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Happiness
Carl Sandburg
I asked the professors who teach the meaning of life to tell
me what is happiness .
And I went to famous executives who boss the work of
thousands of men .
They all shook their heads and gave me a smile as though
I was trying to fool with them
And then one Sunday afternoon I wandered out along
the Desplaines river
And I saw a crowd of Hungarians under the trees with
their women and children and a keg of beer and an accordion.
30th January 2018 at the Edinburgh University Collection of Historic Musical Instruments, St Cecilia’s Hall, Edinburgh.
The Harpsichord was a popular instrument in Europe between the 15th and 18th centuries. Pressing a key on the instrument's keyboard lifts a jack (a long strip of wood) that holds a small plectrum (a wedge-shaped piece of quill, now usually plastic), which plucks the string. When the player releases the key, the jack falls back and a felt damper at the top of the jack stops the string vibratiing. The term harpsichord is used to cover a family of instrument, but more specifically a grand-piano-shaped instrument with a triangular case accommodating long bass and short treble strings. Harpsichords can have one, two, and sometimes even three keyboards, which are called manuals. Single manual harpsichords usually have two sets of strings per note, whilst double manual harpsichords usually have a third set of strings that sounds one octave higher than played. The upper manual was originally used for transposing; and later for contrast of tone with the ability to couple the registers of both manuals for a fuller sound.
This instrument was made in 1764 by Jean Goermans / Pascal Taskin in Paris. It is a double-manual Harpsichord. French Harpsichords developed from Flemish ones, extending the range by an octave. They had a rich tone with deep basses.
Harpsichords are assigned the number 314.122-6-8 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
31 = Simple Chordophones. Instruments which are in essence simply a string or strings and a string bearer
314 = Board Zither. Instrument uses a string bearer that is shaped like a board, or is the ground.
314.1 = Instrument with strings parallel to the string bearer.
314.12 = Instrument has a resonator.
314.122 = Box Zither. Instrument has a resonator made from slats.
314.122-6-8 = Strings are caused to vibrate by plectrum and keyboard.
Williams College Department of Music. Donated by Telford Taylor, Class of 1928, in memory of his father, John Bellamy Taylor (1875-1963), who had collected the instruments.
6th March 2016 at the Old Rose & Crown, London E17 (duo with Alice Jones).
The BanSitar is a 5-string banjo with a sitar bridge added, devised by Helmut Rheingans in England. A sitar bridge is a flat piece of bone which sits just beneath the strings at the bridge end and tapers gently away towards the instrument's fingerboard. This causes the strings to vibrate. There are no sympathetic strings as on a Sitar.
This instrument was made by Helmut Rheingans but was a on off constructed like Bouzouki, with the neck set in a top block rather than a bolt on neck and coordinator rod. Therefore it is more of a Bowl Lute than a Spike Lute, and could even be called a BouzSitar.
Bansitars are usually assigned the number 321.312-5 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
32 = Composite Chordophone. Acoustic and electro acoustic instruments which have a resonator as an integral part of the instrument, and solid-body electric chordophones.
321 = Lutes. Instruments where the plane of the strings runs parallel with the resonators surface.
321.3 = Handle Lutes. Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle.
321.31 = Spike Lutes. Instruments in which the handle passes diametrically through the resonator.
321.312 = Spike Box Lutes. Instruments in which the resonator is built up from wood.
321.312-5 = Instruments where the strings are vibrated by bare hands and fingers.
30th January 2018 at the Edinburgh University Collection of Historic Musical Instruments, St Cecilia’s Hall, Edinburgh.
The Yueqin (or Moon Lute) is a lute with a round, hollow wooden body. It has a short fretted neck and three or four silk strings, and is played with a long plectrum. The Yueqin is related to the Ruan family of instruments and is played in the Beijing opera orchestra (where it has two single strings).
This instrument was made before 1872.
Yueqins are assigned the number 321.322-6 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
32 = Composite Chordophone. Acoustic and electro acoustic instruments which have a resonator as an integral part of the instrument, and solid body electric chordophones.
321 = Lutes. Instruments where the plane of the strings runs parallel with the resonators surface.
321.3 = Handle Lutes. Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle.
321.32 = Necked Lutes. Instrument in which the handle is attached to, or carved from, the resonator, like a neck
321.322 = Necked Box Lutes. Instruments in which the resonator is built up from wood.
321.322-6 = Strings vibrated by a plectrum.
30th January 2018 at the Edinburgh University Collection of Historic Musical Instruments, St Cecilia’s Hall, Edinburgh.
The Temple Block is a hollow wooden instrument with a slit which is hit with a stick. It differs from a Wood block in being going to be lower pitched and making less of a click sound. Temple blocks are usually come in groups of dfferent pitches which can number up to five. They have become regular parts of a percussion set either in on a fixed mount or placed seperately on a table. Their origins lie in the Wooden Fish found in temples in East Asia such as the Muyu in China. In the west they have their fishlike bulbous shape has been replaced by a rectangular or ovoid one.
In this photo a set of four blocks are included amongst the instruments on a trap tray. These were made in the middle of the 20th century.
Temple Blocks are assigned the number 111.24 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
object (hand, stick, striker) or against a non-sonorous object (human body, the ground).
1 = Idiophones. Sound is primarily produced by the actual body of the instrument vibrating, rather than a string, membrane, or column of air.
11 = Struck Idiophones. These idiophones are set in vibration by being struck.
111 = Directly Struck Idiophones. The player himself executes the movement of striking; whether by mechanical intermediate devices, beaters, keyboards, or by pulling ropes, etc.
111.2 = Percussive idiophones. The instrument is struck either with a non-sonorous object (hand, stick, striker) or against a non-sonorous object (human body, the ground).
111.24 = Percussion vessels.
FAIRBURN, GA - April 14: The Georgia Renaissance Festival
Spice Traders Music - Justin Williams and his wife, Meghan.
©Danielle Boise/Target Audience Magazine
Am playing the didjiridoo while strumming the strings of the Swarmandal, which is a drone-instrument. The two together create quite a strong atmosphere and mood.
1st April 2016 at Royal Festival Hall (Bar level 2), London SE1 (Josh Kemp gig).
The first Hammond Organ was invented by Laurens Hammond in the 1930s. Until the 1970s they were electro-mechanical instruments. They contained tonewheels which rotated beneath electromagnetic pickups. More recently they have been replaced by Clonewheel Organs, electronic instruments which emulate the sound of the electromechanical tonewheel-based organs.
This is a KeyB Duo, a modern electronic instrument which reproduces the sound of a Hammond B3/C3. The keyboard is designed to replicate that of a tonewheel organ.
Electronic Organs are assigned the number 5 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
5 = Electrophones. Sound is generated by electrical means.
The sape (sampet, sampeh, sapeh) is a traditional lute of many of the Orang Ulu or "upriver people", who live in the longhouses that line the rivers of Central Borneo. Sapes are carved from a single bole of wood, with many modern instruments reaching over a metre in length. (source wikipedia)
To listen to this piece of wonder go to
24th September 2020 at Horniman Museum, London SE23.
The Baroque Flute is a one-keyed flute popular from the 1670s until the late 18th and early 19th centuries, when it was supplanted by multi-keyed flutes. The instrument is made of wood (the most commonly being boxwood, ebony, and grenadilla) and consists of three (or later four) pieces. It has a conical bore that is wide at the end placed with against the lips and tapers to become significantly more narrow at the bottom. There are It has six fingerholes plus a seventh hole on the far end that is closed unless opened by the single key.
These instruments are 1-key Flutes. From top to bottom they were made 1734-54 (by Thomas Stanesby junior of London), 1775-1800 (by Johann Friedrich Boie of Gottingen, Germany), and 1775 - 1800 (by "Jacob, London" who may be John Jacob Astor).
Baroque Flutes are assigned the number 421.121.12 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
4 = Aerophones. Sound is primarily produced by vibrating air. The instrument itself does not vibrate, and there are no vibrating strings or membranes.
42 = Non-Free Aerophones. The vibrating air is contained within the instrument.
421 = Edge-Blown Flutes. A narrow stream of air is directed against an edge.
421.1 = Flutes without a Duct. The player makes a ribbon-shaped flow of air with his lips.
421.12 = Side-Blown Flutes. The player blows against the sharp rim of a hole in the side of the tube.
421.121 = Single Side-Blown Flutes.
421.121.1 = Open Side-Blown Flutes.
421.121.12 = With Fingerholes.
I found an old elementary school music text book in the free pile at the library and I liked some of the photos inside, and so will you.
It's from "Silver Burdett Music" published in 1978 by Silver Burdett Company. The photographer was John Bacchus.
8th October 2020 at Horniman Museum, London SE23.
The Popgun is a child's toy gun from which an object is shot by compressed air, producing a loud pop. It is related to the air rifles and pistols used by hunters and the military dating to the 15th century. In the 19th century the toy develped whose purpose was as a noise maker rather than sending a projectile a long distance. Some versions send a tethered cork or flag out of a barrel, others simply create a loud noise.
This instrument was made in Eastern Europe in the 20th century. It has a cork plug at other end of cylinder, joined to the gun with string.
Popguns are assigned the number 413.1 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
4 = Aerophones. Sound is primarily produced by vibrating air. The instrument itself does not vibrate, and there are no vibrating strings or membranes.
41 = Free Aerophones. The vibrating air is not contained within the instrument.
413 = Plosive Aerophones. The sound is caused by a single compression and release of air.
413.1 = Explosive aerophones. The air is forced out.
I found this whilst rumaging through some old stuff, trying to find something. It was part of a High School photography project we were doing for science. We had to work with these really old manual B&W cameras, and had to learn to take different styles of photos. We even had our own dark room, and we learned how to develop our own photos.
Again, I had chosen my Grandad's trumpet for this project, and I took pictures of it at different parts of the school grounds and developed them. This is the only one I have found so far, although I have taken more....
19th June 2018 at Barbican, London EC2 (with Headspace Ensemble supporting Wynton Marsalis).
The Trombone (the name means large trumpet) has a bigger mouthpiece and a longer tube (bent into an S shape) than the Trumpet. Trombone has been built in every size from piccolo to contrabass. The Slide Trombone has a telescoping slide mechanism that varies the length of the instrument to change the pitch. It developed in the middle of the 18th century from the Sackbut. Writers today identify a number of differences between the Sackbut and early Trombones in relation to the bore, bell, etc.), but at the time the two names and others (e.g. Posaune) were often applied to what seem to be the same instrument. The early Trombones had slightly smaller dimensions and had a bell that was more conical and less flared than the modern version.
The Soprano Trombone is usually pitched in B♭ an octave above the regular (tenor). The oldest known record of the soprano dates to the late seventeenth century. However, it was never widely used and disappeared long ago.
The instrument in the photo was developed by Torbjorn Hultmark in collaboration with Thein Brass. It features an F-valve, quite a large bore size and a relatively big bell.
Slide Trombones are assigned the number 423.22 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
4 = Aerophones. Sound is primarily produced by vibrating air. The instrument itself does not vibrate, and there are no vibrating strings or membranes.
42 = Non-free aerophones. The vibrating air is contained within the instrument.
423 = Trumpets. The player's vibrating lips set the air in motion.
423.2 = Chromatic Trumpet. The pitch of the instrument can be altered mechanically.
423.22 = Slide Trumpets. The pitch can be changed by extending a telescopic section of the instrument.