWARE!

  

Some background:

During the interwar period, the U.S. Navy Command had placed considerable emphasis upon the role of armed aerial reconnaissance aircraft. To meet this interest, during 1931, the young Great Lakes Aircraft Company (founded in 1929 in Cleveland, Ohio) decided to embark on the development of a new naval combat aircraft to meet this role. The new aircraft, which was designated as the SBG, was a relatively modern all-metal design, even though some conservative traits like a fixed landing gear were kept.

 

The SBG was a low-wing cantilever monoplane, featuring all-metal, metal-covered construction. The crew of three consisted of a pilot, a bombardier and a rear gunner. The bombardier's combat station was situated in a gondola underneath the hull. The pilot was positioned well forward in the fuselage with an excellent field of view, within a fully enclosed, air-conditioned and heated cockpit, while the observer was seated directly behind him and could descend into the ventral gondola during applicable parts of a given mission, where he had an unobstructed field of view underneath the aircraft. A lookout station at the gondola’s front end could be outfitted with a bombsight.

 

The fixed undercarriage was covered with spats and comprised a pair of cantilever struts and single tail wheel, all of which were outfitted with pneumatic shock absorbers. One of the more unusual features of the SBG was the design of its three-piece low-mounted wing: In order to produce a wing that was both light and strong, the wing construction combined a revolutionary heavy-gauge corrugated duralumin center box and a multi-cellular trailing edge, along with a partially stressed exterior skin composed of duralumin. It was one of the earliest implementations of a metal sandwich structure in the field of aviation. Furthermore, the wings could, for storage on carriers, be manually folded back, just outside of the landing gear.

 

The fuselage of the SBG had an oval-section structure, composed of a mixture of duralumin frames and stringers, which were strengthened via several struts on the middle section. The fuselage exterior was covered with smooth duralumin sheet, which was internally reinforced in some areas by corrugated sheeting. The rear fuselage featured a semi-monocoque structure. A cantilever structure composed of ribs and spars was used for the tail unit; fin and tail plane were covered by duralumin sheeting, while the rudder and elevators had finely corrugated exterior surfaces.

 

The SBG’s original powerplant was a Pratt & Whitney R-1830-64 Twin Wasp radial engine of 850 hp (630 kW). The aircraft's offensive payload consisted of bombs. These were carried externally underneath the fuselage and the wings, using racks; the maximum load was a single 1,935 lb. (878 kg) Bliss-Leavitt Mark 13 aerial torpedo or 1,500 lb. (700 kg) of bombs, including a single 1,000 lb. (450 kg) bomb under the fuselage and up to 200 lb. under the outer wings.

The SBG was also armed with several machine guns, including rearward-facing defensive ventral and dorsal positions, each outfitted with a manual .30 in (7.62 mm) Browning machine gun. Another fixed machine gun fired, synchronized with the engine, forward through the propeller arc.

 

The first XSBG-1 prototype, which was christened “Prion” by Great Lakes, was ready in early 1934 and made its maiden flight on 2nd of April. While the aircraft handled well, esp. at low speed, thanks to generously dimensioned flaps, it soon became clear that it was seriously underpowered. Therefore, Great Lakes tried to incorporate a more powerful engine. The choice fell on the new Pratt & Whitney R-2180-A Twin Hornet. However, the bigger and heavier engine called for considerable changes to the engine mount and the cowling. The R-2180 also precluded the fixed machine gun, so it was, together with the synchronization gearbox, deleted. Instead, a pair of .30 in machine guns were added to the spats, which were deepened in order to take the weapons and the magazines.

 

Furthermore, the heavier engine shifted the aircraft’s center of gravity forward, so that the tail section had to be lengthened by roughly 1’ and the tail surfaces were enlarged, too. Various other alterations were made to the wings, including the adoption of more effective slotted ailerons, improved flaps and center-section slots. The latter feature served to smooth the airflow over the tail when flown at high angles of incidence. However, despite these changes, the SBG’s good handling did not suffer, and the modified XSBG-2 took to the air for the first time in late 1935, with a much better performance.

 

Satisfied with the changes, the US Navy's Bureau of Aeronautics (BuAer) placed an initial order for 54 SBG-2s in 1936 with the aircraft entering service during 1938, serving on USS Yorktown and Enterprise. However, faults were discovered with the Mark XIII torpedo at this point. Many were seen to hit the target yet failed to explode; there was also a tendency to run deeper than the set depth. It took over a year for the defects to be corrected. Another problem of the SBG when carrying the torpedo was the aimer’s position, which was located directly behind the weapon and obstructed the bomb aimer’s field of view forward. When deploying bombs from higher altitudes, this was not a problem at all, but as a consequence the SBG rarely carried torpedoes. Therefore, a second order of 48 aircraft (designated SBG-3) were pure bombers. These lacked any torpedo equipment, but they received a ventral displacement yoke that allowed to deploy bombs in a shallow dive and release them outside of the propeller arc. Furthermore, the bomb aimer/observer station received a more generous glazing, improving the field of view and offering the prone crewman in this position more space and comfort. Another modification was the reinforcement of the underwing hardpoints, so that these could now carry stores of up to 325 lb each or, alternatively, drop tanks. While the total payload was not changed, the SBG-3 could carry and deploy up to three depth charges against submarines, and the extended range was a welcome asset for reconnaissance missions.

 

In prewar use, SBG units were engaged in training and other operational activities and were gradually approaching the end of their useful service life with at least one aircraft being converted to target tug duty. By 1940, the US Navy was aware that the SBG had become outclassed by the fighters and bombers of other nations and a replacement was in the works, but it was not yet in service when the US entered World War II. By then, attrition had reduced their numbers to just over 60 aircraft, and with the arrival of the Curtiss SB2C “Helldiver” in December 1942, the obsolete SBGs were retired.

  

General characteristics:

Crew: 3

Length: 31 ft 9 in (9.682 m)

Wingspan: 45 ft 9 in (13.95 m)

Height: 10 ft 10 in (3.3 m)

Wing area: 288 sq ft (26.8 m²)

Empty weight: 4,251 lb. (1,928 kg)

Gross weight: 6,378 - 6,918 lb. (2,893 - 3,138 kg) for reconnaissance missions

7,705 - 7,773 lb (3,495 - 3,526 kg) for bombing missions

Fuel capacity: 200 US gal (740 l; 160 imp gal) in six wing tanks plus

7.9 US gal (30 l; 6.6 imp gal) in a gravity feed collector tank in the fuselage

18 US gal (70 l; 15 imp gal) of engine oil was also carried in a forward fuselage tank

 

Powerplant:

1 × Pratt & Whitney R-2180-A Twin Hornet 14 cylinder radial engine with 1,200 hp (865 kW),

driving a 3-bladed Hamilton-Standard Hydromatic, 11 ft 3 in (3.43 m) diameter constant-speed

fully-feathering propeller

 

Performance:

Maximum speed: 245 mph (395 km/h, 213 kn) at 3,650 m (11,980 ft)

210 mph (338 km/h, 183 kn) at sea level

Stall speed: 110 km/h (68 mph, 59 kn)

Range: 1,260 km (780 mi, 680 nmi)

Service ceiling: 7,300 m (24,000 ft)

Time to altitude: 2,000 m (6,600 ft) in 4 minutes

4,000 m (13,000 ft) in 11 minutes 10 seconds

Wing loading: 116 kg/m² (24 lb/sq ft) to 130 kg/m2 (27 lb/sq ft)

Power/mass: 6.3–6.8 kg/kW (10.4–11.2 lb/hp)

 

Armament:

2x fixed forward firing 0.30 “ (7.62 mm) Browning machine guns in the spats, firing forward,

plus 2x flexibly mounted 0.30 “ (7.62 mm) Browning machine guns in ventral and dorsal positions

A total of up to 1,500 lb (700 kg) of bombs on hardpoints under the fuselage (max. 1.000 lb; the SCG-2

could carry a single Mk. XIII torpedo) and under the wings (max. 325 lb per hardpoint, SCG-2 only 200 lb)

  

The kit and its assembly:

I had the idea to convert a PZL.23 into a carrier-borne light bomber on the agenda for a long time and also already a Heller kit stashed away – but it took the “In the Navy” group build at whatifmodelers.com in early 2020 to dig everything out from the stash and start the hardware phase.

 

Originally, this was inspired by a picture of a Ju 87D with USN “Yellow wings” markings which I came across while doing online research. This looked really good, but since the USN would never have accepted a liquid-cooled engine on one of its pre-WWII aircraft, the concept had IMHO some flaws. When I came across the PZL.23 in another context, I found that the aircraft, with its cockpit placed well forward and the generous window area, could also be a good carrier-based recce/light bomber/torpedo aircraft? This was the conceptual birth of the SBG.

 

The basis is the vintage, original Heller kit of the PZL.23: a VERY nice kit. It has been crisply molded, fit is very good, and even the interior detail is decent, e.g. with a nice fuselage structure and dashboard. Surface details are raised but very fine, and the styrene is also easy to handle.

 

Basically the PZL.23 was built OOB. The only changes I made are a crew of three figures (all Matchbox WWII pilots, two of them with their heads in different directions), a tail wheel instead of the original skid, an opening for an arrester hook under the fin (there’s even plausible space available!) and a new engine: the PZL.23’s bulky 9 cylinder Jupiter radial engine with its generous cowling and the two-blade propeller was completely replaced. The engine dummy is actually a matching R-2600 and comes from a Matchbox SB2C, even though its rear bulkhead was trimmed away so that it would fit into the new cowling. The latter came from an Italeri La-5FN, cut off long time ago from another conversion project, and I added a carburetor/oil cooler fairing underneath. Inside of the new engine I implanted a styrene tube which attaches the engine to the fuselage and also takes the metal axis of the new propeller, a (rather clumsy) donor from a Matchbox Douglas A-20G. The whole package works well, though, and gives the PZL.23 a more modern and different look.

 

A late modification is the glasshouse for the rear gunner. Since the PZL.23 offered considerable comfort for its crew, at least for pilot and observer, I thought that a closed rear position would make sense. I found an old rear gunner station glaizing from a vintage Airfix B-17G in the stash, and with some tailoring (including an opening for the OOB manual machine gun) the piece could be inserted into the fuselage opening. Small gaps were left, but these were simply filled with white glue. I think this was a good move, since it changes the PZL.23’s profile a little.

 

Other small cosmetic changes include the machine guns instead of the original large landing lights on the spats, an additional antenna mast and a cranked pitot, made from brass wire. Furthermore, I added small underwing bomb pylons and a ventral hardpoint with a scratched swing arm and a 500 lb iron bomb from an Academy kit.

  

Painting and markings:

For proper anachronism and some color in the shelf, I wanted the SBG to be a pre-WWII aircraft in the USN’s bright “Yellow Wings” markings, just like the Ju 87 mentioned above. As a slight twist, the fuselage was finished in all-over Light Gull Grey (FS 36440, Humbrol 40) instead of a NMF – some aircraft like F4Bs were finished this way, even though some fabric-covered parts were still painted with alu dope. In 1940, however, the bright colors would be replaced by a uniform light grey livery with subdued markings, anyway.

 

The aircraft’s individual markings were a bit tricky, because the USN has a very complicated color code system to identify not only the carrier to which an aircraft would belong, color markings would also identify the individual aircraft within a full squadron of 18 aircraft and its six sections. I won’t go into details, but I chose to depict the lead aircraft of section two of the scout bomber squadron on board of USS Enterprise.

 

For this carrier, the tail surfaces became blue (I used Modelmaster French Blue for the authentic “True Blue”), while the 2nd section had white aircraft markings on fuselage and wings. The lead aircraft (connected with the individual aircraft code “4”) had a full ring marking around the cowling. The fuselage band seems to be rather optional on bomber aircraft (more frequent on fighters?), but I eventually decided to add it - pictures suggest that probably only lead aircraft of a Section in the scout or torpedo squadrons carried this marking?

Like the cowling ring, it was painted with white and then black borders were added with decal strips. The wings were painted with Revell 310 (Lufthansa Yellow, RAL 1028), which is a pretty rich tone, and the section markings on top of them were fully created with decal material, a white 5mm stripe over a black 6mm stripe on each wing.

The aircraft’s tactical code was created from single US 45° numbers; the “S” had to be scratched from an “8”, since the decal sheet did not contain letters… Other decals were gathered from the scrap box and improvised.

 

After the free-standing exhaust pipes had been fixed, the kit received a light weathering treatment and was finally sealed with a coat of semi-matt acrylic varnish (Italeri semi-gloss with some matt varnish added).

  

A colorful aircraft model, and the transformation from a Polish light bomber into an American armed scout aircraft worked well – for an interesting result with that anachronistic touch that many interwar designs carried. However, even though the conversion has been conceptually successful, I am not happy with the finish. The glossy Humbrol paints I used refused to cure properly, and the decals were also not without problems (e.g. when you realize that the roundels you wanted to use had a poor opacity, so that the yellow underneath shines blatantly through). But despite a lot of improvisation, the outcome is quite O.K.

 

Production Date: September 1904

Source Type: Photograph

Printer, Publisher, Photographer: Unknown

Postmark: Not Applicable

Collection: Steven R. Shook

Remark: The small community of Joseph, Idaho, no longer exists. It was located approximately three miles northeast of the Snake River - the border between Idaho and Oregon. The land in the immediate area around Joseph was primarily used to raise livestock.

 

On the reverse of this photograph is written in pencil: "First School in Joseph Sept 1904 Miss Nellie Gilbert, teacher."

 

The following description of Joseph, Idaho, appears in the book Idaho Chronology, Nomenclature, Bibliography, published in 1918:

 

"JOSEPH, Idaho county. -- Named for Chief Joseph of the Non-Treaty Nez Perces (q. v.). Most things, among whites, that are mysterious or weird are named for the Devil, as 'Seven Devils," or his above, 'Hell,' as 'Hellgate.' Hundreds of geographical names are thus derived. Likewise, anything that is mysterious or weird to the Indian mind is designated 'Thunder,' as in 'Thunder Mountain (q. v.). Joseph possessing a somber nature was designated accordingly, so that his Indian name, 'Hinmaton,' meant in English, 'The thunder that passes through the earth and water.' 'Joseph' was a baptismal name given Chief Joseph's father by Rev. Henry Splading (q. v.) and it became a tribal name to him who should succeed to chieftainship. In the Nez Perce War of 1877 he was war chief of the tribe and after their defeat by Gen. O. O. Howard at the battle of Clearwater, he advised his tribe to remain upon the lands of their inheritance and fight it out there, giving up their lives only on the soil of their homes. But other council prevailed. He then led the tribe, consisting of men, women and children, a distance of 1500 miles, it requiring the services of forty companies of soldiers and hundreds of volunteers and scouts for three months to capture them, and so masterly was this retreat conducted that he became known as the 'Xenophon of the red men' Afterwards he became reconciled to civilization and discouraged the vices and aided in the education of his tribe, yet it is said that he was ofttimes seen to brood over his campfires as if he observed some mournful scene within its consuming flames. The account of this war and its results by the Indians of this tribe is very pathetic and is quite beyond description. -- HANDBOOK of American Indians"

 

Source:

Rees, John R. 1918. Idaho: Chronology Nomenclature Bibliography. Chicago, Illinois: W. B. McConkey Company. 125 p. [see p. 83]

 

Copyright 2022. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.

BARTHOLOMEW & McCLELLAND

DRY GOODS BOOTS SHOES

&C

IND.

VALPARAISO.

 

THE FLAG OF OUR UNION

1863

 

Date: 1863

Source Type: Civil War token

Publisher, Printer, Photographer: Bartholomew & McClelland; token manufactured by Henry Darius Higgins of Mishawaka, Indiana

Postmark: Not applicable

Collection: Steven R. Shook

Remark: During the American Civil War, coins issued by the government began to experience a severe decrease in circulation as citizens hoarded coins containing gold, silver, and copper. As a result, transacting business became increasingly difficult as the war progressed. Many merchants therefore contracted to have private minters produce tokens as a proxy for government issued coinage. Today, these tokens are referred to as "store cards."

 

H. A. Ratterman, of Cincinnati, Ohio, was the first merchant to circulate privately minted tokens during the fall of 1862. The United States Congress, however, banned the usage of non-government issued coins on June 8, 1864, when it enacted 18 U.S.C. § 486; this law made the minting and usage of privately minted coins illegal and punishable by a prison term of up to five years, a fine of up to $2,000, or both.

 

In Valparaiso, the dry goods merchants Bartholomew & McClelland issued two types of copper tokens. Both types have one side that is nearly identical, reading "BARTHOLOMEW & McCLELLAND - DRY GOODS - VALPARAISO, IND. - BOOTS SHOES &c." One version of the token has a reverse side reading "UNITED STATES CAPITAL 1863" and includes an image of the capitol building in Washington, D.C. and eight stars; note that this misspells Valparaiso as Valpariso.

 

The other version of the token, which is the rarer of the two, has a reverse side reading "THE FLAG OF OUR UNION 1863" and includes an image of the American flag with a Liberty cap atop the flag pole and thirteen stars.

 

The capital and flag designs are attributed to Henry Darius Higgins, an optician from Mishawaka, St. Joseph County, Indiana. Higgins was apparently a craftsman. Besides eyeglasses, he produced sinking dies for tokens, barometers, false teeth, and guns. Due to his tokens' homemade appearance, they are commonly referred to today as "Indiana Primitives." Higgins produced tokens for merchants located in northern Indiana and southern Michigan, and they were produced in very limited quantities. As a result, most of Higgins' token are quite scarce.

 

Artillus V. Bartholomew and Marquis L. McClelland formed a partnership in the dry goods business in Valparaiso in 1862, a partnership that continued for four years when McClelland left the partnership to become the cashier of the First National Bank of Valparaiso. Bartholomew continued in the dry goods business for many years after the dissolution of the partnership, forming a business partnership with Valparaiso residents Stephen Finney and Claus Specht.

 

This token appears in tokencatalog.com, the premier source for token information.

 

⦿ Fuld No. IN915A-1a; rarity R7 (10 to 20 examples known to exist)

⦿ Unlisted in Wagaman

⦿ Token Catalog No. 457085

 

Sources:

Blickensderfer, Scott. 2008. Bartholomew & McClelland, Valparaiso, Indiana. The Civil War Token Journal 42(1):11-33.

 

Fuld, George, and Melvin Fuld. 1975. U.S. Civil War Store Card. Second Edition. Lawrence, Massachusetts: Quarterman Publications, Inc. 615 p.

 

Wagaman, Lloyd E. 1981. Indiana Trade Tokens. Fairfield, Ohio: Indiana-Kentucky-Ohio Token and Medal Society. 302 p.

 

TokenCatalog.com

 

Copyright 2019. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.

+++ DISCLAIMER +++

Nothing you see here is real, even though the conversion or the presented background story might be based on historical facts. BEWARE!

  

Some background:

During the interwar period, the U.S. Navy Command had placed considerable emphasis upon the role of armed aerial reconnaissance aircraft. To meet this interest, during 1931, the young Great Lakes Aircraft Company (founded in 1929 in Cleveland, Ohio) decided to embark on the development of a new naval combat aircraft to meet this role. The new aircraft, which was designated as the SBG, was a relatively modern all-metal design, even though some conservative traits like a fixed landing gear were kept.

 

The SBG was a low-wing cantilever monoplane, featuring all-metal, metal-covered construction. The crew of three consisted of a pilot, a bombardier and a rear gunner. The bombardier's combat station was situated in a gondola underneath the hull. The pilot was positioned well forward in the fuselage with an excellent field of view, within a fully enclosed, air-conditioned and heated cockpit, while the observer was seated directly behind him and could descend into the ventral gondola during applicable parts of a given mission, where he had an unobstructed field of view underneath the aircraft. A lookout station at the gondola’s front end could be outfitted with a bombsight.

 

The fixed undercarriage was covered with spats and comprised a pair of cantilever struts and single tail wheel, all of which were outfitted with pneumatic shock absorbers. One of the more unusual features of the SBG was the design of its three-piece low-mounted wing: In order to produce a wing that was both light and strong, the wing construction combined a revolutionary heavy-gauge corrugated duralumin center box and a multi-cellular trailing edge, along with a partially stressed exterior skin composed of duralumin. It was one of the earliest implementations of a metal sandwich structure in the field of aviation. Furthermore, the wings could, for storage on carriers, be manually folded back, just outside of the landing gear.

 

The fuselage of the SBG had an oval-section structure, composed of a mixture of duralumin frames and stringers, which were strengthened via several struts on the middle section. The fuselage exterior was covered with smooth duralumin sheet, which was internally reinforced in some areas by corrugated sheeting. The rear fuselage featured a semi-monocoque structure. A cantilever structure composed of ribs and spars was used for the tail unit; fin and tail plane were covered by duralumin sheeting, while the rudder and elevators had finely corrugated exterior surfaces.

 

The SBG’s original powerplant was a Pratt & Whitney R-1830-64 Twin Wasp radial engine of 850 hp (630 kW). The aircraft's offensive payload consisted of bombs. These were carried externally underneath the fuselage and the wings, using racks; the maximum load was a single 1,935 lb. (878 kg) Bliss-Leavitt Mark 13 aerial torpedo or 1,500 lb. (700 kg) of bombs, including a single 1,000 lb. (450 kg) bomb under the fuselage and up to 200 lb. under the outer wings.

The SBG was also armed with several machine guns, including rearward-facing defensive ventral and dorsal positions, each outfitted with a manual .30 in (7.62 mm) Browning machine gun. Another fixed machine gun fired, synchronized with the engine, forward through the propeller arc.

 

The first XSBG-1 prototype, which was christened “Prion” by Great Lakes, was ready in early 1934 and made its maiden flight on 2nd of April. While the aircraft handled well, esp. at low speed, thanks to generously dimensioned flaps, it soon became clear that it was seriously underpowered. Therefore, Great Lakes tried to incorporate a more powerful engine. The choice fell on the new Pratt & Whitney R-2180-A Twin Hornet. However, the bigger and heavier engine called for considerable changes to the engine mount and the cowling. The R-2180 also precluded the fixed machine gun, so it was, together with the synchronization gearbox, deleted. Instead, a pair of .30 in machine guns were added to the spats, which were deepened in order to take the weapons and the magazines.

 

Furthermore, the heavier engine shifted the aircraft’s center of gravity forward, so that the tail section had to be lengthened by roughly 1’ and the tail surfaces were enlarged, too. Various other alterations were made to the wings, including the adoption of more effective slotted ailerons, improved flaps and center-section slots. The latter feature served to smooth the airflow over the tail when flown at high angles of incidence. However, despite these changes, the SBG’s good handling did not suffer, and the modified XSBG-2 took to the air for the first time in late 1935, with a much better performance.

 

Satisfied with the changes, the US Navy's Bureau of Aeronautics (BuAer) placed an initial order for 54 SBG-2s in 1936 with the aircraft entering service during 1938, serving on USS Yorktown and Enterprise. However, faults were discovered with the Mark XIII torpedo at this point. Many were seen to hit the target yet failed to explode; there was also a tendency to run deeper than the set depth. It took over a year for the defects to be corrected. Another problem of the SBG when carrying the torpedo was the aimer’s position, which was located directly behind the weapon and obstructed the bomb aimer’s field of view forward. When deploying bombs from higher altitudes, this was not a problem at all, but as a consequence the SBG rarely carried torpedoes. Therefore, a second order of 48 aircraft (designated SBG-3) were pure bombers. These lacked any torpedo equipment, but they received a ventral displacement yoke that allowed to deploy bombs in a shallow dive and release them outside of the propeller arc. Furthermore, the bomb aimer/observer station received a more generous glazing, improving the field of view and offering the prone crewman in this position more space and comfort. Another modification was the reinforcement of the underwing hardpoints, so that these could now carry stores of up to 325 lb each or, alternatively, drop tanks. While the total payload was not changed, the SBG-3 could carry and deploy up to three depth charges against submarines, and the extended range was a welcome asset for reconnaissance missions.

 

In prewar use, SBG units were engaged in training and other operational activities and were gradually approaching the end of their useful service life with at least one aircraft being converted to target tug duty. By 1940, the US Navy was aware that the SBG had become outclassed by the fighters and bombers of other nations and a replacement was in the works, but it was not yet in service when the US entered World War II. By then, attrition had reduced their numbers to just over 60 aircraft, and with the arrival of the Curtiss SB2C “Helldiver” in December 1942, the obsolete SBGs were retired.

  

General characteristics:

Crew: 3

Length: 31 ft 9 in (9.682 m)

Wingspan: 45 ft 9 in (13.95 m)

Height: 10 ft 10 in (3.3 m)

Wing area: 288 sq ft (26.8 m²)

Empty weight: 4,251 lb. (1,928 kg)

Gross weight: 6,378 - 6,918 lb. (2,893 - 3,138 kg) for reconnaissance missions

7,705 - 7,773 lb (3,495 - 3,526 kg) for bombing missions

Fuel capacity: 200 US gal (740 l; 160 imp gal) in six wing tanks plus

7.9 US gal (30 l; 6.6 imp gal) in a gravity feed collector tank in the fuselage

18 US gal (70 l; 15 imp gal) of engine oil was also carried in a forward fuselage tank

 

Powerplant:

1 × Pratt & Whitney R-2180-A Twin Hornet 14 cylinder radial engine with 1,200 hp (865 kW),

driving a 3-bladed Hamilton-Standard Hydromatic, 11 ft 3 in (3.43 m) diameter constant-speed

fully-feathering propeller

 

Performance:

Maximum speed: 245 mph (395 km/h, 213 kn) at 3,650 m (11,980 ft)

210 mph (338 km/h, 183 kn) at sea level

Stall speed: 110 km/h (68 mph, 59 kn)

Range: 1,260 km (780 mi, 680 nmi)

Service ceiling: 7,300 m (24,000 ft)

Time to altitude: 2,000 m (6,600 ft) in 4 minutes

4,000 m (13,000 ft) in 11 minutes 10 seconds

Wing loading: 116 kg/m² (24 lb/sq ft) to 130 kg/m2 (27 lb/sq ft)

Power/mass: 6.3–6.8 kg/kW (10.4–11.2 lb/hp)

 

Armament:

2x fixed forward firing 0.30 “ (7.62 mm) Browning machine guns in the spats, firing forward,

plus 2x flexibly mounted 0.30 “ (7.62 mm) Browning machine guns in ventral and dorsal positions

A total of up to 1,500 lb (700 kg) of bombs on hardpoints under the fuselage (max. 1.000 lb; the SCG-2

could carry a single Mk. XIII torpedo) and under the wings (max. 325 lb per hardpoint, SCG-2 only 200 lb)

  

The kit and its assembly:

I had the idea to convert a PZL.23 into a carrier-borne light bomber on the agenda for a long time and also already a Heller kit stashed away – but it took the “In the Navy” group build at whatifmodelers.com in early 2020 to dig everything out from the stash and start the hardware phase.

 

Originally, this was inspired by a picture of a Ju 87D with USN “Yellow wings” markings which I came across while doing online research. This looked really good, but since the USN would never have accepted a liquid-cooled engine on one of its pre-WWII aircraft, the concept had IMHO some flaws. When I came across the PZL.23 in another context, I found that the aircraft, with its cockpit placed well forward and the generous window area, could also be a good carrier-based recce/light bomber/torpedo aircraft? This was the conceptual birth of the SBG.

 

The basis is the vintage, original Heller kit of the PZL.23: a VERY nice kit. It has been crisply molded, fit is very good, and even the interior detail is decent, e.g. with a nice fuselage structure and dashboard. Surface details are raised but very fine, and the styrene is also easy to handle.

 

Basically the PZL.23 was built OOB. The only changes I made are a crew of three figures (all Matchbox WWII pilots, two of them with their heads in different directions), a tail wheel instead of the original skid, an opening for an arrester hook under the fin (there’s even plausible space available!) and a new engine: the PZL.23’s bulky 9 cylinder Jupiter radial engine with its generous cowling and the two-blade propeller was completely replaced. The engine dummy is actually a matching R-2600 and comes from a Matchbox SB2C, even though its rear bulkhead was trimmed away so that it would fit into the new cowling. The latter came from an Italeri La-5FN, cut off long time ago from another conversion project, and I added a carburetor/oil cooler fairing underneath. Inside of the new engine I implanted a styrene tube which attaches the engine to the fuselage and also takes the metal axis of the new propeller, a (rather clumsy) donor from a Matchbox Douglas A-20G. The whole package works well, though, and gives the PZL.23 a more modern and different look.

 

A late modification is the glasshouse for the rear gunner. Since the PZL.23 offered considerable comfort for its crew, at least for pilot and observer, I thought that a closed rear position would make sense. I found an old rear gunner station glaizing from a vintage Airfix B-17G in the stash, and with some tailoring (including an opening for the OOB manual machine gun) the piece could be inserted into the fuselage opening. Small gaps were left, but these were simply filled with white glue. I think this was a good move, since it changes the PZL.23’s profile a little.

 

Other small cosmetic changes include the machine guns instead of the original large landing lights on the spats, an additional antenna mast and a cranked pitot, made from brass wire. Furthermore, I added small underwing bomb pylons and a ventral hardpoint with a scratched swing arm and a 500 lb iron bomb from an Academy kit.

  

Painting and markings:

For proper anachronism and some color in the shelf, I wanted the SBG to be a pre-WWII aircraft in the USN’s bright “Yellow Wings” markings, just like the Ju 87 mentioned above. As a slight twist, the fuselage was finished in all-over Light Gull Grey (FS 36440, Humbrol 40) instead of a NMF – some aircraft like F4Bs were finished this way, even though some fabric-covered parts were still painted with alu dope. In 1940, however, the bright colors would be replaced by a uniform light grey livery with subdued markings, anyway.

 

The aircraft’s individual markings were a bit tricky, because the USN has a very complicated color code system to identify not only the carrier to which an aircraft would belong, color markings would also identify the individual aircraft within a full squadron of 18 aircraft and its six sections. I won’t go into details, but I chose to depict the lead aircraft of section two of the scout bomber squadron on board of USS Enterprise.

 

For this carrier, the tail surfaces became blue (I used Modelmaster French Blue for the authentic “True Blue”), while the 2nd section had white aircraft markings on fuselage and wings. The lead aircraft (connected with the individual aircraft code “4”) had a full ring marking around the cowling. The fuselage band seems to be rather optional on bomber aircraft (more frequent on fighters?), but I eventually decided to add it - pictures suggest that probably only lead aircraft of a Section in the scout or torpedo squadrons carried this marking?

Like the cowling ring, it was painted with white and then black borders were added with decal strips. The wings were painted with Revell 310 (Lufthansa Yellow, RAL 1028), which is a pretty rich tone, and the section markings on top of them were fully created with decal material, a white 5mm stripe over a black 6mm stripe on each wing.

The aircraft’s tactical code was created from single US 45° numbers; the “S” had to be scratched from an “8”, since the decal sheet did not contain letters… Other decals were gathered from the scrap box and improvised.

 

After the free-standing exhaust pipes had been fixed, the kit received a light weathering treatment and was finally sealed with a coat of semi-matt acrylic varnish (Italeri semi-gloss with some matt varnish added).

  

A colorful aircraft model, and the transformation from a Polish light bomber into an American armed scout aircraft worked well – for an interesting result with that anachronistic touch that many interwar designs carried. However, even though the conversion has been conceptually successful, I am not happy with the finish. The glossy Humbrol paints I used refused to cure properly, and the decals were also not without problems (e.g. when you realize that the roundels you wanted to use had a poor opacity, so that the yellow underneath shines blatantly through). But despite a lot of improvisation, the outcome is quite O.K.

 

I Have 15 Butters Available:

all are 2.50 each

   

Cocoa Butter

An aromatic solid butter pressed from the roasted seeds of the Cacao tree (Theobroma nucifera) and further processed to yield a warm color and delightful odor. Will soften at body temperature and adds a rich, creamy, and thick consistency to lotions, soaps, creams, and toiletry items to help reduce coetaneous dryness and for the improvement of skin elasticity. A soothing ingredient.

  

Kokum Butter

A highly prized and under-rated butter from the Garcinia tree. This naturally white and incredibly smooth butter has enormously high compositions of beneficial materials to help regenerate tired and worn skin cells and further supports elasticity and general flexibility of the skin wall. A great ingredient to add to healing lotions, creams, and body butters. It can be directly applied to the skin in its solid state, but it may require a mild amount of heating to improve applicability. Highly recommended to those that are crafting cosmetics with the intent of producing a skin healing end product.

  

Mango Butter

Cold pressed and rendered from the seed kernel of the Mango tree, this highly prized butter is an exceptional quality base ingredient for body care products and soap making recipes. Mango Butter has beneficial moisturizing properties for lotions and acts as a mild lubricant for the skin, and is very similar in color and texture as cocoa butter making it an exotic and fun alternative for toiletry products. Great source of essential fatty acids

  

India Sal Butter

Sal butter comes from a native and prominent tree in several parts of India and has similar properties to Mango butter but differing slightly is scent, and color. It is high in stearic and oleic acids and is wonderful for the skin because of its high emolliency properties and its exceptional oxidative stability. This is valuable for those of us who enjoy keeping our skin moist and protected from harsh elements. Has a low odor and is valuable as a cosmetic ingredient because of its pliability. It can be directly applied to the skin in its solid state, but it may require a mild amount of heating to improve applicability.

  

Shea Butter

This raw unrefined butter is derived from the vegetable fat of the Karite Tree. The first choice in natural skin care and fine body care products, this butter forms a breathable, water-resistant film and is the leading natural product for moisturizing. A wonderful base for cosmetic recipes or used as a stand alone application, this comes highly recommended for those concerned about naturally healthy skin. Our shea butter is hand harvested, expeller pressed and imported directly from the processor.

Extraction-

 

Aloe Butter

Aloe Butter is an extraction of Aloe Vera using a fatty coconut fraction to produce a soft solid, which melts on contact with the skin. It aids in rapid hydration of dry skin caused by eczema, psoriasis, rosacea, sunburn, windburn, and general chapping

 

Avocado Butter

Pure avocado butter is expeller crushed from the fresh flesh of the avocado fruit and then hydrogenated to yield a soft greenish butter. This is a much softer butter than any of the other butters. Avocado butter is a very rich, moisturizing treatment for the hair and skin, and it has some natural sunscreen properties. This butter can be a little heavy and greasy, but it is definitely worth it in small amounts. Avocado butter is a good butter.

 

Apricot Kernel Butter

Apricot kernel butter is obtained directly from apricot kernel oil, and it possesses all of the natural qualities of the oil. It moisturizes and soothes the skin and is suitable for mature or sensitive skin. It is a perfect choice for lip balms and body sticks. Apricot kernel oil can be added to soaps, creams, lotions, bath bombs and more.

 

Hemp Seed Butter

Hemp seed butter is made by combining the fatty fractions and unsaponifiables of cold pressed hemp seed oil with hydrogenated hemp seed oil obtained from unsterilized hemp seeds. The butter is exceptionally rich in essential fatty acids that nourish the skin and helps reduce moisture loss from the skin. Hemp seed butter is deep green in color and similar in feel to shea butter. It absorbs quickly into the skin and does not leave a greasy feel.

 

Sweet Almond Butter

Sweet almond butter is obtained from sweet almond oil and exhibits all of the natural qualities of sweet almond oil. It hydrates the skin and restores elasticity. It is a perfect choice for lip balms and body sticks for chapped skin and facial creams

 

Olive Butter

Olive butter is the butter obtained from cold pressed olives. The extracted oil undergoes a unique refining process to collect the unsaponifables. Olive butter possesses all of the natural qualities of olive oil and is similar in feel to shea butter. It has excellent spread ability and can be used as massage butter. It can be added to soap, creams, lotions, lip balms, body butters, hair pomades, and more. Olive butter can also be used "as is."

 

Vitamin E Butter

The most important and well-known biological function of vitamin E is related to its anti-oxidant properties. Internally, Vitamin E is the most effective anti-oxidant in the biological membrane. It protects cellular structures against damage from free radicals and the byproducts of fat per oxidation. It acts as a free radical scavenger to prevent the byproducts of chemical-cell interaction that causes cell damage. Vitamin E may help to decrease the toxicity of certain chemotherapy drugs.

 

When used topically, Vitamin E may decrease some of the harmful effects of solar radiation on the skin. It is commonly used in lotions or creams for burn treatment. It is also helpful to treat burns secondary to radiation therapy.

 

Vitamin E oil is often prescribed for topical use in pregnant women to prevent stretch marks on the abdomen. More recently, it has been used to prevent or treat mucositis resulting from chemotherapy. It can help heal acne, promote wound healing and prevent scarring from eczema or psoriasis. Topical vitamin E moisturizes the skin from within, reduces UV induced damage, helps to protect against ozone damage and decreases erythema (redness of the skin) after sun exposure. This makes it appropriate for use in sun care products including lip balms.

       

Jojoba Butter

Say hello to radiant, soft skin and hair with the new jojoba butter! This rare luxury butter is derived from the desert plant Simmondsia Chinesis and heals your skin without feeling greasy or sticky. Massage a few drops of the oil on the skin to heal lines, wrinkles, irritation while soothing and moisturizing your skin. You'll feel silky smooth and experience a beauty you may have never experienced otherwise! Use in hair to have a shiny, soft lustrous locks! Made in South Africa. Get the benefits now. Ingredients: Simmondsia chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil. Jojoba oil can help with dry, weak, brittle hair. It can be used in color-treated or permed hair and have the same results. Jojoba oil rids the scalp of dandruff, moisturizes dry hair, gets rid of fizz, detangles, repairs dry damaged hair, and adds shine and gloss. How you can use jojoba oil: As a leave in conditioner, place a small amount in your hair, rub your hands together and wipe the oil though your hair. You can either leave it in or wash it out with a mild shampoo. You can also add 2 tbsp. of jojoba oil into the bottle of your favorite shampoo. What jojoba oil can do for you: Moisturizes dry or flaky skin. Clears and minimizes pores while clearing skin of blemishes. Helps to prevent wrinkles and lines. Keeps skin soft, smooth and supple

 

Grape Seed Butter

Grape seed Butter is truly superb in every regard. It has a mild green color with a pleasant odor and great absorption rate. Generally employed as a base oil for many creams, lotions and as general carrier oil; Grape seed is especially useful for skin types that do not absorb oils too well, and it does not leave a greasy feeling. Wonderful for those with skin sensitivities because of its natural non-allergenic properties.

 

Virgin Coconut oil Butter

100% virgin coconut butter. This soft creamy butter moisturizes skin while fighting away wrinkles, blemishes, and chronic eczema. Virgin Coconut butter is a natural resistance against viruses, and weight loss. Imported

 

+++ DISCLAIMER +++

Nothing you see here is real, even though the conversion or the presented background story might be based on historical facts. BEWARE!

  

Some background:

During the interwar period, the U.S. Navy Command had placed considerable emphasis upon the role of armed aerial reconnaissance aircraft. To meet this interest, during 1931, the young Great Lakes Aircraft Company (founded in 1929 in Cleveland, Ohio) decided to embark on the development of a new naval combat aircraft to meet this role. The new aircraft, which was designated as the SBG, was a relatively modern all-metal design, even though some conservative traits like a fixed landing gear were kept.

 

The SBG was a low-wing cantilever monoplane, featuring all-metal, metal-covered construction. The crew of three consisted of a pilot, a bombardier and a rear gunner. The bombardier's combat station was situated in a gondola underneath the hull. The pilot was positioned well forward in the fuselage with an excellent field of view, within a fully enclosed, air-conditioned and heated cockpit, while the observer was seated directly behind him and could descend into the ventral gondola during applicable parts of a given mission, where he had an unobstructed field of view underneath the aircraft. A lookout station at the gondola’s front end could be outfitted with a bombsight.

 

The fixed undercarriage was covered with spats and comprised a pair of cantilever struts and single tail wheel, all of which were outfitted with pneumatic shock absorbers. One of the more unusual features of the SBG was the design of its three-piece low-mounted wing: In order to produce a wing that was both light and strong, the wing construction combined a revolutionary heavy-gauge corrugated duralumin center box and a multi-cellular trailing edge, along with a partially stressed exterior skin composed of duralumin. It was one of the earliest implementations of a metal sandwich structure in the field of aviation. Furthermore, the wings could, for storage on carriers, be manually folded back, just outside of the landing gear.

 

The fuselage of the SBG had an oval-section structure, composed of a mixture of duralumin frames and stringers, which were strengthened via several struts on the middle section. The fuselage exterior was covered with smooth duralumin sheet, which was internally reinforced in some areas by corrugated sheeting. The rear fuselage featured a semi-monocoque structure. A cantilever structure composed of ribs and spars was used for the tail unit; fin and tail plane were covered by duralumin sheeting, while the rudder and elevators had finely corrugated exterior surfaces.

 

The SBG’s original powerplant was a Pratt & Whitney R-1830-64 Twin Wasp radial engine of 850 hp (630 kW). The aircraft's offensive payload consisted of bombs. These were carried externally underneath the fuselage and the wings, using racks; the maximum load was a single 1,935 lb. (878 kg) Bliss-Leavitt Mark 13 aerial torpedo or 1,500 lb. (700 kg) of bombs, including a single 1,000 lb. (450 kg) bomb under the fuselage and up to 200 lb. under the outer wings.

The SBG was also armed with several machine guns, including rearward-facing defensive ventral and dorsal positions, each outfitted with a manual .30 in (7.62 mm) Browning machine gun. Another fixed machine gun fired, synchronized with the engine, forward through the propeller arc.

 

The first XSBG-1 prototype, which was christened “Prion” by Great Lakes, was ready in early 1934 and made its maiden flight on 2nd of April. While the aircraft handled well, esp. at low speed, thanks to generously dimensioned flaps, it soon became clear that it was seriously underpowered. Therefore, Great Lakes tried to incorporate a more powerful engine. The choice fell on the new Pratt & Whitney R-2180-A Twin Hornet. However, the bigger and heavier engine called for considerable changes to the engine mount and the cowling. The R-2180 also precluded the fixed machine gun, so it was, together with the synchronization gearbox, deleted. Instead, a pair of .30 in machine guns were added to the spats, which were deepened in order to take the weapons and the magazines.

 

Furthermore, the heavier engine shifted the aircraft’s center of gravity forward, so that the tail section had to be lengthened by roughly 1’ and the tail surfaces were enlarged, too. Various other alterations were made to the wings, including the adoption of more effective slotted ailerons, improved flaps and center-section slots. The latter feature served to smooth the airflow over the tail when flown at high angles of incidence. However, despite these changes, the SBG’s good handling did not suffer, and the modified XSBG-2 took to the air for the first time in late 1935, with a much better performance.

 

Satisfied with the changes, the US Navy's Bureau of Aeronautics (BuAer) placed an initial order for 54 SBG-2s in 1936 with the aircraft entering service during 1938, serving on USS Yorktown and Enterprise. However, faults were discovered with the Mark XIII torpedo at this point. Many were seen to hit the target yet failed to explode; there was also a tendency to run deeper than the set depth. It took over a year for the defects to be corrected. Another problem of the SBG when carrying the torpedo was the aimer’s position, which was located directly behind the weapon and obstructed the bomb aimer’s field of view forward. When deploying bombs from higher altitudes, this was not a problem at all, but as a consequence the SBG rarely carried torpedoes. Therefore, a second order of 48 aircraft (designated SBG-3) were pure bombers. These lacked any torpedo equipment, but they received a ventral displacement yoke that allowed to deploy bombs in a shallow dive and release them outside of the propeller arc. Furthermore, the bomb aimer/observer station received a more generous glazing, improving the field of view and offering the prone crewman in this position more space and comfort. Another modification was the reinforcement of the underwing hardpoints, so that these could now carry stores of up to 325 lb each or, alternatively, drop tanks. While the total payload was not changed, the SBG-3 could carry and deploy up to three depth charges against submarines, and the extended range was a welcome asset for reconnaissance missions.

 

In prewar use, SBG units were engaged in training and other operational activities and were gradually approaching the end of their useful service life with at least one aircraft being converted to target tug duty. By 1940, the US Navy was aware that the SBG had become outclassed by the fighters and bombers of other nations and a replacement was in the works, but it was not yet in service when the US entered World War II. By then, attrition had reduced their numbers to just over 60 aircraft, and with the arrival of the Curtiss SB2C “Helldiver” in December 1942, the obsolete SBGs were retired.

  

General characteristics:

Crew: 3

Length: 31 ft 9 in (9.682 m)

Wingspan: 45 ft 9 in (13.95 m)

Height: 10 ft 10 in (3.3 m)

Wing area: 288 sq ft (26.8 m²)

Empty weight: 4,251 lb. (1,928 kg)

Gross weight: 6,378 - 6,918 lb. (2,893 - 3,138 kg) for reconnaissance missions

7,705 - 7,773 lb (3,495 - 3,526 kg) for bombing missions

Fuel capacity: 200 US gal (740 l; 160 imp gal) in six wing tanks plus

7.9 US gal (30 l; 6.6 imp gal) in a gravity feed collector tank in the fuselage

18 US gal (70 l; 15 imp gal) of engine oil was also carried in a forward fuselage tank

 

Powerplant:

1 × Pratt & Whitney R-2180-A Twin Hornet 14 cylinder radial engine with 1,200 hp (865 kW),

driving a 3-bladed Hamilton-Standard Hydromatic, 11 ft 3 in (3.43 m) diameter constant-speed

fully-feathering propeller

 

Performance:

Maximum speed: 245 mph (395 km/h, 213 kn) at 3,650 m (11,980 ft)

210 mph (338 km/h, 183 kn) at sea level

Stall speed: 110 km/h (68 mph, 59 kn)

Range: 1,260 km (780 mi, 680 nmi)

Service ceiling: 7,300 m (24,000 ft)

Time to altitude: 2,000 m (6,600 ft) in 4 minutes

4,000 m (13,000 ft) in 11 minutes 10 seconds

Wing loading: 116 kg/m² (24 lb/sq ft) to 130 kg/m2 (27 lb/sq ft)

Power/mass: 6.3–6.8 kg/kW (10.4–11.2 lb/hp)

 

Armament:

2x fixed forward firing 0.30 “ (7.62 mm) Browning machine guns in the spats, firing forward,

plus 2x flexibly mounted 0.30 “ (7.62 mm) Browning machine guns in ventral and dorsal positions

A total of up to 1,500 lb (700 kg) of bombs on hardpoints under the fuselage (max. 1.000 lb; the SCG-2

could carry a single Mk. XIII torpedo) and under the wings (max. 325 lb per hardpoint, SCG-2 only 200 lb)

  

The kit and its assembly:

I had the idea to convert a PZL.23 into a carrier-borne light bomber on the agenda for a long time and also already a Heller kit stashed away – but it took the “In the Navy” group build at whatifmodelers.com in early 2020 to dig everything out from the stash and start the hardware phase.

 

Originally, this was inspired by a picture of a Ju 87D with USN “Yellow wings” markings which I came across while doing online research. This looked really good, but since the USN would never have accepted a liquid-cooled engine on one of its pre-WWII aircraft, the concept had IMHO some flaws. When I came across the PZL.23 in another context, I found that the aircraft, with its cockpit placed well forward and the generous window area, could also be a good carrier-based recce/light bomber/torpedo aircraft? This was the conceptual birth of the SBG.

 

The basis is the vintage, original Heller kit of the PZL.23: a VERY nice kit. It has been crisply molded, fit is very good, and even the interior detail is decent, e.g. with a nice fuselage structure and dashboard. Surface details are raised but very fine, and the styrene is also easy to handle.

 

Basically the PZL.23 was built OOB. The only changes I made are a crew of three figures (all Matchbox WWII pilots, two of them with their heads in different directions), a tail wheel instead of the original skid, an opening for an arrester hook under the fin (there’s even plausible space available!) and a new engine: the PZL.23’s bulky 9 cylinder Jupiter radial engine with its generous cowling and the two-blade propeller was completely replaced. The engine dummy is actually a matching R-2600 and comes from a Matchbox SB2C, even though its rear bulkhead was trimmed away so that it would fit into the new cowling. The latter came from an Italeri La-5FN, cut off long time ago from another conversion project, and I added a carburetor/oil cooler fairing underneath. Inside of the new engine I implanted a styrene tube which attaches the engine to the fuselage and also takes the metal axis of the new propeller, a (rather clumsy) donor from a Matchbox Douglas A-20G. The whole package works well, though, and gives the PZL.23 a more modern and different look.

 

A late modification is the glasshouse for the rear gunner. Since the PZL.23 offered considerable comfort for its crew, at least for pilot and observer, I thought that a closed rear position would make sense. I found an old rear gunner station glaizing from a vintage Airfix B-17G in the stash, and with some tailoring (including an opening for the OOB manual machine gun) the piece could be inserted into the fuselage opening. Small gaps were left, but these were simply filled with white glue. I think this was a good move, since it changes the PZL.23’s profile a little.

 

Other small cosmetic changes include the machine guns instead of the original large landing lights on the spats, an additional antenna mast and a cranked pitot, made from brass wire. Furthermore, I added small underwing bomb pylons and a ventral hardpoint with a scratched swing arm and a 500 lb iron bomb from an Academy kit.

  

Painting and markings:

For proper anachronism and some color in the shelf, I wanted the SBG to be a pre-WWII aircraft in the USN’s bright “Yellow Wings” markings, just like the Ju 87 mentioned above. As a slight twist, the fuselage was finished in all-over Light Gull Grey (FS 36440, Humbrol 40) instead of a NMF – some aircraft like F4Bs were finished this way, even though some fabric-covered parts were still painted with alu dope. In 1940, however, the bright colors would be replaced by a uniform light grey livery with subdued markings, anyway.

 

The aircraft’s individual markings were a bit tricky, because the USN has a very complicated color code system to identify not only the carrier to which an aircraft would belong, color markings would also identify the individual aircraft within a full squadron of 18 aircraft and its six sections. I won’t go into details, but I chose to depict the lead aircraft of section two of the scout bomber squadron on board of USS Enterprise.

 

For this carrier, the tail surfaces became blue (I used Modelmaster French Blue for the authentic “True Blue”), while the 2nd section had white aircraft markings on fuselage and wings. The lead aircraft (connected with the individual aircraft code “4”) had a full ring marking around the cowling. The fuselage band seems to be rather optional on bomber aircraft (more frequent on fighters?), but I eventually decided to add it - pictures suggest that probably only lead aircraft of a Section in the scout or torpedo squadrons carried this marking?

Like the cowling ring, it was painted with white and then black borders were added with decal strips. The wings were painted with Revell 310 (Lufthansa Yellow, RAL 1028), which is a pretty rich tone, and the section markings on top of them were fully created with decal material, a white 5mm stripe over a black 6mm stripe on each wing.

The aircraft’s tactical code was created from single US 45° numbers; the “S” had to be scratched from an “8”, since the decal sheet did not contain letters… Other decals were gathered from the scrap box and improvised.

 

After the free-standing exhaust pipes had been fixed, the kit received a light weathering treatment and was finally sealed with a coat of semi-matt acrylic varnish (Italeri semi-gloss with some matt varnish added).

  

A colorful aircraft model, and the transformation from a Polish light bomber into an American armed scout aircraft worked well – for an interesting result with that anachronistic touch that many interwar designs carried. However, even though the conversion has been conceptually successful, I am not happy with the finish. The glossy Humbrol paints I used refused to cure properly, and the decals were also not without problems (e.g. when you realize that the roundels you wanted to use had a poor opacity, so that the yellow underneath shines blatantly through). But despite a lot of improvisation, the outcome is quite O.K.

 

Photographer: Ikwan H

Model; Lisa

MUA: Rachel

Location: Studio Company

 

WARNING: ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. UNAUTHORIZED DUPLICATION IS A VIOLATION OF APPLICABLE LAWS.

   

Copyright © John G. Lidstone, all rights reserved.

You are warned: DO NOT STEAL or RE-POST THIS PHOTO.

It is an offence under law if you remove my copyright marking, or post this image anywhere else without my express written permission.

If you do, and I find out, you WILL be reported for copyright infringement action to the host platform and/or group applicable.

The same applies to all of my images.

My copyright is also embedded in the image metadata.

   

Crew / Passengers Rank - if applicable Position e.g. Pilot Status

Jack Sherwood Thompson Flight Sergeant Pilot Killed

Peter Maurice Maskell Flight Lieutenant Navigator Killed

Robert Smith Flight Sergeant Signaller Killed

Vincent Graham Flight Sergeant Flight Engineer Killed

William Allen Love Sergeant Signaller Killed

Thomas Iowerth Johnson Flight Lieutenant Instructor Killed

David William Henry Harris Flight Sergeant Instructor Killed

  

The crew had taken off from RAF Lindholme near Doncaster during the night of the 20th December for a Night Familiarisation exercise, this was to have been largely local flying. At just after midnight on the 21st the aircraft was heard flying east over Tintwhistle in low cloud, followed by the sound of it crashing. The aircraft burst into flames and was more or less gutted by fire. One of the crewmen had survived the crash and was found alive by the first local residents to reach the crash site but he died shortly afterwards.

 

The recorded details of the crash are very brief but they state that the aircraft was meant to remain in the area around Lindholme but had strayed too far towards the west without the pilot becoming aware. He had begun his let down procedure when the aircraft flew into the hill.

Text by kind permission of Alan L Clark www.peakdistrictaircrashes.co.uk

G. M. Howell's Thresher

Albion, Wash.

Sept. 15, '09

 

Date: September 15, 1909

Source Type: Photograph

Printer, Publisher, Photographer: Flower and Son

Postmark: Not Applicable

Collection: Steven R. Shook

Remark: This photograph is titled and dated as written above.

 

George M. Howell homesteaded land approximately one mile west of Albion, Whitman County, Washington. Howell's farm consisted of 400 acres, which included the North Half of Section 8 (320 acres) and the North Half of the Southeast Quarter of Section 8 (80 acres), both located in Township 15 North, Range 44 West.

 

At one point in time, Howell owned the hotel in Albion, Hotel Albion, which burnt to the ground on February 21, 1910, as well as a store retailing farming implements and supplies, also located in Albion.

 

Howell was granted a U.S. government land patent on the South Half of the Northeast Quarter of Section 8 and the North Half of the Southeast Quarter of Section 8, a total of 160 acres, on June 1, 1882. He received a second land patent on the North Half of the Northeast Quarter of Section 8 and the East Half of the Northwest Quarter of Section 8, also consisting of 160 acres, on October 11, 1888. Given that it took at least five years to "prove up" a land claim under the Homestead Act of 1862, Howell was living in Section 8 as early as June 1877.

 

The Howell farm was located north of where present day [2014] Albion Road and Hoffman Road intersect.

 

George M. Howell and his household appear in the 1900 U.S. Federal Census for the Guy Precinct in Whitman County, Washington; Guy was the former name of the town of Albion. They are listed as Follows:

 

George Howell, age 56, born April 1844 in England, immigrated to U.S. in 1848, and occupation is listed as farmer.

 

Juliette E. Howell, wife of George, age 47, born March 1853 in New York.

 

Albert E. Howell, son of George, age 24, born August 1875 in Wisconsin, occupation is listed as farm laborer.

 

Julia A. Howell, daughter of George, age 21, born January 1879 in Washington.

 

Herbert C. Howell, son of George, age 19, born January 1881 in Washington, occupation is listed as school.

 

Myrtle E. Howell, son [daughter?] of George, age 14, born December 1885 in Washington, occupation is listed as school.

 

Rolin M. G.. Howell, son of George, age 8, born May 1892 in Washington.

 

Alma V. Howell, daughter of George, age 5, born July 1894 in Washington.

 

John A. Gleason, employee of George, age 26, born June 1873 in Michigan, occupation is listed as farm laborer.

 

George R. Hart, employee of George, age 31, born March 1869 in Wisconsin, occupation is listed as farm laborer.

 

George is buried in the Albion Cemetery, his tombstone indicating a date of birth of 1845 and a date of death of 1929. He shares his tombstone with his wife Juliette, who was born in 1852 and died in 1920. Alma V. Howell (1894-1927), daughter of George and Juliette, is also inscribed this tombstone and presumably is buried with her parents.

 

Copyright 2014. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.

Copyright © John G. Lidstone, all rights reserved.

You are warned: DO NOT STEAL or RE-POST THIS PHOTO.

It is an offence under law if you remove my copyright marking, or post this image anywhere else without my express written permission.

If you do, and I find out, you WILL be reported for copyright infringement action to the host platform and/or group applicable.

The same applies to all of my images.

My copyright is also embedded in the image metadata.

Striking a New Balance

Renewing and Reviewing the PATRIOT Act

 

Full Event Video:

www.americanprogressaction.org/events/2009/10/PatriotAct....

 

“The expiration this year of several provisions of the 2001 USA PATRIOT Act…has prompted fresh debate in Congress over the appropriate balance of counterterrorism authorities for U.S. law enforcement agencies and the need to preserve American civil liberties and privacy,” said Rudy deLeon, Senior Vice President for National Security and International Policy at a Center for American Progress Action Fund event last Tuesday.

 

In light of the PATRIOT Act debate the Action Fund hosted a discussion with Representative Jane Harman (D-CA) and Ken Gude, Associate Director of CAP Action’s International Rights and Responsibility program, about how the government could ensure national security without compromising civil liberties.

 

Controversial items in the PATRIOT Act up for debate this year include the ease of access to business records, roving wire tapping provisions applicable to today’s digital technology, and surveillance of individual or “lone wolf” suspects who are unconnected to any terrorist organization. The panelists discussed the effectiveness of these provisions and whether they violated an individual’s right to privacy.

 

Rep. Harman has served as a member of the House Intelligence Committee for eight years and is currently chair of the Homeland Security Subcommittee on Intelligence and Terrorism Risk Assessment. She explained that a strong national security system could not come at the expense of civil liberties. “Security and liberty are reinforcing values…it’s not more of one and less at the other—it’s more of both or less of both.”

 

Rep. Harman lauded the Obama administration for its national security policies, but she said further steps are necessary. She praised President Barack Obama’s commitment to closing Guantanamo Bay detention camp, too, and his limiting the overclassification of material by the Homeland Security department. But she called for more debates over State Secrets Privilege—a legal precedent under which a court is asked to omit evidence based on government affidavit stating that court proceedings might release information that could jeopardize national security.

 

Harman commended the current House version of PATRIOT Act revisions because it would prohibit a person’s reading habits from being used as evidence of terrorist activity or intent.The bill would also change the target of a roving wiretap to a single individual rather than a single phone. Rep. Harman pointed out that the current rules are incongruent with new technology that allows a person to use disposable cell phones. New technology has made the need for a court order on every tapped phone inefficient.

 

Gude supported the expiration of the Lone Wolf Provision, which allows Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act investigations of lone terrorists that are not connected to a specific organization. He explained that FISA was created to monitor people connected to foreign powers or terrorist groups and therefore the threshold for obtaining a surveillance warrant was lower. He and Rep. Harman agreed that the Lone Wolf Provision leaves individuals vulnerable to a violation of privacy by the government.

 

Gude explained that his objection to the Lone Wolf Provision isn’t that the government should be prohibited from conducting surveillance on individuals. However, he thought traditional criminal wiretaps were more appropriate when no evidence links the person to a foreign terrorist group.

 

Harman said that now “we have the opportunity to debate new rules in a new environment” since after 9/11, legislators did not take time to “get [counterterrorism] laws right.” She spoke about to the “authorization to use military force” on groups connected to 9/11 that “gave the president the right to act unilaterally.” She called for a new balance of power between branches of government regarding national security issues, and said that the laws after 9/11 gave the president too much power to make counterterrorism decisions without congressional or public debate.

 

In the spirit of checks and balances, Gude said there was hope for bipartisan consensus on counterterrorism reforms. “On an issue like this there is probably more room for bipartisan commitment than on almost any other issue on the Hill right now,” he said. Gude and Rep. Harman recognized a need for robust debate and strong cooperation on national security reform. Rep. Harman noted that “the terrorists are not going to check our party registration before they blow us up, so we really better be in this together.”

 

Department of Mythology

 

© 2006 2018 Photo by Lloyd Thrap Photography

for Halo Media Group

All works subject to applicable copyright laws. This intellectual property MAY NOT BE DOWNLOADED except by normal viewing process of the browser. The intellectual property may not be copied to another computer, transmitted , published, reproduced, stored, manipulated, projected, or altered in any way, including without limitation any digitization or synthesizing of the images, alone or with any other material, by use of computer or other electronic means or any other method or means now or hereafter known, without the written permission of Lloyd Thrap and payment of a fee or arrangement thereof.

 

No images are within Public Domain. Use of any image as the basis for another photographic concept or illustration is a violation of copyright.

Lloyd Thrap's Public Portfolio

 

Facebook Lloyd-Thrap-Creative-Photography

 

Albuquerque photographers. Artist and good guy. DIGITAL CAMERA

Date: 1902

Source Type: Photograph

Printer, Publisher, Photographer: Unknown

Postmark: Not Applicable

Collection: Steven R. Shook

Remark: It is believed that this photograph shows road construction taking place on Albion Road between U.S. Route 195 and Albion, Washington, near what was known as the George Howell farm. The photograph was part of a collection of photographs of the George Howell farm.

 

Written in ink on the reverse of this photograph is the following:

 

Building Roads near Ranch - 1902

 

Copyright 2014. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.

Crew / Passengers Rank - if applicable Position e.g. Pilot Status

Jack Sherwood Thompson Flight Sergeant Pilot Killed

Peter Maurice Maskell Flight Lieutenant Navigator Killed

Robert Smith Flight Sergeant Signaller Killed

Vincent Graham Flight Sergeant Flight Engineer Killed

William Allen Love Sergeant Signaller Killed

Thomas Iowerth Johnson Flight Lieutenant Instructor Killed

David William Henry Harris Flight Sergeant Instructor Killed

 

The crew had taken off from RAF Lindholme near Doncaster during the night of the 20th December for a Night Familiarisation exercise, this was to have been largely local flying. At just after midnight on the 21st the aircraft was heard flying east over Tintwhistle in low cloud, followed by the sound of it crashing. The aircraft burst into flames and was more or less gutted by fire. One of the crewmen had survived the crash and was found alive by the first local residents to reach the crash site but he died shortly afterwards.

 

The recorded details of the crash are very brief but they state that the aircraft was meant to remain in the area around Lindholme but had strayed too far towards the west without the pilot becoming aware. He had begun his let down procedure when the aircraft flew into the hill.

Text by kind permission of Alan L Clark www.peakdistrictaircrashes.co.uk

A 26 horse power Harvester, near Colfax, Wash.

 

Date: Circa 1900

Source Type: Stereocard

Publisher, Printer, Photographer: O. W. Watson Company

Postmark: Not Applicable

Collection: Steven R. Shook

Remark: Ink stamped on the reverse of this stereocard is "Daniel Best, Baby Junior, operated on Frank Schreiber's ranch near Colfax, Wa."

 

Daniel Best refers to the Best Manufacturing Company, which was formed in 1871 by Daniel Best. The company manufactured combine harvesters; the Baby Junior was one model produced and sold by the company. The Best Manufacturing Company was acquired by the Holt Manufacturing Company in 1908. In 1925 both the Best Manufacturing Company and the Holt Manufacturing Company would come under the ownership of Caterpillar Tractor Company.

 

According to the 1895 Atlas of Whitman County, Washington published by J. L. Smith of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, H. F. Schreiber owned 960 acres approximately six miles directly west of Colfax, Whitman County, Washington. All of this land was located in Township 16 North Range 42 East, specifically:

 

• S½ of Section 11 (320 acres)

• NW¼ of Section 14 (160 acres)

• W½ of NE¼ of Section 14 (80 acres)

• W½ of SW¼ of Section 14 (80 acres)

• NE¼ of Section 15 (160 acres)

• W½ of NW¼ of Section 23 (80 acres)

• N½ of SW¼ of Section 23 (80 acres)

 

Copyright 2017. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.

STATE OF INDIANA

No. 6197 B

THE LA PORTE & PLYMOUTH

PLANK ROAD COMPANY

Will pay ONE DOLLAR to bearer

in current Bank Notes,

on demand. LA PORTE,

June 3, 1857

E, L. Bennett, Cashr. O. P. Ludlow, Pres.

 

Countersigned,

E. S. Organ

Trustee

 

Date: June 3, 1857

Source Type: Obsolete Scrip

Publisher, Printer, Photographer: Danforth, Wright & Co., New York & Philada.

Postmark: Not Applicable

Collection: Steven R. Shook

Remark: This obsolete scrip is listed in Wolka et al. as 386-1 with a rarity of R-4 and Wolka as 1210-02 with a rarity of R-4. The rarity scale ranges from R-1 to R-7, with R-4 indicating that only twenty-six to fifty specimens of a scrip are known to exist.

 

Two notices appear in Plymouth's Marshall County Democrat mentioning the use of these notes. One notice from the Marshall County Treasurer published March 13, 1856, indicates that the LaPorte & Plymouth Plank Road notes "will not be received for taxes." Another notice, published on March 4, 1858, by the company Brooke & Evans calls on all credit extended by the company to be paid up and concludes with "P. S. -- Laporte & Plymouth Plank Road money will be received at par."

 

The following is taken from A Twentieth Century History and Biographical Record of LaPorte County, Indiana (1904, p. 136-137):

 

"OLIVER PERRY LUDLOW was born in Dearborn county, Indiana, November 18, 1814, and was the son of Stephen and Lena Ludlow, who were natives of the eastern states. After a common school education Mr. Ludlow took up the occupation of his father, that of farming, which vocation he followed at his old home and in this county, the latter becoming his abiding place in 1840. Early in life he married Miss Elizabeth C. Walker, of Shelbyville, Indiana. She was the daughter of the late John C. Walker and the sister of B. P., W. J. and J. C. Walker, Mrs. Holcomb, Mrs. Mary J. McCoy, Mrs. Frances Cummings, Mrs. Dr. Theel and Mrs. Maria L. Rose. Mrs. Ludlow passed away thirty-three years ago. Born to this union were two daughters, both deceased, and three sons, two of whom are living, J. W. Ludlow, of this city, and Oliver Porter Ludlow, of Pleasant township, both respected and valued members of this community. One son, Stephen Ludlow, is dead, as is also a brother of Mr. Ludlow, John Ludlow. Mr. Ludlow joined the Masonic lodge when a young man, but in late years has not affiliated with the order. In early days he was a staunch Whig, and upon the birth of the Republican party he became prominent in the councils of that party.

 

Once he was honored by being selected to preside at the Republican convention of LaPorte county, but he always refused to accept the offices that were tendered him. He never missed exercising his elective franchise.

 

He was a man of strong convictions, ever ready to sacrifice all that he had for the principles which he held dear. Through hard work, economy and good judgment he was successful in acquiring broad acres, a fine country home, and well filled granaries.

 

On November 18, 1903, he celebrated his eighty-ninth anniversary at his home just south of LaPorte, where a family dinner was given in his honor. It was the wish of those who gathered around the table to meet under like circumstances eleven years from that date and celebrate his hundredth anniversary, but on December 9 he passed away."

 

Ludlow was interred in Patton Cemetery in LaPorte.

 

The trustee countersigning these notes is Edmund Simpson Organ. Organ was born July 2, 1813, in Campbell County, Virginia, the son of John and Elizabeth (Johnson) Organ. He married Catherine Newton (Early) Organ in 1836 at LaPorte. It is believed that this union resulted in twelve children. On February 4, 1883, in LaPorte County, Indiana, Edmund passed away; like Ludlow, he was interred at Patton Cemetery in LaPorte. Organ served as treasurer of LaPorte County, Indiana, from 1852 to 1857 and county coroner from 1850 to 1854. E. D. Daniels mentions in his book A Twentieth Century History and Biographical Record of LaPorte County, Indiana (1904, p. 215) that Edmund Simpson Organ operated a store and milling business at LaPorte.

 

Source Information:

Daniels, E. D. 1904. A Twentieth Century History and Biographical Record of LaPorte County, Indiana. Chicago, Illinois: The Lewis Publishing Company. 813 p.

 

Federal Brand Enterprises, Inc. 1963. Eighth Annual Fall Convention, Michigan State Numismatic Society Convention. Cleveland, Ohio: Federal Brand Enterprises, Inc. 48 p.

 

Federal Brand Enterprises, Inc. 1963. Fourth Annual Numismatic Convention, North-East Ohio Coin Club. Cleveland, Ohio: Federal Brand Enterprises, Inc. 76 p.

 

Marshall County Democrat, Plymouth, Marshall County, Indiana; March 13, 1856; Volume 1, Number 18, Page 3, Column 5. Column titled “Notice to Tax Payers.”

 

The Marshall County Democrat, Plymouth, Marshall County, Indiana; March 4, 1858; Volume 3, Number 15, Page 3, Column 4. Column titled “Last Call!”

 

Wolka, Wendell. 2018. A History of Indiana Obsolete Bank Notes and Scrip. Sun City Center, Florida: Wendell Wolka. 900 p. [see p. 403]

 

Wolka, Wendell A., Jack M. Vorhies, and Donald A. Schramm. 1978. Indiana Obsolete Notes and Scrip. Iola, Wisconsin: Krause Publications. 306 p. [see p. 131]

 

Copyright 2018. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.

LOGIE-BUCHAN, a parish, in the district of Ellon, county of Aberdeen, 2 miles (E. by S.) from Ellon; containing 713 inhabitants.

 

The word Logie, expressive of a low-lying spot, was given to this place on account of its applicability to the tract in which the church is situated; while the affix is descriptive of the position of the parish in that part of the county called Buchan.

 

Logie-Buchan Parish Church is located on the southern slope of the River Ythan valley, in gently rolling countryside with small fields, rough grazing and enclosures of trees. There is a narrow trackway and footbridge across the river a short distance to the north. The church stands in a sloping graveyard, bounded by a rubble wall. The large former manse is positioned to the south and the church itself closed recently and a new use had not been found when it was visited (2012).

 

A church here was granted to Aberdeen Cathedral by David II in 1361, while the current church was built in the late 18th century with later additions and alterations.

 

Description (exterior)

The church is a small, simple building with little architectural detailing. It is aligned roughly east-west and has harled, rubble walls and a slate roof. There are narrow strips of granite stone around the windows and doors. The church is rectangular on plan, with a small, gabled porch and a lean-to vestry at the west end.

   

The east elevation has a hipped or piended roof rather than a gable. There are two rectangular windows with simple timber tracery and small panes of leaded glass. There has clearly been alterations carried out at this end of the church, shown by two blocked openings, a doorway and window, in the centre of the east elevation.

   

The north elevation of the church has four equally-spaced rectangular windows, each with simple tracery and latticed glazing. The opposite south elevation has two larger rectangular windows, towards the centre, again with tracery and latticed glazing.

   

The west end of the church has a small, gabled porch with a rectangular doorway on the south side, which is the main entrance into the church. There is a rectangular window in the west gable of this porch and a tall chimney rises from the apex, serving a fireplace in the small lean-to vestry extension to the north of the porch. The church has a tall gable at the west end, topped by an ashlar-built bellcote, which has a stone ball finial.

 

Description (interior)

Some of the fittings remain in the church but are likely to be removed if and when a new use is found for the church, which is no longer in use.

 

People / Organisations:

Name RoleDates Notes

William RuxtonRecast the interior 1912

Robert MaxwellMade the church bell1728

  

Events:

Church built on site of older church (1787)

Porch and vestry added to west (1891)

Interior recast (1912)

 

Logie-Buchan is separated on the east from the German Ocean by the parish of Slains, and is intersected by the river Ythan.

 

The river abounds with various kinds of trout, also with salmon, eels, lounders, and mussels; and pearls are still occasionally found.

 

It has a ferry opposite the parish church, where its breadth at low water is about sixty yards; and two boats are kept, one for general passengers, and the other, a larger boat, for the conveyance of the parishioners to church from the northern side.

 

A tradition has long prevailed that the largest pearl in the crown of Scotland was obtained in the Ythan; and it appears that, about the middle of the last century, £100 were paid by a London jeweller to gentleman in Aberdeen, for pearls found in the river.

 

Most of the inhabitants of the district are employed in agricultural pursuits, a small brick-work recently established being the only exception.

 

The great north road from Aberdeen passes through the parish, and the mail and other public coaches travel to and fro daily. On another road, leading to the shipping-port of Newburgh, the tenantry have a considerable traffic in grain, lime, and coal, the last procured from England, and being the chief fuel.

 

The river Ythan is navigable for lighters often or twelve tons' burthen at high water. The marketable produce of the parish is sent to Aberdeen. Logie- Buchan is ecclesiastically in the presbytery of Ellon, synod of Aberdeen, and in the patronage of Mr. Buchan.

 

The church was built in 1787, and contains 400 sittings.

 

Cemeteries - Presbyterian / Unitarian

Logie Buchan Parish Church, Logie-Buchan, Church of Scotland

 

The church of Logie-Buchan was dedicated to St Andrew.

 

St Andrew's Church was built in 1787 and has been much altered. It contains a 1728 bell.

 

Logie-Buchan (Aberdeen, Buchan). Also known as Logie Talargy, the church was granted by David II in 1361 to the common fund of the canons of Aberdeen cathedral, and this was confirmed to the uses of the canons by Alexander, bishop of Aberdeen in 1362, both parsonage and vicarage fruits being annexed while the cure was to become a vicarage pensionary.

 

Although possession was obtained by the dean and chapter, this was subsequently lost, and the church had to be re-annexed in 1437, the previous arrangement being adhered to, with both parsonage and vicarage remaining annexed.

 

St Andrew's Kirk, 1787. Undistinguished externally, porch 1891, inside original ceiling with Adam-like centrepiece and two-light Gothic windows, part of 1912 recasting, William Buxton. Pulpit was originally in the centre of the N wall with a horseshoe gallery bearing the Buchan coat of arms (George Reid, Peterhead, carver). Monuments to Thomas (d. 1819) and Robert (d. 1825) Buchan.

 

Bell, 1728, Robert Maxwell. Church bought by Captain David Buchan to ensure access and survival.

 

Kirkyard: plain ashlar gatepiers and rubble walls; some table tombs.

LOGIE-BUCHAN, a parish, in the district of Ellon, county of Aberdeen, 2 miles (E. by S.) from Ellon; containing 713 inhabitants.

 

The word Logie, expressive of a low-lying spot, was given to this place on account of its applicability to the tract in which the church is situated; while the affix is descriptive of the position of the parish in that part of the county called Buchan.

 

Logie-Buchan Parish Church is located on the southern slope of the River Ythan valley, in gently rolling countryside with small fields, rough grazing and enclosures of trees. There is a narrow trackway and footbridge across the river a short distance to the north. The church stands in a sloping graveyard, bounded by a rubble wall. The large former manse is positioned to the south and the church itself closed recently and a new use had not been found when it was visited (2012).

 

A church here was granted to Aberdeen Cathedral by David II in 1361, while the current church was built in the late 18th century with later additions and alterations.

 

Description (exterior)

The church is a small, simple building with little architectural detailing. It is aligned roughly east-west and has harled, rubble walls and a slate roof. There are narrow strips of granite stone around the windows and doors. The church is rectangular on plan, with a small, gabled porch and a lean-to vestry at the west end.

   

The east elevation has a hipped or piended roof rather than a gable. There are two rectangular windows with simple timber tracery and small panes of leaded glass. There has clearly been alterations carried out at this end of the church, shown by two blocked openings, a doorway and window, in the centre of the east elevation.

   

The north elevation of the church has four equally-spaced rectangular windows, each with simple tracery and latticed glazing. The opposite south elevation has two larger rectangular windows, towards the centre, again with tracery and latticed glazing.

   

The west end of the church has a small, gabled porch with a rectangular doorway on the south side, which is the main entrance into the church. There is a rectangular window in the west gable of this porch and a tall chimney rises from the apex, serving a fireplace in the small lean-to vestry extension to the north of the porch. The church has a tall gable at the west end, topped by an ashlar-built bellcote, which has a stone ball finial.

 

Description (interior)

Some of the fittings remain in the church but are likely to be removed if and when a new use is found for the church, which is no longer in use.

 

People / Organisations:

Name RoleDates Notes

William RuxtonRecast the interior 1912

Robert MaxwellMade the church bell1728

  

Events:

Church built on site of older church (1787)

Porch and vestry added to west (1891)

Interior recast (1912)

 

Logie-Buchan is separated on the east from the German Ocean by the parish of Slains, and is intersected by the river Ythan.

 

The river abounds with various kinds of trout, also with salmon, eels, lounders, and mussels; and pearls are still occasionally found.

 

It has a ferry opposite the parish church, where its breadth at low water is about sixty yards; and two boats are kept, one for general passengers, and the other, a larger boat, for the conveyance of the parishioners to church from the northern side.

 

A tradition has long prevailed that the largest pearl in the crown of Scotland was obtained in the Ythan; and it appears that, about the middle of the last century, £100 were paid by a London jeweller to gentleman in Aberdeen, for pearls found in the river.

 

Most of the inhabitants of the district are employed in agricultural pursuits, a small brick-work recently established being the only exception.

 

The great north road from Aberdeen passes through the parish, and the mail and other public coaches travel to and fro daily. On another road, leading to the shipping-port of Newburgh, the tenantry have a considerable traffic in grain, lime, and coal, the last procured from England, and being the chief fuel.

 

The river Ythan is navigable for lighters often or twelve tons' burthen at high water. The marketable produce of the parish is sent to Aberdeen. Logie- Buchan is ecclesiastically in the presbytery of Ellon, synod of Aberdeen, and in the patronage of Mr. Buchan.

 

The church was built in 1787, and contains 400 sittings.

 

Cemeteries - Presbyterian / Unitarian

Logie Buchan Parish Church, Logie-Buchan, Church of Scotland

 

The church of Logie-Buchan was dedicated to St Andrew.

 

St Andrew's Church was built in 1787 and has been much altered. It contains a 1728 bell.

 

Logie-Buchan (Aberdeen, Buchan). Also known as Logie Talargy, the church was granted by David II in 1361 to the common fund of the canons of Aberdeen cathedral, and this was confirmed to the uses of the canons by Alexander, bishop of Aberdeen in 1362, both parsonage and vicarage fruits being annexed while the cure was to become a vicarage pensionary.

 

Although possession was obtained by the dean and chapter, this was subsequently lost, and the church had to be re-annexed in 1437, the previous arrangement being adhered to, with both parsonage and vicarage remaining annexed.

 

St Andrew's Kirk, 1787. Undistinguished externally, porch 1891, inside original ceiling with Adam-like centrepiece and two-light Gothic windows, part of 1912 recasting, William Buxton. Pulpit was originally in the centre of the N wall with a horseshoe gallery bearing the Buchan coat of arms (George Reid, Peterhead, carver). Monuments to Thomas (d. 1819) and Robert (d. 1825) Buchan.

 

Bell, 1728, Robert Maxwell. Church bought by Captain David Buchan to ensure access and survival.

 

Kirkyard: plain ashlar gatepiers and rubble walls; some table tombs.

 

New TRD lift kit provides applicable 2022 and newer Tundra models with 3.0-inch lift in front and 2.0-inch in back

 

Developed by TRD engineers, this is the only Toyota-approved lift kit compatible with Toyota Safety Sense system

 

Includes Bilstein shocks, Roush forged upper control arms, red TRD-tuned coil springs and installation hardware

 

Dealer-installed option with a manufacturer’s suggested retail price of $3,995

  

Date: Circa 1880s

Source Type: Photograph

Publisher, Printer, Photographer: Unknown

Postmark: Not Applicable

Collection: Steven R. Shook

Remark: This image shows the original campus building of the Valparaiso Male and Female College, which was founded by the Methodist Church and operated between 1859 to 1871. The college went defunct in 1871 and was closed for approximately two years, reopening in 1873 as the Northern Indiana Normal School and Business Institute. The original large brick structure consisted of the center portion of the building between the two towers. The tower and east wing to the left in this image were erected in 1867, while the tower and west wing to the right were added in the latter half of 1875 in order to accommodate rapidly expanding enrollment at the institution. The structure shown here, with its several additions, was destroyed on February 15, 1923, by a fire originating from an overheated stove.

 

Written on the reverse of this photograph is the following:

 

"College I attended a while in Valparaiso Indiana

J H W"

 

------

 

The following news item appears in the February 22, 1923, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:

 

BUILDING TO RISE FROM THE RUINS

Arising from the blackened ruins of the historic administration building of Valparaiso university which was destroyed by fire last Thursday morning, will come a new and modern administration building and library, according to a decision of the trustees at a meeting held Saturday.

 

The loss is estimated between $150,000 and $175,000. This was fairly well covered with insurance and the trustees believe the building can be replaced. Committees were named to find out exactly what is needed in the way of new buildings and some decision will be reached at the next meeting of the board, February 28.

 

The fire which is of unknown origin was hard to fight on account of the cold. It started about 5 A. M. and the flames were not under control before 10:30 o'clock, when the building was a heap of smoldering ruins. For a time the flames threatened to spread to other buildings. Water dashed against the building froze on the walls so that the buildings looked like an ice plant without and a raging inferno within. Two students who lived in the towers narrowly escaped with their lives and lost all personal effects.

 

Male and co-ed students joined in an effort to save the school library when the fire was discovered. Shielding their faces with dampened towels and handkerchiefs, the students worked frantically, carrying armful after armful of books and records out from the ever-growing inferno into the cold.

 

Numerous valuable paintings in the art school, also housed in the administration building were destroyed.

 

In addition to the library and art school the administration building contained executive officers of the university and the class rooms of the university high and dramatic school.

 

The building was the oldest on the campus. It was erected 50 years ago and housed the original college.

 

Source:

The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; February 22, 1923; volume 39, Number 50, Page 1, Column 1. Column titled "Building to Rise From the Ruins."

 

Copyright 2020. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.

LOGIE-BUCHAN, a parish, in the district of Ellon, county of Aberdeen, 2 miles (E. by S.) from Ellon; containing 713 inhabitants.

 

The word Logie, expressive of a low-lying spot, was given to this place on account of its applicability to the tract in which the church is situated; while the affix is descriptive of the position of the parish in that part of the county called Buchan.

 

Logie-Buchan Parish Church is located on the southern slope of the River Ythan valley, in gently rolling countryside with small fields, rough grazing and enclosures of trees. There is a narrow trackway and footbridge across the river a short distance to the north. The church stands in a sloping graveyard, bounded by a rubble wall. The large former manse is positioned to the south and the church itself closed recently and a new use had not been found when it was visited (2012).

 

A church here was granted to Aberdeen Cathedral by David II in 1361, while the current church was built in the late 18th century with later additions and alterations.

 

Description (exterior)

The church is a small, simple building with little architectural detailing. It is aligned roughly east-west and has harled, rubble walls and a slate roof. There are narrow strips of granite stone around the windows and doors. The church is rectangular on plan, with a small, gabled porch and a lean-to vestry at the west end.

   

The east elevation has a hipped or piended roof rather than a gable. There are two rectangular windows with simple timber tracery and small panes of leaded glass. There has clearly been alterations carried out at this end of the church, shown by two blocked openings, a doorway and window, in the centre of the east elevation.

   

The north elevation of the church has four equally-spaced rectangular windows, each with simple tracery and latticed glazing. The opposite south elevation has two larger rectangular windows, towards the centre, again with tracery and latticed glazing.

   

The west end of the church has a small, gabled porch with a rectangular doorway on the south side, which is the main entrance into the church. There is a rectangular window in the west gable of this porch and a tall chimney rises from the apex, serving a fireplace in the small lean-to vestry extension to the north of the porch. The church has a tall gable at the west end, topped by an ashlar-built bellcote, which has a stone ball finial.

 

Description (interior)

Some of the fittings remain in the church but are likely to be removed if and when a new use is found for the church, which is no longer in use.

 

People / Organisations:

Name RoleDates Notes

William RuxtonRecast the interior 1912

Robert MaxwellMade the church bell1728

  

Events:

Church built on site of older church (1787)

Porch and vestry added to west (1891)

Interior recast (1912)

 

Logie-Buchan is separated on the east from the German Ocean by the parish of Slains, and is intersected by the river Ythan.

 

The river abounds with various kinds of trout, also with salmon, eels, lounders, and mussels; and pearls are still occasionally found.

 

It has a ferry opposite the parish church, where its breadth at low water is about sixty yards; and two boats are kept, one for general passengers, and the other, a larger boat, for the conveyance of the parishioners to church from the northern side.

 

A tradition has long prevailed that the largest pearl in the crown of Scotland was obtained in the Ythan; and it appears that, about the middle of the last century, £100 were paid by a London jeweller to gentleman in Aberdeen, for pearls found in the river.

 

Most of the inhabitants of the district are employed in agricultural pursuits, a small brick-work recently established being the only exception.

 

The great north road from Aberdeen passes through the parish, and the mail and other public coaches travel to and fro daily. On another road, leading to the shipping-port of Newburgh, the tenantry have a considerable traffic in grain, lime, and coal, the last procured from England, and being the chief fuel.

 

The river Ythan is navigable for lighters often or twelve tons' burthen at high water. The marketable produce of the parish is sent to Aberdeen. Logie- Buchan is ecclesiastically in the presbytery of Ellon, synod of Aberdeen, and in the patronage of Mr. Buchan.

 

The church was built in 1787, and contains 400 sittings.

 

Cemeteries - Presbyterian / Unitarian

Logie Buchan Parish Church, Logie-Buchan, Church of Scotland

 

The church of Logie-Buchan was dedicated to St Andrew.

 

St Andrew's Church was built in 1787 and has been much altered. It contains a 1728 bell.

 

Logie-Buchan (Aberdeen, Buchan). Also known as Logie Talargy, the church was granted by David II in 1361 to the common fund of the canons of Aberdeen cathedral, and this was confirmed to the uses of the canons by Alexander, bishop of Aberdeen in 1362, both parsonage and vicarage fruits being annexed while the cure was to become a vicarage pensionary.

 

Although possession was obtained by the dean and chapter, this was subsequently lost, and the church had to be re-annexed in 1437, the previous arrangement being adhered to, with both parsonage and vicarage remaining annexed.

 

St Andrew's Kirk, 1787. Undistinguished externally, porch 1891, inside original ceiling with Adam-like centrepiece and two-light Gothic windows, part of 1912 recasting, William Buxton. Pulpit was originally in the centre of the N wall with a horseshoe gallery bearing the Buchan coat of arms (George Reid, Peterhead, carver). Monuments to Thomas (d. 1819) and Robert (d. 1825) Buchan.

 

Bell, 1728, Robert Maxwell. Church bought by Captain David Buchan to ensure access and survival.

 

Kirkyard: plain ashlar gatepiers and rubble walls; some table tombs.

Date: Circa 1910

Source Type: Photograph

Publisher, Printer, Photographer: Unknown

Postmark: Not Applicable

Collection: Steven R. Shook

Remark: Seen here is the Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company station located in Moscow, Latah County, Idaho, circa 1910. In 1910, the Union Pacific purchased this rail line and changed the name to Oregon-Washington Railroad and Navigation Company.

 

Visible to the far left in the image is the station of the Northern Pacific Railway. After considerable lobbying by the Moscow City Council and the Moscow Chamber of Commerce, a joint station operated by the Union Pacific Railroad and the Northern Pacific Railroad was constructed to replace these two stations.

 

Today [2017], this site is occupied by a building housing the Human Resources Department at the University of Idaho. The site is located on the south side of Sixth Street, east of Paradise Creek.

 

This photograph was taken facing southeast.

 

Copyright 2017. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.

Date: Circa 1873-1890

Source Type: Photograph, Cabinet Card

Publisher, Printer, Photographer: John Wesley McLellan

Postmark: Not Applicable

Collection: Steven R. Shook

Remark: This cabinet card was included in a photograph album owned by Louise DeMotte Letherman and is identified as Mrs. Andrew Letherman but is instead believed to Andrew's mother, Jane Mary (Peirce) Letherman.

 

The following biography of Joseph H. Letherman was published in Goodspeed and Blachard's 1882 history of Lake and Porter County, Indiana, and contains information about Jane:

 

"Dr. J. H. Letherman was born in Washington County, Penn., March 4, 1819, the son of Dr. Joseph and Sarah (Mercer) Letherman, natives of Pennsylvania and the parents of two children, of whom the Doctor only is living. Daniel Letherman, his grandfather, was a native of Prussia, came to America when a child, with his parents, and was a preacher of the Dunkard Church. Our subject's maternal ancestors were of Irish-Engligh descent, and his grandfather Mercer was a Presbyterian minister. Dr. J. H. Letherman was reared in Pennsylvania, where he received a good common-school education, afterward entering Jefferson College, where he remained four years. Having a liking for the study of medicine, and his father being a physician, as were a number of other near relatives, he began the study of that profession in about 1843, and attended medical school at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, also from the last named and receiving his diploma as 'M.D.' He began practicing in his native State, but in 1845 removed to Des Moines County, Iowa, remaining there until, in November 1853, he came to Valparaiso, and his remained here ever since, engaged in active practice, and in this time he has booked $100,000. In Porter County. In 1871, he admitted his son, Dr. A. P. Letherman, a graduate of Louisville Medical College of Kentucky, as a partner. Dr. J. H. Letherman was married March 2, 1848 to Miss Jane Mary Peirce, of Cumberland County, Penn., and to this union was born ten children - Joseph H., an attorney and engaged in the Internal Revenue Department of Texas; Andrew P., now his father's partner; William C., druggist of Valparaiso; Rebecca, deceased; Elizabeth, deceased; Lawrence L., mail agent on the Michigan Central Railroad; John and Alice A., twins, the former deceased; Jane B. and Carrie M. The parents are members of the Presbyterian Church, and Dr. Letherman is a Republican. He has been County Coroner twelve years, and has served at different times in city official positions, and is one of the present Aldermen of Valparaiso."

 

Jane Mary (Peirce) Letherman was born in Newville, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, on September 4, 1826. She died on January 1, 1910, in Valparaiso, and was buried in Union Street Cemetery in that Community.

 

The photograph was taken by John Wesley McLellan at Valparaiso, Porter County, Indiana. McLellan operated a photography studio in Valparaiso from 1873 to the mid-1890s.

 

Louise (DeMotte) Letherman was born August 21, 1859, in Valparaiso, Porter County, Indiana, the daughter of Mark L. DeMotte and Elizabeth (Christy) DeMotte. She married Lawrence Letherman on May 3, 1883, in Valparaiso. Louise died at Malden, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, on September 24, 1905. Louise is buried in Valparaiso's Maplewood Cemetery.

 

Mark Lindsey DeMotte was born in Rockville, Parke County, Indiana, on December 28, 1832, the son of Daniel DeMotte and Mary (Brewer) DeMotte. He graduated from Asbury University (now DePauw University) in Greencastle, Putnam County, Indiana, with an A.B. degree in 1853 and immediately began studying law at this institution, earning his law degree (LL.B.) in 1855. DeMotte was soon admitted to the Indiana bar and began his practice of law at Valparaiso, Porter County, Indiana.

 

In December 1856, Elizabeth Christy wedded DeMotte in Valparaiso, a union that resulted in two children, Louise and Mary.

 

DeMotte would serve in the Civil War rising to the rank of captain under the command of General Robert H. Milroy. At the conclusion of the war, DeMotte moved to Lexington, Lafayette County, Missouri, to resume his practice of law. He was an unsuccessful Republican candidate for Congress in the 1872 and 1876 elections.

 

DeMotte returned to Valparaiso in 1877 to practice law and would organize the Northern Indiana Law School in 1879, which later became known as the Valparaiso University School of Law (which went defunct in 2020).

 

DeMotte would again be a Republican candidate for Congress, winning the election of 1880, but would lose as an incumbent in the 1882 election. He would then serve in the Indiana State Senate between 1886 and 1890. He was appointed the postmaster of Valparaiso serving from March 24, 1890, to March 20, 1894. He would also serve as dean of the Northern Indiana Law School from 1890 to 1908.

 

DeMotte passed away on September 23, 1908, in Valparaiso and was interred in Maplewood Cemetery in that community.

 

Source:

Goodspeed, Weston A., and Charles Blanchard. 1882. Counties of Porter and Lake, Indiana: Historical and Biographical, Illustrated. Chicago, Illinois: F. A. Battey & Company. 771 p. [see pp. 255-256]

 

Copyright 2020. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.