View allAll Photos Tagged Grounding
On January 25, 2022, a 55-foot-long vessel named the Vivens Aqua, registered in Maryland, grounded on the beach near Ocracoke Inlet. Both passengers on the vessel made it safety to shore.
Engraving by Dupuis. PEREZ-GOMEZ, Albert (1983). Architecture and the Crisis of Modern Science. The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. ISBN 0-262-16091-9
---
Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban, Seigneur de Vauban and later Marquis de Vauban (1 or 4 May 1633 – 30 March 1707), commonly referred to as Vauban, was a Marshal of France and the foremost military engineer of his age. He is known for his skill in both designing fortifications and breaking through them; his ideas, starting from Pagan's "Les Fortifications", were the dominant model of siegecraft and fortification for nearly 100 years. He also advised Louis XIV on how to consolidate France's borders, to make them more defensible. Vauban made a radical suggestion of giving up some land that was indefensible to allow for a stronger, less porous border with France's neighbours.
Vauban was born in Saint-Léger-de-Foucheret (renamed Saint-Léger-Vauban in his honour in 1867), in Burgundy France, into a family of minor nobility. At the age of ten he was left an orphan in very poor circumstances, and his boyhood and youth were spent amongst the peasantry of his native place. After some time he was put under the care of the Carmelite prior of Semur, who undertook his education, and the grounding in mathematics, science and geometry which was important in his subsequent career.
At the age of seventeen Vauban joined the regiment of Condé in the war of the Fronde. He received the offer of a commission within a year, which he declined on account of poverty. Condé then employed him to assist in the fortification of Clermont-en-Argonne. Soon afterwards he was taken prisoner by the royal troops; but though a rebel he was well-treated, and the kindness of Cardinal Mazarin converted the young engineer into a devoted servant of the king.
He was employed in the siege of Sainte-Menehould (which he had helped to storm as a Frondeur) and won a lieutenancy in the regiment of Burgundy, and at Stenay he was wounded twice. Soon afterwards he besieged and took his own first fortress, Clermont; and in May 1655 he received his commission as an ingénieur du roi, having served his apprenticeship under the Chevalier de Clerville, one of the foremost engineers of the time. Between that year and the peace of 1659 he had taken part in or directed ten sieges with distinction, had been wounded several times, and was rewarded by the king with the free gift of a company in the famous Picardy regiment. About this time he married a cousin, Jeanne d'Aulnay.
After the peace, Vauban was put in charge of the construction of several important defences, amongst other places at Dunkirk, where his work continued until the year before his death. On the renewal of war in 1662 he conducted, while the king was present, the sieges of Douai, Tournai and Lille. During the siege of Lille he so distinguished himself that he received a lieutenancy in the guard (ranking as a colonelcy).
The peace of Aix-la-Chapelle confirmed France's possession of new fortresses, which Vauban now improved or rebuilt. Hitherto the characteristic features of his methods of fortification had not been developed, and the systems of preceding engineers were faithfully followed. Colbert and Louvois were profoundly interested in the work, and it was at the request of the latter that the engineer drew up in 1669 his Mémoire pour servir à l'instruction dans la conduite des sièges (this, with a memorandum on the defence of fortresses by another hand, was published at Leiden in 1740).
On the renewal of war Vauban again conducted the most important sieges, (Rheinberg and Nijmegen 1672, Maastricht and Trier 1673, Besançon 1674). In the latter year he also supervised the only defence in which he ever took part, that of Oudenaarde. This was followed by the reduction of Dinant, Huy and Limbourg. At this time he wrote for the commandants of Verdun and Le Quesnoy, valuable Instructions pour la défense. In 1675 Vauban bought the Château de Bazoches. In 1676 he was made Maréchal de camp. He took Condé, Bouchain and other places in that year, Valenciennes and Cambrai in 1677, Ghent and Ypres in 1678.
It was at this time that Vauban synthesized the methods of attacking strong places, on which his claim to renown as an engineer rests far more than on his systems of fortification. The introduction of a systematic approach by parallel series of trenches (said to have been suggested by the practice of the Turks at Candia in 1668) dates from the siege of Maastricht, and in principle remained until the 20th century the standard method of attacking a fortress. The Peace of Nijmegen gave more territory to France, and more fortresses had to be adapted.
Vauban was named Commissaire-général des fortifications on the death of Clerville, and wrote in 1679 a memorandum on the places of the new frontier, from which it appears that from Dunkirk to Dinant France possessed fifteen fortresses and forts, with thirteen more in second line. Most of these had been rebuilt by Vauban, and further acquisitions, notably Strasbourg (1681), involved him in unceasing work, some of which, such as the Barrage Vauban, can still be seen today. At Saarlouis for the first time appeared Vauban's "first system" of fortification, which remained the accepted standard until comparatively recent times. He never hesitated to retain what was of advantage in the methods of his predecessors, which he had hitherto followed, and it was in practice rather than in theory that he surpassed them.
In 1682 his "second system", which introduced modifications of the first designed to prolong the resistance of the fortress, began to appear; and about the same time he wrote a practical manual entitled Le Directeur-Général des fortifications (Hague, 1683–85). Having now attained the rank of Lieutenant Général, he took the field once more, and captured Kortrijk in 1683, and Luxembourg in the following year. The unexpected strength of certain towers designed by the Spanish engineer Louvigni (fl. 1673) at Luxemburg suggested the tower-bastions which are the peculiar feature of Vauban's second system which was put into execution at Belfort in the same.
In 1687 he chose Landau as the chief place of arms of Lower Alsace, and lavished on the place all the resources of his art. But side by side with this development grew up the far more important scheme of attack. He instituted a company of miners, and the elaborate experiments carried out under his supervision resulted in the establishment of all the necessary formulae for military mining (Traité des mines, Paris, 1740 and 1799; Hague, 1744); while at the siege of Ath in 1697, having in the meanwhile taken part in more sieges, notably that of Namur in 1692 (defended by the great Dutch engineer Coehoorn), he employed ricochet firing for the first time as the principal means of breaking down the defence. He had indeed already used it with effect at Philippsburg in 1688 and at Namur, but the jealousy of the artillery of outside interference had hindered the full use of this remarkable invention, which with his other improvements rendered the success of the attack almost certain.
After the peace of Ryswick Vauban rebuilt or improved other fortresses, and finally Neuf-Brisach, fortified on his "third system " which was in fact a modification of the second and was called by Vauban himself système de Landau perfectionné (perfected Landau system). His last siege was that of Old Breisach in 1703, when he reduced the place in a fortnight. On 14 January of that year Vauban had been made a Maréchal de France, a rank too exalted for the technical direction of sieges, and his active career came to an end with his promotion. Soon afterwards appeared his Traité de l'attaque des places, a revised and amplified edition of the older memoir of 1669, which contains the methods of the fully developed Vauban attack, the main features of which are the parallels, ricochet fire and the attack of the defending personnel by vertical fire.
But Louis XIV was now thrown on the defensive, and the war of the Spanish Succession saw the gradual wane of Vauban's influence, as his fortresses were taken and retaken. The various captures of Landau, his chef-d'oeuvre, caused him to be regarded with disfavour, for it was not realized that the greatness of his services was rather in the attack than in the defence. In the darkness of defeat he turned his attention to the defence; but his work De la defense des places (ed. by General Valaze, Paris, 1829) is of far less worth than the Attaque, and his far-seeing ideas on entrenched camps (Traits des fortifications de campagne) were coldly received, though therein may be found the elements of the "detached forts" system universal in Europe by the 20th century.
Although indispensable to Louis XIV, Vauban boldly stretched his goodwill on several occasions. In 1685, Vauban vocally condemned the repeal of the edict of Nantes. It appears that his opposition was based mostly on economic grounds. In the 1690s, he conducted a comprehensive census of Flanders and other areas of France, which earned him his nickname as the "French Petty". A prolific writer on many subjects, including forestry, selective breeding of domestic pigs, monetary policy, and colonisation, Vauban was made an honorary member of the French Academy of Sciences. Applying his knowledge, he even correctly estimated and plotted out the growth of Canada, predicting that its population would be about 30 million by the year 2000.
Dismayed by the inefficiency of the French fiscal system, and deeply impressed with the deplorable condition of the peasantry whose labor he regarded as the main foundation of all wealth, Vauban's 1707 tract, Projet d'une dixme. royale, protested against the unequal incidence of taxation and the exemptions and privileges of the upper classes; the tract called for the repeal of all taxes and the imposition of a single 10% tax (dixme. royale) on all agricultural output (payable in kind) and on income from trade and manufactures, with no exemptions. He backed up his argument with a mass of statistics. His book was condemned by the royal government because it had been published without royal permission. Vauban spent the last weeks of his life trying to collect every copy that he had disseminated privately to friends and acquaintances. Nevertheless, his ideas inspired later Enlightenment economists, such as Forbonnais, Mirabeau and the Physiocrats (Wikipedia).
Vauban died in Paris, of an inflammation of the lungs. During the French Revolution his remains were scattered, but in 1808 his heart was found and deposited by order of Napoléon in the church of Les Invalides.
On January 25, 2022, a 55-foot-long vessel named the Vivens Aqua, registered in Maryland, grounded on the beach near Ocracoke Inlet. Both passengers on the vessel made it safety to shore.
The first full day of Air Cadet Air Experience Flying at 3 AEF, Colerne, Since the grounding 14 months ago
On Tuesday, Jan. 25, a 55-foot-long vessel named the Vivens Aqua, registered in Maryland, grounded near the south end of Ocracoke Island after attempting to navigate Ocracoke Inlet. After several attempts to remove the Vivens Aqua failed, all fuel oil was removed from the vessel.
In the year of the ash cloud, grounding all flights in Northern Europe, our regular trip to Jersey for the Primary School's football festival was affected thus meaning a ferry from St Helier rather than the usual short flight back to Birmingham.
A 12 hour journey home was made that year that would otherwise take around 4 hours to complete.
On Tuesday, Jan. 25, a 55-foot-long vessel named the Vivens Aqua, registered in Maryland, grounded near the south end of Ocracoke Island after attempting to navigate Ocracoke Inlet. After several attempts to remove the Vivens Aqua failed, all fuel oil was removed from the vessel.
The Israeli Druze are a religious minority in Israel who live in the North of the country. They are Arab-speaking Israeli citizens and serve in the army.
This is a druze pounding the coffe beans as part of the coffee-serving ceremony at a Druze Restaurant in North Galilee. Photo taken by Itamar Grinberg for the Israeli Ministry of Tourism. Credit attribution requested to the photographer and to the Ministry of Tourism
On Tuesday, Jan. 25, a 55-foot-long vessel named the Vivens Aqua, registered in Maryland, grounded near the south end of Ocracoke Island after attempting to navigate Ocracoke Inlet. After several attempts to remove the Vivens Aqua failed, all fuel oil was removed from the vessel.
Green grass, cooling shade, grounding tree. Writing, a woman leans against a tree in Christie Pits Park.
Ameren installed 30' tall utility pole near the corner of my property yesterday. Hole was 6' deep with 12' long #2 copper wire coil attached to bottom of pole for lightning protection/grounding. Webster Groves, Missouri.
55' Length 3 staterooms plus crew's cabin
19' Beam 3 heads - 2w/showers, 1 w/tub
CONSTRUCTION: High quality ship steel shot peened and sand blasted and shop primed, three coats of Jotun epoxy primer interior and exterior plus bottom paint and LPU color top coat (Pupont Imron).
All hatches, ports and windows and sea doors are heavy duty commercial ship quality. Lower deck entry ways have beautiful teak “Dutch” doors for normal use with aluminum sea doors.
ENGINES: Twin John Deere 6.8 liter 200 HP (6068TFM) diesels with marine transmissions less than 200 hours. Complete engine instrumentation including high temperature, low oil pressure alarms, high output alternators.
2” stainless shafts mounted in thick fiberglass shaft tubes epoxied into schedule 80 steel shaft logs.
Non-metallic Morse bearings. Perko grounding brushes.
PSS Dripless seals on prop and rudder shafts.
Flow scan fuel management system monitoring all engines.
Sea chest with stainless ball valves for all sea water inlets.
Primary and secondary fuel filters.
Wet exhaust system with custom designed water lift muffler.
Quiet, large capacity engine room blowers with noise isolated vents.
Steel fuel tanks well baffled and braced including sight gauges and large inspection ports.
Stainless steel ball valves at each end of fuel lines.
Gulf Coast fuel and engine oil polishing systems with priming pump.
Five tanks approximately 200 gallons total, well vented with 2” deck fills for easy filling, plus keel operations tank.
Four inch fiberglass insulation in engine room.
Steel rudders skeg hung from fins to protect shaft and prop.
12 KW Westerbeke marine genset less than 200 hours
WORKSHOP AND STORAGE ROOM, 100 Sq. Located under the gallery area
ELECTRIAL: Separate heavy duty engine and dual house batteries connected by vapor proof master switches. Start batteries are 220 AH, house batteries are four VARTA (German) 8D. Back lighted custom made circuit breaker panel using high quality breakers.
Shore power master breaker is GFI (RCI) type for safety.
AC receptacles through out.
Indirect lighting and red safety lighting at steps.
12 volt lighting, quality lighting fixtures these are 12 volt halogen or fluorescent all sourced from West Marine.
All Seahorse Marine installed wiring is multi-strand tinned copper cable
Wires have color or maker codes for easy tracing
Wire runs in conduit and all runs, except the bilge pump, are located as far above the waterline as possible
10000 watt AC Isolation transformer. Lightning protection system
AC shore connector fitted on waist deck, starboard side
DC socket installed in pilothouse
Multiple zinc’s on hull, standard size bolted, not welded
International navigation lights and anchor light installed
Red interior night safety lighting. Pilothouse overhead lights have red night vision lighting as well as standard white bulbs
Signal horn, remote control spot light, flood lights for and aft.
WATER SYSTEMS: Two water tanks, approximately 1000 gallons total, with ball-cock shut off valves and vents designed salt water contamination
Fresh water system uses aluminum/vinyl tubing, not plastic.
Stainless ball type sea-cocks on all thruhulls below the waterline
Double all stainless clamps on all hoses below the waterline
Raritan Hot water heater with electric and engine heat exchanger for domestic water supply
High quality bath and galley fixtures (Kohler / American Standard)
BILGE PUMPS: Three Rule high capacity electric bilge pumps with float switches. Two manual bilge pumps. All bilge sumps epoxy coated
HEADS: Heads include trouble free non-jamming electric toilets, shower, basin and storage
Three electric Jabsco fresh water toilets plumbed to holding tanks. Tanks located above waterline and empty by gravity or deck fitting.
Heads have power ventilation on timer switches
Towel rails are to handrail strength
Mirrors are fitted in head (stainless steel)
HULL LIGHTING AND VENTILATION: Aluminum frame opening hull ports and windows, commercial ship quality with solid storm coverings
Deck hatches forward for ventilation and safety exit
Natural and forced ventilation in hull for comfort when conditions dictate a closed boat
DECK: Steel pulpits and hand rails 36” high for safety. Extra high 1 ¼” rails around pilothouse.
Stainless steel heavy bollards and chocks for lines, not painted steel
Boarding gates port, starboard and aft
The foredeck has stairs P & S to the boarding (waist) decks and a stair to pilothouse deck.
Heavy duty anchor pipe at bow. 75 Kilo anchor and 400’ of ½” chain with Muir “Thor” 3500 lbs. windlass.
Large folding stainless steel stern platform. Swim ladder
UPPER DECK HOUSE, 174 Sq’ This deck house is the main saloon, and includes large opening windows and a double door to a large aft deck. Steps lead up to the pilothouse and the stairway to the lower deck is protected by stainless rails.
BOATDECK: A ladder leads to the saloon top where there is dinghy storage protected by rails, an electric dinghy crane is standard. Includes 14' hard bottom dingy from New Zealand plus 15 HP Honda 4-stroke outboard
PILOTHOUSE, 100 Sq’ Standard interior includes a center helm station, a large desk which can be used as a chart table, file drawer type storage cabinet and a raised dinette
Two doors to side decks P & S
Folding radar and antenna mast on top of pilothouse
Engine and gear controls in pilothouse
Morse
Marine circuit breakers for all boat operations and for planned electronics installation, back lighted panels
Audio and visual warnings for engine water flow, high bilge water, high engine room temperature, pumps running, engine room lights or blower on, pump over-run alarm comes on if any pumps operates continuously for one minute. Audio alarm can be defeated only with key switch.
Heavy duty hydraulic steering
Windshields are 10 mm heavy safety glass and pilothouse design reduces water pressure on glass and boat structure in a serious green water situation. Center windshield opens.
LOWER DECKHOUSE, 769 Sq. The lower deck has a 72 Sq. crew or maids room forward of a full collision bulkhead with double bunks, its own head desk, and an escape hatch to the fore deck as well as aluminum sea door aft
Aft of the collision bulkhead are two staterooms and one head, total 140 Sq including hallway. One double bed cabin and one double bunk bed cabin with hanging lockers, desks and storage. A head available to both has an electric toilet and separate shower.
The large gallery, 104 Sq is fully equipped and has a sea doors to starboard and port. Gallery includes Creda (UK) double oven, Sharp microwave, and large Panasonic fridge
The port boarding deck includes a large secure storage locker. At the starboard entrance there is a wet locker and entrance ways to the dining room – aft, steps to the upper deck and entrance to the dining room aft
Aft of the dining room is the 180 Sq. master suite with a queen size bed, a TV cabinet with Sony 21' TV and DVD player, a desk with chair, book shelves, large hanging lockers, lots of storage, its own head with full size tub, and an a sea door to a private aft with large folding swim platform.
Another Moondance is lying Hong Kong in a beautiful marina.
We are asking US$550,000, replacement value in the US is over $1 million.
Email: tmuldown@hotmail.com
An ice shelf is a thick platform of ice that forms at the grounding line of a glacier, where the glacier meets the coastline. Most freshwater on earth is bound in the huge ice shield covering almost entire Antarctica and extending in shelf-ice to the sea. Increasing melt of Antarctic ice would lead to significant sea level rise.
For any form of publication, please include the link to this page: www.grida.no/resources/3196
This photo has been graciously provided to be used in the GRID-Arendal resources library by: Peter Prokosch
Like many of the fans who endured the cold, drizzly conditions inside Reliant Stadium to start the game, the Texans took a few minutes to warm up Sunday afternoon in the regular season finale against the Chicago Bears.
After a wake-up call courtesy of a momentum-changing sack by defensive end Mario Williams and a stern message from coach Gary Kubiak, the fans were treated to a spectacular offensive display led by Pro Bowler Andre Johnson and rookie running back Steve Slaton .
The 31-24 win gave Houston its second-consecutive 8-8 record to end the season, and it shut out the Bears from postseason contention.
Texans owner Bob McNair admired the team's strong finish to the season.
"I'd rather be 16-0," McNair said. "But I think starting out the way we did, 0-4, coming back, understand that only nine other teams have ever done that (start 0-4 and finish .500 or better) in this history of the NFL. So I think it was an accomplishment for our team."
Early on, the Texans appeared to suffer from the same malaise they showed at Oakland a week earlier. But the team erased a 10-0 deficit in the first quarter with 21 unanswered points to take a 21-10 lead early in the third quarter.
In that stretch, Johnson scored back-to-back touchdowns to bring the franchise-record crowd of 70,838 to its feet. The Pro Bowler finished with 10 catches for 148 yards (14.8 avg.) to end the season with the NFL lead in receptions (115) and receiving yards (1,575).
Meanwhile, Slaton rebounded from a first half in which he totaled only 19 rushing yards and lost a fumble to put the offense on his back in the final quarter of play. By gaining 128 total yards from scrimmage and scoring a touchdown in the game, Slaton may have sealed NFL Offensive Rookie of the Year honors.
Slaton’s five-yard gain with 1:24 remaining in the contest gave Houston a first down and allowed the team to run out the remainder of the clock.
"I really like the way we came back and played after we played pretty poorly on both sides of the ball throughout the first quarter," Kubiak said.
Chicago scored its first touchdown with 5:57 remaining in the first quarter when wide receiver Brandon Lloyd stretched out for a four-yard touchdown grab near the front left pylon. A 15-yard reception by wide receiver Devin Hester and a 15-yard penalty on defensive end Tim Bulman for roughing the passer set up the score.
Wide receiver André Davis ' 39-yard kickoff return down the Bears' sideline gave the Texans solid field position at their 42-yard line to begin their second possession. But Slaton fumbled on the first play from scrimmage after being tackled by cornerback Charles Tillman. Defensive end Alex Brown recovered the fumble and returned it 17 yards to the Houston 38.
Three plays later, Robbie Gould's 37-yard field goal made the score 10-0.
The next drive started promising when quarterback Matt Schaub threw a tight spiral to Davis for a 33-yard gain up the middle of the field. But tight end Owen Daniels was penalized 15 yards for unnecessary roughness on the next play, and Schaub was flagged 10 yards for intentional grounding one play later to derail the drive and force a punt.
Upon returning to the sideline, the offense received an earful from Kubiak.
"I just didn't think we were going about our business the way we were capable of playing," Kubiak said. "That's not us. We're usually a pretty poised group as a football team and right there is losing poise and getting a shot in on a guy and all of a sudden it took a lot of momentum away from us."
With 11:26 left in the first half, Chicago took over at the Houston 49 following a three-and-out series by the Texans. But Williams saved the defense with his 12th sack of the season by tackling quarterback Kyle Orton at the Chicago 45 for a 10-yard loss on third down.
From there, Johnson caught three passes for 72 yards, including a 43-yard touchdown where he dragged two defenders with him over the goal line. Kris Brown's extra point cut the Bears' lead to 10-7 with 5:50 remaining before halftime.
Running back Ryan Moats forced a fumble on the ensuing kickoff when he tackled Devin Hester. Brown dove on the ball at the Chicago 38 for the Texans' first takeaway.
On third-and-goal at the three-yard line, Schaub threw a fade route to Johnson in the back right corner of the end zone, and Johnson ripped away the ball from Tillman for the score.
Safety Danieal Manning returned the opening kickoff of the second half 40 yards to the Chicago 45. But on third-and-six, rookie safety Dominique Barber blitzed off the right side to sack Orton for a nine-yard loss.
Picking up where he left off in the first half, Johnson gained 21 yards to the Houston 48 on his first reception of the third quarter. Later, Slaton's 17-yard catch and wide receiver Kevin Walter's 23-yard grab helped give the Texans a first down at the Chicago 17.
Moats scored his first touchdown with the team on a two-yard rush off the left guard to cap the nine-play drive. Brown's extra point extended the Texans' lead to 21-10 with 8:30 left in the third quarter.
The Bears refused to lie down and responded with a seven-play, 77-yard drive over 3:00. A 37-yard catch by Hester to the Texans' one-yard line set up Orton's touchdown pass to tight end Greg Olsen.
Late in the third quarter, the Texans moved into scoring range thanks to a 33-yard catch by Daniels to the Chicago 15. On third-and-10 at the 15-yard line, wide receiver David Anderson made a diving nine-yard reception, and Schaub dove forward on fourth down to keep the drive alive.
Following two short rushes by Slaton, Schaub's pass intended for Anderson on third-and-goal from the four-yard line fell incomplete, setting up Brown's 22-yard field goal.
Following a Chicago punt to the Houston 11 midway through the fourth quarter, Schaub drove the offense 89 yards in 11 plays. On the first play of the series, he avoided a safety on first down by tossing a pass in the flats to Slaton, who outran a defensive lineman for an 11-yard gain. Two plays later, Slaton rushed for 47 yards before Manning tackled him at the Chicago 29.
A 14-yard reception by Johnson set up Slaton's 15-yard touchdown run, but a holding call on right guard Mike Brisiel negated the score. On the next run by Slaton, he was tackled and fumbled after a one-yard run, but Kubiak challenged the call. Replays showed Slaton's elbow was down before the ball came loose, and officials overturned the call.
On third-and-14, Bears linebacker Nick Roach was penalized for holding, giving the Texans an automatic first down at the 14-yard line. Slaton capped the team’s second-consecutive 11-play series with a two-yard touchdown run to make the score 31-17 after Brown's extra point.
The Bears made things interesting by picking apart the Texans' prevent defense on an 11-play, 72-yard drive over 1:55. On fourth-and-one at the Houston 11, Orton dove forward for a first down at the two-minute warning. He moved the Bears to the one-yard line by finding running back Adrian Peterson open on a nine-yard screen pass.
Safety Eugene Wilson was injured on the play, resulting in a burned timeout for Houston. Once play was restored, Orton pushed his way over the goal line for a touchdown that made the score 31-23 with 1:29 left in the game.
But Gould’s onside kick was recovered by Walter at the Chicago 44, and Slaton preserved the win on his final carry of the game for five yards and a first down.
This came up relatively quickly as we were motoring south through the La Conner channel. The light was superb for this early morning eerie scene. I fumbled for my Samsung phone and snapped it just in time.
This Great Lakes self-unloading bulk carrier was built as hull #417 by the Manitowoc Shipbuilding Co., Manitowoc, WI for the American Steamship Co. (Boland & Cornelius, managers), Buffalo, NY. She was launched May 9th, 1953 as the John J. Boland (3) and is one of three near sister vessels built by this shipyard. The other two vessels are the John G. Munson built as hull #415 for the USS Great Lakes Fleet still actively sailing, and the Detroit Edison built as hull #418 also for the American Steamship Co. A grounding in northern Lake Michigan on December 22nd, 1980 ended the Detroit Edison’s career on the Great Lakes.
Burning heavy fuel oil, the vessel is powered by a De Laval cross compound steam turbine engine built by De Laval Steam Turbine Co., Trenton, NJ, normally rated at 7,000 s.h.p. The self-unloader is equipped with double Helical gear reduction and two Foster-Wheeler water tube boilers and has a maximum service speed of 16.1 m.p.h. She is equipped with a bow thruster. Her 30 hatches service 6 holds where she is capable of carrying 20,200 tons (20,525 tonnes) at a mid-summer draft of 26'02" (7.98m). This vessel was one of the last to be built with telescoping hatch covers. A double bucket type self-unloading system feeds a forward mounted 250 foot (76.2m) discharge boom that can be swung 120
degrees to port or starboard. The self-unloader is classified by the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) as a bulk carrier for Great Lakes service and displaces 7,740 tons (7,864 tonnes) lightweight.
This vessel was the third lake boat to carry the John J. Boland name. Mr. John James Boland was born in Buffalo, NY September 20th, 1875. He had developed a vessel brokerage business and in 1904, formed a partnership with Mr. Adam E. Cornelius resulting in the firm Boland & Cornelius which further resulted in the formation of the American Steamship Company in 1907. Mr. Boland died October 3rd, 1956.
The John J. Boland’s first cargo was a load of limestone on September 25th, 1953 from Port Inland, MI for a lower lakes port. Her cargoes remained focused in the stone and coal trades throughout her tenure with the American Steamship Co. Of note; on December 16th, 1973, her discharge boom fell onto the dock at the Pulliam Power Plant, Green Bay, WI and was completely destroyed. The cause of the incident was reported to have been broken support cables. The boom was replaced by Bay Shipbuilding, Sturgeon Bay, WI in March of 1974. The John J. Boland continued sailing through until the mid-eighties when she was laid up with an uncertain future.
In the early 1990’s; American Steamship Co. refit the John J. Boland including upgrading her instruments and remodeling her cabins. She was returned to service on her usual trade routes until she was laid up again at Superior, WI’s Fraser Shipyards on December 27th, 1998. Her more modern and efficient fleet mate, the Adam E. Cornelius had been returned to ASC after coming off a long term lease with Central Marine Logistics. The Boland’s trade routes were to be taken over by the much newer Cornelius with the resulting announcement that the John J. Boland would not sail the 1999 navigation season.
On October 22nd, 1999; after 46 years of service to her original owners, Lower Lakes Towing Ltd., Port Dover, Ont. announced the purchase of the John J. Boland from American Steamship Co. The vessel was taken in tow from the Fraser Shipyards to the Government Dock, Sarnia, Ont. by the tug Roger Stahl owned by Detroit’s Gaelic Tug Boat Co. She received a refit, upgrades, and a coat of Lower Lakes grey for her hull. The vessel was christened Saginaw (3) on November 20th, 1999 in honor of Michigan’s Saginaw River; an artery leading to many of her new owner’s key customers.
Of note; in early 2000, the modern American Steamship Co. self-unloader Charles E. Wilson was renamed John J. Boland (4) to continue the name in the fleet co-founded by Mr. Boland nearly a century ago.
The first vessel to carry the Saginaw name was a wooden steamer built in 1866 by Thomas Arnold of Marine City, MI. Her dimensions were 194.42’ (59.26m) long x 27.66’ (8.43m) wide x 11.58’ (3.53m) deep, and 707.47 gross tons (718.83 tonnes). The vessel’s enrollment was surrendered November 4th, 1913 at Rochester, NY as “abandoned”. The second Saginaw was ironically built by the Manitowoc Shipbuilding Co., Manitowoc, WI in 1919. The steel hulled vessel was launched as the Coperas for the U.S. Shipping Board but entered service too late for service in WWI. The vessel was named Saginaw (2) following her acquisition by Saginaw Dock & Terminal Co., Cleveland, OH in 1937. She sailed under this name until being sold to the U.S. Navy September 27th, 1941 when she was renamed USS Matinicus (AG-38). She was renamed Saginaw in 1946, then renamed Ramsdal in 1948 after being sold and registered in Finland. She was scrapped in Finland in 1967 bearing the name Transdal.
The Saginaw (3), now registered Canadian, departed Sarnia on her maiden voyage for her new owners in December 4th, 1999 sailing light for the Lafarge Construction Materials quarry at Meldrum Bay, Ont. where she loaded stone destined for Marysville, MI. The Saginaw’s cargoes now could include stone, aggregates, coal, wheat, or salt. Much of the 2004 season was spent trading on Lake Superior with cargoes of coal from Thunder Bay, Ont. to Sault Ste. Marie, Ont. (Algoma Steel) and wheat cargoes from Thunder Bay, Ont. to ports such as Owen Sound and Goderich, Ont..
Of recent note, on December 6th, 2002; the Saginaw damaged her rudder in the channel above Lock 7 of the Welland Canal in Thorold, Ont. while attempting to turn and dock to unload at the Welland Canal's Wharf 6 in Thorold. After unloading, the Saginaw proceeded under her own power with the assistance of Nadro Marine's tug Miseford to Heddle Marine in Hamilton, Ont. for repair. On April 4th, 2003; the vessel became stuck in ice outside Marquette, MI's harbor and was not freed until April 7th with the assistance of CCGS Samuel Risley. The Saginaw was the last commercial vessel to transit the Soo Locks thus closing the locks for the 2003 navigation season on January 23rd, 2004. She had a cargo of coal from Duluth, MN bound for Nanticoke, Ont.
The Saginaw laid up at the north slip in Sarnia, Ont. for the last time as a steam powered vessel on December 31, 2007. Over the next several months, her steam plant was removed and replaced by a new MaK 6M43C 6-cylinder 8,160 BHP diesel engine. Combined with a newly installed controllable pitch propeller, this new powerplant is capable of pushing her at upwards of 16 mph and has resulted in better than expected vessel performance and fuel consumption. Returning to service in June 2008, this substantial upgrade ensures the Saginaw will be an efficient, productive asset as part of the Lower Lakes fleet for many years to come.
Of recent note, the Saginaw suffered a boom collapse on December 31, 2011 while loading coal in Thunder Bay, Ont. destined for Essar Steel Algoma in Sault Ste. Marie. Repairs were completed at the dock in Thunder Bay and she arrived at Essar to unload on January 20, 2012.
Overall Dimensions (metric)
Length 639'03" (194.84m)
Beam 72'00" (21.95m)
Depth 36'00" (10.97m)
Capacity 20,200 tons (20,525 tonnes)
Power (steam turbine) 7,000 s.h.p.
Since converted to Diesel 8,160 BHP