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'Doing the right thing at the right time, in the right way - better than ever-acting from reasoning rather than rule.'
Designed and created by me. 30 square sheets attached without using glue
My mathematical reasoning leads me to the construction of these modules, I have built a series of dodecahedra, which I have been posting. I hope you enjoy it.
As everyone knows, a full frame body covers a larger area than a crop-body like a 7d/7d2 (60%more). And as all the wild birds photographers also know is that :
ALL THE WILD BIRDS WOULD LIKE TO STAY AWAY FROM YOU !!!
And that is the main reason why so many of us choose the crop body cameras over full frame cameras for birds photography because we want more detail from the camera without having to get closer to the bird.
Let's say if you're shooting with the 5dmark3 for example...after you cropped the center 40% you'll end up with images of less than 9 mega-pixels. (22.3 x 0.4 = 8.92).
Big Difference from the 7d2 of 20.2 mega-pixels.
Now this new 5DsR body with 50mega-pixels changes all that reasoning:
If you cut the center 40% of the frame you'll end up with 20 megapixel, the same as a 7dmark2.
Yet shooting with this 5DsR give you more real estate that you don't have with the 7d/7d2 :
7dmark2 APS-C size sensor : .....5472x3648 = 19962k pixels
5dsR F.F.CMOS sensor.................8688x5792 = 50321k pixels
Exactly at 2.5 times more. (50.1 vs 20.1)
As you can see with this fast fly-by shot of this rare and skittish SCALY-NAPED PIGEON....I would have cut its wings off if I were using my usual 7d2 for this shot. (Center cropped using the numbers above.)
What a bonus !!!
End result: You'll have a better chance of getting the bird in the frame when you shoot with the 5ds body than a 7d2 when you're standing at the same distance....with the same detail.
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The 'Saline Solution';
Abstract: A Universe of combustion powered by en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter as being en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanobacteria that energizes, powers and links the food and combustion chains by means its role making N2O (and other combustion gasses) as visualized powering this photo as a sea of examples of theory as the reality of the Universe whereby it is possible 'Billions' are successfully 'Served' so much Bacterial Dark Energy as expressed so many 'Happy Meals' or Big Mac's -- which being so many macromolecules that can be measures in terms of calories that produce heat in the combustion chain or energy in the food chain as measured by Calories and or BTU's here to be understood as Bacterial vs. British Thermal Units here for the illustrative purpose of essays analysis thesis and central 'line of logic' writ in material by the power of Dark Energy of light examined analyzed and explained as being organic and functioning on a Magnesium sulfate lattice connecting Earth to Sun electrically as well all life by means the electrolytic power of salt which forms the low density Sea of Space and hence the key to understanding the perpetual operation of a Universe that hosts so many McDonald's in 'reality as well as theory'.
As calories produced in Nature are combusted or converted to some other gear in the dark material box that contains explains and radiates; breakfast lunch and dinner by means and method of the 'Fuel, Transmission, and, Breaks on the Speed of Light as Dark Matter Makes the Fast Food Chain Possible in Reality as Well as Theory' perpetually which is my thesis of how bacteria's atomic core acts as the nuclear engine of fast food's 'motor' to power the arrow of time and the expansion of the Universe in the process of the customer service of billions under the Golden Arches' as a example of how my inventor's paradoxical reasoning flows from facts; old and fresh off the presses of Science; by means of reading and remembering the reporting in the: Science News, Wired, New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, et al..
My meal plan over my sales career and beyond has featured heaping helping of a traveling stack of recursive reading material in the form of magazines and newspapers, which got read cover to cover and then re-read for subtext + the answers, while working myriad 'problems' in a wide variety of food and chemical process plants selling machinery to help industries by means better mixing commodities to create value added products, and or by measure of the ingredients constituent 'energy departments' by means their light bending properties as a 'organic lens' by means to focus my learning about applied industrial en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractometry over the years to form a unique point of view that provides a singular lens to understand the (refractual)-factual information available to all -- which to draw conclusions that, if in fact confirms and explains this thesis, in every aspect) while maintaining the consistency of the 'line of logic' as condensed into the 'nutshell' of the case: which makes possible nutshells --> by which "Nitrous oxide is emitted by bacteria in soils and oceans, and thus has been a part of Earth's atmosphere for millennia. ... Nitrous oxide reacts with ozone in the stratosphere. Nitrous oxide is the main naturally occurring regulator of stratospheric ozone. Nitrous oxide is a major greenhouse gas. Considered over a 100-year period, it has 298 times more impact per unit weight than carbon dioxide. Thus, despite its low concentration, nitrous oxide is the fourth largest contributor to these greenhouse gases. It ranks behind water vapor, carbon dioxide, and methane. Control of nitrous oxide is part of efforts to curb greenhouse gas emissions. " - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrous_oxide
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This 'data stack' has been compiled and essayed as way to explain and drive home the point of a insight by means a photo as examples served, to help unify a general understanding of Quantum Mechanics by bringing it into harmony with the Quantum Dynamic via 'tuning' the logical notes so as to produce a harmonic chord into the scientific signal chain. This method seeks to know by mildly obsessively removal of the noise and assorted 'clams' in the music that causes distortion in the current comprehension the fine grain factual that is the Devil complicating the details to render the obvious mysterious (for his own unknown devises) distorting the understanding and comprehension of "Dark Matter and Energy" -- which given it has the power in the the micro to macro over the Universe to 'bend of light' which is "spooky action at a distance" as well in terms of organic chemistry, which contains the energy, power and logical means to run the World Economy as well Solar System in the present, by means drawing on the power of the past in the meta, so as to expand the future at Λ.
The great common denominator is understood to be the organic power of the bonds of atom in action over space and time in the micro and macro to bend light which therefore, hence, consequential powers the present, by means the energy of the past, with exactly enough 'juice' to expand the future at at rate we know as the Cosmological Constant which happens to be the Macro Economic rate of inflation or other activity, when measured precisely over time in a given economy; as explained by Dark Matter and Energy being 'the stuff of the food and combustion chains' literal -- "power and light" -- as represented by a well oiled food chain of, fruits and vegetables, grains, meats, dairy, spice, Tea, and Coffee, with plenty of cooking oil and or motor oil to deliver same about all of which has a refractive index which determines price by means 'refinement, intensity and purity, etc.'.
Hence I conclude the economic activity inside each ingredient has the power to bend light at a given rate which is the power be worth more or less due; the presence or absence of Dark Matter or Energy - as being some 'star stuff' that makes 'gas that goes boom', by means the power of bacteria, at some level to cause a function of taste, smell and or the 'heat of the kitchen' that powers a person, group, or planet to expand at the Cosmological Constant by means the 'secret sauce' of spice on top floating atop a river of coffee, drained daily to achieve a insight into cracking the code that is the redundant power to run a Solar System from the micro to the macro and therefore power 'the program' with enough intensity to handle the business of light bending which I hold to be the answer to the Dark Matter and Energy Riddle™; which; creates, distributes and, bends light, -- by means the power of complimentary quark repair as understood and explained to us by Niels Bohr.
From this line of logic come a bonus answer {answer 'blowing in' the planetary weather patterns[for fun fact reality checking]} -- which is picture 'visualized' (and verbalized) as the 'planetary gearbox' running micro to macro by means the complete set of "planetary gears" -- Earth being the third gear, (counter rotating) as a example of how in this (and every) Solar system, per the Cosmological Principle's planetary rotation is powered by means of rotary evaporation, condensation, and quark repair's energy which explains the precision rotation and counter rotation of the Planets sorting the major elements from the Sun to the Black Hole in the Center Galley and back to Faint Young Star Power, in addition to explaining how the food chain and combustion chains run the worlds markets on so much 'horse power' by means of the food, fuel and mineral supplies which are understood to be 'of this world and more or less constantly 'bug based' to have mass which makes for substance that is organic, ---> then -- perhaps some or all of the Dark Matter and Energy riddle can begin to be considered (re)solved given the existing pieces of the natural machinery explained with out having to invent or discover strange new mysterious here to fore unknown 'matter' or 'stuff' that is the light -- 'illustrated' in its quantum mechanical and dynamic operations.
Therefore, Bacteria micro phylogenetic ilk form the vital cogs in the gearbox of the machinery of the of the perpetual manufacture of all elements of combustion and the biomass of any given hydrocarbon atomic bit and, or molecule that runs this economy or, any given eco or solar system.
Hence, Bacteria self-identifies itself as being THE prime candidate as the engine and (con)vector of Dark Matter and Energy on multiple levels of micro to macro levels and layers of Time and Space -- explained.
Further evidence of 'bacteria power' being a heretofore, 'secret agent' and, or 'sauce' of the hydrogen bonding process; E.g.; www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/08/110810132832.htm
"Hydrogen-Powered Symbiotic Bacteria Found in Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Mussels"
Consequently, to connect the known dots that we as a planet full of various species which are bacterial powered, and therefore 'connected' - because of 'we are, what we eat' technology, it is not too great a leap in logic to see the micro to the macro of what I perceive the food and combustion chain moving along in the form of burgers, cars, people, lights, with the common atomic denominator of complimentary paired quarks of the non combustible expansive atomic core of Bacteria which pumps the N20 'laughing back' in a witches brewing tangled with the incomplete combustion of VOC's aka en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volatile_organic_compound 's which are sorted by means Hawking Radiation with the Dark Matter/Energy being the Bacteria that makes combustion possible on a atomic level to matter at the junction of the CNO cycles where one or another family of Bacteria uses matter as fuel to bind en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrus_oxide to en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon , by means the 'intestinal fortitude' of en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanobacteria functioning as the atomic core of Dark Matter and Energy in its role in combustion process at the atomic level, bring light to life as heat and the building blocks of the food chain where there is no waste whereby matter bound is form and released in Hydrogen bonds of demi-big bang being 'ripped' free and re broken to 'dribble out' and vent safely though a series of (black at night type) holes in the Earths ozone, past the gas giants of the solar system, and or then, back up to the 'mother ship' of a Black Hole in the middle of the galaxy to be reprocessed into basic matter and new stars; imho, and according to my version of the General Unified Theory the remainder of the combusted Matter is spun off from the inferno in a Energy input = Energy output to/fro Earth over Space Time in visual form as a large pile of 'mass equivalence' goes 'up in smoke' c/o Bacteria in concert with the food chain, as ordained by people, and their Stars.
A bacterial 'method of accounting' for the elements of the combustion chains common denominators power supply in the case of everything in the above photo from; the grill, to vehicles fuels, to the lights, to the ingredients served food chain creation, all draw by means the power of bacteria and returning energy to the Sun as organic chemistry in the waste streams returning V.O.C.'s + 'free radicals' back to Black Holes for 'rework' by means the food and combustion chains machinery along with resultant thermal energy as heat - not unlike a watch, all pieces of the machinery are required which to tell time, and or power, key, and, gear the Universes continuously running of a waste free process with zero inefficiencies in the (re) winding of the atomic clockworks of the; en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Phylogenetic_tree.svg by means of the 'arrow of time' being organic and thus a natural explanation and account for the Material Science and Physics of the Past, Present, and, Future expanding the Universe in the micro and macro at the en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmological_constant .
By means of McDonald's cunning control of the food chains macro and micro of ingredients respective half life through the applied combination of combustion and the Bose Einstein condensate as expressed in the freezer and refrigeration processes with the heat of the deep frier and grill wiped clean of 'bugs' by the hygiene process ("If you have time to lean -- you have time to clean")^ to grease the wheels of maximum predictability to add velocity as a expression of 'fast food' running at ultra high velocity of the supply chain, so as to be both profitable and by keeping the flipping quantum burgers and selling them as levers on the 'half life' of life which is so much en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy-mass_equivalence on the 'hoof and or bun' or Dark Matter and Energy fueling the present, driving the futures expansion, while drawing off the power of the past, in the process of repairing the pasts quarks, while moving the industrial age super high speed supply chain fast, from freezer to grill, such that very little spoils in becoming breakfast, lunch or dinner in the many super saturated heartbeats kept in motion - so to speak in praise of the high velocity of the nutrition moving by means of a menu offered at the counter or 24/7 at drive thru that binds and connects a world by 'bill of fare' from a common 'supply chain' to forge the common bond of 'been there, ate that'; got that "Happy Meal" feeling and connectivity by means of 'you are what you eat', as one of the 'billions served' and thus bonded at a atomic level this 'Small World™ is formed and powered said as a gear in the machinery of moving the Universe forward at exactly the Cosmological Constant each burger and fry being a vital thread in the vastness of the fabric of Space which keeps the 'arrow of time' in 'free flight' by means the perpetual power of Dark Matter and Energy.
Bacteria' sub-atomic bond's further self identify themselves as Dark Matter in terms of; en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_energy when busted through the above mentioned data points over Space Time shot though the single cellular 'buns' of the expanse of the power of said Bacteria whose role in the formation of all fuels that have the power and volume and necessary gas byproducts fuel the building blocks and heat the life as we know it of a expanding Universe, as I understand the Grande Scheme as it seems to be -- making more sense every day, in light of the evidence w/o bacteria there is no serving billions and billions over the course of space and time breakfast, lunch, and dinner, anyplace, anytime, anywhere; with perfectly predictable results.
While searching for Bacteria as the missing link in the Dark Material puzzle and or cog in the Universal gear box by searching for evidence that amounts to proof of the above thesis in a late 20st century hydrocarbon fueled economy based and chase scene as a conceptual word problem/thought exercise of the quantum dynamics of the following to power the atomic chain reaction that is the contents of this clip, (and the following cinematic immortal chase scene) from The Blues Brothers film, from the point of the line; 'Hit It': E.g. www.youtube.com/watch?v=gvKs2VLmVnY it is all one vast Cyanobacteria powered Hydrocarbon coming unglued in a cinematic en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chain_reaction set of events that flow from that '...full tank of gas' and those of the Illinois State Police and Chicago Police Department pursuit fleets respective fuel supplies by my estimates and a per this hypothesis, which also can be made as a means of the (bacteria) count for a Dark Matter math made of the original quality of the crude oil or gas sourced as energy not needed to remove it is some sort of V.O.C. or sulfur in the refining processes as I (begin to attempt to) under stand that phase of the hydrocarbon world, by thinking through what Nature did to produce the worlds resource map over time and space in the micro and macro c/o the predictable expansion of the 'Bacteria count' (method of comprehending this system writ large is), that it is the metaphorical and literal chemical keys to the locks that 'unchain' the Energy of the rest of the Dark Material Energies machinery in the subatomic bits as expressed and transmitted in larger life forms of the; en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Phylogenetic_tree.svg by means the turning of the wheels in the perpetual generational workings of the 'circle of life', species specific grade grind.
It is key to my understanding the organic driver of Matter over time and space as the vector of radiant Energy from the Sun up the food chain, with the feed back loop to the source Stars paired quark, and or Black Hole so the Yin Yang of the Universe is observed yet expansion happens at the speed of light curved at the rate of expansion of the this corner of the Universe as defined by its mix of atoms as apples of the proverbial/metaphorical/literal Phylogenetic tree to which all life is connected as "Star stuff" back at some Sun -- in to/fro runs that never stops this and all other local worlds turning by means of the power of quarks in free flight repair.*
Further insight to my thinking on Dark Matter can be achieved though the point of view of the functionality of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange as a thought experiment the price theory calculations of the trading of the relative Dark Material 'bacteriological load' of what wikipedia cites as; "Agricultural Commodity Contracts to include: Live Cattle, Lean Hogs，Feeder Cattle, Class IV Milk, Class III Milk, Frozen Pork Bellies, International Skimmed Milk Powder (ISM), Nonfat Dry Milk, Deliverable Nonfat Dry Milk, Dry Whey, Cash-Settled Butter, Butter, Random Length Lumber, Softwood Pulp, Hardwood Pulp. " - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Mercantile_Exchange hence, whole crops and 'great herds' have their market price known in dollar value and therefore understood by the 'group mind' as expressed by the market on a dynamic basis as a set of outcomes based on decisions which would therefor also enable a Game Theory analysis of the functions of the interplay of bacteria as Dark Matter over Time and Space on the Markets writ large so as to make a certain amount of micro and macro economic sense out of reality to my mind -- as a function of its Dark Matter in motion and working out such things as impacts on crop rotation and micro climate as expressed in soil, flora, fauna, and in the end expressed as the en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_exchange_market as reflected in the worth of a countries economic fortune and political sense as determined by the rest of the world as an expression of the market (volatility expressed as a aspect of the Geo Politic) to put a numerical fine point on this biological bacterial concept as having a economic and political reality in the purest economic bottom line analysis expressed as the "Big Mac Index" www.economist.com/news/2018/07/11/the-big-mac-index where as we know; " en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_politics_is_local " material-logically and economically speaking and understanding the language of 'knowledge being power' to produce breakfast lunch and dinner like as well according to clockwork.
Therefore, kindly consider the concept of the 'lines of communication' as a historic reflection of this method of bacterial transmission of the hydrogen and nitrogen bonds by means the; en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spice_Route and its consequence; as a means transmission by mode of market propelled by men moving matter to markets in their bacterial based bodies made of what they ate as they hauling spices in flowing robes more or less doing the bidding of The Bacteria (as matter and antimatter in the form of bodies and antibodies) the runs their Genome as a means of maintaining health and spread direction by means slaying en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell%27s_demon by overwhelming the Demon with the message in the material in the form of the spices transported to form immunity. A soul 'being you are what you ate' is therefore as intense as its 'spice matrix', held together by such things as those same trace nutrients salts that make the whole micro a expression of the en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrient_cycle of the macro as seen above in the spice rout 'moving matter'/the en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass-energy_equivalence of dehydrated spice 'on the hoof'/over time and space 'in sickness and health' using the spice to charge the immune system to the stars, and thereby expand the human 'group mind' in the process. So goes bacteria and the immune system running down the en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efficient_energy_use highway somewhere as the saying, movie title and, quark repair goes; 'Back to the Future" to form the present as the arrow of time accounted for.
Back to present where let's consider for a moment the line of cars at the drive through running on hydrocarbons which are spewing the byproducts of combustion out their exhaust pipes as so much proto-photo-chemical glue bacteria/N2O and then digested by the process into so many VOC's emissions and ozone and or the local Dark Matter mat (you see as dirty snow/particulates) which then tends to coat the local population in a binding network of common chemical bonds care of the haze of bacteria spewed forth bacteria working their digestive magic by making and breaking hydrocarbons into bits of matter to yield energy as well as unintended consequences of letting loose bacteria to form more N2O and thus make matter in a loop, which explains quite a bit in a expanding Universe with that en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faint_young_Sun_paradox in need of resolution as accounting does providing the 'gas' in the form of none other than Bacteria (+and and all other breathing living creatures in the food and combustion chain that use or produce the gasses that run the Natural world to be found in the Phylogenetic tree* that make themselves the self evident candidates for the vital role of Dark Matter in producing Energy, by means of a technical explanation of the organic reality of the engineering of heat, light, beaming billions of 'Argument from Design'^^ burgers with cheese along with life as we know it in concert with a combustion chain made possible by the same of the organic Star powered operating system which is the quantum physics of light derived from the particulate energy of nature -- spinning on the axis of reality that leads to and fro black holes for the final business of quark repair and reseeding as fresh young Star power as the final answer offered to the riddle of the expanding Universe at the observed rate of cosmic inflation.
*Attributions and Notes;
Part of the Title of this essay is a reference from a James Q. Wilson appreciation and quotation in the Wall Street Journal;
online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052970203986604577...
- "The joke about the French philosopher—"We know it works in fact, but will it work in theory?"
Sources and Thanks;
Wikipedia multiple instances as links indicate, The New York Times, The Blues Brothers (movies), The Science News, The Science Daily, The Scientific American, Smithsonian (magazine and websites), Grand Master Cho, Donald Street Jr., (the spirits of) Larry Bird, Bruce Lee, Floyd Little, Keith Moon, Ray Kroc, Kenneth G. Wilson, Niels Bohr, Lewis Alvarez, Hans Bethe, Richard Feynman,Carl Woese, my ancestors, and friends as expressed in the great human spirit as its collection of intellectual marbles of the mind found in the halls of Education, Science and Industry all inclusive. Marbles that can be added to compose the picture of the Universe the in the mosaic of Macro by understanding how the organic bonds of the micro fuel and expand the Big Picture™.
Magazines and Newspapers read with regularity; Wired, New Yorker, New York Times, Atlantic, The Economist, The Science News, Smithsonian, Rolling Stone, Vanity Fair, Wooden Boat, The Guardian, and The Wall Street Journal.
Thanks to the folks, their content provided on pages served by wikipedia, Linkedin, 'The' google and youtube.
All citations and video links are strictly for informational power of navel gazing and educational purposes only.
All brain farts and typos mine. 'Pardon my prose', this is a work in progress and can be read with that in mind and clean through w/o hitting the links then on second pass go in for the hypertext as topically curious.
Note: no entertainment value or incidental rights explicit or implicit assumed by citations to to or fro links contained herein.
Not unlike the original ideas about Dark Matter and Energy or any incidental cosmic-intellectual sod busted along the way of this thought exercise verbalized as semi complete set of insights, to go with the rest of my analysis of the "'Color Theory' of Dark Matter and Energy", are my uncompensated business (in passive-aggressive search of a publisher) that ponders another paragraph on the how the Universe works through the lens that is outside looking in at Bacteria's nuclear material manifesting itself as a function of the expansion of the Universe as powered by nothing less than the Dark Material heart that beats by means the expansive radiant Energy of Cyanobacteria, made oh so edible at McDonald's.
^ "Some people say he (McDonald's founder Ray Kroc) was almost obsessed with cleanliness." - money.howstuffworks.com/mcdonalds1.htm
^^The Argument from Design
www.princeton.edu/~grosen/puc/phi203/design.html
* My topically related hyper-detailed, and 'dense as a young Star' 'Full Report' on why; "'The Dark Side of' Matter and Energy Sets the Speed of Lights Limits, A Photo Essay with Image 'Remixed' by 'Dream 11'"
For clarity, 'roll-over' notes presented as continuous comment moving from the bottom Right to the lower Left by way of the 'Finish Line' in the 'roll-over' mode noting in that order the pickup truck driver, sign, and drive up window as a series of metaphors, folded down to this, with apologies for the technology;
No doubt driver is off working on a en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_deduction proof of Bacteria as Dark Matter and Energy in his spare time, when not otherwise engaged in struggle for survival in the City. Never mind, the guy across the street with the camera did all that in his head; while doing the same. You can check via this intense method, and or by just reading on into this train of a chain reaction of thought that is parked right here in this space.
The "FinishLine" and Time are illusory concepts unless you happen to be en..wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Phelps because it seems more the case as once more or less was stated that;
“Life is a (bacteriological driven) journey, not a destination.”
Not unlike ― Robert Frosts road predating McDonalds and thus 'less traveled' non the less memorable and a immortal 'difference maker', E,g.;
www.poemhunter.com/poem/the-road-not-taken/
The Road Not Taken
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
Then took the other, as just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim
Because it was grassy and wanted wear,
Though as for that the passing there
Had worn them really about the same,
And both that morning equally lay
In leaves no step had trodden black.
Oh, I marked the first for another day!
Yet knowing how way leads on to way
I doubted if I should ever come back.
I shall be telling this with a sigh
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I,
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference.
- Robert Frost
Humans Carry More Bacterial Cells than Human Ones n -- is bunk -- www.sciencenews.org/article/body%E2%80%99s-bacteria-don%E...
Never the less there are bacteria running the health 'code' if you have any grip on -- health and good eating in general to form a whole package that can comprehend the 'body census' POV as formed;
By Melinda Wenner
www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=strange-but-tru...
Digressing but speaking of the search for the Universal source code;
How the Father of Computer Science Decoded Nature’s Mysterious Patterns
In research shortly before his death in 1954, Alan Turing used mathematics to explore how forms emerge, yielding insights that are now being applied to problems like desalination.
Which seems to be confirmed by The New York Times on July 14, 2014 in Personal Health -- as
"We Are Our Bacteria"
By Jane E. Brody; nyti.ms/1zBrZrJ
Further proof in the cosmic 'pudding' of this 'line of logic' applied as matter made as not only burgers, but believe it or not The Bahamas being Cyanoacterial 'born' from the micro to the 'Big Macro'' --> e.g.:
Bahamas Bacteria May Feast on Dust from the Saharan Desert
By Laura Geggel, | July 29, 2014 03:01pm ET
www.livescience.com/47072-sahara-dust-great-bahama-bank.html
and then there is the distinct -
"Possible layout of the quarks in a pentaquark particle. The five quarks might be tightly bound (left). The five quarks might be tightly bound. They might also be assembled into a meson (one quark and one anti quark) and a baryon (three quarks), weakly bound together."
lifeboat.com/blog/2015/08/exotic-pentaquark-particle-disc... --
Therefore logically it follows is understood and hopefully explained here that this is the natural source of the gears that we derive from Nature employs to form essential sub atomic gearing that constitutes the fabric of the Universe which is woven by the (2x2 quarks + 1 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axion )accounted for now as being found present in the form factors of the colors blue and green quarks two each, plus the 'wild red' Axion (that transports the above linked font of information by means the power of "The (micro) RGB Light") manufactured in that thar recurring blue-green en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanobacteria producing the -- 'show must go on business' -- which in turn forms the 'stage' that is 'all the world' inclusive of the Saharan dust that offers a theoretical physical-chemical explanation of the Bahamas’ paradoxical existence by "Windblown nutrients may fertilize island-building bacteria" as a footprint formed in the macro.
BY Thomas Sumner July 11, 2014
Magazine issue: Vol. 186 No. 3, August 9, 2014
"Dust-fertilized cyanobacteria could also explain the origin of carbonate rocks elsewhere in the ocean that formed over 400 million years ago, before mollusks and corals evolved, Swart says."
www.sciencenews.org/article/saharan-dust-explains-bahamas...
"The rocks here in Oman are
special, this scientist says." -- which is also the point of this essay to provide a full pictorial accounting of the myriad 'common denominators likeness' and suggest formal logical links as they organic chemically occur to support this hypothosis;
--> www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/04/26/climate/oman-rocks...
Yet more people with a beef about burgers in world today due to their perceived supersized impact on climate by means the combustion chain saw of power of being carbon based that make for the thinking linking; beef, cars and climate together as; "The Case for a Carbon Tax on Beef" - nyti.ms/2GCdixI that was argued for on March 17, 2018 as reported By Richard Conniff
in the New York Times.
Therefore it is concluded by this long line of logic that deduces in the final analysis that the electric color coding of quarks in formation and repair that inform and bind the ingredients, that create the matter in the Universe by means the gears of nature being organic running on the many shoulders of the nitrogen building blocks of a army navy and air force of the matter and resultant fuel of hydrogen oxygen helium of a Universe of organic 'bug power' production which forms, binds expands and operate the 'code' of Nature which is borne by a ultra low density amorphous Mg-Sulfate lattice which transmits light electrically as explained by "Albert Einstein's mathematical description of how the photoelectric effect was caused by absorption of quanta of light in one of his 1905 papers, named "On a Heuristic Viewpoint Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light". "
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effect illustrated.
CJC
Rev. 1/2026. -- problem set proposed as solved; full report in progress.
The Divine Spirit is infinite, yet it dwells in forms and inspires likeness, and thus truth enters into forms and signs.” But while landscapes portrayed the vastness and grandeur of Nature, the garden revealed her intimate aspect. All forms of art are the outward and visible expression of Ch’i, the Cosmic Breath or Energy, with which all creation must be in accord, whether it be painting, poetry, music, or the creation of a garden. Indeed, all these arts developed side by side, for the Chinese scholar was expected to be capable of interpreting the same inspiration in all three arts together and the place of both their inspiration and expression was most usually the garden, this term being applied also to the rural retreat of a sage or hermit where in some remote and beautiful scenery a hut had been built and round it trees planted. In a well-designed garden it should be difficult to distinguish between the work of man and Nature. One should “borrow scenery from Nature” and the ideal place was “among trees in the mountains.” Wherever it was, the garden was a place of quiet, meditation, and communion with Nature, whether in wild scenery beside a waterfall, or a trickling stream, or in a bamboo grove, or the courtyard of a city dwelling. The garden is “the natural home of man” and house and garden were situated according to feng-shui (wind and water) influences in harmony with the currents of Ch’i; these were held in balance in both the house and garden, as in Nature, by the yin-yang forces. The yin lunar and yang solar powers were represented by the yin valleys and waters and the yang mountains and sky with all their endless yang and yin qualities such as sunshine and shadow, height and depth, heat and cold. However small the space utilized, the garden was never laid out as a flat expanse from which all could be viewed at once. This removal of any definite boundary made for succession, expansion, rhythm, and a sense of unlimited time and space. The garden, like Nature, is ever-changing, a place of light and shade with a life-breath (Ch’i yün) which is in harmony with the rhythms of the seasons and their contrasts in weather. Irregularity of line also suggests movement and life. “Everything that is ruled and symmetrical is alien to free nature.”[3] Or, as it has been said: “The awareness of change, the interaction symbolized by the yin-yang theory, has caused Chinese gardeners to seek irregular and unexpected features which appeal more to the imagination than to the reasoning faculty of the beholder. There were certain rules and principles for gardening, but these did not lead to any conformity. The basic elements were the same for landscape painting, shan shui or ‘mountain and water’”[4] which might be imposing scenery or simply a pond and rocks. The smallest space could be converted into an effect of depth, infinite extension, and mysterious distance; groves, rockeries, bushes, winding paths, all helped to lure on beyond the immediate scene. As Rowley says of Western and Chinese art: “We restrict space to a single vista as though seen through an open door; they suggest the unlimited space of nature as though they had stepped through that open door.” The entire garden must be considered in association and relationship with all things in Nature. Chang Ch’ao says: “Planting flowers serves to invite butterflies, piling up rocks serves to invite the clouds, planting pine trees serves to invite the wind,… planting banana trees serves to invite the rain, and planting willow trees serves to invite the cicada.” These are all traditional symbolic associations. In the past in China, though man was the mediator between Heaven and Earth, he was not the measure of the universe; his place was simply to maintain the balance and harmony between the yin and the yang. It was Nature which was the Whole, and controlling cosmic power. The garden helped man in his work of maintaining harmony; it also had an ethical significance and influence. According to Ch’ien Lung it had “a refreshing effect upon the mind and regulated the feelings” preventing man from becoming “engrossed in sensual pleasures and losing strength of will.” Its pleasures were simple, natural, and spiritual. A Suchou poet wrote of the garden: “One should enter it in a peaceful and receptive mood; one should use one’s observation to note the plan and pattern of the garden, for the different parts have not been arbitrarily assembled, but carefully weighed against each other like the pairs of inscribed tablets placed in the pavilions,[6] and when one has thoroughly comprehended the tangible forms of objects one should endeavor to attain an inner communication with the soul of the garden and try to understand the mysterious forces governing the landscape and making it cohere.” The garden was for all seasons with their changing moods and colors, flowers and trees, so the pavilion and open gallery were necessary for enjoyment in the heat of summer or the cold of winter and became an integral part of the scenery. Even in winter one sat out in the pavilion to admire the beauties of the snow and to watch the budding of the almond and plum blossom. A portable brazier of glowing charcoal kept one warm and a large brazier was used to melt the snow to make tea. The garden was particularly evocative by moonlight and the new and full moons, times of spiritual power, had their own festivals, especially the festival of the mid-autumn moon. Other festivals were also celebrated in the pavilion or garden; the vernal equinox, observed on the twelfth day of the second month of the Chinese year, was known as the Birthday of the Flowers. Pavilions and galleries obviously had to blend with their surroundings. The Yüan Yeh says: “Buildings should be placed so as to harmonize with the natural formation of the ground.” When pavilions were connected by galleries these followed the rise and fall and curves of the land or winding of the waters which were often crossed by bridges, bringing in all the symbolism of the crossing of the waters, of transition, of communication between one realm or plane and another, as well as of man as mediator, occupying the central position between the great powers. Added beauty and symbolism was introduced in the “moon bridge,” a lovely half-circle which when reflected in the clear water below formed the perfect circle of the full moon. Roofs were curved and painted and the lattice work of the balustrades was lacquered and painted in harmonizing and symbolic colors. Harmony and proportion had to be maintained but symmetry was alien to Nature, thus the garden contained no such thing as clipped lawns or hedges or stiff geometrically designed flower beds, or flowers marshaled in rows or patterns. And “landscaping” had to absorb buildings and, like planted trees, make them look as if they had grown there. “One erects a pavilion where the view opens and plants flowers that smile in the face of the spring breeze.”[7] It was a place for both relaxation and active enjoyment, for solitary meditation and study, or for convivial gatherings for friends to meet and drink tea or wine or take al fresco meals. There they composed poetry and music, painted, practiced calligraphy or discussed philosophy. One amusement was to compose a poem in the time that it took a floating wine cup and saucer to drift from one end to the other on a meandering water-course set in the floor of the pavilion. A poet failing to complete his poem in the time had to catch and empty the cup. These water-courses could also be constructed in symbolic forms such as the swastika, or the cross-form of the Chinese character for the number ten, or in the shape of a lotus or open flower. Sometimes the water tumbled over small waterfalls or rocks. Pavilions were given names such as the Pavilion of the Hanging Rainbow, the Fragrance of the Lotus, the Secret Clouds, the Eight Harmonious Tones, Invitation, or Contemplation, of the Moon, Welcoming Spring, Pleasant Coolness, and so on. In some gardens there were Halls of the Moon; these were constructed in the shape of a hemisphere, the vaulted ceiling painted to represent the nocturnal sky with innumerable small windows of colored glass depicting the moon and stars. The total effect was one of the subdued light of a summer’s night. Sometimes the floor was planted with flowers, but more usually it contained running water, the moon and water being closely allied: “The moon washes its soul in the clear waters,” but although moon and waters are both yin water is symbolically related to the sun since the waters catch and reflect back the sun’s light, the yang. These halls could be large enough for holding banquets or of a smallness suitable for intimate sitting about in conversation or listening to music and poetry. Here, in the garden, where heaven and earth meet, music and poetry become the natural form of the expression of harmony. While the pavilion was built in and for the garden and was open to it, this breaking down of the distinction between in and out of doors applied also to the dwelling house which was not only sited for feng-shui but for fitting as naturally as possible into the scenery and giving access so immediately to the garden that there seemed no dividing line. Doors either did not exist or were left open. (Socially, closed doors were not considered courteous since they implied exclusion, while the open door symbolized the welcome extended by the essentially outgoing Chinese temperament with its spontaneous and natural relationships developed over the ages in the highly socialized life of a large family). Doors were often only a means of enhancing a view into the garden or to the scenery beyond, such as the moon door, a beautifully placed circle framing some special outlook. Not only was every aspect used to its full natural advantage but “if one can take advantage of a neighbor’s view one should not cut off the communication, for such a ‘borrowed prospect’ is very acceptable.” The house opened on to the garden and the garden came into the house; rooms opened on to the courtyards where flowering trees grew and ferns and flowers fringed a central pool, usually with golden carp swimming in it, for the garden was a place for animal and bird life also. Indeed, animals and plants were not considered the only ‘living’ things; everything shares in the cosmic power and mountains and rivers also ‘live.’ Nor was it at all unusual for the house to go out into the garden, for the lover of nature would move a bed out of doors, beside some special tree, shrub, or flower which was coming into bloom, so that no stage of its development and beauty would be lost; or one would sit up all night to enjoy the effect of the moonlight. “The moonlight lies like glittering water over the countryside. The wind sighs in the trees and gently touches the lute and the book that lie on the couch. The dark rippled mirror of the water swallows the half-moon. When day dawns one is awakened by the fresh breeze; it reaches the bed and all the dust of the world is blown out of one’s mind.” The garden was not, however, merely aesthetic but creative and a reminder of, and contact with, the creative forces and the great cycle of the seasons, birth, maturity, decay, death and rebirth. The merging of the native Taoism with imported Buddhism in Ch’an, or Zen, carried on the tradition of the intimate relationship between man and Nature. Ch’an Buddhism and gardens were two facets of Chinese inspiration which were adopted and carried on by the Japanese, but in later decadent times the original symbolism of the garden as a reflection of Paradise was lost and gardens became mere pleasure grounds, except where attached to monasteries in which much of the symbolism was taken over and where the association with meditation remained. In those gardens of effete times artificial extravagances crept in; windows were made in shapes which bore no relationship to symbols, such as teapots, animals, vases, and fans, even if some of these forms had, in fact, a symbolic content. But these aberrations were stigmatized by the Yüan Yeh as “stupid and vulgar” and “intelligent people should be careful in such matters.” (Shades of plastic cranes and gnomes!) The garden was a reflection of the macrocosm and embodied all the yin-yang dualisms projected in manifestation. Mountains, valleys, rivers, lakes, were all represented. As Cheng Pan ch’iao said: “The enjoyment of life should come from a view regarding the universe as a garden… so that all beings live according to their nature and great indeed is such happiness.” The importance of water in the Chinese garden was not only due to yin-yang symbolism but to the wide significance of water itself as, next to the Dragon, the greatest Taoist symbol. It is strength in weakness, fluidity, adaptability, coolness of judgment, gentle persuasion, and passionlessness. While mountains and rocks are the bones of the body and the earth its flesh, rivers and streams are the arteries and blood, life-giver and fertilizer. Flowing water and still water symbolized movement and repose and the complementary opposites, and water-worn stones represented the interaction of the soft and the hard. Still water also takes on all the symbolism of the mirror. Water could be made by forming lakes and rivers in the earth excavated for making mountains, though mountains were most frequently represented by rocks, hollow and weather-worn, fretted out by the restless sea or the elements or formed from the strange shapes of petrified trees. These rocks were carefully selected for their color, texture, grain, and shape; some were upright and towering, others, larger at the top than at the base, gave the effect of disappearing into the clouds, others, lying down, took fantastic animal shapes, some gave out a note when struck, others were mute. Sometimes the rocks formed grottoes, but whatever the shape they always appeared as natural to the setting and were as near to the form of wild mountain crags as possible, giving the impression of Nature, untamed and capricious. (In this “naturalness” it must be remarked that the mountains of China in the Yangtze gorges, the far West, and the Southern provinces have been worked by nature herself into fantastic and sometimes grotesque shapes.) “Try to make your mountains resemble real mountains. Follow Nature’s plan” but “do not forget they have to be built by human hands.” Symbolically, the mountain is of course the world axis, but in the Chinese garden it also represented the yang power in Nature with the waters as the yin; the “mountain” is traditionally placed in the middle of a lake or pond, the rock being the stable and eternal, the water the flowing and temporal. This mountain-and-water (shan shui) symbolism also obtains in landscape painting. The rock and the shadow it casts are also yang and yin. Rocks are “silent, unmovable, and detached from life, like refined scholars.” Their ruggedness also suggests the challenging and dangerous element in the mountains and in life. In larger gardens the mountains were sufficiently high for the formation of small valleys and dales, with winging streams opening out into lakes on which boat journeys could be taken and where the water could be spanned by bridges. Sometimes a series of islands or rocks were so connected. Tunnels in the rocks gave the same effect and carried the same symbolism as bridges in passing from one world to another. But “even a little mountain may give rise to many effects… a small stone may evoke many feelings.”[11] Shen Fu says: “In the designing of a rockery or the training of flower trees one should try to show the small in the large and the large in the small and provide for the real in the unreal and the unreal in the real. One reveals and conceals alternately, making it sometimes apparent and sometimes hidden.” Both the yang mountain and the yin tree are axial and so represent stability and balance between the two great powers; they also offer a line of communication for man between the celestial yang forces coming down to earth and the earthly yin forces reaching up to heaven, with man again as central and responsible for the maintenance of balance and harmony in responding equally to the yin and yang powers. Trees were an essential feature of both the domestic and hermitage garden, particularly the latter where they were often the only addition made by man to the natural scenery and their variety was almost as important as the trees themselves. While all trees are beautiful and symbolize the feminine power, some were especially noted for their yin-yang qualities. Though yin as a tree, the pine and cedar express yang masculine dignity and rigidity in contrast to the feminine gracefulness, pliability, and charm of the willow, both these trees were considered necessary to maintain the yin-yang harmony. Flowering trees such as the almond, cherry, plum, and peach were esteemed—one should say loved—for their beauty and their symbolism. The almond, as the first flower of the year, is in many traditions the Awakener, watchfulness. As flowering in winter it is also courage in adversity. The cherry depicts delicacy of feeling and purity of feeling on the yin side and nobility on the yang. The plum, a symbol of winter and beauty signified strength and longevity and the hermit. It is one of the favorite subjects for artists and the plum, pine, and bamboo were called “the three friends of winter.” The almond and plum are both symbolic of new life coming in spring, but the plum should have a gnarled trunk and branches, called sleeping dragons, as the yang to offset the delicate blossoms of the yin; they also represent the old and new together. Just as lovers of the garden would move their beds out under trees, so we read of artists who wandered all night in the moonlight to catch every phase of the beauty of “the dry limbs clad in jade-white blooms.”
The peach holds a special position as the tree of the Taoist genii or Immortals; it is the Tree of Life at the center of Paradise. It is also the Tree of Immortality and one bite of the fruit growing on the tree in Paradise confers immediate immortality. Peach stones were apotropaic and were beautifully and symbolically carved and kept, or worn, as amulets and talismans. The tree is a symbol of spring, youth, marriage, wealth, and longevity.
Preeminent among flowers were the lotus, peony, and chrysanthemum. The peony is the only purely yang flower. Flowers, with their cup shape, naturally depict the yin receptive aspect in nature, but the peony is a royal flower, flaunting the red, fiery, masculine color; it is also nobility, glory, riches. The chrysanthemum, on the other hand, is a flower of quiet retirement, the beloved flower of the cultured scholar, the retired official, who was of course also a scholar, the philosopher, and poet. It was so much cultivated in retirement that it became a symbol of that life and of leisure. It signifies longevity as being that which survives the cold and as autumnal it is harvest and wealth, but it is primarily ease, leisure, joviality, and enjoyment. Yüan Chung-lang said that the retired and the scholar were fortunate in having “the enjoyment of the hills and water, flowers and bamboo” largely to themselves since “luckily they lie outside the scope of the strugglers for fame and power who are so busy with their engrossing pursuits that they have no time for such enjoyment.”
But the lotus, a universal symbol in the East (its symbolism is taken on by the lily and sometimes the rose in the West) is “the flower that was in the Beginning, the glorious lily of the Great Waters… that wherein existence comes to be and passes away.” It is both yin and yang and contains within itself the balance of the two powers; it is solar as blooming in the sun and lunar as rising from the dark of the waters of pre-cosmic chaos. As the combination of air and water it symbolizes spirit and matter; its roots bedded in the darkness of the mud depict indissolubility; its stem, the umbilical cord of life, attaches man to his origins and is also a world axis; rising through the opaque waters of the manifest world, the leaves and flowers reach and unfold in the air and sunlight, typifying potentiality in the bud and spiritual expansion and realization in the flower; its seeds, moving on the waters are creation. The lotus is associated with the wheel both as the solar matrix and the sun-wheel of cycles of existence. Iamblichus calls it perfection, since its leaves, flowers, and fruit form the circle. As lunar-solar, yin-yang, the lotus is also the androgyne, the self-existent. It has an inexhaustible symbolism in Hinduism, Taoism, and Buddhism alike. Again it appears as both solar and lunar associated with sun gods such as Surya and lunar goddesses such as Lakshmi; solar with Amitabha and lunar with Kwan-yin and androgynous in Kwannon. The lotus is the Golden Flower of Taoism, the crystallization and experience of light, the Tao. While on the spiritual level it represents the whole of birth, growth, development, and potentiality, on the mundane level it depicts the scholar-gentleman who comes in contact with mud and dirty water but is uncontaminated by it. Apart from its almost endless symbolism, the lotus is a flower of great beauty and highly evocative; as Osvald Sirén says, a sheet of lotus blossom “emanates a peculiar magic, an atmosphere that intoxicates like fragrant incense and lulls like the rhythms of a rising and falling mantra.” Ancient China understood many things which are only now reaching the West and being hailed as new discoveries. She anticipated by centuries the “discovery” that flowers and plants have feelings. Yüan Chung-lang knew that they have their likes and dislikes and compatibilities among other vegetation and that they respond to care and appreciation in more than a material way. The flowers in a Chinese garden were genuinely loved, but not in any “precious” aestheticism, rather in an intimate relationship between living individuals. He said that “flowers have their moods of happiness and sorrow and their time of sleep.… When they seem drunk, or quiet and tired, and when the day is misty, that is the sorrowful mood of flowers.… When they bask in the sunlight and their delicate bodies are protected from the wind, that is the happy mood of flowers.… When the ancient people knew a flower was about to bud they would move their beds and pillows and sleep under it watching how the flower passed from infancy to maturity and finally dropped off and died.… As for all forms of noisy behavior and common vulgar prattle, they are an insult to the spirits of flowers. One should rather sit dumb like a fool than offend them.”[13] Among things which flowers dislike are: too many guests; ugly women putting flowers in their hair; dogs fighting; writing poems by consulting a rhyming dictionary; books kept in bad condition; spurious paintings; and common monks talking Zen! On the other hand they do like a visiting monk who understands tea! Picked flowers and vases of flowers should never be regarded as normal, only as a temporary expedient employed by those living in cities and unnatural places deprived of the hills and lakes or any garden. For the town-dweller or for one kept indoors of necessity the miniature garden was created; though it was also seen in pavilions it was most usually on the tables of scholars. It, too, symbolized Paradise, the Isles of the Blessed, or the Abode of the Immortals reflected in miniature perfection with the whole range of the yin-yang symbolism. Exceptionally beautiful stones or shells were used and there were miniature grottoes, trees, bamboos, and grasses growing among the mountains, valleys, and waters. The making of these gardens was an art in itself; just as Wang Wei maintained that the artist can bring all Nature into the space of a small painting, so the creator of a garden, large, small, or miniature can concentrate the cosmos within its bounds. Enclosing the whole garden in the city, or where the extent of the garden was limited, was the wall which was used not only as a boundary but as a setting for trees, shrubs, and flowers; it could also provide an aperture which opened up some special view. In the city, where space was restricted, walls were often a garden in themselves, sometimes built with considerable width with a roof-garden effect or with trees and shrubs planted on top and flowers and ferns in the crevices below. Enclosing walls also helped to make the city garden a place where one could find “stillness in turmoil.” Apart from the symbolism of the enclosed garden the walls brought in the yin-yang significance of the interplay of light and shade. Today China joins the industrial nations of the world in “exploiting” Nature. Hideous concrete blocks of flats, offices, and factories insulate man from any contact with the yellow earth and, sadly, Seyyed Hossein Nasr’s words can be applied: “There is nearly total disequilibrium between modern man and nature as attested by nearly every expression of modern civilization which seeks to offer a challenge to nature rather than to cooperate with it.… The harmony between man and nature has been destroyed.”
I've got a horrible cold at the moment, so I thought I'd go to Drusillas to cheer myself up, reasoning that it would be a nice peaceful place to spend a weekday in term-time. Wrong, oh so wrong! As I arrived 6 coach loads of school children were disembarking in the car park. Not surprisingly many of the animals ran for cover. I did consider leaping over a fence and joining them, but instead took a quick walk around to see if any of the animals were brave enough to withstand the squealing onslaught. Mya and Anmar, the red panda cubs who were born last June, were dozing in a tree and appeared completely unconcerned. Impressive. :)
I went to see "Book of Mormon" in London during the year and so, by some convoluted reasoning, the Watchtower reminded me of them:-)
This tower on the foreshore in Malta is one of a defensive line established by the Knights of St. John to warn of hostiles approaching the islands. Right beside it is a "Fougasse" or mortar (as in the gun) This was a huge hole in the ground which had gunpowder at the bottom and loaded with stones. In the event that enemy boats entered the bay to land on the shore below the fuse was lit, the gunpowder exploded and a shower of rock and stone peppered the bay to slaughter and cause confusion in the enemy. In the distance are two other towers and each could pass messages to the others by means of semaphore or mirrors.
Wikipedia says:Madliena Tower was built in 1658 on the north shore of Malta, on high ground above the shore west of Ras l-Irqiqa in Madliena, Pembroke. It was built on or near the site of a medieval watch post.[2] To the west the tower has sight of Saint Mark's Tower, and to the east is Saint George's Tower. The tower originally followed the standard design of the De Redin towers, having a square plan with two floors and a turret on the roof. Sometime after 1741, a fougasse was dug in the rocks close to the tower.
The above top two images are pictures of cosmic background radiation, one provided the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) and the second from top, a more recent image, is from the Planck probe in even higher resolution. WMAP and Planck were small spacecraft equipped with microwave telescopes, or receivers, sent out into deep space by NASA and the European Space agency respectively. The bottom two images show how the visual field is construed from two overlapping monocular fields (‘Visual Field’, n.d.), and a representation of my subjective visual field as I watch a detail from Van Gogh's Starry Night, complete with the occluding nose(s).
Recently, over the past 10 years, increasing evidence has been found that there are a number of anomalies in the cosmic background radiation that deviate, in structured ways, from a random (Gaussianly) distributed universe (see Trosper, 2014, for an excellent layman's introduction).
The universe appears to have a preferred alignment with which even our solar system conforms (Huterer, 2007). Groeneboom and Eriksen's (2009; see also Carroll, n.d.) analysis of the US WMAP data found two poles (shown as red dots in the image second from top).
More recent analyses of WMAP and Planck space probe data have found an jokily named "axis of evil" (Land & Magueijo, 2005; Aron, Jacob, 2013) which is shown in the second image above as a white line through the cosmic background radiation data. On each side of this axis there are statistically significant asymmetries in overall temperature (Yoho, Copi, Starkman, & Kosowsky, 2014), quasar light polarisation (Hutsemekers, 2014, slide 53-56), and right/left galaxy spin (Longo, 2007, 2008) prompting the latter author to suggest that the universe has a "handedness" about this "axis".
Since the WMAP and Planck probe data correspond with each other, even though collected from difference coordinates in different ways, it is unlikely that this is some "foreground" distortion produced by the measurement apparatus, or local interference such as the effect of our sun. This article will argue that the previous research has not considered the "foreground" at close-quarters enough.
These anomalies have seriously challenged the way that physicists see the universe, prompting one team to ask "Is everything we know about the universe wrong?" (Sawangwit & Shanks, 2010).
(Skip this bit till the line of asterisks ********** if you have read my other posts on this topic )
As already discussed, Ernst Mach, as well as Buddhist philosophers and Aristotle, have hypothesised that the stuff of the universe is our sensations (mind, soul) and specifically our visual field (Mach, 1897). According to this view, "things", "matter", "galaxies", "particles" are the theories and hypotheses that we have to explain sensations.
After reading Mach's phenomenalism, and the closely related Humian empiricism, Einstein postulated his theory of special relativity and the principle of invariant light speed (see Norton, 2010). As a consequence, there is a prohibition of motion faster than light. That the speed limit of the whole universe just so happens to be that of the fastest sense of recently evolved carbon based life form called "humans" on a cosmic speck called "the Earth" is no coincidence. This fortuitousness - which would otherwise be preposterous -- can easily be explained from a Machian holistic perspective (Takemoto, 2014). If the stuff of the universe is our sensations, then it is a tautology that nothing can go faster than the speed of our fastest sensation, light. As an interpretation of our visual field, the universe is of course made of this "light". Phenomenalist, empiricist reasoning of this type be used to explain other properties of the universe.
Particularly, (as discussed here) recent advances in string theory have suggests that the universe is flat, or "holographic," (Susskind, 1995) again, as is our visual field. The hypothesis that we live in a holograph is now being tested by the Fermi lab (Hogan, 2013) and the results are expected soon, but the fact that the universe is within 0.4% of flat has already by demonstrated by the WMAP CBR data (NASA/WMAP Science Team, 2012). If the universe is genuinely flat and three dimensionality an "emergent property" then for me this can not be explained in any non-Machian way: a flat "holographic universe" can only be an interpretation of our, human sensations. But there is still more evidence.
Still more recent research to explain the anomalies in the Cosmic Background Radiation data suggest that one way of of explaining some of the anomalies is to conclude that the universe is not spherical but ellipsoidal (Campanelli, Cea, Fogli, & Tedesco, 2011; Cea, 2014, see my earlier post). This theory does not seem to have caught on because physicists -- still convinced of a "The Matrix"-like, Kantian 'real world' out there, behind appearances, I presume -- can see no explanation as to why the universe should be elliptical. NASA astrophysicist Gary Hinshaw is quoted as saying, "It is actually difficult to understand how an ellipsoidal model would arise 'naturally' in cosmology, so the burden switches from explaining a very mild 'anomaly' to explaining a fundamentally new feature of our universe,"(Choi, Charles, Q, 2006).
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If the "universe" is our interpretation of our sensations and in particular the visual field, that vast ellipse of light that we find before (or engulfing) us, then it seems appropriate that the theory and data regarding the universe should conform to the subjective experience shown in the bottom image. Van Gogh's swirls suggest that he may have been able to see asymmetries in his visual perception. I am subjectively unaware of them, but research on visual perception demonstrates that such asymmetries exist.
I suggest therefore, that the anomalies in the cosmic background radiation data may be explained by consideration of asymmetries of the human visual field and visual cortex. Our visual field is formed from the unification of two roughly circular monocular two dimensional fields which means that is approximately elliptical.
Furthermore, it has been known for some time to psychologists and neuroscientists that there the visual field has horizontal and vertical asymmetric properties. For example there is left-right asymmetry in the processing of local and global visual information. Navon figures such as that below
T
T
T
T
T T T T
are processed faster globally (as in this case an L) in the left visual field and processed faster locally (as in the above case as a T) in the right visual field (Yovel, Yovel, & Levy, 2001; McKone et al., 2010).
This asymmetry in local and global processing parallels asymmetries in low versus high visuo-spatial frequency. "Spatial frequency refers to the number of dark-light cycles per unit of space - the more cycles per unit of space, the higher the spatial frequency (Hellige, 1996, p487)."
There are also differences in visual processing between the upper and lower parts of the human visual field (Genzano, Di Nocera, & Ferlazzo, 2001).
These vertical asymmetries sometimes match those found in the left-right asymmetry (e.g. Christman, 1993) where recognition of local features (the Ts in the above) of Navon figures is better in the upper left visual hemifields, than in the lower right.
In a different type of discrimination task Berardi & Fiorentini, (1991) found the opposite difference in ability but the same morphology. They write "The data shown in Fig. 1, A and B, confirm the previously observed asymmetry between the left and the right visual hemified, probably reflecting hemispheric specialization (Fiorentini & Berardi, 1984). A superiority of the lower hemifield with respect to the upper hemifield was also observed in the present discrimination task."
This and other results finding visual processing differences separated along an axis including the left and lower, as opposed to the right and upper quadrants of the visual field, presents a pattern of processing ability in the shape of a rotated 'S' axis or Taoism symbol similar to an inverted form of the CBR "axis of evil," where the left side is extended across the top, and the right side extended across the bottom. In other words, the Taoism symbol morphology appears to be shared by both the cosmos and human visual field/cortex. I argue that the morphological similarities between the visual field and the universe are in all cases, no coincidence. These asymmetries of the visual field may explain the different "temperature" of the hot and cool "lobes of the universe" (Huterer, 2007) on either side of the CBR "axis of evil."
I am probably imagining the similarity between the asymmetry of the laminar distribution in the human visual cortex (Eickhoff, Rottschy, Kujovic, Palomero-Gallagher, & Zilles, 2008) and the asymmetry of the WMAP and Planck CBR power spectrum (see Bennett et al., 2013, pp 37-38 and Francis, 2013 respectively), but the point of this article is that both are asymmetrical, have a similar morphology, and this is predicted by a phenomenalist, empiricist or holistic interpretation of both, really the same, sets of data (Takemoto, 2014). I don't seriously entertain this notion but perhaps the "cold spots" occluded by "supervoids" (Szapudi et al., others, 2015) found in the CBR map of the universe, might correspond to the blind spots in our visual field.
In other research on visual field asymmetries in mental rotation abilities, (Burton, Wagner, Lim, and Levy (1992) found that clockwise mental rotations are performed faster in the left visual field were counterclockwise rotations are performed faster in the right visual field. These visual processing asymmetries parallel the galaxy rotation asymmetries found by Longo (2007, 2008).
Finally to test this hypothesis I attempt to find a novel feature of the cosmic background data, predicted by research on the visual field. One of the most cited evolutionarily sound asymmetries in visual field processing, and the reason perhaps why bifocal glasses are so easy to adapt to, is that proposed by Previc (1990): the upper visual field is more adept at processing distant stimuli than the lower visual field. Is there a similar phenomena is present in the cosmic background data? I was initially unaware of any such parallel.
It would seem that the answer is very possibly yes. An anomalous "dark flow" (Kashlinsky, Atrio-Barandela, Kocevski, & Ebeling, 2009) of galaxies away from us into the distance. This happens to occur, fortuitously or not, in the upper half of diagrams of the cosmic background radiation. Some cosmologists are arguing that dark flow suggests the presents of another universe sucking galaxies into the distance. Others have argued that the movement suggests that the universe is at a tilt (Atrio-Barandela, Kashlinsky, Ebeling, Kocevski, & Edge, 2012). If part, and in some sense the "upper part" of the universe were to found to be tilted away then this might correspond to the way in which the visual field is titled in its specialization toward foreground and distant visual processing. The dark flow anomaly remains controversial but one of the main proponents Dr. Kashlinsky is quoted as saying "This flow suggested that the universe had somehow become lopsided, as if space-time itself was behaving like a tilted table and matter was sliding off" (Maggine, McKee, 2013). I rest my case.
Conclusion
In any event, as science finds more similarities between experience and the universe as a whole, we shall perhaps be persuaded that the distant stars are, in a sense, not so distant at all. I am not of course suggesting that will suddenly be able to touch the stars. But to be realistic, there should be a reversal in our understanding of the nature of the universe. Sensations are often thought of as data to help us understand the rational scientific universe "out there" (e.g. Jackson, 1986) . It is really rather the case that, as Mach (1897) and Hume (1739) argued, that the rational scientific universe is a matrix of information and hypotheses, blather not matter, that serves to facilitate our understand our sensations, the stuff, the being of the universe.
Afterword
As always, I end by asking, what keeps the the stars out there? What separates us from the world? I suggest it is because we think we have someone with us as we watch our sensations, the stars. This convinces us that the Kantian 'thing it itself' is more than a hypothesis, more than a kind of simulation or role playing game .
This suggestion may seem a very depressing solipsism each being trapped inside our own private black hole. But it could also be argued, on the contrary, that the unreal "spirit of gravity" (Nietzsche, 2006) with whom I pretend to converse, prevents me from realising that universe of which I am a part, is itself part of the multiverse (Good, 1972), and that we are connected. In the words of Terrence Mallick, (Malick, 1999) we each stand in the others light.
Image second from bottom
www.vision-and-eye-health.com/visual-field.html
Should you wish that I cease and desist please be so kind as to comment below or contact me via the email link at nihonbunka.com
Bibliography
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Meeting point for persons interested in the Rastafarian culture
Traditional reference at the festival for all those who are interested in approaching the Rastafari livity or are simply curious to learn more about it. A space to reflect upon and discuss around this theme.
House Of Rastafari, features Nyabinghi chants, Reasoning Grounds, art and photography exhibits, as well as fundrising activities to support solidarity projects in Ethiopia and Jamaica.
Program:
rototomsunsplash.com/en/area/house-of-rastafari/
Rototom SunSplash 26º European Reggae Festival.
Benicàssim 16-22 August 2019 (Spain)
A row of arches overlooking the hills, Amber Fort; Jaipur, Rajasthan.
This fort served as the capital for the Maharajas of this region, until Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh felt that the time was right to start a new city, which he named after himself - Jaipur.
His reasoning was based on the fact that he had entered into an agreement with the fierce Mughal rulers based in nearby Agra (now in Uttar Pradesh) to marry his daughter to a prince - this lead to peace, and him being the Commander of the Mughal Army. As Mughal power waned he felt it was safe to expand his kingdom and seat of power.
There are a number of forts in Jaipur including the older Jaigarh Fort, next to this one, and the newer City Palace which was established once the city was built. Part of this palace is also open to the public and the current (titleless) Maharaja resides there when he is not in the UK.
Lothian's night services commence from Princes Street just after Midnight and in recent years it's been the practice to try and keep these routes on the same service numbers as their daytime equivalents. Presumably the reasoning behind this is for passengers at night to recognise their own local buses with greater familiarity.
Despite appearances this Stock Brig Eclipse, one of 11 orange tops branded for Service 29 (fleet numbers 140-150) is about to start its duties for the N30 service way out to Clovenstone. Volvo B7RLE Wright Urban Eclipse 150 (SN07 CGG) is showing its slip board with the £3 flat fare for everyone travelling and perhaps one of these chaps already seated will get a wee chat with the lady who's boarding.
Today something incredible happened, and it wasn't even me-
involved in it's opportune, otherworldly fathom
of emotion drowned in the pool of life's missing gene
where a pulled plug allowed an echo to swim in a ethereal agendum
intoxicated with sobriety, here is a place to ponder all that lay between-
the passing, the mourning, a loved one...now shadows the passage of life to the highest degree
Nothing could have prepared today, Thursday, for the written word so sedulous
September 1, 2007; pen touched the paper of the book opened this day
read with such spirit as to be completely carried away beyond years,
beyond fears, the tears trace the missing words unspoken in a life they now miraculously portray
goosebumps focus attention upon the realisation it nears
such words you will never hear, yet the feeling within may bound the character so insulous
Nobody ever thought it could happen like this, not this way
it is tear-inducing, thought-provoking, life-questioning...all of fluvial emotion,
the entrails over the sky of living heart and sunlit Soul
could it be anywhere other than right here, somehow just a superstitious notion?
or not quite...this event like a chevron Cirrus patrolling sunset's starlit rôle
the final appeasement of past hurts which reverence gives away
Now, into thirds Thursday prefers cursory words without recourse to being disturbed
it's a right Heavenly jump staged not to frighten, but to console
playing a hand well beyond the science of motivated reasoning
this is pure, and simple, yet deeper than the depths of pain now healing with a belief to extol
that firmness of mind, devout and true, heeds to the stoic premise of human seasoning
where shock subsides hope now resides, unfurling so seemly unto Earth unperturbed
if solace is spiritual let it be so, if proof is needed let is prove so
through individual taste desire is sought; unique digestion of each hinterland
familiarity is witnessed best when the eyes remain closed, but so perceptive-
woods and trees, scarlet sunset thieves, are the nights getting longer throughout our dreamy heartland?
a picture of the mind, within and beside itself is the vision of plenitude that fills a sorrow receptive,
there is no call...none that echo greater than the one already answered ages ago.
by anglia24
September 2008
©2008anglia24
for Tatay...RIP.
I do like a nice rack...................
I know the lore of the other model used and understand the reasoning for Bethesda choosing that extinct creature. But I do like a bit of making my game feel like home
Here are two options in round two for our series in the life of Elijah. Trying to simplifiy the idea. It's been tricky to break down the many stories and possible visual cues into a simplified visual message. Round one was a little to armageddony as well.
Here was round one:
www.flickr.com/photos/danvandesign/6029574101/in/photostr...
Audience: All Church
Direction: I was given the title and told it would be covering the ministry of Elijah. I tried to include references to the different stories in his ministry that will be featured in the sermon series. ie showdown on mt carmel, fed by the ravens, the drought, and the firey chariot exit.
Project: Sermon Series, study guide cover and other promotion
Other important info: Looking for some help. I had the original concept in my head and now trying to work it out in real life in an effective manner.
Any preference between the two and reasoning.
Thanks
On arrival at Lillyhall for my shift this morning this visitor loomed out of the mist.
ALX300 No.22141 has recently been outshopped as a training vehicle.
Presumably the reasoning is that if you can drive this you can drive anything 'cause of the myriad of types I've driven over the years these are by far the worst.
Seat's too low and the steering wheel can't be adjusted, meaning that only contortionists need apply.
Who would win in a race: Speed Racer, Racer X, or Mister Incredible?
Place your idea on who will win (and your reasoning behind it) below!
When the first ljad infected human on Gliese 581 came into contact with a Toa'k it forever changed the ljad, The ljad lost all sense of ethical reasoning and became a heartless killing machine void of sympathy....we call them d'voyd...
I don't know if that's literally true, but it's a great way of reminding us of loved ones who are no longer with us in this physical world. So I like the saying, and I always love it when I get the chance to see the cardinals.
And the subject of Heaven is always intriguing. Of course, I have always tried to have faith, but I've always left a foot in the door because the reasoning side of my brain is quite stubborn. It's the same reason I doubt 'Climate Change' is caused by man, or controllable by man without wholesale annihilation of the human race. Numbers don't lie, but men do. And numbers can be and often are manipulated to say whatever someone wants them to say. But that's a story for another day.. I was talking about Heaven.
If there's anything we should know about Science, it's that there is precious little scientific fact that isn't always evolving. The more we know, the more we realize what we don't know, and what we thought we knew, was all wrong. Especially in the realm of astronomy, where so much of what we know is actually conjecture and extrapolation from what we *do* know.
Science has just learned that the physical world we see, feel, touch, smell, hear, and touch all around us is only a tiny percentage of the mass in the universe. All the stars in the galaxy, all the planets, moons, and quasars in the sky.. All the collections of galaxies and the trillions of worlds they contain.. All the fishes in the sea, and the seas they swim in, are all crumbs upon the table of what truly exists..
The rest, which they are calling Dark Matter and Dark Energy is in a form that Science can't explain. They can't see it, although they believe it is all around and in us all the time. They can't detect it in any yet known way, but they know it's there. Essentially they are saying that this Dark Energy, this Dark Matter is in another dimension that exists in the same space as ordinary matter, and has demonstrable effects on ordinary matter, but is in a form we can't see, hear, feel, or be detected by our finest instruments..
So, that stubborn side of my brain that needs to see to believe, wonders.. is there some reason Heaven can't be in another dimension? Is there some reason that our spirits couldn't in fact real be real, made of that "dark energy", and simply dwell in our bodies for a time, and for the reasons we're taught when we're babies?
Perhaps this is the reason we can't see spirits, or communicate directly with those who have passed. Perhaps they are in fact all around us when they have the time to visit. And who knows.. Perhaps sometimes they *do* give us a sign that they are there to give us hope, faith, and comfort..
And if it's not true, what harm does it do, to believe? What harm does it do to smile when a cardinal winks at me from his perch?
People, right from the start, try to change your way of thinking.
"You're wrong. That's wrong. That's bad."
and that's the way it spreads. one person to the next.
yet, they lose reasoning.
WHY is it wrong? WHY is it bad?
the only answer left is "because everyone says it is."
Individuality is not something to be ashamed of.
In the apparent chaos of the Esfahan Bazaar and its twisting, branching system of interconnected corridors occasionally you come across something that throws you, that seems to defy reasoning. Sometimes a locked in mosque in a blindingly bright sunlit opening, other times a mysterious brown tower visible through a few openings in the canopy above with seemingly no entrance, every so often on the path an exquisitely detailed fountain shielded from the sky by solid tall walls and a roof of small red bricks.
The people did things that I didn't understand, they seemingly obsessively pour water on the ground outside their stalls and at midday, even though they are indoors in the cool shade, they drape a small rug and sleep in their shops, wares left unattended. The labyrinth is deathly quiet for an hour and any attempt to blend in with the locals is lost in the very fact that you are still conscious (be aware of this, once i was invited for lunch in a man's home and found myself obliged to sleep on his living room floor afterwards!).
From a busy road in the bazaar there is a small passage that slopes down, duck down this passable street and find yourself in the beating heart of the bazaar, far from the pretty craftwork and walls lined with jewellery and clothes.
This is the bird market, patroned only by locals. It's like a western butchers but without the morals swept under the counter, you buy it, you kill it, you eat it.
Except for these lovely little things though, they're dyed for a seasonal celebration.
9/365
I'm not completely happy with this but i was running out of light and ideas. I figure the point of a 365 is to develop, not to outdo yourself everyday.
Anyways my reasoning for not posting yesterday (or taking a picture for that matter) was I had homecoming and a dance. Both sucked, but at the dance a get went crazy and had to get the stun gun. Needless to say, he is in juvi for the next six months.
Micronesian, islander worldviews differ, in degree, although not in kind, from western logic; scientific; and also, religious perspectives. They offer provocative alternative ways of thinking about the world and our place in it - Conceptual Outlines of Correlative Nondual, Dual, and Monist Philosophies.
As cultural misunderstanding is often due to people’s inability to navigate between correlative nondual worldviews and ways of knowing, versus modern logic and scientific thinking. Logic, as a branch of Philosophy, studies the processes of reasoning; that is, the means by which evidence is used to make claims or draw conclusions. Academic logicians emphasize that statements are either true or false. A statement’s truth-value is founded on three principles of logical reasoning, namely: identity (true is true), the excluded middle (true or false), and noncontradiction (not, both true and false). In academic and scientific thinking, the contextual situation and the subjects’ experiences are important only to the extent that they impact, influence, and effect how a person determines the truth-value of the premises and conclusion of an argument. The enigma of the external world is never fully decoded by linguistic expressions. In Pacific correlative thinking, knowledge based on statements is only a minor part of a complex truth-reality perspective that must be manifested in the way the knower exhibits and lives, the aesthetic, moral, and intellectual virtues in everyday life. The community of knowers maintain the knowledge base in the cultural practices and beliefs, such as their rituals and moral practices of prohibition, beliefs regarding the interplay between cosmic-order and social-order, and their ontological worldview impacting beliefs in the sky-world, afterlife, spirit-body relation, how their cosmology influences navigation, and so on
Dr Brian May looking tired but working hard to get across the points and reasons why the Badger Cull should not be allowed to happen .Please help make his hard reasoning and work worth it by signing epetitions.direct.gov.uk/petitions/38257 to #StopTheBadgerCull
When asked to be photographed or asked for his autograph with fans after ,each time his eyes lit up and he gave a broad warm smile.... but then returned the tired serious look as this campaign to help the Badgers,Wildlife and even the farmers of this country is straining on his face and his gentle sincere nature..As he left the meeting there was the usual banter of a tired family in a hurry to get home and rest after a busy day, you know that just get in the car moment ! ,, when your day is done ..I noticed this morning that despite his tiredness Dr Brian had still tweeted near midnight to his followers when he got home to thank people for their hospitality and support as his courteous good nature required . I hope that anyone who has not heard Dr Brian May or his team of scientists and x farmer will go and find out what they are saying online via UTube videos of their talks ,Facebook pages Twitter links or where ever they can as they have some very reasonable and valid things to say why Badgers should be vaccinated against TB and not shot as the government wants. It would be just rude and ignorant to dismiss these polite and educated gentlemen without hearing them out..
UK Citizens
BADGERS NEED YOU TO GET 250,000 BY END APRIL FOR CHANCE OF LEGALLY BINDING VOTE! #teambadger epetitions.direct.gov.uk/petitions/38257 Number of voices signed so far 200.346 !
Please Share
Come on All Non UK Residents who love Badgers ! this is your chance to help stop the Cull of England's Badgers ,Please help and sign here !
Urge the British Government to abandon the cruel and unscientific badger cull - The Petition Sitehttp://www.thepetitionsite.com www.thepetitionsite.com/238/025/972/urge-the-british-gove...
We, the undersigned, call on the government to stop the planned cull of badgers on the following... (753 signatures on petition)
Dr Brian Mays closed at Number of signatures:
303,941
This broke previous records for the number of signatures a petition had received before ,well done Bri and all who signed!
Stop the badger cull NOW - e-petitions epetitions.direct.gov.uk/petitions/54685 #StopTheBadgerCull New Petition! I signed yesterday, your turn Please Today!
I'm wondering what reasoning GADOT uses for these 'signs on a stick.' Anyone know why?
Near Midway, GA. April 2019.
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If you would like to use THIS picture in any sort of media elsewhere (such as newspaper or article), please send me a Flickrmail or send me an email at natehenderson6@gmail.com
Americans always have such funny names, don't they? The London evening papers were full of the alleged murder in New York by Johnny Phlegm or Sid Spit or some such name, of his girlfriend, Nancy Spungen, The victim's name, funnier because real, was somehow more memorable. I think the alleged perpetrator, who was the member of a "punk" singing beat combo, died of a drug overdose before he could be brought to trial, thereby ensuring his indefinite "cult status" among people of impaired reasoning ability. Punk was long after my time and I did not recognise the name ...or, rather, nom de guerre... of the detained man. I provide these details for "context" you understand. So, without intending to make light of the tragic fate of these rather vapid young people ...victims of the false ideas of a false age... the matter rather passed me by. Omnibological events concerned me more. There it is, I'm afraid: in a world overflowing with tragedy, one's compassion will only go so far. Thousands killed in an earthquake on the other side of the world mean less than a road accident at the end of the street.
It was Friday 13th October 1978 and, in the forecourt of Kingston Station, a watery sun had finally broken through the day-long fog. Only a matter of days old, the B-series Leyland National was of little interest to me, photographably novel only in the sense of being new. The B-series was one of the staging posts by which the National gradually improved during its production life. The most notable change was that buyers were no longer obliged to accept the heating and "air-conditioning" (laughter) of the original model, and the unsightly "pod" on the roof was dispensed with. More to my taste was the former London Transport RMC behind, though the Routemaster was never a great favourite of mine.
The concept of imagination and exploring forces of the unknown. This idea allows for the viewer to look at an image and begin to create their own reasoning and answers as to why things appear the way they do.
In this particular shot I wanted to explore the idea of my hand resisting the tension of a stringed web that attempts to pull each finger back, opposed to the reality where I am clinching my hand to become a fist.
Expect to see more images in this fashion. :)
(Dirty wall, not sensor haha)
she isn't in a killing game, just here to show Clarice's reasoning for doing what she did. feel free to ask questions
Rapid strata formation in soft sand (field evidence).
Photo of strata formation in soft sand on a beach, created by tidal action of the sea.
Formed in a single, high tidal event. Stunning evidence which displays multiple strata/layers.
Why this is so important ....
It has long been assumed, ever since the 17th century, that layers/strata observed in sedimentary rocks were built up gradually, layer upon layer, over many years. It certainly seemed logical at the time, from just looking at rocks, that lower layers would always be older than the layers above them, i.e. that lower layers were always laid down first followed, in time, by successive layers on top.
This was assumed to be true and became known as the superposition principle.
It was also assumed that a layer comprising a different material from a previous layer, represented a change in environmental conditions/factors.
These changes in composition of layers or strata were considered to represent different, geological eras on a global scale, spanning millions of years. This formed the basis for the Geologic Column, which is used to date rocks and also fossils. The evolutionary, 'fossil record' was based on the vast ages and assumed geological eras of the Geologic Column.
There was also circular reasoning applied with the assumed age of 'index' fossils (based on evolutionary preconceptions) used to date strata in the Geologic Column.
We now know that, although these assumptions seemed logical, they are not supported by the evidence.
At the time, the mechanics of stratification were not properly known or studied.
An additional factor was that this assumed superposition and uniformitarian model became essential, with the wide acceptance of Darwinism, for the long ages required for progressive microbes-to-human evolution. There was no incentive to question or challenge the superposition, uniformitarian model, because the presumed, fossil 'record' had become dependant on it, and any change in the accepted model would present devastating implications for Darwinism.
This had the unfortunate effect of linking the study of geology so closely to Darwinism, that any study independent of Darwinian considerations was effectively stymied.
Some of the wealth of field evidence can be observed here: www.flickr.com/photos/101536517@N06/sets/72157635944904973/
and also in the links to stunning, experimental evidence, carried out by sedimentologists, given later.
Several catastrophic events, flash floods, volcanic eruptions etc. have forced Darwinian influenced geologists to admit to rapid stratification in some instances. However they claim it is a rare phenomenon, which they known about for many years, and which does nothing to invalidate the Geologic Column, the fossil record, evotuionary timescale, or any of the old assumptions regarding strata formation, sedimentation and the superposition principle. They fail to face up to the fact that rapid stratification is not an extraordinary phenonemon, but rather the prevailing and normal mechanism of sedimantary deposition whenever and wherever there is moving, sediment-laden water. The experimental evidence demonstrates the mechanism and a mass of field evidence in normal (non-catastrophic) conditions shows it is a normal everyday occurrence.
It is clear from the experimental evidence that the usual process of stratification is - that strata are not formed by horizontal layers being laid on top of each other in succession, as was assumed. But by sediment being sorted in the flowing water and laid down diagonally in the direction of flow.
_______________________________________________
GEOLOGIC PRINCIPLES (established by Nicholas Steno in the 17th Century):
What Nicolas Steno believed about strata formation is the basis of the principle of Superposition and the principle of Original Horizontality.
dictionary.sensagent.com/Law_of_superposition/en-en/
“Assuming that all rocks and minerals had once been fluid, Nicolas Steno reasoned that rock strata were formed when particles in a fluid such as water fell to the bottom. This process would leave horizontal layers. Thus Steno's principle of original horizontality states that rock layers form in the horizontal position, and any deviations from this horizontal position are due to the rocks being disturbed later.”)
BEDDING PLANES.
'Bedding plane' describes the surface in between each stratum which are formed during sediment deposition.
science.jrank.org/pages/6533/Strata.html
“Strata form during sediment deposition, that is, the laying down of sediment. Meanwhile, if a change in current speed or sediment grain size occurs or perhaps the sediment supply is cut off, a bedding plane forms. Bedding planes are surfaces that separate one stratum from another. Bedding planes can also form when the upper part of a sediment layer is eroded away before the next episode of deposition. Strata separated by a bedding plane may have different grain sizes, grain compositions, or colours. Sometimes these other traits are better indicators of stratification as bedding planes may be very subtle.”
______________________________________________
Several catastrophic events, flash floods, volcanic eruptions etc. have forced Darwinian, influenced geologists to admit to rapid stratification in some instances. However they claim it is a rare phenomenon, which they have known about for many years, and which does nothing to invalidate the Geologic Column, the fossil record, evotuionary timescale, or any of the old assumptions regarding strata formation, sedimentation and the superposition principle. They fail to face up to the fact that rapid stratification is not an extraordinary phenonemon, but rather the prevailing and normal mechanism of sedimentary deposition whenever and wherever there is moving, sediment-laden water. The experimental evidence demonstrates the mechanism and a mass of field evidence in normal (non-catastrophic) conditions shows it is a normal everyday occurrence.
It is clear from the experimental evidence that the usual process of stratification is - that strata are not formed by horizontal layers being laid on top of each other in succession, as was assumed. But by sediment being sorted in the flowing water and laid down diagonally in the direction of flow. See diagram:
www.flickr.com/photos/truth-in-science/39821536092/in/dat...
The field evidence (in the image) presented here - of rapid, simultaneous stratification refutes the Superposition Principle, and the Principle of Lateral Continuity.
We now know, the Superposition Principle only applies on a rare occasion of sedimentary deposits in perfectly, still water. Superposition is required for the long evolutionary timescale, but the evidence shows it is not the general rule, as was once believed. Most sediment is laid down in moving water, where particle segregation is the general rule, resulting in the simultaneous deposition of strata/layers as shown in the photo.
See many other examples of rapid stratification with geological features: www.flickr.com/photos/101536517@N06/sets/72157635944904973/
Rapid, simultaneous formation of layers/strata, through particle segregation in moving water, is so easily created it has even been described by sedimentologists (working on flume experiments) as a law ...
"Upon filling the tank with water and pouring in sediments, we immediately saw what was to become the rule: The sediments sorted themselves out in very clear layers. This became so common that by the end of two weeks, we jokingly referred to Andrew's law as "It's difficult not to make layers," and Clark's law as "It's easy to make layers." Later on, I proposed the "law" that liquefaction destroys layers, as much to my surprise as that was." Ian Juby, www.ianjuby.org/sedimentation/
The example in the photo is the result of normal, everyday tidal action in a single incident. Where the water current or movement is more turbulent, violent, or catastrophic, great depths (many metres) of stratified sediment can be laid down in a short time. Certainly not the many millions of years assumed by evolutionists.
The composition of strata formed in any deposition event. is related to whatever materials are in the sediment mix, not to any particular timescale. Whatever is in the mix will be automatically sorted into strata/layers. It could be sand, or other material added from mud slides, erosion of chalk deposits, coastal erosion, volcanic ash etc. Any organic material (potential fossils), alive or dead, engulfed by, or swept into, a turbulent sediment mix, will also be sorted and buried within the rapidly, forming layers.
See many other examples of rapid stratification with geological features: www.flickr.com/photos/101536517@N06/sets/72157635944904973/
Stratified, soft sand deposit. demonstrates the rapid, stratification principle.
Important, field evidence which supports the work of the eminent, sedimentologist Dr Guy Berthault MIAS - Member of the International Association of Sedimentologists.
(Dr Berthault's experiments (www.sedimentology.fr/)
And also the experimental work of Dr M.E. Clark (Professor Emeritus, U of Illinois @ Urbana), Andrew Rodenbeck and Dr. Henry Voss, (www.ianjuby.org/sedimentation/)
Location: Sandown beach, Isle of Wight. Formed 20/01/2018, This field evidence demonstrates that multiple strata in sedimentary deposits do not need millions of years to form and can be formed rapidly. This natural example confirms the principle demonstrated by the sedimentation experiments carried out by Dr Guy Berthault and other sedimentologists. It calls into question the standard, multi-million year dating of sedimentary rocks, and the dating of fossils by depth of burial or position in the strata.
Mulltiple strata/layers are evident in this example.
Dr Berthault's experiments (www.sedimentology.fr/) and other experiments (www.ianjuby.org/sedimentation/) and field studies of floods and volcanic action show that, rather than being formed by gradual, slow deposition of sucessive layers superimposed upon previous layers, with the strata or layers representing a particular timescale, particle segregation in moving water or airborne particles can form strata or layers very quickly, frequently, in a single event.
And, most importantly, lower strata are not older than upper strata, they are the same age, having been created in the same sedimentary episode.
Such field studies confirm experiments which have shown that there is no longer any reason to conclude that strata/layers in sedimentary rocks relate to different geological eras and/or a multi-million year timescale. www.youtube.com/watch?v=5PVnBaqqQw8&feature=share&.... they also show that the relative position of fossils in rocks is not indicative of an order of evolutionary succession. Obviously, the uniformitarian principle, on which the geologic column is based, can no longer be considered valid. And the multi-million, year dating of sedimentary rocks and fossils needs to be reassessed. Rapid deposition of stratified sediments also explains the enigma of polystrate fossils, i.e. large fossils that intersect several strata. In some cases, tree trunk fossils are found which intersect the strata of sedimentary rock up to forty feet in depth. upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Lycopsi... They must have been buried in stratified sediment in a short time (certainly not millions, thousands, or even hundreds of years), or they would have rotted away. youtu.be/vnzHU9VsliQ
In fact, the vast majority of fossils are found in good, intact condition, which is testament to their rapid burial. You don't get good fossils from gradual burial, because they would be damaged or destroyed by decay, predation or erosion. The existence of so many fossils in sedimentary rock on a global scale is stunning evidence for the rapid depostion of sedimentary rock as the general rule. It is obvious that all rock containing good intact fossils was formed from sediment laid down in a very short time, not millions, or even thousands of years.
See set of photos of other examples of rapid stratification: www.flickr.com/photos/101536517@N06/sets/72157635944904973/
Carbon dating of coal should not be possible if it is millions of years old, yet significant amounts of Carbon 14 have been detected in coal and other fossil material, which indicates that it is less than 50,000 years old. www.ldolphin.org/sewell/c14dating.html
www.grisda.org/origins/51006.htm
Evolutionists confidently cite multi-million year ages for rocks and fossils, but what most people don't realise is that no one actually knows the age of sedimentary rocks or the fossils found within them. So how are evolutionists so sure of the ages they so confidently quote? The astonishing thing is they aren't. Sedimentary rocks cannot be dated by radiometric methods*, and fossils can only be dated to less than 50,000 years with Carbon 14 dating. The method evolutionists use is based entirely on assumptions. Unbelievably, fossils are dated by the assumed age of rocks, and rocks are dated by the assumed age of fossils, that's right ... it is known as circular reasoning.
* Regarding the radiometric dating of igneous rocks, which is claimed to be relevant to the dating of sedimentary rocks, in an occasional instance there is an igneous intrusion associated with a sedimentary deposit -
Prof. Aubouin says in his Précis de Géologie: "Each radioactive element disintegrates in a characteristic and constant manner, which depends neither on the physical state (no variation with pressure or temperature or any other external constraint) nor on the chemical state (identical for an oxide or a phosphate)."
"Rocks form when magma crystallizes. Crystallisation depends on pressure and temperature, from which radioactivity is independent. So, there is no relationship between radioactivity and crystallisation.
Consequently, radioactivity doesn't date the formation of rocks. Moreover, daughter elements contained in rocks result mainly from radioactivity in magma where gravity separates the heavier parent element, from the lighter daughter element. Thus radiometric dating has no chronological signification." Dr. Guy Berthault www.sciencevsevolution.org/Berthault.htm
Visit the fossil museum:
www.flickr.com/photos/101536517@N06/sets/72157641367196613/
Just how good are peer reviews of scientific papers?
www.sciencemag.org/content/342/6154/60.full
www.examiner.com/article/want-to-publish-science-paper-ju...
The neo-Darwinian idea that the human genome consists entirely of an accumulation of billions of mutations is, quite obviously, completely bonkers. Nevertheless, it is compulsorily taught in schools and universities as 'science'.
Stagecoach are shortly going to be closing their Fort William depot, following a review of operations. I didn't have a huge amount of time there, and timetables on some services are very sporadic in the early evening, but I managed to capture a couple of services - starting with this one, as 27916 enters Fort William Bus Station on a 44 from Kinlochleven.
I'm not going to pretend I have any idea behind the reasoning for the closure, because I don't - but from what I've briefly read, it would appear tender losses and declining passenger numbers are a large part of the problem.
Michael Owen is painting these murals around Baltimore to spread the message of love. At a staff meeting last week we found out that he would like to paint one on our school. There's some opposition in my school's community because hand signs are often related to gang activity. I happen to think their reasoning is silly and think this is a wonderful idea. Mr. Owen has even offered art lessons to our students if he can paint his mural. Awesome!
"Locking Horns - Bison Demonstrating Metaphors" I look at this picture and I see a metaphor, a metaphor that is emblematic of my life. I have been locking horns with people ever since my age of reason. Not to say my reasoning is any good but I like it :D
I often times feel like the bull on the left, bigger, older with my hair falling out, external forces about ready to pierce my temple questioning whether I still have the strength to fight them off. I can see the problem but butting heads hasn't been able to solve the problem that is facing my Temple.
If I may mix metaphors – a neoclassical “Temple” and an academic argument both require a solid base. While the foundation of a building is stone; the foundation of an argument is a premise. The building blocks of an argument are facts and assertions, known as suppositions. A mason shapes and stacks round blocks in order to form a pillar; in the same way, an adversary arranges and connects suppositions in order to provide a chain of logical connections; like a pillar that runs all the way from the ground to the roof, these connections are the evidence that supports the adversaries main point. The stronger the columns, the heavier the roof can be; in the same way, a stronger array of supporting evidence can support a "weightier" conclusion. Just as building must withstand the force of gravity, an argument must hold up under the force of logic.
• Grand Teton/Yellowstone Photo Tours
Ad infinitum, thought can bend ideas themselves as each pensive notion gets so deep that absolutes fall into the abyss. Eventually, our thoughts think thoughts of their own and the sideways spiral of ideology creates its self out of itself. Meaningless jabber or insightful reasoning worth considering as a wicked wisdom of this world. You be the judge.
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Unit 2 belonging to Troop D 4 (Beaver County.) This is the Beaver Barracks last CVPI and is supposedly being retired within the next few weeks. (Since retired) In this area for PSP they cap their cars out at 140,000 miles. This unit only has 110,000 miles. I am unsure the reasoning is behind its plan of retirement, best guess is age. Very clean 2011 with the Fire Suppression System like all PSP CVPI's have installed. Very friendly Troopers @ this post.
I was tagged by Leslie. Thank you.
Game rules: If you were stuck on a deserted island, which five dolls would you have with you? You can only bring five!
For this challenge to be less complicated I went with top five Integrity Toys dolls .
I am so bad at this, it was so hard to pick just 5.
When I think about which dolls I would want if I were stuck on a desert island, firstly low maintenance. No fancy hairdos;
Second reasoning:
Which dolls in my collection I would regret losing as they would be the hardest to replace.
The Photo Models:L to R:
Graphic Language Adele
-She was one of my Holy Grail for the longest time.
Poppy Groovy Galore
AKA my "summer" Poppy.
She can rocks casual, or be glam out.
Festive Decadence Agnes.
She is flawless, and luv her pale skin/red lipstick. The only downside are her loose hands.
Faces Of Adele 1.0
Discovered IT dolls in 2006, so I've missed out on face sculpt
I was so thrilled when IT released the gift set including all 3 face sculpt for Adele.
Old Is New Giselle. My first GIselle with her freckles. I was hoping to add freckles to all my Giselles. It's on my plan list now.
IThere are so many dolls which I feel would be difficult to replace and which I consider special.
Honourable mention: Style Mantra Eden, Sheer Goddess Veronique,In Bloom Vanessa,
Adam Michael Becker (born 1984) is an American astrophysicist, author, and scientific philosopher. His works include the book What Is Real?, published by Basic Books, which explores the history and personalities surrounding the development and evolution of quantum physics, and includes a modern assessment of the Copenhagen Interpretation.
In 2006, Becker received a Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degree in Philosophy and Physics from Cornell University only to earn a Master of Science degree in Physics from the University of Michigan a year later. In 2012, Becker would go on to receive a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree in Computational Cosmology from the University of Michigan with the physicist Dragan Huterer as his doctoral advisor. His doctoral thesis concerned primordial non-Gaussianity, which he would later summarize in lay terms for his readers, declaring "I was trying to find out how much we can learn about the way stuff was arranged in the early universe by looking at the way stuff is arranged in the universe right now."
After completing his doctoral program, Becker wrote and lectured on scientific concepts, providing lay-friendly professional commentary on science.
Becker has written for several news and periodicals concerning science for the interested layperson, including the BBC (which culminated in a video series), NPR, New Scientist Magazine, Scientific American, the New York Times, Aeon, and the global educational program NOVA on the American PBS.
In 2014, while employed at the Public Library of Science, Becker was a lead developer in a project that produced Rich Citations, which were an extensive expansion to the capabilities of digital cross-referencing across the PLOS platform. Later, around the publishing of his first book, "What is Real?", Becker was appointed as a Visiting Scholar at the Office for History of Science and Technology at the University of California, Berkeley. In 2020 he accepted a position as a Visiting Researcher in the Department of Logic and Philosophy of Science, at University of California, Irvine.
Becker has also been a member of the California Quantum Interpretation Network, "a research collaboration among faculty and staff at multiple UC campuses and other universities across California, focusing on the interpretation of quantum physics."
Becker has announced ongoing work on a new publication that takes a step away from the controversy of his first book and instead explores the relationship between science and the Consumer Tech Industry that has evolved and been promulgated across the world from the Silicon Valley of California. This new project has an estimated publication date of "late 2023".
Publication of What is Real?
In 2016, Becker received a grant from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation to research and publish a written work concerning the history, development, and controversy surrounding the study and development of the mysticized field of Quantum Foundations. The resulting work, What is Real? (2018), focused on the question of what exactly quantum physics says about the nature of reality.
Despite the fact that every physicist agrees that quantum physics works, a bitter debate has raged over its meaning for the past ninety years, since the theory was first developed.
The book deals with the personalities behind the competing interpretations of quantum physics as well as the historical factors that influenced the debate—factors such as military spending on physics research due to World War II, the Cold War ethos that caused the eschewing of physicists thought to be Marxist, the assumed infallibility of John von Neumann, the sexism that quashed the work of Grete Hermann (the female mathematician who first spotted von Neumann's error), and the sway of prominent philosophical schools of the period, like the logical positivists of the Vienna Circle. Niels Bohr appears in the book as the charismatic figure whose stature and obtuse writing style made it hard for alternate interpretations to be voiced. The book also challenges the popular portrayal of Albert Einstein as a behind-the-times thinker who couldn't accept the new paradigm. Becker argues that Einstein's thought experiments aimed at quantum dynamics are not stodgy quibbles with the seeming randomness of quantum physics, as characterized by the popularity of the quote that "God does not play dice". Rather, Einstein's thought experiments are apt critiques of violations of the principle of locality.
Reception
"What is Real?" was given mostly positive reviews by lay and expert audiences alike in literary and pop-science panels, such as the New York Times, Publishers Weekly, the Wall Street Journal, and New Scientist, among others.
In the trade magazine Physics Today, philosopher David Wallace called the book "a superb contribution both to popular understanding of quantum theory and to ongoing debates among experts." And in the journal Nature, Ramin Skibba said "What Is Real? is an argument for keeping an open mind. Becker reminds us that we need humility as we investigate the myriad interpretations and narratives that explain the same data."
Physicist Sheldon Glashow wrote a critical review, saying, "I found it distasteful to find a trained astrophysicist invoking a conspiracy by physicists and physics teachers to foist the Copenhagen interpretation upon naive students of quantum mechanics". A review in the journal Science declared the project to be the sporadically accurate presentation of an "oversimplified" summary of either imaginary or merely ostensible conflicts between very complex schools of thought. Reviews in Science News and the American Journal of Physics were also negative, similarly criticizing the book for numerous historical inaccuracies and philosophical oversimplifications.
The book was nominated for the PEN/E. O. Wilson Literary Science Writing Award and Physics World Magazine's Book of the Year Award.
---
www.informationphilosopher.com/knowledge/possible_worlds....
Possible Worlds
Possible worlds and modal reasoning have made "counterfactual" arguments extremely popular in current philosophy. Possible worlds, especially the idea of "nearby worlds" that differ only slightly from the actual world, are used to examine the validity of modal notions such as necessity and contingency, possibility and impossibility, truth and falsity.
Information philosophy can quantify over the information in different possible worlds and thus establish the relative possibilities or "information distance" from our actual world.
In ancient times, Lucretius commented on possible worlds. In his De Rerum Natura, he wrote in Book V,
for which of these causes holds in our world it is difficult to say for certain ; but what may be done and is done through the whole universe in the various worlds made in various ways, that is what I teach, proceeding to set forth several causes which may account for the movements of the stars throughout the whole universe; one of which, however, must be that which gives force to the movement of the signs in our world also; but which may be the true one,
(De Rerum Natura, Book V, lines 526-533
The sixteenth-century philosopher Giordano Bruno speculated about an infinite universe, with room for unlimited numbers of other stars and their own planets.
Philotheo. This is indeed what I had to add; for, having pronounced that the universe must itself be infinite because of the capacity and aptness of infinite space; on account also of the possibility and convenience of accepting the existence of innumerable worlds like to our own; it remaineth still to prove it.
I say that the universe is entirely infinite because it hath neither edge, limit, nor surfaces. But I say that the universe is not all-comprehensive infinity because each of the parts thereof that we can examine is finite and each of the innumerable worlds contained therein is finite.
There hath never been found a learned and worthy philosopher who, under any kind of pretext, hath wished to deduce from such a proposition the necessity of human action and thus to destroy free will. Thus, Plato and Aristotle among others, in postulating the necessity and immutability of God, posit no less the moral liberty and power of our free will, for they know well and understand how compatible are that necessity and that free will.
Theophilo. For the solution that you seek you must realize Firstly, that since the universe is infinite and immobile, there is no need to seek the motive power thereof, Secondly, the worlds contained therein such as earths, fires and other species of body named stars are infinite in number, and all move by the internal principle which is their own soul, as we have shewn elsewhere; wherefore it is vain to persist in seeking an extrinsic cause of their motion. Thirdly, these worlds move in the ethereal regions and are not fixed or nailed down on to any body, any more than is our earth, which is one of them. And we prove that this earth doth from innate animal instinct, circle around her own centre in diverse fashion and around the sun. These matters having been thus declared, we are not, according to our principles, obliged to demonstrate either active or passive motion arising from infinite intensive force, for the moving body, as also the motor power, is infinite; moving soul and moved body meet in a finite subject, that is, in each of the aforesaid stars which are worlds. So that the Prime Origin is not that which moveth; but itself still and immobile, it giveth the power to generate their own motion to an infinity of worlds, great and small animals placed in the vast space of the universe, each with a pattern of mobility, of motion and of other accidents, conditioned by its own nature.
(On the Infinite Universe and Worlds, First Dialogue)
The idea of many possible worlds was also proposed by Gottfried Leibniz, who famously argued that the actual world is "the best of all possible worlds." Leibniz says to Arnauld in a letter from 14 July 1686,
I think there is an infinity of possible ways in which to create the world, according to the different designs which God could form, and that each possible world depends on certain principal designs or purposes of God which are distinctive of it, that is, certain primary free decrees (conceived sub ratione possibilitatis) or certain laws of the general order of this possible universe with which they are in accord and whose concept they determine, as they do also the concepts of all the individual substances which must enter into this same universe.
(Die philosophischen Schriften., II 51/L 333)
Leibniz' notion of a substance was so complete that it could be used to deduce from it all the predicates of the subject to which this notion is attributed.
Hugh Everett III
Hugh Everett was one of John Wheeler's most famous graduate students. Others included Richard Feynman. Wheeler supervised more Ph.D. theses than any other Princeton physics professor.
Everett took mathematical physics classes with Eugene Wigner, who argued that human consciousness (and perhaps some form of cosmic consciousness) was essential to the collapse of the wave function.
In his Ph.D thesis finally accepted in 1957, Everett was the inventor of the "universal wave function" and the "relative state" formulation of quantum mechanics, later known as the "many-worlds interpretation."
Everett's many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics is an attempt to deny the random "collapse" of the wave function and preserve determinism in quantum mechanics. Everett claims that every time an experimenter makes a quantum measurement with two possible outcomes, the entire universe splits into two new universes, each with the same material content as the original, but each with a different outcome. Everett's thesis violates the conservation of mass/energy in the most extreme way. John Bell called it "extravagant," which by Occam's Razor must be an extreme understatement.
Everett described the results of a measurment by an observer.
This is Everett's radical thesis that the observation "splits" the single observer into a superposition of multiple observers, each one of which has knowledge only of the new object-system state (interpreted later by Bryce DeWitt as different "parallel universes")
As soon as the observation is performed, the composite state is split into a superposition for which each element describes a different object-system state and an observer with (different) knowledge of it. Only the totality of these observer states, with their diverse knowledge, contains complete information about the original object-system state - but there is no possible communication between the observers described by these separate states. Any single observer can therefore possess knowledge only of the relative state function (relative to his state) of any systems, which is in any case all that is of any importance to him.
("The Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics," pp.97-98)
David Lewis
In the early 1970's, the analytic language philosopher David Lewis developed the philosophical methodology known as modal realism based on the idea of many possible worlds. Lewis, who was at Princeton in philosophy, may well have been influenced by Hugh Everett, who was at Princeton in physics, and whose meeting with Einstein motivated him to restore determinism to quantum physics.
Lewis claims that
Possible worlds exist and are just as real as our world.
Possible worlds are the same sort of things as our world – they differ in content, not in kind.
Possible worlds cannot be reduced to something more basic – they are irreducible entities in their own right.
Actuality is indexical. When we distinguish our world from other possible worlds by claiming that it alone is actual, we mean only that it is our world.
Possible worlds are unified by the spatiotemporal interrelations of their parts; every world is spatiotemporally isolated from every other world.
Possible worlds are causally isolated from each other.
Modal realism implies the existence of infinitely many parallel universes, an idea similar to Hugh Everett III's many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics. In the information interpretation of quantum mechanics, quantum systems evolve in two ways: the first is the wave function deterministically exploring all the possibilities for interaction; the second is the particle randomly choosing one of those possibilities to become actual.
But David Lewis is a materialist and determinist who believes that our world, the actual world, could not have been otherwise. Thus, Lewis is not a true modal realist. He insists that all his possible worlds are real and actual (cf. Hegel's "the real is the actual"). In each of Lewis's possible worlds, there are no possibilities other than the completely determined actualities.
All of David Lewis's possible worlds are actual worlds!
There are no real possibilities in any of David Lewis's possible worlds. For information philosophy, possibilities are of course not real in the sense of actual, but are realized when they are actualized. Possibilities have the same existential or ontological status as ideas, especially multiple ideas in a mind that are evaluated as .alternative possibilities for action.
Possible worlds and modal reasoning made "counterfactual" arguments extremely popular in current philosophy. Possible worlds, especially the idea of "nearby worlds" that differ only slightly from the actual world, are used to examine the validity of modal notions such as necessity and contingency, possibility and impossibility, truth and falsity.
But counterfactuals and Lewis's counterpart theory are just language games, ways of talking, that analytic language philosophers and metaphysicians have found productive. They do have an ontological commitment to possibilities or ideas.
Lewis appears to have believed that the truth of his counterfactuals was a result of believing that for every non-contradictory statement there is a possible world in which that statement is true.
True propositions are those that are true in the actual world.
False propositions are those that are false in the actual world.
Necessarily true propositions are those that are true in all possible worlds.
Contingent propositions are those that are true in some possible worlds and false in others.
Possible propositions are those that are true in at least one possible world.
Impossible propositions are those that are true in no possible world .
Saul Kripke
In the 1960's, Saul Kripke recommended that his "possible worlds" should be regarded as "possible states (or histories) of the world," or just "counterfactual situations," or simply "ways the world might have been."
Kripke appears to endorse the idea of alternative possibilities, that things could have been otherwise.
I will say something briefly about 'possible worlds'. (I hope to elaborate elsewhere.) In the present monograph I argued against those misuses of the concept that regard possible worlds as something like distant planets, like our own surroundings but somehow existing in a different dimension, or that lead to spurious problems of 'transworld identification'. Further, if one wishes to avoid the Weltangst and philosophical confusions that many philosophers have associated with the 'worlds' terminology, I recommended that 'possible state (or history) of the world', or 'counterfactual situation' might be better... Perhaps such confusions would have been less likely but for the terminological accident that 'possible worlds' rather than 'possible states', or 'histories', of the world, or 'counterfactual situations' had been used.
(Naming and Necessity, p.15)
Kripke is not talking about different worlds, with different persons who might be identified as the same person in some respects (a 'transworld identification'). They are "nearby" worlds that describe a single individual and the alternative counterfactual situations that might have obtained.
In his discussion of the counterfactual situation that Humphrey wins the presidential election in 1968, he says.
although someone other than the U.S. President in 1970 might have been the U.S. President in 1970 (e.g., Humphrey might have), no one other than Nixon might have been Nixon...
proper names are rigid designators, although the man (Nixon) might not have been the President, it is not the case that he might not have been Nixon (though he might not have been called 'Nixon'). Those who have argued that to make sense of the notion of rigid designator, we must antecedently make sense of 'criteria of transworld identity' have precisely reversed the cart and the horse; it is because we can refer (rigidly) to Nixon, and stipulate that we are speaking of what might have happened to him (under certain circumstances), that 'transworld identifications' are unproblematic in such cases.
(Naming and Necessity, p.48)
Where Saul Kripke appears to accept the existence in this world of alternative possibilities, David Lewis was a materialist and determinist. His "modal realism" imagined "possible worlds," but denied the existence of alternative possibilities in any of his worlds. Even more important, for Lewis an individual can exist in only one world. His version of the Nixon/Humphrey counterfactual would be that the Nixon who lost the election would not be the same ("transworld") individual but a "counterpart," as similar to the "actual" Nixon as desired..
Lewis said his counterpart theory avoids what he called the problem of "accidental intrinsics," a single individual both having and not having specific properties. In Kripke's "counterfactual situations," it is the same Nixon, though he does not both win and lose, but is either the winner or the loser depending on what "happens." Lewis's counterparts are not identical. His counterpart relation is only a similarity relation, where Kripke's identity is a reflexive, symmetric, and transitive relation.
Kripke criticizes Lewis's approach...
Strictly speaking, Lewis's view is not a view of 'transworld identification'. Rather, he thinks that similarities across possible worlds determine a counterpart relation which need be neither symmetric nor transitive. The counterpart of something in another possible world is never identical with the thing itself. Thus if we say 'Humphrey might have won the election (if only he had done such-and-such), we are not talking about something that might have happened to Humphrey but to someone else, a "counterpart".' Probably, however, Humphrey could not care less whether someone else, no matter how much resembling him, would have been victorious in another possible world. Thus, Lewis's view seems to me even more bizarre than the usual notions of transworld identification that it replaces. The important issues, however, are common to the two views: the supposition that other possible worlds are like other dimensions of a more inclusive universe, that they can be given only by purely qualitative descriptions, and that therefore either the identity relation or the counterpart relation must be established in terms of qualitative resemblance.
Many have pointed out to me that the father of counterpart theory is probably Leibnitz. I will not go into such a historical question here. It would also be interesting to compare Lewis's views with the Wheeler-Everett interpretation of quantum mechanics. I suspect that this view of physics may suffer from philosophical problems analogous to Lewis's counterpart theory; it is certainly very similar in spirit.
(Naming and Necessity, p.45)
David Layzer
The Harvard cosmologist David Layzer argues from the nature of mathematical infinity that every possible "world" is realized somewhere in the physical universe.
He asks:
Do We Exist in Multiple Copies?
Are the assemblies we have been discussing "real"? Does the Strong Cosmological Principle imply that somewhere in the Universe there is a star very much like the Sun; and orbiting that star, a planet very much like the Earth; and on that planet, a person very much like you, the reader, reading a book very much like this one? Of course, such near-replicas of the Earth and its inhabitants would be very thinly distributed in space. Although I haven't made a serious estimate, I am confident that the nearest one would lie well beyond the most distant galaxy we could observe, even with infinitely sensitive instruments, Even so, the idea is unsettling, however familiar it may be to readers of science fiction.
(Cosmogenesis, pp.127-28)
Layzer commented on the connection between himself and Everett.
The interpretation of quantum theory discussed in this chapter resembles in some respects the "many-worlds" interpretation proposed by Hugh Everett in 1957. Everett, in a Ph.D. thesis supervised by John Wheeler, suggested that every measurement or measurement-like process causes the Universe to split into a vast number of "parallel universes," in each of which one possible outcome of the measurement is realized. In one set of universes, Schroedinger's cat lives; in another, it dies. Quantum theory, according to this interpretation, doesn't describe individual physical systems, as in the orthodox and instrumental interpretations; nor does it describe assemblies of physical systems, as in the interpretation based on the Strong Cosmological Principle. It describes a multitude of universes, each of which splits at every moment into a multitude of parallel universes. All these universes are equally real, but only the one we happen to be in is real to us; all the others are completely inaccessible to us.
According to the many-worlds interpretation, the probability that a measurement has a given outcome is equal to the fraction of the parallel universes in which that outcome occurs. Since probabilities are real numbers that can assume any value between zero and one, the set of parallel universes must be infinite. Every measurement or measurement-like process in every universe therefore creates an infinity of new parallel universes.
The many-worlds interpretation shares two attractive features of the interpretation based on the Strong Cosmological Principle. It avoids the paradoxes that result from the conventional assumption that quantum theory describes individual systems. And it predicts, instead of merely positing, the basic rule mentioned earlier for calculating the probabilities of experimental outcomes. [Probabilities are proportional to the number of outcomes in the assembly.]
(Cosmogenesis, pp.129-30)
Max Tegmark
Possible Worlds Without Possibilitiesl
In our two-stage model of free will, we might imagine the alternative possibilities for action generated by an agent in the first stage to be "possible worlds" in Kripke's sense. They are counterfactual situations, involving a single individual, alternative ways one person's world may be.
Note that Kripke's possible worlds are extremely close to one another. The quantification of information in each case shows a very small number of bits as the difference between them, especially when compared to the typical examples given in possible worlds cases. In the case of Humphrey winning the election, millions of persons must have done something different. Such worlds are hardly "nearby." For typical cases of a free decision, the possible worlds require only small differences in the mind of a single person. Kripke's worlds are simply ways that our world might be (or become).
By comparison, the possible worlds of Hugh Everett, David Lewis, and David Layzer in general may bear very little resemblance to one another. But note that they all include Layzer's solution to the problem of free will, at least in those worlds with thinking beings, because the inhabitants do not know which of all the possible worlds they are in.
It is important to note that the Everett and Lewis worlds are individually materialist and deterministic. Since Layzer discounts microscopic quantum indeterminism in a given world and locates macroscopic indeterminism as something between worlds, there appears to be no alternative possibilities within each world.
Layzer believes that his macroscopic indeterminism solves the free will problem. The human ignorance of not knowing which universe we are in introduces indeterminacy in the form of the unpredictability of our futures. If Layzer is right, the logically possible worlds of David Lewis and the many physical worlds of Hugh Everett also solve the free will problem in his sense.
New Improved Semantic Web: Now with added meaning! More machine processable than before. May be incompatible with existing XML tools. Databases may take up to ten times as much memory and 24 hours to load.
Picture taken from Mark Butlers presentation "Is the semantic web hype?" Hewlett Packard labs presentation at Manchester Metropolitan University. Conceived by Mark Butler and drawn by Rachel Murphy of Rude Girl Designs. Reproduced here with kind permission from Mark Butler.
國立台灣文學館 - 推理文學在臺灣特展 / 文學展覽看來簡單 - 卻有很深的內涵
National Museum of Taiwanese Literature - Reasoning literature in Taiwan special exhibition / The literary exhibition seems simple - There is a deep connotation
Museo Nacional de la literatura taiwanesa - Razonamiento de la literatura en Taiwan exposición especial / La exposición literaria parece simple - Hay una profunda connotación
国立の台湾の文学館 - 推理の文学は台湾特に展にあります / 文学が展覧するのは見たところ簡単です - とても深い内包があります
Nationalmuseum der taiwanesischen Literatur - Begründung Literatur in Taiwan Sonderausstellung / Die literarische Ausstellung scheint einfach - es gibt eine tiefe Konnotation
Musée national de la littérature taiwanaise - Raisonnement de la littérature à Taiwan exposition spéciale / L'exposition littéraire semble simple - Il existe une connotation profonde
Tainan Taiwan / Tainan Taiwán / 台灣台南
管樂小集 2017/07/02 安平古堡 Fort Zeelandia performances 1080P
{ 霧子のタンゴ Kiriko's Tango 懷念的播音員 }
{View large size on fluidr / 觀看大圖}
{My Blog / 管樂小集精彩演出-觸動你的心}
{My Blog / Great Music The splendid performance touches your heart}
{My Blog / 管楽小集すばらしい公演-はあなたの心を心を打ちます}
{Mi blog / La gran música el funcionamiento espléndido toca su corazón}
{Mein Blog / Große Musik die herrliche Leistung berührt Ihr Herz}
{Mon blog / La grande musique l'exécution splendide touche votre coeur}
Melody 曲:JAPAN / Words 詞:Sheesen / Singing : Sheesen
{ 夢旅人 1990 Dream Traveler 1990 }
家住安南鹽溪邊
The family lives in nearby the Annan salt river
隔壁就是聽雨軒
The next door listens to the rain porch
一旦落日照大員
The sunset Shineing to the Taiwan at once
左岸青龍飛九天
The left bank white dragon flying in the sky
The guy in green refused to give a hug to the guy in white. His reasoning was, "I don't know how many homosexuals you have hugged".
I chose this image because they are African knives. In Africa, there are many tribes that still practice the act of scarification. It is performed on both male and female and the reasoning behind it varies. For men, it may be performed as an act of strength to see how much pain they can tolerate. With women it is a sign of beauty. Some will have scarification done all over their face in like rice grain sized patterns, as well as their chest and stomach.
A reminder to me however a caution to you viewers ! New Orleans, is considered one of the raining-est places in the United States, for this matter anywhere on the USA coast line, I don't recall in any of my camera care, or equipment protection to always have a bag of desiccant, reasoning to remove any moisture from the tools of the photographic world. try the electronic supply or camera stores,, cleaning lens is a task labor effort, it's also good to note an opening question to other professional photographers tool bag content !!! learning to ask all the right questions ! or supply a helping hand !
These are some of the Theropod dinosaur footprints, left here in the sandstone and siltstone 220 million years ago in the late Triassic period, when the whole of South Wales was a hot tropical region.
I'm constantly amazed by big numbers and the sheer amount of time that the planet has been around. It annoys me intensely that some people (for instance the Creation Museum in Kentucky, USA) believe that the Earth is 6,000 years old and that dinosaurs were created on the 6th day.
As humans we are so stupidly arrogant to believe that we are some sort of pinnacle of either a creationist design or a triumph of evolution.
These marks in the stone have been here for millions of years. I struggle to remember things that happened to me in my childhood and at 33 it would still take 6.9 Million of my lifetimes to be here as long! Even my Nan at 86 would have to live 2.5 Million lifetimes to have witnessed the dinos - that's 12.5 times the length of time humans have been around!!
The other consequence of these big numbers is the errors in measurement and calculation involved with them. I have no idea how accurate the number of 220 million years is for these footprints, the number is near the start of the Triassic period when Theropods were know to have come into existence.
But the numbers for the start and end of the Triassic period vary by as much as + or - 2 Million years!
Imagine being a Dinosaur, wandering through the desert on a nice hot day, leaving your footprints in the sandy soil - only for someone to discover them years later and get the time wrong by as much as 2 Million years!
Conversely, suppose one of your footprints were found in the rock, many years into the future. By the same reasoning, the number calculated for the date could be generations wrong! (especially if it were a barefoot print - I'm sure somewhere there is a catalogue of shoe imprints listed by style and date...!)
These big numbers always bring me back to how small and insignificant we are in the wider picture of the planet's 4.6 Billion year lifetime.
Even our notions of the effects of Climate Change are skewed... "Save the Planet" we proclaim!
Well, I'm pretty sure that any imbalance of sea levels, gases, temperature will not affect the third rock from the Sun one iota in the long run.. only its ability to provide a suitable habitat for us to continue.
What we should be saying is "Save Ourselves"
Otherwise all that could be left is footprints in the sandstone.
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As a footnote to this image... I wrote the above last May when I first came across the area and it has taken me this long to work out how to shoot the spot. Sometimes the words come first, sometimes the image inspires me to write stuff..
It has in some part been aided by an article on BBC news website which mentioned this site, accompanied by a comment about how much easier the prints were to spot by moonlight.
Also this image was hampered by the problem of how to shoot not only the prints in the foreground but also the wider landscape. Thanks to Panorama Paul, a contact of mine and his Vertorama technique to the rescue.
As another co-incidence, this Thursday, February 12th is to be Darwin Day, the birthday anniversary of evolutionary biologist Charles Darwin. This year marks the 200th anniversary of Charles Darwin's birth.
During the 13th century St. Anthony of Padua was reported to have converted a hardened heretic through a rather unique contest. The heretic, by the name of Bononillo, was unmoved by the reasoning of the "hammer of heretics," as St. Anthony was called. Bononillo was as stubborn as the mule that stood beside him.
Eyeing the mule, Anthony made an offer to Bononillo. He asked him whether he would give up his heresy if the mule were to bow down and adore its Creator present in the Blessed Sacrament. The heretic answered he would, provided he could lay down certain conditions: for two days the mule was not to be fed, and on the third day it was to be led into the public square.
On one side of the square would be placed a tempting pile of fresh feed, on the opposite side Anthony could stand with what Bononillo contemptuously called the "body of Christ." Anthony agreed, but in all humility made one condition. If the animal did not kneel before the Blessed Sacrament, his sins alone were to be blamed.
The day arrived for this strange contest and the square was crowded with people. When the derisive Bononillo arrived with his half-starved mule, he was fully confident that his mule had sense and appetite enough to go after the feed. But he was wrong. Anthony had implored his Lord in the intervening two days for the soul of this heretic. God did not let his faithful servant down.
When turned loose, the mule without the least hesitation advanced towards Anthony and knelt in an attitude of adoration before the Blessed Sacrament. With much emotion and contrition the heretic too fell on his knees and gave up his heresy.
This Eucharistic miracle is depicted in stained glass in this window from Lourdes' parish church. Today, 3 June 2010, is the feast of Corpus Christi, when the Church recalls the divine gift of the Blessed Sacrament.