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The MessagePad was the first series of personal digital assistant devices developed by Apple Computer (now Apple Inc.) for the Newton platform in 1993. Some electronic engineering and the manufacture of Apple's MessagePad devices was done in Japan by the Sharp Corporation. The devices were based on the ARM 610 RISC processor and all featured handwriting recognition software and were developed and marketed by Apple. The devices ran the Newton OS.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MessagePad
Retrocomputing (a portmanteau of retro and computing) is the use of early computer hardware and software today. Retrocomputing is usually classed as a hobby and recreation rather than a practical application of technology; enthusiasts often collect rare and valuable hardware and software for sentimental reasons. However some do make use of it.[1] Retrocomputing often gets its start when a computer user realizes that expensive fantasy systems like IBM Mainframes, DEC Superminis, SGI workstations and Cray Supercomputers have become affordable on the used computer market, usually in a relatively short time after the computers' era of use.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrocomputing
Con il termine retrocomputing si indica una attività di "archeologia informatica" che consiste nel reperire, specialmente a costi minimi, computer di vecchie generazioni, che hanno rappresentato fasi importanti dell'evoluzione tecnologica, ripararli se sono danneggiati, metterli nuovamente in funzione e preservarli.
The MessagePad was the first series of personal digital assistant devices developed by Apple Computer (now Apple Inc.) for the Newton platform in 1993. Some electronic engineering and the manufacture of Apple's MessagePad devices was done in Japan by the Sharp Corporation. The devices were based on the ARM 610 RISC processor and all featured handwriting recognition software and were developed and marketed by Apple. The devices ran the Newton OS.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MessagePad
Retrocomputing (a portmanteau of retro and computing) is the use of early computer hardware and software today. Retrocomputing is usually classed as a hobby and recreation rather than a practical application of technology; enthusiasts often collect rare and valuable hardware and software for sentimental reasons. However some do make use of it.[1] Retrocomputing often gets its start when a computer user realizes that expensive fantasy systems like IBM Mainframes, DEC Superminis, SGI workstations and Cray Supercomputers have become affordable on the used computer market, usually in a relatively short time after the computers' era of use.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrocomputing
Con il termine retrocomputing si indica una attività di "archeologia informatica" che consiste nel reperire, specialmente a costi minimi, computer di vecchie generazioni, che hanno rappresentato fasi importanti dell'evoluzione tecnologica, ripararli se sono danneggiati, metterli nuovamente in funzione e preservarli.
A unique, energy-saving feature PNNL’s Olympus supercomputer is its rear-door rack cooling system, which uses water to absorb the heat generated by the computer. Here, one of the rear-door cooling elements is pulled away from a rack for display.
Olympus, the new theoretical 162-Teraflop peak supercomputer PNNL, is helping scientists do more complex, advanced research in areas such as climate science and smart grid development.
Terms of Use: Our images are freely and publicly available for use with the credit line, "Courtesy of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory." Please use provided caption information for use in appropriate context.
Using supercomputers and data mining, a team led by engineers at UC San Diego has discovered and developed a new phosphor to make LEDs with excellent color quality. Under UV light, the phosphor emits either green-yellow or blue light depending on the chemical activator that is mixed in.
Researchers published the new phosphor on Feb. 19 in the journal Joule.
Press release: jacobsschool.ucsd.edu/news/news_releases/release.sfe?id=2476
Photos by David Baillot/UC San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering
LEGO 71012 The Disney Series Minifigures
This set was released in 2016.
Stitch
Stitch, an alien, is the only creature of his kind in existence. He is the result of an illegal genetic experiment by the mad scientist, Jumba, who simply refers to him as “Experiment 626.” Although Stitch appears to be harmless-small, furry and six-legged, his very existence is an abomination to all that’s decent in the galaxy. Jumba engineered Stitch as the ultimate fighting machine. He is abnormally strong, virtually indestructible, smarter than a supercomputer…and very mischievous. He feels compelled to destroy everything in his path and cannot resist his programming…that is, until he finds the one thing that he has never known before: what it feels like to be a part of a family.
[text from LEGO.com]
Type Ia supernovas, among the brightest exploding stars in the universe, are “cosmic yardsticks” whose application led to the discovery of dark energy. Astrophysicists are creating leadership computing simulations to better understand these explosions, and by doing so, help observers use them to determine the properties of dark energy.
Shown is a 3D, whole-star simulation of the GCD model of a Type Ia supernova at the moment at which a detonation wave begins to sweep through the white dwarf star, incinerating it.
PI: Don Lamb, University of Chicago
Credit: Flash Center for Computational Science, University of Chicago
Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE):
Again from the CI
Days events at the University of Michigan, here is another
incredible tool available to researchers on our campus as well as more
broadly.
In their words:
"Scientists, engineers, social scientists, and humanities experts
around the world—many of them at colleges and universities—use
advanced digital resources and services every day. Things like
supercomputers, collections of data, and new tools are critical to the
success of those researchers, who use them to make us all healthier,
safer, and better off. XSEDE integrates these resources and services,
makes them easier to use, and helps more people use them. XSEDE
supports 16 supercomputers and high-end visualization and data
analysis resources across the country."
Did they say "supercomputers"? "High-end visualization"? Yes, they
did. You know my love of dataviz, I was very happy to discover this,
not that I expect to be taking advantage of it myself. But if you are
a researcher working, as so many do these days, with large amounts of
data, or intense data analysis tasks that take hours/days/weeks to run
on your local systems, this is definitely a place where it is worth
your while to go make friends. Here at UM that part is relatively
easy, as Brock Palen is an
enthusiastic, helpful go-between who works with FLUX and related
systems, helping researchers find the best match for their needs,
helping them get the allocation of resources they need, and more. He
is our local expert, and other universities also have folk who can
function in a similar role. Indeed, they have a long list of Campus
Champions, so look for the one nearest you.
Even if you are necessarily in a place to take advantage of their
services for data analysis or processing, there are rich outreach and
education activities and resources designed to support building a
workforce and skillbase "capable of designing, developing, utilizing,
and supporting digital resources and services to advance
[computational science and engineering] in all fields of scholarship".
That covers a lot of territory. In my limited understanding of it, we
(as in all scientists and most academics, including humanities) are
moving into a time where "big data" is integral to analysis and the
creation of new scholarship. We need academics and scholars with the
skills to work with data and big data in ways that help us look at
information and create knowledge that is new, creative, exciting,
innovative, and inspiring. From what I saw, this is an exciting tool
for supporting that. It makes me wish I was back in grad school again.
Just looking at the high-performance computing research they highlight
on their homepage today was inspiring, with a range from citizen
science to education to humanities to medicine. All of it, every
single one of them is a great big WOW. Now, imagine what questions you
would like to ask and answer if you had the resources; imagine what
skills you might want your students to learn or attempt.
Sensing Our Planet:
earthdata.nasa.gov/featured-stories/sensing-our-planet
The Feather Followers:
earthdata.nasa.gov/featured-stories/featured-research/fea...
Blood Flow at the Petascale:
www.physorg.com/news/2011-01-blood-flow-petascale.html
Students research solar cells with HPC:
www.isgtw.org/feature/students-research-solar-cells-hpc
Petascale Humanities: Supercomputing Global News Media:
I was lucky enough to find the Computer History Museum while in California this week, and I got to see a ton of super computers created by Cray, which I believe was based in my home state of WI. Pretty fascinating stuff! The lighting turned out super cool.
"
Big iron, as the hacker's dictionary the Jargon File defines it, "refers to large, expensive, ultra-fast computers. It is used generally for number crunching supercomputers such as Crays, but can include more conventional big commercial IBMish mainframes".
The term bears a slightly ironic, but respectful connotation.
The term is used, e.g., in reference to IBM mainframes, often when discussing their comeback/survival after the assault of "Unix boxes". More recently the term is also applied to powerful computer servers and computer ranches, whose steel racks naturally invoke the same association.
The expression may be compared with the slang expression for heavy handguns, derived from the slang "iron" for a handgun ("shooting iron"), as exemplified by the classical country music ballad Big Iron by Marty Robbins about "the ranger with the big iron on his hip".
"
Lynn Kissel and Kim Cupps "wiring" BlueGene/L — second on the TOP500 list of supercomputers with a sustained world-record speed of 478.2 teraFLOPS—is a revolutionary, low-cost machine delivering extraordinary computing power for the nation's Stockpile Stewardship Program. Located in the Terascale Simulation Facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, BlueGene/L is used by scientists at Livermore, Los Alamos, and Sandia National Laboratories. The 596-teraFLOPS machine handles many challenging scientific simulations, including ab initio molecular dynamics; three-dimensional (3D) dislocation dynamics; and turbulence, shock, and instability phenomena in hydrodynamics. It is also a computational science research machine for evaluating advanced computer architectures.
The Cambridge Computer Z88 is an A4-size, lightweight, portable Z80-based computer with a built-in combined word processing/spreadsheet/database application called PipeDream, along with several other applications and utilities, such as a Z80-version of the BBC BASIC programming language.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_Z88
Retrocomputing (a portmanteau of retro and computing) is the use of early computer hardware and software today. Retrocomputing is usually classed as a hobby and recreation rather than a practical application of technology; enthusiasts often collect rare and valuable hardware and software for sentimental reasons. However some do make use of it.[1] Retrocomputing often gets its start when a computer user realizes that expensive fantasy systems like IBM Mainframes, DEC Superminis, SGI workstations and Cray Supercomputers have become affordable on the used computer market, usually in a relatively short time after the computers' era of use.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrocomputing
Con il termine retrocomputing si indica una attività di "archeologia informatica" che consiste nel reperire, specialmente a costi minimi, computer di vecchie generazioni, che hanno rappresentato fasi importanti dell'evoluzione tecnologica, ripararli se sono danneggiati, metterli nuovamente in funzione e preservarli.
Darius Bunandar is a Dean’s Honored Graduate in the Department of Physics. He is graduating with an honors degree in physics, along with a degree in mechanical engineering. Darius is being recognized for his superior academic performance and his research, which has culminated in three journal publications.
Darius’s research was undertaken with Professor Richard Matzner in the Department of Physics in the field of general relativity. Specifically, Darius performed numerical simulations to solve multidimensional non-linear partial differential equations, which are difficult to solve even using supercomputers, let alone pencil and paper. One such equation is the eikonal equation, which describes the propagation of a collection of light rays in the presence of strong gravitational attractions. By studying how light rays move, one can build a GPS system that is fully-relativistic or find the event horizon of a black hole – the boundary around a black hole from which nothing, not even light, can escape. Darius’s work under Professor Matzner led to one paper already published in the prestigious journal Physical Review D, with another two in preparation.
Darius pursued a rigorous course of study with an honors degree in physics while a student in the Dean’s Scholars Honors Program. At the same time he completed a degree in mechanical engineering in the Cockrell School of Engineering. He also completed his physics degree early and excelled in graduate level physics courses. All the while he maintained a near-perfect 3.99 GPA.
Not surprisingly, Darius has been recognized with a series of awards while at UT, including a University Co-Op Award for Academic Excellence, the Eva Stevenson Woods and Jim Vick Endowed Presidential Scholarships, and a competitive summer research fellowship at Caltech. After graduation, Darius will enroll at MIT, where he will pursue a PhD in theoretical physics. He’s selected a collection of books written by UT Nobel prize-winning physicist Steven Weinberg, including Cosmology and Lectures on Quantum Mechanics.
The Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF) is home to Titan, the nation’s most powerful supercomputer for open science.
Titan is a hybrid-architecture Cray XK7 system with a theoretical peak performance exceeding 27,000 trillion calculations per second (27 petaflops). It contains both advanced 16-core AMD Opteron central processing units (CPUs) and NVIDIA Kepler graphics processing units (GPUs). GPUs are energy-efficient, high-performance chips originally developed for gaming systems. The combination of these two technologies allows Titan to achieve 10 times the speed and 5 times the energy efficiency of its predecessor, the Jaguar supercomputer, while using only modestly more energy and occupying the same physical footprint.
Titan features 18,688 compute nodes, a total system memory of 710 terabytes, and Cray’s high-performance Gemini network. Its 299,008 CPU cores guide simulations while the accompanying GPUs that can handle hundreds of calculations simultaneously. The system provides decreased time to solution, increased complexity of models, and greater realism in simulations.
Titan is enabling researchers across the scientific arena to acquire unparalleled accuracy in their simulations and achieve research breakthroughs more rapidly than ever before. OLCF simulations have improved the safety and performance of nuclear power plants, turbomachinery, and aircraft; aided understanding of climate change; sped development of new drugs and advanced materials; and guided design of the ITER international fusion reactor. Researchers have used OLCF systems to model supernovas, hurricanes, biofuels, neurodegenerative diseases, and clean combustion for power and propulsion.
Titan users have access to data analysis and visualization resources that include the Eos and Rhea systems and the Exploratory Visualization Environment for REsearch in Science and Technology, or EVEREST. Users also have access to file systems—like Spider for immediate data storage, with over 1,000 gigabytes per second of aggregate data bandwidth and more than 30 petabytes of storage capacity, and the High Performance Storage System (HPSS) for archival data storage—to manage the floods of data that Titan’s simulations generate. All of these resources are available through high-performance networks including ESnet’s upgraded 100 gigabit per second links.
Computational scientists gain access to OLCF’s cutting-edge facilities and support systems through three programs that allocate millions of processor hours. The Innovative and Novel Computational Impact on Theory and Experiment program, or INCITE, supports large-scale, high-impact projects that make concurrent use of at least 20 percent of Titan’s cores. The Advanced Scientific Computing Research Leadership Computing Challenge, or ALCC program, primarily aids research that supports the energy mission of the Department of Energy’s Office of Science and emphasizes high-risk, high-rewards endeavors. And the OLCF’s Director’s Discretionary program helps new high-performance computing users explore topics of national importance.
Research challenges remain, but Titan is helping launch a new era for science and engineering as computing approaches the exascale, or a million trillion calculations a second.
2013. Deputy Division Director Susan Coghlan works with Mira, the fifth-fastest supercomputer in the world, at the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility.
To help scientists understand how the Penicillium stoloniferum virus interacts with its hosts, and how it replicates and matures over its lifecycle, the virus structure was solved at the very high-resolution of 7.3 angstroms. Running the automated AUTO3DEM software on a San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC) supercomputer, the full 3-D virus was reconstructed, starting with 2-D cryo-electron microscopy images. The software was developed by University of California, San Diego (UCSD), structural biologists Tim Baker and Xiaodong Yan, with SDSC computational scientist Robert Sinkovits. The National Science Foundation is the primary funding source for the SDSC. [Image taken from the SDSC Multimedia Gallery.] (Date of Image: 2008)
Credit: W.F. Ochoa, R.S. Sinkovits and T.S. Baker, UCSD; W.M. Havens and S.A. Ghabrial, U. Kentucky; M.A. Nibert, Harvard. Image: W.F. Ochoa, UCSD; Source: San Diego Supercomputer Center, UC-San Diego
This is a simulation of the early life of our universe run on our supercomputer Mira, an IBM Blue Gene/Q that is ranked among the fastest in the world. The Department of Energy awards time on Mira—and other supercomputers at the national labs—to researchers who apply with science and engineering questions. This simulation ran for two weeks.
Mira has 262,144 processors that ran 24 hours a day for 14 days, so the entire simulation took 88 million computing hours.
It would take 10,000 years on a single-processor laptop.
The simulation starts at 5.6 million years after the Big Bang and goes to 7.68 billion years later. (Eventually it will simulate up to today, which is 13.7 billion years after the Big Bang).
It is 13,000,000,000 light-years across.
The full simulation contains 1.1 trillion dark matter particles.
Image by H. Finkel, S. Habib, K. Heitmann, K. Kumaran, V. Morozov, T. Peterka, A. Pope, T. Williams, M. Papka, M. Hereld, and J. Insley, Argonne National Laboratory; D. Daniel, P. Fasel, N. Frontiere, Los Alamos National Laboratory; and Z. Lukic, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Figures compiled by Argonne scientists Joe Insley, Katrin Heitmann, and Salman Habib. For more information, check out alcf.anl.gov.
This image and text appeared as a feature in the spring 2014 issue of Argonne Now, the science magazine of Argonne National Laboratory. Learn more »
photo by Scott Beale / Laughing Squid
This photo is licensed under a Creative Commons license. If you use this photo within the terms of the license or make special arrangements to use the photo, please list the photo credit as "Scott Beale / Laughing Squid" and link the credit to laughingsquid.com.
Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Argonne National Laboratory have revealed previously unobserved behaviors that show how details of the transfer of heat at the nanoscale cause nanoparticles to change shape in ensembles.
Above, from left: Zhang Jiang, Yuelin Li, Subramanian Sankaranarayanan, Stephen Gray and Xiao-Min Lin. Photo by Mark Lopez/Argonne National Laboratory.
31021D
I'm also sorry that I didn't pay more attention to this. It involved cooking oil somehow which I would have liked to see. They were accepting computer donations which immediately takes hazardous materials out of the waste stream. They were routed to different projects throughout the faire including the oil-related one which was to assemble the workable donations into a supercomputer. Does anyone know how that worked out?
The Advanced Simulation and Computing (ASC) Program's Purple system stands in testimony to the successful realization of the bold vision expressed one decade earlier—the development of the complex three-dimensional integrated weapons performance applications and their demonstration on computers capable of successfully running these extraordinary codes. This 100 teraFLOPS supercomputer is located at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. It is a genuinely huge machine based on symmetric shared-memory multiprocessors (SMP) containing more than 12,000 next-generation IBM POWER5 microprocessors.
Network and power connections at the rear of PNNL’s Olympus supercomputer take on blue and red hues in the glow of electronic lights.
Olympus, the new theoretical 162-Teraflop peak supercomputer PNNL, is helping scientists do more complex, advanced research in areas such as climate science and smart grid development.
Terms of Use: Our images are freely and publicly available for use with the credit line, "Courtesy of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory." Please use provided caption information for use in appropriate context.
Arsenal (Vienna)
The Vienna Arsenal, object 1
(Pictures you can see by clicking on the link at the end of page!)
The Arsenal in Vienna is a former military complex in the southeast of the city, located in the 3rd district of Vienna. The mighty, consisting of several brick buildings facility is located on a rectangular plan on a hill south of the Country Road Belt (Landstraßer Gürtel).
Meaning
The Arsenal is the most important secular assembly of Romantic Historicism in Vienna and was conducted in Italian-Medieval and Byzantine-Moorish forms. Essentially the complex is preserved in its original forms; only the former workshop buildings within the bounding, from the the outside visible wings were replaced by new constructions.
History to 1945
Bird's eye view of the complex, arsenal, lithography Alexander Kaiser, 1855
Vienna Arsenal (Museum of Military History)
Arsenal, with HGM (Heeresgeschichtliches Museum) from the East
The complex, with a total of 31 "objects" (buildings) was built from 1849 to 1856 on the occasion of the March Revolution of 1848 and was the first building of the fortress triangle, replacing the old Vienna's city walls, with the Rossauer Barracks and the now-defunct Franz Joseph barracks at Stubenring. These buildings should not serve to deter foreign enemies from the city, but to secure state power in the event of revolutionary upheavals in Vienna. The decision to build the Arsenal, it came from the 19-year-old Emperor Franz Joseph I who on 2 December 1848 had come to the throne.
The design for the Imperial Artillery Arsenal came from General Artillery Director Vincenz Freiherr von Augustin, to which, subsequently, the site management had been transferred. Under his leadership, the buildings under assignment of sectors have been planned of the architects Carl Roesner, Antonius Pius de Riegel, August Sicard von Sicardsburg, Eduard van der Nüll, Theophil von Hansen and Ludwig Förster and built by the company of the architect Leopold Mayr.
From 1853 to 1856, Arsenal church was built by the architect Carl Roesner. The K.K. Court Weapon Museum, later K.K. Army Museum, now Museum of Military History, housed in a separate representative free-standing wing, was completed structurally in 1856, but was only in 1869 for the first time accessible.
For the construction of the Arsenal 177 million bricks were used. Construction costs totaled $ 8.5 million guilders. In the following years, there have been extensions. During the two world wars, the complex served as a weapons factory and arsenal, especially as barracks.
The record number of employees in Arsenal was reached in the First World War, with around 20,000 staffers. After 1918, the military-industrial operation with own steel mill was transformed into a public service institution with the name "Austrian Factories Arsenal". However, there were almost insoluble conversion problems in the transition to peacetime production, the product range was too great and the mismanagement considerable. The number of employees declined steadily, and the company became one of the great economic scandals of the First Republic.
By the fall of 1938, the area belonged to the 10th District Favoriten. However, as was established during the "Third Reich" the Reich District of Greater Vienna, became the arsenal complex and the south-east of it lying areas in the wake of district boundary changes parts of the 3rd District.
During the Second World War, in the Arsenal tank repair workshops of the Waffen-SS were set up. In the last two years of the war several buildings were severely damaged by bombing. During the Battle of Vienna, in the days of 7 to 9 April 1945, was the arsenal, defended by the 3rd SS Panzer Division "Totenkopf", focus of the fighting, the Red Army before its victory facing heavy losses.
History since 1945
Ruins of the object 15 after the air raids 1944
Deposits at the Arsenal Street
After heavy bomb damages during the Second World War, the buildings of the Arsenal were largely restored to their original forms.
In the southern part and in the former courtyard of the arsenal several new buildings were added, among them 1959-1963 the decoration workshops of the Federal Theatre designed by the architects Erich Boltenstern and Robert Weinlich. From 1961 to 1963, the telecommunications central office was built by the architect Fritz Pfeffer. From 1973 to 1975 were built operation and office building of the Post and Telephone Head Office for Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland (now Technology Centre Arsenal of Telekom Austria) with the 150-meter high radio tower in Vienna Arsenal according to the plans of architect Kurt Eckel. In the 1990s, a rehearsal stage of the Castle Theater (Burgtheater) was built according to plans by Gustav Peichl.
Also the Austrian Research and Testing Centre Arsenal, now Arsenal Research, which has made itself wordwide a celebrity by one of the largest air chambers (now moved to Floridsdorf - 21st District), was housed in the complex. A smaller part of the complex is still used by the Austrian army as a barracks. Furthermore, the Central Institute for Disinfection of the City of Vienna and the Central Chemical Laboratory of the Federal Monuments Office are housed in the arsenal. The Military History Museum uses multiple objects as depots.
In one part of the area residential buildings were erected. The Arsenal is forming an own, two census tracts encompassing census district, which according to the census in 2001 had 2.058 inhabitants.
End of 2003, the arsenal in connection with other properties of the Federal Property Society (BIG - Bundesimmobiliengesellschaft) was sold to a private investor group. Since early 2006, the lawyer of Baden (Lower Austria, not far away from Vienna) Rudolf Fries and industrialist Walter Scherb are majority owners of the 72,000 m2 historic site that they want to refurbish and according to possibility rent new. Fries also plans to enlarge the existing living space by more than a half (about 40,000 m2).
An architectural design competition, whose jury on 28 and 29 in June 2007 met, provided proposals amounting to substantial structural changes in the complex. Such designed competition winner Hohensinn a futuristic clouds clip modeled after El Lissitzky's cloud bracket, a multi-level horizontal structure on slender stilts over the old stock on the outskirts of the Swiss Garden. The realization of these plans is considered unlikely.
Some objects are since 2013 adapted for use by the Technical University of Vienna: Object 227, the so-called "Panzerhalle" will house laboratories of the Institute for Powertrains and Automotive Technology. In object 221, the "Siemens hall", laboratories of the Institute for Energy Technology and Thermodynamics as well as of the Institute for Manufacturing Technology and High Power Laser Technology are built. In object 214 is besides the Technical Testing and Research Institute (TVFA) also the second expansion stage of the "Vienna Scientific Cluster" housed, of a supercomputer, which was built jointly by the Vienna University of Technology, the University of Vienna and the University of Agricultural Sciences.
Accessibility
The arsenal was historically especially over the Landstraßer Gürtel developed. Today passes southeast in the immediate proximity the Südosttangente called motorway A23 with it connection Gürtel/Landstraßer Hauptstrasse. Southwest of the site runs the Eastern Railway, the new Vienna Central Station closes to the west of the arsenal. Two new bridges over the Eastern Railway, the Arsenal Stay Bridge and the Southern Railway bridge and an underpass as part of Ghegastraße and Alfred- Adler-Straße establish a connection to the on the other side of the railway facilities located Sonnwendviertel in the 10th District, which is being built on the former site of the freight train station Vienna South Station.
On the center side is between Arsenal and Landstraßer Gürtel the former Maria Josefa Park located, now known as Swiss Garden. Here stands at the Arsenal street the 21er Haus, a branch of the Austrian Gallery Belvedere, on the center-side edge of the Swiss Garden has the busy suburban main railway route the stop Vienna Quartier Belvedere, next to it the Wiener Linien D (tram) and 69A (bus) run.
OLCF-4 Summit supercomputer infrastructure installation: Shown here is the cooling tower as it was being built behind 5700, Corner of White Oak Avenue and Southside Drive, November 9, 2016.
The Summit Dev system, an early access system with an architecture of IBM POWER8 CPUs and NVIDIA GPUs that is one generation removed from OLCF’s next big supercomputer, Summit
Released in 1976, the Cray-1A supercomputer was known not only for its power and $6M price tag, but also for its rather unique design. The supercomputer is also furniture, featuring a bench that housed the unit's power supplies.
These are 10 meter fiber optic QSFP (Quad Small Form-factor Pluggable transceiver) QDR (Quad Data Rate) IB (InfiniBand) cables stretched out on the server room floor during installation of the our cluster. We had 256 of these to install.
Arsenal (Vienna)
The Vienna Arsenal, object 1
(Pictures you can see by clicking on the link at the end of page!)
The Arsenal in Vienna is a former military complex in the southeast of the city, located in the 3rd district of Vienna. The mighty, consisting of several brick buildings facility is located on a rectangular plan on a hill south of the Country Road Belt (Landstraßer Gürtel).
Meaning
The Arsenal is the most important secular assembly of Romantic Historicism in Vienna and was conducted in Italian-Medieval and Byzantine-Moorish forms. Essentially the complex is preserved in its original forms; only the former workshop buildings within the bounding, from the the outside visible wings were replaced by new constructions.
History to 1945
Bird's eye view of the complex, arsenal, lithography Alexander Kaiser, 1855
Vienna Arsenal (Museum of Military History)
Arsenal, with HGM (Heeresgeschichtliches Museum) from the East
The complex, with a total of 31 "objects" (buildings) was built from 1849 to 1856 on the occasion of the March Revolution of 1848 and was the first building of the fortress triangle, replacing the old Vienna's city walls, with the Rossauer Barracks and the now-defunct Franz Joseph barracks at Stubenring. These buildings should not serve to deter foreign enemies from the city, but to secure state power in the event of revolutionary upheavals in Vienna. The decision to build the Arsenal, it came from the 19-year-old Emperor Franz Joseph I who on 2 December 1848 had come to the throne.
The design for the Imperial Artillery Arsenal came from General Artillery Director Vincenz Freiherr von Augustin, to which, subsequently, the site management had been transferred. Under his leadership, the buildings under assignment of sectors have been planned of the architects Carl Roesner, Antonius Pius de Riegel, August Sicard von Sicardsburg, Eduard van der Nüll, Theophil von Hansen and Ludwig Förster and built by the company of the architect Leopold Mayr.
From 1853 to 1856, Arsenal church was built by the architect Carl Roesner. The K.K. Court Weapon Museum, later K.K. Army Museum, now Museum of Military History, housed in a separate representative free-standing wing, was completed structurally in 1856, but was only in 1869 for the first time accessible.
For the construction of the Arsenal 177 million bricks were used. Construction costs totaled $ 8.5 million guilders. In the following years, there have been extensions. During the two world wars, the complex served as a weapons factory and arsenal, especially as barracks.
The record number of employees in Arsenal was reached in the First World War, with around 20,000 staffers. After 1918, the military-industrial operation with own steel mill was transformed into a public service institution with the name "Austrian Factories Arsenal". However, there were almost insoluble conversion problems in the transition to peacetime production, the product range was too great and the mismanagement considerable. The number of employees declined steadily, and the company became one of the great economic scandals of the First Republic.
By the fall of 1938, the area belonged to the 10th District Favoriten. However, as was established during the "Third Reich" the Reich District of Greater Vienna, became the arsenal complex and the south-east of it lying areas in the wake of district boundary changes parts of the 3rd District.
During the Second World War, in the Arsenal tank repair workshops of the Waffen-SS were set up. In the last two years of the war several buildings were severely damaged by bombing. During the Battle of Vienna, in the days of 7 to 9 April 1945, was the arsenal, defended by the 3rd SS Panzer Division "Totenkopf", focus of the fighting, the Red Army before its victory facing heavy losses.
History since 1945
Ruins of the object 15 after the air raids 1944
Deposits at the Arsenal Street
After heavy bomb damages during the Second World War, the buildings of the Arsenal were largely restored to their original forms.
In the southern part and in the former courtyard of the arsenal several new buildings were added, among them 1959-1963 the decoration workshops of the Federal Theatre designed by the architects Erich Boltenstern and Robert Weinlich. From 1961 to 1963, the telecommunications central office was built by the architect Fritz Pfeffer. From 1973 to 1975 were built operation and office building of the Post and Telephone Head Office for Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland (now Technology Centre Arsenal of Telekom Austria) with the 150-meter high radio tower in Vienna Arsenal according to the plans of architect Kurt Eckel. In the 1990s, a rehearsal stage of the Castle Theater (Burgtheater) was built according to plans by Gustav Peichl.
Also the Austrian Research and Testing Centre Arsenal, now Arsenal Research, which has made itself wordwide a celebrity by one of the largest air chambers (now moved to Floridsdorf - 21st District), was housed in the complex. A smaller part of the complex is still used by the Austrian army as a barracks. Furthermore, the Central Institute for Disinfection of the City of Vienna and the Central Chemical Laboratory of the Federal Monuments Office are housed in the arsenal. The Military History Museum uses multiple objects as depots.
In one part of the area residential buildings were erected. The Arsenal is forming an own, two census tracts encompassing census district, which according to the census in 2001 had 2.058 inhabitants.
End of 2003, the arsenal in connection with other properties of the Federal Property Society (BIG - Bundesimmobiliengesellschaft) was sold to a private investor group. Since early 2006, the lawyer of Baden (Lower Austria, not far away from Vienna) Rudolf Fries and industrialist Walter Scherb are majority owners of the 72,000 m2 historic site that they want to refurbish and according to possibility rent new. Fries also plans to enlarge the existing living space by more than a half (about 40,000 m2).
An architectural design competition, whose jury on 28 and 29 in June 2007 met, provided proposals amounting to substantial structural changes in the complex. Such designed competition winner Hohensinn a futuristic clouds clip modeled after El Lissitzky's cloud bracket, a multi-level horizontal structure on slender stilts over the old stock on the outskirts of the Swiss Garden. The realization of these plans is considered unlikely.
Some objects are since 2013 adapted for use by the Technical University of Vienna: Object 227, the so-called "Panzerhalle" will house laboratories of the Institute for Powertrains and Automotive Technology. In object 221, the "Siemens hall", laboratories of the Institute for Energy Technology and Thermodynamics as well as of the Institute for Manufacturing Technology and High Power Laser Technology are built. In object 214 is besides the Technical Testing and Research Institute (TVFA) also the second expansion stage of the "Vienna Scientific Cluster" housed, of a supercomputer, which was built jointly by the Vienna University of Technology, the University of Vienna and the University of Agricultural Sciences.
Accessibility
The arsenal was historically especially over the Landstraßer Gürtel developed. Today passes southeast in the immediate proximity the Südosttangente called motorway A23 with it connection Gürtel/Landstraßer Hauptstrasse. Southwest of the site runs the Eastern Railway, the new Vienna Central Station closes to the west of the arsenal. Two new bridges over the Eastern Railway, the Arsenal Stay Bridge and the Southern Railway bridge and an underpass as part of Ghegastraße and Alfred- Adler-Straße establish a connection to the on the other side of the railway facilities located Sonnwendviertel in the 10th District, which is being built on the former site of the freight train station Vienna South Station.
On the center side is between Arsenal and Landstraßer Gürtel the former Maria Josefa Park located, now known as Swiss Garden. Here stands at the Arsenal street the 21er Haus, a branch of the Austrian Gallery Belvedere, on the center-side edge of the Swiss Garden has the busy suburban main railway route the stop Vienna Quartier Belvedere, next to it the Wiener Linien D (tram) and 69A (bus) run.
The front of my Altix 4700, with 1/2 of the nodes running for power usage reasons, and a mess of power cables to avoid using the built-in PDU. It's running Debian GNU/Linux, and the whole system has 128 CPU cores and 512GB of RAM. With 1/2 on (64 cores / 256GB ram), it draws about 17.7A at 240V when idle.
OLCF-4 Summit supercomputer infrastructure installation: Shown here is the cooling tower that was built behind 5700, Corner of White Oak Avenue and Southside Drive, June 2017.
22 febbraio 2018, presso il Green Data Center di Eni a Ferrera Erbognone. Un grande evento dedicato alla digitalizzazione.
Scopri di più su www.eni.com/it_IT/media/eventi/image-energy.page
22nd February 2018, at the Green Data Center in Ferrera Erbognone. A major event dedicated to digitalisation.
Find out more www.eni.com/en_IT/media/focus-on/image-energy.page
14/02/2022. Edinburgh , United Kingdom. Prime Minister Boris Johnson visits The University of Edinburgh to see the UK’s National Supercomputer, met by Professor Mark Parsons, EPCC Director. Picture by Andrew Parsons / No 10 Downing Street
Before Broly... Cooler was popular enough to get a second movie! And much like Broly's third movie (bio-Broly), Cooler's return appearance was... different.
Cooler was incinerated in the sun, but one eye and part of his brain remained un-crispified. This would not have meant anything, except that he got picked up by the Big Gete Star!
The Big Gete Star was originally a sentient computer chip with self-integration abilities. it drifted in space, and began to gather and ocllect space junk, technology, and anything else it could use, soon becoming a massive death star-sized supercomputer. It snagged Cooler's remains and reactivated his consciousness, and he soon took over its AI. So in essence, Cooler WAS the Big Gete Star.
Meta-Cooler is a special body that Cooler/Big Gete Star made for himself. The real Cooler's remains are deep within the star's core, his head reconstructed with electronics. he also has the ability to make a gigantic conglomerated body from all the tech, which appears in the end of the movie (and has never gotten a toy! And only one video game appearance!!!), but that's not Meta-Cooler. Meta-Cooler isn't a drone, as he is remotely controlling it. It has all the abilities Cooler did (though no shapeshifting, oddly enough), but with one addition - regeneration and self-repair. As Goku damages the robot, the Big Gete Star collects this data and immediately repairs it to eliminate the wekaness. Goku blew off an arm? The arm gets fixed (nanites!), and is now stronger. It took bothS uper Saiyan Goku and Veget aattacking in tandem to damage Meta-Cooler too quickly for his systems to repair himself, and blow him to smithereens.
And then the Big Gete Star inferred that the main flaw in Meta-Cooler's design is that there was only one of him. So several thousand instantly rolled off the assembly line and dogpiled Goku and Vegeta, subduing them pretty much instantly.
Inside Gete's core, Cooler hooked the two Saiyans up to the Gete STar's power generator, and drained their energy to fuel the giant machine's engines. And that was a stupid move. Even though the two had been overpowered, they still had a lot of energy, and simply overloaded the Big Gete Star to the point where it started blowing up. Cooler built a gigantic body from his physical remains and the Big Gete Star's materials (remember that/), but Goku managed to blow it up. When it went down, Cooler's physical remains were vaporized for real, and the Big Gete Star overloaded and blew up, this was finally the end of Cooler. Also, Vegeta found the Gete Star's original chip and smashed it just for good measure.
FUN FACT: This movie was actually really cool. All of the robots and varied machinery allowed for a slightly different style, both in animation and atmosphere (The Big Gete Star really channels Unicron), and it feels "different" from the other DBZ movies while still very much being Dragon Ball. It's too bad that a lot of the stuff in this movie (Cooler's real cyborg body, the cyclopean guards, that one robot that gleefully sang about chopping people up) never got any merchandise. Also, the theme of "Goku overloads the energy absorber" got reused in the series itself, while fighting one of Babidi's henchmen.
Also, sources (video games, guidebooks, toys) really cannot agree if Meta-Cooler is greenish-silver, or just silver (and the grene would be reflection from New Namek's grene sky). He's probably supposed to be silver, as you see the metal reflecting differently-colored light once or twice.
The U.S. Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory unveiled Summit as the world’s most powerful and smartest scientific supercomputer on June 8, 2018.
With a peak performance of 200,000 trillion calculations per second—or 200 petaflops, Summit will be eight times more powerful than ORNL’s previous top-ranked system, Titan. For certain scientific applications, Summit will also be capable of more than three billion billion mixed precision calculations per second, or 3.3 exaops. Summit will provide unprecedented computing power for research in energy, advanced materials and artificial intelligence (AI), among other domains, enabling scientific discoveries that were previously impractical or impossible.
Credit: Genevieve Martin/ORNL
Learn more: www.olcf.ornl.gov/summit/
The Answer to Life, the Universe, and Everything
The Ultimate AnswerThe Answer to Life, the Universe, and Everything is a concept taken from Douglas Adams' science fiction series The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. In the story, the answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything is sought from the supercomputer Deep Thought. The answer given by Deep Thought leads the protagonists on a quest to discover the question which provides this answer.
Spoiler warning: Plot or ending details follow.
Story lines
According to the Hitchhiker's Guide, researchers taking the form of mice, which are actually 3-dimensional profiles of a pan-dimensional, hyper-intelligent race of beings, construct Deep Thought, the second greatest computer of all time and space, to calculate the answer to the Ultimate Question. After seven and a half million years of pondering the question, Deep Thought provides the answer: "forty-two".
"Forty-two!" yelled Loonquawl. "Is that all you've got to show for seven and a half million years' work?"
"I checked it very thoroughly," said the computer, "and that quite definitely is the answer. I think the problem, to be quite honest with you, is that you've never actually known what the question is."
Deep Thought informs the researchers that it will design a second and greater computer, incorporating living beings as part of its computational matrix, to tell them what the question is. That computer was called Earth and was so big that it was often mistaken for a planet. The question was lost five minutes before it was due to be produced, due to the Vogons' demolition of the Earth, supposedly to build a hyperspace bypass. (Later in the series, it is revealed that the Vogons had been hired to destroy the Earth by a consortium of philosophers and psychiatrists who feared for the loss of their jobs when the meaning of life became common knowledge.) Lacking a real question, the mice proposed to use "How many roads must a man walk down?" (the first line of Bob Dylan's famous civil rights song Blowin' In The Wind) as the question for talk shows, after considering and rejecting the question, "What's yellow and dangerous?"—actually a riddle whose answer, not given by Adams, is "Shark-infested custard". However, this may also refer to the Vogon Constructor Fleet that demolished Earth, in that they were yellow and most certainly dangerous.
In one of the books, Marvin mentions that he can read the Question in Arthur's brainwaves. This does nothing to cheer him up.
At the end of the first radio series, the television series, and the book The Restaurant at the End of the Universe (the second book of the five-book 'trilogy'), Arthur Dent (as the last human to have left the Earth before its destruction, and therefore the portion of the computer matrix most likely to hold the question) attempts to discover the Question by extracting it from his unconscious mind, through pulling Scrabble letters at random out of a sack. The result is the sentence "WHAT DO YOU GET IF YOU MULTIPLY SIX BY NINE".
"Six by nine. Forty-two."
"That's it. That's all there is."
Since 6 × 9 = 54, this being the question would imply that the universe is bizarre and irrational; on the other hand, there is no proof that this was the actual question. After all, Arthur Dent composed only a minuscule fragment of the vast and complex computer matrix that was the Earth, and besides, it was stated that the computer's run had not finished when it was destroyed. In addition, Arthur and Ford realized that the original ape-like inhabitants of Earth were displaced by the Golgafrinchams, which could account for the irrational nature of the question in Arthur's mind (as he himself is a descendant of the Golgafrinchans). On discovering the question in the original radio series, Arthur Dent remarks: "I always said there was something fundamentally wrong with the universe."
Another thought as to the false equation in the Hitchhiker's Guide was that the program (Earth) would have run correctly if not for the crash landing of the Golgafrinchams. This race introduced error into the program and thus turned what would have been the equation 7 times 6 = 42 into 9 times 6 = 42.
It is also possible, given Adams' often bleak view of technology, that the 6 × 9 = 42 answer is meant to indicate that the Earth project was a flawed design to begin with, one that was always going to produce the wrong answer even if the program had been run successfully.
It was later pointed out that 6 × 9 = 42 if the calculations are performed in base 13, not base 10. Douglas Adams was not aware of this at the time, and has since been quoted as saying that "nobody writes jokes in base 13." and also "I may be a pretty sad person, but I don't make jokes in base 13."
Alternately, some have suggested that the question may be, "Pick a number, any number." Although this is not exactly a question, Marvin the Paranoid Android asks Zem the mattress in Life, the Universe, and Everything to pick any number.
"I gave a speech once," he said suddenly and apparently unconnectedly. "You may not instantly see why I bring the subject up, but that is because my mind works so phenomenally fast, and I am at a rough estimate thirty billion times more intelligent than you. Let me give you an example. Think of a number, any number."
"Er, five," said the mattress.
"Wrong," said Marvin. "You see?"
Since he often complains that his brain is "the size of a planet," it is somewhat feasible that he could have discovered what Earth was supposed to find out. Also, Eddie the shipboard computer in one part of the books mentions, "Pick a number, guys!" when Arthur wonders aloud what the Question is, but is ignored by the human inhabitants of the Heart of Gold.
At the end of Life, the Universe and Everything, the third book in the series, Arthur encounters a man named Prak, who through a significant overdose of a remarkably effective truth serum has gained the knowledge of all truth. Prak confirms that 42 is indeed the answer to the ultimate question of life, the universe and everything, but reveals that it is impossible for both the ultimate answer and the ultimate question to be known about the same universe. He states that if such a thing should come to pass, the universe would disappear and be replaced by something even more bizarrely inexplicable. He then speculates that this may have already happened.
Later, in So Long, and Thanks For All the Fish, the fourth book in the series, Arthur wonders if the ultimate answer might be the sudden startling revelation which Fenchurch had shortly before the demolition of the Earth. This theory turns out to be false; Fenchurch instead discovered God's Final Message to His Creation, the location of which was revealed to Arthur by Prak at the end of the previous book.
It should be noted that 'The Restaurant at the End of the Universe opens with the lines: "There is a theory which states that if ever anyone discovers exactly what the Universe is for and why it is here, it will instantly disappear and be replaced by something even more bizarre and inexplicable. There is another theory which states that this has already happened." The book then repeats part of the "prologue" of the first book: "...a girl sitting on her own in a small café in Rickmansworth suddenly realised what it was that had been going wrong all this time, and she finally knew how the world could be made a good and happy place. This time it was right, it would work, and no one would have to get nailed to anything." At that point the story takes off. It is not unreasonable to assume that the universe before then had been 'normal' and that Arthur's life and everything that happened after that point was a direct result of the answer and question both being known (which would, of course, make the answer and question useless as the universe itself had changed).
Douglas Adams' view
On November 2, 1993 Douglas Adams gave an answer (http://groups-beta.google.com/group/alt.fan.douglas-adams/msg/d1064f7b27808692?dmode=source&hl=en) on alt.fan.douglas-adams:
The answer to this is very simple. It was a joke. It had to be a number, an ordinary, smallish number, and I chose that one. Binary representations, base thirteen, Tibetan monks are all complete nonsense. I sat at my desk, stared into the garden and thought '42 will do'. I typed it out. End of story.
Miscellany
The true reason 42 was used in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (as revealed in "The Salmon of Doubt") is that Douglas Adams thought it was the funniest two-digit number.
According to the production notes of the DVD for The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy 1981 TV series, the scenes with Deep Thought were shot during week 42 of the BBC's calendar.
Google has a calculator function in its search engine, which knows the supposed answer to life the universe and everything (http://www.google.com/search?q=answer+to+life+the+universe+and+everything+=).
MSN Search also calculates this query correctly in a similar fashion (http://beta.search.msn.com/results.aspx?q=the%20answer%20to%20life%20the%20universe%20and%20everything).
Computer programmers' joke
There is a joke amongst computer programmers that Deep Thought may have had some order of operations issues. The following code in the C programming language defines the macros SIX as "1 + 5" and NINE as "8 + 1", and then performs the computation "SIX * NINE". It returns the answer "42", because "SIX * NINE" is expanded by the computer to "1 + 5 * 8 + 1", and the multiplication takes precedence over the additions. (This occurs because the macro expansion is textual, not logical.)
#include
#define SIX 1 + 5
#define NINE 8 + 1
int main(void)
{
printf( "What do you get if you multiply %d by %d: %d\n", SIX, NINE, SIX * NINE );
return 0;
}
Falsely assuming that the answer is indeed correct, that means that the meaning of life, the universe and everything would be 42.
One of the few changes fleet-wide was the state-of-the art bio-supercomputer. Instead of the ship having a conventional head, it has been replaced with a transmitter that can be used to send signals to the brain to accelerate the healing of wounds, dissolve contaminants, and even disintegrate waste.
Researchers are using Argonne's supercomputer Mira to model how explosives detonate, hoping to understand and prevent disasters like this 2005 event, when a semi-truck hauling 35,000 pounds of explosives through the Spanish Fork Canyon in Utah crashed and caught fire, causing a dramatic explosion that left a 30- by-70-foot crater in the highway. Photo courtesy Utah Department of Transportation. Read more »
The U.S. Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory unveiled Summit as the world’s most powerful and smartest scientific supercomputer on June 8, 2018.
With a peak performance of 200,000 trillion calculations per second—or 200 petaflops, Summit will be eight times more powerful than ORNL’s previous top-ranked system, Titan. For certain scientific applications, Summit will also be capable of more than three billion billion mixed precision calculations per second, or 3.3 exaops. Summit will provide unprecedented computing power for research in energy, advanced materials and artificial intelligence (AI), among other domains, enabling scientific discoveries that were previously impractical or impossible.
Credit: Genevieve Martin/ORNL
Learn more: www.olcf.ornl.gov/summit/
The Aurora system’s exaFLOP of performance — equal to a “quintillion” floating point computations per second — combined with an ability to handle both traditional high-performance computing (HPC) and artificial intelligence (AI) will give researchers an unprecedented set of tools to address scientific problems at exascale.
These breakthrough research projects range from developing extreme-scale cosmological simulations, to discovering new approaches for drug response prediction, to discovering materials for the creation of more efficient organic solar cells.
The Aurora system will foster new scientific innovation and usher in new technological capabilities, furthering the United States’ scientific leadership position globally.
Find out more»