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Multi-instrumentalist musican and composer.
He is posing in front of 'Tubular Bells III' which, whilst not the best of his albums made the best backdrop. He is stood on 'Tubular Bells II' which is, in my opinion, one of his best and is one of my Favourite Albums Of All Time. Indeed I'm listening to it as I type this ...
This used to sell Texaco, Changed to Total and back again to Texaco in 2014 . Now selling Jet petrol.
Couldn't resist it.
Passing under Brook Road bridge and it's fine display of Buddleja davidii, 57305 Northern Princess at the rear of 1Z22 Manchester Victoria - Bristol Temple Meads Northern Belle luxury excursion seen hammering through Oldfield Park station, 57312 Solway Princess was up front.
At the time the luxury rail service was still operated by Direct Rail Services (DRS), or Direct 'ail' Services as can just be seen (under magnification), the gold vinyl lettering and logo under the cabside metal number plate.
For a better view of the missing 'R' (there's an oxymoron surely Pete, you can't view something that you confess is missing, mmm, naaah) check out the inestimable Glen Batten's page, Glen (who gets far too many mentions around here...apparently) got a good piece of the return working at Bathampton junction later that afternoon.
To the right of the frame, (probably) stage and screen royalty in the form of the wonderfully talented Ian McDiarmid, in a career spanning over 50 years the Scottish-born thespian is undoubtedly best known for playing evil Emperor Palpatine in the Star Wars film franchise. I noted that my fellow enthusiast had chosen to video the working and as he passed me to leave the platform I quipped that I thought that I may have got a pretty decent photo to which he replied 'Your feeble skills are no match for the power of the Dark Side!' - he'd obviously seen my Flickr page already, still a bit harsh.
Oldfield's Mallee
Sprawling, spreading mallee or tree growing to 2-6 m high with smooth bark, white, rough at base. The flowers are white-cream between May to Nov.
Photo: Jean Sept 2016
From wikipedia: The Coit Tower murals were carried out under the auspices of the Public Works of Art Project, the first of the New Deal federal employment programs for artists. Ralph Stackpole and Bernard Zakheim successfully sought the commission in 1933, and supervised the muralists, who were mainly faculty and student of the California School of Fine Arts (CSFA), including Maxine Albro, Victor Arnautoff, Ray Bertrand, Rinaldo Cuneo, Mallette Harold Dean, Clifford Wight, Edith Hamlin, George Harris, Robert B. Howard, Otis Oldfield, Suzanne Scheuer, Hebe Daum and Frede Vidar.
After Diego Rivera's Man at the Crossroads mural was destroyed by its Rockefeller Center patrons for the inclusion of an image of Lenin, the Coit Tower muralists protested, picketing the tower. Sympathy for Rivera led some artists to incorporate leftist ideas and composition elements in their works. Bernard Zakheim's "Library" depicts fellow artist John Langley Howard crumpling a newspaper in his left hand as he reaches for a shelved copy of Karl Marx's Das Kapital with his right, and Stackpole is painted reading a newspaper headline announcing the destruction of Rivera's mural; Victor Arnautoff's "City Life" includes the The New Masses and The Daily Worker periodicals in the scene's news stand rack; John Langley Howard's mural depicts an ethnically diverse Labor March as well as showing a destitute family panning for gold while a rich family observes; and Stackpole's Industries of California was composed along the same lines as an early study of the destroyed Man at the Crossroads.
Two of the murals are of San Francisco Bay scenes. Most murals are done in fresco; the exceptions are one mural done in egg tempera (upstairs, in the last decorated room) and the works done in the elevator foyer, which are oil on canvas. While most of the murals have been restored, a small segment (the spiral stairway exit to the observation platform) was not restored but durably painted over with epoxy surfacing.
808 passes the old refuse terminal near Oldfield Park with a Westbury to Leckwith Jct engineers 18/4/15.
Clun Castle, 7029, passes Oldfield Park Station, Bath, with a special marling the end of steam on the Western Region of British Railways
Just brought to the front to celebrate seeing 7029 on the main line again, the first time for me for 54 years when I took this shot, a record rather than an artistic masterpiece
positioning move
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crewe to swanage
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oldfield park,bath
The Spirit of Tomorrow, This car was built between the years of 1938 and 1942 by Horace Basil Oldfield along with his friend John Norton and his brother Brian Oldfield.
Picture taken in the lobby of the Royal British Columbia Museum in Victoria.
Views of terraced houses in Oldfield Park. A lot of these houses are privately rented to students as HMO's (Houses of Multiple Occupation).
This junction gave an airy wide open impression at the time of this photo. The building standing alone to the left is the Angel pub, later renamed the Bell Tower. In the centre of the picture is the Lancashire Fusiliers memorial statue, raising his hat to all in Salford Royal Hospital (out of picture to the left), the statue stands at the entrance to Oldfield Road.
This is one of the most perfect blooms of this species I have seen with all its little flowers in beautiful condition. It is enhanced by the stems of little bluestem grass that has turned its late summer red.
Royal Army Medical Corps
Lt Col Oldfield (1863 - 1953) raised and commanded a Casualty Clearing Station on the Western Front and was Mentioned in Despatches. He was invalided out of the Army in 1918.
Josiah Oldfield was born in Ryton, Shropshire. He was educated at Newport Grammar School and Oxford before training as a barrister (1888) and practicing on the Oxford court circuit.
During this time, he became a vegetarian and adopted medicine as a second career.
Dr Oldfield founded the Humanitarian Hospital of St Francis and was senior physician to the Lady Margaret Fruitarian Hospital at Sittingbourne.
Oldfield became a prolific writer on health issues related to the vegetarian and humanitarian cause.
In 1901, he founded the Society for the Abolition of Capital Punishment.
After the First World War, he became a fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine in 1920 and continued to write and publish until his death.
Faces of the First World War
The full story is not always known to us. If you know more, please tell us in the comments below.
Find out more about this First World War Centenary project at www.1914.org/faces.
This image is from IWM Collections.
I’ve been trying to catch all aspects of the harvesting of the forage crop locally this year. It’s been a very good year for growing grass with a wet spring followed by warmth. Silage barns are overflowing with the surplus being baled and wrapped for stacking outside.
On Monday six tractors and trailers started hammering up and down past our yard carrying silage from above Meltham to Hinchcliffes farm off Linfit Lane. Initially I went down to the farm and got photos of all six tractors coming and going. As I was leaving I spotted Tom Roberts in his John Deere spreading fertilizer, I ran down the fields to grab a few shots and tell him that I had six A4 prints for him from the previous weeks baling, another satisfied victim of my camera.
I decided to shoot over to Wilshaw and get some photos of the tractors and forager working in the fields. Stuart Oldfield Agricultural Contracting was doing the job for Charlie Hinchcliffe, driving the Claas Jaguar forager himself. The field is 45 acres part of a 75 acre piece and they were hoping to finish for the end of the day. The tractors were still passing our house at going up to eleven. The heavy crop and distance they were carting meant that eight tractors could have been kept going. As ever Charlie – who is well into his 80’s had a ride around the field to keep an eye on things – nowt changes – as we say around here. I didn’t stay long but I was out and about doing some Tour de France landscape stuff in the Holme Valley and on Holme Moss and decided to drop in again, I’m glad I did. Conditions were better than earlier, the light, big rolling, clouds underpinned by a dark distant sky – it was raining elsewhere in Yorkshire apparently. Stuart Invited me onto the Forager and I hung on with one hand and fired away with the 5D in the other. The silage flying over my head didn’t do a lot for the hay fever but it was worth it. I got sat in the cab and had a good chat with Stuart, nice bloke, gets on with the job – no messing about I would guess. I’m uploading a large number of the photos I took on the day for the benefit of the people working hard in the pictures – I hope they like them and thanks for tolerating me charging around the field like a loony – I’ve spent a lifetime staying safe and keeping out of the way. I stayed until the sun disappeared and the light went, the orange glow is for real, with no help from Photoshop. I had a chat with Charlie, the first in many years, we used to do quite a bit of work for him a long time ago, no flies there, as sharp as they come. Multiple tractor pictures won’t be everybody’s cup of tea, but tough, more trucks and landscapes waiting to load.
To see more information about the 130 year history of J B Schofield and Sons, including their transport and 33 years gritting in the Pennines look here www.jbschofieldandsons.co.uk/
The Verona Arena (Arena di Verona) is a Roman amphitheatre in Piazza Bra in Verona, Italy, which is internationally famous for the large-scale opera performances given there. It is one of the best preserved ancient structures of its kind. Amphitheatre
The building itself was built in AD 30 on a site which was then beyond the city walls. The ludi (shows and games) staged there were so famous that spectators came from many other places, often far away, to witness them. The amphitheatre could host more than 30,000 spectators in ancient times.
The round façade of the building was originally composed of white and pink limestone from Valpolicella, but after a major earthquake in 1117, which almost completely destroyed the structure's outer ring, except for the so-called "ala", the stone was quarried for re-use in other buildings. Nevertheless it impressed medieval visitors to the city, one of whom considered it to have been a labyrinth, without ingress or egress. Ciriaco d'Ancona was filled with admiration for the way it had been built and Giovanni Antonio Panteo's civic panegyric De laudibus veronae, 1483, remarked that it struck the viewer as a construction that was more than human. Musical theatre
The first interventions to recover the arena's function as a theatre began during the Renaissance. Some operatic performances were later mounted in the building during the 1850s, owing to its outstanding acoustics.
And in 1913, operatic performances in the arena commenced in earnest due to the zeal and initiative of the Italian opera tenor Giovanni Zenatello and the impresario Ottone Rovato. The first 20th-century operatic production at the arena, a staging of Giuseppe Verdi's Aida, took place on 10 August of that year, to mark the birth of Verdi 100 years before in 1813. Musical luminaries such as Puccini and Mascagni were in attendance. Since then, summer seasons of opera have been mounted continually at the arena, except in 1915â18 and 1940â45, when Europe was convulsed in war.
Nowadays, at least four productions (sometimes up to six) are mounted each year between June and August. During the winter months, the local opera and ballet companies perform at the L'Accademia Filarmonica.
Modern-day travellers are advised that admission tickets to sit on the arena's stone steps are much cheaper to buy than tickets giving access to the padded chairs available on lower levels. Candles are distributed to the audience and lit after sunset around the arena.
Every year over 500,000 people see productions of the popular operas in this arena.[3] Once capable of housing 20,000 patrons per performance (now limited to 15,000 because of safety reasons), the arena has featured many of world's most notable opera singers. In the post-World War II era, they have included Giuseppe Di Stefano, Maria Callas, Tito Gobbi and Renata Tebaldi among other names. A number of conductors have appeared there, too. The official arena shop has historical recordings made by some of them available for sale.
The opera productions in the Verona Arena had not used any microphones or loudspeakers until an electronic sound reinforcement system was installed in 2011.
In recent times, the arena has also hosted several concerts of international rock and pop bands, among which Laura Pausini, Pink Floyd, Alicia Keys, One Direction, Simple Minds, Duran Duran, Deep Purple, The Who, Dire Straits, Mike Oldfield, Rod Stewart, Sting, Pearl Jam, Radiohead, Peter Gabriel, Björk, Muse, Paul McCartney, Jamiroquai, and Whitney Houston.
In 1981, 1984 and 2010 it hosted the podium and presentation of the Giro d'Italia with thousands packing the arena to watch the prizes being handed out.
The 2011 Bollywood film Rockstar directed by Imtiaz Ali starring Ranbir Kapoor with music composed by Academy Award winner A.R.Rahman opens and closes with musical concerts shot here.
On 26 March 2013, Paul McCartney confirmed a show at the venue as part of his 2013 Tour. The show is scheduled to take place on Tuesday, 25 June 2013.
British-Irish boy band One Direction performed on 19 May 2013 as part of their Take Me Home Tour
Piazza Bra , or simply the Bra (a name derived from a corruption of the term "Braida", which in turn derives from the Lombard breit , or "off"), is the largest square in Verona , located in its center historian .
The square of Piazza Bra began to turn into only the first half of the sixteenth century , when the architect Michele San Micheli concluded the palace of Honorij : this building was to delimit the western side of the square of the future, as well as to establish a correct outlook on the ' Arena . The first attempt to transform the clearing dirt road instead of walking, however, was the mayor Alvise Mocenigo, who wanted to create a meeting place for the rising bourgeoisie Verona: he was able to inaugurate the first part of the Liston , a paved sidewalk that lines connecting the Bra Corso Porta Nuova in Via Mazzini , in 1770. La Gran Guardia , begun by the Venetians in the seventeenth century and completed by the Austrians in the ' Nineteenth Century , went to delimit the southern side of the square, while in 1836 the architect Giuseppe Barbieri designed the eastern edge, where a hospital were demolished, some houses and a church, which was built in place of the Gran Guardia Nuova , better known as Palazzo Barbieri. This, initially used as a barracks by the Austrians, became, as a result of ' annexation of Veneto to the Kingdom of Italy , the seat of the municipality of the City of Verona.
History
Origins
In Roman times , the place where you would then open the Bra was outside the city and yet away from the main roads. It is only since the first century AD, when it was built the ' amphitheater in the Roman Empire, better known as the Arena of Verona , who came to define the northern edge of what centuries later would become one of the main squares of Verona. In 305 the Emperor Galerius , during a short stay in the city, he opened a door along the walls which was built in 265 by the Emperor Gallienus , which surrounded the Arena went thus creating a first connection between the city and the place where later would be born Bra.
The square, however, began to abbozzarsi only in the Middle Ages: the walls of the city was enlarged at that point between 1130 and 1153, going to close so that piece of land that later would become, coming to have the size of a square. Those areas between the walls and the Roman city walls were called braide, from the Lombard breit ; the braida that could match the current Bra in the twelfth century was far more extensive than at the edge of the square today.
A door that the Braida along the city walls is already mentioned in a document dated 1257, but later his place was taken by the gates of the Bra , probably due to the Visconti and to the Venetians : the first arch is dated to the late fourteenth century and the second to the second half of the fifteenth century. The clock that is located between the two arches of the gates of the Bra was a gift of Count Antonio Nogarola made ââin 1871: it was installed with the dials is visible from one side on the other walls. The clock was inaugurated on June 2, 1872 and refurbished in 1879 because of its vagueness.
Development
Piazza Bra after the arrangement of the central gardens
Piazza Bra in the mid-twentieth century.
The Bra began to be defined as a square only in the first decade of the seventeenth century, when they started on the south side of the factories Gran Guardia and the seat of the ' Accademia Filarmonica of Verona . In conjunction with the factory della Gran Guardia became the leveling the square as possible, and also create some gradients to regulate the flow of stormwater, operation up to that time never practiced because the space was used by stonemasons, that here, as well as work, abandoning the resulting material, and because the clearing was used for the discharge of material from construction in progress in the area.
For others, one hundred and fifty years the space was in clay, in fact, only in 1770 the foundations were laid of Liston will of the mayor Alvise Mocenigo. On March 13, 1782 Francis Menegatti presented a project to the final lastricamento of Liston that the City Council approved and, after this surgery, the bra became the favorite place for afternoon walks in place of Piazza dei Signori . Goethe , in his essay Journey to Italy , describes enjoyed the arrival carriage with ladies and gentlemen, and said that the sunset loitered along the rim of the amphitheater enjoying the most beautiful views of the city. I insole and down on the pavement off the Bra 'walked a multitude of people .
The square was smoothed more times: in 1808 he was entrusted with the task of remaking the Liston architect Luigi Trezza and in 1820 excavations were carried out along the Arena, in order to bring to light the basis of the same, as it was buried about two feet because of the sediments that were deposited after the numerous floods that had undergone the city. He also opted for a lowering of the average level of Bra about 70 centimeters along a line slightly inclined from the Gran Guardia At Arena, lowering the share of Liston.
Plan of Bra in a drawing by Giuseppe Barbieri
As for the lighting, until the eighteenth century the bra at night was totally immersed in the dark; only in the nineteenth century were installed lights in oil and gas lighting in 1845, so that the Liston also became a place for evening strolls. Then important for the conformation of the square today, is the accommodation in the central part of the garden Bra occurred in 1873: the central gardens were created with three circles forming a triangle with a central fountain.
Between 1884 and 1951 the square was affected by the rails of the tramway town .
Events
It is interesting to read the description of Liston of an astonished reporter of the magazine Esperia in an article of 1837:
" ... the audience is walking the plank of 'Veronesi, extended space, which is located in a few cities: here business people are dining and comforting conversation, idleness is recreated, and the beautiful flock there to get tributes of glances and sighs of their worshipers ... and many cafes offer brilliant and sufficient acceptance to the numerous meetings that there agree. Street musicians and improvisers, unpleasant indeed, but the liveliness of the inhabitants always well received, breaking the monotony of chatter; and the music of the military garrison increase much fun. Very pleasing to the eye is in the summer thousands of people of both sexes, and before sitting under the porch; and a more active crowd by constantly prowling the paths formed by the rows of seats, and now dispense with a bow, and now dwell near some nice, vibrate envious compliments and words of hope and voting ... while the beautiful turn cautious gaze looking at the confused teeming with ill-concealed impatience, greeting or stop most expensive among the happy meeting ... "
In the past, however, the Bra was used for uses other than those described well by this reporter: in particular, after the twelfth century it was included in the city walls it was used for the wood, hay, straw and cattle, so that in ancient documents is called the Bra cattle market. More often is cited as the parade ground, as was the case here the review of the troops from the beginning of the Venetian rule, which is why this was one of the points of conflict between the French and Venetian soldiers during the Veronese Easters in 1797 . Starting from 1633, after the approval of the Venetian Senate for the creation of an exhibition of goods in the city, there were held two annual fairs fifteen days each, which continued to be held until one of them was destroyed by fire October 28, 1712, and then restored in another place, it was established only in 1822, a new exhibition, which would last in Piazza Bra for twenty years.
Fair in very old custom is instead to Saint Lucia : it takes place every year from 11 to 13 December, but do not know its origins. Legend has it that, probably in the communal, an epidemic broke out in the city that struck my eyes, it was so that the Veronese decided to make a pilgrimage to the church of Saint Lucia (no longer exists): the children, who did not want to participate , were persuaded to return with the promise that they would find the shoes filled with gifts. The miracle occurred, and since then the fair is held to coincide with the feast of Saint Lucia.
The comet of Verona during a night snowfall
During the Christmas season takes place within the Arena arches dell ' Arena, the International Festival of the Nativity , an event born in 1984 from the mind of Alfredo Troisi , along with the comet symbol of the event, from the reservoir from the Arena, go to dive in Bra. Over the years the star has taken on meanings and values ââare independent of the review of the nativity, as to be appreciated by itself. This architecture-sculpture was designed by architect and designer Rinaldo Olivieri : his intuition came to looking at a map of the city, characterized by two large voids, one of the auditorium and that of the square in front of the Arena. It was from this impression that he was born an ideal line, a huge arch that connects the Arena with the urban space, an arc of light and steel from the Temple of the music goes to fall and explode among citizens
Oldfields also known as the Lilly House and Gardens, is a 26-acre historic estate and house museum at Newfields in Indianapolis. The estate, an example of the American country house movement of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000. It was later designated a National Historic Landmark in 2003.
Oldfields was built between 1909 and 1913 by architect Lewis Ketcham Davis for the family of Hugh McKennan Landon, who occupied the home from 1913 until 1932 when it was sold to Josiah K. Lilly Jr. Lilly, the late Indianapolis businessman, collector, and philanthropist, renovated and expanded the estate throughout the 1930s and 1940s, updating interiors as well as adding a number of new buildings to the grounds.
Now known as the Lilly House, the 22-room mansion has undergone historic restoration and is now open to the public. The historic house is currently interpreted to reflect the 1930s era when the Lilly family occupied the residence. The rest of the Oldfields estate, which was given to the Art Association of Indianapolis by Lilly's children in 1967, now makes up a major portion of the Newfields campus. In addition to the home's significance as a representation of the American country house movement, Oldfields' gardens and grounds are a rare example of a preserved estate landscape designed by Percival Gallagher of the Olmsted Brothers firm.
Information from: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldfields
Mont Saint-Michel
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Le mont Saint-Michel est un îlot rocheux granitique d’environ 960 mètres de circonférence situé à l’est de l’embouchure du fleuve du Couesnon, dans le département de la Manche en Normandie, et dont le nom vient de l'archange saint Michel. Avant l'année 709, il était connu comme le « mont Tombe ». Pendant tout le Moyen Âge, il est couramment appelé « mont Saint-Michel au péril de la mer » (Mons Sancti Michaeli in periculo mari). L'abbaye du Mont-Saint-Michel est située sur le mont, et le mont constitue une petite partie du territoire de la commune du Mont-Saint-Michel.
Le mont Saint-Michel baigne dans la baie du Mont-Saint-Michel, ouverte sur la Manche. L’îlot atteint 92 mètres d’altitude et offre une superficie émergée d’environ 7 ha, la partie essentielle du rocher étant couverte par l’emprise au sol de l’abbaye du Mont-Saint-Michel et de son domaine. Cet îlot s’élève dans une grande plaine sablonneuse.
L’architecture du Mont-Saint-Michel et sa baie en font le site touristique le plus fréquenté de Normandie1. Le mont Saint-Michel est le troisième site touristique culturela le plus fréquenté de France après la tour Eiffel et le château de Versailles, avec près de 2,3 millions de visiteurs par an2 (3,25 millions en 20063, 2,3 millions en 20144).
Une statue de saint Michel placée au sommet de l’église abbatiale culmine à 150 mètres au-dessus du rivage. Éléments majeurs, l'abbaye et ses dépendances sont classées au titre des monuments historiques par la liste de 18625. (soixante autres constructions étant protégées par la suite6) ; le mont (îlot rocheux) et le cordon littoral de la baie figurant depuis 19797 sur la liste du patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO ainsi que le moulin de Moidrey depuis 20077. Depuis 1998, le mont Saint-Michel bénéficie en outre d'une seconde inscription sur la liste du patrimoine mondial en tant que composante du bien en série Chemins de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle en France8.
En 1846, Édouard Le Héricher le décrivait ainsi : « Le mont Saint-Michel apparaît comme une montagne circulaire qui semble s’affaisser sous la pyramide monumentale qui la couronne. On voudrait prolonger sa cime en une flèche aiguë qui monterait vers le ciel (la flèche actuelle ne date que de 1899), dominant son dais de brouillards ou se perdant dans une pure et chaude lumière. De vastes solitudes l’environnent, celle de la grève ou celle de la mer, encadrées dans de lointaines rives verdoyantes ou noires9. »
La baie
Le mont Saint-Michel (l’îlot ou l’abbaye) est situé dans la baie du Mont-Saint-Michel, dont le cordon littoral figure au patrimoine mondial de l’Unesco (inscription de 1979).
La baie qui fait partie du Massif armoricain repose sur un socle précambrien de grès et de schistes argileux qui se métamorphisent autour des éperons granitiques cadomiens de Cancale, Avranches, Chausey et Carolles. Toujours pendant le cycle cadomien, les granites intrusifs cambriens ont donné le mont-Dol, l'îlot Tombelaine et le mont Saint-Michel qui est constitué d'un pluton de leucogranite à biotite et muscovite datant de 525 millions d'années : l'îlot Saint-Michel fait une circonférence d'environ 960 mètres et une hauteur de 92 mètres10.
Les marées dans la baie du mont Saint-Michel ont une amplitude de près de treize mètres les jours de fort coefficient, la mer se retire à grande vitesse sur une dizaine de kilomètres, mais revient aussi vite. L’expression consacrée est « qu’elle revient à la vitesse d’un cheval au galop ». Le mont Saint-Michel n’est entouré d'eau et ne redevient une île qu’aux grandes marées d'équinoxe, cinquante-trois jours par an, pendant quelques heures. Mais c’est un spectacle impressionnant qui attire de nombreux touristes ces jours là.
L'ancienne digue
La digue-route qui reliait le mont au continent avait été construite en 1879. En retenant le sable, elle avait aggravé l’ensablement naturel de la baie, au point que le mont risquait un jour de ne plus être une île. D'où la mise en œuvre du projet de rétablissement du caractère maritime du Mont-Saint-Michel.
Le projet de rétablissement du caractère maritime de l’île
Le 24 juin 1983, François Mitterrand inaugure les travaux de démolition de la digue (submersible) de la roche Torin et du rétablissement du caractère maritime. Le projet, appelé jusque dans les années 1990 « désensablement du Mont », est rebaptisé « rétablissement du caractère maritime du mont Saint-Michel » car il s'agit d'un processus naturel, la marée montante (vitesse du courant de flot : 1 m/s par coefficient de marée moyen, soit 3,6 km/h) ayant un flux plus élevé que celui de la marée descendante (vitesse du courant de jusant : 0,75 m/s, soit 2,7 km/h)11.
En 1995, les études sont déclarées honnêtes ; la puissance des ordinateurs a augmenté ainsi que les codes de calcul : on peut monter la commission[précision nécessaire] du Mont-Saint-Michel, qui doit préserver son insularité et faire arriver des touristes payants régulés.
Il s'en déduit les éléments suivants du projet12 :
•suppression du parking : un autre parking est construit au sud du barrage de la Caserne sur le Couesnon (barrage qui est reconstruit) à 2,5 km du mont (planté de 45 000 arbres et arbustes, ce parking situé dans la zone commerciale La Caserne propose plus de 4 000 places de stationnement). Des navettes spéciales (à moteur et à cheval type maringotte) amènent les visiteurs par une nouvelle digue sur les herbus (levée de terre empierrée longue de 1 085 m et haute de 9,50 m). Cette digue est prolongée par un pont-passerelle (longue de 760 m). Cette « jetée » sur pilotis en acier enfoncés dans des pieux de béton de (30 m) de profondeur jusqu'à la roche, est scindée en 3 branches : deux cheminements piétonniers recouverts d’un platelage de chêne et une chaussée centrale en béton armé réservée à la circulation de navettes) et un terre-plein d'ancrage (permettant l'accès aux secours) au pied des remparts surmonté d’un gué en béton submersible lors des grandes marées (120 m), permettant au mont de conserver son insularité 20 jours par an lors des grandes marées ; dans le futur, une gare SNCF sera construite sur le continent, avec des trains directs depuis Paris-Vaugirard (Montparnasse-3)[réf. à confirmer] ;
•côté île : le Couesnon doit être chenalisé de part et d’autre du mont Saint-Michel, 2⁄3 à l’Ouest en Bretagne et 1⁄3 à l’Est en Normandie, le barrage servant de barrage de chasse de 700 000 m3. Des échelles à poissons sont prévues, pour les anguilles (catadromes) comme les saumons (anadromes). La construction du barrage sur le Couesnon est officiellement lancée le 16 juin 2006.
Le projet de liaison ferroviaire est actualisé, mais de nombreuses incertitudes demeurent. Dans un rapport13, le Conseil général des ponts et chaussées détaille les options possibles, en omettant la liaison ferroviaire établie entre 1901 et 1938.
À partir de 2006, l'État, seul concepteur du projet, se désengage de sa réalisation opérationnelle. Les travaux sont alors confiés exclusivement aux collectivités territoriales locales, déjà regroupées depuis 1997 dans un syndicat mixte, le syndicat mixte « Baie du Mont-Saint-Michel »14.
En août 2008, les quatre premières vannes sont opérationnelles dans la partie ouest du nouveau barrage du Couesnon, fonctionnant en portes à flots en attendant la livraison des quatre autres en cours de montage. L'ancien barrage est détruit en novembre 200815.
Le nouveau barrage-passerelle est mis en service en mai 200916 et ouvert au public en juin 201017. La retenue d'eau constituée à marée montante est lâchée à marée descendante, générant un effet « chasse d'eau » qui doit permettre le désensablement de la baie du Mont-Saint-Michel18.
Le projet de rétablissement du caractère maritime de 200 millions d'euros, notamment le stationnement et le transport des visiteurs attribué à l’automne 2009 à la délégation de service public Veolia Transdev, suscite de vives polémiques, tant au niveau de son suivi financier que de ses choix techniques et économiques (prix du parking, suppression de la navette gratuite « Montoise » qui transporte les habitants du Mont et les 600 employés saisonniers), comme le révèle un rapport de la chambre régionale des comptes de Normandie19,14.
Depuis le 22 juillet 2014, les visiteurs peuvent se rendre au mont par les nouveaux ouvrages d'accès créés par l'architecte Dietmar Feichtinger. Une nouvelle digue et une passerelle sur pilotis laissant passer l'eau en dessous desservent désormais l'île. L'ancienne digue a maintenant été totalement démolie20.
Toponymie
À l'origine, il était connu sous l'appellation de in monte qui dicitur Tumba vers 850 (mont Tombe) : le mot tumba, « tombe », rare en toponymie, est à interpréter dans le sens de « tertre », « élévation »)21. Le nom de la localité est attesté sous les formes Montem Sancti Michaelis dictum en 966, loco Sancti Archangelis Michaelis sito in monte qui dicitur Tumba en 1025 et, en 1026, Saint Michiel del Mont au XIIe siècle22, au Moyen Âge, il est couramment appelé « mont Saint-Michel au péril de la mer » (Mons Sancti Michaeli in periculo mari)23.
Son nom viendrait d'un petit oratoire en forme de grotte construit en 708 (ou 710) par saint Aubert, évêque d'Avranches24, dédié à l'archange saint Michel. Les restes de cet oratoire ont été retrouvés et sont encore visibles dans la chapelle Notre-Dame-sous-Terre, c’est-à-dire sous la terrasse qui prolonge la nef de l’abbatialeb.
Histoire
Un village, implanté sur le mont dès 709, voit vers le milieu du siècle suivant sa population s'accroître à la suite semble-t-il des raids vikings qui incitent les populations habitant des établissements ruraux et des villages voisins au mont, à s'y réfugier. Il se développe tout au long du Moyen Âge à l’ombre de son abbaye25. Au nord de l’église paroissiale Saint-Pierre, le bâtiment double appelé La Merveille est un chef-d’œuvre de l’architecture gothique. Il est construit sur trois niveaux à flanc de rocher.
L’économie du mont a donc été tributaire, pendant douze siècles, des nombreux pèlerinages à Saint Michel, notamment jusqu’à la Révolution française, la population locale s'installant pour proposer gîte et couvert aux miquelots. Le pèlerin, appelé michelet26, venait de toute l’Europe : depuis l’Angleterre, la France du nord et de l’ouest, etc. Un réseau de routes montoises a été récemment étudié et remis en valeur, notamment à cause de l’attrait touristique important que représente le site et sa baie. À la suite de la tempête de fin décembre 1999, les vestiges d'un ancien atelier de plombs de pèlerinage sont mis au jour27.
Les habitants du mont vivent aussi du XVe au XIXe siècle grâce à la prison en hébergeant ses gardiens et en accueillant ses visiteurs. La dernière prison ferme en 1863. La construction d'une digue-route en 1879 puis d'une voie ferrée reliant Pontorson permet l'essor du tourisme de masse qui vit notamment grâce à la vente d'articles de souvenir de pèlerinage25.
Le temps du tourisme
Déjà depuis le XIXe siècle, les auteurs et peintres romantiques venaient au mont, pour son charme unique et ses qualités pittoresques, tels Guy de Maupassant. À la fin du siècle, plusieurs hôtels sont établis au Mont. Dans la deuxième moitié du XXe siècle, la mutation du site en un lieu de visite de rang mondial a fait de la petite commune normande l’une des premières destinations touristiques de France.
La fréquentation du site et de l'abbaye est concentrée dans le temps. Elle est la plus forte au cours de la période estivale et de certains week-ends printaniers qui concentrent le tiers des visiteurs du Mont-Saint-Michel, avec une moyenne journalière approchant les 12 000 visiteurs et des pics dépassant les 16 000 visiteurs par jour, avec un flux de visiteurs de moins en moins dense au fur et à mesure de l'ascension vers l'abbaye (un tiers seulement montant jusqu’à l’abbaye). Le temps moyen de visite est de deux à trois heures. « Au cours d’une journée, c’est entre 11h et 16h que la densité de visiteurs sur le site est la plus forte »28.
Le Mont connaît un déclin de fréquentation depuis le début du XXIe siècle, passant de 3,5 millions de visiteurs à 2,3 millions en 2014. Le site pâtirait en effet des nouvelles conditions de desserte de l'îlot et de la mauvaise réputation du Mont-Saint-Michel qui fait payer cher des prestations médiocres29.
Les prisons
Des prisons furent établies sur le mont Saint-Michel durant une très longue période de son histoire30,31,32. Après que les moines furent chassés lors de la Révolution française, le mont Saint-Michel fut transformé en prison pour prêtres réfractaires en 1793 et son nom changé en Mont Libre33 ; puis en 1811 en maison de force pour prisonniers de droit commun et prisonniers politiques jusqu'en 1863.
Monuments et lieux touristiques
Soixante-et-un immeubles situés sur l'îlot sont protégés au titre des monuments historiques6, par plusieurs campagnes de protection, réalisées notamment en 1928 et 1934.
D’une dimension hors norme, les travaux de rénovation de l’immense bâtiment du XIIIe siècle, lancés fin 2020, devraient durer jusqu’en 202334.
Présence humaine sur le mont
Les Fraternités monastiques de Jérusalem
Depuis 2001, des frères et des sœurs des Fraternités monastiques de Jérusalem, venues de l’église Saint-Gervais de Paris, assurent une présence religieuse toute l'année. Ils remplacent les moines bénédictins, qui peu à peu désertèrent le Mont après 1979.
Le Festival 13 siècles entre ciel et mer
Lors de l'élaboration des festivités du 13e centenaire de la fondation du mont, le diocèse de Coutances et d'Avranches et l'association Robert de Torigni décident, entre autres, de créer un festival d'art chrétien pour « sensibiliser le visiteur au côté spirituel du Mont-Saint-Michel ».
Après ce festival, il est décidé de perpétuer le festival, chaque été, pendant une semaine[Passage à actualiser].
Économie
Trois grandes familles se partagent les commerces de la commune, et se succèdent à l’administration de la ville (Éric Vannier35, Jean Yves Vetelé36 et Patrick Gaulois37). On compte trois cents commerces pour trois millions de touristes, alors qu'en 2013 la commune compte 44 résidents (20 dans les polders, 24 intra-muros) et 99 électeurs. Intra-muros travaillent 54 commerçants et résident 24 Montois (une famille de deux parents et deux enfants, une commerçante, l'administrateur du monument, deux pompiers, un agent de sécurité, cinq moines, sept moniales et trois prêtres)38.
L’abbaye est propriété de l’État, gérée par le Centre des monuments nationaux.
Le Mont-Saint-Michel est dénommé « commune touristique » depuis août 200939.
À la suite des travaux de rétablissement du caractère maritime du Mont Saint-Michel mis en œuvre localement par un Syndicat mixte et débutés en 2006, les groupes hôteliers du Mont se livrent à une guerre commerciale, notamment à propos du chemin pédestre qui relie depuis 2012 les parkings au départ des navettes touristiques pour le Mont, Jean Yves Vetelé et Patrick Gaulois accusant Éric Vannier d'avoir usé de son statut de maire pour peser sur un vote en 2009 du syndicat mixte au sujet du point de départ des navettes qui a été fixé au milieu de deux établissements gérés par Vannier40,41. Le maire du Mont-Saint-Michel Éric Vannier est finalement condamné en correctionnelle à 30 000 euros d’amende, dont 20 000 avec sursis, pour prise illégale d'intérêts42.
Personnages célèbres liés au mont Saint-Michel
•Robert de Torigni, célèbre abbé du mont.
•Guillaume de Saint Pair, moine de l’abbaye auteur du Roman du Mont-Saint-Michel.
•Le duc de Chartres (futur Louis-Philippe Ier), venu démolir la « cage de fer ».
•Mathurin Bruneau, sabotier, escroc et faux Louis XVII, prisonnier au mont en 1821-1822.
•Auguste Blanqui, prisonnier politique au mont.
•Armand Barbès, prisonnier politique au mont.
•Monseigneur Bravard, restaurateur de l'abbaye après la Révolution.
•La mère Poulard, restauratrice (voir ci-dessous).
•Émile Couillard, écrivain, historien du mont et abbé du Mont-Saint-Michel.
Gastronomie locale
Le mont Saint-Michel se situe à l’embouchure du Couesnon. Côté terre, des aménagements de digues déjà anciens ont permis jusqu’à aujourd’hui de gagner sur la mer des terrains consacrés à l’agriculture et à l’élevage (dont celui des ovins, qualifiés de moutons « de pré-salé »). Le mouton ou l’agneau de pré-salé, appelé grévin43 est ainsi une spécialité normande, à déguster de préférence grillé au feu de bois.
Une grande activité médiatique, à laquelle a participé de facto le dessinateur Christophe avec sa famille Fenouillard entoure la préparation de l’omelette de la mère Poulard (du nom du restaurant situé dans le village et réputé pour cette spécialité). Celle-ci est faite d’œufs et de crème fraîche, abondamment battus en neige dans une bassine de cuivre avec un long fouet sur un rythme spécial que peuvent entendre les passants avant d’être cuite dans une poêle de cuivre sur un feu de bois.
Références culturelles au mont Saint-Michel
Dans la peinture
•Le mont Saint-Michel fait fréquemment l'objet de représentations dans les manuscrits enluminés du Moyen Âge. La plus célèbre est sans doute celle des Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry, illustrant la fête de l'archange dans le livre d'heures. La miniature est attribuée à l'un des frères de Limbourg, qui l'a peinte entre 1411 et 1416. Le mont est également représenté dans au moins sept autres livres d'heures du XVe siècle comme celui de Bruxelles à l'occasion de l'illustration d'une fuite en Égypte (vers 1400), dans les Heures du Maréchal Boucicaut (musée Jacquemart-André) au folio 11v (vers 1405), dans le Livre d'heures Sobieski conservé au château de Windsor, (f.204v) et attribué au Maître de Bedford, le Livre d'heures à l'usage de Nantes conservé à la Bodleian Library (1450-1455)44.
•L'affiche Le Mont-Saint-Michel réalisée en 1934 par le peintre Pierre Matossy pour les Chemins de fer de l'Ouest est recherchée des collectionneurs.
Dans la littérature
•En 1832, dans le roman fantastique La Fée aux miettes, Charles Nodier évoque les sables mouvants de la baie du Mont-Saint-Michel45.
•En 1850, le roman historique de Paul Féval, La Fée des grèves, dont l’action se situe en 1450, évoque les légendes du Mont-Saint-Michel et du mont Tombelaine46.
•En 1887, dans Le Horla, récit fantastique de Guy de Maupassant, le personnage principal termine son voyage thérapeutique au mont Saint-Michel47.
•En 1967, dans le cycle des Princes d'Ambre, Roger Zelazny s'inspire des aménagements et particularités du Mont-Saint-Michel pour créer sa cité d'Ambre.
•En 1984, le ministère de la Culture publie le livre découpage du créateur François Rouillay, permettant de revivre mille ans d'histoire et d'architecture du mont Saint-Michel, préfacé par Françoise Chandernagor.
•En 2003, Da Vinci Code (The Da Vinci Code) de Dan Brown fait référence au mont Saint-Michel.
•En 2004, La Promesse de l'ange, roman policier archéologique de Frédéric Lenoir et Violette Cabesos situe l’action principalement au mont Saint-Michel.
•En 2005, le thriller Le Sang du temps de Maxime Chattam se déroule au mont Saint-Michel en 2005 et dans l’Égypte des années 1920.
•En 2011, le roman de science-fiction L'Ère du Vent de Pierre Bameul, donne le mont Saint-Michel comme siège d'un Nouveau Vatican post-apocalyptique.
Dans la bande dessinée
•En 1999 et 2000, le mont Saint-Michel est le cadre des Aventures de Vick et Vicky ; Bruno Bertin publie aux Éditions P'tit Louis deux bandes dessinées jeunesse, Les Archanges du Mont-Saint-Michel : Le Testament (tome 1) et La Malédiction (tome 2).
•En 2008, la bande dessinée Le Diable & l’Archange, texte et dessin de Guillaume Néel, couleur de Julien Gondouin, reprend une légende médiévale sur la création du Mont-Saint-Michel ; en accompagnement, un livret pédagogique permet de mieux comprendre le Diable et l’Archange, l’historique du Mont, la ville.
Dans la musique
•En 1996, le compositeur anglais Mike Oldfield publie l’album Voyager, dont un des titres est consacré au mont Saint-Michel.
•En 1998, le compositeur français Patrick Broguière [archive] publie sous le titre Mont Saint-Michel un concept album de rock progressif entièrement consacré aux légendes du mont Saint-Michel.
•En 1999, le harpiste breton Kirjuhel publie l’album Echo of Mont-Saint-Michel.
•En 2001, le musicien anglais Aphex Twin, originaire de Cornouailles, publie l’album de musique électronique Drukqs, dont le titre Mt Saint Michel + St Michael's Mount est inspiré à la fois par le mont Saint-Michel et le St Michael's Mount, situé en Cornouailles.
Au cinéma
Voir la catégorie : Film tourné au Mont-Saint-Michel.
•1975 : L'Incorrigible de Philippe de Broca, où le rêve d'un des personnages est d'empêcher l'ensablement du mont Saint-Michel
•1976 : Passion violente (Dedicato a una stella) de Luigi Cozzi
•1983 : Pauline à la plage d'Éric Rohmer
•1998 : Armageddon de Michael Bay
•2009 : Une semaine sur deux (et la moitié des vacances scolaires) d'Ivan Calbérac
•2013 : À la merveille (To the Wonder) de Terrence Malick
•2016 : Tout pour être heureux de Cyril Gelblat
À la télévision
•2010 : L'Ombre du Mont-Saint-Michel, téléfilm français de Klaus Biedermann
•2017 : The Package (더 패키지, Deo Paekiji), série télévisée sud-coréenne, où le groupe de touristes y fait une étape lors de leur voyage en France.
En philatélie
•Dès 1930 la poste a émis un timbre de 5 Francs brun.
•En 1966, un nouveau timbre de 25 centimes, noir, vert et rouge sur paille est émis à l'occasion du millénaire de l'abbaye du Mont-Saint-Michel.
•En 1998, nouveau timbre de 3 francs, multicolore. Ce timbre sera élu plus beau timbre de l'année.
•En 2006, la poste dans une émission commune avec les Nations unies de Genève émet deux timbres dont l'un est le mont Saint-Michel et son abbaye (Manche) dont la valeur est de 90 centimes d'euro. Le thème était : Monuments. Patrimoine mondial48.
En numismatique
•Le mont Saint-Michel est représenté sur la pièce de 20 francs Mont-Saint-Michel (1992-2001).
Dans les jeux vidéo
•Le mont Saint-Michel est représenté dans Onimusha 3.
•Le mont Saint-Michel est une des merveilles mondiales qu'il est possible de construire dans le jeu Civilization VI.
•Le mont Saint-Michel est représenté à l'époque de la Renaissance dans Assassin's Creed Brotherhood, jeu vidéo édité par Ubisoft Montréal. La ville est en effet proposée comme terrain de jeu (« carte ») pour des parties multijoueurs dans le premier contenu téléchargeable sorti en décembre 201049,50.
•Dans Kingdom Hearts 3D, le mont Saint-Michel est une partie du monde Pays des Mousquetaires. On en entend aussi parler dans certains dialogues.
•Le mont Saint-Michel est présent sur une des jaquettes du jeu Castlevania: Symphony of the Night.
Another picture where my original description appears to have been corrupted. I will slowly be returning the information over the next few days (4th May 2012) and incorporating the updates.
F Hood
Herbert Richard Howard (possibly)
......died 8th May 1915...........had lived Love Lane
Ambrose Arthur Howes
........died 11th April 1917........resident Common Road and then Chapel Lane
Harcourt Howes
........died 10th December 1915...resident Ketteringham Hall Estate
Harry (poss. Herbert) Howes
........died 21st February 1917
Edward Charles Howlett
..........died 9th April 1916
Burroughes Maurice Hughes
.........died 15th September 1915....resident Market Street
Horace Hutson
............died 3rd May 1917..............father lived Cavick Road
Algy James Jermyn
..........died 22nd November 1915...father lived Downham Road
(Poss) Sydney William Jermyn
........died 1920...........................resident Silfield Road
Herbert Henry Joyce
..........died 25th July 1916.............resident Norwich Road.
Bert Kerridge
...........died 20th December 1918...resident Market Street
Arthur Edwin Kerridge
...........died 4th December 1919......had resided Market Street
Frank Raymond Kerridge
...........died 3rd May 1917................resident Market Street
George Theodore Kett
...........died 23rd August 1917.........resident Fairland Street
K King
(Poss.) George Lamb.....................died 3rd July 1916
(Poss.) Edward Lamb.....................died 14th June 1917
Harry Joseph Leggatt
............died 15th September 1916...mother resident Wood Cottages, Park Farm
Ailwyn Edward Lloyd
..............died 31st July 1917.....parents resident Northfield
George Watson Lloyd
..............died 10th October 1917.parents resident Northfield
Frederick William Lloyd
..............died 9th April 1916.....resident Silfield
Edward Mabbutt
..............died 30th July 1917....resident White Horse Street
Heber Meale
...............died 19th April 1917....resident Chandlers Hill
John William Nicholls
................died 13th November 1916
Edward Charles Oldfield
.............died 8th August 1918...resident Folly Road
John Clement Ollett.......................died 9th May 1915
Sidney James Peacock
............died 4th December 1917...resident Town Green and Vicar Street
Ernest Edward Proctor
............died 8th August 1918....resident White Horse Street
James Bertie Proctor
............died 26th September 1915....resident The Lizard.
W Proctor...........possibly William H, brother of Ernest
Bale Race.
...........died 24th August 1914......resident Town Green
Maurice Percy Reyner
........died 22nd August 1919...resident Church Street then Abbeygate
E P Read
Edward Albert Reeve
.......died 13th August 1915....resident Norwich Road \ The Common
John Julius Rush
........died 21st October 1916....resident Norwich Common
On 8 July 2019, 70813 approaches Oldfield Park on 6C36 Westbury - Aberthaw cement as 159108 departs on the 1550 Bristol Temple Meads - Waterloo.
70812 passing Oldfield Park Station with 6C36, 1220 Westbury to Aberthaw empty cement tanks on a rather overcast 5 June, 2018. I don’t know why the Exif file calls it Southdown: it’s most certainly Oldfield Park!
As Lofty and Red carefully peruse the timetable, behind them 59205 exits the Bath down goods loop at Oldfield Park with a working of empty JNA open wagons from Westbury bound for Bennets siding at Avonmouth.
The freight working had been routed into the goods loop, formerly the exit of Westmoreland Goods Yard (known latterly as Westmoreland Railhead - a refuse transfer terminal administered by Avon County Council and closed in 2011) for a spot of "Oldfield Parking" to allow the passing of FGW 1C07 09.03 Paddington to BTM working.
Oldfield Park station is a short walk from Twerton Park, the home ground of Bath City F.C ('The Romans' - presumably for the obvious reasons). During the period 1986 to 1996 Twerton Park was shared with Bristol Rovers ('The Gas' or 'The Pirates') who had vacated their Eastville Stadium (now an IKEA in Bristol) at a time of financial difficulty for the club. This was an opportunity for myself and 3 friends, only one of whom was a true 'Gashead/Pirate', to watch some big Football League sides only 15 minutes from our home in Frome. Two particular matches stand out, the first was an FA Cup tie on 5th February 1992 when the visitors were mighty Liverpool who left Twerton having managed to salvage a 1-1 draw (and their pride), they won 2-1 in the replay at Anfield however - a great atmosphere and well worth the £7 investment. The second match of particular note (also 1992) was a 1-0 home victory against visitors Millwall, I particularly remember the sense of fear and dread as the near 4000 Rovers supporters cowered in the home stands as the 400-or-so travelling fans were cajoled and cattle-prodded out of the ground after the match - in those days Hooliganism was still an ever-present (if infrequent) problem in English football, the large clubs had violent followings (or Firms as they were known), the Millwall firm went by the name "The Bushwackers". Apparently the West Ham group were known as the "Inter City Firm" - The name came from the use of InterCity trains to travel to away games (I'm guessing they arrived late for most fixtures hence the violent tendencies).
I am told that the Chelsea firm were known as "The Florists" (after the annual flower show held in that London borough since 1912) although I suspect this to have been a lie.
Interestingly, the fans of Millwall are known to chant from the terraces "no one likes us, we don't care", this same refrain was considered in 1980 for a British Rail advertising campaign, eventually however they settled on "this is the age of the train" presented by that nice man Jimmy Saville.
A side view of Colas 60076 as it passes Oldfield Park with 6V62 Tilbury to Llanwern steel empties on 18th April 2015.
In the top right corner of the shot can be seen Bath's Royal Crescent and St Stephen's church!
004 approaches Oldfield Park with a loaded stone to Avonmouth in connection with the construction of the 2nd Severn Crossing 21/6/93.
Back row: W. Bardsley, J. Ryder, M.L. Hendry, J.M. Gregory, E.R. Mayne, T.L.E. Andrews, S. Smith (Manager),
Middle Row: A. Mailey, E.A. McDonald, H.L. Collins, W.W. Armstrong (Captain), C.G. Macartney, H. Carter, J.M. Taylor
Front row: C.E. Pellew, W.A. Oldfield
Ubuntu Hoary Hedgehog + KDE 3.4.2 + Plastik window decoration + FlatSVG icons + Crises color scheme + Celtic 2 preview X11 mouse theme + this Crises (Mike Oldfield) wallpaper.
