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Located at number 4. Murray Street, Colac's former post office is in a prime location at the gateway into the historical centre of the town.
Built in 1876 by the Public Works Department, it was extended in 1888 to reflect the Victorian Free Classical building that is seen today. It features a classical colonnade entrance, windows with attenuated vertical proportions, aedicules using prominent pillar detailing and a classically inspired clock over the entranceway.
The building has seen many changes over the years, as has its usage. The Colac telephone exchange commenced on the premises in 1904 with twenty-five subscribers.
Times have changed in Twentieth Century Colac, and the post office with a capacious dwelling for the postmaster became too large for the practicalities of the modern day business that Australia Post is, and they relocated to smaller, more modern and more central promises. Now the former Colac post office has found new life as a Chinese restaurant. However, because it is protected by the National Heritage Committee, no exterior advertising is permitted to be attached to the classical facade, which is why there are discreet signs in the upper floor windows and dainty Chinese lanterns hanging from the colonnade's arches. At night the clock, which still keeps good time, is illuminated by a violet coloured neon light that encircles the face.
Located approximately 150 kilometres to the south-west of Melbourne, past Geelong is the small Western District city of Colac. The area was originally settled by Europeans in 1837 by pastoralist Hugh Murray. A small community sprung up on the southern shore of a large lake amid the volcanic plains. The community was proclaimed a town, Lake Colac, in 1848, named after the lake upon which it perches. The post office opened in 1848 as Lake Colac and was renamed Colac in 1854 when the city changed its name. The township grew over the years, its wealth generated by the booming grazing industries of the large estates of the Western District and the dairy industry that accompanied it. Colac has a long high street shopping precinct, several churches, botanic gardens, a Masonic hall and a smattering of large properties within its boundaries, showing the conspicuous wealth of the city. Today Colac is still a commercial centre for the agricultural district that surrounds it with a population of around 10,000 people. Although not strictly a tourist town, Colac has many beautiful surviving historical buildings or interest, tree lined streets. Colac is known as “the Gateway to the Otways” (a reference to the Otway Ranges and surrounding forest area that is located just to the south of the town).
VIDEO: youtu.be/2a-XBbvHhxw
Out in Events Announces Gays Gone Wild! at Fairgrounds X, Gay and Lesbian Day At Six Flags Great Adventure.
New York, NY: Out in Events announced this week that Fairgrounds X, better known as 'Gay and Lesbian Day at Six Flags', will take place Saturday, September 7 at Six Flags Great Adventure in Jackson, NJ. Fairgrounds is the largest private LGBT event in the United States. This year, to accommodate the growing number of LGBT families, the hours have been extended and even kiddie rides will be open! The new hours are 10:30am till midnight. At 8pm, the park will be closed to the public and remain open exclusively to Fairgrounds X ticket holders. In addition, for the first time in its ten year history, Fairgrounds guests will have access to Great Adventure's Wild Safari! DJ Hector Fonseca, DJ Eddie Baez, DJ Steve Sidewalk, Meg Live (Bad Boy Records, MTV - Puff Daddy's "Making His Band), Bex (Billboard Top 10 Dance Charts), Cheer New York, and www.LaserLightShow.ORG - will provide the musical entertainment. A portion of the net proceeds will benefit the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force Action Fund, The Gay Lesbian Center of NY and The Imperial Court of NY.
"In celebration of ten years of Fairgrounds, we are going wild," says co-founder Mark Nelson, the events planner and producer who helped found the annual LGBT celebration. "The all-new Safari Off Road Adventure will take guests on an intense, up-close animal experience unlike anything they have ever encountered. Guests will splash through ponds, climb hills, cross bridges and venture over rugged terrain - and it's all included with Fairgrounds X admission!"
Since the Safari attraction is a 90-minute tour, and closes at 5pm, producers recommend arriving to the park early.
Also open for the first time at Fairgrounds will be the Sky Way, a ride that transports guests from Lakefront to Frontier Adventures while offering a bird's-eye-view of the park in a personal cable car.
Six Flags' Fairgrounds launched ten years ago at Six Flags Great Adventure. "It was wildly successful from the start", explains co-founder Gage Kristofer.
Organizers estimate ten thousand gay men and women (and their friends and families) will attend Fairgrounds X. "We welcome gay communities from Washington DC, Boston, Pittsburg and the entire tri-state area to join the fun. Fairgrounds is truly a coming together of all the area's LGBT communities, uniting with pride."
"Last year saw an influx of gay newlyweds and gay families with their children," he adds.
Six Flags Great Adventure is world renown for its award-winning roller coasters. Amusement Today awarded El Toro coaster with its Golden Ticket for being the #2 top wooden coaster in the country. At a record-breaking 76 degree incline, El Toro features the steepest drop of any wooden roller coaster in the USA. They also awarded a Golden Ticket to the Nitro coaster, ranking it the #3 steel coaster in the country. Nitro blasts riders 230 feet in the air with a 215-foot drop at speeds approaching 80 mph.
There is also Green Lantern, a stand-up coaster that delivers a smooth, white-knuckled adventure, upside down on a 15-story ride of twisting steel!
Other maximum thrill rides are Batman, Bizzaro, Dare Devil Dive, Kingda Ka, Rolling Thunder, Slingshot, Superman:Ultimate Flight, The Twister and SkyScreamer, a towering swing ride that climbs twenty-four stories off the ground and then spins around at 40mph. All will be open at Fairgrounds X.
Even with the anticipated record crowd this year, the park can handle 60,000. Six Flags Great Adventure is prepared to keep ride lines moving swiftly at Fairgrounds X. Plus, this year's VIP pass insures quicker ride access after 8pm.
At 8pm, Fairgrounds X will be a closed private event. Season passes will not be honored. It is the one night each year when LGBT attendees can walk hand-in-hand and enjoy the open-air thrill rides without fear of harassment.
"With the recent supreme court rulings, we have a lot to celebrate this year," continues Nelson. "Come out to Six Flags and let's get wild."
For more information on Fairgrounds X, please visit www.outinevents.com or www.gaysixflags.com
Recorded by:
Louis Capet XXVI Laser Shows + Music Publishing - www.LaserLightShow.ORG
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Telephone - (215) 888-8080
McDonnell Douglas KC-10A EXTENDER (MSN 48222) 305th AMW / 514th AMW / USAF (83-0081) / BASE DE MORÓN (LEMO) SPAIN
Unsurprisingly the rear corners were battle scarred and enhanced with assorted fibreglass and filler but as this MCW Metrobus was bodied by Northern Counties the corners were left overlong to accommodate whatever NCME were going to do body wise.
We have had the corners lengthened by the requisite amount and this is a trial fit of the offside corner on GM Express 5208 C208FVU
Lots to do before it's finally lined up and fitted.....!
proportions look mostly ok in this position, but I'm going to have to make everything smaller, starting with the height of the boot.
La quebrada de Las Flechas, es un accidente geográfico (precísamente una quebrada) ubicado en el km 4380 de la Ruta Nacional 40 (tramo que une las localidades de Cafayate y Cachi) en el Departamento San Carlos de la provincia de Salta, norte de la República Argentina, extendiéndose por 20 km dentro de los Valles Calchaquíes, desde Angastaco hasta el Río Calchaquí. En 1995, la Legislatura de Salta lo incorporó como uno de sus símbolos.
Distante aproximadamente de 260 km de la ciudad de Salta (por Cafayate), se trata de formaciones rocosas puntiagudas inclinadas que forman estrechos desfiladeros con paredes de 20 m de altura, convirtiéndose en uno de los puntos turísticos y más atractivos de la ruta nacional 40.
Mientras se atraviesan las formaciones, destacan el «paso del Ventisquero» y en especial el «paso de la Flecha», que se asemeja a un glaciar petrificado de puntas agudas, que fue declarado Monumento Natural de Angastaco por medio de la ley provincial Nº 6808 en el año 1995.
En su trayectoria, ubicada en el km 4420 de la ruta 40, se encuentra la iglesia jesuítica más antigua de todo el Valle Calchaquí la que data del año 1780. Fue restaurada en 1969 por los actuales propietarios del lugar (Finca El Carmen); hecha de adobe y techo de caña, con dos altares coloridos, la iglesia parece pender de un barranco, mirando el valle en toda su extensión. Desde el lugar, y cruzando el río, puede ingresarse entre rocas milenarias donde se encuentran vestigios arqueológicos como restos de urnas funerarias y vasija de la cultura santamariana (o cultura de Santa María), que habitó estas tierras antes de la llegada de los españoles.
La quebrada está incluida en una amplia región incluida entre las áreas importantes para la conservación de las aves en Argentina
Este tramo de 150 km de la Ruta nacional 40 que une las localidades de Cafayate y Cachi puede transitarse sin ninguna dificultad con cualquier tipo de vehículo. El camino consolidado es de ripio en buen estado y en permanente conservación, el que se encuentra trazado medio de estas angulosas formaciones donde la tierra señala el cielo. Con velocidad moderada para el ripio lleva aproximadamente 5 horas completarla.
El camino encajonado comienza a abrirse si uno va en sentido a Angastaco y sucederá lo contrario si uno viaja en dirección Norte-Sur, ya que el pueblo es la puerta de entrada a la Quebrada.
Los colores de las formaciones rotan a lo largo del día según la posición del sol. Brillantes por la mañana y ocres por la tarde, por lo que se recomienda siempre transitarlo antes del atardecer, aunque también bajo la luz de la luna llena hay quienes se animan a surcarlas a caballo, ya no por la ruta sino por la quebrada del río Calchaquí.
Si bien son muchos los ciclistas que realizan esta travesía en verano, es aconsejable no realizarla a pleno sol de mediodía debido a las elevadas temperaturas, a la gran amplitud térmico y por ser el terreno pedregoso y polvoriento, el que se complejiza en verano durante la época de lluvia.
Su origen se remonta de entre 15 a 20 millones de años cuando grandes bloques de rocas comenzaron a elevarse en el borde de la Puna. (rocas duras y cristalinas originadas en el Precámbrico); Profundas fallas en la corteza terrestre fueron levantando rocas graníticas y metamórficas formando un contrafuerte montañoso. Las placas sedimentarias (areniscas pardo rojizas que sedimentaron antes que los Andes existieran) que se encontraron en algún momento a ras del suelo se quebraron por el surgimiento de las montañas y sus extremos quedaron inclinados apuntando al cielo armando desfiladeros angostos con paredes de aproximadamente 20 m de alto. Posteriormente la erosión las afiló y ahora se asemejan cuchillas o puntas de flecha una al lado de la otra.
Estos estratos fueron plegados y fracturados al recibir el empuje de las orogenia andina; con el tiempo estos materiales se convirtieron en rocas que quedaron clasificadas con el nombre de Formación Angastaco, por ser el lugar donde alcanzan su mejor expresión.
Dentro de la Formación Angastaco se distinguen tres secciones . La sección inferior predominantemente arenosa de color gris y pardo rojizo claro, la sección media con areniscas gruesas y conglomerado de color gris y la sección superior esencialmente arenosa con pelitas subordinadas.
Texto: es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quebrada_de_Las_Flechas
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La quebrada de Las Flechas, é um acidente geográfico (precísamente uma quebrada) localizado no km 4380 da Ruta Nacional 40 (tramo que uma as localidades de Cafayate e Cachi) no Departamento San Carlos da província de Salta, norte da República Argentina, extendido por 20 km dentro dos Valles Calchaquíes, desde Angastaco até o Rio Calchaquí. En 1995, a Legislatura de Salta para incorporar como um de seus símbolos.
Distante cerca de 260 km da cidade de Salta (por Cafayate), se trata de formações rochosas que se deslocam a partir de 20 metros de altura, convertendo-se em um dos pontos turísticos e mais atractivos da rota nacional.
Durante o período de vigência, destacam o «passo do Ventisquero» e em especial o «passo da Flecha», que se assemelha a um glaciar petrificado de puntas agudas, que foi declarado Monumento Natural de Angastaco por meio da lei provincial Nº 6808 En el año 1995.
En su trayectoria, localizado no km 4420 da rota 40, se encontra a igreja jesuítica mais antiga de todo o Valle Calchaquí que data do ano de 1780. Foi restaurado em 1969 pelos proprietários do lugar (Finca El Carmen); Hecha de adobe e teto de caña, com dos altares coloridos, a igreja parece pender de um barranco, olhando o vale em toda sua extensão. Desde o lugar, e cruzando o rio, pode entrar em rocas milenarias onde se encontra vestígios arqueológicos como restos de urnas funerárias e vasija da cultura santa mariana (o cultura de Santa María), que é habitado estas terras antes da chegada dos españoles.
A quebrada está incluída em uma ampla região entre as áreas importantes para a conservação das aves em Argentina
Este tramo de 150 quilômetros da roda nacional 40 que uma das localidades de Cafayate e Cachi pode transitarse sem nenhuma dificuldade com todo o tipo do veículo. O caminho consolidado é de ripio em bom estado e em permanente conservação, o que se encontra o meio de estas formas angulosas onde a terra indicam o céu. Com velocidade moderada para o ripio carrega aproximadamente 5 horas completala.
El camino encajonado comienza a abrir e se vai em sentido a Angastaco e sucede no sentido contrário e viaja em direcção Norte-Sur, e que o povo é a porta de entrada na Quebrada.
Os cores das formações rotan um o largo do dia segundo a posição do sol. Brillantes para a manhã e ocres pela tarde, pelo que recomendaram Sempre recomendado antes do atardecer, mas também sob a luz da lua Calchaquí.
Si bien los muchos ciclistas que realizan esta travesía en verano, es aconsejable no realizarla a pleno sol de mediodía devido a las elevadas temperaturas, a gran amplitude térmica y por el terreno pedregoso y polvoriento, el que se complejiza en verano durante la Época de chuva
Su origem se remonta de entre 15 a 20 milhões de anos quando grandes bloques de rocas começaram a elevarse no borde da Puna. (Rochas duras e cristalinas originadas no pré-fabricado); Profundas fallas na corteza terrestre levantando rocas graníticas e metamórficas formando un contrafuerte montañoso. As placas sedimentarias (areniscas pardo rojizas que sedimentaron antes que os Andes existieran) que se encontrou em algum momento um ras do solo quebraram para o recolhimento das montanhas e os extremos ficaram inclinados apuntando ao céu armando desfiladeros angostos com paredes aproximadamente 20 m De alto. Posteriormente a erosão é afiado e agora é uma parte de uma outra.
Estes estratos foram plegados e fracturados para receber o empuje de orogenia andina; Con el tiempo estos materiales se convirtieron en rocas que quedaron clasificadas con el nombre de Formación Angastaco, por ser el lugar donde alcanzan su mejor expresión.
Dentro da Formação Angastaco se distinguen tres secciones. A seção inferior predominantemente arenosa da cor cinzenta e parecem rojizo claro, a seção meios com areniscas gruesas e conglomerado de cor cinzenta ea seção superior essencialmente arenosa com pelitas subordinadas.
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The Las Flechas gorge is a geographical accident (located at a distance of 4380 km. From the National Route 40 (section connecting the towns of Cafayate and Cachi) in the San Carlos Department of the province of Salta, north of the Argentina, extending for 20 km within the Calchaquíes Valleys, from Angastaco to the Calchaquí River. In 1995, the Legislature of Salta incorporated it as one of its symbols.
Distant approximately 260 km from the city of Salta (by Cafayate), these are pointed rocky formations that form narrow gorges with walls of 20 m in height, becoming one of the tourist attractions and more attractive of the national route 40.
While traversing the formations, the "passage of the Ventisquero" and especially the "passage of the Arrow", which resembles a petrified glacier with sharp points, was declared a Natural Monument of Angastaco by provincial law No. 6808 In the year 1995.
Located in km 4420 of route 40, there is the oldest Jesuit church in the entire Calchaquí Valley dating from 1780. It was restored in 1969 by the present owners of the place (Finca El Carmen); Made of adobe and cane roof, with two colorful altars, the church seems to hang from a ravine, looking at the valley in all its extension. From the place, and crossing the river, you can enter between ancient rocks where there are archaeological remains such as remains of funerary urns and a vessel of Santamarian culture (or culture of Santa María), which inhabited these lands before the arrival of the Spanish.
The ravine is included in a wide region included among the areas important for the conservation of birds in Argentina
This stretch of 150 km of the National Route 40 that connects the towns of Cafayate and Cachi can travel without any difficulty with any type of vehicle. The consolidated road is gravel in good condition and in permanent conservation, which is traced half of these angular formations where the earth points to the sky. With moderate speed for the rubble takes approximately 5 hours to complete it.
The boxed road begins to open if one goes in direction to Angastaco and the opposite will happen if one travels in a North-South direction, since the town is the gateway to the Quebrada.
The colors of the formations rotate throughout the day according to the position of the sun. Bright in the morning and ocher in the afternoon, so it is recommended to always walk before sunset, although also under the light of the full moon there are those who are encouraged to ride them on horseback, not by the route but by the river ravine Calchaqui.
Although there are many cyclists who make this trip in summer, it is advisable not to do it in the midday sun because of the high temperatures, the great thermal amplitude and because it is the stony and dusty terrain, which becomes complex in summer during the Rainy season
Its origin goes back from 15 to 20 million years when large blocks of rocks began to rise on the edge of the Puna. (Hard and crystalline rocks originated in the Precambrian); Deep faults in the earth's crust were lifting granite and metamorphic rocks forming a mountainous buttress. The sedimentary plates (reddish brown sandstones that sediment before the Andes existed) that were found at some point below the ground were broken by the rise of the mountains and their ends were inclined pointing to the sky by arming narrow gorges with walls of approximately 20 m High. Later erosion sharpened them and now resemble blades or arrowheads next to each other.
These strata were folded and fractured when receiving the thrust of the Andean orogeny; With time these materials became rocks that were classified with the name of Angastaco Formation, for being the place where they reach their best expression.
Within the Angastaco Formation three sections are distinguished. The lower section is predominantly sandy in gray and light reddish brown, the middle section with thick sandstones and gray conglomerate and the upper section is essentially sandy with subordinate pellets.
Sited on the west bank of Cedar Lake in Minneapolis, this house evolved out of a consideration for and a direct engagement with the surrounding landscape. A series of low stone walls provide the foundation for the house and emerge from the body of the house to define three courtyards, each with a specific materiality: the eye court (wispy grasses, crab apples and winterberry), the body court (stone pavers), and the mind court (river stones). The eye court provides visual relief from the compressed entry sequence defined by a cantilevered roof plane. The body court allows the inhabitants a physical place to directly engage in outdoor activities, and the mind court offers a spiritual space in which one can contemplate the wonders of nature from a sheltered location.
Looking back over Skiary from the lochside path to Barrisdale Bay - great to be making a start after a 6 hour drive from Carlisle!
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Hillwalking journal entries for the two days:
Friday 11/7/97 - Saturday 12/7/97
Luinne Bheinn - Meall Buidhe - Ladhar Bheinn
44 km, 2850 m: 19.8 hours in total
Day 1: 22 km, 1750 m: 9.2 hours
Conditions: Warm and generally sunny.
Day 2: 22 km, 1100 m: 10.6 hours
Conditions: A gloomy start with conditions improving throughout the day.
Base: Carlisle
Map and starting point: OS Sheet 33, GR 949066
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The original intention had been to knock off the last 3 Munros the previous month sometime, but it had been the wettest June for decades, and I'd been hanging on for some half-decent weather, hoping to end my round on a high note. But time was running out, with the stalking season approaching and the days already beginning to shorten. So although the forecast was rather dubious - the relevant region of the met. chart being dotted with sunshines, black clouds and lightning forks! - I decided to chance it anyway.
I left Carlisle at 4:55 Friday morning, and arrived at Kinloch Hourn about 11:00 am. The weather had been discouraging during much of the drive north, but the sun had started to make an intermittent appearance at Fort William, and by the time I was heading down the 22 mile single-track road to journey's end - the longest cul-de-sac in Britain - it was shorts and T-shirt conditions!
I felt elated setting out to Barrisdale along the picturesque path by the south shore of Loch Hourn, with the views more than compensating for the 300 m zero-gain climb that this 10 km stretch entails. I was however feeling a wee bit apprehensive about whether I was really fit enough to take the route on: I'd done no serious hillwalking since bagging Beinn Sgritheall6 weeks earlier, and this was without doubt the most demanding route I'd ever tackled in the Scottish hills. Also despite the fact that it was my sixth 2-dayer in little over a year, it was the first time I'd be facing such a tough second day. I'd also been a bit disconcerted about the incredulous reaction my plan had provoked from the farmer when paying my parking fee at Kinloch Hourn - apparently most people spent 2 days on just the one Munro!
Nevertheless, I was still feeling fit and keen for the hills when I eventually reached Barrisdale Bay and was rewarded with my first full view of the magnificent Ladhar Bheinn - and its stunning pair of bookend stobs!
The original intention had been to follow the path to Mam Barrisdale and then to climb Luinn Bheinn over Bachd Mhic an Tosaich; but with the heat of the day beginning to take its toll, a better approach now appeared to be via the Glean Unndalain path, which ran much of its length by the side of a burn, and so about half the climb could be completed without having to carry water. This proved to be a good route and the col at the head of the glen was gained without too much effort. Ben Aden, Sgurr na Ciche, Sgurr Mor - all now in view.
After finding no trace of a half-expected and much-hoped-for path, I set off up the steep termination to Luinne Bheinn's east ridge. The climb proved to be something of a grind, and I'd abandoned any realistic hope of extending the route to Meall Buidhe - as originally planned - well before gaining the more easterly of the two tops. I dumped my rucksack and set off in the late afternoon sunshine on the short but exhilarating stroll along the ridge to summit of the hill.
With the next Munro looking a million miles away across the intervening depths of Choire Odhair, and being dog-tired and almost out of water, I'd no firm plan in mind as I ambled back to collect my gear. One thing was certain though, there was no way I'd be leaving Knoydart alive without having climbed at least 2 of the 3 Munros! So I dropped down to the ridge to Meall Buidhe, with the intention of climbing the hill next day and then walking straight out to Kinloch Hourn, leaving Ladhar Bheinn for a return trip.
However, on gaining the first col I could hear the rush of running water, and managed to find the head of the Allt a' Choire Odhair without losing too much hard-gained height (exactly as per map in fact!). It was a well-sheltered spot and a pleasant setting, and had I brought a book along I might well have stuck camp there and then. But it was only 5:30 pm - what on earth was I going to do for the rest of the evening?
So after a well-earned rest, and an isotonic drink, I half-filled my water bottle and set off at a snail's pace further along the ridge, with the option of dropping down to the corrie at the next col. However, I soon gained my second wind, and managed to keep going to Bealach Ile Coire without stopping. Meall Buidhe was now definitely in the bag - it was just a question of optimising the strategy. The original plan had been to climb the hill and then drop down to Choire Odhair in a north-easterly direction via the gully between the two peaks, as suggested in the SMC guidebook. But this descent looked perilous in places. Surely a better option would be to dump my rucksack at the bealach, climb the remaining 300 m unencumbered, double back, and then drop down to the corrie via a less intimidating route? Yes!
So I followed the trace of a path - steep and ingenious in places - up the rocky ridge to the lesser of the 2 peaks. Then onwards to the summit of the hill, and further along the ridge for a glistening seaward view: 7:30 pm.
Back for the sack, and then safely down towards Choire Odhair's twin lochans, eventually finding the perfect bivvy site on the far side of the allt, with a good view towards Ladhar Bheinn's Aonach Sgoilte ridge. With a big day to follow, I spent a solid hour replenishing the calories with a 5 course meal before laying down for the night.
No chance of any sleep of course, but thankfully there was tolerable radio reception which helped me while away the hours before making a start on breakfast at first light: 04:15 am. According to snippets of the forecast I'd managed to pick up over the airwaves it sounded like I could be in for a poor day weather-wise - which seemed to be confirmed by the red-edged clouds scudding by overhead. But at least it was still dry and all of the surrounding peaks were clear.
Feeling re-energised after my long lie down, and being a mere 3 Naismith-hours from my final Munro, I decided to go for it anyway - I'd start worrying about the long walk out in due course!
I was up and away by 05:00 am heading northwards up a broad grassy rake that eventually took me to the col at the foot of Luinne Bheinn's north-west ridge. Then over Bachd Mhich an Tosaich and down to Mam Barrisdale, from where a rough traverse westwards, followed by an easy climb by the line of the burn, led to the flat-floored hollow of Coire a' Phuill. It was raining by now but the peaks were still clear. Less than 30 minutes later I'd clambered up the steep grassy slopes of the corrie headwall to the Stob a' Chearcaill col, and I was looking towards the disconcertingly distant summit of my final Munro, the magnificent Ladhar Bheinn.
The dominant feeling was one of almost overwhelming anxiety: I felt sure that circumstances would in some way conspire to prevent me from gaining that final tick in the book! But what could possibly go wrong with just 2 km to walk and less than 400 m to climb, on a well-defined ridge, with a path all the way? It had even stopped raining.
With this cheering thought in mind I made my way up Aonach Sgoilte and then ambled down to Bealach Coire Dhorrcail. Slowly and carefully up “An Caisteal” (surely this spectacular feature merits a name?) - an interesting ascent, with a few short scrambly sections, and good views back beyond the Stob a' Chearcaill ridge to the hills of yesterday.
Fatigue was now beginning to set in and I had to stop to catch my breath during the latter stages of the climb, before finally cresting the hill. There was a strong wind cutting across the summit ridge as I made my way to the top of my last Munro. The sun broke through the clouds as I approached the cairn...
Only two thoughts now occupied my mind: the long walk out; and more immediately, the Stob a' Choire Odhair ridge, which had looked intimidating from certain vantage points during the climb. After a quick but cautious out-and-back to the trig point I set off along the knife-edge ridge towards the imposing stob. There was a considerable feeling of exposure, and care was required in places, but technically it was just a walk. Then easily down the Druim, eventually picking up the start of the stalker's path by the Allt Coire Dhorrcail, after a stumbling “shortcutting” descent down the trackless flank of the corrie. In view of my fatigued condition, this path was greatly appreciated - especially the zig-zagging ramp down the bracken-infested lower slopes of Creag Bheithe.
Half an hour or so later, I was taking my first real rest of the day by the ruined church at the start of the loch-side path back to Kinloch Hourn. Picturesque or not, this was going to be a slog and a half! I split the route into 30 minute stints, and within 3 hours I was back at the car: 3:40 pm.
It had been a hard 2 days.
Postscript
I discovered the following week, that on the very day I climbed my last Munro - some 15 years after embarking on my campaign - the SMC had announced to the world that 8 new Munros were to be added to the list!
DOT Art partnered with Uptown Grand Central to present a vinyl construction banner wrap by Gera Lozano, also known as GERALUZ, along the fencing surrounding the re-construction of the 125th Street Plaza at Park Avenue in Manhattan. In 2015, GERALUZ painted a mural on the comfort station within the plaza through the DOT Art Program in partnership with Uptown Grand Central and Creative Art Works. The mural featured images of sunrises and sphinxes to symbolize Harlem's rich heritage. Uptown Grand Central invited GERALUZ back to the site to incorporate similar motifs within the banner to uplift the surrounding community during the plaza renovation. The banner design created a point of connection for the community and continued to symbolize the bright future of the neighborhood.
NYC DOT Art Program, Special Projects (2019)
In partnership with Uptown Grand Central
Harlem Sunrise Extended by Gera Lozano
Construction Fence at 125th Street Plaza, Manhattan
St John the Baptist, Thaxted, Essex
The best church in Essex, and one of the best in England. The great spire rises above the gorgeous, prosperous little town, the big church surrounded closely on all sides by its busy life and a reminder that, like Lavenham in Suffolk, this was once a much more important place.
One of the touchstones of 20th Century Anglo-catholicism, with an influence which even today reaches out over adjoining parishes, this is a church full of light and space in the full confidence of its late 15th and early 16th Century rebuilding. The high, wide aisles extend to the full length of the chancel creating three parallel sanctuaries separated by the yawning of leaping, delicate arcades. The gathered paraphernalia of the Anglo-catholic tradition is shunted into corners and set boldly before pillars.
And yet, this does not feel like an urban church. Here, the wide spaces seem not to notice what has happened elsewhere. There are earlier details as well as later ones, among them late medieval glass and splendid 17th Century continental stalls brought here from the chapel of Easton Hall, but the overall impression is of serious High Church worship set within the frame of late-medieval Perpendicular harmony. And, perhaps also a sense of remoteness and distant loss, a recognition of what happened here once in another world, the world of lost Catholic England, an open airy emptiness which, as Pevsner observed, comes from the dearth of monuments as much as anything else. There is a sense here that there has not for a long time been a class in possession, and all in all it is a church which is much greater than the sum of its parts.
Like most of north Essex, the church and its town fell into a long sleep in the 18th and 19th Centuries, especially during the long agricultural recession in the second half of the latter century, but in 1910 a young London Priest called Father Conrad Noel was appointed to the living of Thaxted. He was a man of enormous energy and talent, and transformed Thaxted town and church into a maelstrom of political and cultural activity. He remained vicar of Thaxted until his death in 1942.
Conrad Noel set about galvanising the little town, making it a national centre for the English Crafts movement. When Arthur Mee visited Thaxted church in the 1940s he found the church hung and carpeted with colour, its tapestries, banners and vestments being the magnificent work of modern craftsmen inspired by the enterprise and fine judgement of the late incumbent (Conrad Noel) and his wife. Some of them we have all seen, for they were exhibited at the Wembley Exhibition (the Empire Exhibition of 1921). The surviving banners, now kept in storage to preserve them, are occasionally displayed and used in the church.
The parish became a centre for other revived English traditions. Fr Noel's undoubted charisma, and his insistence that Christianity was about beauty and ritual, attracted many well-known artists, musicians and folklorists to Thaxted. The folk revival was happening across Europe in the 1920s and 1930s, and it is no coincidence that the Morris Ring found a friendly home in the town. English Morris Dancing still sees Thaxted as its home.
The composer Gustav Holst moved to Thaxted, and Holst and Noel collaborated on musical events, creating the Thaxted Festival which still takes place every summer. Holst regularly played the organ at Mass in Thaxted church, and his compositon Thaxted, a reworking of the Jupiter theme in his Planets Suite, is best known today as a setting for the words of I Vow to thee my Country. When it was reused by the BBC for the Rugby World Cup anthem World in Union, the royalties went to Thaxted church.
Working with them was Percy Dearmer, another left-wing Priest and musicologist. He was responsible for popularising Anglo-Catholic forms of liturgy and worship based on his research into the music and liturgy of the medieval church. He was also editor of the Oxford Book of Carols which almost single-handedly reintroduced the idea of Christmas carol services to English churches.
Other musical figures who became associated with Thaxted included the composers Ralph Vaughan Williams and Martin Shaw. Vaughan WIlliams already had a considerable track record in collecting English folk tunes and working them into his own compositions. Shaw, best known today for hymn tunes like Little Cornard ('Hills of the North Rejoice') and Bunessan ('Morning has Broken'), wrote an Anglican Folk Mass for Thaxted church.
Another prominent figure in the Thaxted Movement was Joseph Needham, Cambridge professor and expert on Chinese Medicine, whose intellectual rigor gave a backbone to the folk tradition which Noel was allowing to live and breathe in his parish. Needham and his wife Dorothy were promoters of the Gymnosophist movement, in which young gymnasts would perform their routines naked, as in Ancient Greece. Gymnosophy was very popular in Germany in the 1920s and 1930s, but perhaps it is as well that it did not catch on in Thaxted.
Conrad Noel had been one of the founders of the Church Socialist League in 1906, but he left it in 1918 to found the Catholic Crusade. Like several Anglo-catholic Priests, Noel was also a member of the Independent Labour Party, and in 1911 he became a founding member of the British Socialist Party. In the 1920s, his most notorious action was to hang the Socialist Red Flag, the Irish Tricolor and the English Flag of St George side by side in the south transept.
It is worth saying that, even today, hanging the Flag of St George in a parish church is unusual, and in Noel's day it was considered suspicious, for the more usual flag to be hung in parish churches is the Union flag as a sign of the protestant credentials of the Established Church. The flag of St George was considered evidence of Anglo-Catholic sympathies. The Irish Tricolor was even more controversial of course, for Ireland, although not yet a republic, was a newly independent nation which had broken away from the Union, an aspiration which some in the Thaxted Movement held for their beloved England.
Flying the red flag was an act of provocation, and flying the three flags together was quite outrageous, and unforgiveable. On at least one occasion, Cambridge undergraduates travelled to Thaxted church to remove the flags, ceremoniously pulling them down, sparking off fist-fights and other disturbances. Noel himself was accused of sedition in the House of Commons. Eventually a consistory court ruled against his displaying the three flags, and Noel obeyed the ruling. Conrad was inevitably dubbed "The Red Rector" by the popular press as a result of his actions and beliefs.
Conrad Noel is almost forgotten today outside of church circles, but his influence on English culture and the revival of tradition in the 20th Century was immense. If England ever becomes a nation independent of the Union again, I hope that someone will remember him and put his face on the bank notes.
I've extended the radiator duct intake, made a new seat from a styrene coffee cup lid, and the interior is what I started 18 years ago, now fully boxed in. YES. Hurricanes didn't have boxed-in cockpits. But there was a bulkhead above the landing gear wells, and armor behind the pilot. And the aluminum planks for the pilot's feet, like early F4U Corsairs, is most of what you see from above. The roundish blob is a compass that mounts under the instrument panel.
Airfix were really trying *too* hard on this one. The same fuselage cannot be both a Mk I or a Mk II, the engines are different lengths and so is the fuselage. And this fuselage is a Mk I. So all the under wing options are good for the spares box, or a flight of fancy Mk I with a Mk II wing... it could have happened...
The rectangular bit at upper right is the original kit interior. Not very nice. On the other hand, the 40mm cannon at upper left are not bad at all, if a Mk IId or a Mk IV is your goal. It only comes with one set of propeller blades, which look like Rotol to me, but there are two different spinners. The original Rotol prop setup on a Hurricane used a Spitfire spinner, I suppose that's the short one, and the long one is the bespoke Hurricane style that appeared later.
Classic 1904 Arts and Crafts Details...Including High Cove Ceilings, Plaster Walls w/Custom Paint, Hardwood Oak Floors, Built-In Cabinets w/Columns, Large Windows w/Plantation Shutters, Original Fireplace Feature...Large, Open Living Area
Kalograia (Greek: Καλογραία, Turkish: Bahçeli) is a village in the Kyrenia District of Cyprus, east of Kyrenia. It is under the de facto control of Northern Cyprus.
Northern Cyprus, officially the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), is a de facto state that comprises the northeastern portion of the island of Cyprus. It is recognised only by Turkey, and its territory is considered by all other states to be part of the Republic of Cyprus.
Northern Cyprus extends from the tip of the Karpass Peninsula in the northeast to Morphou Bay, Cape Kormakitis and its westernmost point, the Kokkina exclave in the west. Its southernmost point is the village of Louroujina. A buffer zone under the control of the United Nations stretches between Northern Cyprus and the rest of the island and divides Nicosia, the island's largest city and capital of both sides.
A coup d'état in 1974, performed as part of an attempt to annex the island to Greece, prompted the Turkish invasion of Cyprus. This resulted in the eviction of much of the north's Greek Cypriot population, the flight of Turkish Cypriots from the south, and the partitioning of the island, leading to a unilateral declaration of independence by the north in 1983. Due to its lack of recognition, Northern Cyprus is heavily dependent on Turkey for economic, political and military support.
Attempts to reach a solution to the Cyprus dispute have been unsuccessful. The Turkish Army maintains a large force in Northern Cyprus with the support and approval of the TRNC government, while the Republic of Cyprus, the European Union as a whole, and the international community regard it as an occupation force. This military presence has been denounced in several United Nations Security Council resolutions.
Northern Cyprus is a semi-presidential, democratic republic with a cultural heritage incorporating various influences and an economy that is dominated by the services sector. The economy has seen growth through the 2000s and 2010s, with the GNP per capita more than tripling in the 2000s, but is held back by an international embargo due to the official closure of the ports in Northern Cyprus by the Republic of Cyprus. The official language is Turkish, with a distinct local dialect being spoken. The vast majority of the population consists of Sunni Muslims, while religious attitudes are mostly moderate and secular. Northern Cyprus is an observer state of ECO and OIC under the name "Turkish Cypriot State", PACE under the name "Turkish Cypriot Community", and Organization of Turkic States with its own name.
Several distinct periods of Cypriot intercommunal violence involving the two main ethnic communities, Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots, marked mid-20th century Cyprus. These included the Cyprus Emergency of 1955–59 during British rule, the post-independence Cyprus crisis of 1963–64, and the Cyprus crisis of 1967. Hostilities culminated in the 1974 de facto division of the island along the Green Line following the Turkish invasion of Cyprus. The region has been relatively peaceful since then, but the Cyprus dispute has continued, with various attempts to solve it diplomatically having been generally unsuccessful.
Cyprus, an island lying in the eastern Mediterranean, hosted a population of Greeks and Turks (four-fifths and one-fifth, respectively), who lived under British rule in the late nineteenth-century and the first half of the twentieth-century. Christian Orthodox Church of Cyprus played a prominent political role among the Greek Cypriot community, a privilege that it acquired during the Ottoman Empire with the employment of the millet system, which gave the archbishop an unofficial ethnarch status.
The repeated rejections by the British of Greek Cypriot demands for enosis, union with Greece, led to armed resistance, organised by the National Organization of Cypriot Struggle, or EOKA. EOKA, led by the Greek-Cypriot commander George Grivas, systematically targeted British colonial authorities. One of the effects of EOKA's campaign was to alter the Turkish position from demanding full reincorporation into Turkey to a demand for taksim (partition). EOKA's mission and activities caused a "Cretan syndrome" (see Turkish Resistance Organisation) within the Turkish Cypriot community, as its members feared that they would be forced to leave the island in such a case as had been the case with Cretan Turks. As such, they preferred the continuation of British colonial rule and then taksim, the division of the island. Due to the Turkish Cypriots' support for the British, EOKA's leader, Georgios Grivas, declared them to be enemies. The fact that the Turks were a minority was, according to Nihat Erim, to be addressed by the transfer of thousands of Turks from mainland Turkey so that Greek Cypriots would cease to be the majority. When Erim visited Cyprus as the Turkish representative, he was advised by Field Marshal Sir John Harding, the then Governor of Cyprus, that Turkey should send educated Turks to settle in Cyprus.
Turkey actively promoted the idea that on the island of Cyprus two distinctive communities existed, and sidestepped its former claim that "the people of Cyprus were all Turkish subjects". In doing so, Turkey's aim to have self-determination of two to-be equal communities in effect led to de jure partition of the island.[citation needed] This could be justified to the international community against the will of the majority Greek population of the island. Dr. Fazil Küçük in 1954 had already proposed Cyprus be divided in two at the 35° parallel.
Lindley Dan, from Notre Dame University, spotted the roots of intercommunal violence to different visions among the two communities of Cyprus (enosis for Greek Cypriots, taksim for Turkish Cypriots). Also, Lindlay wrote that "the merging of church, schools/education, and politics in divisive and nationalistic ways" had played a crucial role in creation of havoc in Cyprus' history. Attalides Michael also pointed to the opposing nationalisms as the cause of the Cyprus problem.
By the mid-1950's, the "Cyprus is Turkish" party, movement, and slogan gained force in both Cyprus and Turkey. In a 1954 editorial, Turkish Cypriot leader Dr. Fazil Kuchuk expressed the sentiment that the Turkish youth had grown up with the idea that "as soon as Great Britain leaves the island, it will be taken over by the Turks", and that "Turkey cannot tolerate otherwise". This perspective contributed to the willingness of Turkish Cypriots to align themselves with the British, who started recruiting Turkish Cypriots into the police force that patrolled Cyprus to fight EOKA, a Greek Cypriot nationalist organisation that sought to rid the island of British rule.
EOKA targeted colonial authorities, including police, but Georgios Grivas, the leader of EOKA, did not initially wish to open up a new front by fighting Turkish Cypriots and reassured them that EOKA would not harm their people. In 1956, some Turkish Cypriot policemen were killed by EOKA members and this provoked some intercommunal violence in the spring and summer, but these attacks on policemen were not motivated by the fact that they were Turkish Cypriots.
However, in January 1957, Grivas changed his policy as his forces in the mountains became increasingly pressured by the British Crown forces. In order to divert the attention of the Crown forces, EOKA members started to target Turkish Cypriot policemen intentionally in the towns, so that Turkish Cypriots would riot against the Greek Cypriots and the security forces would have to be diverted to the towns to restore order. The killing of a Turkish Cypriot policeman on 19 January, when a power station was bombed, and the injury of three others, provoked three days of intercommunal violence in Nicosia. The two communities targeted each other in reprisals, at least one Greek Cypriot was killed and the British Army was deployed in the streets. Greek Cypriot stores were burned and their neighbourhoods attacked. Following the events, the Greek Cypriot leadership spread the propaganda that the riots had merely been an act of Turkish Cypriot aggression. Such events created chaos and drove the communities apart both in Cyprus and in Turkey.
On 22 October 1957 Sir Hugh Mackintosh Foot replaced Sir John Harding as the British Governor of Cyprus. Foot suggested five to seven years of self-government before any final decision. His plan rejected both enosis and taksim. The Turkish Cypriot response to this plan was a series of anti-British demonstrations in Nicosia on 27 and 28 January 1958 rejecting the proposed plan because the plan did not include partition. The British then withdrew the plan.
In 1957, Black Gang, a Turkish Cypriot pro-taksim paramilitary organisation, was formed to patrol a Turkish Cypriot enclave, the Tahtakale district of Nicosia, against activities of EOKA. The organisation later attempted to grow into a national scale, but failed to gain public support.
By 1958, signs of dissatisfaction with the British increased on both sides, with a group of Turkish Cypriots forming Volkan (later renamed to the Turkish Resistance Organisation) paramilitary group to promote partition and the annexation of Cyprus to Turkey as dictated by the Menderes plan. Volkan initially consisted of roughly 100 members, with the stated aim of raising awareness in Turkey of the Cyprus issue and courting military training and support for Turkish Cypriot fighters from the Turkish government.
In June 1958, the British Prime Minister, Harold Macmillan, was expected to propose a plan to resolve the Cyprus issue. In light of the new development, the Turks rioted in Nicosia to promote the idea that Greek and Turkish Cypriots could not live together and therefore any plan that did not include partition would not be viable. This violence was soon followed by bombing, Greek Cypriot deaths and looting of Greek Cypriot-owned shops and houses. Greek and Turkish Cypriots started to flee mixed population villages where they were a minority in search of safety. This was effectively the beginning of the segregation of the two communities. On 7 June 1958, a bomb exploded at the entrance of the Turkish Embassy in Cyprus. Following the bombing, Turkish Cypriots looted Greek Cypriot properties. On 26 June 1984, the Turkish Cypriot leader, Rauf Denktaş, admitted on British channel ITV that the bomb was placed by the Turks themselves in order to create tension. On 9 January 1995, Rauf Denktaş repeated his claim to the famous Turkish newspaper Milliyet in Turkey.
The crisis reached a climax on 12 June 1958, when eight Greeks, out of an armed group of thirty five arrested by soldiers of the Royal Horse Guards on suspicion of preparing an attack on the Turkish quarter of Skylloura, were killed in a suspected attack by Turkish Cypriot locals, near the village of Geunyeli, having been ordered to walk back to their village of Kondemenos.
After the EOKA campaign had begun, the British government successfully began to turn the Cyprus issue from a British colonial problem into a Greek-Turkish issue. British diplomacy exerted backstage influence on the Adnan Menderes government, with the aim of making Turkey active in Cyprus. For the British, the attempt had a twofold objective. The EOKA campaign would be silenced as quickly as possible, and Turkish Cypriots would not side with Greek Cypriots against the British colonial claims over the island, which would thus remain under the British. The Turkish Cypriot leadership visited Menderes to discuss the Cyprus issue. When asked how the Turkish Cypriots should respond to the Greek Cypriot claim of enosis, Menderes replied: "You should go to the British foreign minister and request the status quo be prolonged, Cyprus to remain as a British colony". When the Turkish Cypriots visited the British Foreign Secretary and requested for Cyprus to remain a colony, he replied: "You should not be asking for colonialism at this day and age, you should be asking for Cyprus be returned to Turkey, its former owner".
As Turkish Cypriots began to look to Turkey for protection, Greek Cypriots soon understood that enosis was extremely unlikely. The Greek Cypriot leader, Archbishop Makarios III, now set independence for the island as his objective.
Britain resolved to solve the dispute by creating an independent Cyprus. In 1959, all involved parties signed the Zurich Agreements: Britain, Turkey, Greece, and the Greek and Turkish Cypriot leaders, Makarios and Dr. Fazil Kucuk, respectively. The new constitution drew heavily on the ethnic composition of the island. The President would be a Greek Cypriot, and the Vice-President a Turkish Cypriot with an equal veto. The contribution to the public service would be set at a ratio of 70:30, and the Supreme Court would consist of an equal number of judges from both communities as well as an independent judge who was not Greek, Turkish or British. The Zurich Agreements were supplemented by a number of treaties. The Treaty of Guarantee stated that secession or union with any state was forbidden, and that Greece, Turkey and Britain would be given guarantor status to intervene if that was violated. The Treaty of Alliance allowed for two small Greek and Turkish military contingents to be stationed on the island, and the Treaty of Establishment gave Britain sovereignty over two bases in Akrotiri and Dhekelia.
On 15 August 1960, the Colony of Cyprus became fully independent as the Republic of Cyprus. The new republic remained within the Commonwealth of Nations.
The new constitution brought dissatisfaction to Greek Cypriots, who felt it to be highly unjust for them for historical, demographic and contributional reasons. Although 80% of the island's population were Greek Cypriots and these indigenous people had lived on the island for thousands of years and paid 94% of taxes, the new constitution was giving the 17% of the population that was Turkish Cypriots, who paid 6% of taxes, around 30% of government jobs and 40% of national security jobs.
Within three years tensions between the two communities in administrative affairs began to show. In particular disputes over separate municipalities and taxation created a deadlock in government. A constitutional court ruled in 1963 Makarios had failed to uphold article 173 of the constitution which called for the establishment of separate municipalities for Turkish Cypriots. Makarios subsequently declared his intention to ignore the judgement, resulting in the West German judge resigning from his position. Makarios proposed thirteen amendments to the constitution, which would have had the effect of resolving most of the issues in the Greek Cypriot favour. Under the proposals, the President and Vice-President would lose their veto, the separate municipalities as sought after by the Turkish Cypriots would be abandoned, the need for separate majorities by both communities in passing legislation would be discarded and the civil service contribution would be set at actual population ratios (82:18) instead of the slightly higher figure for Turkish Cypriots.
The intention behind the amendments has long been called into question. The Akritas plan, written in the height of the constitutional dispute by the Greek Cypriot interior minister Polycarpos Georkadjis, called for the removal of undesirable elements of the constitution so as to allow power-sharing to work. The plan envisaged a swift retaliatory attack on Turkish Cypriot strongholds should Turkish Cypriots resort to violence to resist the measures, stating "In the event of a planned or staged Turkish attack, it is imperative to overcome it by force in the shortest possible time, because if we succeed in gaining command of the situation (in one or two days), no outside, intervention would be either justified or possible." Whether Makarios's proposals were part of the Akritas plan is unclear, however it remains that sentiment towards enosis had not completely disappeared with independence. Makarios described independence as "a step on the road to enosis".[31] Preparations for conflict were not entirely absent from Turkish Cypriots either, with right wing elements still believing taksim (partition) the best safeguard against enosis.
Greek Cypriots however believe the amendments were a necessity stemming from a perceived attempt by Turkish Cypriots to frustrate the working of government. Turkish Cypriots saw it as a means to reduce their status within the state from one of co-founder to that of minority, seeing it as a first step towards enosis. The security situation deteriorated rapidly.
Main articles: Bloody Christmas (1963) and Battle of Tillyria
An armed conflict was triggered after December 21, 1963, a period remembered by Turkish Cypriots as Bloody Christmas, when a Greek Cypriot policemen that had been called to help deal with a taxi driver refusing officers already on the scene access to check the identification documents of his customers, took out his gun upon arrival and shot and killed the taxi driver and his partner. Eric Solsten summarised the events as follows: "a Greek Cypriot police patrol, ostensibly checking identification documents, stopped a Turkish Cypriot couple on the edge of the Turkish quarter. A hostile crowd gathered, shots were fired, and two Turkish Cypriots were killed."
In the morning after the shooting, crowds gathered in protest in Northern Nicosia, likely encouraged by the TMT, without incident. On the evening of the 22nd, gunfire broke out, communication lines to the Turkish neighbourhoods were cut, and the Greek Cypriot police occupied the nearby airport. On the 23rd, a ceasefire was negotiated, but did not hold. Fighting, including automatic weapons fire, between Greek and Turkish Cypriots and militias increased in Nicosia and Larnaca. A force of Greek Cypriot irregulars led by Nikos Sampson entered the Nicosia suburb of Omorphita and engaged in heavy firing on armed, as well as by some accounts unarmed, Turkish Cypriots. The Omorphita clash has been described by Turkish Cypriots as a massacre, while this view has generally not been acknowledged by Greek Cypriots.
Further ceasefires were arranged between the two sides, but also failed. By Christmas Eve, the 24th, Britain, Greece, and Turkey had joined talks, with all sides calling for a truce. On Christmas day, Turkish fighter jets overflew Nicosia in a show of support. Finally it was agreed to allow a force of 2,700 British soldiers to help enforce a ceasefire. In the next days, a "buffer zone" was created in Nicosia, and a British officer marked a line on a map with green ink, separating the two sides of the city, which was the beginning of the "Green Line". Fighting continued across the island for the next several weeks.
In total 364 Turkish Cypriots and 174 Greek Cypriots were killed during the violence. 25,000 Turkish Cypriots from 103-109 villages fled and were displaced into enclaves and thousands of Turkish Cypriot houses were ransacked or completely destroyed.
Contemporary newspapers also reported on the forceful exodus of the Turkish Cypriots from their homes. According to The Times in 1964, threats, shootings and attempts of arson were committed against the Turkish Cypriots to force them out of their homes. The Daily Express wrote that "25,000 Turks have already been forced to leave their homes". The Guardian reported a massacre of Turks at Limassol on 16 February 1964.
Turkey had by now readied its fleet and its fighter jets appeared over Nicosia. Turkey was dissuaded from direct involvement by the creation of a United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) in 1964. Despite the negotiated ceasefire in Nicosia, attacks on the Turkish Cypriot persisted, particularly in Limassol. Concerned about the possibility of a Turkish invasion, Makarios undertook the creation of a Greek Cypriot conscript-based army called the "National Guard". A general from Greece took charge of the army, whilst a further 20,000 well-equipped officers and men were smuggled from Greece into Cyprus. Turkey threatened to intervene once more, but was prevented by a strongly worded letter from the American President Lyndon B. Johnson, anxious to avoid a conflict between NATO allies Greece and Turkey at the height of the Cold War.
Turkish Cypriots had by now established an important bridgehead at Kokkina, provided with arms, volunteers and materials from Turkey and abroad. Seeing this incursion of foreign weapons and troops as a major threat, the Cypriot government invited George Grivas to return from Greece as commander of the Greek troops on the island and launch a major attack on the bridgehead. Turkey retaliated by dispatching its fighter jets to bomb Greek positions, causing Makarios to threaten an attack on every Turkish Cypriot village on the island if the bombings did not cease. The conflict had now drawn in Greece and Turkey, with both countries amassing troops on their Thracian borders. Efforts at mediation by Dean Acheson, a former U.S. Secretary of State, and UN-appointed mediator Galo Plaza had failed, all the while the division of the two communities becoming more apparent. Greek Cypriot forces were estimated at some 30,000, including the National Guard and the large contingent from Greece. Defending the Turkish Cypriot enclaves was a force of approximately 5,000 irregulars, led by a Turkish colonel, but lacking the equipment and organisation of the Greek forces.
The Secretary-General of the United Nations in 1964, U Thant, reported the damage during the conflicts:
UNFICYP carried out a detailed survey of all damage to properties throughout the island during the disturbances; it shows that in 109 villages, most of them Turkish-Cypriot or mixed villages, 527 houses have been destroyed while 2,000 others have suffered damage from looting.
The situation worsened in 1967, when a military junta overthrew the democratically elected government of Greece, and began applying pressure on Makarios to achieve enosis. Makarios, not wishing to become part of a military dictatorship or trigger a Turkish invasion, began to distance himself from the goal of enosis. This caused tensions with the junta in Greece as well as George Grivas in Cyprus. Grivas's control over the National Guard and Greek contingent was seen as a threat to Makarios's position, who now feared a possible coup.[citation needed] The National Guard and Cyprus Police began patrolling the Turkish Cypriot enclaves of Ayios Theodoros and Kophinou, and on November 15 engaged in heavy fighting with the Turkish Cypriots.
By the time of his withdrawal 26 Turkish Cypriots had been killed. Turkey replied with an ultimatum demanding that Grivas be removed from the island, that the troops smuggled from Greece in excess of the limits of the Treaty of Alliance be removed, and that the economic blockades on the Turkish Cypriot enclaves be lifted. Grivas was recalled by the Athens Junta and the 12,000 Greek troops were withdrawn. Makarios now attempted to consolidate his position by reducing the number of National Guard troops, and by creating a paramilitary force loyal to Cypriot independence. In 1968, acknowledging that enosis was now all but impossible, Makarios stated, "A solution by necessity must be sought within the limits of what is feasible which does not always coincide with the limits of what is desirable."
After 1967 tensions between the Greek and Turkish Cypriots subsided. Instead, the main source of tension on the island came from factions within the Greek Cypriot community. Although Makarios had effectively abandoned enosis in favour of an 'attainable solution', many others continued to believe that the only legitimate political aspiration for Greek Cypriots was union with Greece.
On his arrival, Grivas began by establishing a nationalist paramilitary group known as the National Organization of Cypriot Fighters (Ethniki Organosis Kyprion Agoniston B or EOKA-B), drawing comparisons with the EOKA struggle for enosis under the British colonial administration of the 1950s.
The military junta in Athens saw Makarios as an obstacle. Makarios's failure to disband the National Guard, whose officer class was dominated by mainland Greeks, had meant the junta had practical control over the Cypriot military establishment, leaving Makarios isolated and a vulnerable target.
During the first Turkish invasion, Turkish troops invaded Cyprus territory on 20 July 1974, invoking its rights under the Treaty of Guarantee. This expansion of Turkish-occupied zone violated International Law as well as the Charter of the United Nations. Turkish troops managed to capture 3% of the island which was accompanied by the burning of the Turkish Cypriot quarter, as well as the raping and killing of women and children. A temporary cease-fire followed which was mitigated by the UN Security Council. Subsequently, the Greek military Junta collapsed on July 23, 1974, and peace talks commenced in which a democratic government was installed. The Resolution 353 was broken after Turkey attacked a second time and managed to get a hold of 37% of Cyprus territory. The Island of Cyprus was appointed a Buffer Zone by the United Nations, which divided the island into two zones through the 'Green Line' and put an end to the Turkish invasion. Although Turkey announced that the occupied areas of Cyprus to be called the Federated Turkish State in 1975, it is not legitimised on a worldwide political scale. The United Nations called for the international recognition of independence for the Republic of Cyprus in the Security Council Resolution 367.
In the years after the Turkish invasion of northern Cyprus one can observe a history of failed talks between the two parties. The 1983 declaration of the independent Turkish Republic of Cyprus resulted in a rise of inter-communal tensions and made it increasingly hard to find mutual understanding. With Cyprus' interest of a possible EU membership and a new UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan in 1997 new hopes arose for a fresh start. International involvement from sides of the US and UK, wanting a solution to the Cyprus dispute prior to the EU accession led to political pressures for new talks. The believe that an accession without a solution would threaten Greek-Turkish relations and acknowledge the partition of the island would direct the coming negotiations.
Over the course of two years a concrete plan, the Annan plan was formulated. In 2004 the fifth version agreed upon from both sides and with the endorsement of Turkey, US, UK and EU then was presented to the public and was given a referendum in both Cypriot communities to assure the legitimisation of the resolution. The Turkish Cypriots voted with 65% for the plan, however the Greek Cypriots voted with a 76% majority against. The Annan plan contained multiple important topics. Firstly it established a confederation of two separate states called the United Cyprus Republic. Both communities would have autonomous states combined under one unified government. The members of parliament would be chosen according to the percentage in population numbers to ensure a just involvement from both communities. The paper proposed a demilitarisation of the island over the next years. Furthermore it agreed upon a number of 45000 Turkish settlers that could remain on the island. These settlers became a very important issue concerning peace talks. Originally the Turkish government encouraged Turks to settle in Cyprus providing transfer and property, to establish a counterpart to the Greek Cypriot population due to their 1 to 5 minority. With the economic situation many Turkish-Cypriot decided to leave the island, however their departure is made up by incoming Turkish settlers leaving the population ratio between Turkish Cypriots and Greek Cypriots stable. However all these points where criticised and as seen in the vote rejected mainly by the Greek Cypriots. These name the dissolution of the „Republic of Cyprus", economic consequences of a reunion and the remaining Turkish settlers as reason. Many claim that the plan was indeed drawing more from Turkish-Cypriot demands then Greek-Cypriot interests. Taking in consideration that the US wanted to keep Turkey as a strategic partner in future Middle Eastern conflicts.
A week after the failed referendum the Republic of Cyprus joined the EU. In multiple instances the EU tried to promote trade with Northern Cyprus but without internationally recognised ports this spiked a grand debate. Both side endure their intention of negotiations, however without the prospect of any new compromises or agreements the UN is unwilling to start the process again. Since 2004 negotiations took place in numbers but without any results, both sides are strongly holding on to their position without an agreeable solution in sight that would suit both parties.
Extending myself beyond glass, these pieces incorporate silversmithing techniques, practiced and perfected!
Well I think it was time to draw it. This diagram is not exactly what I would call a diagram... but I did it! :-) Sooner or later I will update my '50s graphic and certainly make lot of more steps and.... you know shadows, nuances... but since I'm not an origami professional this is my peak at the moment :-)))))
This module can be very useful for geometry education so please if you can, use it for this purpose.
I really hope you all will enjoy it, there are so many reasons to fight and scream and get angry everyday at work that origami has to be joy (at least for those not professional... for professionals it's job so I guess they can get angry and maybe design houses as an hobby ;-DDD)
I wish you a wonderful end of working week and a fabulous week-end :)
Extended advisory groups compete in the 2014 Island School World Cup. Congratulations Team Uruguay for taking home the cup!
El presidente Medina comparte con moradores de El Llano.
Foto: Luis Ruiz Tito/Presidencia República Dominicana
Nota de prensa:
presidencia.gob.do/noticias/estudiantes-de-la-jornada-ext...
Video YouTube:
Seven Lakes Drive is a north–south parkway located in the Hudson Valley region of New York in the United States. It extends for just under 18 miles (29 km) on a northeast–southwest alignment from an intersection with New York State Route 17 (NY 17) in the village of Sloatsburg to a junction with U.S. Route 9W (US 9W) and US 202 south of the Bear Mountain Bridge in the town of Stony Point. Most of the highway is located in either Harriman or Bear Mountain state parks, save for a small stretch near its western end. Ownership of Seven Lakes Drive is split between three entities, two of which are also responsible for maintenance of the road.
Sections of Seven Lakes Drive and several other roads in the park system (Tiorati Brook Road, Lake Welch Drive, and Perkins Memorial Drive), are closed for the winter from December through March.
As its name implies, Seven Lakes Drive passes by seven lakes located at various points along the road. From south to north, the lakes are Lake Sebago and Lake Kanawauke in the towns of Haverstraw and Tuxedo; Lake Skannatati and Lake Askoti in Tuxedo; Lake Tiorati in Tuxedo and Woodbury; Silver Mine Lake in Woodbury; and Queensboro Lake in Highlands.
The highway is not owned by a single entity; instead, the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT), the Palisades Interstate Park Commission (PIPC), and the village of Sloatsburg all own different parts of the road. In Sloatsburg, Seven Lakes Drive is locally owned and maintained for 0.44 miles (0.71 km) from Waldron Terrace to a connector leading to Johnsontown Road. The 0.33-mile (0.53 km) segment leading west from Waldron Terrace to NY 17 is state-owned and maintained as NY 981G while the remainder of the route is owned by PIPC and maintained by NYSDOT as the 17.15-mile (27.60 km) NY 987E. Both designations are reference routes and are unsigned.
Seven Lakes Drive begins at an intersection with NY 17 in the village of Sloatsburg. It heads northeast through the community, crossing over the Ramapo River and intersecting a handful of residential village streets before passing under the New York State Thruway (Interstate 87). The highway continues to run past homes on the opposite side of the Thruway overpass, where it intersects Johnsontown Road, a road that parallels Seven Lakes Drive for 1.5 miles (2.4 km) before terminating at a dead end adjacent to the parkway. Seven Lakes Drive meets a short, unnamed connector to Johnsontown Road just 0.25 miles (0.40 km) later, at which point the road begins to pass through undeveloped wooded areas on its way across Stony Brook and into Harriman State Park.
Seven Lakes Drive sign at the western entrance to Harriman State Park
Just east of the Stony Brook bridge, the Pine Meadow Trail begins on the southeast side of the highway. The road loosely parallels Stony Brook as it heads deeper into the park and serves the Reeves Meadow Visitor Center. The center is also a trailhead for the Reeves Brook Trail, with the Pine Meadow Trail passing the facility on its southeast side. Past the visitor center, the parallel alignments of Seven Lakes Drive and Johnsontown Road come to an end as the latter ends at a cul-de-sac adjacent to the former. The dead end serves as the trailhead for two hiking trails: the Blue Disc Trail, which starts just before the cul-de-sac; and the White Bar Trail, which begins at the cul-de-sac's northern end. Not far from this point, the Kakiat Trail crosses Seven Lakes Drive on its way toward Kakiat County Park.
The parkway continues to follow Lake Kanawauke to Kanawauke Circle, where it intersects with County Route 106 (CR 106), formerly part of NY 210. Not far from the junction, Seven Lakes Drive passes two more lakes, Lake Skannatati to the west and Lake Askoti to the east, as it slowly curves to the north. The highway crosses the Long Path near Lake Skannatati and connects to a parking area near Lake Askoti. Another trail, the Red Cross Trail, traverses Seven Lakes Drive at the northern end of Lake Askoti. About a half-mile (0.8 km) north of Lake Askoti is Lake Tiorati, located along the eastern edge of the road. As the highway runs past the lake, it turns back to the northeast and eventually reaches Tiorati Circle at the northern tip of the lake. The junction serves as the east end of Arden Valley Road, the west end of Tiorati Brook Road, and the trailhead of the Lake Tiorati Trail.
Seven Lakes Drive continues northeast from the circle, intersecting with several trails, including the Ramapo–Dunderberg Trail and the Appalachian Trail. A crossing of the Menomine Trail follows as the parkway turns to the east. The Menomine Trail follows Seven Lakes Drive for a short distance to nearby Silver Mine Lake on the south edge of the road. The Silver Mine Ski Road, a trail paralleling most of the lake, meets the parkway at the eastern lakeshore. From here, the road parallels Queensboro Brook for roughly 1 mile (1.6 km) to reach the Long Mountain Roundabout adjacent to Queensboro Lake, the last of the seven lakes from south to north. Here, Seven Lakes Drive directly intersects US 6 and indirectly connects to the nearby Palisades Interstate Parkway (PIP) by way of ramps leading away from the circle. Seven Lakes Drive follows US 6 through the circle, joining the route as both roads merge onto the PIP
The overlap with both US 6 and the PIP lasts for just 0.2 miles (0.32 km) as Seven Lakes Drive leaves the PIP at the next junction, a trumpet interchange southwest of Bear Mountain. Seven Lakes Drive heads eastward from the interchange, running along the southern base of the large mountain as it intersects with several trails and passes seamlessly into the adjacent Bear Mountain State Park. Just east of the park boundary, the highway crosses the county line once again, re-entering Rockland County near its northernmost point. At the southeastern edge of Bear Mountain, Seven Lakes Drive begins to descend a series of switchbacks as it enters the Hudson River valley. The road gradually makes its way to the western edge of the river, where it ends at an intersection with US 9W and US 202 due east of Bear Mountain's and just south of the Bear Mountain Bridge.
Continuing on, Seven Lakes Drive begins to parallel the White Bar Trail as both head to the northeast through the rugged, forested terrain of the park. Eventually, the White Bar Trail splits from the parkway and proceeds to the north while Seven Lakes Drive remains on a generally northeasterly track. Stony Brook reaches its source at Lake Sebago, the first of the seven lakes the road passes, where the Tuxedo–Mount Ivy Trail briefly follows the parkway before turning off to the east. The highway runs along the southeastern shore of Lake Sebago for just over 1 mile (1.6 km), passing a lakeside parking area and a ski trail. Past the lake, Seven Lakes Drive makes a slight turn to the north before intersecting with the Lake Welch Parkway by way of an elongated traffic circle. The road reverts to a northeasterly routing past the junction, briefly paralleling the Rockland–Orange county line as it runs past Lake Kanawauke's southeastern edge. Seven Lakes Drive crosses the county line near the lake's midpoint.
from Wikipedia
Say that 5 times fast. Spend too much time on the Embarcadero and you too might decide it's a good idea to go jogging in a button down dress shirt and sweat pants.
Shrimp farmers, quite excited to see two farang (westerners) riding bicycles to their farm - first time ever, I'm sure. Thanks to Google Maps.
This is a photograph from the East of Ireland Marathon Series Marathon which was held in Longwood Village, Co. Meath, Ireland on Saturday 25th January 2014 at 09:00. There were 75 participants in the marathon which completed 8 loops of a 5KM route (and a additional 2KM) with Longwood GAA club acting as Race Headquarters, Start, Finish, and refreshments area. The weather turned particularly nasty for about an hour and the participants were lashed with gale-force winds, severe hailstones, and then rain. However this didn't stop everyone enjoying the day. Thanks to the folks at Longwood GAA who provided excellent hospitality and facilities for all participants. There was a great atmosphere at the race and everyone enjoyed another trip to the countryside for an EOIM.
Despite the weather there were a few PBs and fast inidividual times. The course is a nice fast flat 5KM loop. It is used every year as the Longwood GAA 5KM Road Race (see links below). The marathon loop followed the reverse of the race route for safety reasons as the roads were fully opened for the EOIM event. There is a total elevation gain of 20ft and an elevation loss of 23ft. The sources of elevation gain are only very small rises on the road and aren't really noticeable. Part of the route includes a kilometer on a boreen which is nicely sheltered and with good road surface. The road surface is excellent for the entire route. There were some puddles and mud on the boreen section of the route due to agricultural traffic.
Thanks must be extended to the Longwood GAA club and committee for the use of their fine facilities which allowed participants to have some refreshments afterwards and hot showers and changing rooms were also available.
This is the second East of Ireland Marathon Series race which has been held outside Dublin. The previous race which was held outside Dublin was held in Stapelstown, Co. Kildare in September 2013. (See links to pictures on Flickr from that race). Whilst Longwood is a rural venue it is easily accessible from all parts of Ireland due to it's close proximity to the N4 and the M4 Motorways.
We have an extensive set of photographs from today's event on the following Flickr Photoset Page: http://www.flickr.com/photos/peterm7/sets/72157640099311556/
Tell me more about the East of Ireland Marathon Series
This race event was part of the East of Ireland Marathon Series. The East Of Ireland Marathon Series aims to make marathons affordable and convienient for the runners of Ireland. The series organisers aim to promote marathon running and to make the process as stress free and enjoyable as possible. All courses are measured to full AAI standards and have a minimum of 10 Entrants. The marathons are self sufficent to a degree although there are limited supplies of water available on the day of the race. There will be no extra frills like chip timing and finish gantrys. However all finishing times are accurately and officially recorded and each marathon counts as an official marathon. Overall, this approach to marathon organisation helps to keep the price down and allows these races to be run in as an economically affordable manner as possible. The East of Ireland Marathon series is all inclusive and welcomes runners who are new to marathon running as well as experienced veterans. So if you are thinking of your 1st marathon, your 10th marathon, or your 100th the East of Ireland Marathon Series will provide a very friendly and low-cost environment for to become part of Ireland's marathon running community.
Viewing this on a smartphone device?
If you would like to see a larger version of this photograph and if you are viewing this Flickr set on a smartphone: scroll down to the bottom of this description under the photograph and click the "View info about this photo..." link. You will be brought to a new page and you should click the link "View All Sizes".
Some useful Internet links
East of Ireland Marathons Facebook Group Page: www.facebook.com/groups/130592073780072/ (you will need a Facebook account to view this)
East of Ireland Marathons Website: www.eastofirelandmarathons.com/
Race Website with Route Description: www.peterm7.com/longwood/
Garmin GPS Trace of the Marathon Route (main loop) connect.garmin.com/activity/401171615
East of Ireland Marathon Series - Stapelstown, Co. Kildare - September 2013: www.flickr.com/photos/peterm7/sets/72157635665725976/
We use Creative Commons Licensing
We use the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License for all our photographs here in this photograph set. What does this mean in reality?
The explaination is very simple.
Attribution- anyone using our photographs gives us an appropriate credit for it. This ensures that people aren't taking our photographs and passing them off as their own.
ShareAlike – anyone can use these photographs, and make changes if they like, or incorporate them into a bigger project, but they must make those changes available back to the community under the same terms.
Creative Commons aims to encourage creative sharing. See some examples of Creative Commons photographs on Flickr: www.flickr.com/creativecommons/
Can I use these photographs directly from Flickr on my social media account(s)?
Yes - of course you can! Flickr provides several ways to share this and other photographs in this Flickr set. You can share to: email, Facebook, Pinterest, Twitter, Tumblr, LiveJournal, and Wordpress and Blogger blog sites. Your mobile, tablet, or desktop device will also offer you several different options for sharing this photo page on your social media outlets.
We take these photographs as a hobby and as a contribution to the running community in Ireland. Our only "cost" is our request that if you are using these images: (1) on social media sites such as Facebook, Tumblr, Pinterest, Twitter,LinkedIn, Google+, etc or (2) other websites, blogs, web multimedia, commercial/promotional material that you must provide a link back to our Flickr page to attribute us.
This also extends the use of these images for Facebook profile pictures. In these cases please make a separate wall or blog post with a link to our Flickr page. If you do not know how this should be done for Facebook or other social media please email us and we will be happy to help suggest how to link to us.
How can I get full resolution, print-quality, copies of these photographs?
If you just need these photographs for online usage then they can be used directly once you respect their Creative Commons license and provide a link back to our Flickr set if you use them. For offline usage and printing all of the photographs posted here on this Flickr set are available free, at no cost, at full image resolution.
Please email petermooney78 AT gmail DOT com with the links to the photographs you would like to obtain a full resolution copy of. We also ask race organisers, media, etc to ask for permission before use of our images for flyers, posters, etc. We reserve the right to refuse a request.
In summary please remember when requesting photographs from us - If you are using the photographs online all we ask is for you to provide a link back to our Flickr set or Flickr pages. You will find the link above clearly outlined in the description text which accompanies this photograph. Taking these photographs and preparing them for online posting does take a significant effort and time. We are not posting photographs to Flickr for commercial reasons. If you really like what we do please spread the link around your social media, send us an email, leave a comment beside the photographs, send us a Flickr email, etc. If you are using the photographs in newspapers or magazines we ask that you mention where the original photograph came from.
I would like to contribute something for your photograph(s)?
Many people offer payment for our photographs. As stated above we do not charge for these photographs. We take these photographs as our contribution to the running community in Ireland. If you feel that the photograph(s) you request are good enough that you would consider paying for their purchase from other photographic providers or in other circumstances we would suggest that you can provide a donation to any of the great charities in Ireland who do work for Cancer Care or Cancer Research in Ireland.
I ran in the race - but my photograph doesn't appear here in your Flickr set! What gives?
As mentioned above we take these photographs as a hobby and as a voluntary contribution to the running community in Ireland. Very often we have actually ran in the same race and then switched to photographer mode after we finished the race. Consequently, we feel that we have no obligations to capture a photograph of every participant in the race. However, we do try our very best to capture as many participants as possible. But this is sometimes not possible for a variety of reasons:
►You were hidden behind another participant as you passed our camera
►Weather or lighting conditions meant that we had some photographs with blurry content which we did not upload to our Flickr set
►There were too many people - some races attract thousands of participants and as amateur photographs we cannot hope to capture photographs of everyone
►We simply missed you - sorry about that - we did our best!
You can email us petermooney78 AT gmail DOT com to enquire if we have a photograph of you which didn't make the final Flickr selection for the race. But we cannot promise that there will be photograph there. As alternatives we advise you to contact the race organisers to enquire if there were (1) other photographs taking photographs at the race event or if (2) there were professional commercial sports photographers taking photographs which might have some photographs of you available for purchase. You might find some links for further information above.
Don't like your photograph here?
That's OK! We understand!
If, for any reason, you are not happy or comfortable with your picture appearing here in this photoset on Flickr then please email us at petermooney78 AT gmail DOT com and we will remove it as soon as possible. We give careful consideration to each photograph before uploading.
I want to tell people about these great photographs!
Great! Thank you! The best link to spread the word around is probably http://www.flickr.com/peterm7/sets
This is a photograph from the East of Ireland Marathon Series Marathon which was held in Longwood Village, Co. Meath, Ireland on Saturday 25th January 2014 at 09:00. There were 75 participants in the marathon which completed 8 loops of a 5KM route (and a additional 2KM) with Longwood GAA club acting as Race Headquarters, Start, Finish, and refreshments area. The weather turned particularly nasty for about an hour and the participants were lashed with gale-force winds, severe hailstones, and then rain. However this didn't stop everyone enjoying the day. Thanks to the folks at Longwood GAA who provided excellent hospitality and facilities for all participants. There was a great atmosphere at the race and everyone enjoyed another trip to the countryside for an EOIM.
Despite the weather there were a few PBs and fast inidividual times. The course is a nice fast flat 5KM loop. It is used every year as the Longwood GAA 5KM Road Race (see links below). The marathon loop followed the reverse of the race route for safety reasons as the roads were fully opened for the EOIM event. There is a total elevation gain of 20ft and an elevation loss of 23ft. The sources of elevation gain are only very small rises on the road and aren't really noticeable. Part of the route includes a kilometer on a boreen which is nicely sheltered and with good road surface. The road surface is excellent for the entire route. There were some puddles and mud on the boreen section of the route due to agricultural traffic.
Thanks must be extended to the Longwood GAA club and committee for the use of their fine facilities which allowed participants to have some refreshments afterwards and hot showers and changing rooms were also available.
This is the second East of Ireland Marathon Series race which has been held outside Dublin. The previous race which was held outside Dublin was held in Stapelstown, Co. Kildare in September 2013. (See links to pictures on Flickr from that race). Whilst Longwood is a rural venue it is easily accessible from all parts of Ireland due to it's close proximity to the N4 and the M4 Motorways.
We have an extensive set of photographs from today's event on the following Flickr Photoset Page: http://www.flickr.com/photos/peterm7/sets/72157640099311556/
Tell me more about the East of Ireland Marathon Series
This race event was part of the East of Ireland Marathon Series. The East Of Ireland Marathon Series aims to make marathons affordable and convienient for the runners of Ireland. The series organisers aim to promote marathon running and to make the process as stress free and enjoyable as possible. All courses are measured to full AAI standards and have a minimum of 10 Entrants. The marathons are self sufficent to a degree although there are limited supplies of water available on the day of the race. There will be no extra frills like chip timing and finish gantrys. However all finishing times are accurately and officially recorded and each marathon counts as an official marathon. Overall, this approach to marathon organisation helps to keep the price down and allows these races to be run in as an economically affordable manner as possible. The East of Ireland Marathon series is all inclusive and welcomes runners who are new to marathon running as well as experienced veterans. So if you are thinking of your 1st marathon, your 10th marathon, or your 100th the East of Ireland Marathon Series will provide a very friendly and low-cost environment for to become part of Ireland's marathon running community.
Viewing this on a smartphone device?
If you would like to see a larger version of this photograph and if you are viewing this Flickr set on a smartphone: scroll down to the bottom of this description under the photograph and click the "View info about this photo..." link. You will be brought to a new page and you should click the link "View All Sizes".
Some useful Internet links
East of Ireland Marathons Facebook Group Page: www.facebook.com/groups/130592073780072/ (you will need a Facebook account to view this)
East of Ireland Marathons Website: www.eastofirelandmarathons.com/
Race Website with Route Description: www.peterm7.com/longwood/
Garmin GPS Trace of the Marathon Route (main loop) connect.garmin.com/activity/401171615
East of Ireland Marathon Series - Stapelstown, Co. Kildare - September 2013: www.flickr.com/photos/peterm7/sets/72157635665725976/
We use Creative Commons Licensing
We use the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License for all our photographs here in this photograph set. What does this mean in reality?
The explaination is very simple.
Attribution- anyone using our photographs gives us an appropriate credit for it. This ensures that people aren't taking our photographs and passing them off as their own.
ShareAlike – anyone can use these photographs, and make changes if they like, or incorporate them into a bigger project, but they must make those changes available back to the community under the same terms.
Creative Commons aims to encourage creative sharing. See some examples of Creative Commons photographs on Flickr: www.flickr.com/creativecommons/
Can I use these photographs directly from Flickr on my social media account(s)?
Yes - of course you can! Flickr provides several ways to share this and other photographs in this Flickr set. You can share to: email, Facebook, Pinterest, Twitter, Tumblr, LiveJournal, and Wordpress and Blogger blog sites. Your mobile, tablet, or desktop device will also offer you several different options for sharing this photo page on your social media outlets.
We take these photographs as a hobby and as a contribution to the running community in Ireland. Our only "cost" is our request that if you are using these images: (1) on social media sites such as Facebook, Tumblr, Pinterest, Twitter,LinkedIn, Google+, etc or (2) other websites, blogs, web multimedia, commercial/promotional material that you must provide a link back to our Flickr page to attribute us.
This also extends the use of these images for Facebook profile pictures. In these cases please make a separate wall or blog post with a link to our Flickr page. If you do not know how this should be done for Facebook or other social media please email us and we will be happy to help suggest how to link to us.
How can I get full resolution, print-quality, copies of these photographs?
If you just need these photographs for online usage then they can be used directly once you respect their Creative Commons license and provide a link back to our Flickr set if you use them. For offline usage and printing all of the photographs posted here on this Flickr set are available free, at no cost, at full image resolution.
Please email petermooney78 AT gmail DOT com with the links to the photographs you would like to obtain a full resolution copy of. We also ask race organisers, media, etc to ask for permission before use of our images for flyers, posters, etc. We reserve the right to refuse a request.
In summary please remember when requesting photographs from us - If you are using the photographs online all we ask is for you to provide a link back to our Flickr set or Flickr pages. You will find the link above clearly outlined in the description text which accompanies this photograph. Taking these photographs and preparing them for online posting does take a significant effort and time. We are not posting photographs to Flickr for commercial reasons. If you really like what we do please spread the link around your social media, send us an email, leave a comment beside the photographs, send us a Flickr email, etc. If you are using the photographs in newspapers or magazines we ask that you mention where the original photograph came from.
I would like to contribute something for your photograph(s)?
Many people offer payment for our photographs. As stated above we do not charge for these photographs. We take these photographs as our contribution to the running community in Ireland. If you feel that the photograph(s) you request are good enough that you would consider paying for their purchase from other photographic providers or in other circumstances we would suggest that you can provide a donation to any of the great charities in Ireland who do work for Cancer Care or Cancer Research in Ireland.
I ran in the race - but my photograph doesn't appear here in your Flickr set! What gives?
As mentioned above we take these photographs as a hobby and as a voluntary contribution to the running community in Ireland. Very often we have actually ran in the same race and then switched to photographer mode after we finished the race. Consequently, we feel that we have no obligations to capture a photograph of every participant in the race. However, we do try our very best to capture as many participants as possible. But this is sometimes not possible for a variety of reasons:
►You were hidden behind another participant as you passed our camera
►Weather or lighting conditions meant that we had some photographs with blurry content which we did not upload to our Flickr set
►There were too many people - some races attract thousands of participants and as amateur photographs we cannot hope to capture photographs of everyone
►We simply missed you - sorry about that - we did our best!
You can email us petermooney78 AT gmail DOT com to enquire if we have a photograph of you which didn't make the final Flickr selection for the race. But we cannot promise that there will be photograph there. As alternatives we advise you to contact the race organisers to enquire if there were (1) other photographs taking photographs at the race event or if (2) there were professional commercial sports photographers taking photographs which might have some photographs of you available for purchase. You might find some links for further information above.
Don't like your photograph here?
That's OK! We understand!
If, for any reason, you are not happy or comfortable with your picture appearing here in this photoset on Flickr then please email us at petermooney78 AT gmail DOT com and we will remove it as soon as possible. We give careful consideration to each photograph before uploading.
I want to tell people about these great photographs!
Great! Thank you! The best link to spread the word around is probably http://www.flickr.com/peterm7/sets
September 23,1953
It is with pleasure that I extend my congratulations to the Lawrence Experiment Station for the outstanding work that this research station has done since its inception in 1886. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts is endeavoring to provide a favorable atmosphere for the development of industry with its attendant new job possibilities, and it is interesting to note that when the Experiment Station was established almost 70 years ago, Chapter 274 of the Laws of 1886 provided that the department should from time to time consult with and advise the authorities of cities and towns or with corporations, firms or individuals as to the most appropriate source of water supply and the best practicable method of disposing of sewage and industrial wastes considering the present and future needs of other municipalities, corporations, firms or individuals which might have been affected. It was further provided that no person should be compelled to pay the expense of such consultation, advice or experimentation. The Lawrence Experiment Station became a tool for carrying on basic research for the benefit of the municipalities, industries and others in the Commonwealth.
With the opening of the new building to house the Lawrence Experiment Station, better facilities will be provided to broaden the research program in industrial waste problems, thus permitting the maximum use of one of our most important resources: water.
The Commonwealth has recently established a Department of Commerce which is interested in maintaining present industries, increasing industrial development, and also in expanding job opportunities, and I feel sure that the new facilities of the Experiment Station will be of assistance in any development program that may be undertaken.
I am sure the people of the Commonwealth join with me in wishing continued success to the staff of the new Lawrence Experiment Station so that we may solve the many environmental sanitation problems facing us today.
CHRISTIAN A. HERTER
GOVERNOR OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RESEARCH Pays Health Dividends
Seventy years ago the urgency of a public health sanitation program was demonstrated by the new knowledge being brought forward to confirm repeatedly the "germ theory of disease."
It became rapidly apparent that sanitation must be placed upon a scientific basis. Many procedures were being followed whose usefulness had never been evaluated.
It was at this point that the Massachusetts State Board of Health established the Lawrence Experiment Station. High hopes were held that valuable ways of preventing the spread of communicable diseases through sanitation could be devised.
That these hopes were fulfilled has been annually demonstrated by the continuous string of visitors from all parts of the nation and the world who have come to see for themselves the place where so many methods have been devised and tested out. Many have returned home to establish similar institutions to solve the problems of their own particular area.
Massachusetts was the first to profit by the discoveries of the Lawrence Experiment Station. The principles and practices worked out there were applied in the sanitation program of the state and those diseases controllable by this means fell with great rapidity. Few understand the debt which Massachusetts citizens owe to this institution.
Now with the new and more modern physical facilities it is anticipated that the Experiment Station will continue to be a leader in the field of research for improving our environment with resultant improvement in health and well being.
Dr. Samuel B. Kirkwood, Commissioner
October 6,1953
Apple Extended Keyboards II are famous for their Alps keyswitches, but what many may not know is that not all Nimitzes have Alps keyswitches. Some have keyswitches by a company called Mitsumi, and this (according to this post on a forum) is one of those, as its serial number starts with M.
Here, you're looking down the keyboard, at the function keys (foreground) and extended navigation block (background). Two of the lights are visible as well.
One interesting thing you can see from this angle is that the keyswitches under the function keys, escape key, and power key are perpendicular to those under all the other keys. I don't know why.
Low End Mac has disassembly instructions.
Edit: I was re-listening to episode 20 (the keyboard episode) of “The Talk Show” with John Gruber and Dan Benjamin the other day, and according to a guy Dan Benjamin talked to, the “other” keyswitches are orange, while Alps keyswitches are white or black. I don't know whom to believe.
I bought a piece of (for me) nostalgia the other day - a pencil extender. Judging from the comments on Twitter when I mentioned it had arrived in the post, most of my friends have never used or seen one.
For me I remember using these when I was a child - the name suggests what it does: attach it to a short pencil, and the length of the pencil is extended. You can therefore prolong the pencil's use, and improve the holdability (is there such a word?) of the stubby pencil.
Another picture, if you're interested.
Seven Lakes Drive is a north–south parkway located in the Hudson Valley region of New York in the United States. It extends for just under 18 miles (29 km) on a northeast–southwest alignment from an intersection with New York State Route 17 (NY 17) in the village of Sloatsburg to a junction with U.S. Route 9W (US 9W) and US 202 south of the Bear Mountain Bridge in the town of Stony Point. Most of the highway is located in either Harriman or Bear Mountain state parks, save for a small stretch near its western end. Ownership of Seven Lakes Drive is split between three entities, two of which are also responsible for maintenance of the road.
Sections of Seven Lakes Drive and several other roads in the park system (Tiorati Brook Road, Lake Welch Drive, and Perkins Memorial Drive), are closed for the winter from December through March.
As its name implies, Seven Lakes Drive passes by seven lakes located at various points along the road. From south to north, the lakes are Lake Sebago and Lake Kanawauke in the towns of Haverstraw and Tuxedo; Lake Skannatati and Lake Askoti in Tuxedo; Lake Tiorati in Tuxedo and Woodbury; Silver Mine Lake in Woodbury; and Queensboro Lake in Highlands.
The highway is not owned by a single entity; instead, the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT), the Palisades Interstate Park Commission (PIPC), and the village of Sloatsburg all own different parts of the road. In Sloatsburg, Seven Lakes Drive is locally owned and maintained for 0.44 miles (0.71 km) from Waldron Terrace to a connector leading to Johnsontown Road. The 0.33-mile (0.53 km) segment leading west from Waldron Terrace to NY 17 is state-owned and maintained as NY 981G while the remainder of the route is owned by PIPC and maintained by NYSDOT as the 17.15-mile (27.60 km) NY 987E. Both designations are reference routes and are unsigned.
Seven Lakes Drive begins at an intersection with NY 17 in the village of Sloatsburg. It heads northeast through the community, crossing over the Ramapo River and intersecting a handful of residential village streets before passing under the New York State Thruway (Interstate 87). The highway continues to run past homes on the opposite side of the Thruway overpass, where it intersects Johnsontown Road, a road that parallels Seven Lakes Drive for 1.5 miles (2.4 km) before terminating at a dead end adjacent to the parkway. Seven Lakes Drive meets a short, unnamed connector to Johnsontown Road just 0.25 miles (0.40 km) later, at which point the road begins to pass through undeveloped wooded areas on its way across Stony Brook and into Harriman State Park.
Seven Lakes Drive sign at the western entrance to Harriman State Park
Just east of the Stony Brook bridge, the Pine Meadow Trail begins on the southeast side of the highway. The road loosely parallels Stony Brook as it heads deeper into the park and serves the Reeves Meadow Visitor Center. The center is also a trailhead for the Reeves Brook Trail, with the Pine Meadow Trail passing the facility on its southeast side. Past the visitor center, the parallel alignments of Seven Lakes Drive and Johnsontown Road come to an end as the latter ends at a cul-de-sac adjacent to the former. The dead end serves as the trailhead for two hiking trails: the Blue Disc Trail, which starts just before the cul-de-sac; and the White Bar Trail, which begins at the cul-de-sac's northern end. Not far from this point, the Kakiat Trail crosses Seven Lakes Drive on its way toward Kakiat County Park.
The parkway continues to follow Lake Kanawauke to Kanawauke Circle, where it intersects with County Route 106 (CR 106), formerly part of NY 210. Not far from the junction, Seven Lakes Drive passes two more lakes, Lake Skannatati to the west and Lake Askoti to the east, as it slowly curves to the north. The highway crosses the Long Path near Lake Skannatati and connects to a parking area near Lake Askoti. Another trail, the Red Cross Trail, traverses Seven Lakes Drive at the northern end of Lake Askoti. About a half-mile (0.8 km) north of Lake Askoti is Lake Tiorati, located along the eastern edge of the road. As the highway runs past the lake, it turns back to the northeast and eventually reaches Tiorati Circle at the northern tip of the lake. The junction serves as the east end of Arden Valley Road, the west end of Tiorati Brook Road, and the trailhead of the Lake Tiorati Trail.
Seven Lakes Drive continues northeast from the circle, intersecting with several trails, including the Ramapo–Dunderberg Trail and the Appalachian Trail. A crossing of the Menomine Trail follows as the parkway turns to the east. The Menomine Trail follows Seven Lakes Drive for a short distance to nearby Silver Mine Lake on the south edge of the road. The Silver Mine Ski Road, a trail paralleling most of the lake, meets the parkway at the eastern lakeshore. From here, the road parallels Queensboro Brook for roughly 1 mile (1.6 km) to reach the Long Mountain Roundabout adjacent to Queensboro Lake, the last of the seven lakes from south to north. Here, Seven Lakes Drive directly intersects US 6 and indirectly connects to the nearby Palisades Interstate Parkway (PIP) by way of ramps leading away from the circle. Seven Lakes Drive follows US 6 through the circle, joining the route as both roads merge onto the PIP
The overlap with both US 6 and the PIP lasts for just 0.2 miles (0.32 km) as Seven Lakes Drive leaves the PIP at the next junction, a trumpet interchange southwest of Bear Mountain. Seven Lakes Drive heads eastward from the interchange, running along the southern base of the large mountain as it intersects with several trails and passes seamlessly into the adjacent Bear Mountain State Park. Just east of the park boundary, the highway crosses the county line once again, re-entering Rockland County near its northernmost point. At the southeastern edge of Bear Mountain, Seven Lakes Drive begins to descend a series of switchbacks as it enters the Hudson River valley. The road gradually makes its way to the western edge of the river, where it ends at an intersection with US 9W and US 202 due east of Bear Mountain's and just south of the Bear Mountain Bridge.
Continuing on, Seven Lakes Drive begins to parallel the White Bar Trail as both head to the northeast through the rugged, forested terrain of the park. Eventually, the White Bar Trail splits from the parkway and proceeds to the north while Seven Lakes Drive remains on a generally northeasterly track. Stony Brook reaches its source at Lake Sebago, the first of the seven lakes the road passes, where the Tuxedo–Mount Ivy Trail briefly follows the parkway before turning off to the east. The highway runs along the southeastern shore of Lake Sebago for just over 1 mile (1.6 km), passing a lakeside parking area and a ski trail. Past the lake, Seven Lakes Drive makes a slight turn to the north before intersecting with the Lake Welch Parkway by way of an elongated traffic circle. The road reverts to a northeasterly routing past the junction, briefly paralleling the Rockland–Orange county line as it runs past Lake Kanawauke's southeastern edge. Seven Lakes Drive crosses the county line near the lake's midpoint.
from Wikipedia
The bridge wing accurately extends out pass the hull of the ship. Used to check the sides when docking or maneuvering in narrow waterways.
Orange lifeboats for visibility. But only 2??
My review: botsndolls.blogspot.com/2011/11/review-lego-10152-10155-m...
Renishaw Hall, Derbyshire.
Grade l listed.
South or Garden Front.
Detail: Showing one of the two lakes created in 1892 by Sir George Sitwell (1860-1943).
Asymmetrical, with eleven bays to the main ranges, and a five bay centre incorporating the remnants of the C17 gabled house.
The house was originally built in 1625 by George Sitwell (1601â1667), The Sitwell fortune was made as colliery owners and ironmasters from the 17th to the 20th centuries. Substantial alterations and the addition of the west and east ranges were made to the building for Sir Sitwell Sitwell, 1st Baronet (1769-1811) by Joseph Badger of Sheffield between 1793 and 1808.
The formal garden was laid out from 1879 by Sir George Sitwell (1860-1943).
The-principal flight of steps lies on the central axis to the garden, with the steps linking the first and second levels, and becoming wider as they descend. The piers support full size statues of Neptune and Diana, each with accompanying dog.
The steps, walls & statues are Grade ll listed.
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Renishaw Hall
Renishaw Hall is a country house in Renishaw in the parish of Eckington in Derbyshire, England. It is a Grade I listed building and has been the home of the Sitwell family for over 350 years. The hall is located south-east of Sheffield, and north of Renishaw village, which is north-east of Chesterfield.
History
The house was built in 1625 by George Sitwell (1601–67) who, in 1653, was High Sheriff of Derbyshire. The Sitwell fortune was made as colliery owners and ironmasters from the 17th to the 20th centuries.
Substantial alterations and the addition of the west and east ranges were made to the building for Sir Sitwell Sitwell by Joseph Badger of Sheffield between 1793 and 1808 and further alterations were made in 1908 by Sir Edwin Lutyens. Renishaw had two owners between 1862 (when Sir George Sitwell succeeded in his infancy) and 1965, when Sir Osbert Sitwell gave the house to his nephew, Sir Reresby Sitwell, 7th Baronet. He was the eldest son of Sir Sacheverell Sitwell brother of Edith and Osbert and owned the hall from 1965 until 2009 when he bequeathed it to his daughter, Alexandra Hayward. The house and estate are separated from the Renishaw baronetcy for the first time in the family's history. Sir George Sitwell lives at Weston Hall.
Architecture
The house was built in stages and has an irregular plan. It is constructed in ashlar and coursed rubble coal measures sandstone with crenellated parapets with pinnacles. It has pitched slate roofs.
Gardens
The gardens, including an Italianate garden laid out by Sir George Sitwell (1860–1943), are open to the public. The hall is open for groups by private arrangement. The park is listed in the Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England as Grade II*.
The 1980 BBC adaptation of Pride and Prejudice used footage shot at Renishaw Hall. D. H. Lawrence is said to have used the local village of Eckington and Renishaw Hall as inspiration for his novel Lady Chatterley's Lover.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renishaw_Hall
historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1054857
historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1000683
www.gardenvisit.com/gardens/renishaw_hall_garden
www.visitchesterfield.info/things-to-do/renishaw-hall-and...
www.kevinwgelder.com/renishaw-hall/
www.thegardeningwebsite.co.uk/renishaw-hall-and-gardens-c...
www.rhs.org.uk/gardens/GardenDetails/RENISHAW-HALL
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Renishaw Hall
Heritage Category: Park and Garden
Grade: II*
List Entry Number: 1000683
Location
The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.
County: Derbyshire
District: North East Derbyshire (District Authority)
Parish: Eckington
National Grid Reference: SK4345978378
Details
Gardens and a park of the late C19 and early C20 with C17 origins which were laid out by Sir George Sitwell.
HISTORIC DEVELOPMENT
The Sitwell family appear in records of 1301 when they were resident at Ridgeway, c 2km from Renishaw. The family settled in Stavely Netherthorpe in the earlier C16 and the site at Renishaw was acquired by Robert Sytwell in the mid C16 when he bought fields and common land. By 1600 it had become the family seat. The family acquired wealth through their ironworks which by the end of the C17 were the largest producers of iron nails in the world. The estate passed through marriage to the Hurt family who changed their name to Sitwell in 1777. Sir George Sitwell (1860-1943), fourth baronet, was responsible for the layout of the formal gardens and wrote On the Making of Gardens in 1909. The estate has remained in the Sitwell family since that time and is in private ownership (1998).
DESCRIPTION
LOCATION, AREA, BOUNDARIES, LANDFORM, SETTING
Renishaw Hall lies to the west of the village of Renishaw from which it is divided by a railway line. The village of Eckington lies to the north-west, there are open fields to the north-east and west, and an opencast mine to the south. To the north and west the boundary is formed by Staveley Lane, the B6053, and to the east by the A616. Fencing divides the south side of the park from an opencast mine. The c 100ha site is on land which falls to the east.
ENTRANCES AND APPROACHES
The main entrance is on the north-east side of the site where gates lead to a drive running south-west from the A616. Some 100m south-west of the entrance there is an early C19 lodge and entrance archway (listed grade II) which was designed by Sir Sitwell Sitwell and moved to this position in the mid C19. The drive turns north-west up a hill and continues westwards to the Hall and stables. An entrance with gates on the north side of the site runs south from the B6053. On the south-west side of the site there is an entrance from Staveley Lane from which a track leads north through Chesterfield Approach Plantation. The track continues north-east from the edge of the Plantation and from this point trees alongside it are the remains of an avenue shown on the large-scale OS map of 1875 which was probably part of a system of avenues shown on an C18 estate map.
PRINCIPAL BUILDING
Renishaw Hall (listed grade I) was built in c 1625 by George Sitwell as an H-plan house. The building was altered and extended 1793-1808 by Joseph Badger for Sitwell Sitwell, first baronet. Edwin Lutyens (1866-1944) was responsible for interior alterations in 1909. The Hall is in use as a private residence (1998).
Stables (listed grade II*) by Badger are ranged around a courtyard c 100m north-west of the Hall.
GARDENS AND PLEASURE GROUNDS
On the north side of the Hall there are lawns in an area shown on the C18 estate map as an enclosure. There are views north over parkland and agricultural land beyond. Formal gardens lie on the south side of the Hall axially aligned with its south front. They consist of rectangular compartments divided from one another by clipped hedges which are terraced down to the south in three stages, as well as occupying different levels as the land falls to the east. A terrace running along the front of the Hall overlooks a square lawn lined with topiary on the east and west sides which divides it from two smaller lawns called the First Candle on the west side and the Second Candle to the east. Each of these areas has a fountain, the appearance of which gave rise to the name. A bank divides the First Candle from an area of higher ground called Top Lawn where a lime avenue runs north/south along the length of the gardens. This is one of several avenues shown on the C18 estate map and probably represents one of the only surviving features of a layout instituted in c 1698 by George Sitwell which included walled orchards and yew hedges. To the west of the avenue, c 60m south-west of the Hall, there is a gothick temple (listed grade II) which was designed by Joseph Badger in the early C19 as an aviary and is now used as a pet cemetery (1998).
A second terraced walk lined with clipped hedges runs east/west across the garden, c 50m south of the Hall. At the east end the walk leads through a gateway into woodland called Broxhill Wood which is marked 'Little Old Orchard' on the C18 estate map. A classical temple of late C20 date lies c 120m south-east of the Hall in the woodland. The walk overlooks a central lawn with a circular swimming pool. In a compartment to the east called Lower Lawn there is a water garden which consists of a central sub-rectangular island with clipped hedges within a rectangular water-filled enclosure. On the west side of the swimming pool an enclosure with lawns is called the Buttress Garden for the buttressed wall which divides it from Top Lawn to the west. Clipped hedges divide these areas from a grass walk running along the top of a ha-ha, c 100m south of the Hall, which runs east/west across the bottom of the garden. This overlooks a central semicircular lawn divided from the park by railings. There are views to the south of the lakes and parkland.
The C18 map shows the Hall surrounded by gardens laid out in geometrical patterns with quartering paths, and the area south of these is marked 'Great Old Orchard'. The layout shown probably represents that instituted by George Sitwell in c 1698. The 1875 OS map shows that apart from a small area on the south-east side of the Hall, the formal gardens had been swept away, and a lawn, divided from the park by a ha-ha and flanked by the lime avenue, is shown on the south side of the Hall.
PARK
There is parkland on all sides of the Hall. To the north the land falls and the north-east part of the park is laid out as a golf course which was created in the early C20. Old Waterworks Plantation shelters part of the north-east boundary, and North Wood, which is to the west of the drive from Eckington, separates the golf course from parkland to the west. Some 350m west of the Hall is a set of walled paddocks, shown on the 1875 OS map, which probably originated as a stud farm and are now (1998) vineyards. Chesterfield Approach Plantation lies immediately south of the paddocks and in the area between this and the gardens there are the remains of at least one lime avenue, shown on the 1875 OS map, which survives from the formal layout shown on the C18 estate map and runs parallel to the avenue within the garden.
East and south of the Hall the land falls and in the valley there are two lakes. The northernmost is the smaller of the two, and the southern lake, which has an island near its south-east shore, is c 500m in length. Sir George Sitwell was MP for Scarborough and conceived of the scheme to construct the lakes as relief for the unemployed in his constituency and they were duly created by unemployed fishermen in the closing years of the C19. To the north of the lake is Renishaw Wood and Broxhill Wood, and along the east boundary Willowbed Plantation, designed to screen the railway and ironworks. The planting in this and possibly in other areas of the park was directed by William Milner who was employed by Sir George in 1890. The land rises up to the south and west from the lake with Halfmoon Plantation sheltering the south-east boundary. A patch of woodland on the sloping land c 800m south-west of the house is called Milner Plantation.
KITCHEN GARDEN
Some 200m south-west of the Hall are the remains of a kitchen garden. An orangery entered from the north side from a door with a pedimented doorcase is in ruinous condition (1998), as are the attached walls which have arched entrances. A tennis court lies south of the orangery. The 1875 OS map shows the garden with two compartments, the southern of which occupied the tennis court area. Another kitchen garden, also shown on the 1875 OS map, lies immediately west of the stable block. It is walled and has a number of free-standing glasshouses, some of which are probably of late C19 or early C20 date.
Legacy
The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.
Legacy System number: 1674
Legacy System: Parks and Gardens
Sources
Books and journals
Jellicoe, G, Jellicoe, S (at al), The Oxford Companion to Gardens, (1986), 519-20
Sitwell, R, The Garden at Renishaw Hall, (c1995)
Sitwell, R, Renishaw Hall, (c1995)
Other
Country Life (14 May 1948), pp 506-11
Country Life, 162 (1 September 1977), pp 522-5
Country Life, 83 (7 May 1948), pp 476-80
Estate Map, probably early C18 (private collection)
OS 25" to 1 mile: 1st edition published 1875
OS 6" to 1 mile: 1st edition surveyed 1874-5
In the depth of winter’s darkness, thoughts often drift to those we have lost. The stillness of long nights and the glow of the approaching festive season stir memories — of laughter, scents, and moments that now feel just out of reach. For many, this time brings not only celebration but also the ache of absence.
Let us take the hands of those who grieve, offering warmth, kindness, and understanding. Together, we can navigate the season’s bittersweet light and hold space for love that endures beyond loss.
Poem:
Winter nights stretch long,
And in their stillness, shadows grow.
The flicker of candles calls forth faces,
Smiles now etched in memory’s quiet glow.
The scent of pine, the warmth of spices,
Stir feelings that rise unbidden.
But in the ache, love lingers gently,
A hand extended, no longer hidden.
Through the cold, let hearts entwine,
In the embrace of shared sorrow.
For even in the longest night,
Hope whispers of a brighter morrow.
Haikus:
Winter winds whisper,
Memories wrapped in still air,
Loss blooms in soft light.
Candle’s glow trembles,
Scents of pine and cinnamon,
Echo what is gone.
Through grief’s coldest night,
Kindness lights the path forward,
Love warms every step.