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Space diapers - these ones have Sally Ride's name tag on the back. Developed for female crewmembers to wear during launch or EVAs. Men used to wear urine collection hoses and bags. Now both male and female astronauts prefer the commercially available disposable diapers.
Carbon dioxide (O=C=O) is a greenhouse gas, that absorbs in the near infrared part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Asymmetric stretching (top) at 2349 cm-1 and bending (bottom) at 667 cm-1 (this data source Wikipedia). The bending is a degenerate pair mode (direction of vibration orthogonal to each other) and the stretching mode the more intense peak in the spectrum. There is also symmetric stretching (at 1388 cm−1), but is not shown here, as it is not detected in the IR spectrum (the central molecule would expand in length).
The atmospheric infrared absorption causes these molecular vibrations and the molecule re-emits infrared heat in all directions, including downwards to Earth, causing extra warming (in addition to the Sun's radiation). Therefore, CO2 (and other greenhouse gases, e.g. methane from Arctic tundra) acts like a heat blanket. The dense atmosphere of Venus is mostly CO2, so the greenhouse effect is even more extreme, making the surface temperature even more uninhabitable.
It is now scientifically proven that the main cause of excess CO2, causing global warming (and climate change), is human activity: predominantly the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. In addition, the excess CO2 is causing a slight decrease in seawater pH (by forming more dissolved carbonic acid), with the combined effect of increasing sea temperatures, affecting some marine life and ecosystems (e.g. coral reefs).
Staff scientist Sam Webb places a sample into an X-ray absorption experimental station at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL). This endstation was used to take data for a NASA-funded experiment looking at bacteria found in Mono Lake, CA that substitute arsenic for phosphorous within their DNA.
This setup is also used by visiting researchers investigating environmental contamination and other studies that require high-resolution chemical mapping—for example, finding ways to clean up toxins in soil by first precisely identifying them, or understanding disease by pinpointing harmful compounds in samples of brain tissue.
(Brad Plummer/SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)
Yesterday I was lucky enough to have free tickets to the Braque expo at the Grand Palais. I didn't know this artist before and was very happy to discover his work which has a very wide variety of styles. If you have the opportunity, go discover!
Having just done the series of 6 photos where there was indifference also, it was interesting to see yesterday that everyone was absorbed! I've decided to do this series in black and white to focus on the people rather than the art. However, I'd definitely recommend this artist to you :)
Hier j’ai eu la chance de pouvoir aller gratuitement à l’expo Braque au Grand Palais. Je connus pas cet artiste et fut heureuse de découvrir son travail qui a changé en plusieurs styles très différents tout au longue de sa vie. Si vous avez l’occasion, découvrez-le ! (Demain c’est le dernier jour au Grand Palais.)
Puisque j’ai fait très récemment cette petite série « immersion et indifférence » j’étais très sensible aux autres visiteurs … et cette fois-ci tout le monde était immergé ! J’ai décidé de montrer ces photos en noir et blanc car j’ai voulu mettre en valeur les personnes et non pas l’art. Mais je vous recommande vivement cet artiste :)
If you recognise yourself in these photos and prefer they are not here, just let me know (or if you would like a copy of the photo).
Si vous vous reconnaissez dans cette photo et préfériez que la photo ne soit pas publiée, dites le moi (ou bien si vous aimeriez en avoir une copie).
Laser Tattoo Removal Post-Treatment Advice
The area to be treated should be free from make-up, perfume, deodorant and body or face creams.
GF Family
The area should not be sun-tanned. Use of sun beds or exposure to strong sunlight is not advised
prior to treatment. Dark suntans must be left to fade before treatment can start and fake tan should
not be applied.
A medical history is taken at consultation, but we rely on you to inform us of any changes to this.
We need to know of any medication you are taking, even those bought from a chemist or herbal
The immediate whitening of the treated area is the reaction of the ink to the absorption of the laser
light energy creating steam within the surface of your skin, this usually only lasts for several minutes.
Post-treatment skincare
Post treatment skin care divides into three areas:
Immediately after treatment, the area is best left alone completely for 24 hours.
After 24 hours antiseptic ointment or 1% hydrocortisone cream (available 'over the counter' at most chemists) can be used up to 3 times a day for 7 days. A sterile dressing should be used to cover the treated area for at least the first 3 days. It may be necessary to use a dressing for the duration of healing to protect the area if there is risk of damage from treated area rubbing on clothes (e.g. on waistband).
Cold compresses and ice packs may be used as needed after the laser treatment for any discomfort or inflammation, you can also take paracetamol for relief but not aspirin. This is because aspirin thins the blood, can increase the chance of bruising and bleeding, and can hamper the healing process.
Aloe Vera gel can also help improve skin comfort and reduce swelling or post-treatment redness.
Do not pick or rub, picking at scabs or allowing the treated area to get scraped increases your
chance of getting an infection and also increases your chance of developing a scar.
Short to medium term
Within the first 24 hours the area may become reddened and swollen which will settle in a few days and may feel similar to sunburn. The skin is fragile and needs gentle handling. Blisters sometimes appear and may be large. Do not worry, as this is not unusual.
Blisters usually last anywhere from 2-3 days to 2 weeks, depending on skin sensitivity. There are some rules that must be followed to avoid further complications:
Do not disturb the blister, this is nature’s “Elastoplast” and the skin will heal naturally under the blister. The blister will dry to form a “crust” and it will be shed by the skin when it is no longer required. The new skin will look “shiny” and will take a few weeks to return to a normal look and feel. Always:
o Wear clean, loose fitting clothes where possible
o Keep the area clean and dry. After washing, pat the area dry – do not rub
o If the blister bursts, do not panic – however it is important to keep the area clean. You can apply
Savlon or Vaseline
o Apply a non-adherent dressing if advised to do so
o Do not use make-up, perfumed products, toners, astringents or soap on the treated area until
healed
o Be careful with sprays, such as deodorants
o Do not shave over a blistered area
o Exercise is OK after treatment, considering all other after care instructions are practised but
avoid excess sweating for 48 hours after treatment.
o Do not soak the treated area until the skin has completely healed. - hot tubs, swimming pools or
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baths are not recommended as this increase the chances of infection. Showers are OK, but don’t allow the shower steam to hit the affected area. Do not keep treated area under running water or have the water too hot. Remember to pat dry, don’t rub the area.
o Hydrate the body by drinking plenty of water,
o Due to the dehydrating effect of the laser treatment, itching is very common. Aquaphor,
hydrocortisone cream, or vitamin E ointment can be used to the treated area.
o Call the studio immediately if the area looks infected or you are concerned in any way
Long term
Once post-treatment skin changes have subsided and the skin texture has returned to normal you will be ready for a follow up treatment. There may still be some reddening if the immune response is still active and, in any case, you must leave at least 4 weeks before any follow up.
You should take the following steps to reduce the risks of long term pigment disturbance:
Always wear at least a Factor 25+ sun block and reapply frequently, or better still cover with a dressing
Do not expose the treated area of your skin to UV light before and between treatments (natural sunlight and sun beds)
Do not apply fake/ spray tan to the area to be treated
There is also a risk, increasing with the number of treatments, of textural skin changes that can lead to scarring. If, after the skin in the treatment area has settled down, it feels lumpy or thickened, the matter should be raised prior to your next treatment. Depending on the situation, the clinic may recommend a longer treatment interval and/or the use of a topical silica gel product.
Adverse Reactions
As different people react to laser tattoo removals differently, it’s important that you keep a look out for skin changes after undergoing treatment. It is normal to experience scabs, blisters, crusts and swelling for a fortnight.
However if you have any extreme reactions or experience any of the following symptoms you have to immediately seek medical attention:
Persistent pain, which won’t go away with over-the-counter pain medication.
The treated area looks infected (yellow or honey coloured oozing and crusting)
Fever over 100°C.
If the treated tattoo area becomes swollen
Excessive bleeding or any drainage.
Although times can vary, complete healing usually takes 4-6 weeks, the process which breaks down the tattoo ink begins 2 weeks after the laser treatment. The ink will continue to evacuate until about the 6 week post treatment mark. Ideally, treatments should be scheduled 6 weeks apart.
Laser Tattoo Removal Follow Up
Follow after care advice and keep good standards of hygiene
Follow up treatments should be scheduled every 6 weeks.
Consistent repeated treatments will produce the best resolution of tattoos or pigmented lesions.
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The Vibration Mounts acts as a vibrator arrestor in heavy machinery. These mounts are designed for progressive absorption of loads.
Electronic Absorption Spectra of Conjugated Dyes: Particle-in-a-Box Model.
Red = 1,1-diethyl 2,2-cyanine iodide
Blue = 1,1-diethyl 2,2-carbocyanine chloride
Beautiful but toxic.
A Fomapan Action 400 black-and-white film to test the effect a the special Foca filter "Dyma" produced in France in the 50's.
The filter is called "Dyma" due to the presence of neodymium in the glass giving an unusual absorption by bands in the visible spectrum. In particulier blue and yellow color ans more absorbed than the rest of the spectrum. The filter existed in two different versions with the coefficient x2.5 or 3.5. Here the 42mm push-on Foca Dyma filter used is a x 3.5.
As a consequence, I exposed the Foma 400 for 80 ISO using a Minolta Autometer III with a 10° finder for selective measurements privileging the shadow areas. I used my FOCA camera PF2B year 1956 and its normal Oplar lens1:2.8 f=5cm equipped for all the views with the Dyma filter and a Genaco metal shade hood.
Typical settings during the session : 1/100s f/8 to f/11.
May 29, 2023
69004 Lyon
France
After exposure, the film was processed using Adox Adonal (Agfa Rodinal) developer at dilution 1+25, 20°C for 6 min.
The film was then digitalized using a Sony A7 body adapted to a Minolta Auto Bellows III and a Minolta Slide Duplicator using a lens Minolta Bellow Macro Rokkor 50mm f/3.5 at a reproduction ratio of 1:1. The reproduced RAW files obtained were processed in LR prior the the final JPEG editions.
All views of the film are presented in the dedicated album either in the printed framed versions and unframed full-size jpeg.
About the camera and the lens:
The Foca type PF2B (PF for "Petit Format") was constructed in France by the company "Optique & Precision de Levallois" (OPL) starting from 1947. It was manufactured in the Chateaudun OPL factory, route de Jallans, France, in 1956 among a late series of the PF2B. The factory, constructed in 1938, is still at the same place under the name of SAFRAN now producing precision devices for aerospace appliances.
The camera is equipped with the collapsible OPLAR lens (a Tessar formula) 1:2.8 f=5cm. The focal shutter of the PF2B has timing of 1/1000, 1/500, 1/200, 1/100, 1/50 and 1/25s plus the B pose. A slow exposure device below 1/25s could be installed by the aftermarket service and was installed basically for the FOCA PF3 and Foca Universel.
Types of mechanical flotation machine flotation machine, inflatable flotation machine, flotation machine or hybrid inflatable flotation machine, gas precipitation flotation machine.Mechanical flotation machineMechanical flotation machine and stirring the pulp of the inflatable are achieved by a mechanical agitator, air flotation machine is outside theSelf-priming flotation machines, pneumatic stirrer suction pump with similar characteristics, both air and self-absorption self absorption slurry.Mechanical flotation machine (commonly known as type A) which is characterized by:First, the cover is installed on the guide vanes 18 to 20.Second, the impeller, cover, vertical axis, the intake pipe, bearings, pulleys and other assembled - a whole part.Third, the trough installed in a circle around the vertical fin plate to prevent the pulp produced vortex.
Inflatable agitated flotation machineIts characteristics are:
1, inflated the amount of easy to separate regulation;
2, mechanical stirrer wear small;
3, the sorting index is better;
4, power consumption low.
Inflatable flotation machineInflatable flotation machine:
1, structural features: no mechanical stirrer is no transmission components;
2, inflatable features: inflatable device, the bubble size by the inflator restructuring; 3, bubbles mixed with the slurry characteristics: upstream mixed.
Uses: treatment composed of simple, high-grade, easy to choose ore sweep the election.
Flotation Machine Features
Flotation device has the following characteristics: low power consumption. Each slot both suction, suction slurry and flotation triple function, since as flotation circuit, without any auxiliary machine tools, the level of configuration, ease of process changes. Pulp cycle is reasonable, to minimize sand sedimentation. Cycle on the leaves in the pulp, the pulp produced under the leaves under the cycle.
Flotation machine working principle
Sorting machine is mainly used for flotation of copper, zinc, lead, nickel, gold and other non-ferrous metals, ferrous metals and can also be used for the roughing and selected non-metallic. Sorting machine driven by the impeller rotation V-belt drive motor, a centrifugal role in the formation of negative pressure, on the one hand inhalation of pulp mixed with sufficient air, mixing the pulp with the drug combination on the one hand, and refined bubble, the bubble on top of mineral bond, floating to the surface and then form a slurry bubble mineralization. Ram height adjustment, control surface, so that was useful for foam scraper scraped off.Slurry after mixing for pharmaceutical and flotation of the first chamber into the slot beneath the impeller rotation, a negative pressure in the wheel cavity, making the tank bottom and slot in the next slurry by the impeller and the suction into the suction mixing zone, the gas also makes the air along the guide sleeve into the mixing zone, pulp, air and mixed pharmaceutical here.In the impeller centrifugal force, a mixture of pulp into the mineralized zone, the formation of air bubbles and was crushed, and full access to coal particles, the formation of mineralized bubbles and turbulence in the stator plate under the action of uniformly distributed in the tank section, and move up into the separation zone, rich foam layer formed by the discharge body blow bubbles, the formation of coal bubble.Sorting swivel slow rotation, when the sorting room into the floating market area, this time selected by the slurry distributor of materials to six points, respectively, to the choice of site, the weak magnetic mineral particles being sucked in the tooth plate and with the sorting ring rotation. Non-magnetic mineral particles in the gravity and effect of pulp flow through the gap tooth plate, into the lower part of the tailings sorting ring slot. Go to the ore separation room cleaning position, a small amount of wash water to enter, the inclusion of the gangue, even with the body wash into the tailings and sludge tank (the machine is not set in the mine shafts) to concentrate to improve the quality of purposes. When the sorting room to the location of the magnetic field is weak (the concentrate rinse area), is injected into the pressure of water, will suck in the teeth of a weak magnetic board mineral particles into the concentrate tank.
Mineralization above the bottom of the coal particles will not cycle through the suction hole and once again mixed, mineralization and separation. Impeller tank bottom is not part of the pulp, the pulp through a buried mine in the box under the slot into the second chamber, the first room to complete the whole process, the third room, flotation machine again and again, the pulp through the last tailings discharged into the tank room final tailings.
Flotation machine Description
Floating concentrator flotation machine is short. In the flotation machine, pharmaceutical treatment by adding the slurry, by stirring inflation, which some mineral particles to selectively fixed in the bubble above; float to the surface to be scraped off a bubble slurry product, the rest remain in the pulp, in order to achieve the purpose of separation of minerals. Flotation structure in many forms, most commonly used mechanical flotation machine.
This is the same Stuart, with the same red t-shirt, photographed with the same camera and lens, again without a strobe, in 37 meters of depth. Wow! The red has turned completely black. Water absorbs long wavelengths (red) most effectively, and by the time divers reach 37 meters, very little red light is left to reflect from the red t-shirt.
We did this dive to become PADI deep diving instructors, so if you like, I can now teach you to dive deep safely in the Deep Diver course with Abyss Scuba Diving in Sydney. Ask to be taught by me when you contact Abyss.
Test of various filters for blue light absorption. The goal is to find the best filter to get the darkest blue channel while preserving the red and green channels. Logic dictates this would be some sort yellow filter (white minus blue). Such a filter, if used on a full spectrum camera, would generate a pure IR image in the blue channel. In theory, by subtracting the IR image from the Red and Green (which are really Red+IR and Green+IR), clean IR, Red and Green channels can by derived, thus allowing creation of IRG-mapped (EIR film style) images from a single shot.
Looks like Tiffen #12 is the best filter.
This image is posted for this discussion group:
www.flickr.com/groups/55027594@N00/discuss/72157601045395...
Main Electronics Box (MEB)
Contains the majority of electrical connections and components vital for SAM's functionality.
Tunable Laser Spectrometer (TLS)
The TLS uses absorption of light at specific wavelengths to measure concentrations and isotope ratios of specific chemicals important to life: methane, carbon dioxide, and water vapor.
Gas Chromatograph (GC)
The GC has six different chromatographic columns. The GC assembly sorts and detects individual volatile compounds it separates from complex mixtures of gases through long (-100 feet and narrow (-1/100 in inner diameter) metal tubes (wound into coils) with a stream of helium gas, it sorts the gas molecules through interactions of the gas molecules with a stationary phase inside the metal tube: the gases elute from the column at different times known as the "retention time" of the compound. Once the gases elute from the column they are detected directly by thermal conductivity (TCD) and are identified by mass to charge ratio using electron impact ionization quadrupole mass spectrometry (QMS)
Wide Range Pump (WRP)
The wide range pump, about 4 centimeters (1.6 inches) across, spins at up to 100,000 revolutions per minute for moving gases out of the system between analyses of different samples.
Solid Sample Inlet Tubes (SSIT)
This is where the rover's robotic arm will deliver powdered samples that the rover drills from rocks or scoops from soil. The inlet is a highly polished funnel that vibrates to get all of the sample material down into a cup at the bottom of the tube.
Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer (QMS)
This identifies gases by the molecular weight and electrical charge of their ionized states. It will check for several elements important for life as we know it, including carbon, hydrogen, sulfur, nitrtogen, oxygen and phosphorus contained in volatile molecules.
Sample Manipulation System (SMS)
The SMS consists of a double ring carousel that holds 74 individual cups where solid samples can be received from the solid sample inlet tube (SSIT) and placed inside one of two pyrolysis ovens. 59 quarts cups can be heated up to very high temperatures (-1800 degrees Fahrenheit) to extract gases from the powdered samples. 9 fluid filled sealed metal cups that can be punctured inside the SMS are used for lower temperature wet chemistry experiments designed to search for certain polar organic compounds including amino acids and carboxylic acids. The other 6 metal cups containing solid samples for instrument calibration.
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Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) Instrument Test Bed, Building 34 Room C-180
SAM is a suite of instruments onboard the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover, SAM's five science goals address three of the most fundamental questions about the ability of Mars to support life - past, present and future.
Presenter: Melissa Trainer, research space scientist & Jen Stern geochemist.
Learn more at: ssed.gsfc.nasa.gov
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For the first time ever, all 10 NASA field centers participated in a multi-center NASA Social event Dec. 3, previewing the Dec. 4 first flight of the Orion Spacecraft on Exploration Flight Test-1.
Goddard hosted up to 25 social media followers to attend an afternoon celebrating the Orion launch. Attendees toured the Astrobiology Analytical Laboratory, where Martian meteorites and other samples are tested to answer two of the biggest mysteries facing humanity: How did we get here? And are we alone? We'll also tour Goddard's massive Integration and Testing Facility, where spacecraft are built and tested and the world's largest cleanroom where the James Webb Space Telescope is being constructed. Webb is the scientific successor to NASA's Hubble Space Telescope. It will be the most powerful space telescope ever built.
British Rail Class 221 'Super Voyager' Diesel Multiple Unit (DMU) 2211XX as operated by Virgin Trains West Coast just after the 1R13 04:48 (08:44 10L) arrival from Holyhead at Euston Station in London (UK).
2211XX was built by Bombardier Transportation and entered service on April 12th 2002.
Note the Dellner type coupling system at the front of the train. The Dellner Coupling is a version of the Scharfenberg coupler which connects pneumatics and electronics at the same point of contact.
The energy absorption technology in a Dellner Coupling allows collisions at speeds of up to 9 mph with no structural damage and up to 22 mph with deformation while the carriages remain on track.
P. 105 in: BURNHAM, James (1947). The Struggle for the World. Jonathan Cape, London.
I. Absorption
Carpatho-Ukraine
East Poland
East Prussia
Baltic States
Finnish Regions
Kuriles
South Sakhalin
Mongolia
Turkish Regions
Bess Arabia and Bukovina
Bessarabië is een historische regio in Oost-Europa, waarvan het grondgebied wordt gevormd door het grootste deel van het huidige Moldavië (exclusief Transnistrië). De rest behoort tot Oekraïne, namelijk het gebied tussen Moldavië en de Zwarte Zee (de Boedzjak), alsmede de streek rond Chotyn. De grenzen van Bessarabië worden derhalve gevormd door de rivieren de Proet en de Dnjestr, de Donaudelta en de Zwarte Zee. De oppervlakte bedraagt 45.600 km².
Bukovina is a historical region, variously described as part of either Central or Eastern Europe (or both). The region is located on the northern slopes of the central Eastern Carpathians and the adjoining plains, today divided between Romania and Ukraine.
Moldavia
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I became a Burnham adept in 1982 after reading his book 'The Managerial Revolution' (1941). Unfortunately this sympathy is now expressed by ultra-right politicians.
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De anti-democratische wortels van de EU -
Met dank overgenomen van Th.H.Ph. (Thierry) Baudet, gepubliceerd op donderdag 20 oktober 2016.
In zijn dystopische klassieker, The Managerial Revolution (1941), introduceert de Amerikaanse politicoloog James Burnham het concept ‘gecontroleerde democratie’. Volgens hem zullen de Europese burgerdemocratieën in de tweede helft van de twintigste eeuw - min of meer ongemerkt en stapje voor stapje - worden overwoekerd door bureaucratische netwerken die achter de schermen, ver verwijderd van electoraat en publiek debat, de werkelijke beslissingen nemen. Terwijl de reële democratische volksinvloed daardoor verdwijnt, verwacht Burnham nadrukkelijk niet dat de Europese staten ook in naam zullen worden opgeheven. ‘De vele landen die feitelijk worden opgeheven zullen in naam blijven bestaan; ze kunnen als bestuurlijke subdivisies blijven functioneren, maar hebben geen soevereiniteit meer’.
Ook zullen er verkiezingen blijven; die geven de managers immers inzicht in de preferenties van de consument-burger terwijl ze bovendien aan mogelijke tegenkrachten een uitlaatklep bieden. Burnham voorspelt dus politiek theater in de vorm van schijnverkiezingen tussen kandidaten die over alle wezenlijke kwesties eender denken, die vervolgens tegen een vast maandsalaris voor de ogen van de argeloze toeschouwer debatteren in schijnparlementen, terwijl ondertussen allang vaststaat wat de uitkomst zal zijn - de knopen zijn immers elders al doorgehakt.
Het werk van James Burnham vormde niet alleen de belangrijkste inspiratiebron voor George Orwell’s 1984 : de kans is groot dat Burnham ook een beslissende invloed heeft gehad op Jean Monnet en Robert Schumann - de bedenkers van de huidige Europese Unie. Want nadat zij in eerste instantie probeerden om met open vizier een ‘United States of Europe’ door de nationale parlementen te loodsen (en zodoende langs koninklijke weg de volkeren onder te brengen in een continentaal staatsverband) kozen ze, nadat het Franse parlement hun plannen (onder luid gezang van de Marseillaise) in 1954 wegstemde, voor precies deze geleidelijke, tersluikse benadering uit 'The Managerial Revolution' om alsnog hun doel te bereiken.
I am always fascinated by the proces of absorption of reality into fantasy. Che along with swastika and so on becoming pop incons. This foto is part of "Street Fashion" set - a book project in progres. Mexico. 2005
Color of Life note
Biofluorescence results from the absorption of electromagnetic radiation at one wavelength by an organism, followed by its reemission at a longer and lower energy wavelength, visually resulting in green, orange, and red emission coloration. Many species of mantis shrimp, for example, make use of fluorescent body parts when in threat display in order to intimidate or confuse either a predator or a competing male.
Ref: Color sources, California Academy of Sciences Docent program May 2015
PLOS one Biofluorescence journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone...
TAXONOMY
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum:Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Stomatopoda
Family: Odontodactylidae
Genus/species: Odontodactylus scyllarus
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS: Beautifully colored in peacock colors of greens, blues, and reds. Has a green body, blue head, green antennal scales, red limbs. The body is elongated with a long, flattened , blue tail and ranges in size from 3–18 cm (1.2-7.0 in). Highly noticeable is the pair of clubbed-shaped, praying mantis-like claws.
DISTRIBUTION/HABITATS: Indo-Pacific Habitat: warm salt water and builds U-shaped burrows in gravel substrates. Depth ranges from 3-40 m (10-131 ft).
DIET IN THE WILD: Feeds on other shrimp, worms, snails, crabs, mollusks. Lies in wait for prey in front of burrow, then swims out and quickly crushes prey with a strong, powerful smash. The claw moves so quickly it generates cavitation bubbles, which explode with a second powerful burst. The speed with which the claw moves through the watergenerates a force 100 times the shrimp’s body weight.
REPRODUCTION: Monogamous. O. scyllarus mate, spawn, brood, and hatch their eggs in their burrows.
LONGEVITY: Often live in pairs for their entire lifetime (4-6 years).
PREDATORS: Yellow Fin tuna
CONSERVATION: IUCN Not Evaluated
REMARKS: Large peacock mantis shrimp generate forces powerful enough to crush the shell of a large conch, and have been known in captivity to break the glass of their tanks! Striking speed of 50+ mph.
The amazingly complex eyes of mantis shrimp detect 12 base colors (compared to our 3). They also can discern ultraviolet, infrared frequencies, and the polarization of light! .
References
California Academy of Sciences Steinhart Aquarium Water Planet, Senses Cluster (Sight) 2016
Animal Diversity Web animaldiversity.org/accounts/Odontodactylus_scyllarus/
Ron's Wordpress shortlink wp.me/p1DZ4b-We
Ron's flickr www.flickr.com/photos/cas_docents/sets/72157608602469734/
9-8-11, 4-22-13, 8-17-15, 2016
Three of the scanning lidars that were deployed for LAFE: the University of Hohenheim water vapor differential absorption lidar (UDIAL), University of Hohenheim rotational Raman lidar (URRL), and NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory Doppler scanning lidar (NDL, on top of the seatainer).
In August 2017, several state-of-the-art scanning lidar and remote sensing systems were deployed to the ARM Southern Great Plains (SGP) site for the Land-Atmosphere Feedback Experiment in order to collect data meant for improving study of feedback processes between the land surface and atmosphere.
Terms of Use: Our images are freely and publicly available for use with the credit line, “Image courtesy of the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) user facility.”
Image courtesy of Dave Turner.
CAMERA: Canon NEW F1
LENS: Canon fd lens 50mm f/1,4 S.S.C.
FILM: Color negative cine-film Svema LN-7 ISO 32 38 exp. -
FILM DEVELOPMENT: author's manual film development
ECN-2 handmade ki [10min 15sec 30 °C]
FILM SCANNED: OpticFilm Plustek 7400 with SilverFast Software
SHOOTING DATE: 6/2016
DEVELOPER DATE: 09/2016
TECHNIQUE: Multiple Exposure unedited.
NUMBER OF EXPOSURES: 2
NO POST-PROCESSING
OBJECT: Catenary arches of Casa Batllo
PLACE: Barcelona, Spain 2016
Processed assuming a colour temperature (CT) of 5000K.
Things to notice:
1. The blue is predominantly due to ozone absorption in the Chappuis band acting as a blue filter arching across the sky.
2. The yellow/apple-green twilight colour low in the sky is due to Rayleigh (molecular) scattering of sunlight towards your eye followed by Rayleigh scattering of some of this light our of that path. The 'in' part is proportional to the Rayleigh optical depth (tau) and the 'out' goes as the negative exponential of the same quantity. This combination, as the optical depth changes with the altitude of your viewpoint, produces the sweep of colours from orange red to blue (but is seen through the ozone blue filter).
3. The pink clouds are being illuminated by sunlight that has passed through a great depth of atmosphere and the colour is predominantly due to Rayleigh (and aerosol) scattering of light out of the beam - extinction - and ozone (Chappuis band) absorption.
4. Note also that the two vapour trails on the right are casting shadows onto the underside of the clouds.
Yeah, the streaks on this are from the camera...
No, it isn't a MECHANICAL problem with the camera (per say) or a CHEMICAL problem with the film...
See, there's this foam stuff they glued to the inside of the camera...it actually serves little purpose as to make the camera light tight or to avoid anything as far as I've observed, though it apparently did aid in sound dampening and possibly shock absorption...but since the camera was made in the SIXTIES, the material has DISINTEGRATED a bit, and essentially has become this sticky black mess...I THOUGHT at first this would be merely a nuisance...
BUT, the stickyness managed to find its way onto the film(?) and most certainly the guide plate (the slick black metal panel that pushes the film against the plane of exposure, allowing guidance of the film and proper exposure of the frame, etc.)
Suffice to say this sticky crap had an effect on the film.
This is obvious.
I didn't NOTICE this after I had run the Fuji Film through it, and will review the files I have from it to see if there is earlier evidence of it. I have a roll of Kodak that I used subsequent to the Fuji, but prior to the UC, so it MAY be unaffected by the stuff.
HOPEFULLY, since I have removed 99% of the black sticky foam crap and old adhesive marks with Masking/Freezer Tape (to be specific), the camera will not demonstrate this negative to exposure quality or the actual film state itself.
Had I had GAFFER's tape, or not found the tape I was using effective at not only covering, but REMOVING the old deteriorated foam and adhesive semi-goo, then I would have just covered everything in the first place or when I set about solving the streak problem.
I first noticed this problem on the negatives that the Walgreen's employee had erroneously recorded me as ordering (which they didn't let me keep as they needed to "count" the spent paper, essentially accounting for their mistake). Even though I was very concerned that it was in fact MY camera that was the culprit- I warned them of possible chemical or mechanical problems with the process as I didn't have the Ricoh on me to check it.
Suffice to say I was upset when I found out that the camera was the problem, so my Photo CDs and my more valuable negatives were affected as well.
The "streaks" as I'm calling them, don't appear to be just scratches or merely exposure disruptions...they are representative of direct trauma to at least one layer of the film and apparently the emulsion layer as well.
Oh well, live and learn.
Ruin film...and gain experience.
Trial and Error works for loads of things, hell it is partly how I noticed the lens I had on my Minolta XG-1 was broken in ADDITION to the XG-1 light meter apparently dying...
BUT, even though I have little planned for the cheap old camera body...I will add this simple statement I thought up during my recent "Camera Slinging" escapades.
Light meters...are for pussies.
Seriously, if you can't trust yourself to take a shot without some lights in the viewfinder or an outside tool to aide in calculating exposure time, you are not prepared to accept the consequences of pointing a camera, creating a composition in your head and shooting.
With or without prior consent, there are many things you can be held responsible for when taking an image.
This might be part of the reason why I've taken to just snapping semi-interesting objects and scenery around town lately and less people even with shots of people I know and don't know now uploaded to Flickr.
Never work with Children or Animals, not so with photography,
Experience begets wisdom.
Oh well, enough ranting, right?
The outer part of a dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) petal has an extraordinarily high ultraviolet reflectance relative to the visible green, yellow and red light. The spectrum here is measured from 200 – 1000nm with both a deuterium (DH-mini) and a tungsten-halogen (HL-2000) lamp using a Maya2000Pro spectrometer against a WS-1 reflectance standard..
In a flash, the visible spectrum of the Sun changed from absorption to emission on March 9 during the total solar eclipse. That fleeting moment, at the beginning the total eclipse phase, is captured by telephoto lens and diffraction grating in this image from clearing skies over Ternate, Indonesia. At left, the overwhelming light from the Sun is just blocked by the lunar disk. The normally dominant absorption spectrum of the solar photosphere is hidden. What remains, spread by the diffraction grating into the spectrum of colors to the right of the eclipsed Sun, are individual eclipse images. The images appear at each wavelength of light emitted by atoms along the thin visible arc of the solar chromosphere and in an enormous prominence extending beyond the Sun's upper limb. The brightest images, or strongest chromospheric emission lines, are due to Hydrogen atoms that produce the red hydrogen alpha emission at the far right and blue hydrogen beta emission to the left. In between, the bright yellow emission image is caused by atoms of Helium, an element only first discovered in the flash spectrum of the Sun. via NASA ift.tt/1pma33F
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Limestone, Classical, ca. 475-450 B.C.E., Said to be from the temple at Golgoi
After the absorption of Cyprus into the Persian Empire in 526/5 B.C.E., contacts increases with the wealthy East Greek cities on the western coast of Asia Minor, which had also fallen under Persian rule. The influence of Greek sculptural style can be seen in this statue of a man dedicated in a temple at Golgoi. He wears typical East Greek dress, a finely pleated linen chiton, and a woolen himation, and stands with left foot advanced in a pose that gives a subtle sense of movement. His smile and the jewel-like precision with which his hair and beard are carved remind one of Greek Archaic art of the sixth century B.C.E., but the style appears stiff and somewhat artificial in this statue, which was carved in the second quarter of the fifth century.
Like many Cypriot votive statues this figure wears a wreath of leaves and flowers. It is composed of oak leaves and stylized narcissus flowers, which must have evoked ideas of fertility and regeneration. The man holds gifts for the deity--a dove in his left hand and a cylindrical object, which probably represented a container of incense, in his right hand.
From the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
1 December 2014 - Vladimir Khanin, Chief Scientist, Ministry of Aliyah and Immigrant Absorption of Israel at the High-Level Policy Forum on Migration. OECD, Paris, France.
For more information about the forum, visit: www.oecd.org/migration-forum/
Photo: OECD/Julien Daniel
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Tree was planted near the cement that prevent the absorption of the water. The tree was sick and it had to be removed.
Powdered pigments from Kremer. White light reflectance and 633nm laser-excited fluorescence measurements. Note the very strong IR fluorescence, especially of the Egyptian blue.
The apparent emission peaks in the reflectance spectra at 945nm results from the OH absorption in the optical fibre delivering the white light to the pigment. The white light-excited fluorescence present in the reflectance signal does not pass through this fibre and so the computed reflectance (= sample/reference) contains an artificial 'emission' peak at the OH absorption wavelength.
Built to replace NBC's original 'NewsNook' (which was within the 3rd floor West's NBC News offices), this new NewsNook located in the Studio Building and named 'Studio 3E', is in what was a former conference room/office that was squeezed between the Studio 3A control room and a prop storage room. The window at left allows a view out to the hallway that connects the West Building and the Studio Building. When privacy is needed, two sound-absorptive panels can be placed over the window from the inside. The panels are resting on the floor below the window.
In a flash, the visible spectrum of the Sun changed from absorption to emission on March 9 during the total solar eclipse. That fleeting moment, at the beginning the total eclipse phase, is captured by telephoto lens and diffraction grating in this image from clearing skies over Ternate, Indonesia. At left, the overwhelming light from the Sun is just blocked by the lunar disk. The normally dominant absorption spectrum of the solar photosphere is hidden. What remains, spread by the diffraction grating into the spectrum of colors to the right of the eclipsed Sun, are individual eclipse images. The images appear at each wavelength of light emitted by atoms along the thin visible arc of the solar chromosphere and in an enormous prominence extending beyond the Sun's upper limb. The brightest images, or strongest chromospheric emission lines, are due to Hydrogen atoms that produce the red hydrogen alpha emission at the far right and blue hydrogen beta emission to the left. In between, the bright yellow emission image is caused by atoms of Helium, an element only first discovered in the flash spectrum of the Sun. via NASA ift.tt/1pma33F
May 2012
The Netherlands
Candid shots in and around the Public Transport in The Netherlands
Ricoh GRD IV
Please do not reproduce or use this picture without my explicit permission.
If you ask nicely I will probably say yes, just ask me first!
If you happen to be in one of my frames and have any objections to this.
Please contact me!
Please no glossy awards, scripted comments and big thumbnails back to your own work.
I will remove them...
Diagram to illustrate common spectra. The solar spectrum from outside the atmosphere comes from the HST calibration database.
This includes the spectra from a mercury (Hg) street-lamp, a quartz-halogen filament lamp and the transmission of a leaf - showing the chlorophyll spectral signature which includes a dramatic jump at 700nm (the 'chlorophyll red-edge').
A sequence of daylight and twilight relative irradiance spectra obtained as a test after the flux calibration of an Ocean Optics Maya 2000 Pro (200 - 1100nm) high sensitivity spectrometer.
The spectra were obtained on three dates in December 2017 and January 2018 from pointings in the southern sky using an Ocean Optics fibre collimator. Integration times ranged from 18ms to 25s and the dynamic range of the dataset is a factor of 100,000.
The refraction corrected solar altitudes from the daylight to the deepest twilight spectrum were (in degrees):
+11.4; -1.2; -2.1; -3.4; -4.0; -4.6; -5.2 and -7.2
This sequence clearly shows the development of the broad Chappuis band of ozone as at the path traversed by setting (or rising) sunlight takes through the atmosphere increases (decreases) during twilight. This increasing absorption of the yellow, green and red parts of the spectrum results in the twilight sky becoming much bluer that it ever is during daylight.
This blue - the origin of the artist's and photographer's "Blue Hour" - has a far-red tinge which results in a deep but slightly purplish blue that is very distinct from the pure monatonic blue spectrum of the clear sky due to Rayleigh scattering. Coincidentally, this purplish blue is very well represented by the ultramarine pigment long-used by artists and originally derived from ground and purified lapis lazuli from Afghanistan.
The relative flux calibration is carried out using an Osram Type 64225 10W G4 6V (NAED 54260) halogen display/optic lamp running at 6.10V in a 4cm cubical housing clad with aluminium foil with a 1cm diameter opening in its top side. The lamp output from this aperture strikes a neutral opal diffuser before entering the spectrometer through the fibre collimator.
This lamp output has been compared with atmospheric extinction corrected observations of direct sunlight through the same neutral diffuser and found to a a good approximation to a Planck function (black body) with a colour temperature of 3080 +/- 20K. The lamp output measured by the spectrometer in counts/channel divided by the Planck function, B_lamda(3080K), is used as the calibration curve. This results in a relative irradiance scale in energy flux per unit wavelength from which the small-scale structure (channel-to-channel) in the spectrometer response has also been removed.
This Maya spectrometer is currently being used on several projects at the UCL Department of Ophthalmology, one of which concerns the seasonal adaptation of reindeer eyes to the to the 8 month/year exposure the animals have to artic twilight conditions ( rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/royprsb/280/1773/... )
An excellent and useful paper on environmental light in both remote and urban regions is available at: www.nature.com/articles/srep26756