View allAll Photos Tagged MusicalInstruments
Music washes away from the soul the dust of everyday life. ~Berthold Auerbach
Taken at the Musical Mart, Pune.
30th January 2018 at the Edinburgh University Collection of Historic Musical Instruments, St Cecilia’s Hall, Edinburgh.
The Cornet differs from a Trumpet in having a conical bore and being shorter. It also has a mellower tone. The instrument developed in France from the Post Horn by the addition of valves in the early 19th century. In Jazz groups Cornets have been mostly replaced by Trumpets, but they are part of the standard instrumentation of British-style Brass Bands.
This instrument was made in 1922 by C.G.Conn in Elkhart, Indiana.
Cornets are assigned the number 423.232 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
4 = Aerophones. Sound is primarily produced by vibrating air. The instrument itself does not vibrate, and there are no vibrating strings or membranes.
42 = Non-free aerophones. The vibrating air is contained within the instrument.
423 = Trumpets. The player's vibrating lips set the air in motion.
423.2 = Chromatic Trumpet. The pitch of the instrument can be altered mechanically.
423.23 = Trumpets with Valves. The pitch can be changed by connecting or disconnecting auxiliary lengths of tube.
423.232 = With Semi-Conical Bore.
20th June 2013 at the 100 Club, London W1 (Ken Colyer Legacy New Orleans Jazz Band gig).
The Mute is a device fitted to a musical instrument to alter the timbre and volume. They are most commonly associated with Brass instruments like the trumpet. They can be made from metal or plastic and come in a variety of shapes, including straight and cup
Williams College Department of Music. Donated by Telford Taylor, Class of 1928, in memory of his father, John Bellamy Taylor (1875-1963), who had collected the instruments.
Nice close up of some Fenders, Gibsons, and a few PRS guitars at Roadworthy Guitar & Amp. I like the yellow fender in the bottom/middle of the picture, also the sunburst telecaster to the bottom right of it. A great selection of guitars here.
7th August 2016 at Horniman Museum, London SE23.
The Mbira (or Mbira Dzavadzimu or "voice of the ancestors") is a “Thumb Piano” which has been played by the Shona people of Zimbabwe. They consist of over twenty metal strips or tines which are plucked (by both fingers and thumbs). Theses are attached to a wooden board, often with a resonating chamber. Similar instruments with different names have long existed across most of the African continent (apart from the north). For example the Kalimba in South Africa.
This instrument was made in 1988 by Chris Mhlanga in Harare, Zimbabwe.
Mbiras are assigned the number 122.1 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
1 = Idiophones. Sound is primarily produced by the actual body of the instrument vibrating, rather than a string, membrane, or column
12 = Plucked Idiophones. Idiophones set in vibration by being plucked.
122 = In the form of a comb. The lamellae are tied to a board or cut out from a board like the teeth of a comb.
122.1 = With laced on lamellae.
14th October 2013 at Ruskin House, Croydon, Surrey.
The Mandolin evolved from the Lute via the Mandore in 17th and 18th century Italy. It became popular in the United States in the mid 19th century, where folowing an instrument produced in 1905 by Orville H. Gibson it adopted a flat back rather than the bowl shaped one. The bodies of modern Mandolins can be either pear shaped or tear drop shaped (i.e. with a scroll carved into the headstock). They also vary in the shape and position of the sound holes which impacts on the sound of the instrument.
Pear shaped Mandolins usually have an oval sound hole (normally on the centre line of the body near the neck). The American Gibson company called this design of Mandolin the A style.
The pear shaped Mandolin of Andy Irvine was specially made for him by Stefan Sobell in Northumberland and is a long scale Mandolin or Mandolin/Mandola hybrid. It is two frets longer than a Mandolin, uses Mandolin stings and is tuned a tone lower than a Mandola.
Mandolins are assigned the number 321.321 in the Hornbostel Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
32 = Composite Chordophone. Acoustic and electro acoustic instruments which have a resonator as an integral part of the instrument, and solid body electric chordophones.
321 = Lutes. Instruments where the plane of the strings runs parallel with the resonators surface.
321.3 = Handle Lutes. Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle.
321.32 = Necked Lutes. Instrument in which the handle is attached to, or carved from, the resonator, like a neck.
321.321 = Necked Bowl Lutes. Instrument with a resonator made from a bowl, either natural or carved.
27th October 2021 at Cecil Sharp House (Kennedy Hall), London NW1.
The Electric 12 string Guitar was popularised by Rickenbacker instruments from the early 1960s (they were not the first, both Gibson - as part of a double neck model - and Danelectro produced 12 strings a few years earlier).
This instrument is a Gretsch G5422G-12 Electromatic.
Electric Guitars are assigned the number 321.322-5 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
32 = Composite Chordophone. Acoustic and electro acoustic instruments which have a resonator as an integral part of the instrument, and solid body electric chordophones.
321 = Lutes. Instruments where the plane of the strings runs parallel with the resonators surface.
321.3 = Handle Lutes. Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle.
321.32 = Necked Lutes. Instrument in which the handle is attached to, or carved from, the resonator, like a neck
321.322 = Necked Box Lutes. Instruments in which the resonator is built up from wood.
*321.322-5 = Instruments where the strings are vibrated by bare hands and fingers.
23rd January 2011 at Art School, Glasgow (Scoville Units gig).
The Double Bass, like the other members of the Violin family, first developed in 16th century Italy. Its playing range reaches an octave below the Cello. When played in many styles such as jazz and folk (and in most of the photos I take), the strings of a double bass are vibrated using the player’s hands rather than a bow. However, the classification indicates the mode in which the instrument was intended to be played.
Double Basses are assigned the number 321.322-71 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
32 = Composite Chordophone. Acoustic and electro-acoustic instruments which have a resonator as an integral part of the instrument, and solid-body electric chordophones.
321 = Lutes. Instruments where the plane of the strings runs parallel with the resonator’s surface.
321.3 = Handle Lutes. Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle.
321.32 = Necked Lutes. Instrument in which the handle is attached to, or carved from, the resonator, like a neck
321.322 = Necked Box Lutes. Instruments in which the resonator is built up from wood.
321.322-7 = Instruments where the strings are vibrated by bowing.
321.322-71 = Instruments where the strings vibrated using a bow.
4th December 2010 at Bull’s Head, Barnes, London SW13.
The Saxophone was invented in 1841 by Adolphe Sax from the Belgium. It consists of a single reed mouthpiece and a conical metal tube, with keys which open and close by pressing buttons with the fingers.
The Tenor Saxophone is curved and pitched lower than the Alto and higher than the Baritone.
Saxophones are assigned the number 422.212 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
4 = Aerophones. Sound is primarily produced by vibrating air. The instrument itself does not vibrate, and there are no vibrating strings or membranes.
42 = Non-free aerophones. The vibrating air is contained within the instrument.
422 = Reed Instruments. The player's breath is directed against a lamella or pair of lamellae which periodically interrupt the airflow and cause the air to be set in motion.
422.2 = Single Reed Instruments or Clarinets. The pipe has a single 'reed' consisting of a percussion lamella
422.21 = Single Clarinets [as opposed to sets of Clarinets].
422.212 = With conical bore.
To learn more about this instrument, listen to this episode of my podcast: samplesize1.com/episodes/episode-3-the-peoples-instrument
18th March 2017 at London Irish Centre (McNamara Hall), London NW1 (Seán Keane gig).
The Mandocello first appeared in Italy as part of the Mandolin family of instruments. It was taken up by the Gibson company in the USA with a series of models made from 1902 until 1936. They had a flat rather than an arched back, and at first A Style bodies before turning to an F Style one. The Mandocello is tuned an octave below the mandola. In shape and size it was similar to a modern long scale Irish Bouzouki,
Until recently Mandocellos were hard to obtain unless the musician could afford a vintage Gibson. Now several Mandolin/Bouzouki luthiers produce versions. Some of them have followed the trend of modern Mandolas/Octave Mandolins and Irish Bouzoukis in adopting the shape of a guitar. Whether an instrument gets called a Mandocello rather than a Octave Mandolin or a Bouzouki is now largely down to the particlur maker or musician (there is a school of thought which argues that the Irish Bouzouki was actually an unconscious reinvention of the Mandocello). None of the possible factors (e.g. body shape, scale length) can definitively distinguish instruments. Once tuning might have been the answer. However the traditional Mandocello tuning of CGDA hs been increasingly been replaced by like GDAE (once associated with the Octave Madolin) and GDAD (once associated with the Bouzouki).
The instrument in this photo was custom made for Fergus Feely in 2008 by Rob Armstrong of Coventry. This guitar shaped instrument replaced a bowl shaped one bulit for him earlier.
Mandocellos are assigned the number 321.321 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
32 = Composite Chordophone. Acoustic and electro acoustic instruments which have a resonator as an integral part of the instrument, and solid body electric chordophones.
321 = Lutes. Instruments where the plane of the strings runs parallel with the resonators surface.
321.3 = Handle Lutes. Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle.
321.32 = Necked Lutes. Instrument in which the handle is attached to, or carved from, the resonator, like a neck.
321.321 = Necked Bowl Lutes. Instrument with a resonator made from a bowl, either natural or carved.
Note: Strictly speaking the shape of this particular instrument makes it a Box Lute rather than a Bowl Lute. However I’ve decided to keep all the Mandocellos together.
29th November 2012 at the Irish Cultural Centre, Hammersmith, London W6 (Triúr gig).
The 5 + 5 Fiddle is a development of the Hardanger Fiddle by Norwegian violin maker Salve Hakedal. In 1988 he made an instrument for Vidar Lande with a violin body, plus understrings, bridge and string length like a Hardanger fiddle. It was undecorated, and with violin scroll istead of a dragon. He called this a Setesdalsfele, and there are both 4 and 5 string versions. Dan Trueman saw the instrument and commissioned one with a fatter sound suitable for playing along with violins. This has five strings and is broader and longer than the Setesdalsfele, with the string length is like a violin. This he called a 5 + 5.
Caoimhín Ó Raghallaigh had the instrument in the photo made for him after collaborating with Trueman. He describes it as "the love-child of a Hardanger fiddle and a five-string viola".
Fiddles are assigned the number 321.322-71 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
32 = Composite Chordophone. Acoustic and electro-acoustic instruments which have a resonator as an integral part of the instrument, and solid-body electric chordophones.
321 = Lutes. Instruments where the plane of the strings runs parallel with the resonator’s surface.
321.3 = Handle Lutes. Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle.
321.32 = Necked Lutes. Instrument in which the handle is attached to, or carved from, the resonator, like a neck
321.322 = Necked Box Lutes. Instruments in which the resonator is built up from wood.
321.322-7 = Instruments where the strings are vibrated by bowing.
321.322-71 = Instruments where the strings vibrated using a bow.
21st July 2016 at Horniman Museum, London SE23.
The Rababa is a five or six string bowl lyre played in Eritrea and Sudan (though confusingly the name is sometimes used to refer to the spike fiddle also known as a Rebab). Similar instruments are called the Tambura elsewhere in the region (or the Kisir by Nubians in the north of Sudan). Although there are can be variations in shape and size that don't correspond with the name (some modern Rababas are rectangular).
This instrument was made circa 1968 in Mits'iwa, Eritrea. It has six strings and the yoke is elaborately decorated with beadwork, shells and mirrors.
Rababas are assigned the number 321.21 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
32 = Composite Chordophone. Acoustic and electro-acoustic instruments which have a resonator as an integral part of the instrument, and solid-body electric chordophones.
321 = Lutes. Instruments where the plane of the strings runs parallel with the resonator’s surface.
321.2 = Yoke Lutes or Lyres. Instruments where the strings are attached to a yoke which lies in the same plane as the sound-table and consists of two arms and a cross-bar.
321.21 = Bowl Lyres. A natural or carved-out bowl serves as the resonator.
22nd September 2012 at St Paul’s, Covent Garden, London WC2 (Kutumba gig).
The Nepali Sarangi is a different instrument to the Indian one of the same name, lacking sympathetic strings. Traditionally played by the Gaine people, it is made from a single piece of wood with a double chambered body (the lower one covered in sheep skin), and four strings. It is played with a bow (in the past horsehair, now more likely to be nylon).
Sarangis are assigned the number 321.321-71 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
32 = Composite Chordophone. Acoustic and electro-acoustic instruments which have a resonator as an integral part of the instrument, and solid-body electric chordophones.
321 = Lutes. Instruments where the plane of the strings runs parallel with the resonator’s surface.
321.3 = Handle Lutes. Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle.
321.32 = Necked Lutes. Instrument in which the handle is attached to, or carved from, the resonator, like a neck
321.321 = Necked Bowl Lutes. Instrument with a resonator made from a bowl, either natural or carved.
321.321-71 = Instruments where the strings vibrated using a bow.
There are no monkeys in the Bergdorf Goodman windows this Christmas, but at least they've moved to the windows across the street at the menswear store.
A Bergdorf Goodman Men's Store Christmas window display.
2nd July 2011 at Under the Bridge, London SW6 (Trombone Shorty gig).
The Tambourine consists of a wooden or plastic frame, with pairs of small metal jingles embedded into it. Simiar instrument developed all around the world, although the name derives from the French tambourin, a long narrow drum from Provence. Tambourines can be played in numerous ways, from shaking the instrument to striking it with a stick, or against a leg or hip.
Some tambourines have a drumhead, and should be classified as a Membranophone and not an Idiophone.
Tambourines (without a drumhead) are assigned the number 112.122 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
1 = Idiophones. Sound is primarily produced by the actual body of the instrument vibrating, rather than a string, membrane, or column of air.
11 = Struck Idiophones. These idiophones are set in vibration by being struck.
112 = Indirectly Struck Idiophones. The player himself does not go through the movement of striking; percussion results indirectly through some other movement by the player.
112.1 = Shaken Idiophones. The player makes a shaking motion.
112.12 = Frame rattle. Rattling objects are attached to a carrier against which they strike
112.122 = Sliding rattle. Non-sonorous objects slide to and fro in the slots of the sonorous object so that the latter is made to vibrate; or sonorous objects slide to and fro in the slots of a non-sonorous object, to be set in vibration by the impacts.
18th October 2013 at Kings Place (Hall Two), London N1 (Ross Ainslie & Jarlath Henderson gig).
Effects Pedals modify the sound of a musical instrument such as an Electric Guitar by means of changes like distortion, modulation, and feedback. They are often found on the floor on a pedalboard, and are operated with the feet.
It is common to see a battery of pedals like this with an Electric guitar player. Much less common with someone playing an acoustic instrument like Ali Hutton.
11th October 2013 at Kings Place (Hall Two), London N1 (Poozies gig).
The Electro-harp is a light (carbon fibre) amplified lever harp. The first commercially available instrument was developed by the French maker Joël Garnier of the CAMAC company in the mid 1980s.
This is a 36 string CAMAC Electro-harp. In 1985 Mary Macmaster was one of the first musicians to acquire an Electro-harp after Kristen Noguès played a prototype at the Edinburgh Harp Festival.
Electro-harps are assigned the number 322-221 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
32 = Composite Chordophone. Acoustic and electro-acoustic instruments which have a resonator as an integral part of the instrument, and solid-body electric chordophones.
322 = Instruments where the plane of the strings lies perpendicular to the resonator's surface.
322.2 = Frame Harp. The harp has a pillar.
322.22 = with tuning action.
322.221 = with manual tuning action.
14th October 2013 at Ruskin House, Croydon, Surrey.
The Bouzouki was introduced to Irish traditional music in the 1960s by Johnny Moynihan, and has since spread across a variety of Anglo-Celtic folk styles. The Irish Bouzouki usually has a wider body and a flat back. It can have 8 or 10 strings. The distinction between the Irish Bouzouki and the Cittern is very blurred. Some base this on the number of strings (the Bouzouki having 8 and the Cittern 10), others the size of the body or the length of the neck.
After many years playing a Guitar Shaped Bouzouki, Andy Irvine has now added this instrument from the Japanese maker K. Yairi.
Irish Bouzoukis are assigned the number 321.321 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
32 = Composite Chordophone. Acoustic and electro-acoustic instruments which have a resonator as an integral part of the instrument, and solid-body electric chordophones.
321 = Lutes. Instruments where the plane of the strings runs parallel with the resonator’s surface.
321.3 = Handle Lutes. Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle.
321.32 = Necked Lutes. Instrument in which the handle is attached to, or carved from, the resonator, like a neck.
321.321 = Necked Bowl Lutes. Instrument with a resonator made from a bowl, either natural or carved.
from: How to Listen to Music: Hints and Suggestions to Untaught Lovers of the Art by Henry Edward Krehbiel
Charles Scribner's Sons, New York: 1897.
28th August 2016 at Horniman Museum, London SE23.
The Serpent is a bass wind instrument with a mouthpiece like a brass instrument. It is made of wood (usually walnut) with the outside covered with dark brown or black leather, and ia about 2.5 m long. The instrument takes its name from from its snakelike double 'S' curved shape. It has fingerholes (usually six) and sometimes keys. Invented at the end of the 16 century, the Serpent was the standard bass brass instrument bands and orchestras until early 19th century, being replaced by the Ophicleide. It was particularly popular in French churches the accompanying Gregorian plainsong and in military bands.
This instrument was made in the middle of the 19th century in England. It has 11 keys.
Serpents are assigned the number 423.213 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
4 = Aerophones. Sound is primarily produced by vibrating air. The instrument itself does not vibrate, and there are no vibrating strings or membranes.
42 = Non-free aerophones. The vibrating air is contained within the instrument.
423 = Trumpets. The player's vibrating lips set the air in motion.
423.2 = Chromatic Trumpet. The pitch of the instrument can be altered mechanically.
423.21 = Trumpets with Fingerholes.
423.213 = With Wider Conicial Bore.
1 x Keyboard, 3 x AA Batteries, 1 x Microphone attached with cord, 1 x microphone stand, 1 x instructions
3 years +
Now that I know something about whistles, I thought it might be time to make a whistle out of a walnut shell.
It sounds like this.
Inspiration to make a thing a day from Thing A Day.
4th July 2015 at the Camel & Artichoke, SE1 (Na-Mara at International Brigade Commemoration).
The Mandola is part of the Mandolin family. The instrument tuned an octave below the Mandolin is called an [Octave] Mandola in Europe and an Octave Mandolin in North America. The latter reseve the term Mandola for an instrument tuned a fifth below a Mandolin, which the fomer call a Tenor Mandolin. The Octave instrument is larger than the Tenor one - with a scale length of around 50-58 cm (20-23”) compared to 40-42 cm (17-18”).
The instrument in the photo is made by Flyde Guitars, established by Roger Bucknall and now based in Penrith in the Lake District.
Octave Mandolins/Mandolas are assigned the number 321.321 in the Hornbostel Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
32 = Composite Chordophone. Acoustic and electro acoustic instruments which have a resonator as an integral part of the instrument, and solid body electric chordophones.
321 = Lutes. Instruments where the plane of the strings runs parallel with the resonators surface.
321.3 = Handle Lutes. Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle.
321.32 = Necked Lutes. Instrument in which the handle is attached to, or carved from, the resonator, like a neck.
321.321 = Necked Bowl Lutes. Instrument with a resonator made from a bowl, either natural or carved.
21st July 2016 at Horniman Museum, London SE23.
The Oboe (then known as a Hautbois) developed in the 17th century, from an older instrument the Shawm. In time it became narrower and more keys were added. It is a double reed instrument with two pieces of cane vibrating against each other. The keys are finger operated levers used to open or close tone holes, thereby shortening or lengthening the resonating tube of the instrument.
This instrument was made around 1780 by Klein in Cologne,Germany. It is a three keyed oboe to which two more keys were added later.
Oboes are assigned the number 422.112-71 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
4 = Aerophones. Sound is primarily produced by vibrating air. The instrument itself does not vibrate, and there are no vibrating strings or membranes.
42 = Non-free aerophones. The vibrating air is contained within the instrument.
422 = Reed Instruments. The player's breath is directed against a lamella or pair of lamellae which periodically interrupt the airflow and cause the air to be set in motion.
422.1 = Double reed instruments or Oboes. There are two lamellae which beat against one another.
422.11 = Single Oboes [as opposed to sets of Oboes].
422.112 = With conical bore.
422.112-71 = With Keys.
24th February 2012 at Queen Elizabeth Hall (Front Room), London SE1.
The Glissentar is produced by Godin Guitars of Montreal. It is a fretless nylon 11 string acoustic/electric guitar with the five high strings doubled like a 12 string guitar, and a single low E string. Its aim is to mimic the sound of the Oud, in particular its ability to produce glissandos, a glide from one pitch to another.
Glissentars are assigned the number 321.322-5 in the Hornbostel Sachs classification of musical instruments indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
32 = Composite Chordophone. Acoustic and electro acoustic instruments which have a resonator as an integral part of the instrument, and solid body electric chordophones.
321 = Lutes. Instruments where the plane of the strings runs parallel with the resonators surface.
321.3 = Handle Lutes. Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle.
321.32 = Necked Lutes. Instrument in which the handle is attached to, or carved from, the resonator, like a neck
321.322 = Necked Box Lutes. Instruments in which the resonator is built up from wood.
321.322-5 = Instruments where the strings are vibrated by bare hands and fingers.
11th May 2017 at London Irish Centre (Presidential Suite), London NW1 (Caoimhin O Raghallaigh & Cormac Begley gig).
The Concertina was developed in the 1830s in both England and Germany. It differs from the Accordion in having buttons in the same direction as the bellows rather than perpendicular. There are two keyboards of buttons, one at each end of the instruments bellows. Each button has an individual note.
There are several different types of Concertina. The English Concertina is octagonal and unisonoric (the same note on push and draw). The German Concertina (Chemnitzer) is rectangular and bisonoric (a different note on push and draw). There is also an Anglo-German Concertina (usually just called an Anglo) developed later in the 1860s which is closer to the English shape (usually hexagonal) and has the German note system. Other difference between the English and Anglo Concertinas are: the former have thumb straps and the latter hand straps, the rows of buttons on the former are straight and on the latter slightly curved downwards. The Duet Concertina is harder to pin down as there are a number of different systems. They are all unisonoric and have the bass notes are on the left side and the treble are on the right. The player can then play the melody on the right hand, with an accompaniment on the left, thus the name Duet.
This is a Ab/Eb Jeffries Anglo Concertina.
C. Jeffries are one of the best known makers of the Anglo. Charles Jeffries originally worked for George Jones before staring his own company. Their first concertinas were probably made for them by Crabb, but by the 1890s the company were making complete instruments. Charles Jeffries died in 1906, and his sons Charles Jr and Thomas carried on as makers until around the 1920s,
Concertinas are assigned the number 412.132 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
4 = Aerophones. Sound is primarily produced by vibrating air. The instrument itself does not vibrate, and there are no vibrating strings or membranes.
41 = Free Aerophones. The vibrating air is not contained within the instrument.
412 = Interruptive Free Aerophones. The air-stream is interrupted periodically.
412.1 = Idiophonic Interruptive Aerophones or Reeds. The air-stream is directed against a lamella, setting it in periodic vibration to interrupt the stream intermittently.
412.13 = Free Reed Instruments. Instrument features a reed which vibrates within a closely fitting slot.
412.132 = Sets of Free Reads.
23rd February 2012 at the 100 Club, London W1 (Delta Jazzband gig).
The Wood Block is a small slit drum made from a single piece of wood (the slit creates a resonating chamber).
In a Drum Kit, it is mounted on a clamp fixed to the top of the rear rim of the Bass Drum or on an auxiliary boom attached to a Cymbal stand.
Wood Blocks are assigned the number 111.24 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
1 = Idiophones. Sound is primarily produced by the actual body of the instrument vibrating, rather than a string, membrane, or column of air.
11 = Struck Idiophones. These idiophones are set in vibration by being struck.
111 = Directly Struck Idiophones. The player himself executes the movement of striking; whether by mechanical intermediate devices, beaters, keyboards, or by pulling ropes, etc.
111.2 = Percussive idiophones. The instrument is struck either with a non-sonorous object (hand, stick, striker) or against a non-sonorous object (human body, the ground).
111.24 = Percussion vessels.
1st October 2011 at Cecil Sharp House (Kennedy Hall), London NW1 (Spiers & Boden gig).
The Accordion is a bellows driven free reed instrument. From the 1820s onwards several different free reed instruments were invented across Europe (the first to use the name Accordion was patented in Vienna in 1829). They evolved into three main types of instrument: Diatonic, Chromatic and Piano Accordions (as well as Concertinas).
The Diatonic Accordion is operated by pressing buttons or keys which allows air to flow across the reeds (these are strips of brass or steel) which vibrate to produce sound. It is bisonoric (the buttons make one note when the bellows are compressed and another when they are expanded).
The Melodeon is the name used In England for the Diatonic Accordion (though the player may well be using an instrument manufactured in continental Europe and known there as an Accordion). A Melodeon has between 1 and 3 rows of button on the right hand side.
This instrument is a 2 row Eric Martin. Based in Brittany Martin makes Cajun-style Accordions (he is best known for his 1 rows).
Melodeons are assigned the number 412.132 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
4 = Aerophones. Sound is primarily produced by vibrating air. The instrument itself does not vibrate, and there are no vibrating strings or membranes.
41 = Free Aerophones. The vibrating air is not contained within the instrument.
412 = Interruptive Free Aerophones. The air-stream is interrupted periodically.
412.1 = Idiophonic Interruptive Aerophones or Reeds. The air-stream is directed against a lamella, setting it in periodic vibration to interrupt the stream intermittently.
412.13 = Free Reed Instruments. Instrument features a reed which vibrates within a closely fitting slot.
412.132 = Sets of Free Reads.