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Voronezh is a city and the administrative centre of Voronezh Oblast in southwestern Russia straddling the Voronezh River, located 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) from where it flows into the Don River. The city sits on the Southeastern Railway, which connects western Russia with the Urals and Siberia, the Caucasus and Ukraine, and the M4 highway (Moscow–Voronezh–Rostov-on-Don–Novorossiysk). In recent years the city has experienced rapid population growth, rising in 2021 to 1,057,681, up from 889,680 recorded in the 2010 Census, making it the 14th-most populous city in the country.
For many years, the hypothesis of the Soviet historian Vladimir Zagorovsky dominated: he produced the toponym "Voronezh" from the hypothetical Slavic personal name Voroneg. This man allegedly gave the name of a small town in the Chernigov Principality (now the village of Voronizh in Ukraine). Later, in the 11th or 12th century, the settlers were able to "transfer" this name to the Don region, where they named the second city Voronezh, and the river got its name from the city. However, now many researchers criticize the hypothesis, since in reality neither the name of Voroneg nor the second city was revealed, and usually the names of Russian cities repeated the names of the rivers, but not vice versa.
A comprehensive scientific analysis was conducted in 2015–2016 by the historian Pavel Popov. His conclusion: "Voronezh" is a probable Slavic macrotoponym associated with outstanding signs of nature, has a root voron- (from the proto-Slavic vorn) in the meaning of "black, dark" and the suffix -ezh (-azh, -ozh). It was not “transferred” and in the 8th - 9th centuries it marked a vast territory covered with black forests (oak forests) - from the mouth of the Voronezh river to the Voronozhsky annalistic forests in the middle and upper reaches of the river, and in the west to the Don (many forests were cut down). The historian believes that the main "city" of the early town-planning complex could repeat the name of the region – Voronezh. Now the hillfort is located in the administrative part of the modern city, in the Voronezh upland oak forest. This is one of Europe's largest ancient Slavic hillforts, the area of which – more than 9 hectares – 13 times the area of the main settlement in Kyiv before the baptism of Rus.
In it is assumed that the word "Voronezh" means bluing - a technique to increase the corrosion resistance of iron products. This explanation fits well with the proximity to the ancient city of Voronezh of a large iron deposit and the city of Stary Oskol. As well as the name of Voroneț Monastery known for its blue shade.
Folk etymology claims the name comes from combining the Russian words for raven (ворон) and hedgehog (еж) into Воронеж. According to this explanation two Slavic tribes named after the animals used this combination to name the river which later in turn provided the name for a settlement. There is not believed to be any scientific support for this explanation.
In the 16th century, the Middle Don basin, including the Voronezh river, was gradually conquered by Muscovy from the Nogai Horde (a successor state of the Golden Horde), and the current city of Voronezh was established in 1585 by Feodor I as a fort protecting the Muravsky Trail trade route against the slave raids of the Nogai and Crimean Tatars. The city was named after the river.
17th to 19th centuries
In the 17th century, Voronezh gradually evolved into a sizable town. Weronecz is shown on the Worona river in Resania in Joan Blaeu's map of 1645. Peter the Great built a dockyard in Voronezh where the Azov Flotilla was constructed for the Azov campaigns in 1695 and 1696. This fleet, the first ever built in Russia, included the first Russian ship of the line, Goto Predestinatsia. The Orthodox diocese of Voronezh was instituted in 1682 and its first bishop, Mitrofan of Voronezh, was later proclaimed the town's patron saint.
Owing to the Voronezh Admiralty Wharf, for a short time, Voronezh became the largest city of South Russia and the economic center of a large and fertile region. In 1711, it was made the seat of the Azov Governorate, which eventually morphed into the Voronezh Governorate.
In the 19th century, Voronezh was a center of the Central Black Earth Region. Manufacturing industry (mills, tallow-melting, butter-making, soap, leather, and other works) as well as bread, cattle, suet, and the hair trade developed in the town. A railway connected Voronezh with Moscow in 1868 and Rostov-on-Don in 1871.
Located in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, this byway provides access to a series of volcanic features including craters, active and dormant lava flows, and scenic views of tropical rain forests, mountains, wilderness areas, and the seacoast.
The Bow River Runs Through It
The Bow River flows south to the village of Lake Louise then turns east and flows through the town of Banff and throughout Canmore. The Ghost Lake reservoir is formed upstream from the town of Cochrane. The Bow flows eastward to the city of Calgary; it continues to form the South Saskatchewan River when the Bow joins with the Oldman River near Grassy Lake in southern Alberta. It reaches the Hudson Bay through the Saskatchewan River, Lake Winnipeg, and Nelson River.
Between 1910 and 1960, the Bow River was radically changed since it had been systematically designed to control its own water flow and provide hydroelectric power. The seasonal summertime flooding in Calgary was a matter of the past. Water has been held by reservoirs during spring and summer, allowing steady power generation during winter and autumn. Comparing 1924--33 to 1954--63, the Bow River's January flow had roughly doubled 30 years later. Parts of the river, such as that of the previous Ghost Dam, had turned into lakes. These developments had environmental effects, too. By way of instance, reservoirs allowed certain fish species, such as the brown trout, to outcompete other people, while other species virtually disappeared.
The designation of Banff as a national park marked a turning point in the public's perception of the Bow River. The river started to be appreciated for its aesthetic value together with its agricultural and industrial applications. Officials of the Canadian Pacific Railway, the company who led the development of Banff, realized this element. When work began on a brand new luxury hotel in Banff in 1886--87 - it was redesigned and reoriented the guests of the hotel would be able to see the vista of the Bow River. Many ancient postcards from Banff, along with some recent ones, prominently featured the Bow River.
Visiting Calgary?
Category
Landscape
Exposure
Manual, 1/3 sec, ISO 100
Camera
Canon 5D MKII
Lens
Canon 24mm TS-E
Filter
Polarizer
Location
Banff, Canada
www.alwayswanderlust.com/travel-photo-bow-river-black-and...
Ces étamines se dressent fièrement tel des chandelles sur un gâteau flamboyant!
Joyeux anniversaire mon fils!
Flow (Bamboo Chair)
Cheng-Tsung Feng and Kao-Ming Chen
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Taiwan Contemporary Chairs
2013.04.09 - 2013.04.14
Triennale di Milano
Milan Design Week 2013
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International launch - on initiative of Taiwan Craft Research Institute - of the exhibition "Taiwan Contemporary Chairs", focusing on revival of Taiwanese craft in contemporary design. Adaptation of "Eco Arts" -“Eco Arts” is not only a technical concept of design for environmental protection, but also exhibits key issues related to advocating new life attitude and new values of modern people. “Eco Arts” reveals attentiveness and circumspection, signifying the best utilization of, and respect for, the materials, in the pursuit of beauty and use of traditional craft, as well as the inheritance and enhancement of the spirit and ethics of craft creation.
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Section on back of machine where tooth of Flow Comb has broken off. There are a lot of these combs on the 2 beds and unless you stand at the end and site down between it is easy to miss one that is broken. That is why this was taken from that angle. I knew it was there but couldn't find it.
These earrings go with the flow. Oxidized silver with smoky topaz. My sister loved these and bought them for herself.
Flow Festival 2022
Helsinki, Finland
August 13th, 2022
All photos © Joshua Mellin per the guidelines listed under "Owner settings" to the right.