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The fortified evangelical church of Mălâncrav was built in the 14th century, on the site of a much older Romanesque basilica.
The history of the church as well as of the locality is closely linked to the nobility of Transylvania, mainly by the name of the Apafi family to which the king of Hungary ceded this territory until the 18th century when part of the Apafi property is passed into possession of the Bethlen family by a court decision from Vienna.
The present evangelical church is mentioned for the first time in the will of Nikolaus Apafi. Another important act in the history of the church dates from an article published in 1424 by Pope Martin V.
The church has three ships and a bell tower and was built in the early 14th century by Nikolaus' son Gregor. The international Gothic sanctuary was rebuilt in 1400. The current form of the religious building is due to the interventions which took place at the beginning of the 20th century and the enclosure which formerly surrounded the church, only a simple wall belt and the first levels of the gate tower have been preserved.
Inside, above the altar, you can see the coat of arms of the Apafi family on the keystone, surrounded by the inscription GENTILE SCUTUM APPAE.
Under the sacristy is the tomb of Prince Mihai Apafi II, whose crypt is the work of the transylvanian sculptor Elias Nicolai, from the 17th century. This monument is today in the Budapest Art Museum.
The real "treasure" of the church of Mălâncrav is its mural painting, the best-preserved set of 14th century Gothic linear narrative painting. On the north side of the central nave are most of the frescoes made around 1350. There are thus 53 pictorial scenes arranged in five registers, making a veritable quintessence of the creation revealed by the Old and New Testaments. The scenes painted in the choir of Mălâncrav are characterized by a great detachment from the constraints of the painting of the church and they are a fine example of the Gothic style which spread through Bohemia and Slovakia to Transylvania in from Italy and France.
15th/16th century Church of St Jacques le Majeur is used by both Catholic and Protestant congregations, as it has been since 1687. Unlike most European churches, it's protected by a stone wall with slots for archers. And the Protestants could only be buried outside the wall.
Carcassonne is a fortified French town in the Aude department, of which it is the prefecture, in the Region of Occitanie.
Occupied since the Neolithic period, Carcassonne is located in the Aude plain between two major thoroughfares linking the Atlantic to the Mediterranean sea and the Massif Central to the Pyrénées. Its strategic importance was quickly recognized by the Romans who occupied its hilltop until the demise of the Western Roman Empire and was later taken over in the fifth century by the Visigoths who founded the city. Also thriving as a trading post due to its location, it saw many rulers who successively built up its fortifications, until its military significance was greatly reduced by the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659.
The city is famous for the Cité de Carcassonne, a medieval fortress restored by the theorist and architect Eugène Viollet-le-Duc in 1853 and added to the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites in 1997.
The medieval times was violent and the need for protection was high, in particular for the rich and wealthy. Here is my take on a fortified bishop palace.
Built for Brickscalibur (Medieval micro) , CCC (Micro castle) and medieval contest hosted by brikkelauget.
The grounds of the Grade I Listed Gwydir Castle near to Llanrwst, County Conwy, in North Wales.
Although called a castle, it is an example of a Tudor architecture courtyard house or fortified manor house, rather than a traditional castle. There has been a fortification of some sort on the site since AD 600, and in the Middle Ages many skirmishes were fought in this area between the various rival Welsh princes and their forces, the most significant being in 610 and 954.
By the 14th century some form of manorial house had evolved, and the first recorded owner was Howell ap Coetmor, who fought in the Hundred Years' War and was a commander of longbowmen under Edward, the Black Prince at the Battle of Poitiers in 1356.
Gwydir became the ancestral home of the powerful Wynn family, descended from the Kings of Gwynedd, and one of the most significant families of north Wales during the Tudor and Stuart periods. Following the Wars of the Roses the castle was rebuilt by Meredith ap Ieuan ap Robert, the founder of the Wynn dynasty.
During the 16th and 17th centuries the Gwydir Estate under the Wynn family dominated north Wales, and at the centre of this huge Estate, Gwydir itself stood in a deer park of some 36,000 acres. In 1678 it passed by marriage to the Barons Willoughby de Eresby, based in Lincolnshire.
The 10-acre garden contains some ancient cedars — one of which was planted in 1625 to commemorate the wedding of King Charles I to Queen Henrietta Maria. One yew tree, known as the "Lovers Tree" or "Giant Yew", is estimated to be between 600 and 1000 years old, and therefore pre-dates the castle itself.
The Old Dutch garden contains ancient yew topiary and an octagonal fountain. The Royal and Statesman's gardens contain Welsh Oaks planted during the royal visit of 1899, and in 1911. An Elizabethan causeway called the Chinese Walk runs across the fields to the River Conwy, where the remains of the Gwydir Quay can be seen.
Information Source:
Precista fortified church, Galati
Biserica cu turn fortificat "Adormirea Maicii Domnului" - Precista
Galati - Biserica fortificata Precista
Category: Churches - Orthodox
Period: 1647
Importance: A
LMI code: GL-II-m-A-03066.01
Address: Str. Roşiori 2
Location: municipiul GALAŢI
District: Galati
Region: Moldova
This is the oldest building in Galați. It was consecrated as a place of worship in September 1647 during the reign of Vasile Lupu. The church was dedicated to the Vatopedi Monastery on Mount Athos. It was built from local materials including stone, forest wood, brick and lime, sand from the beaches of the Danube and so on. As well as its typical Romanian church architecture, the monastery has some specific elements of interest such as a bell tower with battlements for observation of the Danube valley and for defense. The tower has two levels and a room to hide assets. There are two ramparts and a door to a balcony. The second floor is fitted with windows and battlements. Another of the church's defences is a reinforced bridge consisting of two parts, one above the nave and one above the altar. The bridge has 28 battlements. The church survived the turbulent periods of Galați's history and was rebuilt and restored in 1829 and again in 1859. From 1953 to 1957, the church was used as a museum. It was restored in the period 1991–1994.
www.monumenteromania.ro/index.php/monumente/detalii/en/Bi...
ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biserica_fortificată_Sfânta_Preci...
www.crestinortodox.ro/biserici-manastiri/biserica-precist...
The Warsaw Barbican (Polish: barbakan warszawski) is a barbican (semicircular fortified outpost) in Warsaw, Poland, and one of few remaining relics of the complex network of historic fortifications that once encircled Warsaw. Located between the Old and New Towns, it is a major tourist attraction.
The barbican was erected in 1540 in place of an older gate to protect Nowomiejska Street. It was designed by Jan Baptist the Venetian, an Italian Renaissance architect who lived and worked in the Mazowsze region of 16th century Poland and was instrumental in the redesign of the 14th-century city walls, which by that time had fallen into disrepair. The barbican had the form of a three-level semicircular bastion manned by fusiliers. It was 14 meters wide and 15 meters high from the bottom of the moat, which surrounded the city walls, and extended 30 meters from the external walls.
Almost immediately after its inception, the 4-tower barbican became an anachronism serving virtually no practical purpose. This was largely a result of the rapid advancement in artillery power. It was used in the defense of the city only once, during the Swedish invasion of Poland, on 30 June 1656, when it had to be recaptured by the Polish army of Polish king John II Casimir from the Swedes.
In the 18th century, the barbican was partially dismantled as its defensive value was negligible, and the city benefited more from a larger gate which facilitated movement of people and goods in and out of the city. In the 19th century, its remains were incorporated into newly built apartment buildings (kamienica). During the interwar period, in 1937–1938, Jan Zachwatowicz reconstructed part of the walls and the western part of the bridge, demolishing one of the newer buildings in the reconstruction process. However, a lack of funds delayed the barbican's planned complete reconstruction, and the 1939 invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany put the plans on hold.
During World War II, particularly the Siege of Warsaw (1939) and the Warsaw Uprising of 1944, the barbican was largely destroyed, as were most of the Old Town's buildings. It was rebuilt after the war, during 1952–1954, on the basis of 17th-century etchings, as the new government decided it would be cheaper to rebuild the barbican and the nearby city walls as a tourist attraction than to rebuild the tenements. In its reconstruction, bricks were used from historic buildings demolished in the cities of Nysa and Wrocław; most of the barbican was rebuilt, save for two exterior gates and the oldest tower on the side of the Old Town. It is currently a popular tourist attraction. (Wikipedia)
Just hanging out on the walls of the fortified city, the only one in North America, Quebec City. The Laurentian Mountains in the background.
When the the Knights of Malta arrived in Malta in 1530, they chose to settle in Birgu, and Fort St Angelo became the seat of the Grand Master. The Knights made this their primary fortification and substantially reinforced and remodelled it. Fort St Angelo withstood the Turks during the Siege of Malta, though in the aftermath of that siege the Knights built the fortified city of Valletta on Mount Sciberras across the other side of Grand Harbour, and the administrative centre for the knights moved there.
With the coming of the British to Malta the fort retained its importance as a military installation, and the fort was listed as a ship, originally in 1912 as HMS Egremont, but in 1933 renamed as HMS St Angelo.
Today parts of the fort are leased to the Order of the Knights of St John. Other parts are used as a maritime Museum. - Malta guide
The Saxon village of Viscri in Transylvania, Romania, has been granted UNESCO World Heritage status largely due to it's 13th century Gothic Fortified Evangelical church.
Suzuki Optical Co. Press Van • Asahi Kogaku Takumar 1:3.5 F=75mm
FujiFilm Neopan Acros II developed in Caffenol CL 60min stand @ 20°C
Scanned with Plustek OpticFilm 120 at 2400dpi with Silverfast AI Studio 9
Hartmannswiller • Haut-Rhin • Alsace • France
Caffenol CL
500 ml Filtered Water
8gr Anhydrous Washing Soda
5gr Vitamin C
0.5gr KBr
20gr Instant coffee ("Cora")
10 slow inversions then let stand for 60 minutes
Le fort d'Alençon... Du haut de ses tours restantes, près de cinq siècles me contemplent.
Du haut de ses domaines spatiaux, quatre milliards cinq cent millions d'années d'existence solaire semblent contempler ces tours....Et moi ? Et moi ?
Photo HDR prise le 12 avril 2019, rue du Château, à Alençon, en Normandie...
The fortified evangelical church of Cincșor was built in the 14th century.
The settlement was first documented in 1377 in the papal tax lists (Rudbertus de Parvo Promotorio), the second mention being in 1434 when it appeared under the name of "Kyssenk". During the following centuries, Cincșor became a real bastion on the route of the Olt on the path of the migratory peoples, the Turks and the Tatars. The fortified church dates from this first period.
The church with a tower to the west was erected between 1421 and 1427 and dedicated to the "holy apostles Peter and Paul". In the middle of the 15th century, the first enclosure was erected and a defense floor was added above the choir. The fortified church of Cincșor is one of the best preserved churches in Transylvania, the changes that have taken place over the centuries are minimal.
The church organ was brought by Samuel Matz Birthalm and is dated 1805. The Cincșor organ is one of the most famous church organs in Transylvania. In the bell tower, there are two bells, a large one dating from 1937 and an average dating from 1644.
The famous Transylvanian painter Carl Dörschlag painted the current altar in 1868. The old altar of the triptych is located in the country's museum in Făgăraș
In 2011, the village community of Saxon origin had only 22 inhabitants.
The fortified chruch at Ingelheim dates back to the 12th century. Ingelheim itself is located on the western banks on river Rhine. The main church was built in Gothic style in the 15th century.
VATHIA (Fortified Settlement) - ΒΑΘΕΙΑ
Vathia is situated in the southern Peloponnese, in one of the southern most regions of Continental Europe. The fortified village is constructed on top of a hill, with stone towers, houses and churches, giving breathtaking view to the sea. This village was originally founded in the 18th century and flourished during the 19th century.
Taken during a 5 day vacation with my English wife Theresa Jane Brown.
Thanassis Fournarakos - Θανασης Φουρναρακος
Professional Photographer, retired.
Athens, Greece.
© ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
None of my images may be downloaded, copied, reproduced, manipulated or used on websites, blogs or other media without my explicit written permission. THANK YOU!
This photograph has achieved the following highest awards:
* GALAXY HALL OF FAME
* THE GALAXY STARS HALL OF FAME
Fortified with moisturizers and emollients so you can show off your beautiful, shiny manageable hair at the beach, or anywhere!
Gamlebyen / Old, fortified town - Fredrikstad
A bit on/off these days my friends due to our yearly January visit in Gran Canaria a few weeks..
Thanks to all kind comments and wishes in my previous upload.
All the best from me too to you all for 2025!!
(I will try to visit your fine photos too the best I can -but will come on stronger when I'm back home :)
After having taken this shot, I had some trouble with my tripod's head. Couldn't use it anymore. One of my friends kindly offered me to use one of his tripods. Therefore, I could continue shooting all night. Thank you so much my friend!
この写真を撮った直後に三脚が使えなくなりました。写真仲間が２台持っていたうちの１台を貸してくれ、なんとか撮影を続けることができました。ありがとう。
April 26, 2014 at 11:50pm
Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
The church of San Claudio is a fortified abbey of the XII century. There are two churches, one at the ground floor and the other at the first floor.
Here my son got married.
I found on the web a very strange fact. The bishop of Fermo who co-founded the Abbey had my same family name: “Presbitero”. Anyway there is not any degree of kindred, as far as I know.
Many thanks to everyone passing by my shots. Comments are appreciated. You are welcome. Sergio
© Sergio Presbitero 2010, All Rights Reserved
This work may not be copied, reproduced, republished, edited, downloaded, displayed, modified, transmitted, licensed, transferred, sold, distributed or uploaded in any way without my prior written permission.
To fortify the coastline of the Banana Republic against foreign aggression. Each complex consists of a dual 15" gun turret, and multiple ammo bunkers, pill boxes, and AA gun sites to protect the gun.
Dunster Castle is a former motte and bailey castle, now a country house, in the village of Dunster, Somerset, England. The castle lies on the top of a steep hill called the Tor, and has been fortified since the late Anglo-Saxon period. After the Norman conquest of England in the 11th century, William de Mohun constructed a timber castle on the site as part of the pacification of Somerset. A stone shell keep was built on the motte by the start of the 12th century, and the castle survived a siege during the early years of the Anarchy. At the end of the 14th century the de Mohuns sold the castle to the Luttrell family, who continued to occupy the property until the late 20th century.
The castle was expanded several times by the Luttrell family during the 17th and 18th centuries; they built a large manor house within the Lower Ward of the castle in 1617, and this was extensively modernised, first during the 1680s and then during the 1760s. The medieval castle walls were mostly destroyed following the siege of Dunster Castle at the end of the English Civil War, when Parliament ordered the defences to be slighted to prevent their further use. In the 1860s and 1870s, the architect Anthony Salvin was employed to remodel the castle to fit Victorian tastes; this work extensively changed the appearance of Dunster to make it appear more Gothic and Picturesque.
Following the death of Alexander Luttrell in 1944, the family was unable to afford the death duties on his estate. The castle and surrounding lands were sold off to a property firm, the family continuing to live in the castle as tenants. The Luttrells bought back the castle in 1954, but in 1976 Colonel Walter Luttrell gave Dunster Castle and most of its contents to the National Trust, which operates it as a tourist attraction. It is a Grade I listed building and scheduled monument. Wikipedia
May 01, 2016. Enjoyed the view of Alhambra, the fortified Moorish commplex (Across the other side of hilltop at upper right) as the locals see everyday in AlbayzÃ-n, Granada, Spain.
Part of York City Walls, a scheduled ancient monument
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/York_city_walls
_DSC9425 Anx2 1400h Q90
A less typical view of Castle Mountain from the backside on the way to Tower Lake. The huge precipices of Eisenhower Tower soar high into the cloudy air to collect the snowy outpourings of the sky. Orange and brown rocks are almost hidden by the many layers of snow that have been plastered onto the mountain's rocky face over the winter. Down below, a gathering of lowly trees stand protected by the fortification enclosing the valley.
Thanks for looking!
🎵 You'll never change what's been and gone
Refreshing my body and mind on this short vacation dedicated to spreading peace and love!
☮︎♡
My Infinity Pool
The fortified evangelical church of Mălâncrav was built in the 14th century, on the site of a much older Romanesque basilica.
The history of the church as well as of the locality is closely linked to the nobility of Transylvania, mainly by the name of the Apafi family to which the king of Hungary ceded this territory until the 18th century when part of the Apafi property is passed into possession of the Bethlen family by a court decision from Vienna.
The present evangelical church is mentioned for the first time in the will of Nikolaus Apafi. Another important act in the history of the church dates from an article published in 1424 by Pope Martin V.
The church has three ships and a bell tower and was built in the early 14th century by Nikolaus' son Gregor. The international Gothic sanctuary was rebuilt in 1400. The current form of the religious building is due to the interventions which took place at the beginning of the 20th century and the enclosure which formerly surrounded the church, only a simple wall belt and the first levels of the gate tower have been preserved.
Inside, above the altar, you can see the coat of arms of the Apafi family on the keystone, surrounded by the inscription GENTILE SCUTUM APPAE.
Under the sacristy is the tomb of Prince Mihai Apafi II, whose crypt is the work of the transylvanian sculptor Elias Nicolai, from the 17th century. This monument is today in the Budapest Art Museum.
The real "treasure" of the church of Mălâncrav is its mural painting, the best-preserved set of 14th century Gothic linear narrative painting. On the north side of the central nave are most of the frescoes made around 1350. There are thus 53 pictorial scenes arranged in five registers, making a veritable quintessence of the creation revealed by the Old and New Testaments. The scenes painted in the choir of Mălâncrav are characterized by a great detachment from the constraints of the painting of the church and they are a fine example of the Gothic style which spread through Bohemia and Slovakia to Transylvania in from Italy and France.
© Ben Heine || Facebook || Twitter || www.benheine.com
_______________________________________________
Belém Tower is a fortified tower and a famous landmark located
in the Belém district of Lisbon, Portugal. I travelled there in 2007.
_______________________________________________
For more information about my art: info@benheine.com
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Belém Tower was built in the early 16th century in the Portuguese late Gothic style, the Manueline, to commemorate Vasco da Gama's expedition. This defensive, yet elegant construction has become one of the symbols of the city, a memorial to the Portuguese power during the Age of the Great Discoveries. In 1983 it was classified, together with the nearby Mosteiro dos Jerónimos, as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The Belém Tower was built both as a ceremonial gateway to Lisbon and as part of a defense system of the entrance of the Tagus river and the Jerónimos Monastery, which was necessary to protect Lisbon. The system was initiated by King John II (1455-1495), who built the Fortress of Cascais and the Fortress of São Sebastião of Caparica. The banks of Belém were protected by a ship, the Grande Nau, replaced by the Tower of Belém during the last five years of the reign of King Manuel I.
The Tower was constructed between 1515 and 1521 by military architect Francisco de Arruda, who had already built several fortresses in Portuguese possessions in Morocco. The influence of the Moorish decorative art is manifest in delicate decorations of the arched windows and balconies and in the ribbed cupolas of the watch towers. Diogo de Boitaca, first architect of the nearby Monastery of the Jerónimos, probably also participated in decorating the building. The machicolation and the battlements are decorated with the rich sculptural ornamentations of the Manueline style.
Originally, the Tower stood on a little island on the right side of the Tagus, surrounded by water. Opposite the beach at Restelo, with the progressive southward creeping of the shore over the years, it is now practically moored to the bank itself. It was dedicated to the patron saint of Lisbon, St Vincent.
In 1580, when Lisbon was invaded by Spanish troops in the course of a struggle for the Portuguese throne, the Tower fought and surrendered to the Duke of Alba. In the following centuries the Tower was mainly used as a prison (with the underground cellars regularly flooding) and as a custom house. Indeed, given its height and lack of dissimulation in the landscape, some historians believe the Tower was mostly intended to serve as a customs outpost.
In the 1840s, under the impulse of romantic writer Almeida Garrett, the Tower of Belém was restored by King Ferdinand II. At this point many neo-manueline decorative elements were added to the building. It was declared a National Monument in 1910.