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An awardee does pushups on the stage at the Sergeant Major of the Army Forum and Awards Ceremony at the 2021 AUSA Annual Meeting and Exposition at the Washington Convention Center on Oct. 11, 2021. —Photo by Mike Morones for AUSA
~*Photography Originally Taken By: www.CrossTrips.Com Under God*~
Music
Pow-wow music is the American Indian drumming, singing, and dancing performed at pow-wows. Though there are many genres unique to different tribes pow-wow music is characterized by pan or intertribalism with the Plains cultures, the originators of the modern pow-wow, predominating. For information on dancing, see #Dances.
[edit] Drumming
* "Good drums get the dancers out there, good songs get them to dance well. Without drum groups there is no music. No music, no dance, no powwow."[4]
There may be many drums at a powwow, especially weekend or week long ones, but each powwow features a host drum which is accorded great respect and some authority. The members of drum groups are often family, extended family, or friends. Groups are then often named for families, geographic locations, tribal societies, or more colorful names. Most groups display their names on jackets, caps, vehicles, and chairs. Traditionally only men would drum and women would sit behind the men singing high harmonies. Beginning in the mid 1970s however women began drumming with men and seconding, or singing, an octave higher, the song.[5]
The supplies a drum group carries include the drum, rawhide headed, a cloth bag for padded drum sticks, the drum stand, folding chairs for sitting, and a public address system or PA. The drum head, stand, microphone stands, and PA box are often decorated with paintings or eagle feathers, fur, flags, and strips of colored cloth.[6]
Readily noticeable in performances are the "hard beats" used to indicate sections of the song. The "traditional method" consists of a pronounced strike by all singers every other beat. These may appear in the first or second line of a song, the end of a section, before the repetition of a song. A cluster of three hard beats (on consecutive beats) may be used at the end of a series of hard beats, while a few beats in the first line of a song indicate performer enthusiasm. In the "Hot Five" method five beats are used, with the first hard beat four beats before the second, after which the beats alternate.
Singing
While the drum is central to pow-wows, "the drum only helps them keep beat. Dancers key on the melody of the song. Rhythms, tones, pitch all help create their 'moves'." (p.85) Note that Bill Runs Above did not mention the lyrics of the songs, and while they are no doubt important, most lyrics of most songs employ vocables, meaningless syllable sounds such as "ya", "hey", and "loi" (p.86).[8]
The song structure consists of four pushups, singing the chorus and verse through four times. In each chorus the melody is introduced or led off by the lead singer whose is then seconded by another singer who begins to vary the melody before the end of the leader's first line. They are then joined by the entire chorus for the rest of the pushup. Three down strokes or hard beats[9] mark the end of the chorus and beginning of the verse, and during these drummers while alter their dancing such as by hopping low like fancy dancers. An increase in tempo and volume on the last five beats marks the end of the final verse. The dancing stops on the final beat and then a tail, or coda, finishes the song with a shortened chorus.[10]
Singing differs by region in that a high falsetto produced deep in one's throat is used in the north while in the south a lower range is used. "To the unfamiliar listener, Indian singing sounds exotic, different, and difficult to comprehend," and the contrast in the quality or timbre of voice used in traditional Indian and European musics may have much to do with that difficulty. However, "to the trained ear, melodies flow, ascend and descend" while dancers react to changes in the structure of the melody and the song. Boye Ladd says, "if you give me a stink song, I'll dance stink. If you give me good music, I'll give you a great show," implying that one can appreciate the music through the dancing, which is readily appreciate by everyone.[11]
Talented singers also sing off-the-beat, placing the words between the drum beats rather than on them, which "is probably the non-Indian's greatest obstacle in trying to learn Indian songs
Genres and change
In the 1970s drums had began incorporating native words in addition to vocables. Groups such as the Black Lodge Singers have released songs with English words, such as on their children's albums. Given the inter-tribal style of pow wow music it may be viewed as less traditional or valuable though the music is also used to support tribal identity and display the value of a living culture.
[edit] Drum etiquette
To help oneself understand drum protocol a drum may be thought of a person or being and to be regarded and respected as such. Drum etiquette is highly important and receives extra emphasis in the south and is the central symbol of Oklahoma powwows and is located in the center of the dance floor and powwow (which are themselves shaped in concentric circles). Southern drums are suspended by four posts, one for each direction. Northern drums are set up on the outside of the dance area, with the host drum in the best position. Musicians may not casually leave the drum, which may never be left by itself[citation needed] till it is carried out at the end. Water boys alleviate the effort involved. The drum is offered gifts of tobacco during giveaways and musicians acknowledge this by standing.
Man doing a push-up.
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The team mascot, this poor guy dressed up like a Gopher, had to do push ups on a plank held up by cheerleaders in the same number of points. I think in the end we had 63 points, so he actually did 63 push-ups. I don't feel too badly for him, though, because I bet there were at least 3 of them.
Hipstamatic (iPhone camera application) photo of a found photo. The specific camera details can be found in the tags.
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Ok, so I've been on weight watchers for a week now. I had been getting out a getting some exercise trying to get my body ready for some training. Since today is Monday, I decided to see how I was doing and took a fitness test. Pushups, situps, and then a two mile run. The standard Army test. Here is how I did:
Pushups: 22
Situps: 38
Two Mile Run: 20.06
Now I'll log that on my project365 set comment thing and every monday just try to beat my previous weeks score.
I have horrible upper body strength and one of my goals is to work on that this year. I am starting a pushup workout program and am working towards 100 pushup by the end of this year. Let's see how far I get :)
12. Great Expectations - Charles Dickens (msh0315 msh0315-12) :)