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Schwere See an Italiens Küste.
Nun ja is nur der Comer See bei Bellagio, hat aber gereicht um die Wasserdichtheit der D800E ein wenig zu testen.
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Heavy sea at Italys coast.
OK, it's only Lake Como, but the waves were high enough to check my D800E's waterproofness.
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Please darken your room, lay back and enjoy this picture in the LIGHTBOX . . . . . . . . . . . . looks muuuch better. PROMISE !
bisher unveröffentlichtes Bild eines Raketenstartes (1982) vom Weltraumbahnhof Witten-Annen. Er brachte einen Sateliten in die Umlaufbahn der Erde, der Experimente zum Thema Verhalten von Planetenwalzenextrudern in der Schwerelosigkeit testen sollte.
previously unpublished picture of a rocket launch (1982)
from the Witten-Annen spaceport. He put a satellite in the earth's orbit to test experiments on the behavior of planetary roller extruders in weightlessness.
Ich hatte das Vergnügen, ein sehr seltenes Weitwinkel der 1960er aus Wetzlar zu testen, ein Summilux-M 1,4/35mm steel rim, silbern verchromt. Bei Offenblende sehr beeindruckend, Leica-Glow, nicht mit Bildbearbeitungsprogrammen zu reproduzieren.
I had the pleasure of testing a very rare 1960's wide angle lens from Wetzlar, the vintage Summilux-M 1.4/35mm steel rim, silver chrome plated. Very impressive when using open aperture, Leica glow, cannot be reproduced with image processing programs.
ONE OF THE WAY TO TRAIN THE "THE AWARENESS MUSCLE
is the critical run
and other emergency art format
CRITICAL RUN / Debate Format
Critical Run is an Art Format created by Thierry Geoffroy/Colonel
debate while running .
Debate and Run together,Now,before it is too late.
www.emergencyroomscanvas todo .org/criticalrun.html
The Art Format Critical Run has been activated in 30 differents countries with 120 different burning debates
New York,Cairo,London,Istanbul,Athens,Hanoi,Paris,Munich,Amsterdam Siberia,Copenhagen,Johanesburg,Moskow,Napoli,Sydney,
Wroclaw,Bruxelles,Rotterdam,Barcelona,Venice,Virginia,Stockholm,Århus,Kassel,Lyon,Trondheim, Berlin ,Toronto,Hannover ...
CRITICAL RUN happened on invitation from institution like Moma/PS1, Moderna Muset Stockholm ,Witte de With Rotterdam,ZKM Karlsruhe,Liverpool Biennale;Sprengel Museum etc..or have just happened on the spot because
a debate was necessary here and now.
In 2020 the Energy Room was an installation of 40 Critical Run at Museum Villa Stuck /Munich
part of Colonel solo show : The Awareness Muscle Training Center
----
Interesting publication for researches on running and art
www.emergencyrooms.org/formats.html
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------------about Venice Biennale history from wikipedia ---------
curators previous
* 1948 – Rodolfo Pallucchini
* 1966 – Gian Alberto Dell'Acqua
* 1968 – Maurizio Calvesi and Guido Ballo
* 1970 – Umbro Apollonio
* 1972 – Mario Penelope
* 1974 – Vittorio Gregotti
* 1978 – Luigi Scarpa
* 1980 – Luigi Carluccio
* 1982 – Sisto Dalla Palma
* 1984 – Maurizio Calvesi
* 1986 – Maurizio Calvesi
* 1988 – Giovanni Carandente
* 1990 – Giovanni Carandente
* 1993 – Achille Bonito Oliva
* 1995 – Jean Clair
* 1997 – Germano Celant
* 1999 – Harald Szeemann
* 2001 – Harald Szeemann
* 2003 – Francesco Bonami
* 2005 – María de Corral and Rosa Martinez
* 2007 – Robert Storr
* 2009 – Daniel Birnbaum
* 2011 – Bice Curiger
* 2013 – Massimiliano Gioni
* 2015 – Okwui Enwezor
* 2017 – Christine Macel[19]
* 2019 – Ralph Rugoff[20]
----------
#art #artist #artistic #artists #arte #artwork
Pavilion at the Venice Biennale #artcontemporain contemporary art Giardini arsenal
venice Veneziako VenecijaVenècia Venedig Venetië Veneetsia Venetsia Venise Venecia VenedigΒενετία( Venetía Hungarian Velence Feneyjar Venice Venezia Venēcija Venezja Venezia Wenecja Veneza VenețiaVenetsiya BenátkyBenetke Venecia Fenisוועניס Վենետիկ ভেনি স威尼斯 (wēinísī) 威尼斯 ვენეციისવે નિસवेनिसヴェネツィアವೆನಿಸ್베니스வெனிஸ்వెనిస్เวนิซوینس Venetsiya
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other Biennale :(Biennials ) :
Venice Biennial , Documenta Havana Biennial,Istanbul Biennial ( Istanbuli),Biennale de Lyon ,Dak'Art Berlin Biennial,Mercosul Visual Arts Biennial ,Bienal do Mercosul Porto Alegre.,Berlin Biennial ,Echigo-Tsumari Triennial .Yokohama Triennial Aichi Triennale,manifesta ,Copenhagen Biennale,Aichi Triennale .Yokohama Triennial,Echigo-Tsumari Triennial.Sharjah Biennial ,Biennale of Sydney, Liverpool , São Paulo Biennial ; Athens Biennale , Bienal do Mercosul ,Göteborg International Biennial for Contemporary Art ,DOCUMENTA KASSEL ATHENS
* Dakar
kritik [edit] kritikaria kritičar crític kritiker criticus kriitik kriitikko critique crítico Kritiker κριτικός(kritikós) kritikus Gagnrýnandi léirmheastóir critico kritiķis kritikas kritiku krytyk crítico critic crítico krytyk beirniad קריטיקער
Basque Veneziako Venecija [edit] Catalan Venècia Venedig Venetië Veneetsia Venetsia Venise Venecia Venedig Βενετία(Venetía) Hungarian Velence Feneyjar Venice Venezia Latvian Venēcija Venezja Venezia Wenecja Portuguese Veneza Veneția Venetsiya Benátky Benetke Venecia Fenis וועניס Վենետիկ ভেনিস 威尼斯 (wēinísī) 威尼斯 Georgian ვენეციის વેનિસ वेनिस ヴェネツィア ವೆನಿಸ್ 베니스 வெனிஸ் వెనిస్ เวนิซ وینس Venetsiya
Thierry Geoffroy / Colonel
#thierrygeoffroy #geoffroycolonel #thierrygeoffroycololonel #lecolonel #biennalist
#artformat #formatart
#emergencyart #urgencyart #urgentart #artofthenow #nowart
emergency art emergency art urgency artist de garde vagt alarm emergency room necessityart artistrole exigencyart predicament prediction pressureart
#InstitutionalCritique
#venicebiennale #venicebiennale2017 #venicebiennale2015
#venicebiennale2019
#venice #biennale #venicebiennale #venezia #italy
#venezia #venice #veniceitaly #venicebiennale
#pastlife #memory #venicebiennale #venice #Venezia #italy #hotelveniceitalia #artexhibit #artshow #internationalart #contemporaryart #themundane #summerday
#biennalevenice
Institutional Critique
Identity Politics Post-War Consumerism, Engagement with Mass Media, Performance Art, The Body, Film/Video, Political, Collage, , Cultural Commentary, Self as Subject, Color Photography, Related to Fashion, Digital Culture, Photography, Human Figure, Technology
Racial and Ethnic Identity, Neo-Conceptualism, Diaristic
Contemporary Re-creations, Popular Culture, Appropriation, Contemporary Sculpture,
Culture, Collective History, Group of Portraits, Photographic Source
, Endurance Art, Film/Video,, Conceptual Art and Contemporary Conceptualism, Color Photography, Human Figure, Cultural Commentary
War and Military, Political Figures, Social Action, Racial and Ethnic Identity, Conflict
Personal Histories, Alter Egos and Avatars
Use of Common Materials, Found Objects, Related to Literature, Installation, Mixed-Media, Engagement with Mass Media, Collage,, Outdoor Art, Work on Paper, Text
Appropriation (art) Art intervention Classificatory disputes about art Conceptual art Environmental sculpture Found object Interactive art Modern art Neo-conceptual art Performance art Sound art Sound installation Street installations Video installation Conceptual art Art movements Postmodern art Contemporary art Art media Aesthetics Conceptualism
Post-conceptualism Anti-anti-art Body art Conceptual architecture Contemporary art Experiments in Art and Technology Found object Happening Fluxus Information art Installation art Intermedia Land art Modern art Neo-conceptual art Net art Postmodern art Generative Art Street installation Systems art Video art Visual arts ART/MEDIA conceptual artis
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CRITICAL RUN is an art format developed by Thierry Geoffroy / COLONEL, It follows the spirit of ULTRACONTEMPORARY and EMERGENCY ART as well as aims to train the AWARENESS MUSCLE.
Critical Run has been activated on invitation from institutions such as Moderna Muset Stockholm, Moma PS1 ,Witte de With Rotterdam, ZKM Karlsruhe, Liverpool Biennale, Manifesta Biennial ,Sprengel Museum,Venice Biennale but have also just happened on the spot because a debate was necessary here and now.
It has been activated in Beijing, Cairo, London, Istanbul, Athens, Kassel, Sao Paolo, Hanoi, Istanbul, Paris, Copenhagen, Moskow, Napoli, Sydney, Wroclaw, Bruxelles, Rotterdam, Siberia, Karlsruhe, Barcelona, Aalborg, Venice, Virginia, Stockholm, Aarhus, Rio de Janeiro, Budapest, Washington, Lyon, Caracas, Trondheim, Berlin, Toronto, Hannover, Haage, Newtown, Cartagena, Tallinn, Herning, Roskilde;Mannheim ;Munich etc...
The run debates are about emergency topics like Climate Change , Xenophobia , Wars , Hyppocrisie , Apathy ,etc ...
Participants have been very various from Sweddish art critics , German police , American climate activist , Chinese Gallerists , Brasilian students , etc ...
Critical Run is an art format , like Emergency Room or Biennalist and is part of Emergency Art ULTRACONTEMPORARY and AWARENESS MUSCLE .
www.emergencyrooms.org/criticalrun.html
www.emergencyrooms.org/formats.html
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In 2020 a large exhibition will show 40 of the Critical Run at the Museum Villa Stuck in Munich / part of the Awareness Muscle Training Center
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for activating the format or for inviting the installation
please contact 1@colonel.dk
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critical,run,art,format,debate ,artformat,formatart,moment,clarity,emergency,kunst,
Sport,effort,curator,artist,urgency,urgence,criticalrun,emergencies,ultracontemporary
,rundebate,sport,art,activism, critic,laufen,Thierry Geoffroy , Colonel,kunstformat
,now art,copenhagen,denmark
Reportage Umag mit Lena - youtu.be/V2gcFEdPRwo
Das V-Blog zum Anschauen mit allen Teilen - bit.ly/V-Blog-Umag
Zimmerführung Zimmer 663 Garden Sol Istra - youtu.be/a88lqqTSUFM
Wir freuen uns, wenn Ihr unsere Arbeit untersützen wollt: www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_bu...
Hier kannst Du Deine Unterkunft für Deinen Urlaub in Umag direkt buchen - www.booking.com/searchresults.en.html?city=-99181&aid...
Gisteren kortstondig naar de nieuwe tramlijn in Utrecht ( lijn 22) geweest. Tussen CS en de Uithof wordt volop proefgereden met de CAF Urbos, maar nog zonder reizigers. Om er te komen dien je dus je zelf in dubbelgelede buslijn 12 te proppen die elke 4 minuten via een afschuwelijke kronkelroute door de binnenstad zijn weg baant naar het universiteitscomplex. De bussen zijn traag, lawaaiig en hebben , ondanks hun lengte verrassend weinig zitplaatscapaciteit- dit vanwege de extra wielkasten, massieve geledingen en de 5 dubbele deuren. Daarin zal de tram een grote verbetering brengen, naast een veel hogere snelheid en betere route. Op en rond de halte Kromme Rijn was er net een half uurtje beschikbaar voor het maken van foto's. Deze locatie gekozen omdat het eindpunt al talloze malen in beeld is geweest bij andere belangstellenden. De trams rijden inmiddels in een strakke 5 minuten regeling, wat er op duidt dat het proefbedrijf inmiddels soepel verloopt. 29 juli zingt nu rond als datum waarop voor het eerst met passagiers gereden kan worden- maar laten we dat nog even afwachten.
Hier vertrekt de 6015 van de halte Kromme Rijn richting CS.
De oversteek van de Platolaan / Weg naar Rhijnauwen is met lichtsignalen en "overwegbellen" uitgerust.
Rollei TE 35 | APX 100 NEW 100@50
AM74 1+7 / 3,0 Min / 20°C Info
Ich habe den APX 100 NEW (identisch mit Kentmere 100) auf 50 ASA belichtet. Viel Sonne. Ich denke die Ergebnisse sind sehr gut. Beim Scannen habe ich das Profil für einen Kodak TRIX 400 oder Ilford FP4+ ausgewählt. Ich muss noch testen ob sich die Negative im Labor auch gut vergrößern lassen.
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I exposed the APX 100 NEW (identical to the Kentmere 100) at 50 ASA. Lots of sun. I think the results are very good. When scanning, I selected the profile for a Kodak TRIX 400 or Ilford FP4+. I still have to test whether the negatives can be enlarged well in the lab.
ONE OF THE WAY TO TRAIN THE "THE AWARENESS MUSCLE
is the critical run
and other emergency art format
CRITICAL RUN / Debate Format
Critical Run is an Art Format created by Thierry Geoffroy/Colonel
debate while running .
Debate and Run together,Now,before it is too late.
www.emergencyroomscanvas todo .org/criticalrun.html
The Art Format Critical Run has been activated in 30 differents countries with 120 different burning debates
New York,Cairo,London,Istanbul,Athens,Hanoi,Paris,Munich,Amsterdam Siberia,Copenhagen,Johanesburg,Moskow,Napoli,Sydney,
Wroclaw,Bruxelles,Rotterdam,Barcelona,Venice,Virginia,Stockholm,Århus,Kassel,Lyon,Trondheim, Berlin ,Toronto,Hannover ...
CRITICAL RUN happened on invitation from institution like Moma/PS1, Moderna Muset Stockholm ,Witte de With Rotterdam,ZKM Karlsruhe,Liverpool Biennale;Sprengel Museum etc..or have just happened on the spot because
a debate was necessary here and now.
In 2020 the Energy Room was an installation of 40 Critical Run at Museum Villa Stuck /Munich
part of Colonel solo show : The Awareness Muscle Training Center
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Interesting publication for researches on running and art
www.emergencyrooms.org/formats.html
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------------about Venice Biennale history from wikipedia ---------
curators previous
* 1948 – Rodolfo Pallucchini
* 1966 – Gian Alberto Dell'Acqua
* 1968 – Maurizio Calvesi and Guido Ballo
* 1970 – Umbro Apollonio
* 1972 – Mario Penelope
* 1974 – Vittorio Gregotti
* 1978 – Luigi Scarpa
* 1980 – Luigi Carluccio
* 1982 – Sisto Dalla Palma
* 1984 – Maurizio Calvesi
* 1986 – Maurizio Calvesi
* 1988 – Giovanni Carandente
* 1990 – Giovanni Carandente
* 1993 – Achille Bonito Oliva
* 1995 – Jean Clair
* 1997 – Germano Celant
* 1999 – Harald Szeemann
* 2001 – Harald Szeemann
* 2003 – Francesco Bonami
* 2005 – María de Corral and Rosa Martinez
* 2007 – Robert Storr
* 2009 – Daniel Birnbaum
* 2011 – Bice Curiger
* 2013 – Massimiliano Gioni
* 2015 – Okwui Enwezor
* 2017 – Christine Macel[19]
* 2019 – Ralph Rugoff[20]
----------
#art #artist #artistic #artists #arte #artwork
Pavilion at the Venice Biennale #artcontemporain contemporary art Giardini arsenal
venice Veneziako VenecijaVenècia Venedig Venetië Veneetsia Venetsia Venise Venecia VenedigΒενετία( Venetía Hungarian Velence Feneyjar Venice Venezia Venēcija Venezja Venezia Wenecja Veneza VenețiaVenetsiya BenátkyBenetke Venecia Fenisוועניס Վենետիկ ভেনি স威尼斯 (wēinísī) 威尼斯 ვენეციისવે નિસवेनिसヴェネツィアವೆನಿಸ್베니스வெனிஸ்వెనిస్เวนิซوینس Venetsiya
art umjetnost umění kunst taide τέχνη művészetList ealaín arte māksla menasarti Kunst sztuka artă umenie umetnost konstcelfקונסטարվեստincəsənətশিল্প艺术(yìshù)藝術 (yìshù)ხელოვნებაकलाkos duabアートಕಲೆសិល្បៈ미술(misul)ສິນລະປະകലकलाအတတ်ပညာकलाකලාවகலைఆర్ట్ศิลปะ آرٹsan'atnghệ thuậtفن (fan)אומנותهنرsanat artist
other Biennale :(Biennials ) :
Venice Biennial , Documenta Havana Biennial,Istanbul Biennial ( Istanbuli),Biennale de Lyon ,Dak'Art Berlin Biennial,Mercosul Visual Arts Biennial ,Bienal do Mercosul Porto Alegre.,Berlin Biennial ,Echigo-Tsumari Triennial .Yokohama Triennial Aichi Triennale,manifesta ,Copenhagen Biennale,Aichi Triennale .Yokohama Triennial,Echigo-Tsumari Triennial.Sharjah Biennial ,Biennale of Sydney, Liverpool , São Paulo Biennial ; Athens Biennale , Bienal do Mercosul ,Göteborg International Biennial for Contemporary Art ,DOCUMENTA KASSEL ATHENS
* Dakar
kritik [edit] kritikaria kritičar crític kritiker criticus kriitik kriitikko critique crítico Kritiker κριτικός(kritikós) kritikus Gagnrýnandi léirmheastóir critico kritiķis kritikas kritiku krytyk crítico critic crítico krytyk beirniad קריטיקער
Basque Veneziako Venecija [edit] Catalan Venècia Venedig Venetië Veneetsia Venetsia Venise Venecia Venedig Βενετία(Venetía) Hungarian Velence Feneyjar Venice Venezia Latvian Venēcija Venezja Venezia Wenecja Portuguese Veneza Veneția Venetsiya Benátky Benetke Venecia Fenis וועניס Վենետիկ ভেনিস 威尼斯 (wēinísī) 威尼斯 Georgian ვენეციის વેનિસ वेनिस ヴェネツィア ವೆನಿಸ್ 베니스 வெனிஸ் వెనిస్ เวนิซ وینس Venetsiya
Thierry Geoffroy / Colonel
#thierrygeoffroy #geoffroycolonel #thierrygeoffroycololonel #lecolonel #biennalist
#artformat #formatart
#emergencyart #urgencyart #urgentart #artofthenow #nowart
emergency art emergency art urgency artist de garde vagt alarm emergency room necessityart artistrole exigencyart predicament prediction pressureart
#InstitutionalCritique
#venicebiennale #venicebiennale2017 #venicebiennale2015
#venicebiennale2019
#venice #biennale #venicebiennale #venezia #italy
#venezia #venice #veniceitaly #venicebiennale
#pastlife #memory #venicebiennale #venice #Venezia #italy #hotelveniceitalia #artexhibit #artshow #internationalart #contemporaryart #themundane #summerday
#biennalevenice
Institutional Critique
Identity Politics Post-War Consumerism, Engagement with Mass Media, Performance Art, The Body, Film/Video, Political, Collage, , Cultural Commentary, Self as Subject, Color Photography, Related to Fashion, Digital Culture, Photography, Human Figure, Technology
Racial and Ethnic Identity, Neo-Conceptualism, Diaristic
Contemporary Re-creations, Popular Culture, Appropriation, Contemporary Sculpture,
Culture, Collective History, Group of Portraits, Photographic Source
, Endurance Art, Film/Video,, Conceptual Art and Contemporary Conceptualism, Color Photography, Human Figure, Cultural Commentary
War and Military, Political Figures, Social Action, Racial and Ethnic Identity, Conflict
Personal Histories, Alter Egos and Avatars
Use of Common Materials, Found Objects, Related to Literature, Installation, Mixed-Media, Engagement with Mass Media, Collage,, Outdoor Art, Work on Paper, Text
Appropriation (art) Art intervention Classificatory disputes about art Conceptual art Environmental sculpture Found object Interactive art Modern art Neo-conceptual art Performance art Sound art Sound installation Street installations Video installation Conceptual art Art movements Postmodern art Contemporary art Art media Aesthetics Conceptualism
Post-conceptualism Anti-anti-art Body art Conceptual architecture Contemporary art Experiments in Art and Technology Found object Happening Fluxus Information art Installation art Intermedia Land art Modern art Neo-conceptual art Net art Postmodern art Generative Art Street installation Systems art Video art Visual arts ART/MEDIA conceptual artis
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CRITICAL RUN is an art format developed by Thierry Geoffroy / COLONEL, It follows the spirit of ULTRACONTEMPORARY and EMERGENCY ART as well as aims to train the AWARENESS MUSCLE.
Critical Run has been activated on invitation from institutions such as Moderna Muset Stockholm, Moma PS1 ,Witte de With Rotterdam, ZKM Karlsruhe, Liverpool Biennale, Manifesta Biennial ,Sprengel Museum,Venice Biennale but have also just happened on the spot because a debate was necessary here and now.
It has been activated in Beijing, Cairo, London, Istanbul, Athens, Kassel, Sao Paolo, Hanoi, Istanbul, Paris, Copenhagen, Moskow, Napoli, Sydney, Wroclaw, Bruxelles, Rotterdam, Siberia, Karlsruhe, Barcelona, Aalborg, Venice, Virginia, Stockholm, Aarhus, Rio de Janeiro, Budapest, Washington, Lyon, Caracas, Trondheim, Berlin, Toronto, Hannover, Haage, Newtown, Cartagena, Tallinn, Herning, Roskilde;Mannheim ;Munich etc...
The run debates are about emergency topics like Climate Change , Xenophobia , Wars , Hyppocrisie , Apathy ,etc ...
Participants have been very various from Sweddish art critics , German police , American climate activist , Chinese Gallerists , Brasilian students , etc ...
Critical Run is an art format , like Emergency Room or Biennalist and is part of Emergency Art ULTRACONTEMPORARY and AWARENESS MUSCLE .
www.emergencyrooms.org/criticalrun.html
www.emergencyrooms.org/formats.html
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In 2020 a large exhibition will show 40 of the Critical Run at the Museum Villa Stuck in Munich / part of the Awareness Muscle Training Center
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for activating the format or for inviting the installation
please contact 1@colonel.dk
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critical,run,art,format,debate ,artformat,formatart,moment,clarity,emergency,kunst,
Sport,effort,curator,artist,urgency,urgence,criticalrun,emergencies,ultracontemporary
,rundebate,sport,art,activism, critic,laufen,Thierry Geoffroy , Colonel,kunstformat
,now art,copenhagen,denmark
ONE OF THE WAY TO TRAIN THE "THE AWARENESS MUSCLE
is the critical run
and other emergency art format
CRITICAL RUN / Debate Format
Critical Run is an Art Format created by Thierry Geoffroy/Colonel
debate while running .
Debate and Run together,Now,before it is too late.
www.emergencyroomscanvas todo .org/criticalrun.html
The Art Format Critical Run has been activated in 30 differents countries with 120 different burning debates
New York,Cairo,London,Istanbul,Athens,Hanoi,Paris,Munich,Amsterdam Siberia,Copenhagen,Johanesburg,Moskow,Napoli,Sydney,
Wroclaw,Bruxelles,Rotterdam,Barcelona,Venice,Virginia,Stockholm,Århus,Kassel,Lyon,Trondheim, Berlin ,Toronto,Hannover ...
CRITICAL RUN happened on invitation from institution like Moma/PS1, Moderna Muset Stockholm ,Witte de With Rotterdam,ZKM Karlsruhe,Liverpool Biennale;Sprengel Museum etc..or have just happened on the spot because
a debate was necessary here and now.
In 2020 the Energy Room was an installation of 40 Critical Run at Museum Villa Stuck /Munich
part of Colonel solo show : The Awareness Muscle Training Center
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Interesting publication for researches on running and art
www.emergencyrooms.org/formats.html
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------------about Venice Biennale history from wikipedia ---------
curators previous
* 1948 – Rodolfo Pallucchini
* 1966 – Gian Alberto Dell'Acqua
* 1968 – Maurizio Calvesi and Guido Ballo
* 1970 – Umbro Apollonio
* 1972 – Mario Penelope
* 1974 – Vittorio Gregotti
* 1978 – Luigi Scarpa
* 1980 – Luigi Carluccio
* 1982 – Sisto Dalla Palma
* 1984 – Maurizio Calvesi
* 1986 – Maurizio Calvesi
* 1988 – Giovanni Carandente
* 1990 – Giovanni Carandente
* 1993 – Achille Bonito Oliva
* 1995 – Jean Clair
* 1997 – Germano Celant
* 1999 – Harald Szeemann
* 2001 – Harald Szeemann
* 2003 – Francesco Bonami
* 2005 – María de Corral and Rosa Martinez
* 2007 – Robert Storr
* 2009 – Daniel Birnbaum
* 2011 – Bice Curiger
* 2013 – Massimiliano Gioni
* 2015 – Okwui Enwezor
* 2017 – Christine Macel[19]
* 2019 – Ralph Rugoff[20]
----------
#art #artist #artistic #artists #arte #artwork
Pavilion at the Venice Biennale #artcontemporain contemporary art Giardini arsenal
venice Veneziako VenecijaVenècia Venedig Venetië Veneetsia Venetsia Venise Venecia VenedigΒενετία( Venetía Hungarian Velence Feneyjar Venice Venezia Venēcija Venezja Venezia Wenecja Veneza VenețiaVenetsiya BenátkyBenetke Venecia Fenisוועניס Վենետիկ ভেনি স威尼斯 (wēinísī) 威尼斯 ვენეციისવે નિસवेनिसヴェネツィアವೆನಿಸ್베니스வெனிஸ்వెనిస్เวนิซوینس Venetsiya
art umjetnost umění kunst taide τέχνη művészetList ealaín arte māksla menasarti Kunst sztuka artă umenie umetnost konstcelfקונסטարվեստincəsənətশিল্প艺术(yìshù)藝術 (yìshù)ხელოვნებაकलाkos duabアートಕಲೆសិល្បៈ미술(misul)ສິນລະປະകലकलाအတတ်ပညာकलाකලාවகலைఆర్ట్ศิลปะ آرٹsan'atnghệ thuậtفن (fan)אומנותهنرsanat artist
other Biennale :(Biennials ) :
Venice Biennial , Documenta Havana Biennial,Istanbul Biennial ( Istanbuli),Biennale de Lyon ,Dak'Art Berlin Biennial,Mercosul Visual Arts Biennial ,Bienal do Mercosul Porto Alegre.,Berlin Biennial ,Echigo-Tsumari Triennial .Yokohama Triennial Aichi Triennale,manifesta ,Copenhagen Biennale,Aichi Triennale .Yokohama Triennial,Echigo-Tsumari Triennial.Sharjah Biennial ,Biennale of Sydney, Liverpool , São Paulo Biennial ; Athens Biennale , Bienal do Mercosul ,Göteborg International Biennial for Contemporary Art ,DOCUMENTA KASSEL ATHENS
* Dakar
kritik [edit] kritikaria kritičar crític kritiker criticus kriitik kriitikko critique crítico Kritiker κριτικός(kritikós) kritikus Gagnrýnandi léirmheastóir critico kritiķis kritikas kritiku krytyk crítico critic crítico krytyk beirniad קריטיקער
Basque Veneziako Venecija [edit] Catalan Venècia Venedig Venetië Veneetsia Venetsia Venise Venecia Venedig Βενετία(Venetía) Hungarian Velence Feneyjar Venice Venezia Latvian Venēcija Venezja Venezia Wenecja Portuguese Veneza Veneția Venetsiya Benátky Benetke Venecia Fenis וועניס Վենետիկ ভেনিস 威尼斯 (wēinísī) 威尼斯 Georgian ვენეციის વેનિસ वेनिस ヴェネツィア ವೆನಿಸ್ 베니스 வெனிஸ் వెనిస్ เวนิซ وینس Venetsiya
Thierry Geoffroy / Colonel
#thierrygeoffroy #geoffroycolonel #thierrygeoffroycololonel #lecolonel #biennalist
#artformat #formatart
#emergencyart #urgencyart #urgentart #artofthenow #nowart
emergency art emergency art urgency artist de garde vagt alarm emergency room necessityart artistrole exigencyart predicament prediction pressureart
#InstitutionalCritique
#venicebiennale #venicebiennale2017 #venicebiennale2015
#venicebiennale2019
#venice #biennale #venicebiennale #venezia #italy
#venezia #venice #veniceitaly #venicebiennale
#pastlife #memory #venicebiennale #venice #Venezia #italy #hotelveniceitalia #artexhibit #artshow #internationalart #contemporaryart #themundane #summerday
#biennalevenice
Institutional Critique
Identity Politics Post-War Consumerism, Engagement with Mass Media, Performance Art, The Body, Film/Video, Political, Collage, , Cultural Commentary, Self as Subject, Color Photography, Related to Fashion, Digital Culture, Photography, Human Figure, Technology
Racial and Ethnic Identity, Neo-Conceptualism, Diaristic
Contemporary Re-creations, Popular Culture, Appropriation, Contemporary Sculpture,
Culture, Collective History, Group of Portraits, Photographic Source
, Endurance Art, Film/Video,, Conceptual Art and Contemporary Conceptualism, Color Photography, Human Figure, Cultural Commentary
War and Military, Political Figures, Social Action, Racial and Ethnic Identity, Conflict
Personal Histories, Alter Egos and Avatars
Use of Common Materials, Found Objects, Related to Literature, Installation, Mixed-Media, Engagement with Mass Media, Collage,, Outdoor Art, Work on Paper, Text
Appropriation (art) Art intervention Classificatory disputes about art Conceptual art Environmental sculpture Found object Interactive art Modern art Neo-conceptual art Performance art Sound art Sound installation Street installations Video installation Conceptual art Art movements Postmodern art Contemporary art Art media Aesthetics Conceptualism
Post-conceptualism Anti-anti-art Body art Conceptual architecture Contemporary art Experiments in Art and Technology Found object Happening Fluxus Information art Installation art Intermedia Land art Modern art Neo-conceptual art Net art Postmodern art Generative Art Street installation Systems art Video art Visual arts ART/MEDIA conceptual artis
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CRITICAL RUN is an art format developed by Thierry Geoffroy / COLONEL, It follows the spirit of ULTRACONTEMPORARY and EMERGENCY ART as well as aims to train the AWARENESS MUSCLE.
Critical Run has been activated on invitation from institutions such as Moderna Muset Stockholm, Moma PS1 ,Witte de With Rotterdam, ZKM Karlsruhe, Liverpool Biennale, Manifesta Biennial ,Sprengel Museum,Venice Biennale but have also just happened on the spot because a debate was necessary here and now.
It has been activated in Beijing, Cairo, London, Istanbul, Athens, Kassel, Sao Paolo, Hanoi, Istanbul, Paris, Copenhagen, Moskow, Napoli, Sydney, Wroclaw, Bruxelles, Rotterdam, Siberia, Karlsruhe, Barcelona, Aalborg, Venice, Virginia, Stockholm, Aarhus, Rio de Janeiro, Budapest, Washington, Lyon, Caracas, Trondheim, Berlin, Toronto, Hannover, Haage, Newtown, Cartagena, Tallinn, Herning, Roskilde;Mannheim ;Munich etc...
The run debates are about emergency topics like Climate Change , Xenophobia , Wars , Hyppocrisie , Apathy ,etc ...
Participants have been very various from Sweddish art critics , German police , American climate activist , Chinese Gallerists , Brasilian students , etc ...
Critical Run is an art format , like Emergency Room or Biennalist and is part of Emergency Art ULTRACONTEMPORARY and AWARENESS MUSCLE .
www.emergencyrooms.org/criticalrun.html
www.emergencyrooms.org/formats.html
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In 2020 a large exhibition will show 40 of the Critical Run at the Museum Villa Stuck in Munich / part of the Awareness Muscle Training Center
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for activating the format or for inviting the installation
please contact 1@colonel.dk
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critical,run,art,format,debate ,artformat,formatart,moment,clarity,emergency,kunst,
Sport,effort,curator,artist,urgency,urgence,criticalrun,emergencies,ultracontemporary
,rundebate,sport,art,activism, critic,laufen,Thierry Geoffroy , Colonel,kunstformat
,now art,copenhagen,denmark
Reportage Umag mit Lena - youtu.be/V2gcFEdPRwo
Das V-Blog zum Anschauen mit allen Teilen - bit.ly/V-Blog-Umag
Zimmerführung Zimmer 663 Garden Sol Istra - youtu.be/a88lqqTSUFM
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The hole (I made it smaller for Blue Tits) was really to small for the Great Tits, first for him, but then also for her, with the eggs inside. So I made it bigger .
Now they like their box and I have reason to believe that the eggs are there, because they come and go not very often and no screams yet, when they return.
While I saw a Treepigeon testing last year's nest of Bero and Lina, a few weeks ago -now it was completly gone. Maybe they used it for another nest (as this one was very small anyway)
Das Loch (in Blaumeisen-Bauweise) war für die Kohlmeisen echt zu klein. Deshalb machte ich es größer - jetzt mögen sie ihren Nistkasten.
Ich glaube es sind schon Eier da, aber noch keines geschlüpft, daß typische Piepsen bei Ankunft des Papas fehlt noch.
Aber ich bin sehr zuversichtlich, daß alles gut geht :)) Toitoitoi !!!
Vor ein paar Wochen sah ich noch eine Ringeltaube Bero & Linas altes Nest testen (Probesitzen), doch nun war es komplett weg. Vielleicht zum Bau eines anderen Nests verwendet worden. Es war ja eh ziemlich klein.
Objektiv: ca. 35 Jahre altes Canon FD 35-70mm f4
Für den Urlaub mal testen.
Für 20-40,-€ bei Ebay zu finden.
date: f8 70mm manual Focus
Reportage Umag mit Lena - youtu.be/V2gcFEdPRwo
Das V-Blog zum Anschauen mit allen Teilen - bit.ly/V-Blog-Umag
Zimmerführung Zimmer 663 Garden Sol Istra - youtu.be/a88lqqTSUFM
Wir freuen uns, wenn Ihr unsere Arbeit untersützen wollt: www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_bu...
Hier kannst Du Deine Unterkunft für Deinen Urlaub in Umag direkt buchen - www.booking.com/searchresults.en.html?city=-99181&aid...
Reportage Umag mit Lena - youtu.be/V2gcFEdPRwo
Das V-Blog zum Anschauen mit allen Teilen - bit.ly/V-Blog-Umag
Zimmerführung Zimmer 663 Garden Sol Istra - youtu.be/a88lqqTSUFM
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On our Clay day with Britta, Gabi and Kirsten we all wanted to give Bettina's Pixelated Retro Cane Tutorial a try. The three others made beautiful canes with beautiful colors and beautiful combinations - I wanted to find answers to some of my quenstions:
What is the difference if you only take white, only take black or take black and white?
What ist the difference if the black and white disks are thinner than the colored disks?
What is the difference if you lay the clay strand in wider rows or in narrower (but more) rows?
How many centimeters clay strand will you get out of a given amount of disks?
What is the difference between thicker disks and thinner disks?
...
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An unserem Clayday mit Britta, Gabi und Kirsten wollten wir alle Bettinas Pixelated Retro Cane Tutorial ausprobieren. Die anderen drei haben wunderschöne canes mit wunderschönen Farben und wunderschönen Kombinationen gemacht - Ich wollte Antworten auf einige meiner Fragen finden:
Was ist der Unterschied wenn man nur weiß nimmt, nur schwarz nimmt oder weiß und schwarz nimmt?
Was ist der Unterschied wenn die schwarzen und weißen Scheiben dünner als die farbigen Scheiben sind?
Was ist der Unterschied wenn man den Claystrang in breiteren Reihen oder in schmaleren (aber mehr) Reihen legt?
Wie viele Zentimeter Claystrang bekommt man aus einer bestimmten Anzahl von Scheiben?
Was ist der Unterschied zwischen dickeren und dünneren Scheiben?
...
Nationaal Archief / Spaarnestad Photo, SFA022811654.
Luchtvaartschool. Op het vliegveld Soesterberg wordt in 1925 een begin gemaakt met de opleiding en het testen van aspirant vliegeniers/piloten. Foto: de leerling-piloot op de draaistoel neemt de houding aan die voorgeschreven wordt bij naderend gevaar.
In 1925 at Soesterberg airport a special training / educations is started of pilots to be. Picture: the advised position of a pilot in case of danger. Soesterberg, the Netherlands, 1925.
Collectie Spaarnestad
Voor meer informatie en voor meer foto’s uit de collectie van Spaarnestad Photo, bezoek onze Beeldbank:
U kunt ons helpen onze kennis van de fotocollecties te verrijken door tags en commentaren toe te voegen. Herkent u mensen of locaties of heeft u een bijzonder verhaal te vertellen bij één van de foto’s, laat dan een reactie achter (als u ingelogd bent bij Flickr) of stuur een mailtje naar: hhamelink@spaarnestadphoto.nl
You can help us gain more knowledge on the content of our collection by simply adding a comment with information. If you do not wish to log in, you can write an e-mail to: hhamelink@spaarnestadphoto.nl
Further testing of my preplanned setup.
First I have prepared parts of the frame and the seat post with some car scratch protection film. Had good experiences with this already from my Drifter. You could certainly also use the helicopter film I hear so much about for this.
Then I added 3 @topeak Ninja bottle cages on the fork lowers and below the down tube. They are rather nice because they already come with fitting zip ties and special rubber material for secure and low profile fastening. Still has to be tested before and whether I can rely on them, though. This way I now have room for up to 3,7 litres of fluid directly on the bike. More with stuffing bottles in a food pouch. Probably I’ll also take a small Camelbak Mule backpack with me. Inside the frame you see a 950 ml Elite fly bottle. Nice mouth piece and really light. I wish these had a more pronounced groove, though. All the bigger fly bottles sit a bit slanted in normal bottle cages.
Nevertheless, see the nice room I have in the frame triangle still. To reach to the bottle and to maybe secure a few other bits and bobs. Maybe a Lupine smartcore battery in the front and a sealed spare inner tube at the bottom (man, these mtb innertubes are big!).
Behind the seat there is the @Apidura Expedition Saddle Pack for the moment. I tend to wish I can take this one and then always ends up using my @Ortlieb_waterproof one. ;-) Just for the simple fact that I have the medium size for the Apidura and the big size for the Ortlieb bag. And these are the exact reasons I bought each of those and why I wish I can use the Apidura one and ending up with the Ortlieb… ;-) We’ll see how it goes this time.
I will have quite a lot of space still coming up at the front with the handlebar roll. But then again, I will also need more space than usual (sleeping and bivy bag).
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Weiteres Testen meines geplanten Setups.
Zunächst musste ich allerdings Teile des Rahmens und auch die Sattelstütze mit Kratzschutzfolie bekleben. Habe mit der verwendeten Folie bereits am Drifter gute Erfahrungen gemacht. Man könnte sicher auch dieses Helitape benutzen, von dem ich oft höre.
Im Anschluss habe ich drei ToPeak Ninja Bottle Cages an die Standrohre der Gabel und unter dem Unterrohr befestigt. Diese ToPeak sind sehr interessant, weil sie direkt mit passenden Kabelbindern und stabilen Schutzgummis geliefert und für einen unaufdringlichen und eine nicht sehr auftragende Montage ausgelegt sind. Natürlich muss ich sie trotzdem noch richtig testen, bevor ich mich wirklich auf sie verlassen kann. Mit diesen Flaschenhaltern habe ich dann Raum für bis zu 3,7 Litern Flüssigkeit direkt am Rad. Mehr, wenn ich noch Flaschen in eine Food Pouch stecke. Und wahrscheinlich werde ich auch einen kleinen Camelbak Mule Rucksack mitnehmen. Im Rahmendreieck seht ihr eine 950 ml Elite Fly Flasche. Schönes Mundstück und wirklich leicht. Ich wünsche nur, diese Flaschen hätten eine ausgeprägtere Einkerbung in der Mitte. Alle größeren Fly Flaschen sitzen so leider etwas schräg in normalen Flaschenhaltern.
Nichtsdestotrotz, seht den vielen Platz, den ich noch im Rahmendreieck habe. Sowohl, um gut an die Flasche zu kommen als auch ggfs. noch ein paar andere Kleinigkeiten unterzubrigen. Vielleicht einen Lupine Smartcore Akku vorne oder einen gut verpackten Ersatzschlauch unten vor dem Tretlager (Mann, sind MTB-Schläuche fett!)
Hinter dem Sattel hängt die Apidura Expedition Saddle Pack (für den Moment). Meistens wünsche ich mir, dass ich diese Tasche nehmen kann und ende dann doch damit, die Ortlieb herzunehmen. Das liegt einfach nur darin begründet, dass ich die Apidura in der mittleren und die Ortlieb in der großen Größe habe. Genau deswegen habe ich beide so gekauft. Und genau deswegen würde ich auch lieber die kompaktere benutzen, brauche dann aber doch irgendwie die größere. ;-) Wir werden sehen, wie es diesmal ausgeht.
Ich werde ja vorne noch mit einer Lenkerrolle einiges an Volumen hinzufügen. Aber ich werde auch mehr Platz als sonst benötigen (für Schlaf- und Biwaksack).
Reportage Umag mit Lena - youtu.be/V2gcFEdPRwo
Das V-Blog zum Anschauen mit allen Teilen - bit.ly/V-Blog-Umag
Zimmerführung Zimmer 663 Garden Sol Istra - youtu.be/a88lqqTSUFM
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Met dank aan 'Zilverbat' en Roel voor het bekijken en testen van de Coolpix P500!
while uploading I listened to this!
De dag na de test met de Avenio was nu de beurt aan de Regio Citadis. Het is niet de bedoeling dat RandstadRail materieel hier normaal komt te rijden maar bij een calamiteit is het handig dat ook dit type tram uit de weg kan.
Het werd een 'avontuurlijke' trip met deze reclame tram 4041.
Op het Sweelinkplein stond een auto in de weg. Dus vroegtijdig de laatste foto want meer tijd had ik niet...
Reportage Umag mit Lena - youtu.be/V2gcFEdPRwo
Das V-Blog zum Anschauen mit allen Teilen - bit.ly/V-Blog-Umag
Zimmerführung Zimmer 663 Garden Sol Istra - youtu.be/a88lqqTSUFM
Wir freuen uns, wenn Ihr unsere Arbeit untersützen wollt: www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_bu...
Hier kannst Du Deine Unterkunft für Deinen Urlaub in Umag direkt buchen - www.booking.com/searchresults.en.html?city=-99181&aid...
Canon PowerShot SX70 HS
ƒ/5.6
34.2 mm aka 200 mm
1/60
ISO 800
THREE MODES PORTRAIT
( (I) normal Portrait, Soft Focus (II) - fine Hair and soft Skin)
another Portrait MODE is: Selfie (III) with defocus effect like DSLR's
- Flash modes:
you can Combine:
In PASM MODES
Modes
Auto,
Manual Flash On / Off,
Slow Synchro
+
X-Sync Speed
Fastest speed 1/2000 s
Red-Eye Correction
Yes
Flash Exposure Compensation
+/- 2 EV in 1/3 stop increments.
####
AND
Second Curtain Synchronisation
Yes
Built-in Flash Range
approx 50 cm – 6.5 m (W)
/ 1.8m - 4 m (T)
By the river Sabie
African Buffalos or Cape Buffalos (Syncerus caffer)
Am Fluß Sabi
Kaffernbüffel
Press 'L' for large Picture!
"L" drücken für großes Bild!
Kruger National Park is one of the largest game reserves in Africa. It covers an area of 19,485 km2 (7,523 sq mi) in the provinces of Limpopo and Mpumalanga in northeastern South Africa, and extends 360 km (220 mi) from north to south and 65 km (40 mi) from east to west. The administrative headquarters are in Skukuza. Areas of the park were first protected by the government of the South African Republic in 1898, and it became South Africa's first national park in 1926.
To the west and south of the Kruger National Park are the two South African provinces of Limpopo and Mpumalanga. In the north is Zimbabwe, and to the east is Mozambique. It is now part of the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park, a peace park that links Kruger National Park with the Gonarezhou National Park in Zimbabwe, and with the Limpopo National Park in Mozambique.
The park is part of the Kruger to Canyons Biosphere an area designated by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as an International Man and Biosphere Reserve (the "Biosphere").
The park has nine main gates allowing entrance to the different camps.
(Wikipedia)
The African buffalo or Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer) is a large Sub-Saharan African bovine. Syncerus caffer caffer, the Cape buffalo, is the typical subspecies, and the largest one, found in Southern and East Africa. S. c. nanus (African forest buffalo) is the smallest subspecies, common in forest areas of Central and West Africa, while S. c. brachyceros is in West Africa and S. c. aequinoctialis is in the savannas of East Africa. The adult buffalo's horns are its characteristic feature: they have fused bases, forming a continuous bone shield across the top of the head referred to as a "boss". They are widely regarded as among the most dangerous animals on the African continent, and according to some estimates they gore, trample, and kill over 200 people every year.
The African buffalo is not an ancestor of domestic cattle and is only distantly related to other larger bovines. Its unpredictable temperament means that the African buffalo has never been domesticated, unlike its Asian counterpart, the water buffalo. African Cape buffaloes have few predators aside from lions and large crocodiles. As a member of the big five game, the Cape buffalo is a sought-after trophy in hunting.
The African buffalo is a very robust species. Its shoulder height can range from 1.0 to 1.7 m (3.3 to 5.6 ft) and its head-and-body length can range from 1.7 to 3.4 m (5.6 to 11.2 ft). Compared with other large bovids, it has a long but stocky body (the body length can exceed the wild water buffalo, which is heavier and taller) and short but thickset legs, resulting in a relatively short standing height. The tail can range from 70 to 110 cm (28 to 43 in) long. Savannah-type buffaloes weigh 500 to 1,000 kg (1,100 to 2,200 lb), with males normally larger than females, reaching the upper weight range. In comparison, forest-type buffaloes, at 250 to 450 kg (600 to 1,000 lb), are only half that size. Its head is carried low; its top is located below the backline. The front hooves of the buffalo are wider than the rear, which is associated with the need to support the weight of the front part of the body, which is heavier and more powerful than the back.
Savannah-type buffaloes have black or dark brown coats with age. Old bulls often have whitish circles around their eyes and on their face. Females tend to have more-reddish coats. Forest-type buffaloes are 30-40% smaller, reddish brown in colour, with much more hair growth around the ears and with horns that curve back and slightly up. Calves of both types have red coats.
A characteristic feature of the horns of adult male African buffalo (Southern and Eastern populations) is that the bases come very close together, forming a shield referred to as a "boss". From the base, the horns diverge downwards, then smoothly curve upwards and outwards and in some cases inwards and or backwards. In large bulls, the distance between the ends of the horns can reach upwards of one metre (the record being 64.5 inches 164 cm). The horns form fully when the animal reaches the age of five or six years but the bosses do not become "hard" till 8 to 9 years old. In cows, the horns are, on average, 10–20% smaller, and they do not have a boss. Forest buffalo horns are smaller than those of the savanna buffalo from Southern and Eastern Africa, usually measuring less than 40 centimetres (16 in), and are almost never fused.
The African buffalo is one of the most successful grazers in Africa. It lives in swamps and floodplains, as well as mopane grasslands, and the forests of the major mountains of Africa. This buffalo prefers a habitat with dense cover, such as reeds and thickets, but can also be found in open woodland. While not particularly demanding in regard to habitat, they require water daily, and so they depend on perennial sources of water. Like the plains zebra, the buffalo can live on tall, coarse grasses. Herds of buffalo mow down grasses and make way for more selective grazers. When feeding, the buffalo makes use of its tongue and wide incisor row to eat grass more quickly than most other African herbivores. Buffaloes do not stay on trampled or depleted areas for long.
Other than humans, African buffaloes have few predators and are capable of defending themselves against (and killing) lions. Lions do kill and eat buffalo regularly, and in some regions, the buffaloes are the lions' primary prey. It typically takes quite a few lions to bring down a single adult buffalo. Usually, the entire pride joins the hunt; however, several incidents have been reported in which lone adult male lions have been able to successfully bring down adult animals. The average-sized crocodile typically attacks only old solitary animals and young calves, though they can kill healthy adults, and exceptionally large, old male Nile crocodiles may become semi-habitual predators of buffalo. Also, this crocodilian is the only animal that typically takes down an adult buffalo alone, whereas a pride attack is the preferred method of lions when taking down such large prey. The cheetah, leopard, and spotted hyena are normally a threat only to newborn calves, though very large clans of spotted hyenas have been recorded killing cows (mainly pregnant ones) and, on very rare occasions, full-grown bulls.
The African buffalo is susceptible to many diseases, including bovine tuberculosis, corridor disease, and foot and mouth disease. As with many diseases, these problems remain dormant within a population as long as the health of the animals is good. These diseases do, however, restrict the legal movements of the animals and fencing infected areas from unaffected areas is enforced. Some wardens and game managers have managed to protect and breed "disease-free" herds which become very valuable because they can be transported. Most well-known are Lindsay Hunt's efforts to source uninfected animals from the Kruger National Park in South Africa. Some disease-free buffaloes in South Africa have been sold to breeders for close to US$130,000.
Herd size is highly variable. The core of the herds is made up of related females, and their offspring, in an almost linear dominance hierarchy. The basic herds are surrounded by subherds of subordinate males, high-ranking males and females, and old or invalid animals. The young males keep their distance from the dominant bull, which is recognizable by the thickness of his horns. During the dry season, males split from the herd and form bachelor groups. Two types of bachelor herds occur: ones made of males aged four to seven years and those of males 12 years or older. During the wet season, the younger bulls rejoin a herd to mate with the females. They stay with them throughout the season to protect the calves. Some older bulls cease to rejoin the herd, as they can no longer compete with the younger, more aggressive males. Males have a linear dominance hierarchy based on age and size. Since a buffalo is safer when a herd is larger, dominant bulls may rely on subordinate bulls and sometimes tolerate their copulation.
Adult bulls spar in play, dominance interactions, or actual fights. A bull approaches another, lowing, with his horns down, and waits for the other bull to do the same thing. When sparring, the bulls twist their horns from side to side.[27] If the sparring is for play, the bull may rub his opponent's face and body during the sparring session. Actual fights are violent but rare and brief. Calves may also spar in play, but adult females rarely spar at all.
African buffaloes are notable for their apparent altruism. Females appear to exhibit some sort of "voting behavior". During resting time, the females stand up, shuffle around, and sit back down again. They sit in the direction they think they should move. After an hour of more shuffling, the females travel in the direction they decide. This decision is communal and not based on hierarchy or dominance. When chased by predators, a herd sticks close together and makes it hard for the predators to pick off one member. Calves are gathered in the middle. A buffalo herd responds to the distress call of a captured member and tries to rescue it. A calf's distress call gets the attention of not only the mother, but also the herd. Buffaloes engage in mobbing behavior when fighting off predators. They have been recorded killing a lion and chasing lions up trees and keeping them there for two hours, after the lions have killed a member of their group. Lion cubs can get trampled and killed. In one videotaped instance, known as the Battle at Kruger, a calf survived an attack by both lions and a crocodile after intervention of the herd.
African buffaloes make various vocalizations. Many calls are lower-pitched versions of those emitted by domestic cattle. They emit low-pitched, two- to four-second calls intermittently at three- to six-second intervals to signal the herd to move. To signal to the herd to change direction, leaders emit "gritty", "creaking gate" sounds. When moving to drinking places, some individuals make long "maaa" calls up to 20 times a minute. When being aggressive, they make explosive grunts that may last long or turn into a rumbling growl. Cows produce croaking calls when looking for their calves. Calves make a similar call of a higher pitch when in distress. When threatened by predators, they make drawn-out "waaaa" calls. Dominant individuals make calls to announce their presence and location. A version of the same call, but more intense, is emitted as a warning to an encroaching inferior. When grazing, they make various sounds, such as brief bellows, grunts, honks, and croaks.
African buffaloes mate and give birth only during the rainy seasons. Birth peak takes place early in the season, while mating peaks later. A bull closely guards a cow that comes into heat, while keeping other bulls at bay. This is difficult, as cows are quite evasive and attract many males to the scene. By the time a cow is in full estrus, only the most dominant bull in the herd/subherd is there.
Cows first calve at five years of age, after a gestation period of 11.5 months. Newborn calves remain hidden in vegetation for the first few weeks while being nursed occasionally by the mother before joining the main herd. Older calves are held in the centre of the herd for safety.
The maternal bond between mother and calf lasts longer than in most bovids. However, when a new calf is born, the bonding ends and the mother keeps her previous offspring at bay with horn jabs. Nevertheless, the yearling follows its mother for another year or so. Males leave their mothers when they are two years old and join the bachelor groups. Young calves, unusually for bovids, suckle from behind their mothers, pushing their heads between the mothers' legs.
The current status of the African buffalo is dependent on the animal's value to both trophy hunters and tourists, paving the way for conservation efforts through anti-poaching patrols, village crop damage payouts, and CAMPFIRE payback programs to local areas.
The African buffalo was listed as least concern by the IUCN "as the species had a global population estimated at nearly 900,000 animals, of which more than three-quarters are in protected areas. However, in 2019 the African buffalo was listed as a near threatened species, with only 400,000 individuals left. While some populations (subspecies) are decreasing, others will remain unchanged in the long term if large, healthy populations continue to persist in a substantial number of national parks, equivalent reserves and hunting zones in southern and eastern Africa."
In the most recent and available census data at continental scale, the total estimated numbers of the three African buffalo savanna subspecies (S. c. caffer, S. c. brachyceros, S. c. aequinoctialis) are at 513,000 individuals.
In the past, numbers of African buffaloes suffered their most severe collapse during the great rinderpest epidemic of the 1890s, which, coupled with pleuro-pneumonia, caused mortalities as high as 95% among livestock and wild ungulates.
Being a member of the big five game group, a term originally used to describe the five most dangerous animals to hunt, the Cape buffalo is a sought-after trophy, with some hunters paying over $10,000 for the opportunity to hunt one. The larger bulls are targeted for their trophy value, although in some areas, buffaloes are still hunted for meat.
One of the "big five" African game, it is known as "the Black Death" or "the widowmaker", and is widely regarded as a very dangerous animal. According to some estimates, it gores and kills over 200 people every year. African buffaloes are sometimes reported to kill more people in Africa than any other animal, although the same claim is also made of hippopotamuses and crocodiles. These numbers may be somewhat overestimated; for example, in the country of Mozambique, attacks, especially fatal ones, were much less frequent on humans than those by hippos and, especially, Nile crocodiles. In Uganda, on the other hand, large herbivores were found to attack more people on average than lions or leopards and have a higher rate of inflicting fatalities during attacks than the predators (the African buffalo, in particular, killing humans in 49.5% of attacks on them), but hippos and even elephants may still kill more people per annum here than buffaloes. African buffaloes are notorious among big-game hunters as very dangerous animals, with wounded animals reported to ambush and attack pursuers.
(Wikipedia)
Der Kruger-Nationalpark (deutsch häufig falsch Krüger-Nationalpark) ist das größte Wildschutzgebiet Südafrikas. Er liegt im Nordosten des Landes in der Landschaft des Lowveld auf dem Gebiet der Provinz Limpopo sowie des östlichen Abschnitts von Mpumalanga. Seine Fläche erstreckt sich vom Crocodile-River im Süden bis zum Limpopo, dem Grenzfluss zu Simbabwe, im Norden. Die Nord-Süd-Ausdehnung beträgt etwa 350 km, in Ost-West-Richtung ist der Park durchschnittlich 54 km breit und umfasst eine Fläche von rund 20.000 Quadratkilometern. Damit gehört er zu den größten Nationalparks in Afrika.
Das Schutzgebiet wurde am 26. März 1898 unter dem Präsidenten Paul Kruger als Sabie Game Reserve zum Schutz der Wildnis gegründet. 1926 erhielt das Gebiet den Status Nationalpark und wurde in seinen heutigen Namen umbenannt. Im Park leben 147 Säugetierarten inklusive der „Big Five“, außerdem etwa 507 Vogelarten und 114 Reptilienarten, 49 Fischarten und 34 Amphibienarten.
(Wikipedia)
Der Kaffernbüffel (Syncerus caffer), auch Schwarzbüffel, Afrikanischer Büffel oder Steppenbüffel genannt, ist ein sehr großer Vertreter aus der Familie der Hornträger, welcher in weiten Teilen des östlichen und südlichen Afrikas vorkommt. Dort bewohnt er offene Savannenlandschaften und bewaldete Flussgebiete des Tief- und Hochlands. Charakteristisch ist der robuste Körperbau und die großen, abwärts geschwungenen Hörner, die auf großen Hornbasen auf der Stirn aufsitzen. Das Sozialsystem des Kaffernbüffels ist komplex und umfasst Herden aus verwandten Kühen mit Jungtieren und gelegentlich Bullen, Junggesellengruppen aus männlichen Tieren und einzelne männliche Individuen. Vor allem die jeweiligen Herden zeigen ein dynamisches Verhalten durch permanentes Aufspalten und Wiedervereinen. Sie ziehen in räumlich begrenzten Aktionsgebieten in einem jährlich von Witterung und Nahrungsangebot vorgegebenen Rhythmus umher. Die sie begleitenden oder flankierenden Bullen sind regelmäßig in Dominanzkämpfe um das Paarungsvorrecht eingebunden, die mit Kopf- oder Körperrammen durchgeführt werden. Kühe bringen in der Regel ein einzelnes Jungtier zur Welt, welches rund ein bis anderthalb Jahre gesäugt wird. Der weibliche Nachwuchs verbleibt zumeist in der Herde, der männliche verlässt sie später. Die Nahrung umfasst überwiegend harte Gräser, in Trockenzeiten kann aber auch der Anteil an weicheren Pflanzen deutlich ansteigen. Dadurch haben die Tiere saisonal und regional bedingt unterschiedliche Ernährungsstrategien. Die Bestände sind im Übergang vom 19. zum 20. Jahrhundert in weiten Teilen des Verbreitungsgebietes in Folge einer Rinderpest-Epidemie zusammengebrochen. Heute ist der Kaffernbüffel weitgehend auf Schutzgebiete beschränkt, gilt aber als häufig und nicht bedroht. Die Art wurde 1779 beschrieben.
Der Kaffernbüffel stellt den größten Vertreter der afrikanischen Rinder (Bovini) dar und erreicht die Ausmaße seiner asiatischen, wildlebenden Verwandten. Er besitzt eine Kopf-Rumpf-Länge von 240 bis 340 cm (zuzüglich eines 50 bis 110 cm langen Schwanzes), eine Schulterhöhe von 148 bis 175 cm und ein Gewicht von 350 bis 900 kg. Ein Sexualdimorphismus ist deutlich ausgeprägt, die Bullen sind größer und können bis zu doppelt so schwer wie die Weibchen werden. Untersuchungen von Tieren aus Tansania ergaben ein Gewicht für männliche Tiere von 661 bis 849 kg, für weibliche von 426 bis 468 kg. Entsprechende Angaben für Tiere aus Sambia liegen bei 472 bis 723 kg beziehungsweise 386 bis 536 kg. Insgesamt ist der Kaffernbüffel sehr kräftig gebaut und besitzt verhältnismäßig kurze Gliedmaßen und einen Buckel oberhalb der Schultern. Das Fell hat in beiden Geschlechtern eine rabenschwarze Färbung, bei alten Bullen kann es ausdünnen, so dass Flecken von dunkler Haut am Kopf sichtbar werden. Der Schwanz endet in einer auffälligen, ebenfalls dunklen Quaste. Der massige Kopf ist mit einem breiten Maul ausgestattet, die Nase ist feucht und nackt. Die großen, hängenden Ohren sind gefranst. Besonders auffällig zeigen sich die großen, am Ende spitzen Hörner, die quer über den vorderen Kopf verlaufend ansetzen und seitlich nach unten biegen. Sie spannen 73 bis 134 cm weit auseinander, die Länge der einzelnen Hörner über die Krümmung gemessen ist mit 66 bis 116 cm nahezu identisch zur Spannweite. Das längste jemals gemessene Horn erreichte 163 cm und stammt von einem Bullen aus dem Lake-Manyara-Nationalpark in Tansania. Die Hörner sind nicht geriffelt und vor allem bei Männchen besonders massiv, ihre Basen dehnen sich deutlich über den Vorderkopf und treffen sich auf der Mittellinie des Schädels. Es gibt aber keine Übereinstimmung mit dem Alter der Tiere und der Größe der Hornbasis. Im Gegensatz zu weiblichen Tieren mit ihren grazileren Hörnern wachsen bei den männlichen zwischen den Hornansätzen keine Haare. Die Hufe haben eine große, gerundete Form, zudem treten Afterklauen auf. Die Hinterfußlänge beträgt 56 bis 61 cm. Bestimmte Drüsen zum Absetzen von Sekreten sind nicht ausgebildet. Kühe haben einen kleinen, gerundeten Euter mit zwei Zitzenpaaren.
Der Schädel wird 44,8 bis 57,5 cm lang und am Warzenfortsatz des Schläfenbeins 24,1 bis 31,6 cm breit. Allgemein ist er kurz und breit und im Profil deutlich gerundet. Eine Voraugengrube (Fossa praeorbitalis) und eine Siebgrube (Fossa ethmoidalis) sind nicht ausgebildet. Im oberen Gebiss ist typisch für die Wiederkäuer anstatt der Schneidezähne eine Hornplatte ausgebildet. Die Backenzähne sind stark hochkronig (hypsodont) mit einer Kronenhöhe von 5 cm bei jungadulten Tieren, auf der Kaufläche sind scharfe Zahnschmelzleisten ausgebildet. Das Durchbruchsmuster der Zähne kann zur Altersbestimmung verwendet werden, der Eckzahn des Unterkiefers ist der letzte durchbrechende Zahn des Dauergebisses. Er erscheint mit viereinhalb bis fünfeinhalb Jahren.
Der Kaffernbüffel kommt in weiten Teilen des östlichen und südlichen Afrikas vor. Das Verbreitungsgebiet reicht vom südlichen Äthiopien und Somalia im Nordosten südwärts über Kenia, Tansania, Uganda und dem äußersten Osten und Südosten der Demokratischen Republik Kongo in Ostafrika sowie über Sambia, Simbabwe, Mosambik bis nach Südafrika, dem Nordosten von Namibia und Süden von Botswana. Die Art bewohnt eine Vielzahl von verschiedenen Landschaftstypen, die gut durchfeuchtete Savannen, Sümpfe und Überflutungsebenen umfassen. Daneben tritt sie aber auch in trockeneren Savannen und Auwäldern trockener Habitate auf, sofern Wasser zur Verfügung steht. Die Tiere sind auch in montanen Waldgebieten bis auf 3000 m Höhe anzutreffen, extrem hohe Nachweise liegen bei 4700 m am Mount Kenya. In besonders zuträglichen Gebieten, etwa im Lake-Manyara-Nationalpark in Tansania, kann der Kaffernbüffel mit rund 20 Individuen je Quadratkilometer in sehr hoher Anzahl auftreten, im Ngorongoro-Krater liegt die Populationsdichte entsprechend bei etwa 11, in der Serengeti bei 8 Individuen auf einer vergleichbar großen Fläche. In Trockenlandschaften wie etwa dem Lowveld in Südafrika geht sie auf bis zu 2 Individuen je Quadratkilometer zurück.
Der Kaffernbüffel besitzt ein komplexes Sozialsystem. Typisch ist der Verband aus miteinander verwandten Weibchen und ihren Jungtieren, der als Herde bezeichnet wird und in dem sich auch Bullen unterschiedlichen Alters aufhalten können. Die Größe der Herde variiert von einigen Dutzend bis mehreren Tausend Individuen. Die extrem großen Gruppen stellen aber vermutlich Herdenverbände dar, die nur temporär bestehen und keine innere Hierarchie besitzen. Ihre Bildungen sind abhängig von der Jahreszeit und dem Angebot an Nahrung und Wasser. Es gibt jedoch eine Variation der Herdengröße über das Jahr, die zu größeren Gruppen in der feuchten und kleineren in der trockenen Jahreszeit führen, wobei die Gruppen sich regelmäßig teilen und wieder vereinen.[5] Solche Trennungen und Neuformierungen sind aber nicht nur an äußere Bedingungen geknüpft, sondern teilweise auch an die Größe der Herde und ihre soziale Struktur, wie Untersuchungen am Lake Manyara ergaben. Die hierarchische Struktur einer Herde besteht aus dominanten Weibchen, die die Herde anführen, gefolgt von Kühen mit sehr jungen Kälbern und Jungtieren im mittleren Teil. Den Abschluss der Herde bilden Tiere mit untergeordnetem Status; die Position eines Tiers in der Herde gibt somit Aufschluss über dessen soziale Stellung. Sie bestimmt darüber hinaus auch die Qualität der Nahrung und die allgemeine körperliche Kondition der Kuh. Häufig führt die Geburt eines Kalbes zu einer höheren sozialen Stellung innerhalb der Herde. Es wird meist angenommen, dass die einzelnen Herden (ohne temporäre Aufsplittung) stabile Verbände darstellen und erwachsene Kühe nur selten ihre angestammte Gruppe verlassen, einige Herden wurden über einen Zeitraum von bis zu fünf Dekaden dokumentiert. Beobachtungen aus dem Chobe-Nationalpark in Botswana zeigen aber, dass gelegentlich weibliche Tiere ihre Herde verlassen. Eine Kuh legte während eines solchen Herdenwechsels bis zu 133 km zurück. Ein Wiederaufsuchen der alten Herde wurde dabei nicht festgestellt, möglicherweise handelt es sich bei wechselnden Tieren um solche mit einem eher geringen Status. Bullen leben einzeln oder schließen sich zu Junggesellengruppen mit einer Größe von 5 bis 10 Individuen zusammen, die zeitlich begrenzt bestehen. Innerhalb dieser Junggesellengruppen kommt es permanent zu Dominanzkämpfen um das Paarungsvorrecht. Kurzfristig können Bullen auch von Junggesellengruppen zu Herden und umgekehrt wechseln, innerhalb der Herde sind sie aber nicht in das dortige Sozialgefüge eingebunden. Bemerkenswert ist, dass Bullen, wenn sie sich über längere Zeit in Herden aufhalten, regelmäßig an Gewicht verlieren, da sie durchschnittlich weniger fressen. Vermutlich sind die hohen energetischen Kosten, die für die Fortpflanzung aufgebracht werden müssen, ursächlich dafür verantwortlich, weswegen Bullen die Herden nach kürzerer Zeit wieder verlassen.
Die Herden des Kaffernbüffels sind nicht migratorisch und legen somit keine großen Entfernungen zurück. Sie halten sich in mehr oder weniger begrenzten Aktionsräumen von 100 bis über 1000 km² auf. Innerhalb dieser Aktionsräume folgen sie einem regelmäßigen Wanderungsmuster über das Jahr hinweg, das durch den Zyklus von Niederschlägen und Pflanzenwachstum bestimmt wird. Diese einem bestimmten Rhythmus folgenden Wanderungen auf festgelegten Pfaden und Wegen führen dazu, dass der Boden aufgearbeitet und dadurch neues Pflanzenwachstum angeregt wird, was das wiederholte Weiden in der gleichen Region ermöglicht. Typische Wanderungsbewegungen führen zu Wasser- und Weidestellen, sie sind täglich umfangreicher, je weiter zugängliches Wasser verstreut liegt. Im Krüger-Nationalpark in Südafrika werden so Distanzen von durchschnittlich 3,35 km täglich überwunden, in der ostafrikanischen Serengeti sind es dazu im Vergleich bis zu 30 km. Einzelne Bullen und Junggesellengruppen haben wesentlich kleinere Territorien von 3 bis 4 km² Größe. Sie flankieren den Wanderungsverlauf der Herde. Der Tagesablauf folgt ähnlichen Mustern wie bei zahlreichen anderen Wiederkäuern und ist geprägt von der Nahrungsaufnahme und der daraus folgenden Ruhe und dem Wiederkäuen. Insgesamt ist die Dauer der jeweiligen Aktivität abhängig von der Qualität und Quantität des lokalen und saisonalen Nahrungsangebots. Die hauptsächlichen Aktivitäten erfolgen tagsüber, in Gebieten mit großem Jagddruck aber auch nachts. Am Lake Manyara fressen die Tiere zwischen 10:00 Uhr und 14:00 Uhr, wobei die Dauer je nach Intensität zwischen 1,5 und 4,5 Stunden betragen kann, was etwa 22 bis 56 % der Tagesaktivität entspricht (durchschnittlich 37 %). Die Nahrungsaufnahme trennt hier zwei Ruheperioden, die meist mit Wiederkäuen verbracht werden, häufig mit dem Körper im Wasser liegend, und wiederum mehrere Stunden andauern können. Sie nehmen zwischen 11 und 49 % des täglich verfügbaren Zeitbudgets in Anspruch (durchschnittlich 31 %). Somit verbringt der Kaffernbüffel am Lake Manyara jährlich etwa zwei Drittel seiner Tageszeit mit Fressen und dem zugehörigen Verdauen. Dabei ist die Dauer der Verdauung gegenläufig zur Dauer der Nahrungsaufnahme, da ein Tier in der Regenzeit durch das üppigere Angebot qualitativ hochwertiger Nahrung in kürzerer Zeit mehr fressen kann, aber längere Zeit zum Wiederkäuen benötigt. In der Trockenzeit mit einem qualitativ minderwertigerem Nahrungsangebot frisst er länger, verdaut aber kürzer. Im Chebera-Churchura-Nationalpark in Äthiopien weiden die Tiere in den frühen Morgen- und Abendstunden und verbrauchen dafür bis zur Hälfte ihres täglichen Zeitbudgets, ein weiteres gutes Drittel nimmt die Ruhe in Anspruch. Ähnlich lang verbringt der Kaffernbüffel im Krüger-Nationalpark mit dem Fressen, dies erfolgt hier aber teilweise auch nachts.
Zum Komfortverhalten gehören unter anderem Schlammbäder, um eventuell Insektenbisse zu vermeiden und Ruhephasen an erhöhten Landmarken. Letzteres dient wahrscheinlich dazu, kühle Brisen zu erhaschen, da der Kaffernbüffel allgemein schlecht an Hitze angepasst ist. Generell ist der Kaffernbüffel eher still. Bekannte Lautäußerungen sind ein Grunzen und Schnaufen, letzteres wird ausgestoßen, wenn ein Tier alarmiert ist oder zu Laufen anfängt. Ein Bellen äußert der Kaffernbüffel bei starken Verletzungen, beispielsweise durch einen Beutegreifer, das andere Artgenossen häufig animiert, zur Unterstützung zu kommen. Schwer verletzte Tiere suchen zum Schutz andere Kaffernbüffel auf. Ein Warnruf bei Gefahr besteht nicht, aber vor allem in der Nacht kann eine Herde sehr still werden, so dass ein Aufspüren sehr schwierig ist. Zwischen dominanten und unterwürfigen Tieren besteht ein ritualisiertes Verhaltensmuster. Erstere halten den Kopf und die Schultern nach oben, während die Nase nach unten gerichtet ist, so dass die Hörner optimal präsentiert werden. Bei letzteren liegt der Kopf tief und parallel zum Boden, teilweise führt das unterlegene Tier auch den Kopf zwischen die Hinterbeine des dominanten und stößt ein Bellen aus. Der Sehsinn ist recht gut entwickelt, ebenso wie das Gehör. Aufgrund der fehlenden Drüsen spielen Sekrete für die innerartliche Kommunikation nur eine untergeordnete Rolle.
Als weitgehende Offenlandart besteht die Hauptnahrung des Kaffernbüffels aus Gräsern. Hierbei bevorzugt er langhalmige Gräser vor breitblättrigen und toleriert auch solche mit einem hohen Faseranteil. Er meidet aber solche mit niedrigem Nährstoffgehalt oder Pflanzen, die ätherische Öle enthalten. Zu den am häufigsten verzehrten Pflanzen gehören Hundszahngräser, Fingerhirsen und Rispenhirsen sowie Vertreter der Gattungen Sporobolus und Heteropogon. Bei hoher Verfügbarkeit an Gräsern – etwa zur Regenzeit – frisst ein Tier große Mengen und ist wenig wählerisch, bei geringerer Verfügbarkeit oder schlechterer Qualität geht es eher selektiv vor. In der Serengeti bevorzugt der Kaffernbüffel in der Regenzeit weitgehend Grashalme, in der Trockenzeit, wenn die Gräser verschwinden, zieht er sich in Flussniederungen zurück, wo das Nahrungsangebot umfangreicher ist. In trockenen Landschaften wie der Sukkulent-Karoo des südlichen Afrikas, wo Gräser weitaus seltener sind, stellt weicheres Pflanzenmaterial einen größeren Teil der vertilgten Menge. Hier ergaben Untersuchungen, dass während der trockenen Jahresabschnitte der Anteil an weichen Pflanzen bis zu 33 % erreichen kann, während er in der feuchteren auf etwa 28 % absinkt. Die Tiere fressen dann unter anderem auch Akaziengewächse, Sternbüsche, Rautengewächse oder den Kap-Bleiwurz. In der grasreicheren Nama-Karoo konnten dagegen derartige Unterschiede nicht festgestellt werden, da Gräser hier 95 % der aufgenommenen Nahrung ausmachen. Allerdings konnte hier ein Wechsel an bevorzugten Pflanzen innerhalb der verschiedenen Jahreszeiten ausgemacht werden. So dominierten Sporobolus-Gräser in den feuchten Jahresabschnitten, Themada-Gräser dagegen in den trockenen. Täglich muss ein Tier rund 2,2 % seiner Körpermasse vertilgen, was in etwa 14 bis 15 kg entspricht. Da der Kaffernbüffel von Wasser abhängig ist, entfernt er sich selten weiter als 8 bis 20 km von offenen Wasserstellen. Bedeutend sind darüber hinaus Salzlecken, unter anderem auch von schwitzenden Artgenossen, oder das Fressen eisenhaltiger Substrate vor allem in großen Höhenlagen wie am Mount Kenya.
Die Paarung kann beim Kaffernbüffel prinzipiell das ganze Jahr über erfolgen. In Regionen mit ausgeprägten Jahreszeiten und somit einem qualitativ und quantitativ schwankenden Nahrungsangebot ist sie jedoch saisonal beschränkt. In der Serengeti werden Paarungen von November und zunehmend bis Juli beobachtet, in der südafrikanischen Provinz Limpopo sind sie von Regenfällen und dem jeweiligen Nahrungsangebot abhängig. Letzteres lässt darauf schließen, dass die körperliche Kondition der weiblichen Tiere ausschlaggebend für die Paarung und Geburt ist. Kühe gebären ihr erstes Kalb mit 4 bis 5 Jahren, Bullen sind mit 8 bis 9 Jahren voll geschlechtsreif. Die männlichen Tiere sind in ein hierarchisches System eingebunden, welches die Fortpflanzung regelt. Dazu führen die männlichen Tiere regelmäßig Paarungs- und Dominanzwettkämpfe durch, die unter anderem aus Kopf- und Körperrammen bestehen; ersteres findet häufig zwischen dominanten und unterlegenen, letzteres zwischen gleichrangigen Tieren statt. Sie beginnen damit, dass ein Tier mit erhobenem Kopf und nach unten weisender Nase stillsteht, vergleichbar dem Dominanzverhalten. Oftmals wird der Kopf dabei auch ab- und aufwärts geführt. Die ganze Prozedur kann schon in 30 m Entfernung voneinander starten und ist teilweise mit einem tiefen Grummeln verbunden. Danach kommt es zum Angriff, wobei das Tier den Kopf so weit absenkt, dass beim Aufeinandertreffen die Energie auf die verstärkte Basis der Hörner gelenkt wird. Der Gewinner wird durch die Kraft und Geschwindigkeit bestimmt, der Verlierer sucht im Abschluss zumeist das Weite, wird manchmal aber vom Sieger bis zu 100 m verfolgt.
Bullen testen die Empfangsbereitschaft der Kühe beständig durch Beschnuppern der Geschlechtsorgane oder des Urins und zeigen dabei ein Flehmen. Der Sexualzyklus der Kühe dauert etwa 18 bis 22 Tage, der Östrus selbst einen Tag. Paarungswillige Bullen legen ihr Kinn auf den Rumpf der Kuh und signalisieren so Bereitschaft. Die Kuh wiederum erwidert ihre Bereitschaft durch Stillstehen und Schwanzbewegung. Die Kopulation währt eher kurz und wird innerhalb von 30 Minuten mehrfach wiederholt. Die Tragezeit der Kühe dauert bis zu 11,5 Monate (durchschnittlich 340 Tage), das Geburtsintervall beträgt 15 bis 24 Monate. Meist kommt nur ein Kalb zur Welt, das 39 bis 41 kg schwer ist; Zwillingsgeburten sind sehr selten. Das Geburtsgewicht schwankt leicht mit der Jahreszeit. Das Fell der Jungtiere ist schwarz oder dunkelgrau und ändert teilweise während des Wachstums die Farbe. Das Kalb benötigt mehrere Stunden nach der Geburt, um sicher zu stehen und bewegt sich in den folgenden Wochen eher langsam und behäbig fort. Mutter und Jungtier sind nach der Geburt etwas getrennt von der Herde, in dieser Zeit achtet das Muttertier sorgfältig auf das Junge. Insgesamt ist die Herde sehr aufmerksam auf Jungtiere, so dass eine Erbeutung durch Beutegreifer selten erfolgt. Das Junge saugt unregelmäßig, anfänglich bis zu 10 Minuten lang. Nach rund vier Wochen wird es etwa 5 Minuten lang gestillt. Während der Wachstumsphase spielen oder tummeln Jungtiere kaum, jungadulte Bullen führen aber Sparringskämpfe durch. Die Stillzeit endet unterschiedlich, abhängig von der Dichte der Population. Am Lake Manyara mit einer hohen Individuenzahl werden Jungtiere nach anderthalb Jahren entwöhnt, in der weniger dicht besiedelten Serengeti schon nach zehn Monaten, wenn das Muttertier im siebten Monat trächtig mit neuem Nachwuchs ist. Männliche Tiere verlassen die mütterliche Herde, weibliche verbleiben dort. Durchschnittlich liegt die Lebenserwartung bei 18 bis 20 Jahren in freier Wildbahn, einzelne Tiere in menschlicher Gefangenschaft wurden über 30 Jahre alt.
Den bedeutendsten Fressfeind stellt der Löwe dar. Aufgrund des guten Augenlichts kann der Kaffernbüffel Löwen schon aus bis zu 1,5 km Entfernung wahrnehmen. Einzelne Tiere verteidigen sich gegen Löwenangriffe, indem sie sich mit dem Rücken zu einem Hindernis positionieren oder im Gebüsch verstecken, so dass die Beutegreifer nicht die verletzlichen Hinterbeine erreichen können. Auch Flucht ist möglich, da individuelle Tiere Geschwindigkeiten von bis zu 55 km/h über kurze Distanzen erreichen. Gruppen stellen sich häufig im Kreis auf und präsentieren eine Phalanx von Hörnern. Unter Umständen greift der Kaffernbüffel auch Löwen direkt an, vertreibt sie, wirbelt sie mit den Hörnern durch die Luft oder trampelt sie mitunter zu Tode. Die Raubkatzen können einen ausgewachsenen Büffel nur durch einen Kehlbiss töten, da sie nicht die Kraft aufbringen, das Genick zu brechen. Außerdem wirkt die Haut des Kaffernbüffels mit 2 bis 3 cm Dicke schützend. Der Einfluss des Löwen auf die lokalen Bestände des Kaffernbüffels ist unterschiedlich. In der Serengeti verursacht er nur 25 % der Todesfälle beim Kaffernbüffel, am Lake Manyara sind es bis zu 85 %. In der Regel fallen dem Beutegreifer ältere, einzeln wandernde Bullen zum Opfer, selten in Junggesellengruppen lebende Bullen oder Kühe und Jungtiere in Herden. Bemerkenswert in diesem Zusammenhang ist, dass in Gebieten mit größerer Löwenpopulation auch größere Herden des Kaffernbüffels zu beobachten sind. Jungtiere werden gelegentlich auch durch die Tüpfelhyäne und den Leoparden gerissen.
Zu den wichtigsten Krankheiten, die den Kaffernbüffel befallen, gehören die Rinderpest, die Lungenseuche und die Tuberkulose, die überwiegend von Hausrindern auf die Wildtiere übertragen werden. Untergeordnet spielen auch der Milzbrand und die Maul- und Klauenseuche eine Rolle. Zudem sind die Tiere als Reservoir des Küstenfiebers bekannt. Gegen einige originär tropische oder afrikanische Erkrankungen wie die Schlafkrankheit, die durch die Tsetse-Fliege übertragen wird, ist der Kaffernbüffel immun. An äußeren Parasiten sind zahlreiche Zecken belegt, etwa die Gattungen Amblyomma, Rhipicephalus, Hyalomma und Boophilus. Einige dieser Ectoparasiten gelten auch als Überträger der bereits erwähnten Krankheiten. In der Regel leiden ältere Bullen stärker unter dem Befall als jüngere Tiere. Zur Linderung werden Vögel wie der Madenhacker geduldet, der die äußeren Parasiten entfernt.
Der Bestand des Kaffernbüffels (und anderer Huftiere) war in der Wende vom 19. zum 20. Jahrhundert stark reduziert worden. Eine Hauptursache stellte eine Rinderpest-Epidemie um 1890 dar, die Krankheit hatte sich ab dem Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts im Zuge der zunehmenden Besiedlung des südlichen Afrikas durch europäische Einwanderer mit ihrem Hausvieh über den Kontinent ausgebreitet. In Verbindung mit der Lungenseuche führte dies zu einer Mortalitätsrate innerhalb der einzelnen Populationen von etwa 95 %. Auch im Verlauf des 20. Jahrhunderts waren die Rinderpest und zusätzlich der Milzbrand für den Rückgang lokaler Bestände verantwortlich. Hinzu kommt ein hoher Jagddruck, da der Kaffernbüffel in zahlreichen Ländern als Nahrungsressource gilt. Die Fleischnutzung erfolgt aber nicht nur zur Eigenversorgung in der ländlichen Bevölkerung, sondern wird auch im industriellen Maßstab getätigt. Darüber hinaus gilt der Kaffernbüffel als Bestandteil der Big Five und hat den Ruf als eines der gefährlichsten Tiere der afrikanischen Savannen, womit die Trophäenjagd eine hohe Bedeutung erlangt. Nicht zuletzt hat die Zerstörung des Lebensraums einen großen Einfluss auf die einzelnen Bestände, vor allem im Randbereich von Schutzgebieten, wo es zur Konkurrenz mit Nutzvieh kommt. Heute sind die Populationen und Herden des Kaffernbüffels zum Großteil auf Schutzgebiete beschränkt. Da die Art gegenwärtig weit verbreitet ist, wird sie von der IUCN als „ungefährdet“ (Least Concern) eingestuft. Ihr Gesamtbestand wird auf etwa 670.000 Individuen geschätzt. Zu den bedeutendsten Schutzgebieten, in denen der Kaffernbüffel auftritt, gehören die Serengeti und der Lake-Manyara-Nationalpark in Tansania, der Chobe-Nationalpark in Botswana und der Hluhluwe-iMfolozi-Nationalpark sowie der Krüger-Nationalpark in Südafrika.
(Wikipedia)
Dull weekend and unpleasant to ride outside. Seems more like the proverbial November than early January. Miss crisp fresh snow and blue sky over the forests and hills of the Wittgensteiner Land. But - training and testing motivation for the upcoming Atlas Mountain Race in February is high so that keeps me going. Yesterday I was on my mountain bike again and visited the Neye Reservoir near Wipperfürth. Added further stuff towards the planned full setup for the #AMR2020.
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Trübes Wetter und ungemütlich zum Fahren draußen. Sieht mehr nach dem sprichwörtlichen November als nach frühem Januar aus. Ich vermisse frischen, knisternden Schnee und blauen Himmel über den Wäldern und Hügeln des Wittgensteiner Lands. Aber - die Motivation zum Trainieren und Testen für das im Februar anstehende Atlas Mountain Race ist hoch und das hält mich im Gang. Gestern war ich wieder auf dem Mountainbike unterwegs und besuchte die Neye-Talsperre nahe Wipperfürth. Habe weitere Teile ergänzt hin zum komplett gelpanten Setup für das AMR2020
ONE OF THE WAY TO TRAIN THE "THE AWARENESS MUSCLE
is the critical run
and other emergency art format
CRITICAL RUN / Debate Format
Critical Run is an Art Format created by Thierry Geoffroy/Colonel
debate while running .
Debate and Run together,Now,before it is too late.
www.emergencyroomscanvas todo .org/criticalrun.html
The Art Format Critical Run has been activated in 30 differents countries with 120 different burning debates
New York,Cairo,London,Istanbul,Athens,Hanoi,Paris,Munich,Amsterdam Siberia,Copenhagen,Johanesburg,Moskow,Napoli,Sydney,
Wroclaw,Bruxelles,Rotterdam,Barcelona,Venice,Virginia,Stockholm,Århus,Kassel,Lyon,Trondheim, Berlin ,Toronto,Hannover ...
CRITICAL RUN happened on invitation from institution like Moma/PS1, Moderna Muset Stockholm ,Witte de With Rotterdam,ZKM Karlsruhe,Liverpool Biennale;Sprengel Museum etc..or have just happened on the spot because
a debate was necessary here and now.
In 2020 the Energy Room was an installation of 40 Critical Run at Museum Villa Stuck /Munich
part of Colonel solo show : The Awareness Muscle Training Center
----
Interesting publication for researches on running and art
www.emergencyrooms.org/formats.html
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Weibel, Peter. Beyond Art: A Third Culture. Vienna: Ambra Verlag, 2005.
Wells, Liz, ed. Photography: A Critical Introduction. New York: Rutledge, 1996/2015.
Westcott, James. When Marina Abramović Dies: A Biography. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2010.
White, Hayden. “Historiography and Historiophoty.” The American Historical Review. Volume 93. Number 5 (December 1988).
White, Hayden V. Metahistory: The Historical Imagination in Nineteenth-Century Europe. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1973.
Wiehager, Renate, ed. Moving Pictures: Photography and Film in Contemporary Art. Ostfildern- Ruit, Germany: Hate Cantz Publishers, 2001.
Williams, Raymond. Culture and Society, 1780 - 1950. New York: Columbia University Press, 1958/1983.
Wood, Catherine. Yvonne Rainer: The Mind is a Muscle. London: Afterall, 2007. Wood, Denis. The Power of Maps. New York: Guilford Press, 2010.
Woodward, Susan L. Balkan Tragedy: Chaos and Dissolution after the Cold War. Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution, 1995.
Young, Kevin. Deviance and Social Control in Sport. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2008. Youngblood, Gene. Expanded Cinema. New York: E.P. Dutton and Co., 1970.
Zelizer, Barbie, ed. Visual Culture and the Holocaust. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2001.
Zidić, Igor, and Ana Dević, Antonio Gotovac Lauer a.k.a. Tomislav Gotovac. Antonio Gotovac Lauer: Čelična mreža. Zagreb: Moderna Galerija and Studio Josip Račič, 2006.
Zorn, John W., ed. The Essential Delsarte. Metuchen, NJ: The Scarecrow Press, Inc, 1968.
Žižek, Slavoj. The Indivisible Remainder: An Essay on Schelling and Related Matters. London: Verso, 1996.
----
------------about Venice Biennale history from wikipedia ---------
curators previous
* 1948 – Rodolfo Pallucchini
* 1966 – Gian Alberto Dell'Acqua
* 1968 – Maurizio Calvesi and Guido Ballo
* 1970 – Umbro Apollonio
* 1972 – Mario Penelope
* 1974 – Vittorio Gregotti
* 1978 – Luigi Scarpa
* 1980 – Luigi Carluccio
* 1982 – Sisto Dalla Palma
* 1984 – Maurizio Calvesi
* 1986 – Maurizio Calvesi
* 1988 – Giovanni Carandente
* 1990 – Giovanni Carandente
* 1993 – Achille Bonito Oliva
* 1995 – Jean Clair
* 1997 – Germano Celant
* 1999 – Harald Szeemann
* 2001 – Harald Szeemann
* 2003 – Francesco Bonami
* 2005 – María de Corral and Rosa Martinez
* 2007 – Robert Storr
* 2009 – Daniel Birnbaum
* 2011 – Bice Curiger
* 2013 – Massimiliano Gioni
* 2015 – Okwui Enwezor
* 2017 – Christine Macel[19]
* 2019 – Ralph Rugoff[20]
----------
#art #artist #artistic #artists #arte #artwork
Pavilion at the Venice Biennale #artcontemporain contemporary art Giardini arsenal
venice Veneziako VenecijaVenècia Venedig Venetië Veneetsia Venetsia Venise Venecia VenedigΒενετία( Venetía Hungarian Velence Feneyjar Venice Venezia Venēcija Venezja Venezia Wenecja Veneza VenețiaVenetsiya BenátkyBenetke Venecia Fenisוועניס Վենետիկ ভেনি স威尼斯 (wēinísī) 威尼斯 ვენეციისવે નિસवेनिसヴェネツィアವೆನಿಸ್베니스வெனிஸ்వెనిస్เวนิซوینس Venetsiya
art umjetnost umění kunst taide τέχνη művészetList ealaín arte māksla menasarti Kunst sztuka artă umenie umetnost konstcelfקונסטարվեստincəsənətশিল্প艺术(yìshù)藝術 (yìshù)ხელოვნებაकलाkos duabアートಕಲೆសិល្បៈ미술(misul)ສິນລະປະകലकलाအတတ်ပညာकलाකලාවகலைఆర్ట్ศิลปะ آرٹsan'atnghệ thuậtفن (fan)אומנותهنرsanat artist
other Biennale :(Biennials ) :
Venice Biennial , Documenta Havana Biennial,Istanbul Biennial ( Istanbuli),Biennale de Lyon ,Dak'Art Berlin Biennial,Mercosul Visual Arts Biennial ,Bienal do Mercosul Porto Alegre.,Berlin Biennial ,Echigo-Tsumari Triennial .Yokohama Triennial Aichi Triennale,manifesta ,Copenhagen Biennale,Aichi Triennale .Yokohama Triennial,Echigo-Tsumari Triennial.Sharjah Biennial ,Biennale of Sydney, Liverpool , São Paulo Biennial ; Athens Biennale , Bienal do Mercosul ,Göteborg International Biennial for Contemporary Art ,DOCUMENTA KASSEL ATHENS
* Dakar
kritik [edit] kritikaria kritičar crític kritiker criticus kriitik kriitikko critique crítico Kritiker κριτικός(kritikós) kritikus Gagnrýnandi léirmheastóir critico kritiķis kritikas kritiku krytyk crítico critic crítico krytyk beirniad קריטיקער
Basque Veneziako Venecija [edit] Catalan Venècia Venedig Venetië Veneetsia Venetsia Venise Venecia Venedig Βενετία(Venetía) Hungarian Velence Feneyjar Venice Venezia Latvian Venēcija Venezja Venezia Wenecja Portuguese Veneza Veneția Venetsiya Benátky Benetke Venecia Fenis וועניס Վենետիկ ভেনিস 威尼斯 (wēinísī) 威尼斯 Georgian ვენეციის વેનિસ वेनिस ヴェネツィア ವೆನಿಸ್ 베니스 வெனிஸ் వెనిస్ เวนิซ وینس Venetsiya
Thierry Geoffroy / Colonel
#thierrygeoffroy #geoffroycolonel #thierrygeoffroycololonel #lecolonel #biennalist
#artformat #formatart
#emergencyart #urgencyart #urgentart #artofthenow #nowart
emergency art emergency art urgency artist de garde vagt alarm emergency room necessityart artistrole exigencyart predicament prediction pressureart
#InstitutionalCritique
#venicebiennale #venicebiennale2017 #venicebiennale2015
#venicebiennale2019
#venice #biennale #venicebiennale #venezia #italy
#venezia #venice #veniceitaly #venicebiennale
#pastlife #memory #venicebiennale #venice #Venezia #italy #hotelveniceitalia #artexhibit #artshow #internationalart #contemporaryart #themundane #summerday
#biennalevenice
Institutional Critique
Identity Politics Post-War Consumerism, Engagement with Mass Media, Performance Art, The Body, Film/Video, Political, Collage, , Cultural Commentary, Self as Subject, Color Photography, Related to Fashion, Digital Culture, Photography, Human Figure, Technology
Racial and Ethnic Identity, Neo-Conceptualism, Diaristic
Contemporary Re-creations, Popular Culture, Appropriation, Contemporary Sculpture,
Culture, Collective History, Group of Portraits, Photographic Source
, Endurance Art, Film/Video,, Conceptual Art and Contemporary Conceptualism, Color Photography, Human Figure, Cultural Commentary
War and Military, Political Figures, Social Action, Racial and Ethnic Identity, Conflict
Personal Histories, Alter Egos and Avatars
Use of Common Materials, Found Objects, Related to Literature, Installation, Mixed-Media, Engagement with Mass Media, Collage,, Outdoor Art, Work on Paper, Text
Appropriation (art) Art intervention Classificatory disputes about art Conceptual art Environmental sculpture Found object Interactive art Modern art Neo-conceptual art Performance art Sound art Sound installation Street installations Video installation Conceptual art Art movements Postmodern art Contemporary art Art media Aesthetics Conceptualism
Post-conceptualism Anti-anti-art Body art Conceptual architecture Contemporary art Experiments in Art and Technology Found object Happening Fluxus Information art Installation art Intermedia Land art Modern art Neo-conceptual art Net art Postmodern art Generative Art Street installation Systems art Video art Visual arts ART/MEDIA conceptual artis
—-
CRITICAL RUN is an art format developed by Thierry Geoffroy / COLONEL, It follows the spirit of ULTRACONTEMPORARY and EMERGENCY ART as well as aims to train the AWARENESS MUSCLE.
Critical Run has been activated on invitation from institutions such as Moderna Muset Stockholm, Moma PS1 ,Witte de With Rotterdam, ZKM Karlsruhe, Liverpool Biennale, Manifesta Biennial ,Sprengel Museum,Venice Biennale but have also just happened on the spot because a debate was necessary here and now.
It has been activated in Beijing, Cairo, London, Istanbul, Athens, Kassel, Sao Paolo, Hanoi, Istanbul, Paris, Copenhagen, Moskow, Napoli, Sydney, Wroclaw, Bruxelles, Rotterdam, Siberia, Karlsruhe, Barcelona, Aalborg, Venice, Virginia, Stockholm, Aarhus, Rio de Janeiro, Budapest, Washington, Lyon, Caracas, Trondheim, Berlin, Toronto, Hannover, Haage, Newtown, Cartagena, Tallinn, Herning, Roskilde;Mannheim ;Munich etc...
The run debates are about emergency topics like Climate Change , Xenophobia , Wars , Hyppocrisie , Apathy ,etc ...
Participants have been very various from Sweddish art critics , German police , American climate activist , Chinese Gallerists , Brasilian students , etc ...
Critical Run is an art format , like Emergency Room or Biennalist and is part of Emergency Art ULTRACONTEMPORARY and AWARENESS MUSCLE .
www.emergencyrooms.org/criticalrun.html
www.emergencyrooms.org/formats.html
-------
In 2020 a large exhibition will show 40 of the Critical Run at the Museum Villa Stuck in Munich / part of the Awareness Muscle Training Center
------
for activating the format or for inviting the installation
please contact 1@colonel.dk
-----
critical,run,art,format,debate ,artformat,formatart,moment,clarity,emergency,kunst,
Sport,effort,curator,artist,urgency,urgence,criticalrun,emergencies,ultracontemporary
,rundebate,sport,art,activism, critic,laufen,Thierry Geoffroy , Colonel,kunstformat
,now art,copenhagen,denmark
« If you appreciate my work and would like to support me becoming an independent photographer, become a Patreon supporter at www.patreon.com/alexdehaas, or buy me a coffee at www.buymeacoffee.com/alexdehaas :) »
Ich probiere mit dem alten Takumar um die Möglichkeiten des Bokehs zu testen.
Kamera: Canon Eos 400D
Objektiv: Asashi Super-Takumar 1:1,4/50
Blende: f/1,4
Brennweite: 50mm
Belichtung: 0,001 sec (1/1000)
Dinsdag 8 November 2016
Sinds enige tijd zijn er testen her en der ter lande, maar ook in België, met de nieuwe SW09 software versie voor Bombardier BR186 type locomotieven, deze software release hoort bij VR09 (Vehicle Release). In de SW09 zitten ook wijzigingen in de ETCS/ERTMS software waarvoor testen nodig zijn, ook is de TBL1+ (de Belgische implementatie van ETCS Lvl 1) in deze release geïmplementeerd - vandaar dat bv de 186 002 (ook uitgerust met versie SW09) in België geweest is voor testen.
In Nederland is nu ook NSI Loc 186 236 voorzien van SW09, deze loc is type TRAXX F140 MS. Op maandag 7 en dinsdag reed deze loc ETCS test ritten op de Hanzelijn tussen Lelystad en Zwolle, deze lijn is naast ATB ook uitgerust met ETCS.
Omdat ik de eerste ritten van de dag gemist had kwam het op de laatste slag aan van Zwolle naar Lelystad - maar dat was wel na 16:30, in het laatste licht van de dag die al grijs was - betrekkelijk donker dus ;-)
NSI Eloc 186 236 komt langzaam over de Hanzelijn langs Lelystad Opstel op weg voor de laatste slag ETCS test van Zwolle naar Lelystad - na Lelystad zal de loc terug keren naar de Kijfhoek.
De loc heeft op Swifterbant Wachtspoor staan wachten op passage van 2 IC's , 1 reguliere en 1 vertraagde - hij rijdt nu langzaam naar Llsoa - in mijn voordeel want nu kon de camera snelheid omlaag ;)
NSI 186 236 wordt gehuurd van Macquarie European Rail - vandaar dat de loc nog zijn originele kleuren heeft behouden.
English
Tuesday 8th of November 2016
For some time now there is testing going on in the Netherlands, and also in Belgium, with the new SW09 Software release for Bombardier BR186 type locomotives - this release goes together with VR09 (Vehicle Release). In SW09 changes to the ETCS/ERTMS software are present so testing has to be done, also the TBL1+ (Belgium implementation of ETCS Lvl1) is included in this SW09 version - therefor the 186 002 of NSI has been in Belgium to test.
In the Netherlands NS International Eloc 186 236 is now also equipped with SW09, this loc is type TRAXX F140 MS. On Monday the 7th and Tuesday the 8th this loc performed ETCS test rides on the Hanzelijn between Zwolle and Lelystad - this stretch is equipped with ATB , basic Dutch rail safety system, but also ETCS.
I missed the first rides of the day so i was set for the last ride from Zwolle to Lelystad of the day - but that was after 16:30h, in the last day of what was a grey day already - pretty dark you can say ;)
NSI Eloc 186 236 rides slowly over the Hanzelijn along Lelystad Stabling Yard on its way for the last ETCS test ride of the day from Zwolle to Lelystad - after Lelystad the loc will return to Kijfhoek Shunting Yard.
The loc has been on Swifterbant Sidetrack for passage of 2 IC's , 1 regular and 1 running late - it is slowly driving to Llsoa Junction - in my advantage because the camera speed could be lowered.
NSI 186 236 is rented from Macquarie European Rail - therefore the loc still has its original colours and not the NS Yellow/Blue.
Reportage Umag mit Lena - youtu.be/V2gcFEdPRwo
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Dazu Hygiene-
Tücher und Fleckenspray,
Desinfektionsmittel ist ja bekanntlich nur auf dem Schwarzmarkt zu haben
news flash
www.finanznachrichten.de/nachrichten-aktien/curevac-ag.htm
Curecvac Tübingen entwickelt ein lebensrettendes Medikament gegen die Lungenkrankheit Covid-19 .
CureVac arbeitet daran, seine Produktionskapazitäten auszubauen, um je nach benötigter individueller Impfdosis bis zu Milliarden von Dosen für Pandemie-Situationen wie Covid-19 bereitstellen zu können.
Covid-19
Sars-CoV-2 Ausbreitung
CureVac AG - TÜBINGEN, Deutschland / BOSTON, USA,
Über CureVac AG
CureVac ist ein führendes biopharmazeutisches Unternehmen auf dem Gebiet der mRNA-Technologie (Boten-RNA, von engl. messenger RNA). Mit 20 Jahren Expertise arbeitet CureVac daran, dieses vielseitige Molekül für den medizinischen Einsatz zu entwickeln, zu optimieren und in klinischen Studien zu testen. Das Prinzip der proprietären CureVac-Technologie basiert auf der Nutzung von mRNA als Informationsträger, um den menschlichen Körper zur Produktion der entsprechend kodierten Proteine anzuleiten, mit welchen eine Vielzahl von Erkrankungen bekämpft werden können. Das Unternehmen setzt seine Technologien zur Entwicklung von Krebstherapien, Antikörpertherapien, prophylaktischen Impfstoffen und zur Behandlung seltener Erkrankungen ein. CureVac hat signifikante Eigenkapitalinvestitionen erhalten, darunter von der dievini Hopp BioTech holding und der Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Zudem kooperiert CureVac mit multinationalen Konzernen und Organisationen wie CEPI, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly & Co, Genmab, CRISPR Therapeutics und der Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. CureVac hat seinen Hauptsitz in Tübingen und verfügt über weitere Standorte in Frankfurt und Boston, MA, USA.
Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter www.curevac.com oder bei Twitter unter @CureVacAG.
Ende Januar 2020 erhielt Curevac von CEPI eine weitere Förderung in Höhe von bis zu 8,3 Mio. EUR für die beschleunigte Impfstoffentwicklung und -herstellung sowie für klinische Studien gegen das kurz zuvor erstmals aufgetretene Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.
CureVac is a biopharmaceutical company headquartered in Tübingen, Germany, that develops therapies based on messenger RNA (mRNA).
The company's focus is on developing vaccines for infectious diseases and drugs to treat for cancer and rare diseases. Founded in 2000,
CureVac had approximately 240 employees in November 2015 and 375 in May 2018.
CureVac has entered into various collaborations with organizations, including agreements with Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi Pasteur, Johnson & Johnson, Genmab, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Eli Lilly and Company, Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, and the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative.
Trump administration overtures
On 11 March 2020, it was reported that CureVac AG's CEO Daniel Menichella was no longer the company's CEO, having been replaced by company founder Ingmar Hoerr. Menichella was reported to have met U.S. President Donald Trump on March 2.
According to the German newspaper Welt am Sonntag, Trump had attempted to persuade CureVac to relocate to the United States.
the CEO of major CureVac investor dievini Dietmar Hopp Biotech Holding stated that
"We want to develop a vaccine for the whole world and not for individual countries".
but:
On 16 March, CureVac issued a statement on Twitter, stating "To make it clear again on coronavirus: CureVac has not received from the US government or related entities an offer before, during and since the Task Force meeting in the White House on March 2
. CureVac rejects all allegations from press.
CureVac — биофармацевтическая компания со штаб-квартирой в Тюбингене, Германия, которая разрабатывает методы лечения на основе матричной РНК (мРНК). Компания сосредоточена на разработке вакцин против инфекционных заболеваний и лекарств от рака и редких заболеваний.
Reportage Umag mit Lena - youtu.be/V2gcFEdPRwo
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Een beeld van nu-en-straks:
Dubbelgelede "rammelkast"4214 als lijn 12 onderweg naar de Uithof passeert de 6008 en 6005 ( uiterst rechts) op de Weg tot de Wetenschap.
Reportage Umag mit Lena - youtu.be/V2gcFEdPRwo
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Reportage Umag mit Lena - youtu.be/V2gcFEdPRwo
Das V-Blog zum Anschauen mit allen Teilen - bit.ly/V-Blog-Umag
Zimmerführung Zimmer 663 Garden Sol Istra - youtu.be/a88lqqTSUFM
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Reportage Umag mit Lena - youtu.be/V2gcFEdPRwo
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Zimmerführung Zimmer 663 Garden Sol Istra - youtu.be/a88lqqTSUFM
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Reportage Umag mit Lena - youtu.be/V2gcFEdPRwo
Das V-Blog zum Anschauen mit allen Teilen - bit.ly/V-Blog-Umag
Zimmerführung Zimmer 663 Garden Sol Istra - youtu.be/a88lqqTSUFM
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ONE OF THE WAY TO TRAIN THE "THE AWARENESS MUSCLE
is the critical run
and other emergency art format
CRITICAL RUN / Debate Format
Critical Run is an Art Format created by Thierry Geoffroy/Colonel
debate while running .
Debate and Run together,Now,before it is too late.
www.emergencyroomscanvas todo .org/criticalrun.html
The Art Format Critical Run has been activated in 30 differents countries with 120 different burning debates
New York,Cairo,London,Istanbul,Athens,Hanoi,Paris,Munich,Amsterdam Siberia,Copenhagen,Johanesburg,Moskow,Napoli,Sydney,
Wroclaw,Bruxelles,Rotterdam,Barcelona,Venice,Virginia,Stockholm,Århus,Kassel,Lyon,Trondheim, Berlin ,Toronto,Hannover ...
CRITICAL RUN happened on invitation from institution like Moma/PS1, Moderna Muset Stockholm ,Witte de With Rotterdam,ZKM Karlsruhe,Liverpool Biennale;Sprengel Museum etc..or have just happened on the spot because
a debate was necessary here and now.
In 2020 the Energy Room was an installation of 40 Critical Run at Museum Villa Stuck /Munich
part of Colonel solo show : The Awareness Muscle Training Center
----
Interesting publication for researches on running and art
www.emergencyrooms.org/formats.html
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------------about Venice Biennale history from wikipedia ---------
curators previous
* 1948 – Rodolfo Pallucchini
* 1966 – Gian Alberto Dell'Acqua
* 1968 – Maurizio Calvesi and Guido Ballo
* 1970 – Umbro Apollonio
* 1972 – Mario Penelope
* 1974 – Vittorio Gregotti
* 1978 – Luigi Scarpa
* 1980 – Luigi Carluccio
* 1982 – Sisto Dalla Palma
* 1984 – Maurizio Calvesi
* 1986 – Maurizio Calvesi
* 1988 – Giovanni Carandente
* 1990 – Giovanni Carandente
* 1993 – Achille Bonito Oliva
* 1995 – Jean Clair
* 1997 – Germano Celant
* 1999 – Harald Szeemann
* 2001 – Harald Szeemann
* 2003 – Francesco Bonami
* 2005 – María de Corral and Rosa Martinez
* 2007 – Robert Storr
* 2009 – Daniel Birnbaum
* 2011 – Bice Curiger
* 2013 – Massimiliano Gioni
* 2015 – Okwui Enwezor
* 2017 – Christine Macel[19]
* 2019 – Ralph Rugoff[20]
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#art #artist #artistic #artists #arte #artwork
Pavilion at the Venice Biennale #artcontemporain contemporary art Giardini arsenal
venice Veneziako VenecijaVenècia Venedig Venetië Veneetsia Venetsia Venise Venecia VenedigΒενετία( Venetía Hungarian Velence Feneyjar Venice Venezia Venēcija Venezja Venezia Wenecja Veneza VenețiaVenetsiya BenátkyBenetke Venecia Fenisוועניס Վենետիկ ভেনি স威尼斯 (wēinísī) 威尼斯 ვენეციისવે નિસवेनिसヴェネツィアವೆನಿಸ್베니스வெனிஸ்వెనిస్เวนิซوینس Venetsiya
art umjetnost umění kunst taide τέχνη művészetList ealaín arte māksla menasarti Kunst sztuka artă umenie umetnost konstcelfקונסטարվեստincəsənətশিল্প艺术(yìshù)藝術 (yìshù)ხელოვნებაकलाkos duabアートಕಲೆសិល្បៈ미술(misul)ສິນລະປະകലकलाအတတ်ပညာकलाකලාවகலைఆర్ట్ศิลปะ آرٹsan'atnghệ thuậtفن (fan)אומנותهنرsanat artist
other Biennale :(Biennials ) :
Venice Biennial , Documenta Havana Biennial,Istanbul Biennial ( Istanbuli),Biennale de Lyon ,Dak'Art Berlin Biennial,Mercosul Visual Arts Biennial ,Bienal do Mercosul Porto Alegre.,Berlin Biennial ,Echigo-Tsumari Triennial .Yokohama Triennial Aichi Triennale,manifesta ,Copenhagen Biennale,Aichi Triennale .Yokohama Triennial,Echigo-Tsumari Triennial.Sharjah Biennial ,Biennale of Sydney, Liverpool , São Paulo Biennial ; Athens Biennale , Bienal do Mercosul ,Göteborg International Biennial for Contemporary Art ,DOCUMENTA KASSEL ATHENS
* Dakar
kritik [edit] kritikaria kritičar crític kritiker criticus kriitik kriitikko critique crítico Kritiker κριτικός(kritikós) kritikus Gagnrýnandi léirmheastóir critico kritiķis kritikas kritiku krytyk crítico critic crítico krytyk beirniad קריטיקער
Basque Veneziako Venecija [edit] Catalan Venècia Venedig Venetië Veneetsia Venetsia Venise Venecia Venedig Βενετία(Venetía) Hungarian Velence Feneyjar Venice Venezia Latvian Venēcija Venezja Venezia Wenecja Portuguese Veneza Veneția Venetsiya Benátky Benetke Venecia Fenis וועניס Վենետիկ ভেনিস 威尼斯 (wēinísī) 威尼斯 Georgian ვენეციის વેનિસ वेनिस ヴェネツィア ವೆನಿಸ್ 베니스 வெனிஸ் వెనిస్ เวนิซ وینس Venetsiya
Thierry Geoffroy / Colonel
#thierrygeoffroy #geoffroycolonel #thierrygeoffroycololonel #lecolonel #biennalist
#artformat #formatart
#emergencyart #urgencyart #urgentart #artofthenow #nowart
emergency art emergency art urgency artist de garde vagt alarm emergency room necessityart artistrole exigencyart predicament prediction pressureart
#InstitutionalCritique
#venicebiennale #venicebiennale2017 #venicebiennale2015
#venicebiennale2019
#venice #biennale #venicebiennale #venezia #italy
#venezia #venice #veniceitaly #venicebiennale
#pastlife #memory #venicebiennale #venice #Venezia #italy #hotelveniceitalia #artexhibit #artshow #internationalart #contemporaryart #themundane #summerday
#biennalevenice
Institutional Critique
Identity Politics Post-War Consumerism, Engagement with Mass Media, Performance Art, The Body, Film/Video, Political, Collage, , Cultural Commentary, Self as Subject, Color Photography, Related to Fashion, Digital Culture, Photography, Human Figure, Technology
Racial and Ethnic Identity, Neo-Conceptualism, Diaristic
Contemporary Re-creations, Popular Culture, Appropriation, Contemporary Sculpture,
Culture, Collective History, Group of Portraits, Photographic Source
, Endurance Art, Film/Video,, Conceptual Art and Contemporary Conceptualism, Color Photography, Human Figure, Cultural Commentary
War and Military, Political Figures, Social Action, Racial and Ethnic Identity, Conflict
Personal Histories, Alter Egos and Avatars
Use of Common Materials, Found Objects, Related to Literature, Installation, Mixed-Media, Engagement with Mass Media, Collage,, Outdoor Art, Work on Paper, Text
Appropriation (art) Art intervention Classificatory disputes about art Conceptual art Environmental sculpture Found object Interactive art Modern art Neo-conceptual art Performance art Sound art Sound installation Street installations Video installation Conceptual art Art movements Postmodern art Contemporary art Art media Aesthetics Conceptualism
Post-conceptualism Anti-anti-art Body art Conceptual architecture Contemporary art Experiments in Art and Technology Found object Happening Fluxus Information art Installation art Intermedia Land art Modern art Neo-conceptual art Net art Postmodern art Generative Art Street installation Systems art Video art Visual arts ART/MEDIA conceptual artis
—-
CRITICAL RUN is an art format developed by Thierry Geoffroy / COLONEL, It follows the spirit of ULTRACONTEMPORARY and EMERGENCY ART as well as aims to train the AWARENESS MUSCLE.
Critical Run has been activated on invitation from institutions such as Moderna Muset Stockholm, Moma PS1 ,Witte de With Rotterdam, ZKM Karlsruhe, Liverpool Biennale, Manifesta Biennial ,Sprengel Museum,Venice Biennale but have also just happened on the spot because a debate was necessary here and now.
It has been activated in Beijing, Cairo, London, Istanbul, Athens, Kassel, Sao Paolo, Hanoi, Istanbul, Paris, Copenhagen, Moskow, Napoli, Sydney, Wroclaw, Bruxelles, Rotterdam, Siberia, Karlsruhe, Barcelona, Aalborg, Venice, Virginia, Stockholm, Aarhus, Rio de Janeiro, Budapest, Washington, Lyon, Caracas, Trondheim, Berlin, Toronto, Hannover, Haage, Newtown, Cartagena, Tallinn, Herning, Roskilde;Mannheim ;Munich etc...
The run debates are about emergency topics like Climate Change , Xenophobia , Wars , Hyppocrisie , Apathy ,etc ...
Participants have been very various from Sweddish art critics , German police , American climate activist , Chinese Gallerists , Brasilian students , etc ...
Critical Run is an art format , like Emergency Room or Biennalist and is part of Emergency Art ULTRACONTEMPORARY and AWARENESS MUSCLE .
www.emergencyrooms.org/criticalrun.html
www.emergencyrooms.org/formats.html
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In 2020 a large exhibition will show 40 of the Critical Run at the Museum Villa Stuck in Munich / part of the Awareness Muscle Training Center
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for activating the format or for inviting the installation
please contact 1@colonel.dk
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critical,run,art,format,debate ,artformat,formatart,moment,clarity,emergency,kunst,
Sport,effort,curator,artist,urgency,urgence,criticalrun,emergencies,ultracontemporary
,rundebate,sport,art,activism, critic,laufen,Thierry Geoffroy , Colonel,kunstformat
,now art,copenhagen,denmark
Demontage van de grote kranen van Mammoet op de Axelsevlakte na afloop van het testen.
Dismanteling from the big PTC cranes from Mammoet at the Axelsevlakte afte the succesfull ended tests.
Reportage Umag mit Lena - youtu.be/V2gcFEdPRwo
Das V-Blog zum Anschauen mit allen Teilen - bit.ly/V-Blog-Umag
Zimmerführung Zimmer 663 Garden Sol Istra - youtu.be/a88lqqTSUFM
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