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Nintendo Switch Display, and Game Selection, at Target, Pics by Mike Mozart, instagram.com/MikeMozart
It's now become part of our travelling calendar - we go on a city break for Jayne’s birthday in January - no presents for birthday's and Christmas, we travel instead. This year it was Seville. We had to drive 180 miles south to Stansted to fly there though, Friday afternoon on the A1, such fun... It was a really good drive down in actual fact, the best day for months, glorious blue sky and a fantastic sunset- and I was in a car. We got stung for tea and drinks in the Radison Blu but we were overnighting and leaving the car so we didn't have much choice. Ryanair aagh! Again no choice. To be fair to the abrasive Irish man O Leary things are better than they used to be and it was an acceptable flight.
We were hoping for better weather than we got- don't you always? It was. cold, windy and after some initial beautiful sun on our first afternoon, it was mostly grey. The wind died but so did the sun. The other little problem was that it was my turn for the awful cold that Jayne had been trying to get over. I was under the weather in more ways than one all week, it was only a cold but it was the worst I've had for ages and it didn't help my mood, particularly when the sun was absent. We had a few hours of really nice light here and there and I made the most of it - I think!
Seville has miles and miles of narrow cobbled streets, they seem to go on for ever. They are almost random in layout and it is extremely difficult to find your way around, it's easier to just keep walking and see what you find. So we did! The architecture is stunning and the history is fascinating. Aside from the ancient history the two events that seem to have had a massive recent influence are the Expo's of 1929 and 1992. The incredible buildings or 'Pavilions' that were built for a one off event are now part of the reason that people visit the city. The 1929 pavilions are fantastic, each one is a story in itself and a destination in its own right but there are a lot of them in Parque Maria Luisa. Plaza Espana, built by the hosts of course, is the biggest and I would imagine that you could make a project out of photographing the individual ceramic tile displays around it on their own. These incredible buildings really need the light to be right to get images that people want to see, flat bright light from bright grey skies is good for certain things but dramatic architecture deserves better - or maybe I'm looking for the easy way option. The other discovery that we made, we found just down the road from the hotel, about an hour into the trip – The Metropol Parasol. A giant lattice work parasol, apparently called ‘The Mushrooms’ locally and apparently the world’s largest wooden structure. You have to look twice, having discovered that it is wood. Only later did we discover that we could get to the top and there is an extensive walkway around the top of it. It is built on top of ancient ruins, ( still intact and viewable) a food market and bars etc. and has a plaza around it and on it, that is buzzing on weekend evenings. Walking around the top, the first people up it one day and being back to watch the sunset later was one of the highlights of the trip for me.
The 1992 Expo also covered a massive area but left behind lots of modern - and some very strange - buildings and arenas. Some are of a temporary nature and get dismantled others find a new use. The land used was on an island between two branches of the River Guadalquivir – Isla de la Cartuja. The branch that goes through the city is now a canal, blocked at its northern end by a barrier with a motorway on it, and is used extensively for water sports, mainly rowing. Many of the buildings are now used by private companies as headquarters , others have a very derelict look. The whole area- even though it is home to the theme park- which was shut for the winter, has a neglected air about it. There are weeds growing everywhere but fountains are switched on, which seemed odd. Unlike the city a short distance away, there are no cafes or bars or other people around for that matter, just us meandering through. The car park that was created for the event is massive, it stretches for miles, and I really mean miles. Totally derelict, just the odd person or dog walker around. There is even a railway line terminating here, in the middle of nowhere a modern and apparently unmanned station, like a ghost station. At this point, across the river proper is open countryside, much flatter than I expected and very easy for local walkers and cyclists to get to - also very calm and quiet, a place to linger and enjoy the peace.
As usual I researched and discovered as we walked, we averaged around 13 miles a day and tried to get off the beaten track. We were out around 8.15, before sunrise, and had orange juice, coffee and Tostada with the locals for breakfast. The trouble is that there are many miles of walking in a relatively small area, some streets are only a few feet wide so there are a lot of them to explore. Incredible ancient churches and squares are around every corner- it's a very religious place - Catholicism rules in Spain. Unfortunately many are only a few feet away from the building next to it and it is difficult to get a decent shot of them. Seville is also famous, historically, as a producer of ceramic tiles. A building isn’t complete without a tile display of some sort and it would be very easy to make a project out of tiles alone. It may be a little boring for any companions though!
We walked the length of the embankment a couple of times, it has graffiti from end to end, several miles of massive concrete walls covered in everything imaginable, from marker pen scribbling to works of art. It was suggested to me that allowing people to paint here might prevent them from daubing property and monuments in the city- it hasn't! Most alleyways and shutters have been attacked to a greater or lesser degree. Spain has very high youth unemployment and maybe this plays a role. To be truthful though we haven't seen a city that's free of graffiti. The other problem is dogs- or what they produce, it's everywhere, absolutely everywhere, in a week we saw only one person remove his dogs mess. Fortunately the city streets are cleaned exceptionally well, some of the cleanest we have come across, men (and a lot of women) and machines are washing and sweeping endlessly.
Having had the wettest winter on record at home - almost three months of rain - we didn't want more rain but we got it. The upside was the water and the reflections that it created made photography on the cobbled streets more interesting, particularly at night. I usually find that it takes me a while to get into the groove on a trip and this one was no different, I didn't start shooting with total disregard - street shots- for a couple of days. Whilst the locals wore quilted jackets and scarves we got down to tee shirts at times, the warmer afternoons would be welcome in summer, never mind January, in Huddersfield. I envied the cyclists, being able to train in temperatures like this in winter - I wish! You need a lot less willpower to get out there and train hard in pleasant weather.
From a photography point of view I had a frustrating time, I never felt to get to grips with the place- other than on the streets at night. Writing this on my phone on the flight home, I haven't a clue what I've got to work with when I get back. I usually edit first and write later. Generally I have a first look, I'm disillusioned, I then revisit and see things differently- thankfully! Architectural shots with a grey sky could be destined for the monochrome treatment, we'll soon see. I'm still editing stuff from our London trip before Christmas, it's getting decent views in black and white and I quite enjoy looking at them myself.
We visited most of the notable tourist destinations, and went up anything that we could. Seville doesn't have a high point-it's flat! Nothing really stands head and shoulders above the city. The Cathedral tower is over 300 feet but the Cathedral itself fills a lot of the view on some aspects. Being square and having to look through bars in recesses you don't really get a completely open aspect. A new 600 foot tower is close to being finished, it's an office block and I couldn't find any mention of it being a viewing point in the future.
Oranges were the last thing on my mind when I suggested going to Seville. There are 25000 orange trees in Seville and now is the time that they are laden with big-and sour- Seville oranges, they are everywhere, apparently they are the property of the city authorities and will be harvested and sent to the UK to be made in to marmalade at some point in the near future. These trees will soon be covered in fragrant blossom, the city will smell beautiful for a couple of months. Studying the surrounding area it would be good to tour in March or April I would think, the scents, longer days and better weather would make for a fantastic trip. One for the future. The sunrise on our final morning was the best of the week, this was what we had looked forward to, we had to leave for the airport at 9.00...... Needless to say it was raining hard as we drove the last twenty miles home. Nothing new there then.
As usual I have aimed to present a pretty extensive collection of photographs of our chosen destination, some, at first glance will be pretty mundane shots of everyday life on the streets, often though, close inspection will reveal something humorous, something that needs a bit of thought. Others are definitely just people going about their holiday or work. Travelling with someone else it wouldn’t be fair to spend an inordinate amount of time trying to nail the perfect long exposure or HDR image of a cathedral or similar in perfect light – the one stunning shot to add to the portfolio- it’s not really my thing, I go for an overview of the place in the time available. Looking at the postcards locally it becomes obvious that stunning shots of some of these buildings are hard to come by. Heavily corrected converging verticals were quite obvious – and most likely will be in my own shots. As the owner of tilt and shift lenses I never travel with one – ever! My knees are already creaking from the weight of the bag.
Nose to nose, GP38ACs #8802 and #8804 pause between switching duties at the north end of Durand Yard. These unique Geeps were originally B&O GP40s that were rebuilt by Helm in the late 80s with AR-10 alternators and non-turbo 645s for the Central Michigan.
Switch and stand in the former DSS&A East Yard in Marquette. It would only be a few more years before the line from Munising Jct to (almost) Eagle mills would be pulled up. Image taken August 1993 and scanned from a slide.
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Olympus MZD 17mm f/1.2 PRO Review
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At the Buckingham Branch yard in Staunton, VA. It belongs to a tourist line that may not be in operation anymore.
he is nomal skin Ajeong boy.
he has kind face.
his personality also very kind.^^
but.. i can't find Ajeong boy owner.
I saw a lot of owners of MILHWA.
Thesedays head of SWITCH are so small. XD
now his wig is for MSD(7.5~8inch)
I want to find his freinds~
Membrane switches are simply a part of electronic equipment, and are often regarded as user interfaces or human-machine interfaces, making it easier for operators to input communications and commands to operate electronic equipment, making users more convenient. Membrane switch can also be called membrane panel. Membrane keypad or membrane keyboard is an electrical switch that can make the circuit turn on or off by changing the key pressure. Generally composed of Polyester, Lexan, Polycarbonate, adhesive, snap dome, connector, conductive inks, carbon ink or copper flex circuit.
Membrane Switches List
Membrane Keypad
PRODUCTS
Membrane Keypad
1. EMI/RFI; 2. IP65; 3. Good price; 4. Rim Embossed; 5. Male connector; 6. Velvet material
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Membrane Switch Panel
PRODUCTS
Membrane Switch Panel
1. Digital printing; 2. IP54; 3. Female Connector; 4. Embossed; 5. Matt material
READ MORE
Metal Dome Switch
PRODUCTS
Metal Dome Switch
1. Good tactile feedback; 2. High life style; 3. ZIF connector; 4. EL as backlit
READ MORE
Tactile & Non-Tactile Membrane Switches
PRODUCTS
Tactile & Non-Tactile Membrane Switches
1. Good tactile feedback; 2. High life style; 3. ZIF connector; 4. Screen printing; 5. Gloss window
READ MORE
PCB Membrane Switch
PRODUCTS
PCB Membrane Switch
1. Low Resistance; 2. High Conductivity; 3. Plating options can be tin-lead, nickel, or gold
READ MORE
FPC Membrane Switch
PRODUCTS
FPC Membrane Switch
1. Low Resistance; 2. High Conductivity; 3. Plating options can be tin-lead, nickel, or gold; 4. Zif connector; 5. LGF structure
READ MORE
The Structure:
membrane switch structure
What can Niceone-tech could do?
Niceone-tech customized membrane switches for different customers are widely used in various industries, empower exceptional product design for other man-machine interface solutions.
Membrane switch constantly updates and upgrades its technology, and its durability is gradually improved. Because of its superior performance and affordable price. As a reliable human-machine interface, it is increasingly favored by home, office and industrial applications.
Niceone-tech strictly customizes products in accordance with ISO9001-2015, and invests a lot of money every year to develop the technology of the membrane switch to improve the added value of products such as performance, life and function. Our membrane switches are exported in large quantities to European and American countries with stable quality and affordable prices. Niceone-tech understands the standards of European and American countries, so the products are always able to meet and exceed customer expectations.
What are the functions and advantages of membrane switches?
The reason why the membrane switch is widely used is because of some very superior performances. It can fulfill various requirements of users, from industrial equipment to medical equipment.
Moisture-proof performance: Because the membrane switch uses a good pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the stable performance of Polyester, Lexan, Polycarbonate one of the materials together. Membrane switch can be designed to meet NEMA 4 and IP 67, some products can even reach IP68.
Thin: First, it is not easy to be invaded by dust, and secondly, it reduces the space of the product.
Easy to clean: Membrane switches are easier to clean the surface than other mechanical keyboards.
Cost-effective: Compared with touch keyboard and silicone rubber keyboard, membrane switch cost will be more affordable.
Graphic interface: The topmost panel of the membrane switch can be the most conventional screen printing or digital printing. Niceone-tech can design the product to achieve the best visual effect. At the same time display the company logo and key functions on the panel
Protection by design- through the design of membrane switches can achieve antibacterial, anti-ultraviolet and other effects.
Why use the membrane keypad made by Niceone-tech?
Niceone-tech can customize products that are perfect and best suited to customer requirements according to customer needs. In order to let you know how the best and most suitable membrane switch is produced, we must talk about its structure:
1. Overlay-Polyester is usually the first choice for membrane switch panel materials, because its life will be a little longer than Polycarbonate. If it is simply a panel instead of a membrane switch, Lexan and Polyester are also good choices. Overlay is the most intuitive form of human-machine interface. Niceone-tech will screen print or digital print on the back of the material, and they can also be used in combination. Special requirements such as mirror silver effect are also feasible.
2. Overlay adhesive-As the first layer of adhesive paper under the panel, Acrylic adhesive is usually used, generally the thickness is between 0.125-0.225mm. If it is LGF membrane switch (to LGF membrane switch) structure, the thickness sometimes reaches 0.64mm.
3. Top Circuit Layer (Dome retainer): This layer usually has three functions: 1. As the Dome Retainer, it ensures that the Snap dome of the circuit layer will not form shrapnel movement due to triggering and closing, resulting in circuit failure and circuit wear. 2. Use 0.1-0.125mm Polyester printing conductive ink, carbon oil and UV ink as the upper line. This layer structure can also be convex to make tactile feedback better. 3. Can be used as ESD shielding layer.
4. Circuit Spacer (switch spacer): Both upper and lower lines are printed with conductive ink, usually thicker tape is used to separate the upper and lower lines to avoid direct conduction of the membrane switch. If the upper circuit is only used as a fixed layer, then the general thickness of Overlay adhesive + Top Circuit Layer + Lower Circuit Layer should be greater than 0.4mm, otherwise the panel will squeeze the shrapnel to make the feel worse. Unless the panel is convex, the four-layer structure is less than 0.4mm.
5. Lower Circuit Layer: The thickness of this layer circuit is usually 0.1-0.188mm. It can be printed with ink, carbon oil and UV ink. LEDs can also be installed. Some membrane switch panels will choose copper flex or Printing circuit Board as the circuit. Compared with Polyester, their performance will be more stable. More often applied to the medical and military industries. If it is copper flex or Printing circuit Board as a line, Niceone-tech can even install a variety of components on the line.
6. Rear Adhesive: There are many choices, but the most commonly used are 3M200MP series or 3M300LSE. According to the different products of membrane switch lamination, Niceone-tech will recommend 3M300LSE if it needs higher viscosity.
7. Rigid Support Layer: This layer structure is generally used as the last layer of the membrane switch, which can make the structure of the membrane switch component more complete. Usually the choice of materials are AL, FR4, PC or steel. If AL is selected, nuts or feet may sometimes be added to the back of the product.
Electrical performance
Working Voltage
≤50V(DC)
Working Current
≤100mA
Contact Resistance
0.5~10Ω
Insulation Resistance
≥100MΩ(100V/DC)
Basic Withstand voltage
2kV(DC)
Loop resistance
≤50Ω, ≤150Ω, ≤350Ω
Button Lifetime
>0.5-1.0 million times
Button Stroke
0.1-1.5mm
Button Feed BackTime
≤6ms
Tail Folding
No limit
Working Temperature
-20℃~+70℃
Stock Environment
-40℃~+85℃, Sealed
What special features can Niceone-tech membrane switches provide?
Backlighting Membrane Switch with Side-LEDs
Many working environments and machines will be used in low light or dark conditions. At this time, the customer asked us if we could solve this problem. At this time we will recommend the use of membrane switches with internal lighting. Choose EL film as the light guide plate, Fiber Optics, and the newer Light guide film (LGF) structure. Niceone-tech recommends LGF, which uses side LEDs and light guide panels to make the product have lower loss and longer life relative to EL membrane switch. Also available in different colors.
The thickness of the LGF membrane switch provided by Niceone-tech can even be 0.8mm. The brightness of buttons and logos is not only uniform and long-lasting, but more importantly, we can also make them illuminate each button individually. Sometimes you can also use two-color or RGB three-color lights to enter
One step makes the product more beautiful.
*If the customer wants the product to be more novel and beautiful, then we can sometimes use Epoxy in combination with the keys. Makes it an Epoxy LGF membrane switch
If you are interested in Backlit Membrane Switch, please feel free to contact Niceone-tech, we will send samples as soon as possible.
There are three other types of illuminating membrane switches below.
Fiber Optics
Fiber optic membrane switches are also a good choice for backlighting. The optical fiber material is very thin and can be used as a fixed layer of the membrane switch. At the same time, tactile feedback is better without adding a touch point. Life expectancy is up to 50,000 to 100,000 hours. The main light source is from LEDs
Through the optical fiber transmission in the membrane switch needs to light up. And can be larger than the surface-mounted LED backlight area. Click Fiber Optics membrane switch for more information.
Electroluminescent (EL)
EL backlight is driven by high frequency and low power. EL is very thin, it is a substitute for traditional lighting technology, and is widely used in various electronic accessories. The life of EL backlight products mainly depends on the driving voltage, frequency, temperature and humidity. But most EL membrane switches can reach a life of 4000 hours or more. The brightness of the EL membrane switch will attenuate linearly from the initial power-on. This is also an unavoidable disadvantage relative to other backlight membrane switch panels.
The EL backlit membrane switch provided by Niceone-tech will not cause heat, electricity and EMI problems. Mainly EL is more often a "cold" lighting medium.
LEDs
A common Light Emitting Diodes membrane switch with relatively low cost. Since this technology membrane switch cannot meet the lighting of a large area, it is mostly used for indication purposes. It is a relatively old technology. But the service life is long and deep customers love it.
Common design：
*Graphic overlays digitally and/or screen printed on the backside. The effect can be customized according to your requirements including glass, metal, wood, and stone. If the panel is in a more severe environment, we can even use hardened glass and stainless steel as the panel material. It is very important to choose Overlay printing according to requirements.
*The window needs raw materials to be transparent, frosted, transparent or colored. The window of the membrane switch is different, and the choice of materials is also very different. When the window is large, and it is required to clearly see the bottom LCD or touch screen. EBG series is a good choice, the material is scratch resistant. If it is just a panel, then PC or Lexan overlay is also feasible
*Selective textures and UV hard-coat surface finishes
*Tactile or non tactile, snap dome or non snap dome.
*Pillow rim-embossed membrane switch panels
*Optically clear adhesive(OCA)，Liquid Optically Clear Adhesive，Air Gap
*EMI/RFI shielding
*Rigid support backers such as aluminum and FR4 with PEM mounting fasteners
*Standard connectors such as CJT, Nicomatic and molex, etc.
Niceone-tech's custom-designed membrane switches and membrane switch keypads. Membrane switches are used in many industries. Niceone-tech summarizes several best membrane switch industries:
1. Medical Equipment and laboratories are the major markets. Niceone-tech provides customized membrane switches with complex requirements for many European and American manufacturers. In the medical environment, based on the standard membrane keypad, the materials sometimes have antibacterial effects and easy cleaning characteristics. At the same time Niceone-tech applies backlit and glue technology to the membrane switch. It can even be produced using digital printing.
2. Industrial Controls Because industrial equipment is more demanding moisture resistance and UV resistance, so the product's waterproof requirements and UV resistance performance requirements are relatively high. The choice of materials can refer to the membrane switch design guide, I believe that the materials compiled by Niceone-tech can help you.
3. Health & Fitness Equipment Because it is often corroded by sweat, salt and moisture, the material must be resistant to corrosion. Membrane switches are often used in treadmills. Using membrane switches to optimize performance and control is very important for fitness personnel.
What industry are you in?
Contact Niceone-tech today, or visit our Product Gallery for high-performance inventory and customized membrane switches for your unique applications. If you have any questions, please contact info@niceone-tech.com.
What can Niceone-tech do?
Niceone-tech customized membrane switches are sold all over the world for different industries such as medical, industrial control, military, etc. Every contact with the membrane switch products will be convinced by its stability, touch, and beautiful appearance. For example, the membrane switch used outdoors for a long time, the product must have the ability to resist ultraviolet rays. In extreme environments, then the choice of materials also needs to choose a better 3M or Nitto adhesive, and the panel material Niceone-tech recommends Autotype. Making the appropriate design and materials according to the actual situation is one of the necessary conditions for a switch type membrane to satisfy customers.
Niceone-tech is a professional custom membrane switch manufacturer in China and believes in the professionalism of our team to customize a variety of membrane switches that satisfy customers. Over the past few years, Niceone-tech has gradually combined backlighting technology with the combination of silicone buttons and membrane switches to produce products one after another that are unexpected in the market.
Membrane Switches FAQs
Q:What Is The Storage Temperature Of The Membrane Switch?
-20℃ -80℃
Q:What Is The Operating Temperature Of The Membrane Switch?
-20℃ -80℃
Q:What Is The Life Of The Membrane Switch?
More than 1,000,000 actuations
Q:What Is The Driving Load Of The Membrane Switch?
Non-tactile: 70g - 285g, Tactile: +100g to 600g
Q:EMI/RFI
Available
check the interior with the start stop switch and a flip up red kill protector , aventador interior geneva 2011
Nintendo Switch Display, and Game Selection, at Target, Pics by Mike Mozart, instagram.com/MikeMozart
Ohio Central 9100 actually used to be a Baltimore & Ohio switcher. The Alco S4 was built for the B&O as the 9100 in March 1957. It is shown at the Morgan Run shops near Coschocton, Ohio. (Scanned from a slide)
Nintendo Switch Display, and Game Selection, at Target, Pics by Mike Mozart, instagram.com/MikeMozart
Connecting the switch levers to the switch apparatus at the rails. Michelago Rail Yard, Michelago, NSW, Australia.
Three crew on the switcher.
The empty tank cars are taken to the south end of the yard, to be picked up by the hotshot and taken to Teck Cominco in Trail BC .The full tank car is attached to the caboose and is heading out to Celgar.
Nintendo Switch Display, and Game Selection, at Target, Pics by Mike Mozart, instagram.com/MikeMozart