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Original notes for Lewis Carrol's logic game, intended to amuse (and accidentally teach people logic).
Before I get into the item description let me set the stage...
In the mid-1990's Apple fans were Steve Jobs-less. Lacking their creative energy guru Apple cranked out poorly designed computers that earned the nickname "pizzabox." But Steve came back from the wilderness and cast out the heretics.
In 2004 the Apple world was rocked to the core (pun intentional) with the P-P-P-Powerbook scandel (google it). The Apple world has not recovered from laughing so hard since.
For near a decade Apple fans have been high and mighty. Long forgotten are the days of fickle extension managers, sketchy PC compatibility, endless streams of free AOL discs, proprietary hardware, and Pizzabox Macs. Apple fans have since grown fat at Job's utters of awesomeness. But now, in Job's leave of health-related absence, it is time to remind my fellow Apple fans of what darkness lies ahead should he permanently shed his mortal coil. (Side note: His immortal coil is that getup consisting of a black mock turtle-neck and jeans.)
For this reason...
...and the fact that my fiance has ordered me to "clear out some of this crap."
Out of my personal dungeon of rare Macs from the Dark Ages I render unto thee...
RARE Apple Prototype
Pizzamac LC
(16 inch Model)
This rare one-of-a-kind mint pristine prototype has everything a Macintosh should probably have. Its got all the ports and stuff. I opened the lid and the chips were all in there. I couldn't figure out what some of them are, but they taste of processed cheddar cheese. The original little white pizza-standy-thing is also included. I'll tape everything down before I ship it out.
On the top it says "In Pizza We Trust." Clearly the designer of this rare Mac has forsaken the almighty Jobs. I bet (s)he was cast out when Jobs returned.
The keyboard is stained a deep shade of jaundice yellow. This thing smells absolutely rancid. I think it may be because of all the grease. The original owner died of flagrant obesity without a permit. Anyway it has all the buttons you need to place an order at your local pizzadrome of choice. Of particular note is the "favor" payment option.
The mouse has been castrated to control ADB Mouse populations.
One final warning before getting into the nitty-gritty transaction details. This thing was never approved by the FCC and gives off copious amounts of radiation. I've been sterile since 1998 because of this machine, yet my fiance has had two kids. I recommend finding a heavy lead apron to wear when using this computer.
If you have any questions feel free to ask. Bid before James does. That guy will buy anything with an Apple logo hastily slapped on it. Then again, if you are trolling the Vintage Apple Computers category of eBay, in all probability you will too.
Payment via PayPal only. Shipping to the continental Unified States of Americaland only. You're outta luck Cannucks! Learn to speak Americano por favor! OBAMA 2012 and God Bless.
Logic Pro X - Jon Brooks - Recording Studio - Music Production -British Music Composer specialising in Music Production for Film, Television and Advertising.
YouTube Channel: www.youtube.com/jonbrookscomposer
FaceBook: www.facebook.com/pages/Jon-Brooks-Music-Composer/18852185...
Twitter: twitter.com/JonBrooks_Music
SoundCloud: soundcloud.com/jonbrooks-1
Blogspot: jonbrookscomposer.blogspot.co.uk
Official Website www.jonbrooks.co.uk
The relays and other components in this cabinet control still more relays that operate the traction motors of the elevator as it answers call signals and floor designations when a person presses a button outside or inside the cab. In modern elevators, computers control the operation.
.. Erano pochi i VIP della politica e del sindacato presenti in piazza Cairoli sabato scorso sotto una cappa di cielo grigio da neve. Ancor meno quelli sotto la torre-barricata della protesta dei ferrovieri sui treni notte nord-sud..
Emilius da atlantide ha pensato di dedicar loro qualche immagine, come fossero divi televisivi dell'Isola dei famosi..
Molti VIP, forse, erano in viaggio sui comodi treni ad alta velocità e bassa equità.. treni avvenieristici che, come spiegarono a me gli sparuti resistenti del presidio fra le rotaie, rischiano di bloccarsi per il gelo alle ruote.
Dalle nostre parti, grazie agli sforzi faraonici devoluti alla TAV, i treni locali per la gente "meno abbiente" e piu' paziente sono assai mal ridotti.. A volte in essi entra la neve dai portelloni, cosi' da lasciar immaginare ai fortunati viaggiatori pendolari-proletari quei paradisi sciistici che non possono permettersi ! In estate il caldo torrido nelle carrozze prive di condizionatore d'aria consente loro di godere la magica atmosfera di una traversata sahariana a dorso di cammello.. Sara' per questo motivo che i lavoratori trascorrono sempre meno giornate di ferie negli scomodi e affollati lidi della penisola? Chissa'..
La popolazione italica non è composta soltanto da giovani manager con auricolare d'ordinanza e valigetta ventiquattrore a mo' di protesi, avvezzi a saltar da un jet all'altro senza badare a spese.. Esiste un paese reale fatto da coloro che non guidano auto sulle nostre dorate autostrade e non conoscono il tunnel dei neutrini .. e magari trasportano in valigia salamelle e parmigiano da scambiar poi, a casa, con le spezie e l'aglio dell'orto..
Credo che le linee ferroviarie colleganti nord e sud italia abbiano un valore non solo materiale ma anche simbolico. Sono l'alternativa popolare all'aereoplano, l'equivalente delle slitte in lapponia o delle carovane nei deserti.. cosi' pure rappresentano la giugulare d'acciaio di una penisola dal territorio tormentato. E' assurdo difendere una logica di esclusivo profitto su quelle tratte cosi' strategiche. Il cittadino non è solo una pedina al servizio delle aziende private. Quante spese di rappresentanza, rinfreschi e convegni dei nostri politici potrebbero benissimo esser soppresse in vece di quei rassicuranti e ancor utili treni ?
Atheism Violates The Laws Of Reason And Logic
I grew up in and live in, what we call, the South...here in the U.S. A large portion of the population here are Baptists and have a strong tradition and faith in the Bible. I would suppose the Southern Baptists are the largest denomination in the South.
In fact, I have an uncle that is a Baptist minister, whom I occasionally visited as a fairly young child.
Raised more in an "in-town" Presbyterian church in GA, I was somewhat confused by some of the tone and timbre of these Appalachian services I attended when visiting my uncle and aunt in W. Virginia....where they doing mission work (their term) for a number of years.
For one, I thought West Virginia was part of the USA, so I was not certain why they did not know about Baptists. But, I kept my mouth shut because it was a pretty disciplined place I found myself in, and I was a little intimidated by the intensity everyone displayed when we went to church.
But, at some point, I could not help confronting my uncle with the age old tirade of "how do you really know God exists" along with some grade school arguing. At some point, he basically told me that it was simply a matter of faith.
And that was about the best answer I have gotten for the next 45 years...until I read this article by one of my favorite writers Perry Marshal. I will let his words take over from here.....
Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorem:
The #1 Mathematical Discovery of the 20th Century
In 1931, the young mathematician Kurt Gödel made a landmark discovery, as powerful as anything Albert Einstein developed.
Gödel’s discovery not only applied to mathematics but literally all branches of science, logic and human knowledge. It has truly earth-shattering implications.
Oddly, few people know anything about it.
Allow me to tell you the story.
Mathematicians love proofs. They were hot and bothered for centuries, because they were unable to PROVE some of the things they knew were true.
So for example if you studied high school Geometry, you’ve done the exercises where you prove all kinds of things about triangles based on a list of theorems.
That high school geometry book is built on Euclid’s five postulates. Everyone knows the postulates are true, but in 2500 years nobody’s figured out a way to prove them.
Yes, it does seem perfectly reasonable that a line can be extended infinitely in both directions, but no one has been able to PROVE that. We can only demonstrate that they are a reasonable, and in fact necessary, set of 5 assumptions.
Towering mathematical geniuses were frustrated for 2000+ years because they couldn’t prove all their theorems. There were many things that were “obviously” true but nobody could figure out a way to prove them.
In the early 1900′s, however, a tremendous sense of optimism began to grow in mathematical circles. The most brilliant mathematicians in the world (like Bertrand Russell, David Hilbert and Ludwig Wittgenstein) were convinced that they were rapidly closing in on a final synthesis.
A unifying “Theory of Everything” that would finally nail down all the loose ends. Mathematics would be complete, bulletproof, airtight, triumphant.
In 1931 this young Austrian mathematician, Kurt Gödel, published a paper that once and for all PROVED that a single Theory Of Everything is actually impossible.
Gödel’s discovery was called “The Incompleteness Theorem.”
If you’ll give me just a few minutes, I’ll explain what it says, how Gödel discovered it, and what it means – in plain, simple English that anyone can understand.
Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorem says:
“Anything you can draw a circle around cannot explain itself without referring to something outside the circle – something you have to assume but cannot prove.”
You can draw a circle around all of the concepts in your high school geometry book. But they’re all built on Euclid’s 5 postulates
which are clearly true but cannot be proven. Those 5 postulates are outside the book, outside the circle.
You can draw a circle around a bicycle but the existence of that bicycle relies on a factory that is outside that circle. The bicycle cannot explain itself.
Gödel proved that there are ALWAYS more things that are true than you can prove. Any system of logic or numbers that mathematicians ever came up with will always rest on at least a few unprovable assumptions.
Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorem applies not just to math, but to everything that is subject to the laws of logic. Incompleteness is true in math; it’s equally true in science or language or philosophy.
And: If the universe is mathematical and logical, Incompleteness also applies to the universe.
Gödel created his proof by starting with “The Liar’s Paradox” — which is the statement
“I am lying.”
“I am lying” is self-contradictory, since if it’s true, I’m not a liar, and it’s false; and if it’s false, I am a liar, so it’s true.
So Gödel, in one of the most ingenious moves in the history of math, converted the Liar’s Paradox into a mathematical formula. He proved that any statement requires an external observer.
No statement alone can completely prove itself true.
His Incompleteness Theorem was a devastating blow to the “positivism” of the time. Gödel proved his theorem in black and white and nobody could argue with his logic.
Yet some of his fellow mathematicians went to their graves in denial, believing that somehow or another Gödel must surely be wrong.
He wasn’t wrong. It was really true. There are more things than are true than you can prove.
A “theory of everything” – whether in math, or physics, or philosophy – will never be found. Because it is impossible.
OK, so what does this really mean? Why is this super-important, and not just an interesting geek factoid?
Here’s what it means:
Faith and Reason are not enemies. In fact, the exact opposite is true! One is absolutely necessary for the other to exist. All reasoning ultimately traces back to faith in something that you cannot prove.
All closed systems depend on something outside the system.
You can always draw a bigger circle but there will still be something outside the circle.
Reasoning inward from a larger circle to a smaller circle is “deductive reasoning.”
Example of a deductive reasoning:
1. All men are mortal
2. Socrates is a man
3. Therefore Socrates is mortal
Reasoning outward from a smaller circle to a larger circle is “inductive reasoning.”
Examples of inductive reasoning:
1. All the men I know are mortal
2. Therefore all men are mortal
1. When I let go of objects, they fall
2. Therefore there is a law of gravity that governs falling objects
Notice than when you move from the smaller circle to the larger circle, you have to make assumptions that you cannot 100% prove.
For example you cannot PROVE gravity will always be consistent at all times. You can only observe that it’s consistently true every time. You cannot prove that the universe is rational. You can only observe that mathematical formulas like E=MC^2 do seem to perfectly describe what the universe does.
Nearly all scientific laws are based on inductive reasoning. These laws rest on an assumption that the universe is logical and based on fixed discoverable laws.
You cannot PROVE this. (You can’t prove that the sun will come up tomorrow morning either.) You literally have to take it on faith. In fact most people don’t know that outside the science circle is a philosophy circle. Science is based on philosophical assumptions that you cannot scientifically prove. Actually, the scientific method cannot prove, it can only infer.
(Science originally came from the idea that God made an orderly universe which obeys fixed, discoverable laws.)
Now please consider what happens when we draw the biggest circle possibly can – around the whole universe. (If there are multiple universes, we’re drawing a circle around all of them too):
There has to be something outside that circle. Something which we have to assume but cannot prove
The universe as we know it is finite – finite matter, finite energy, finite space and 13.7 billion years time
The universe is mathematical. Any physical system subjected to measurement performs arithmetic. (You don’t need to know math to do addition – you can use an abacus instead and it will give you the right answer every time.)
The universe (all matter, energy, space and time) cannot explain itself
Whatever is outside the biggest circle is boundless. By definition it is not possible to draw a circle around it.
If we draw a circle around all matter, energy, space and time and apply Gödel’s theorem, then we know what is outside that circle is not matter, is not energy, is not space and is not time. It’s immaterial.
Whatever is outside the biggest circle is not a system – i.e. is not an assemblage of parts. Otherwise we could draw a circle around them. The thing outside the biggest circle is indivisible.
Whatever is outside the biggest circle is an uncaused cause, because you can always draw a circle around an effect.
We can apply the same inductive reasoning to the origin of information:
In the history of the universe we also see the introduction of information, some 3.5 billion years ago. It came in the form of the Genetic code, which is symbolic and immaterial.
The information had to come from the outside, since information is not known to be an inherent property of matter, energy, space or time
All codes we know the origin of are designed by conscious beings.
Therefore whatever is outside the largest circle is a conscious being.
In other words when we add information to the equation, we conclude that not only is the thing outside the biggest circle infinite and immaterial, it is also conscious.
Isn’t it interesting how all these things sound suspiciously similar to how theologians have described God for thousands of years?
So it’s hardly surprising that 80-90% of the people in the world believe in some concept of God. Yes, it’s intuitive to most folks. But Gödel’s theorem indicates it’s also supremely logical. In fact it’s the only position one can take and stay in the realm of reason and logic.
The person who proudly proclaims, “You’re a man of faith, but I’m a man of science” doesn’t understand the roots of science or the nature of knowledge!
Interesting aside…
If you visit the world’s largest atheist website, Infidels, on the home page you will find the following statement:
“Naturalism is the hypothesis that the natural world is a closed system, which means that nothing that is not part of the natural world affects it.”
If you know Gödel’s theorem, you know that all logical systems must rely on something outside the system. So according to Gödel’s Incompleteness theorem, the Infidels cannot be correct. If the universe is logical, it has an outside cause.
Thus atheism violates the laws of reason and logic.
Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorem definitively proves that science can never fill its own gaps. We have no choice but to look outside of science for answers.
The Incompleteness of the universe isn’t proof that God exists. But… it IS proof that in order to construct a rational, scientific model of the universe, belief in God is not just 100% logical… it’s necessary.
Euclid’s 5 postulates aren’t formally provable and God is not formally provable either. But… just as you cannot build a coherent system of geometry without Euclid’s 5 postulates, neither can you build a coherent description of the universe without a First Cause and a Source of order.
Thus faith and science are not enemies, but allies. It’s been true for hundreds of years, but in 1931 this skinny young Austrian mathematician named Kurt Gödel proved it.
No time in the history of mankind has faith in God been more reasonable, more logical, or more thoroughly supported by science and mathematics.
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Atheism Violates The Laws Of Reason And Logic
I really like how Perry's thoughts tie it all together for me. I hope that you will give his words, and more importantly, Godel's, a chance to make sense of much of what have been on your mind as well. If your faith has been strong, this can only enhance what you have known all a long.
Rolex Artist Aurelio Martinez www.rolexmentorprotege.com/en/music/aurelio-martinez/aure...
Master Drummer Michael Carvin www.michaelcarvin.com,
Singer/Recording Artist Faith Arianna www.myspace.com/ladauphine
Dr. William Riley Voice Trainer (Celine Dion, Faith Hill, Angeliqu Kidjo, Liza Minnelli)
Singer/Recording Artist Danielle Draizin www.dannid.com
photo credit: Kia Michelle Photography kiamichelle.wordpress.com/
Counter Logic Gaming vs Immortals in the 2016 3rd Place Match of the North American League of Legends Championship Series (NA LCS) Summer Playoffs at the Air Canada Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada on 27 August 2016.
October 5, 2010
Found this in my an old computer in my basement and thought I would shoot it for today's photo. I would guess it has been down there for 5 or 6 years, maybe a little longer.
Check out a couple more from this shoot on my blog:
I have one of those USB-based logic analyzers that needs Windows software to make it go. I had been doing Windows-in-a-window with VMWare, but it's kind of a pain. If I were to use a real Windows laptop, I'd need a shelf or something for it. I wanted it above my oscilloscope, which meant a laptop stand that was taller and wider than most. Time for the laser cutter!
This is made from 1/4" (0.20" really) cheapie plywood. I think I paid $10 for a 4'x8' sheet of it.
todbot.com/blog/2009/06/16/laser-cut-laptop-stand-and-osc...