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The first part of the homework dealing with structure. Made with acrylic black on white paper and a steelwool.
Actually I threw this one out of the series and replaced it with a different one. As my prof. has the originals at the moment, I'll put the final version online by the time I get it back.
The somewhat elusive St John the Baptist's church in Baginton is at first sight a deceptively simple building, the view on approach from the south-east being that of a modest two-cell structure of nave and chancel with a miniature (and rustically charming) tower and spire perched between the two. Moving around to the opposite side however reveals this building has undergone some extension with no less than two north aisles. Much of the present building is still in essence the original Norman one, albeit with alterations and additions mostly of the 14th century. Everything is built in warm red sandstone, as is the norm in the central and northern parts of Old Warwickshire.
The interior is rather different, both in terms of mostly whitened walls taking the place of the sandstone (and adding considerable lightness to what might otherwise have been a gloomy space) and being quite unlike any other ancient church in the county. From the west end the eye is drawn not to the usual single chancel arch but three of them (technically six as the openings into the chancel beyond are set much lower). The configuration is necessitated by the two central piers being required to support the tiny box-like tower above, while the alcoves on either side may have once contained altars and retain significant patches of ancient wall painting (mainly floral decoration). It is difficult to get much sense of the small chancel beyond until passing through the arches, from where it is revealed as an intimate space full of interest.
The most noteworthy features of the church are to be found adorning the walls of the chancel, with several imposing wall tablets and a very fine early 15th century brass commemorating Sir William Bagot & his wife who once lived in the nearby castle (of which little now remains). There are further patches of wall painting in other parts of the church and the nave retains most of its 18th century furnishings. The Victorian restoration here appears to have had very little impact aside from the Hardman glass in the east window.
Baginton is not the easiest of places to find, being squeezed between the outskirts of Coventry and its airport which adjoins the village. Despite being fairly local to where I grew up this church also eluded me until very recently, being normally kept locked and only open by appointment (my only prior visit ended in disappointment and the wording of the sign discouraged asking for the key without prior arrangement). Being part of a group visit finally gave me the access I wanted, but alas time was limited and the church was swiftly locked up again as we left. It's a shame they don't feel they can open it more often as it is a very rewarding building that deserves more visitors and wider appreciation.
9-23-2016
Structure Fire
SouthMeade Dr
Thanksgiving FD, Archer Lodge FD, Wilson's Mills FD, JCEMS, Fire Marshal
" Summary
A Modernist architectural tower built 1955-1956 as part of a state-of-the-art coking plant to supply coke for steel production – a multifunctional building incorporating a coal bunker and handling facilities, control rooms and water tanks for emergency firefighting. It can be seen as an early example of Brutalist architecture.
Reasons for Designation
The Dorman Long Tower is listed at Grade II for the following principal reasons:
Architectural interest:
* as a recognised and celebrated example of early Brutalist architecture, a fine example of austere design that simply, yet wholeheartedly expresses its function; * a deliberate monumental architectural statement of confidence by the then newly de-nationalised Dorman Long company in the mid-1950s; * a rare (considered to be nationally unique) surviving structure from the C20 coal, iron and steel industries; * a design which is above the purely functional which also cleverly combines control-room, storage and fire-fighting functions for a state-of-the-art coking plant.
Historic interest:
* for its association with, and an advert for, Dorman Long which dominated the steel and heavy engineering industry of Teesside for most of the C20, a leading firm nationally with an international reputation, for example building the Sidney Harbour Bridge.
History
The second half of the C19 saw the dramatic development of the iron and steel industry on Teesside, starting at the new town of Middlesbrough in the 1840s and then expanding along the south bank of the Tees eastwards as plants grew ever larger. The industry drew on the extensive, easily mined iron ores of the Cleveland Hills, which at its peak in the 1880s represented a third of Britain’s total production, Teesside, for a time, being the world’s biggest producer of iron and steel. Dorman, Long and Company was established as a partnership between Arthur John Dorman and Albert de Lande Long in 1876, taking over an established ironworks in Middlesbrough. Through a series of acquisitions and mergers, by 1914, Dorman Long had become the dominant firm on Teesside, diversifying into many areas of heavy engineering as well as being one of the country’s leading steel producers. Further diversification and acquisitions through the first half of the C20, such as the take-over of Bolckow, Vaughan and Company in 1929, saw Dorman Long consolidate its position. Beyond steel production, the company also became an internationally significant firm for structural engineering, perhaps most famously for building the Sidney Harbour Bridge in Australia in 1923-1932, as well as the similar Grade II*-listed Tyne Bridge in Newcastle (1925-1928). In 1951, the company, along with most of the country’s iron and steel businesses, was nationalised. This period of state ownership was short-lived, and Dorman, Long and Company was de-nationalised in 1954, being re-organised into a series of subsidiary operating companies, one being Dorman, Long (Steel). This new company took over the operation of several established works on Teesside, but also made significant new investment, including the construction of a new, state-of-the-art coke works at South Bank in 1955-1957 designed by the specialist firm Simon-Carves Ltd. This coke works consisted of two ranges of coking ovens flanking the central tower which is the structure that is the subject of this listing. In operation, pulverised coal was loaded via conveyor into the upper part of the north side of the tower, the bunker loading floor being marked by regularly spaced windows. Coal was then dispensed via chutes into chargers on the second floor, the chargers would then have been run along the tops of the east and west ranges to feed the plant’s 130 coking ovens via gravity. The ovens then heated the coal in the absence of air to a very high temperature to concentrate the carbon content and drive off impurities, producing the high-quality fuel required for steel production. The ground floor of the tower included control rooms for the plant. To the roof of the tower, integrated as part of the structure, there are large open-topped water tanks which formed the stand-by reservoir for the site’s fire-protection ring main for emergency firefighting.
The tower was designed as a highly functional structure, but it was also clearly crafted to make a bold architectural statement, being Modernist in design which here can be seen as an early example of Brutalism. The term ‘Brutalism’ was coined by British architects Alison and Peter Simpson in 1954, being derived from the French term for raw concrete. Brutalist architecture is typically characterised by the large-scale use of concrete to produce massive, monolithic, geometric structures.
The tower’s bold form is carefully proportioned and broken up into vertical sections that visibly accentuate the height of the tower, which is about 56m. The broader north and south faces are broken up into three with a broad central section above the coal handling floor breaking forward, that to the south carrying the bold lettering ‘Dorman Long’, clearly using the company name as an advertisement of modernity and confidence to people travelling along the railway line that passes to the south. The east and west elevations are also broken into three, this time with projecting fins that extend slightly above the level of the parapet at the top of the tower. Although these fins may contribute to the structural integrity of the tower, providing a degree of buttressing, their thinness and the way that they extend above the parapet strongly suggests that their inclusion was at least partially for architectural aesthetics. The sizing, positioning and distribution of the window openings is also carefully considered, subtly adding to the overall architectural design of the tower, each window being divided into a vertical stack of three equal lights by transoms. The careful consideration given to the architectural design of this highly functional industrial building is becoming increasingly recognised with the commercial reproduction of images of the tower as well as its inclusion in books on Brutalist architecture.
Dorman Long (Steel) became part of the nationalised British Steel in 1967, the coke works being replaced in the early 1970s by a new plant. The Dorman Long Tower was retained because of its continued use as a reservoir for firefighting, but the ovens, and most of the associated equipment and structures were stripped out and demolished.
Details
Multi-functional tower (coal handling and storage, control rooms and fire-control water reservoir) 1955-1956 by Simon-Carves Ltd for Dorman, Long (Steel).
MATERIALS: reinforced concrete with some refractory and other brickwork.
EXTERIOR: the tower is approximately 56m high, rising from a rectangular footprint with the north and south elevations being of four bays, the east and west being three bays. The central two bays of both the north and south elevations break forward from the third-floor level, that to the south carried by thin tapering fins to form imitation giant coal chutes. Above, on the south face, in large bold lettering in two lines is the company name ‘Dorman Long’. Immediately above this lettering there is a floor level of regularly spaced windows, a larger opening being central to the north elevation which was where the coal supply conveyor originally entered the structure. The top-most floor has just two windows, these set to the central section of the south elevation. The sections of the top of the tower on the east and west sides are blind because these form open-topped water tanks. The east and west elevations of the tower are divided into three by thin, projecting fins which extend slightly above the level of the tower-top parapets. The lower three floors of the east and west elevations include the remains of the demolished flanking ranges.
INTERIOR: has been largely stripped out of equipment and control gear, but with some surviving features such as the coal charging chutes set into the roof of the first floor along with evidence of the control function on the ground floor.
Sources
Books and journals
Chadwick, P, This Brutal World, (2016)
Williams, M, The Steel Industry in England: An Historical Overview (Historic England Research Report 65-2019), (2019)
Websites
Grace's Guide to British Industrial History: Dorman, Long and Co, accessed 09 Sept 2019 from gracesguide.co.uk/Dorman,_Long_and_Co "
11-1-2016
Structure Fire
105 Josephine Rd, Garner
Polenta Elementary School
Mobile Unit
Cleveland FD, Clayton FD, 50-210 FD, 50-210 EMS, Johnston Co Fire Marshal.
karni mata temple, shiv bari temple, devi kund, shri kolayat ji temple; bikaner, rajasthan,complete post at
traveltravailsandheck.blogspot.com/2011/08/off-and-beat-b...
Inflatable structure by Hans Walter Muller
for an architecture exhibition at Arc En Rêve / Bordeaux, July 2012
Studio Ad Hoc / HWM
“Power is not an institution, and not a structure; neither is it a certain strength we are endowed with; it is the name that one attributes to a complex strategical situation in a particular society.”
Michel Foucault."
[Day 155/365]
Steel structure that looks more like a rollercoaster than a building, that's a sign it most be a Frank O. Gehry design. Taken march 12, 2002.
An odd structure at Big Pit mining museum at Bleanavon.
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Channel 4, Office
HDA : Hugh Dutton, Façade & Atrium
Client : DPJEV
Architect : Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners
Date : 1991-1993
See more at : www.hda-paris.com/
The amazing structure inside the Belfry (Halletoren) in Brugge. This medieval bell tower was originally built in 1240 but burnt down in 1280 before being rebuilt. The octagonal upper stage of the belfry was added between 1483 and 1487. On the right hand side you can see the stairwell, leading ever higher. The image is taken on the second floor.