View allAll Photos Tagged SuperComputer
Learn about the power of today’s supercomputers and how they are used to solve many of the biggest scientific challenges facing researchers. Use your imagination as you enter the mirrored “infinity room” to answer the question, “What would you do if there were more of you?” Learn the basics of parallel computing by taking a virtual walk through Titan, the nation’s most powerful supercomputer. While inside Titan, you will see how parallel computing is like building a house—to get a job done efficiently, workers must carry out different tasks at the same time. Today’s supercomputers provide solutions to the world’s biggest challenges! Photo credit/Genevieve Martin/ORNL
The MessagePad was the first series of personal digital assistant devices developed by Apple Computer (now Apple Inc.) for the Newton platform in 1993. Some electronic engineering and the manufacture of Apple's MessagePad devices was done in Japan by the Sharp Corporation. The devices were based on the ARM 610 RISC processor and all featured handwriting recognition software and were developed and marketed by Apple. The devices ran the Newton OS.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MessagePad
Retrocomputing (a portmanteau of retro and computing) is the use of early computer hardware and software today. Retrocomputing is usually classed as a hobby and recreation rather than a practical application of technology; enthusiasts often collect rare and valuable hardware and software for sentimental reasons. However some do make use of it.[1] Retrocomputing often gets its start when a computer user realizes that expensive fantasy systems like IBM Mainframes, DEC Superminis, SGI workstations and Cray Supercomputers have become affordable on the used computer market, usually in a relatively short time after the computers' era of use.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrocomputing
Con il termine retrocomputing si indica una attività di "archeologia informatica" che consiste nel reperire, specialmente a costi minimi, computer di vecchie generazioni, che hanno rappresentato fasi importanti dell'evoluzione tecnologica, ripararli se sono danneggiati, metterli nuovamente in funzione e preservarli.
Arsenal (Vienna)
The Vienna Arsenal, object 1
(Pictures you can see by clicking on the link at the end of page!)
The Arsenal in Vienna is a former military complex in the southeast of the city, located
in the 3rd district of Vienna. The mighty, consisting of several brick buildings facility is located on a rectangular plan on a hill south of the Country Road Belt (Landstraßer Gürtel).
Meaning
The Arsenal is the most important secular assembly of Romantic Historicism in Vienna and was conducted in Italian-Medieval and Byzantine-Moorish forms. Essentially the complex is preserved in its original forms; only the former workshop buildings within the bounding, from the the outside visible wings were replaced by new constructions.
History to 1945
Bird's eye view of the complex, arsenal, lithography Alexander Kaiser, 1855
Vienna Arsenal (Museum of Military History)
Arsenal, with HGM (Heeresgeschichtliches Museum) from the East
The complex, with a total of 31 "objects" (buildings) was built from 1849 to 1856 on the occasion of the March Revolution of 1848 and was the first building of the fortress triangle, replacing the old Vienna's city walls, with the Rossauer Barracks and the now-defunct Franz Joseph barracks at Stubenring. These buildings should not serve to deter foreign enemies from the city, but to secure state power in the event of revolutionary upheavals in Vienna. The decision to build the Arsenal, it came from the 19-year-old Emperor Franz Joseph I who on 2 December 1848 had come to the throne.
The design for the Imperial Artillery Arsenal came from General Artillery Director Vincenz Freiherr von Augustin, to which, subsequently, the site management had been transferred. Under his leadership, the buildings under assignment of sectors have been planned of the architects Carl Roesner, Antonius Pius de Riegel, August Sicard von Sicardsburg, Eduard van der Nüll, Theophil von Hansen and Ludwig Förster and built by the company of the architect Leopold Mayr.
From 1853 to 1856, Arsenal church was built by the architect Carl Roesner. The K.K. Court Weapon Museum, later K.K. Army Museum, now Museum of Military History, housed in a separate representative free-standing wing, was completed structurally in 1856, but was only in 1869 for the first time accessible.
For the construction of the Arsenal 177 million bricks were used. Construction costs totaled $ 8.5 million guilders. In the following years, there have been extensions. During the two world wars, the complex served as a weapons factory and arsenal, especially as barracks.
The record number of employees in Arsenal was reached in the First World War, with around 20,000 staffers. After 1918, the military-industrial operation with own steel mill was transformed into a public service institution with the name "Austrian Factories Arsenal". However, there were almost insoluble conversion problems in the transition to peacetime production, the product range was too great and the mismanagement considerable. The number of employees declined steadily, and the company became one of the great economic scandals of the First Republic.
By the fall of 1938, the area belonged to the 10th District Favoriten. However, as was established during the "Third Reich" the Reich District of Greater Vienna, became the arsenal complex and the south-east of it lying areas in the wake of district boundary changes parts of the 3rd District.
During the Second World War, in the Arsenal tank repair workshops of the Waffen-SS were set up. In the last two years of the war several buildings were severely damaged by bombing. During the Battle of Vienna, in the days of 7 to 9 April 1945, was the arsenal, defended by the 3rd SS Panzer Division "Totenkopf", focus of the fighting, the Red Army before its victory facing heavy losses.
History since 1945
Ruins of the object 15 after the air raids 1944
Deposits at the Arsenal Street
After heavy bomb damages during the Second World War, the buildings of the Arsenal were largely restored to their original forms.
In the southern part and in the former courtyard of the arsenal several new buildings were added, among them 1959-1963 the decoration workshops of the Federal Theatre designed by the architects Erich Boltenstern and Robert Weinlich. From 1961 to 1963, the telecommunications central office was built by the architect Fritz Pfeffer. From 1973 to 1975 were built operation and office building of the Post and Telephone Head Office for Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland (now Technology Centre Arsenal of Telekom Austria) with the 150-meter high radio tower in Vienna Arsenal according to the plans of architect Kurt Eckel. In the 1990s, a rehearsal stage of the Castle Theater (Burgtheater) was built according to plans by Gustav Peichl.
Also the Austrian Research and Testing Centre Arsenal, now Arsenal Research, which has made itself wordwide a celebrity by one of the largest air chambers (now moved to Floridsdorf - 21st District), was housed in the complex. A smaller part of the complex is still used by the Austrian army as a barracks. Furthermore, the Central Institute for Disinfection of the City of Vienna and the Central Chemical Laboratory of the Federal Monuments Office are housed in the arsenal. The Military History Museum uses multiple objects as depots.
In one part of the area residential buildings were erected. The Arsenal is forming an own, two census tracts encompassing census district, which according to the census in 2001 had 2.058 inhabitants.
End of 2003, the arsenal in connection with other properties of the Federal Property Society (BIG - Bundesimmobiliengesellschaft) was sold to a private investor group. Since early 2006, the lawyer of Baden (Lower Austria, not far away from Vienna) Rudolf Fries and industrialist Walter Scherb are majority owners of the 72,000 m2 historic site that they want to refurbish and according to possibility rent new. Fries also plans to enlarge the existing living space by more than a half (about 40,000 m2).
An architectural design competition, whose jury on 28 and 29 in June 2007 met, provided proposals amounting to substantial structural changes in the complex. Such designed competition winner Hohensinn a futuristic clouds clip modeled after El Lissitzky's cloud bracket, a multi-level horizontal structure on slender stilts over the old stock on the outskirts of the Swiss Garden. The realization of these plans is considered unlikely.
Some objects are since 2013 adapted for use by the Technical University of Vienna: Object 227, the so-called "Panzerhalle" will house laboratories of the Institute for Powertrains and Automotive Technology. In object 221, the "Siemens hall", laboratories of the Institute for Energy Technology and Thermodynamics as well as of the Institute for Manufacturing Technology and High Power Laser Technology are built. In object 214 is besides the Technical Testing and Research Institute (TVFA) also the second expansion stage of the "Vienna Scientific Cluster" housed, of a supercomputer, which was built jointly by the Vienna University of Technology, the University of Vienna and the University of Agricultural Sciences.
Accessibility
The arsenal was historically especially over the Landstraßer Gürtel developed. Today passes southeast in the immediate proximity the Südosttangente called motorway A23 with it connection Gürtel/Landstraßer Hauptstrasse. Southwest of the site runs the Eastern Railway, the new Vienna Central Station closes to the west of the arsenal. Two new bridges over the Eastern Railway, the Arsenal Stay Bridge and the Southern Railway bridge and an underpass as part of Ghegastraße and Alfred- Adler-Straße establish a connection to the on the other side of the railway facilities located Sonnwendviertel in the 10th District, which is being built on the former site of the freight train station Vienna South Station.
On the center side is between Arsenal and Landstraßer Gürtel the former Maria Josefa Park located, now known as Swiss Garden. Here stands at the Arsenal street the 21er Haus, a branch of the Austrian Gallery Belvedere, on the center-side edge of the Swiss Garden has the busy suburban main railway route the stop Vienna Quartier Belvedere, next to it the Wiener Linien D (tram) and 69A (bus) run.
Arsenal (Vienna)
The Vienna Arsenal, object 1
(Pictures you can see by clicking on the link at the end of page!)
The Arsenal in Vienna is a former military complex in the southeast of the city, located in the 3rd district of Vienna. The mighty, consisting of several brick buildings facility is located on a rectangular plan on a hill south of the Country Road Belt (Landstraßer Gürtel).
Meaning
The Arsenal is the most important secular assembly of Romantic Historicism in Vienna and was conducted in Italian-Medieval and Byzantine-Moorish forms. Essentially the complex is preserved in its original forms; only the former workshop buildings within the bounding, from the the outside visible wings were replaced by new constructions.
History to 1945
Bird's eye view of the complex, arsenal, lithography Alexander Kaiser, 1855
Vienna Arsenal (Museum of Military History)
Arsenal, with HGM (Heeresgeschichtliches Museum) from the East
The complex, with a total of 31 "objects" (buildings) was built from 1849 to 1856 on the occasion of the March Revolution of 1848 and was the first building of the fortress triangle, replacing the old Vienna's city walls, with the Rossauer Barracks and the now-defunct Franz Joseph barracks at Stubenring. These buildings should not serve to deter foreign enemies from the city, but to secure state power in the event of revolutionary upheavals in Vienna. The decision to build the Arsenal, it came from the 19-year-old Emperor Franz Joseph I who on 2 December 1848 had come to the throne.
The design for the Imperial Artillery Arsenal came from General Artillery Director Vincenz Freiherr von Augustin, to which, subsequently, the site management had been transferred. Under his leadership, the buildings under assignment of sectors have been planned of the architects Carl Roesner, Antonius Pius de Riegel, August Sicard von Sicardsburg, Eduard van der Nüll, Theophil von Hansen and Ludwig Förster and built by the company of the architect Leopold Mayr.
From 1853 to 1856, Arsenal church was built by the architect Carl Roesner. The K.K. Court Weapon Museum, later K.K. Army Museum, now Museum of Military History, housed in a separate representative free-standing wing, was completed structurally in 1856, but was only in 1869 for the first time accessible.
For the construction of the Arsenal 177 million bricks were used. Construction costs totaled $ 8.5 million guilders. In the following years, there have been extensions. During the two world wars, the complex served as a weapons factory and arsenal, especially as barracks.
The record number of employees in Arsenal was reached in the First World War, with around 20,000 staffers. After 1918, the military-industrial operation with own steel mill was transformed into a public service institution with the name "Austrian Factories Arsenal". However, there were almost insoluble conversion problems in the transition to peacetime production, the product range was too great and the mismanagement considerable. The number of employees declined steadily, and the company became one of the great economic scandals of the First Republic.
By the fall of 1938, the area belonged to the 10th District Favoriten. However, as was established during the "Third Reich" the Reich District of Greater Vienna, became the arsenal complex and the south-east of it lying areas in the wake of district boundary changes parts of the 3rd District.
During the Second World War, in the Arsenal tank repair workshops of the Waffen-SS were set up. In the last two years of the war several buildings were severely damaged by bombing. During the Battle of Vienna, in the days of 7 to 9 April 1945, was the arsenal, defended by the 3rd SS Panzer Division "Totenkopf", focus of the fighting, the Red Army before its victory facing heavy losses.
History since 1945
Ruins of the object 15 after the air raids 1944
Deposits at the Arsenal Street
After heavy bomb damages during the Second World War, the buildings of the Arsenal were largely restored to their original forms.
In the southern part and in the former courtyard of the arsenal several new buildings were added, among them 1959-1963 the decoration workshops of the Federal Theatre designed by the architects Erich Boltenstern and Robert Weinlich. From 1961 to 1963, the telecommunications central office was built by the architect Fritz Pfeffer. From 1973 to 1975 were built operation and office building of the Post and Telephone Head Office for Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland (now Technology Centre Arsenal of Telekom Austria) with the 150-meter high radio tower in Vienna Arsenal according to the plans of architect Kurt Eckel. In the 1990s, a rehearsal stage of the Castle Theater (Burgtheater) was built according to plans by Gustav Peichl.
Also the Austrian Research and Testing Centre Arsenal, now Arsenal Research, which has made itself wordwide a celebrity by one of the largest air chambers (now moved to Floridsdorf - 21st District), was housed in the complex. A smaller part of the complex is still used by the Austrian army as a barracks. Furthermore, the Central Institute for Disinfection of the City of Vienna and the Central Chemical Laboratory of the Federal Monuments Office are housed in the arsenal. The Military History Museum uses multiple objects as depots.
In one part of the area residential buildings were erected. The Arsenal is forming an own, two census tracts encompassing census district, which according to the census in 2001 had 2.058 inhabitants.
End of 2003, the arsenal in connection with other properties of the Federal Property Society (BIG - Bundesimmobiliengesellschaft) was sold to a private investor group. Since early 2006, the lawyer of Baden (Lower Austria, not far away from Vienna) Rudolf Fries and industrialist Walter Scherb are majority owners of the 72,000 m2 historic site that they want to refurbish and according to possibility rent new. Fries also plans to enlarge the existing living space by more than a half (about 40,000 m2).
An architectural design competition, whose jury on 28 and 29 in June 2007 met, provided proposals amounting to substantial structural changes in the complex. Such designed competition winner Hohensinn a futuristic clouds clip modeled after El Lissitzky's cloud bracket, a multi-level horizontal structure on slender stilts over the old stock on the outskirts of the Swiss Garden. The realization of these plans is considered unlikely.
Some objects are since 2013 adapted for use by the Technical University of Vienna: Object 227, the so-called "Panzerhalle" will house laboratories of the Institute for Powertrains and Automotive Technology. In object 221, the "Siemens hall", laboratories of the Institute for Energy Technology and Thermodynamics as well as of the Institute for Manufacturing Technology and High Power Laser Technology are built. In object 214 is besides the Technical Testing and Research Institute (TVFA) also the second expansion stage of the "Vienna Scientific Cluster" housed, of a supercomputer, which was built jointly by the Vienna University of Technology, the University of Vienna and the University of Agricultural Sciences.
Accessibility
The arsenal was historically especially over the Landstraßer Gürtel developed. Today passes southeast in the immediate proximity the Südosttangente called motorway A23 with it connection Gürtel/Landstraßer Hauptstrasse. Southwest of the site runs the Eastern Railway, the new Vienna Central Station closes to the west of the arsenal. Two new bridges over the Eastern Railway, the Arsenal Stay Bridge and the Southern Railway bridge and an underpass as part of Ghegastraße and Alfred- Adler-Straße establish a connection to the on the other side of the railway facilities located Sonnwendviertel in the 10th District, which is being built on the former site of the freight train station Vienna South Station.
On the center side is between Arsenal and Landstraßer Gürtel the former Maria Josefa Park located, now known as Swiss Garden. Here stands at the Arsenal street the 21er Haus, a branch of the Austrian Gallery Belvedere, on the center-side edge of the Swiss Garden has the busy suburban main railway route the stop Vienna Quartier Belvedere, next to it the Wiener Linien D (tram) and 69A (bus) run.
PI: William George, National Institute of Standards and Technology
Flow simulations of thousands of particles on the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility’s Blue Gene/P supercomputer are enabling new insights into how to measure and control flow properties of large-particle dense suspensions like concrete that cannot currently be accurately measured in industrial settings. A better understanding of these properties will help ensure the optimum performance of concrete and eliminate cost overruns.
Credit: Images and the software used to produce them were developed by Steven Satterfield, John Hagedorn, and John Kelso of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and Marc Olano of NIST and the University of Maryland–Baltimore County.
Karthik Duraisamy, AERO Professor, explains a computer simulation of a shock wave impinging on an airplane wing surface in the Duderstadt Center on March 29, 2016.
ConFlux is designed to enable supercomputer simulations to interface with large datasets and aims to close a gap in the U.S. research computing infrastructure while van guarding the emerging field of data-driven physics.
Photo: Joseph Xu/Multimedia Content Producer, University of Michigan - College of Engineering
(from left) Argonne Leadership Computing Facility's (ALCF) Susan Coghlan and Mike Papka.
31102D, Aurora Press Conference with ANL, Intel, and Cray
Photographer: Mark Lopez
1989: Parallel Virtual Machine software
The Parallel Virtual Machine software enables different types of computer systems, such as the Kendall Square system behind ORNL researchers Malcolm Stocks and Al Geist, to be used as a coherent and flexible computational resource.
The first version of the Parallel Virtual Machine software is developed at ORNL, attracting more than 400,000 users in the mid-1990s to become the international de facto standard for clustering computers into a virtual supercomputer.
Currently ranked the world's fastest supercomputer. Fujitsu is collaborating with RIKEN to develop the "K computer". More details here:
www.fujitsu.com/global/about/tech/k/
And related press release here:
www.fujitsu.com/global/news/pr/archives/month/2011/201106...
Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm visited ORNL on Nov. 22, 2021, for a two-hour tour. Secretary Granholm met with scientists and engineers during a visit that featured ORNL’s computational capabilities, basic energy science and bioenergy research, innovations in grid and electrification and novel advanced manufacturing solutions. Secretary Granholm was joined on her tour by U.S. Representative Chuck Fleischmann and Oak Ridge Mayor Warren Gooch. Granholm virtually visited ORNL on Sept. 28, 2021. This is the secretary’s first in-person visit to the Lab.
photo by Scott Beale / Laughing Squid
This photo is licensed under a Creative Commons license. If you use this photo within the terms of the license or make special arrangements to use the photo, please list the photo credit as "Scott Beale / Laughing Squid" and link the credit to laughingsquid.com.
Arsenal (Vienna)
The Vienna Arsenal, object 1
(Pictures you can see by clicking on the link at the end of page!)
The Arsenal in Vienna is a former military complex in the southeast of the city, located in the 3rd district of Vienna. The mighty, consisting of several brick buildings facility is located on a rectangular plan on a hill south of the Country Road Belt (Landstraßer Gürtel).
Meaning
The Arsenal is the most important secular assembly of Romantic Historicism in Vienna and was conducted in Italian-Medieval and Byzantine-Moorish forms. Essentially the complex is preserved in its original forms; only the former workshop buildings within the bounding, from the the outside visible wings were replaced by new constructions.
History to 1945
Bird's eye view of the complex, arsenal, lithography Alexander Kaiser, 1855
Vienna Arsenal (Museum of Military History)
Arsenal, with HGM (Heeresgeschichtliches Museum) from the East
The complex, with a total of 31 "objects" (buildings) was built from 1849 to 1856 on the occasion of the March Revolution of 1848 and was the first building of the fortress triangle, replacing the old Vienna's city walls, with the Rossauer Barracks and the now-defunct Franz Joseph barracks at Stubenring. These buildings should not serve to deter foreign enemies from the city, but to secure state power in the event of revolutionary upheavals in Vienna. The decision to build the Arsenal, it came from the 19-year-old Emperor Franz Joseph I who on 2 December 1848 had come to the throne.
The design for the Imperial Artillery Arsenal came from General Artillery Director Vincenz Freiherr von Augustin, to which, subsequently, the site management had been transferred. Under his leadership, the buildings under assignment of sectors have been planned of the architects Carl Roesner, Antonius Pius de Riegel, August Sicard von Sicardsburg, Eduard van der Nüll, Theophil von Hansen and Ludwig Förster and built by the company of the architect Leopold Mayr.
From 1853 to 1856, Arsenal church was built by the architect Carl Roesner. The K.K. Court Weapon Museum, later K.K. Army Museum, now Museum of Military History, housed in a separate representative free-standing wing, was completed structurally in 1856, but was only in 1869 for the first time accessible.
For the construction of the Arsenal 177 million bricks were used. Construction costs totaled $ 8.5 million guilders. In the following years, there have been extensions. During the two world wars, the complex served as a weapons factory and arsenal, especially as barracks.
The record number of employees in Arsenal was reached in the First World War, with around 20,000 staffers. After 1918, the military-industrial operation with own steel mill was transformed into a public service institution with the name "Austrian Factories Arsenal". However, there were almost insoluble conversion problems in the transition to peacetime production, the product range was too great and the mismanagement considerable. The number of employees declined steadily, and the company became one of the great economic scandals of the First Republic.
By the fall of 1938, the area belonged to the 10th District Favoriten. However, as was established during the "Third Reich" the Reich District of Greater Vienna, became the arsenal complex and the south-east of it lying areas in the wake of district boundary changes parts of the 3rd District.
During the Second World War, in the Arsenal tank repair workshops of the Waffen-SS were set up. In the last two years of the war several buildings were severely damaged by bombing. During the Battle of Vienna, in the days of 7 to 9 April 1945, was the arsenal, defended by the 3rd SS Panzer Division "Totenkopf", focus of the fighting, the Red Army before its victory facing heavy losses.
History since 1945
Ruins of the object 15 after the air raids 1944
Deposits at the Arsenal Street
After heavy bomb damages during the Second World War, the buildings of the Arsenal were largely restored to their original forms.
In the southern part and in the former courtyard of the arsenal several new buildings were added, among them 1959-1963 the decoration workshops of the Federal Theatre designed by the architects Erich Boltenstern and Robert Weinlich. From 1961 to 1963, the telecommunications central office was built by the architect Fritz Pfeffer. From 1973 to 1975 were built operation and office building of the Post and Telephone Head Office for Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland (now Technology Centre Arsenal of Telekom Austria) with the 150-meter high radio tower in Vienna Arsenal according to the plans of architect Kurt Eckel. In the 1990s, a rehearsal stage of the Castle Theater (Burgtheater) was built according to plans by Gustav Peichl.
Also the Austrian Research and Testing Centre Arsenal, now Arsenal Research, which has made itself wordwide a celebrity by one of the largest air chambers (now moved to Floridsdorf - 21st District), was housed in the complex. A smaller part of the complex is still used by the Austrian army as a barracks. Furthermore, the Central Institute for Disinfection of the City of Vienna and the Central Chemical Laboratory of the Federal Monuments Office are housed in the arsenal. The Military History Museum uses multiple objects as depots.
In one part of the area residential buildings were erected. The Arsenal is forming an own, two census tracts encompassing census district, which according to the census in 2001 had 2.058 inhabitants.
End of 2003, the arsenal in connection with other properties of the Federal Property Society (BIG - Bundesimmobiliengesellschaft) was sold to a private investor group. Since early 2006, the lawyer of Baden (Lower Austria, not far away from Vienna) Rudolf Fries and industrialist Walter Scherb are majority owners of the 72,000 m2 historic site that they want to refurbish and according to possibility rent new. Fries also plans to enlarge the existing living space by more than a half (about 40,000 m2).
An architectural design competition, whose jury on 28 and 29 in June 2007 met, provided proposals amounting to substantial structural changes in the complex. Such designed competition winner Hohensinn a futuristic clouds clip modeled after El Lissitzky's cloud bracket, a multi-level horizontal structure on slender stilts over the old stock on the outskirts of the Swiss Garden. The realization of these plans is considered unlikely.
Some objects are since 2013 adapted for use by the Technical University of Vienna: Object 227, the so-called "Panzerhalle" will house laboratories of the Institute for Powertrains and Automotive Technology. In object 221, the "Siemens hall", laboratories of the Institute for Energy Technology and Thermodynamics as well as of the Institute for Manufacturing Technology and High Power Laser Technology are built. In object 214 is besides the Technical Testing and Research Institute (TVFA) also the second expansion stage of the "Vienna Scientific Cluster" housed, of a supercomputer, which was built jointly by the Vienna University of Technology, the University of Vienna and the University of Agricultural Sciences.
Accessibility
The arsenal was historically especially over the Landstraßer Gürtel developed. Today passes southeast in the immediate proximity the Südosttangente called motorway A23 with it connection Gürtel/Landstraßer Hauptstrasse. Southwest of the site runs the Eastern Railway, the new Vienna Central Station closes to the west of the arsenal. Two new bridges over the Eastern Railway, the Arsenal Stay Bridge and the Southern Railway bridge and an underpass as part of Ghegastraße and Alfred- Adler-Straße establish a connection to the on the other side of the railway facilities located Sonnwendviertel in the 10th District, which is being built on the former site of the freight train station Vienna South Station.
On the center side is between Arsenal and Landstraßer Gürtel the former Maria Josefa Park located, now known as Swiss Garden. Here stands at the Arsenal street the 21er Haus, a branch of the Austrian Gallery Belvedere, on the center-side edge of the Swiss Garden has the busy suburban main railway route the stop Vienna Quartier Belvedere, next to it the Wiener Linien D (tram) and 69A (bus) run.
"The purpose of the SAGE, Stewart’s included, was simple: They were the ultimate line of defense from a Soviet nuclear attack, a bulwark from an act of war that seemed inevitable in the 1950s. The SAGEs directed and organized the North American Aerospace Defense Command’s (NORAD) response to a potential Soviet air strike by coordinating data from numerous radar sites into a single, comprehensible image. Radar images picked up in New York, for example, could now be viewed by radar operators in California, in real-time via telephone lines. For a pre-connected world, this was astonishing.
The 18-inch, reinforced concrete walls of the SAGE safeguarded supercomputers and networking equipment —the vacuum-tube computer IBM AN/FSQ-7 to be exact— fantastically large computers whose circular, monochromatic display screens and endless corridors of equipment are etched in popular lore, played up in movies and old science fiction tales. Though the computing power of the IBM AN/FSQ-7 pales in comparison to a modern-day smartphone, the computers were—and remain—the largest ever built.
The interior of the building was almost as haunting as its menacing exterior. An article published on the Hudson Valley’s Times-Herald Record described the SAGE interior thusly: On a wall on the top floor — the war room — was an etched-glass map of the eastern U.S. showing potential Soviet bomber targets, and a board evidently meant to track the progress of the war to end all wars."
source: portfolio.panynj.gov/2015/11/03/stewart-international-air...
Newburgh, New York
www.investors.com/news/technology/semiconductor-stocks-br...
China Restrictions Kneecap U.S. Chipmakers
U.S. trade restrictions on selling advanced chip technology to China have shaken makers of semiconductors the world over. Now possible retaliation by the world's largest buyer of chips threatens to pull the rug out from under struggling semiconductor stocks, and ripple through the U.S. economy.
The new trade curbs announced last month likely will hinder China's efforts in artificial intelligence, autonomous vehicles and other areas that need the latest computer chips. But China has many tools it could use to strike back at the U.S., from vetoing corporate mergers to withholding critical materials used in electronics. It could also simply take its chip business elsewhere in the longer term.
And China holds considerable market clout, as it consumes more than a third of the world's semiconductors.
China hasn't responded in kind to the latest U.S. trade restrictions — yet.
"There's been no response yet other than complaining," Robert Maire, president of consulting firm Semiconductor Advisors, told Investor's Business Daily. "But there are plenty of ways for them to respond."
Keeping China Two Generations Behind
The U.S. technology trade war with China began in mid-2019 when the U.S. Department of Commerce put Huawei on its entity list, barring trade with the Chinese telecom and computing firm. Since then, the U.S. government has gradually expanded its restrictions on technology trade with China.
President Joe Biden stepped up sanctions against China on Oct. 7 when he added more technology to the U.S. restricted trade list. The latest trade curbs cover advanced microprocessors and memory chips.
Companies now must secure export licenses from the U.S. Department of Commerce to sell chips and semiconductor manufacturing equipment in those areas. The restrictions also cover foreign companies that use U.S. software and technology in their products.
The intent of the export controls is to limit China's supercomputer and semiconductor manufacturing advancements. The U.S. is concerned that the technologies could enable China's military modernization and surveillance operations. It's also concerned about sales of advanced weapons to Russia.
The U.S. and Europe also worry about anticompetitive business practices by Chinese entities.
With its latest moves, the U.S. is returning to its historical strategy of keeping China two generations behind on semiconductor technology, Maire says.
Semiconductor Stocks Face Revenue Loss
U.S. semiconductor firms could lose 5% to 10% of their sales from the new China restrictions, BofA Securities analyst Vivek Arya said in a recent note to clients. Most vulnerable are makers of central processing units, graphics processing units, semiconductor equipment and electronic design automation software, Arya said.
These firms include central processing unit makers AMD (AMD) and Intel, graphics-chip maker Nvidia and chip-gear makers Applied Materials (AMAT), KLA (KLAC) and Lam Research (LRCX).
Also impacted are chip-design software firms Cadence Design Systems (CDNS) and Synopsys (SNPS).
Wall Street analysts say the impact on those semiconductor stocks appears manageable for now.
But the restrictions could have a significant impact on computer makers that sell servers and data center hardware in China, including China's own Lenovo.
China Could Halt Tech Mergers
One way China could retaliate is by not approving foreign mergers and acquisitions, analysts say. Multinational companies that meet a certain threshold for sales in China need approval for mergers from the Chinese government.
Case in point: On Nov. 1, chemical giant DuPont (DD) abandoned its $5.2 billion acquisition of Rogers (ROG), a U.S. electronic materials maker, after failing to get approval from Chinese regulators. DuPont blamed protracted delays in securing regulatory approval in China for its decision to scrap the deal, which was announced a year ago.
Wall Street analysts have speculated that other pending deals are threatened by the heightened tension between the U.S. and China. They include Intel's (INTC) $5.4 billion purchase of Tower Semiconductor (TSEM) and MaxLinear's (MXL) $3.8 billion acquisition of Silicon Motion (SIMO).
China also could put up a roadblock to Microsoft's (MSFT) $69 billion purchase of video game publisher Activision Blizzard (ATVI).
Another way China could respond to the U.S. trade curbs is by imposing tariffs on U.S. imports. It could also restrict exports of rare earth materials, battery components and pharmaceutical materials.
"One area where China has some unique monopolistic leverage over us is in rare earth elements and other materials that are used in electronics," Maire said. "They could respond by cutting us off or threatening to cut us off."
Analysts see a low likelihood of China invading Taiwan to gain its semiconductor leadership. China considers Taiwan a runaway province and does not recognize its independence.
China Might Give Cold Shoulder To U.S. Chipmakers
U.S. semiconductor trade restrictions will push Chinese companies to diversify away from U.S. suppliers. They might rely on "more dependable" suppliers in Japan, South Korea and Europe, Mizuho Securities analyst Vijay Rakesh said in a recent report. At the same time, China will continue to develop its own semiconductor industry to try to catch up, he said.
China also could move away from U.S. chipmakers in semiconductor segments not covered by the trade restrictions, Rakesh said.
For instance, in analog chips, China could shift business from U.S. firms like Texas Instruments (TXN) and Microchip Technology (MCHP) to Europe's Infineon and STMicroelectronics (STM) and Japan's Renesas, he said.
The same could happen for radio-frequency chips used in cellphones. That would hurt U.S. wireless-chip firms Qorvo (QRVO), Qualcomm (QCOM) and Skyworks Solutions (SWKS).
Redoubling China's Chip Efforts
Regardless of the trade restrictions, the Chinese government is likely to continue its massive funding campaign to expand its domestic semiconductor capabilities. As of now, the country remains at least five years behind industry leaders.
China is the largest buyer of semiconductors, consuming 35% of global semiconductors in 2021, but producing only 7% domestically. Last year, China imported about $150 billion worth of semiconductors. That's about 80% of its chip consumption, according to BofA Securities.
"China has limited options for retaliation and is likely to focus on boosting self-reliance," Barclays analysts said in a recent note to clients.
The latest trade bans include sub-18 nanometer DRAM memory chips and 16- and 14-nanometer node logic chips. Circuit widths on chips are measured in nanometers, which are one-billionth of a meter. The ban also covers Nand memory chips at 128 layers and above.
Also included are high-performance chips with data transfer rates of 600 gigabytes per second or more. Further, the trade restrictions cover chips with processing performance above 4,800 TOPS, or trillions of tera operations per second.
Nvidia (NVDA) has already started offering alternative graphics processors to China that meet the new export controls. Its new graphics processing unit, the A800, has a data transfer rate of 400 gigabytes per second. That's below the 600Gbs threshold set by the U.S. government.
Companies most impacted by the latest U.S. trade restrictions are Chinese firms. They include chip foundry SMIC and Nand memory chipmaker YMTC.
Semiconductor Stocks: Chip Cycle Entering Downtrend
Meanwhile, semiconductor stocks have been beaten down by a cyclical downturn in memory chips and PC processors. Downturns may lie ahead in other segments. Areas still showing strength are cloud computing data centers and automotive markets.
Through Nov. 21, the Philadelphia semiconductor index, known as the SOX, is down 32% in 2022. The SOX includes the 30 largest semiconductor stocks traded in the U.S. By comparison, the S&P 500 index is down 17% year to date.
The downswing in the chip sector comes after two years of heightened demand.
The pandemic spurred demand for personal computers, tablets and home entertainment gear amid the work-from-home, school-at-home and shelter-in-place trends. Add to that secular growth trends such as cloud computing, 5G wireless, advanced driver-assistance systems and electric vehicles. Increased demand caused supply shortages in some segments of the chip market.
U.S. Government Funding For Chip Manufacturers
To bolster U.S. supplies, the Biden administration has ramped up funding for domestic chip development and production.
With the passage of the 2022 CHIPS Act in August, the federal government is making its largest single investment in semiconductor R&D ever. The CHIPS Act is a $280 billion package that includes grants and tax credits over the next 10 years. It includes nearly $53 billion in subsidies for companies investing in semiconductor manufacturing and equipment in the U.S.
Even before the CHIPS Act, chipmakers planned to expand production in the United States. But the possibility of U.S. government funding and support has fueled more interest in new domestic plants.
Chipmakers GlobalFoundries (GFS), Intel, Micron (MU), Samsung, Texas Instruments and Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing (TSM) have all announced plans to expand U.S. wafer and chip capacity. Taiwan Semi, or TSMC, is building a cutting-edge chip fab in Arizona to produce 5-nanometer and 3-nanometer semiconductors. Intel is building new plants in Arizona and Ohio.
The CHIPS Act aims to amplify the scope and impact of existing U.S. semiconductor research and development. It establishes two new entities, the National Semiconductor Technology Center and the National Advanced Packaging Manufacturing Program.
Semiconductor Stocks: An Industry Critical To U.S.
Governments in Europe, India, Japan and South Korea also are pursuing domestic semiconductor investment initiatives.
Global semiconductor sales chartThe U.S. and its allies are concerned about concentrating too much semiconductor business in Taiwan and China. They also seek to avoid the supply disruptions experienced during the Covid-19 pandemic.
The U.S. doesn't want to see its semiconductor expertise usurped by China in the same way it lost the manufacturing base for solar panels, light-emitting diodes and other tech products, says Maire of Semiconductor Advisors.
"It's correct to take an aggressive stance here because semiconductors are highly important for defense and intelligence gathering but also general-purpose computers, servers, etc.," Maire said. "It's one thing to let the solar industry go to China, but losing the semiconductor industry would be devastating."
The U.S. share of global semiconductor production has dropped to 12% currently from 37% in 1990. Europe's share of chip production has fallen to 9% from 44% over the same time period.
Taiwan's TSMC Leads In Leading-Edge Chips
Asia currently accounts for 75% to 80% of global chip manufacturing. That's mainly in Taiwan, South Korea, mainland China and Japan.
But Taiwan dominates leading-edge chip production. It controls about 92% of global production for 10-nanometer and below nodes, all coming from TSMC. The other 8% comes from Samsung in South Korea, Goldman Sachs said in a recent report.
Most 5G smartphone application processors and computer central processing units and graphics processors are made with 10-nanometer and below technologies.
Next up could be U.S. restrictions on sales to China of quantum computing, high-end biotechnology and artificial intelligence software, Evercore ISI analyst C.J. Muse said in a recent note to clients.
"Additional controls are coming," Muse said. "We would expect the U.S. government to focus on areas such as quantum computing/AI software, biomanufacturing, and/or high-capacity batteries."
Follow Patrick Seitz on Twitter at @IBD_PSeitz for more stories on consumer technology, software and semiconductor stocks.
Anna Maria Bailey, LLNL high performance computing facility manager, with the Cab supercomputer that will be retrofitted with liquid cooling in January.
Read more: www.llnl.gov/news/state-grant-enables-energy-saving-retro...
Photo by Julie Russell/LLNL.
Argonne Director Peter Littlewood greets Congressman Bill Foster to the podium.
31102D, Aurora Press Conference with ANL, Intel, and Cray
Photographer: Mark Lopez
Learn about the power of today’s supercomputers and how they are used to solve many of the biggest scientific challenges facing researchers. Use your imagination as you enter the mirrored “infinity room” to answer the question, “What would you do if there were more of you?” Learn the basics of parallel computing by taking a virtual walk through Titan, the nation’s most powerful supercomputer. While inside Titan, you will see how parallel computing is like building a house—to get a job done efficiently, workers must carry out different tasks at the same time. Today’s supercomputers provide solutions to the world’s biggest challenges! Photo credit/Genevieve Martin/ORNL
PI: Thomas Jordan, Southern California Earthquake Center
The U.S. Geological Survey seismic hazard map shows the maximum level of shaking expected to occur once in about 500 years, with warmer red regions expected to experience the strongest shaking. SCEC'S earthquake system science research program uses high-performance computing to improve probabilistic seismic hazard maps like these.
Credit: U.S. Geological Survey Seismic Hazard Map (2008) showing Peak Ground Accelerations (PGA) with Probability of Exceedance of 2% in 50 years.
THREE VISUALIZATIONS OF NUCLEAR COMBUSTION IN A SUPERNOVA, DEVELOPED ON ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY'S IBM BLUE GENE/ P SUPERCOMPUTER, ALLOW US TO PEER INTO THE HEART OF EXPLODING STARS.
The leftmost frame depicts the frame surface itself, while the other frame represents the combustion's velocity and enstrophy, two fluid dynamics that dictate how the combustion flows through the entire system. Supernovae play a key note in our theories of expansion of their universe and the nature of dark energy.
For more information or additional images, please contact 202-586-5251.
With an innovative design that helped minimize signal delay in the over 60 miles of wire, Cray-1 was the fastest computer of its time.
Computer History Museum, Mountain View, CA
Novermber 2013
Question and answer portion of the presentation, 'Visualization with v13. Now on the CPU' during the Intel Xeon Phi User's Group (IXPUG) annual meeting at Argonne.
The U.S. Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory unveiled Summit as the world’s most powerful and smartest scientific supercomputer on June 8, 2018.
With a peak performance of 200,000 trillion calculations per second—or 200 petaflops, Summit will be eight times more powerful than ORNL’s previous top-ranked system, Titan. For certain scientific applications, Summit will also be capable of more than three billion billion mixed precision calculations per second, or 3.3 exaops. Summit will provide unprecedented computing power for research in energy, advanced materials and artificial intelligence (AI), among other domains, enabling scientific discoveries that were previously impractical or impossible. Credit: Genevieve Martin/ORNL
Edited Chandra Space Telescope visualization of the center of the Milky Way Galaxy. Inverted grayscale variant.
Original caption: Want to take a trip to the center of the Milky Way? Check out a new immersive, ultra-high-definition visualization. This 360-movie offers an unparalleled opportunity to look around the center of the galaxy, from the vantage point of the central supermassive black hole, in any direction the user chooses.
By combining NASA Ames supercomputer simulations with data from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, this visualization provides a new perspective of what is happening in and around the center of the Milky Way. It shows the effects of dozens of massive stellar giants with fierce winds blowing off their surfaces in the region a few light years away from the supermassive black hole known as Sagittarius A* (Sgr A* for short).
These winds provide a buffet of material for the supermassive black hole to potentially feed upon. As in a previous visualization, the viewer can observe dense clumps of material streaming toward Sgr A*. These clumps formed when winds from the massive stars near Sgr A* collide. Along with watching the motion of these clumps, viewers can watch as relatively low-density gas falls toward Sgr A*. In this new visualization, the blue and cyan colors represent X-ray emission from hot gas, with temperatures of tens of millions of degrees; red shows moderately dense regions of cooler gas, with temperatures of tens of thousands of degrees; and yellow shows of the cooler gas with the highest densities.
A collection of X-ray-emitting gas is seen to move slowly when it is far away from Sgr A*, and then pick up speed and whip around the viewer as it comes inwards. Sometimes clumps of gas will collide with gas ejected by other stars, resulting in a flash of X-rays when the gas is heated up, and then it quickly cools down. Farther away from the viewer, the movie also shows collisions of fast stellar winds producing X-rays. These collisions are thought to provide the dominant source of hot gas that is seen by Chandra.
When an outburst occurs from gas very near the black hole, the ejected gas collides with material flowing away from the massive stars in winds, pushing this material backwards and causing it to glow in X-rays. When the outburst dies down the winds return to normal and the X-rays fade.
The 360-degree video of the Galactic Center is ideally viewed through virtual reality (VR) goggles, such as Samsung Gear VR or Google Cardboard. The video can also be viewed on smartphones using the YouTube app. Moving the phone around reveals a different portion of the movie, mimicking the effect in the VR goggles. Finally, most browsers on a computer also allow 360-degree videos to be shown on YouTube. To look around, either click and drag the video, or click the direction pad in the corner.
Dr. Christopher Russell of the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (Pontifical Catholic University) presented the new visualization at the 17th meeting of the High-Energy Astrophysics (HEAD) of the American Astronomical Society held in Monterey, Calif. NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, manages the Chandra program for NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington. The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory in Cambridge, Massachusetts, controls Chandra's science and flight operations.
What may appear to be a jumble of wires is actually the CDC 7600, one of the fastest supercomputers in the world between 1969 and 1975. With its first installation at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the CDC 7600 continued to lead in computing and custom-software development for nuclear design and plasma simulations. It had 5,000 times the computing power of the UNIVAC, and connected researchers at remote workstations to the CDC 6600s and 7600s, creating one of the first -- and the largest -- such networking systems.
Photo courtesy of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
(from left) Congressman Randy Hultgren and Argonne Director Peter Littlewood chat with Susan Coghlan,, Argonne Leadership Computing Facility's Deputy Division Director.
31102D, Aurora Press Conference with ANL, Intel, and Cray
Photographer: Mark Lopez
Productivity of NCAR's Climate Simulation Laboratory (CSL) was dramatically enhanced in December 1996 with the addition of a CRAY C90 named antero. The C90 offered more than a factor of four increase in computing power over its predecessor (a CRAY Y-MP/8I).As the linchpin of the Climate System Laboratory (CSL), antero was dedicated to extensive climate simulations, providing 10,400 CPU hours per month for CSL users. The NCAR Climate Systems Model (CSM) averaged approximately 5.2 gigaflops on the C90 and could simulate five years per day of wall-clock time; less than one month was required to simulate a century.
(Preferred profile pic)
Rahul Sarpeshkar joined Thayer as a tenured full professor. He is also a professor in Dartmouth’s physics department and in Geisel School of Medicine’s microbiology and immunology department and physiology and neurobiology department.
His research interests include analog synthetic and systems biology; biological and bio-inspired supercomputers; medical devices; and low-power and energy-efficient systems.
This photo appeared in Q&A in the Winter 2016 issue of Dartmouth Engineer magazine.
Photo by Karen Endicott.
Arsenal (Vienna)
The Vienna Arsenal, object 1
(Pictures you can see by clicking on the link at the end of page!)
The Arsenal in Vienna is a former military complex in the southeast of the city, located in the 3rd district of Vienna. The mighty, consisting of several brick buildings facility is located on a rectangular plan on a hill south of the Country Road Belt (Landstraßer Gürtel).
Meaning
The Arsenal is the most important secular assembly of Romantic Historicism in Vienna and was conducted in Italian-Medieval and Byzantine-Moorish forms. Essentially the complex is preserved in its original forms; only the former workshop buildings within the bounding, from the the outside visible wings were replaced by new constructions.
History to 1945
Bird's eye view of the complex, arsenal, lithography Alexander Kaiser, 1855
Vienna Arsenal (Museum of Military History)
Arsenal, with HGM (Heeresgeschichtliches Museum) from the East
The complex, with a total of 31 "objects" (buildings) was built from 1849 to 1856 on the occasion of the March Revolution of 1848 and was the first building of the fortress triangle, replacing the old Vienna's city walls, with the Rossauer Barracks and the now-defunct Franz Joseph barracks at Stubenring. These buildings should not serve to deter foreign enemies from the city, but to secure state power in the event of revolutionary upheavals in Vienna. The decision to build the Arsenal, it came from the 19-year-old Emperor Franz Joseph I who on 2 December 1848 had come to the throne.
The design for the Imperial Artillery Arsenal came from General Artillery Director Vincenz Freiherr von Augustin, to which, subsequently, the site management had been transferred. Under his leadership, the buildings under assignment of sectors have been planned of the architects Carl Roesner, Antonius Pius de Riegel, August Sicard von Sicardsburg, Eduard van der Nüll, Theophil von Hansen and Ludwig Förster and built by the company of the architect Leopold Mayr.
From 1853 to 1856, Arsenal church was built by the architect Carl Roesner. The K.K. Court Weapon Museum, later K.K. Army Museum, now Museum of Military History, housed in a separate representative free-standing wing, was completed structurally in 1856, but was only in 1869 for the first time accessible.
For the construction of the Arsenal 177 million bricks were used. Construction costs totaled $ 8.5 million guilders. In the following years, there have been extensions. During the two world wars, the complex served as a weapons factory and arsenal, especially as barracks.
The record number of employees in Arsenal was reached in the First World War, with around 20,000 staffers. After 1918, the military-industrial operation with own steel mill was transformed into a public service institution with the name "Austrian Factories Arsenal". However, there were almost insoluble conversion problems in the transition to peacetime production, the product range was too great and the mismanagement considerable. The number of employees declined steadily, and the company became one of the great economic scandals of the First Republic.
By the fall of 1938, the area belonged to the 10th District Favoriten. However, as was established during the "Third Reich" the Reich District of Greater Vienna, became the arsenal complex and the south-east of it lying areas in the wake of district boundary changes parts of the 3rd District.
During the Second World War, in the Arsenal tank repair workshops of the Waffen-SS were set up. In the last two years of the war several buildings were severely damaged by bombing. During the Battle of Vienna, in the days of 7 to 9 April 1945, was the arsenal, defended by the 3rd SS Panzer Division "Totenkopf", focus of the fighting, the Red Army before its victory facing heavy losses.
History since 1945
Ruins of the object 15 after the air raids 1944
Deposits at the Arsenal Street
After heavy bomb damages during the Second World War, the buildings of the Arsenal were largely restored to their original forms.
In the southern part and in the former courtyard of the arsenal several new buildings were added, among them 1959-1963 the decoration workshops of the Federal Theatre designed by the architects Erich Boltenstern and Robert Weinlich. From 1961 to 1963, the telecommunications central office was built by the architect Fritz Pfeffer. From 1973 to 1975 were built operation and office building of the Post and Telephone Head Office for Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland (now Technology Centre Arsenal of Telekom Austria) with the 150-meter high radio tower in Vienna Arsenal according to the plans of architect Kurt Eckel. In the 1990s, a rehearsal stage of the Castle Theater (Burgtheater) was built according to plans by Gustav Peichl.
Also the Austrian Research and Testing Centre Arsenal, now Arsenal Research, which has made itself wordwide a celebrity by one of the largest air chambers (now moved to Floridsdorf - 21st District), was housed in the complex. A smaller part of the complex is still used by the Austrian army as a barracks. Furthermore, the Central Institute for Disinfection of the City of Vienna and the Central Chemical Laboratory of the Federal Monuments Office are housed in the arsenal. The Military History Museum uses multiple objects as depots.
In one part of the area residential buildings were erected. The Arsenal is forming an own, two census tracts encompassing census district, which according to the census in 2001 had 2.058 inhabitants.
End of 2003, the arsenal in connection with other properties of the Federal Property Society (BIG - Bundesimmobiliengesellschaft) was sold to a private investor group. Since early 2006, the lawyer of Baden (Lower Austria, not far away from Vienna) Rudolf Fries and industrialist Walter Scherb are majority owners of the 72,000 m2 historic site that they want to refurbish and according to possibility rent new. Fries also plans to enlarge the existing living space by more than a half (about 40,000 m2).
An architectural design competition, whose jury on 28 and 29 in June 2007 met, provided proposals amounting to substantial structural changes in the complex. Such designed competition winner Hohensinn a futuristic clouds clip modeled after El Lissitzky's cloud bracket, a multi-level horizontal structure on slender stilts over the old stock on the outskirts of the Swiss Garden. The realization of these plans is considered unlikely.
Some objects are since 2013 adapted for use by the Technical University of Vienna: Object 227, the so-called "Panzerhalle" will house laboratories of the Institute for Powertrains and Automotive Technology. In object 221, the "Siemens hall", laboratories of the Institute for Energy Technology and Thermodynamics as well as of the Institute for Manufacturing Technology and High Power Laser Technology are built. In object 214 is besides the Technical Testing and Research Institute (TVFA) also the second expansion stage of the "Vienna Scientific Cluster" housed, of a supercomputer, which was built jointly by the Vienna University of Technology, the University of Vienna and the University of Agricultural Sciences.
Accessibility
The arsenal was historically especially over the Landstraßer Gürtel developed. Today passes southeast in the immediate proximity the Südosttangente called motorway A23 with it connection Gürtel/Landstraßer Hauptstrasse. Southwest of the site runs the Eastern Railway, the new Vienna Central Station closes to the west of the arsenal. Two new bridges over the Eastern Railway, the Arsenal Stay Bridge and the Southern Railway bridge and an underpass as part of Ghegastraße and Alfred- Adler-Straße establish a connection to the on the other side of the railway facilities located Sonnwendviertel in the 10th District, which is being built on the former site of the freight train station Vienna South Station.
On the center side is between Arsenal and Landstraßer Gürtel the former Maria Josefa Park located, now known as Swiss Garden. Here stands at the Arsenal street the 21er Haus, a branch of the Austrian Gallery Belvedere, on the center-side edge of the Swiss Garden has the busy suburban main railway route the stop Vienna Quartier Belvedere, next to it the Wiener Linien D (tram) and 69A (bus) run.
Mira, the new petascale IBM Blue Gene/Q system being installed at the ALCF, will usher in a new era of scientific supercomputing. An engineering marvel, the 10-petaflops machine is capable of carrying out 10 quadrillion calculations per second.
The ALCF is committed to delivering 786 million core hours on Mira in 2013. In full production mode, over 5 billion computing hours will be allotted to scientists each year.
1995: Intel Paragon, world's fastest supercomputer
Ken Kliewer and Buddy Bland check operations of the Intel Paragon. The Intel Paragon supercomputer, the world's fastest at the time, begins operations at ORNL.
The Paragon is the laboratory's first parallel computer, which is a new type of computer that puts many processors together to solve scientific problems faster. Read more...
The Indy, code-named "Guinness", is a low-end workstation introduced on 12 July 1993. Developed and manufactured by Silicon Graphics Incorporated (SGI), it was the result of their attempt to obtain a share of the low-end computer-aided design (CAD) market, which was dominated at the time by other workstation vendors; and the desktop publishing and multimedia markets, which were mostly dominated at the time by Apple Computer. It was discontinued on 30 June 1997 and support ended on 31 December 2011.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SGI_Indy
Retrocomputing (a portmanteau of retro and computing) is the use of early computer hardware and software today. Retrocomputing is usually classed as a hobby and recreation rather than a practical application of technology; enthusiasts often collect rare and valuable hardware and software for sentimental reasons. However some do make use of it.[1] Retrocomputing often gets its start when a computer user realizes that expensive fantasy systems like IBM Mainframes, DEC Superminis, SGI workstations and Cray Supercomputers have become affordable on the used computer market, usually in a relatively short time after the computers' era of use.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrocomputing
Con il termine retrocomputing si indica una attività di "archeologia informatica" che consiste nel reperire, specialmente a costi minimi, computer di vecchie generazioni, che hanno rappresentato fasi importanti dell'evoluzione tecnologica, ripararli se sono danneggiati, metterli nuovamente in funzione e preservarli.
With over 8,000 processors, this machine enabled the NCAR-University of Colorado Center for Applied Parallel Processing.
Argonne Director Peter Littlewood addresses the press.
31102D, Aurora Press Conference with ANL, Intel, and Cray
Photographer: Mark Lopez
Most stars in the Universe are not in isolation, but rather form in clusters. In the most compact clusters, a million stars as bright as a billion suns are packed within just a few light-years. This image shows the turbulent gas structures in a three-dimensional, multi-physics supercomputer simulation during the formation of such massive clusters, with the red-to-violet rainbow spectrum representing gas at high-to-low densities. Stars are the fundamental building blocks of galaxies, and of the Universe as a whole, and understanding star formation provides crucial insights to the history and future of our cosmos. The simulation and the visualization were produced locally on the Texas-sized supercomputers, Stampede and Lonestar 5, at the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC). — Benny Tsang, Astronomy Graduate Student.
2003: Understanding supernovae
ORNL researchers use the laboratory's Phoenix supercomputer to study core-collapse supernovae and explore the standing accretion shock instability (SASI) mechanism that triggers the explosion and fusion chain reaction. The SASI simulation greatly improves upon previous one-dimensional supernovae models and simulates the ""sloshing"" of stellar material in exploding stars in three dimensions. Read more...
A visitor demonstrates a model supercomputer and learns about parallel processing at Jefferson Lab's 2018 Open House.
Olivetti Philos 44
it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olivetti
Retrocomputing (a portmanteau of retro and computing) is the use of early computer hardware and software today. Retrocomputing is usually classed as a hobby and recreation rather than a practical application of technology; enthusiasts often collect rare and valuable hardware and software for sentimental reasons. However some do make use of it.[1] Retrocomputing often gets its start when a computer user realizes that expensive fantasy systems like IBM Mainframes, DEC Superminis, SGI workstations and Cray Supercomputers have become affordable on the used computer market, usually in a relatively short time after the computers' era of use.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrocomputing
Con il termine retrocomputing si indica una attività di "archeologia informatica" che consiste nel reperire, specialmente a costi minimi, computer di vecchie generazioni, che hanno rappresentato fasi importanti dell'evoluzione tecnologica, ripararli se sono danneggiati, metterli nuovamente in funzione e preservarli.
The U.S. Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory unveiled Summit as the world’s most powerful and smartest scientific supercomputer on June 8, 2018.
With a peak performance of 200,000 trillion calculations per second—or 200 petaflops, Summit will be eight times more powerful than ORNL’s previous top-ranked system, Titan. For certain scientific applications, Summit will also be capable of more than three billion billion mixed precision calculations per second, or 3.3 exaops. Summit will provide unprecedented computing power for research in energy, advanced materials and artificial intelligence (AI), among other domains, enabling scientific discoveries that were previously impractical or impossible. Credit: Genevieve Martin/ORNL
The National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) is the flagship scientific computing facility for the Office of Science in the U.S. Department of Energy and a world leader in accelerating scientific discovery through computation.
Cray XT4 supercomputer cluster (Franklin) has 9,660 compute nodes. Each node has quad-core AMD processors running at 2.3 GHz. Franklin has 38,640 processor cores available for scientific applications, with 8 GB of memory per node and a total 350 TB of usable disk space.
credit: Lawrence Berkeley Nat'l Lab - Roy Kaltschmidt, photographer
XBD200903-00051-06.TIF
Arsenal (Vienna)
The Vienna Arsenal, object 1
(Pictures you can see by clicking on the link at the end of page!)
The Arsenal in Vienna is a former military complex in the southeast of the city, located
in the 3rd district of Vienna. The mighty, consisting of several brick buildings facility is located on a rectangular plan on a hill south of the Country Road Belt (Landstraßer Gürtel).
Meaning
The Arsenal is the most important secular assembly of Romantic Historicism in Vienna and was conducted in Italian-Medieval and Byzantine-Moorish forms. Essentially the complex is preserved in its original forms; only the former workshop buildings within the bounding, from the the outside visible wings were replaced by new constructions.
History to 1945
Bird's eye view of the complex, arsenal, lithography Alexander Kaiser, 1855
Vienna Arsenal (Museum of Military History)
Arsenal, with HGM (Heeresgeschichtliches Museum) from the East
The complex, with a total of 31 "objects" (buildings) was built from 1849 to 1856 on the occasion of the March Revolution of 1848 and was the first building of the fortress triangle, replacing the old Vienna's city walls, with the Rossauer Barracks and the now-defunct Franz Joseph barracks at Stubenring. These buildings should not serve to deter foreign enemies from the city, but to secure state power in the event of revolutionary upheavals in Vienna. The decision to build the Arsenal, it came from the 19-year-old Emperor Franz Joseph I who on 2 December 1848 had come to the throne.
The design for the Imperial Artillery Arsenal came from General Artillery Director Vincenz Freiherr von Augustin, to which, subsequently, the site management had been transferred. Under his leadership, the buildings under assignment of sectors have been planned of the architects Carl Roesner, Antonius Pius de Riegel, August Sicard von Sicardsburg, Eduard van der Nüll, Theophil von Hansen and Ludwig Förster and built by the company of the architect Leopold Mayr.
From 1853 to 1856, Arsenal church was built by the architect Carl Roesner. The K.K. Court Weapon Museum, later K.K. Army Museum, now Museum of Military History, housed in a separate representative free-standing wing, was completed structurally in 1856, but was only in 1869 for the first time accessible.
For the construction of the Arsenal 177 million bricks were used. Construction costs totaled $ 8.5 million guilders. In the following years, there have been extensions. During the two world wars, the complex served as a weapons factory and arsenal, especially as barracks.
The record number of employees in Arsenal was reached in the First World War, with around 20,000 staffers. After 1918, the military-industrial operation with own steel mill was transformed into a public service institution with the name "Austrian Factories Arsenal". However, there were almost insoluble conversion problems in the transition to peacetime production, the product range was too great and the mismanagement considerable. The number of employees declined steadily, and the company became one of the great economic scandals of the First Republic.
By the fall of 1938, the area belonged to the 10th District Favoriten. However, as was established during the "Third Reich" the Reich District of Greater Vienna, became the arsenal complex and the south-east of it lying areas in the wake of district boundary changes parts of the 3rd District.
During the Second World War, in the Arsenal tank repair workshops of the Waffen-SS were set up. In the last two years of the war several buildings were severely damaged by bombing. During the Battle of Vienna, in the days of 7 to 9 April 1945, was the arsenal, defended by the 3rd SS Panzer Division "Totenkopf", focus of the fighting, the Red Army before its victory facing heavy losses.
History since 1945
Ruins of the object 15 after the air raids 1944
Deposits at the Arsenal Street
After heavy bomb damages during the Second World War, the buildings of the Arsenal were largely restored to their original forms.
In the southern part and in the former courtyard of the arsenal several new buildings were added, among them 1959-1963 the decoration workshops of the Federal Theatre designed by the architects Erich Boltenstern and Robert Weinlich. From 1961 to 1963, the telecommunications central office was built by the architect Fritz Pfeffer. From 1973 to 1975 were built operation and office building of the Post and Telephone Head Office for Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland (now Technology Centre Arsenal of Telekom Austria) with the 150-meter high radio tower in Vienna Arsenal according to the plans of architect Kurt Eckel. In the 1990s, a rehearsal stage of the Castle Theater (Burgtheater) was built according to plans by Gustav Peichl.
Also the Austrian Research and Testing Centre Arsenal, now Arsenal Research, which has made itself wordwide a celebrity by one of the largest air chambers (now moved to Floridsdorf - 21st District), was housed in the complex. A smaller part of the complex is still used by the Austrian army as a barracks. Furthermore, the Central Institute for Disinfection of the City of Vienna and the Central Chemical Laboratory of the Federal Monuments Office are housed in the arsenal. The Military History Museum uses multiple objects as depots.
In one part of the area residential buildings were erected. The Arsenal is forming an own, two census tracts encompassing census district, which according to the census in 2001 had 2.058 inhabitants.
End of 2003, the arsenal in connection with other properties of the Federal Property Society (BIG - Bundesimmobiliengesellschaft) was sold to a private investor group. Since early 2006, the lawyer of Baden (Lower Austria, not far away from Vienna) Rudolf Fries and industrialist Walter Scherb are majority owners of the 72,000 m2 historic site that they want to refurbish and according to possibility rent new. Fries also plans to enlarge the existing living space by more than a half (about 40,000 m2).
An architectural design competition, whose jury on 28 and 29 in June 2007 met, provided proposals amounting to substantial structural changes in the complex. Such designed competition winner Hohensinn a futuristic clouds clip modeled after El Lissitzky's cloud bracket, a multi-level horizontal structure on slender stilts over the old stock on the outskirts of the Swiss Garden. The realization of these plans is considered unlikely.
Some objects are since 2013 adapted for use by the Technical University of Vienna: Object 227, the so-called "Panzerhalle" will house laboratories of the Institute for Powertrains and Automotive Technology. In object 221, the "Siemens hall", laboratories of the Institute for Energy Technology and Thermodynamics as well as of the Institute for Manufacturing Technology and High Power Laser Technology are built. In object 214 is besides the Technical Testing and Research Institute (TVFA) also the second expansion stage of the "Vienna Scientific Cluster" housed, of a supercomputer, which was built jointly by the Vienna University of Technology, the University of Vienna and the University of Agricultural Sciences.
Accessibility
The arsenal was historically especially over the Landstraßer Gürtel developed. Today passes southeast in the immediate proximity the Südosttangente called motorway A23 with it connection Gürtel/Landstraßer Hauptstrasse. Southwest of the site runs the Eastern Railway, the new Vienna Central Station closes to the west of the arsenal. Two new bridges over the Eastern Railway, the Arsenal Stay Bridge and the Southern Railway bridge and an underpass as part of Ghegastraße and Alfred- Adler-Straße establish a connection to the on the other side of the railway facilities located Sonnwendviertel in the 10th District, which is being built on the former site of the freight train station Vienna South Station.
On the center side is between Arsenal and Landstraßer Gürtel the former Maria Josefa Park located, now known as Swiss Garden. Here stands at the Arsenal street the 21er Haus, a branch of the Austrian Gallery Belvedere, on the center-side edge of the Swiss Garden has the busy suburban main railway route the stop Vienna Quartier Belvedere, next to it the Wiener Linien D (tram) and 69A (bus) run.
Dave Patterson, V.P. of Intel's Data Center Group, speaks with Brian Quirke, Director of Communications at the U.S. Department of Energy.
31102D, Aurora Press Conference with ANL, Intel, and Cray
Photographer: Mark Lopez
The U.S. Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory unveiled Summit as the world’s most powerful and smartest scientific supercomputer on June 8, 2018.
With a peak performance of 200,000 trillion calculations per second—or 200 petaflops, Summit will be eight times more powerful than ORNL’s previous top-ranked system, Titan. For certain scientific applications, Summit will also be capable of more than three billion billion mixed precision calculations per second, or 3.3 exaops. Summit will provide unprecedented computing power for research in energy, advanced materials and artificial intelligence (AI), among other domains, enabling scientific discoveries that were previously impractical or impossible. Credit: Genevieve Martin/ORNL