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The Blue Mosque really is, in many ways, a rationalized, regularized version of Hagia Sophia - which it faces across a small park filled with tulips (right now!). Sinan, the architect, really was good at volumes - I visited a number of his mosques.
I think I understand muqarnas, the honeycomb effect so common in Islamic architecture after 1000.
In 1646 AD, the brothers Abdul Haq and Lotfi Mohammad Kanani children. Qama to build a house in the Alley Aini Street next to the house Abdul Rahman Hirawi and just a few meters from the Al-Azhar mosque. Where the text indicates the Constitutive the wrapper roof seat this house, that the origin is Haji Abdul Haq and brother Lotfy boys Mohammad Kanani year 1074 AH / 1664 AD and then took ownership of the house to move even signed its key in the hands of el-set Wasela "Khatun girl Abdullah Al Beida Matoukh" The last of the inhabited house and therefore knew her name
El-Harrawi House built in 1731 by Ahmed Ben Youssef El -Serafi is considered to be one of the fine examples of the Islamic houses representing the Ottoman era. It is named after its last owner, Abd El-Rahman El-Harrawi, who was the Hakim (Doctor) of Qasr El-Ayini Medical School.
The house is located in the heart of a well known quarter in Cairo. Behind the Azhar Mosque, in Darb EL-Ahmar area, El-Harrawi is situated between two narrow Haraa (Alleys), Harat Al Madrasa and Zuqaq Al Ayini. Several other Islamic houses and monuments are found in the Darb El-Ahmar surroundings. The house has a common wall with Sitt Wasila house (i.e.Lady Wasila) (17th century). It is adjacent to the house of Zeinab Khatoun (15th, 17th century), and to the Ghannamiah Hall (14th century). Also at a near distance is Al-Ayini Mosque (15th century)
The Ark is a large earthen fortification located in the northwestern part of contemporary Bukhara. In layout it resembles a modified rectangle, a little elongated from the west to the east. The perimeter of the external walls is 789.6 metres (2,591 ft), the area enclosed being 3.96 hectares (9.8 acres). The height of the walls varies from 16 to 20 metres (52 to 66 ft).
In legend, the creator of the Ark was the epic hero Siyavusha. As a youth, he hid in the rich oasis country of Turana from his stepmother. Siyavusha and the daughter of the local ruler of Afrosiaba fell in love. The girl's father agreed to permit them to marry provided that Siyavusha would first build a palace on the area bounded by a bull skin, obviously intended as an impossible task. But Siyavusha cut the bull skin into slender strips, connected the ends, and inside this boundary built the palace. (This is essentially the classical legend of Dido and the founding of Carthage in North Africa, as recorded in antiquity.)
One of the typical living cells for a student overlooking the central courtyard.
Nine to ten cells are entered from another internal courtyard with timber balconies.(see other pictures in this set)
One of the earliest mosque still standing in Istanbul, the Murat Pasha Mosque was commissioned by Has Murat Pasha in 1465 AD. It is built in old Imperial Ottoman two-domed style.
The Qutb Minar was commissioned by Qutb-ud-din Aibak, the first Sultan of Delhi, and was completed by his successor - Iltutmish. It is not known whether the tower was named after Qutb-ud-din Aibak or Qutbuddin Bhaktiyar Kaki, a famous Sufi saint who was living in Delhi contemporarily. As the name suggests the tower was to serve the purpose of a minaret from where the adhan could be issued. The culture of tower architecture was well established in India before the arrival of the Turks as can be understood from the Kirti Stambh at Chittor, Rajasthan. However, there is no evidence on record to confirm that the Qutb Minar was inspired or influenced by earlier Rajput towers.[6] The minar is itself built on the ruins of the Lal Kot, the Red Citadel in the city of Dhillika, the capital of the Tomars and the Chauhans, the last Hindu rulers of Delhi.[7] One engraving on the minar reads, "Shri Vishwakarma prasade charita" (Conceived with the grace of Vishwakarma).[citation needed]
Numerous inscriptions in Parso-Arabic and Nagari characters in different sections of the Qutb Minar reveal the history of its construction. According to the inscriptions on its surface it was repaired by Firoz Shah Tughlaq (AD 1351–89) and Sikandar Lodi[8] (AD 1489–1517).[citation needed]
The Qubbat-ul-Islam Mosque, located at the northeast of Minar, was built by Qutb deen Aibak in AD 1198. It is the earliest mosque built by the Delhi Sultans.[9] Later, a coffee arched screen was erected and the mosque was enlarged by Iltutmish (AD 1210–35) and Alauddin Khilji
The minar has been damaged by earthquakes and lightning strikes on several occasions but has been repaired and renovated by various rulers. During the rule of Firoz Shah, the minar's two top floors were damaged due to lightning but were repaired by Firoz Shah. In 1505, an earthquake struck and it was repaired by Sikandar Lodi. Later in 1794, the minar suffered another earthquake and it was Major Smith, an engineer, who repaired the affected parts of the minar. He replaced Firoz Shah's pavilion at the top of the tower with his own pavilion. This pavilion was removed in 1848 by Lord Hardinge and now stands between the Dak Bungalow and the Minar in the garden. The floors built by Firoz Shah can be distinguished easily as the pavilion was built of white marble and quite smooth compared to the others.
Moth Ki Masjid is a mosque located in Delhi, and was built in 1505 by Wazir Miya Bhoiya, Prime Minister during the reign of Sultan Sikander Lodi (1517–26). It was a new type of mosque developed by the Lodi dynasty in the fourth city of the medieval Delhi of the Delhi Sultanate.[1][2][3] The name of the mosque literally translated into English language means ‘Lentil Mosque’ and this name tag ‘Lentil’ has an interesting legend. This mosque was considered a beautiful Dome (Gumbad) structure of the period.[1].
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The mosque is now completely enclosed within the modern locality of South Extension Part II, Uday Park and Masjid Moth comprising residential and commercial establishments in the urban setting of South Delhi..
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It is famously narrated that when Sultan Sikandar Lodi was on a visit to a mosque in the vicinity of the present location of the Moth Ki Masjid for prayer, he knelt over a grain of moth (a kind of lentil), which had been dropped by a bird. His loyal Prime Minister Wazir Miya Bhoiya, who had accompanied the King, saw the lentil seed and observed that.
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A seed so honoured by His majesty must not be thrown away. It must be used in the service of God..
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So he took the moth seed and planted it in his garden for further growth. Over the years, the process of repeated planting and replanting of the moth seeds was carried out. In this process, the seeds multiplied several times. The Wazir finally sold the rich harvest and earned good money. With the proceeds of the sale he built the mosque after seeking permission from the Sultan to construct the Mosque.[1] Impressed by the ingenuity of his minister, Sikandar Lodi laid the foundation for building the mosque.
Photograph of the Madrasa of Amir Sarghatmish.
Format
Photograph
Credit
Image courtesy of Nasser Rabbat of the Aga Khan Program at MIT.
MIT OpenCourseWare Course of Origin
4.615 The Architecture of Cairo, Spring 2002
MIT Course Instructor
Rabbat, Nasser O.
MIT Department
Architecture
License
Publisher
El-Harrawi House built in 1731 by Ahmed Ben Youssef El -Serafi is considered to be one of the fine examples of the Islamic houses representing the Ottoman era. It is named after its last owner, Abd El-Rahman El-Harrawi, who was the Hakim (Doctor) of Qasr El-Ayini Medical School.
The house is located in the heart of a well known quarter in Cairo. Behind the Azhar Mosque, in Darb EL-Ahmar area, El-Harrawi is situated between two narrow Haraa (Alleys), Harat Al Madrasa and Zuqaq Al Ayini. Several other Islamic houses and monuments are found in the Darb El-Ahmar surroundings. The house has a common wall with Sitt Wasila house (i.e.Lady Wasila) (17th century). It is adjacent to the house of Zeinab Khatoun (15th, 17th century), and to the Ghannamiah Hall (14th century). Also at a near distance is Al-Ayini Mosque (15th century)
Inside of Qalander lal Shehbaz's shrine, the late Shah of Iran Reza Shah Pahlavi gifted the gold plated door at this shrine in the 70's coming here to pay tribute with the then Prime Minister of Pakistan Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
El-Harrawi House built in 1731 by Ahmed Ben Youssef El -Serafi is considered to be one of the fine examples of the Islamic houses representing the Ottoman era. It is named after its last owner, Abd El-Rahman El-Harrawi, who was the Hakim (Doctor) of Qasr El-Ayini Medical School.
The house is located in the heart of a well known quarter in Cairo. Behind the Azhar Mosque, in Darb EL-Ahmar area, El-Harrawi is situated between two narrow Haraa (Alleys), Harat Al Madrasa and Zuqaq Al Ayini. Several other Islamic houses and monuments are found in the Darb El-Ahmar surroundings. The house has a common wall with Sitt Wasila house (i.e.Lady Wasila) (17th century). It is adjacent to the house of Zeinab Khatoun (15th, 17th century), and to the Ghannamiah Hall (14th century). Also at a near distance is Al-Ayini Mosque (15th century)
Designed and built by the very talented Italian architect Mario Rossi, this octagonal-shaped mosque took 16 years to construct and was finally finished in 1945.
Two of the four decorated pointed corner domes of the mosque can be seen in this side view.
Photograph of the Madrasas of Sultan al-Salih Najm al-Din Ayyub: detail of the funerary dome's facade.
Format
Photograph
Credit
Image courtesy of Nasser Rabbat of the Aga Khan Program at MIT.
MIT OpenCourseWare Course of Origin
4.615 The Architecture of Cairo, Spring 2002
MIT Course Instructor
Rabbat, Nasser O.
MIT Department
Architecture
License
Publisher
This is one of the oldest mosques still standing in Iran. The mosque is the result of continual construction, reconstruction, additions and renovations on the site from around 771 to the end of the 20th century.
The house in the rear is my favorite of the four which make up this 48x48 residential block. The interiors are not yet finished.
Shams-ud-din Iltutmish was the third ruler of the Slave dynasty. He founded the Delhi Sultanate in 1211 and received the Caliph's investure in his rule. He conquered Multan and Bengal from contesting rulers, and Ranathambhore and Siwalik from the Hindu rulers.
Shams-ud-dunya w'al-din Abu al-Muzzafar Naib Amir Almu'minin Iltutmish (Hindi: अलतमश; Persian: شمس الدین التتمش; Altamash, Iltutmish, r. 1211–1236) was the third ruler of the Slave dynasty of Turkic origin. Presumably a descendent of Turkic nobility captured and enslaved, Iltutmish later rose to prominence in the court of Muhammad Ghuri and later in Lahore under Qutb-uddin Aibak. He dethroned Aibak's successor, Aram Shah, and moved the seat of the Sultan to Delhi.
He expanded his domain by defeating the Muslim rulers of Ghazni, Multan and Bengal, which previously annexed some of his territories and threatened his domain. He conquered the latter two territories and made further conquests in the Hindu lands, conquering the fort of Ranathambhore and the lands of Gawalior and the fort of Mandur.
He instituted many changes to the Sultanate, reorganising the monetary system and the nobility as well as the distribution of grounds and fiefs, and erected many buildings, including Mosques, Khanqas (Monasteries), Dargahs (Graves) and a Hauz (reservoir) for pilgrims.
Shams ud-din Iltutmish founded the Delhi Sultanate and much strengthened the power of the slave dynasty and of Islam in the Indian Deccan, although his kindred and heirs were not as politically gifted, with no ruler comparable to him in the area until the time of Ghiyas ud din Balban.
Inscriptions on the Northern side of the entrance gate..
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Moth Ki Masjid is a mosque located in Delhi, and was built in 1505 by Wazir Miya Bhoiya, Prime Minister during the reign of Sultan Sikander Lodi (1517–26). It was a new type of mosque developed by the Lodi dynasty in the fourth city of the medieval Delhi of the Delhi Sultanate.[1][2][3] The name of the mosque literally translated into English language means ‘Lentil Mosque’ and this name tag ‘Lentil’ has an interesting legend. This mosque was considered a beautiful Dome (Gumbad) structure of the period.[1].
.
The mosque is now completely enclosed within the modern locality of South Extension Part II, Uday Park and Masjid Moth comprising residential and commercial establishments in the urban setting of South Delhi..
.
It is famously narrated that when Sultan Sikandar Lodi was on a visit to a mosque in the vicinity of the present location of the Moth Ki Masjid for prayer, he knelt over a grain of moth (a kind of lentil), which had been dropped by a bird. His loyal Prime Minister Wazir Miya Bhoiya, who had accompanied the King, saw the lentil seed and observed that.
.
A seed so honoured by His majesty must not be thrown away. It must be used in the service of God..
.
So he took the moth seed and planted it in his garden for further growth. Over the years, the process of repeated planting and replanting of the moth seeds was carried out. In this process, the seeds multiplied several times. The Wazir finally sold the rich harvest and earned good money. With the proceeds of the sale he built the mosque after seeking permission from the Sultan to construct the Mosque.[1] Impressed by the ingenuity of his minister, Sikandar Lodi laid the foundation for building the mosque.
El-Harrawi House built in 1731 by Ahmed Ben Youssef El -Serafi is considered to be one of the fine examples of the Islamic houses representing the Ottoman era. It is named after its last owner, Abd El-Rahman El-Harrawi, who was the Hakim (Doctor) of Qasr El-Ayini Medical School.
The house is located in the heart of a well known quarter in Cairo. Behind the Azhar Mosque, in Darb EL-Ahmar area, El-Harrawi is situated between two narrow Haraa (Alleys), Harat Al Madrasa and Zuqaq Al Ayini. Several other Islamic houses and monuments are found in the Darb El-Ahmar surroundings. The house has a common wall with Sitt Wasila house (i.e.Lady Wasila) (17th century). It is adjacent to the house of Zeinab Khatoun (15th, 17th century), and to the Ghannamiah Hall (14th century). Also at a near distance is Al-Ayini Mosque (15th century)
Fresco at Shahi Hamam or Royal Bath near Delhi Darwaza Lahore, Pakistan. Seems like a amalgamation of the biblical angle wings to fairies in Arabian Nights or Alif Leila and Koh Kaaf.
Photograph of the funerary-religious complex of Sultan Qaytbay: detail of the dome.
Format
Photograph
Credit
Image courtesy of Nasser Rabbat of the Aga Khan Program at MIT.
MIT OpenCourseWare Course of Origin
4.615 The Architecture of Cairo, Spring 2002
MIT Course Instructor
Rabbat, Nasser O.
MIT Department
Architecture
License
Publisher
قام بإنشاء هذا القصر الأمير سيف الدين طاز بن عبدالله الناصرى ، وكان من مماليك السلطان الناصر محمد بن قلاوون ، حيث اعتق ، ثم ترقى فى الوظائف ، وارتفع نجمة وصيته حتى عين أمير مجلس ، وتدخل فى الصراع الدائر على العرش بين أولاد الناصرمحمد ، وظل محتفظا بمكانته ، حيث اشتهر ذكره فى أيام الملك الصالح إسماعيل 743 - 746 هـ / 1342 - 1345 م .
Photograph of the Madrasa of Sultan al-Kamil: The surviving iwan.
Format
Photograph
Credit
Image courtesy of Nasser Rabbat of the Aga Khan Program at MIT.
MIT OpenCourseWare Course of Origin
4.615 The Architecture of Cairo, Spring 2002
MIT Course Instructor
Rabbat, Nasser O.
MIT Department
Architecture
License
Publisher