Taken at the Kings Heath Classic Cars and Coffee event, August 2019.

Nikon f90x, Kodak Tri-x 400 shot at 200 iso. Developed in Kodak Xtol (stock), 21°, 1 minute agitation, 6mins. Scanned on Epson V600.

Was re-reading Borges's Library of Babel and wondering why he never discusses the cellar, which was really the most interesting part of that building. Lovely red brick vaulting, knob-and-tube wiring, the Victorian era circulation carts, the paleography carrels, where our hair turned blue from Penicillium, that is, before it all fell out ...one could get nostalgic. But Borges is not interested in that, but in the higher level, metaphorical stuff. Fine. I like barrel vaulting. In cellars, anyway. Looks pretty silly, above ground.

70lbs, text weight, (around 100 dsm-5).

Pelicans

Developed using 55 minute semi-stand in Caffenol CL:

9.6g washing soda

6g vitamin C

4.2g iodized salt

24g instant coffee

600mL water

>Ilford Fixer

Shanghai GP3 100 (type 120) film shot on Agfa Isolette L, 6x6 format.

Scanned on Epson V600 @ 3200dpi

Marina Bay Sands is an integrated resort fronting Marina Bay in Singapore. Developed by Las Vegas Sands (LVS), it is billed as the world's most expensive stand-alone casino property at US$ 5.7 billion, including the cost of the prime land.

Marina Bay Sands is situated on 15.5 hectares of land with the gross floor area of 581,000 square metres. The iconic design has transformed Singapore's skyline and tourism landscape since it opened on 27 April, 2010. The property has a hotel, convention and exhibition facilities, theatres, entertainment venues, retailers, and restaurants.

Marina Bay Sands was one of two winning proposals for Singapore's first integrated resorts, the other being the Resorts World Sentosa, which incorporates Universal Studios Theme Park. The two resorts aimed to meet Singapore's economic and tourism objectives, and have 30-year casino licenses, exclusively for the first ten years.

Bidders were assessed based on four criteria:

tourism appeal and contribution

architectural concept and design

development investment

strength of the consortium and partners

On 27 May, 2006, Las Vegas Sands (LVS) was declared as the winner to develop the Marina Bay site in the prime new business district of Marina South. LVS highlighted its forte in Meetings, Incentives, Conferencing, Exhibitions (MICE). LVS's founder Sheldon Adelson is a pioneer in Las Vegas and the key to his early business success.[3] In the Design Evaluation portion of the tender, a panel of local and international architects commended Sands' design as superior to other bids in terms of pedestrian circulation and layout, and it also fit in with the Marina Bay landscape best. They liked that the hotel towers were set back from the waterfront to open up expansive views of the city and the entire Marina Bay, making the skyline for Singapore's downtown more attractive and distinctive.Construction of the property commenced in early 2007 and was expected to be completed by 2009.

Singapore Tourism Board highlighted Sands' line-up of six celebrity chefs, such as Tetsuya Wakuda, Wolfgang Puck, Daniel Boulud and Mario Batali.

LVS submitted its winning bid on its own. Its original partner City Developments Limited (CDL), with a proposed 15% equity stake, pulled out of the partnership in the second phase of the tender process. CDL's CEO, Kwek Leng Beng said his company's pullout was a combination of factors – such as difficulties in getting numerous companies he owns to comply in time, as well as reluctance of some parties to disclose certain private information in probity checks required by the Singapore government. However, Kwek was retained as an advisor for Sands' bid.

Las Vegas Sands initially committed to invest S$3.85 billion in the project, not including the fixed S$1.2 billion cost of the 6,000,000 square feet (560,000 m2) site itself. With the escalating costs of materials, such as sand and steel, and labour shortages owing to other major infrastructure and property development in the country, Sheldon Adelson placed the total cost of the development at S$8 billion as of July 2009.

Las Vegas Sands declared the undertaking as "one of the world's most challenging construction projects and certainly the most expensive stand-alone integrated resort property ever built". It expects the casino to generate at least $1 billion in annual profit. Two months after the initial phased opening, the casino attracts around 25,000 visitors daily, about a third being Singaporeans and permanent residents who pay a $100 daily entry levy or $2,000 for annual unlimited access. Half a million gamblers passed through the casino in June 2010. In the third quarter of 2012, the revenues of the Marina Bay Sands fell almost 28 per cent from a year earlier.

For the economy, Marina Bay Sands is projected to stimulate an addition of $2.7 billion or 0.8% to Singapore's Gross Domestic Product by 2015, employing 10,000 people directly and 20,000 jobs being created in other industries.

Moshe Safdie was approached to lead the design on this massive project. Taking inspiration from the form of card decks, led to the unique design of the three hotel towers. Other key structures of the property include the 200,000-square-foot (19,000 m2) ArtScience Museum, The Shoppes, Expo and Convention center and the casino. During the resort's planning and construction phases, feng shui consultants, the late Master Chong Swan Lek and Master Louisa Ong-Lee were consulted in regards to divination.

The engineering for the project was headed by Arup and Parsons Brinkerhoff (MEP/ELV). Arup had originally worked on prestigious projects such as the Beijing National Aquatics Centre and the Sydney Opera House. In spite of their experience in constructing challenging designs, the Marina Bay Sands project was described as the 'most difficult to carry out in the whole world' due to the amount of integration of the varied and advanced technologies needed to complete the project.

The extensive background music system was installed by Singapore based contractor Electronics & Engineering Pte Ltd

The Marina Bay Sands hotel has three 55-story towers with 2,561 luxury rooms and suites, which is capped by the Sands SkyPark, which offers 360-degree views of Singapore's skyline. The SkyPark is home to restaurants, gardens, a 150-metre vanishing edge and the world's largest public cantilever housing an observation deck. This architectural marvel stands at the height of 200 metres and boasts 12,400 square metres of space. Dining options at the Skypark include local celebrity chef restaurant, Sky on 57 (by Justin Quek), restaurant and nightclub KU DÉ TA, and executive club lounge The Club at Marina Bay Sands.

To help the Skypark withstand the natural motion of the towers caused by wind, engineers designed and constructed four movement joints beneath the main pools, each possessing a unique range of motion. The total range of motion is 500 millimetres (19.68 inches). In addition to wind, the hotel towers are also subject to settlement in the earth over time, hence custom jack legs were built and installed to allow for future adjustment at more than 500 points beneath the pool system. This jacking system is important primarily to ensure the infinity edge of the pool continues to function properly.[citation needed]

Connected to the hotel towers are the Sands Expo and Convention Centre, Marina Bay Sands Casino and The Shoppes at Marina Bay Sands.

The Sands Expo and Convention Centre has more than 120,000 square metres or 1.3 million square feet of meeting space, making it one of the largest and most flexible locations in Asia. It is also the biggest MICE (Meeting, Incentives, Conference and Exhibitions) facility in Singapore, and the ballroom is the largest in Southeast Asia, capable of hosting up to 11,000 delegates. The Sands Expo and Convention Centre has five floors of exhibition and convention space, with up to 2,000 exhibition booths and 250 meeting rooms. It has hosted events ranging from banquets, theater-style conventions, to exhibitions and roadshows.

Located near the Sands Expo and Convention Centre is the Marina Bay Sands Casino. Spanning 15,000 square metres over four levels of gaming, the casino features over 600 gaming tables and 1,500 slot machines along with two noodle bars, The Nest and Tong Dim, and local Chinese eatery, Fatt Choi Express.

Another attraction found at Marina Bay Sands is The Shoppes at Marina Bay Sands. With close to 800,000 square feet of retail and restaurant space, The Shoppes at Marina Bay Sands is Singapore's first large-scale luxury shopping mall in the Central Business District with boutiques such as Ralph Lauren, Chanel, Cartier and Prada. Other luxury stores include Salon by Surrender, Gucci, Hermès, Emporio Armani, Chopard, REDValentino, Dior, Dunhill, Vertu, Miu Miu, Saint Laurent Paris, Salvatore Ferragamo, Montblanc, Blancpain, and an Hermès Watch Boutique. Also housed within the Shoppes are the five of the six Celebrity Chef Restaurants – Cut (by Wolfgang Puck), Waku Ghin (by Tetsuya Wakuda), Pizzeria and Osteria Mozza (by Mario Batali), Guy Savoy (by Guy Savoy), and DB Bistro Moderne (by Daniel Boulud).

Other attractions within The Shoppes at Marina Bay Sands include a canal which runs through the length of the Shoppes, in the same style as the Venetian in Las Vegas, two Crystal Pavilions, one housing renowned nightclubs – Avalon and Pangaea and the other the world's largest Louis Vuitton boutique. An indoor skating rink (synthetic ice) measuring 6,500 square feet (600 m2) as well as the MasterCard Theatres, compromising of the Sands Theatre and Grand Theatre which seat 1,680 people and 2,155 people respectively can also be found at The Shoppes at Marina Bay Sands.

The MasterCard Theatres has played host to many international acts and plays since its opening, with Broadway smash musicals like The Lion King, Wicked, Annie, and The Phantom of the Opera. Other acts such as Cirque Éloize and A. R. Rahman's Jai Ho, located in the latter during their world tours.

Visitors to the Event Plaza at The Shoppes can enjoy the nightly Wonder Full show, a 13-minute light and water show featuring lasers, lights, water movements and graphics, set against the backdrop of Marina Bay Sands.

Marina Bay Sands is also home to the ArtScience Museum, With a form reminiscent of the lotus, the ArtScience Museum has been called "The Welcoming Hand of Singapore". It features an adjustable roof waterfall which uses rainwater collected when the roof is sealed in the day.

The resort also features an Art Path designed by Moshe Safdie, incorporating 11 installations by five artists including Zheng Chongbin, Antony Gormley, and Sol LeWitt. The 11 art installations were commissioned to integrate seamlessly with Moshe Safdie's iconic architecture. These art installations form the largest art commissions ever completed as part of an integrated architectual proccess

Film: Kodak Ektar 100

Camera: Nikon N80

Developed by Dwayne’s Photo

Scanned Epson V600 Edited in Adobe Elements 10

20150625CN-253

Zenith

Cologne, Germany 1972

Miranda Sensorex

Auto Miranda 50mm f1.4

Kodak Ektachrome ASA100

Developed & Processed by Caribe Color Lab (1972)

Scanned on Canon 9000F Mark II

Edited in Photoshop CC

Cologne cathedral is the highest in Europe, that is until Gaudí's Sagrada Familia is finished. The church with the highest steeple is Ulm Minster, also in Germany.

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La catedral de Colonia es la mas alta de Europa, pero solo hasta que la Iglesia de la Sagrada Familia de Gaudí esté terminada. La iglesia con la torre mas alta es la de Ulm Minster, también en Alemania.

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Haven't made a movie in a while....

French postcard by Viny, no. 49. Photo: Warner Bros.

Australian-born actor Errol Flynn (1909-1959) achieved fame in Hollywood with his suave, debonair, devil-may-care attitude. He was known for his romantic Swashbuckler roles in films like Captain Blood (1935) and The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938), often co-starring Olivia de Havilland. In 1942, the tall, athletic and exceptionally handsome, Flynn became an American citizen. He developed a reputation for womanising, hard-drinking, and for a time in the 1940s, narcotics abuse. He was linked romantically with Lupe Vélez, Marlene Dietrich, and Dolores del Río, among many others.

Errol Leslie Thomson Flynn was born in a suburb of Hobart, Tasmania, in 1909. His father, Theodore, was a lecturer and later professor of biology at the University of Tasmania. His mother was Lily Mary Young. After early schooling in Hobart, from 1923 to 1925 Flynn was educated at the South West London College, a private boarding school in Barnes, London, and in 1926 returned to Australia to attend Sydney Church of England Grammar School (Shore School) where he was the classmate of a future Australian prime minister, John Gorton. His formal education ended with his expulsion from Shore for theft. After being dismissed from a job as a junior clerk with a Sydney shipping company for pilfering petty cash, he went to Papua New Guinea at the age of eighteen, seeking his fortune in tobacco planting and metals mining. He spent the next five years oscillating between the New Guinea frontier territory and Sydney. In early 1933, Flynn appeared as an amateur actor in the low-budget Australian film In the Wake of the Bounty (Charles Chauvel, 1933), in the lead role of Fletcher Christian. Later that year he returned to Britain to pursue a career in acting and soon secured a job with the Northampton Repertory Company at the town's Royal Theatre, where he worked and received his training as a professional actor for seven months. In 1934 Flynn was dismissed from Northampton Rep. reportedly after he threw a female stage manager down a stairwell. He returned to Warner Brothers' Teddington Studios in Middlesex where he had worked as an extra in the film I Adore You (George King, 1933) before going to Northampton. With his newfound acting skills, he was cast as the lead in Murder at Monte Carlo (Ralph Ince, 1935), now considered a lost film. During its filming, he was spotted by a talent scout for Warner Bros. and Flynn emigrated to the U.S. as a contract actor.

In Hollywood, Errol Flynn was first cast in two insignificant films, but then he got his great chance. He could replace Robert Donat in the title role of Captain Blood (Michael Curtiz, 1935). Flynn's natural athletic talent and good looks rocketed him overnight to international stardom. Over the next six years, he was typecast as a dashing adventurer in The Charge of the Light Brigade (Michael Curtiz, 1936), The Prince and the Pauper (William Keighley, 1937), The Adventures of Robin Hood (Michael Curtiz, William Keighley, 1938; his first Technicolor film), The Dawn Patrol (Edmund Goulding, 1938) with David Niven, Dodge City (Michael Curtiz, 1939), The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex (Michael Curtiz, 1939) and The Sea Hawk (Michael Curtiz, 1940). His striking good looks and screen charisma won him millions of fans. Flynn played an integral role in the re-invention of the action-adventure genre. In collaboration with Hollywood's best fight arrangers, Flynn became noted for fast-paced sword fights. He demonstrated an acting range beyond action-adventure roles in light, contemporary social comedies, such as The Perfect Specimen (Michael Curtiz, 1937) and Four's a Crowd (Michael Curtiz, 1938), and melodrama The Sisters (Anatole Litvak, 1938). During this period Flynn published his first book, 'Beam Ends' (1937), an autobiographical account of his sailing experiences around Australia as a youth. He also travelled to Spain, in 1937, as a war correspondent during the Spanish Civil War. Flynn co-starred with Olivia de Havilland a total of eight times, and together they made the most successful on-screen romantic partnership in Hollywood in the late 1930s-early 1940s in eight films. Flynn's relationship with Bette Davis, his co-star in The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex (Michael Curtiz, 1939), was quarrelsome. Davis allegedly slapped him across the face far harder than necessary during one scene.

In 1940, at the zenith of his career, Erroll Flynn was voted the fourth most popular star in the US. Flynn became a naturalised American citizen in 1942. As the United States had by then entered the Second World War, he attempted to enlist in the armed services but failed the physical exam due to multiple heart problems and other diseases. This created an image problem for both Flynn, the supposed paragon of male physical prowess, and for Warner Brothers, which continued to cast him in athletic roles, including such patriotic productions as Dive Bomber (Michael Curtiz, 1941), Desperate Journey (Raoul Walsh, 1942) and Objective, Burma! (Raoul Walsh, 1945). His womanizing lifestyle caught up with him in 1942 when two underage girls, Betty Hansen and Peggy Satterlee, accused him of statutory rape at the Bel Air home of Flynn's friend Frederick McEvoy, and onboard Flynn's yacht, respectively. The scandal received immense press attention. Many of Flynn's fans, assuming that his screen persona was a reflection of his actual personality, refused to accept that the charges were true. Flynn was acquitted, but the trial's widespread coverage and lurid overtones permanently damaged his carefully cultivated screen image as an idealised romantic leading player. In 1946, Flynn published an adventure novel, 'Showdown', and earned a reported $184,000. In 1947 he signed a 15-year contract with Warner Bros. for $225,000 per film. After the Second World War, the taste of the American film-going audience changed from European-themed material and the English history-based escapist epics in which Flynn excelled to more gritty, urban realism and film noir, reflecting modern American life. Flynn tried unsuccessfully to make the transition in Uncertain Glory (Raoul Walsh, 1944) with Paul Lukas and Cry Wolf (Peter Godfrey, 1947) with Barbara Stanwyck, and then increasingly passé Westerns such as Silver River (Raoul Walsh, 1948) and Montana (Ray Enright, 1950). Flynn's behaviour became increasingly disruptive during filming; he was released from his contract in 1950 by Jack L. Warner as part of a stable-clearing of 1930s glamour-generation stars. His Hollywood career over at the age of 41, Flynn entered a steep financial and physical decline.

In the 1950s, Errol Flynn became a parody of himself. He lost his savings from the Hollywood years in a series of financial disasters, including The Story of William Tell (Jack Cardiff, 1954) with Waltraut Haas. Aimlessly he sailed around the Western Mediterranean aboard his yacht Zaca. Heavy alcohol abuse left him prematurely aged and overweight. He staved off financial ruin with roles in forgettable productions such as Hello God (William Marshall, 1951), Il maestro di Don Giovanni/Crossed Swords (Milton Krims, 1954) opposite Gina Lollobrigida and King's Rhapsody (Herbert Wilcox, 1955) with Anna Neagle. He performed in such also-ran Hollywood films as Mara Maru (Gordon Douglas, 1952) and Istanbul (Joseph Pevney, 1957) with Cornell Borchers, and made occasional television appearances. As early as 1952 he had been seriously ill with hepatitis resulting in liver damage. In 1956 he presented and sometimes performed in the television anthology series The Errol Flynn Theatre which was filmed in Britain. He enjoyed a brief revival of popularity with The Sun Also Rises (Henry King, 1957); The Big Boodle (Richard Wilson, 1957), filmed in Cuba; Too Much, Too Soon (Art Napoleon, 1958); and The Roots of Heaven (John Huston, 1958) with Juliette Gréco. In these films, he played drunks and washed-out bums and brought a poignancy to his performances that had not been there during his glamorous heydays. He met with Stanley Kubrick to discuss a role in Lolita, but nothing came of it. Flynn went to Cuba in late 1958 to film the self-produced B film Cuban Rebel Girls (Barry Mahon, 1959), where he met Fidel Castro and was initially an enthusiastic supporter of the Cuban Revolution. He wrote a series of newspaper and magazine articles for the New York Journal American and other publications documenting his time in Cuba with Castro. Many of these pieces were lost until 2009 when they were rediscovered in a collection at the University of Texas at Austin's Center for American History. He narrated a short film titled Cuban Story: The Truth About Fidel Castro Revolution (1959), his last known work as an actor. He published his autobiography, My Wicked Wicked Ways. In 1959, Errol Flynn died of a heart attack in Vancouver, Canada. Flynn was married three times. His first wife was actress Lili Damita (1935-1942). They had one son, actor and war correspondent Sean Flynn (1941-1971). Sean and his colleague Dana Stone disappeared in Cambodia in 1970, during the Vietnam War, while both were working as freelance photojournalists for Time magazine. It is generally assumed that they were killed by Khmer Rouge guerrillas. Errol was married a second time to Nora Eddington from 1943 to 1949. They had two daughters, Deirdre (1945) and Rory (1947). His third wife was actress Patrice Wymore from 1950 until his death. They had one daughter, Arnella Roma (1953–1998). In 1980, author Charles Higham published a controversial biography, 'Errol Flynn: The Untold Story', in which he alleged that Flynn was a fascist sympathiser who spied for the Nazis before and during the Second World War and that he was bisexual and had multiple gay affairs. Later Flynn biographers were critical of Higham's allegations and found no evidence to corroborate them.

Sources: Charles Culbertson (IMDb), Wikipedia, and IMDb.

And, please check out our blog European Film Star Postcards.

Ernest Henry discovered copper in the general vicinity of Mount Cuthbert in 1867, but it was not developed further at that time. John Chapman investigated Mount Cuthbert, Excelsior, and Mighty Atom copper claims in 1900 on behalf of Melbourne investors. Mount Cuthbert assayed the best at 6.5%.

The decision by the Government to extend the Townsville railway beyond Richmond stimulated further exploration in 1905 - 1906. In 1907 the Mount Cuthbert Company had capital of £240,000 and its mines included Mount Cuthbert, Kalkadoon, Mighty Atom, Orphan (near Dobbyn) and Little Wonder. The company had major financial problems from 1909 because of the lack of rail freight and had to reconstruct its capital holdings in 1912.

In 1915, with the price of copper soaring, the company spent £120,000 constructing smelters and had already sent away copper matte by horse teams before the railway reached the mine in September 1916. William H. Corbould, who was appointed Mount Elliott mine manager in 1909 had a grand vision for rationalising the copper industry in the Cloncurry district but, while war delayed its implementation an arrangement was worked out with Mount Cuthbert whereby up to 150 tons of ore per day were to be treated at the Mount Elliott smelter at Selwyn until the Mount Cuthbert plant was completed. Then the situation would be reversed while Mount Elliott increased the capacity of its smelter. Accordingly, the Selwyn smelter ran for five months at the end of 1915 and into 1916 treating both companies' ore, including 13,000 tons railed from Mount Cuthbert.

The Mount Cuthbert smelter was designed by W.H. Corbould, who was also a noted metallurgist and its completion was delayed because of the war. The blast furnaces were eventually fired early in 1917 and the initial operation treated over 25,000 tons of ore which produced 1,804 tons of copper worth £202,350. The Mount Cuthbert Company also invested in a new winding engine and headframe, 200 ton capacity ore bins, extensions to the blacksmith's shop and electricity connected to all the surface buildings. The old equipment was removed and reassembled at the Orphan mine.

Mount Cuthbert township was surveyed by the Mines Department in 1916, but the nearby mines had been worked from 1908 which might explain the close proximity of the settlement to the mines and therefore the smelter.

At its peak Mount Cuthbert township had two hotels, a cordial factory, two stores, three fruiterers, a photographer, butcher, baker, fancy goods/barber, hospital, police station, boarding house, and two railway stations (Mount Cuthbert and Dollubeet). A post office operated from 1908 to 1927. The mining company officers were housed in timber cottages and a barracks, while the majority of residents lived in tents or small corrugated iron shacks with earth floors and stone hearths.

Teamsters supplied logs to the sawmill operating to supply mine timbers from 1913. A school opened in 1917 with 30 pupils taught by Miss E Stapleton. At one point in 1917 the town was reported on the verge of starvation due to problems with railway freight operations.

Today the township area contains about 60 discernible building remains and stone footings, and a commercial area near the railway on the eastern side of the settlement. A cellar, cement floor, and ships tank baking oven indicate the site of the hotel, which reputedly was moved to Kajabbi where it still serves as the Kalkadoon Hotel.

The railway arrived at Mount Cuthbert in October 1915 after taking two years to construct the section north-east from Dugald River. The curving alignment passes through narrow gaps in ridge spurs and follows the Six Mile Creek. Its formation features embankments, cuttings, and bridgeworks. Without the railway, production from the smelters was hampered due to exorbitant freight costs. There were two wayside sidings, Mount Cuthbert and the terminus, Dollubeet, at Kalkadoon.

The Kalkadoon mine is part of the Mount Cuthbert mine group, situated about 2km north along the same geological formation. The earliest mineral lease to be granted in the Mount Cuthbert area was that of the Kalkadoon to Cuthbert Fetherstonhaugh of Cloncurry who took up 4.05 ha from the 1st of August 1899. This mine was mentioned by William Lees in 1906 as the "old mine" and it had already produced 300 tons of high grade ore.

It was further developed by the Mount Cuthbert Company from about 1907. By 1912 temporary pithead gear was in place: a winch and boiler and a headframe from Charters Towers was installed the next year. By 1916 the main shaft was down 107m. Ore mined at the Kalkadoon was smelted at Mount Cuthbert from 1917 and sent to Britain as prime blister copper. It is presumed that the mine closed in 1920 when smelting ceased at Mount Cuthbert. Its manager, J. Delaney, was a well known football player in the district.

In 1918 there was a fatal accident in the Mount Cuthbert mine at the 107m level. By 1919 the main shaft was down to 148m. In 1918 the Mount Cuthbert smelters treated 36,500 tons of ore until November when the crankshaft broke on the blower engine and closed the smelters after a record run. They were not refired until August 1919 and continued smelting copper until the price fell in 1920. The smelters shut down on the 19th of June 1920 after a final run of only 63 days.

The company was forced into raising capital in 1919 and attempted a further financial reconstruction in 1922. However, continued annual losses, low metal prices and pressing debenture commitments forced its liquidation in 1923. In 1925 the Mount Elliott Company purchased the Mount Cuthbert properties and plant for an undisclosed sum, certainly much less than the £500,000 valuation.

The population rose from 50 in 1908, to a peak of 1,000 in 1918, then dropped to 750 in 1920 and to 400 in 1924, but Mount Cuthbert became a ghost town after the Mount Elliott Company bought the mine and plant in 1925.

In 1942 Mount Isa Mines bought the Mount Cuthbert smelters for £900 and plant and other machinery was railed through Cloncurry to Mount Isa's new copper smelter. The Kalkadoon was worked on tribute again in the 1960s before being abandoned.

Source: Queensland Heritage Register.

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Konica Hexar RF and Voigtlander Color-Skopar 21mm f/4

Arista Premium 400 developed in Xtol (1:1)

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Self-portrait

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Developed and scanned at home

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27-02-2016, Połajewo, Turkol do Czarnkowa.

Pentax 6x7

Takumar 105/2.4

Rollei Universal 200,developed in Rodinal 1+25.

I developed this character for Clemenger BBDO (Sydney) and their campaign for a new award in magazine advertising. Very fun project and great people to work with! Thanks for the opportunity.

Olympus-S SC G.Zuiko 1:1.8 f=4.2cm

Ilford Pan 400 pushed to 800 ISO

Home developed in Silberra Aphenol (Kodak Xtol alternative), 14.5 min, 20°C

Galle Face | West Coast, Sri Lanka

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Bronica ETRSi

Zenzanon 150mm f/3.5 MC

Kodak Portra 160

Lab developed. Home scanned and converted with Negative Lab Pro

Developed for BlueBrixx.

YouTube Video

Developed in Raw Photo Processor using V50v2 profile

Edited in ACR

Insane Customs Jeep

Developed by Timothy W. Vega

Strobist: Flashpoint Xplor 600 on 48" Octa as fill light at camera right

Evolv 200 on a 31" Octabox as Main Light at camera left

Triggered by Godox X1T

Asistants:

Javier Chacón & Andres Rodríguez

www.AxelRiveraPhotographer.com

Statue in front of the entrance to what was formerly the Institute for the Blind.

Camera: Asahi Pentax Spotmatic II Black

Lens: SMC Takumar 55mm F1.8 with yellowgreen filter

Exposure: 1/250 @ F3.5

Film: Ilford FP4+ (exp. 2009) hand developed in xtol 1+1

Just a wee update from today.

I upgraded my home-brew motorized Lab Box with a higher RPM motor. The motor ran in reverse, the film unspooled.

China Developing

China's urban development is concomitant with its economic development and integration with the dynamics of globalization. The gaps are widening between cities and countryside to reach limits never crossed. The development of rural areas, where more than 600 million Chinese still live, is a gigantic task for the Communist Party. That's why the government is building territory development programs. And comfortable houses rather than wooden houses. Young people are convinced.

These laudable goals want to make the Chinese people a "rich people" and the country the world's largest economic power, while in the countryside the population is very poor. People still live there as in the Middle Ages. Xi Jinping, the Chinese PC President has imposed a new motto: the Chinese Dream as the American Dream. It is about working for the great renaissance of the Chinese nation

Develop: Paterson FX-37

Film 24x36: Fomapan100

ap: Nikon FG

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Konica Hexar RF and Voigtlander Color-Skopar 21mm f/4

Legacy Pro 400 developed in Xtol (1:1)

Cartilaginous fish in Order Rajiformes showing prominent eye and main means of drawing water in for respiration

Developed using darktable 3.0.0

Chassis No V2 (the second of three prototypes).

Official designations:- Sd Kfz 182 Panzerkampfwagen VI Ausf B, VK45.03(H).

Built January 1944 by Henschel & Sohn.

The Tiger II was developed from the legendary Tiger I and combine thick armour with the Panzer style sloping hull design. Production began in 1944 and 492 had been built by the end of the war.

The type was informally known ‘Königstiger’ which is German for ‘Bengal Tiger’. The literal translation, however, is ‘Royal Tiger’ which led to it being known to Allied troops as the ‘King Tiger’ (which seems somehow appropriate!).

The type saw significant use in several major battles in the last year of WW2, including in Normandy in July 1944 as well as Operation Panzerfaust (the taking of Budapest) in October 1944, the Ardennes Offensive (The Battle of the Bulge) in December 1944 and the Battle of Berlin leading up to the final days of the war.

At least eight are known to survive of which two are at Bovington.

This is the second prototype of the production design. It was retained by Henschel for trials, eventually being captured at the Henschel testing ground at Haustenbeck. It is fitted with the Krupp turret originally designed for both the Henschel or Porsche prototype designs, the VK45.01(H) and VK45.02(P). After unsuccessful trials these two types were abandoned in favour of a third design, the VK45.03(H), which became production Tiger II. Several Krupp turrets had already been manufactured so the first fifty Tiger IIs were fitted with these left-over Krupp turrets, the remaining Tiger II production having the standard turret.

Along with a late production Tiger II, this rare prototype is on display at The Tank Museum, Bovington, Dorset, UK.

26th July 2016

The following info is partly from the excellent Tank Museum website:-

“Known variously as the Tiger Ausf. B, Tiger II or Königstiger (the British also referred to it as the `Royal Tiger’), 489 Tiger IIs, were produced at the Henschel assembly plant, between January 1944 and March 1945. However, despite lacking in numbers, and being prone to mechanical and mobility issues based on its size and weight, the Tiger IIs combination of devastating firepower, and thick sloped armour plate, made it a formidable adversary for Allied forces on the rare occasions it was encountered on the battlefield.

In May 1942 the German Ordnance Department Waffenprüfamt 6 (weapons Proving Office) identified the key characteristics of the tank design which was intended to replace the Tiger I. It was identified as having a gun capable of defeating 100mm of rolled homogenous armour at 1,500m, armour protection of 150mm front, and 80mm side and rear, and the mobility to move at 40kph.

Both the Henschel and Porsche designs teams were tasked with working on this project and they developed two different prototypes VK45.01(H) and VK45.02(P) respectively (VK refers to Volketten – fully tracked). Flaws in these two designs; VK45.01(H) a 45 tonne design mounting a tapered bored gun which used increasingly rare tungsten ammunition was cancelled, and the Porsche design; VK45.02(P) was based on the earlier rejected design for the Tiger I with enhanced armament, Rheinmetall-Borisg’s 8.8cm Flak 41 L/74 gun. The Porsche design was also rejected due to issues over mechanical reliability, its electric drive train, and the use of scarce materials. Improving on their original design, and hitting the design criteria, Henschel’s VK45.03 (H) design was subsequently chosen incorporating the new 8.8cm KwK 43 L/71 gun.

Construction of turrets and hulls were undertaken by Krupp, with Dortmund Hörder Hutten Verein and Skoda Works of Czechoslovakia producing armour components. Turrets were assembled at Wegmann and Company before arrival at Henschel’s assembly plant for marrying up with the hulls. Although an order for 1,500 Tiger IIs was tendered the impact of RAF bombing from October 1943 onwards had a severe impact on Henschel’s facilities and production was limited to less than a third of this figure.

Designed and produced by Krupp, the Tiger IIs longer more powerful 8.8cm KwK 43 L/71 gun had been developed to increase its armour piercing effectiveness at longer ranges over that of the original 8.8cm KwK 36 L/56 gun fitted to the Tiger I. Using a sectional Monobloc design, which simplified manufacturing and improved barrel wear, the KwK 43 gun had been redesigned to fit inside the tank turret and featured improvements to its recoil system, fume evacuation and breech.

Firing at a higher velocity, and on a flatter trajectory, the penetration figures for the Tiger IIs gun show that using Pzgr. 39/43 armour piercing ammunition the 8.8cm KwK 43 L/71 gun was capable of penetrating the frontal armour of a Sherman, Cromwell, Churchill and T-34-85 tank at ranges out to at least 2,600 metres.

The first fifty Tiger IIs were fitted with the Porsche and Krupp designed turrets from the abandoned VK 45.02 (P) project, following that a new, simpler production design was introduced to enable mass production. This turret, frequently, and incorrectly named, the ‘Henschel’ turret, was much easier to build as it eliminated many of the complicated curved forgings and extensive machining which the original turret had demanded. The slightly sloped front plate of this new turret also eliminated the shot trap which had existed on the old design and had the benefit of providing greater internal turret room space allowing 86 rounds of ammunition to the Porsche designed turret’s 80.

Complementing the Tiger IIs formidable gun was the use of 150mm thick sloped armour plates for the glacis plate (including a cut-out in the plate for the driver’s periscope), as well as 180mm of armour for the turret, factoring in the angled plate and the increased chance of ricochets, the Tiger IIs armour was thick enough to make it effectively invulnerable to frontal penetration (although theoretically the 17-pdr firing APDS could penetrate it). Consequently, Allied forces had to target the weaker side and rear armour plates, which were 80mm thick, if they were to stand a chance of overmatching the Tiger IIs armour protection.

Modifications to the Tiger during its production run included the application of Zimmeritt paste, a turret ring guard, hangers for spare track links, and a monocular TZF 9d Telescopic Sight.

Unfortunately, the enhanced armour protection afforded to the Tiger II had helped to increase in size and the (combat) weight of the design to 69.8 tonnes. This had a detrimental effect on the Tiger II in terms of its strategic mobility; that is its ability to cross obstacles such as bridges, and transportation to the battlefield. Moreover once on the battlefield the Tiger IIs weight size meant that manoeuvrability through unsuitable country, such as close and boggy terrain, tended to slow or hamper the Tiger IIs battlefield mobility, a situation which was compounded by mechanical problems, and the lack of a suitable armoured recovery vehicle to assist in recovery, which either meant trying to recover the vehicle with another Tiger II or destroying the vehicle.

Tiger IIs were issued to existing independent heavy tank battalions (Schwere Panzer-Abteilung) of the Army and Waffen SS and in small numbers to the Panzer Lehr trials unit and the Feldherrnhalle Division. Ideally these independent heavy tank battalions would be organised with 45 Tiger IIs in three companies of 14 Tiger IIs each with the remaining 3 Tiger IIs making up the headquarters. The first Tiger II heavy tank battalion to engage in combat was the Army’s 503rd Schwere Panzer-Abteilung in Normandy on the 11th July 1944 with the 501st Schwere Panzer-Abteilung being the first to employ Tiger IIs on the Eastern Front. No Tiger IIs were deployed to the fighting in Italy.

This Tiger II was the second prototype of three built by Henschel, with the Chassis Number V2 (Versuchs-Fahrgestell No. V2 (Trial Chassis V2)), and completed in January 1944. It was not issued to a combat unit, remaining with Henschel were it was used for various trials. It was later captured by the British at the Henschel testing area in Haustenbeck, Germany at the end of the War. It is still fitted with a modified exhaust pipe that Henschel were using to test exhaust pressure.

The turret rear was designed to be removable to allow the removal and refitting of the 8.8 cm KwK 43 gun. On our example the rear wall was removed and lost at some time Post-War and it has been replaced with a wooden panel. Also lost, presumably at the same time, was the commander’s cupola.

After its capture the vehicle had its original tracks replaced with a set of Kgs 73/800/152 single link cross-country tracks removed from a second Tiger Ausf. B (Chassis Number 280009 or 280012) that was also on site at Haustenbeck. These tracks had only been introduced in March 1945.”

Using the top/waist-level viewfinder on the Canon Sure Shot Ace to compose the shot.

Canon Sure Shot Ace, test

Kodak Gold 200

Unicolor/Argentix, home developed

Pakon F135

Brighton Palace Pier

Brighton (/ˈbraɪtən/) is a seaside resort on the south coast of England that is part of the city of Brighton and Hove, located 47 miles (76 km) south of London.

Archaeological evidence of settlement in the area dates back to the Bronze Age, Roman and Anglo-Saxon periods. The ancient settlement of "Brighthelmstone" was documented in the Domesday Book (1086). The town's importance grew in the Middle Ages as the Old Town developed, but it languished in the early modern period, affected by foreign attacks, storms, a suffering economy and a declining population. Brighton began to attract more visitors following improved road transport to London and becoming a boarding point for boats travelling to France. The town also developed in popularity as a health resort for sea bathing as a purported cure for illnesses.

In the Georgian era, Brighton developed as a fashionable seaside resort, encouraged by the patronage of the Prince Regent, later King George IV, who spent much time in the town and constructed the Royal Pavilion in the Regency era. Brighton continued to grow as a major centre of tourism following the arrival of the railways in 1841, becoming a popular destination for day-trippers from London. Many of the major attractions were built in the Victorian era, including the Metropole Hotel (now Hilton) Grand Hotel, the West Pier, and the Brighton Palace Pier. The town continued to grow into the 20th century, expanding to incorporate more areas into the town's boundaries before joining the town of Hove to form the unitary authority of Brighton and Hove in 1997, which was granted city status in 2000. Today, Brighton and Hove district has a resident population of about 288,200 and the wider Brighton and Hove conurbation has a population of 474,485 (2011 census).

Brighton's location has made it a popular destination for tourists, renowned for its diverse communities, quirky shopping areas, large cultural, music and arts scene and its large LGBT population, leading to its recognition as the "unofficial gay capital of the UK". Brighton attracted 7.5 million day visitors in 2015/16 and 4.9 million overnight visitors, and is the most popular seaside destination in the UK for overseas tourists. Brighton has also been called the UK's "hippest city", and "the happiest place to live in the UK".

The first settlement in the Brighton area was Whitehawk Camp, a Neolithic encampment on Whitehawk Hill which has been dated to between 3500 BC and 2700 BC. It is one of six causewayed enclosures in Sussex. Archaeologists have only partially explored it, but have found numerous burial mounds, tools and bones, suggesting it was a place of some importance. There was also a Bronze Age settlement at Coldean. Brythonic Celts arrived in Britain in the 7th century BC, and an important Brythonic settlement existed at Hollingbury Castle on Hollingbury Hill. This Celtic Iron Age encampment dates from the 3rd or 2nd century BC and is circumscribed by substantial earthwork outer walls with a diameter of c. 1,000 feet (300 m). Cissbury Ring, roughly 10 miles (16 km) from Hollingbury, is suggested to have been the tribal "capital".

Later, there was a Roman villa at Preston Village, a Roman road from London ran nearby, and much physical evidence of Roman occupation has been discovered locally. From the 1st century AD, the Romans built a number of villas in Brighton and Romano-British Brythonic Celts formed farming settlements in the area. After the Romans left in the early 4th century AD, the Brighton area returned to the control of the native Celts. Anglo-Saxons then invaded in the late 5th century AD, and the region became part of the Kingdom of Sussex, founded in 477 AD by king Ælle.

Anthony Seldon identified five phases of development in pre-20th century Brighton. The village of Bristelmestune was founded by these Anglo-Saxon invaders, probably in the early Saxon period. They were attracted by the easy access for boats, sheltered areas of raised land for building, and better conditions compared to the damp, cold and misty Weald to the north. By the time of the Domesday survey in 1086 it was a fishing and agricultural settlement, a rent of 4,000 herring was established, and its population was about 400. Its importance grew from the Norman era onwards. By the 14th century there was a parish church, a market and rudimentary law enforcement (the first town constable was elected in 1285). Sacked and burnt by French invaders in the early 16th century—the earliest depiction of Brighton, a painting of c. 1520, shows Admiral Pregent de Bidoux's attack of June 1514—the town recovered strongly based on a thriving mackerel-fishing industry. The grid of streets in the Old Town (the present Lanes area) were well developed and the town grew quickly: the population rose from c. 1,500 in 1600 to c. 4,000 in the 1640s. By that time Brighton was Sussex's most populous and important town. Having lost the Battle of Worcester, King Charles II, after hiding for 42 days in various places, fled on the evening of 15 October 1651 in the "Surprise" from Brighthelmstone to his exile in Fécamp, France.

Over the next few decades, though, events severely affected its local and national standing, such that by 1730 "it was a forlorn town decidedly down on its luck". More foreign attacks, storms (especially the devastating Great Storm of 1703), a declining fishing industry, and the emergence of nearby Shoreham as a significant port caused its economy to suffer. By 1708 other parishes in Sussex were charged rates to alleviate poverty in Brighton, and Daniel Defoe wrote that the expected £8,000 cost of providing sea defences was "more than the whole town was worth". The population declined to 2,000 in the early 18th century.

From the 1730s, Brighton entered its second phase of development—one which brought a rapid improvement in its fortunes. The contemporary fad for drinking and bathing in seawater as a purported cure for illnesses was enthusiastically encouraged by Dr Richard Russell from nearby Lewes. He sent many patients to "take the cure" in the sea at Brighton, published a popular treatise on the subject, and moved to the town soon afterwards (the Royal Albion, one of Brighton's early hotels, occupies the site of his house). Others were already visiting the town for recreational purposes before Russell became famous, and his actions coincided with other developments which made Brighton more attractive to visitors. From the 1760s it was a boarding point for boats travelling to France; road transport to London was improved when the main road via Crawley was turnpiked in 1770; and spas and indoor baths were opened by other entrepreneurial physicians such as Sake Dean Mahomed and Anthony Relhan (who also wrote the town's first guidebook).

From 1780, development of the Georgian terraces had started, and the fishing village developed as the fashionable resort of Brighton. Growth of the town was further encouraged by the patronage of the Prince Regent (later King George IV) after his first visit in 1783. He spent much of his leisure time in the town and constructed the Royal Pavilion during the early part of his Regency. In this period the modern form of the name Brighton came into common use.

A permanent military presence was established in the city with the completion of Preston Barracks in 1793.

The arrival of the London and Brighton Railway in 1841 brought Brighton within the reach of day-trippers from London. The population grew from around 7,000 in 1801 to more than 120,000 by 1901. Many of the major attractions were built during the Victorian era, such as the Grand Hotel (1864), the West Pier (1866), and the Palace Pier (1899). Prior to either of these structures, the famous Chain Pier was built, to the designs of Captain Samuel Brown. It lasted from 1823 to 1896, and is featured in paintings by both Turner and Constable.

Because of boundary changes, the land area of Brighton expanded from 1,640 acres (7 km2) in 1854 to 14,347 acres (58 km2) in 1952. New housing estates were established in the acquired areas, including Moulsecoomb, Bevendean, Coldean and Whitehawk. The major expansion of 1928 also incorporated the villages of Patcham, Ovingdean and Rottingdean, and much council housing was built in parts of Woodingdean after the Second World War. In 1997, Brighton and Hove were joined to form the unitary authority of Brighton and Hove, which was granted city status by Queen Elizabeth II as part of the millennium celebrations in 2000.

(Wikipedia)

The Brighton Palace Pier, commonly known as Brighton Pier or the Palace Pier[a] is a Grade II* listed pleasure pier in Brighton, England, located in the city centre opposite the Old Steine. Opening in 1899, it was the third pier to be constructed in Brighton after the Royal Suspension Chain Pier and the West Pier, but is now the only one still in operation. It is managed and operated by the Eclectic Bar Group.

The Palace Pier was intended as a replacement for the Chain Pier, which collapsed in 1896 during construction. It quickly became popular, and had become a frequently-visited theatre and entertainment venue by 1911. Aside from closures owing to war, it continued to hold regular entertainment up to the 1970s. The theatre was damaged in 1973 and following a buy-out was demolished in 1986, changing the pier's character from seaside entertainment to an amusement park, with various fairground rides and roller coasters.

The pier remains popular with the public, with over four million visitors in 2016, and has been featured in many works of British culture, including the gangster thriller Brighton Rock, the comedy Carry On at Your Convenience and the Who's concept album and film Quadrophenia.

The pier entrance is opposite the southern end of the Old Steine (the A23 to London) where it meets the Marine Parade and Grand Junction Road which run along the seafront. It is 1,722 feet (525 m) long and contains 85 miles (137 km) of planking. Because of the pier's length, repainting it takes three months every year. At night, it is illuminated by 67,000 bulbs.

No. 14 and No. 27 buses run directly from Brighton railway station to the pier.

The pier was designed and constructed by R. St George Moore. It was the third in Brighton, following the Royal Suspension Chain Pier in 1823 and the West Pier in 1866. The inaugural ceremony for laying of the first pile was held on 7 November 1891, overseen by Mayor Samuel Henry Soper. A condition to be met by its builders, in exchange for permission to build, was that the Chain Pier was to be demolished as it had fallen into a state of disrepair. In 1896, a storm destroyed the remains of the Chain Pier, which narrowly avoided colliding with the new pier during its collapse. Some of its remaining parts, including the toll houses, were re-used for the new pier. A tram along the pier was in operation during construction, but it was dismantled two years after opening.

Work was mostly completed in 1899 and the pier was officially opened on 20 May by the Mayoress of Brighton. It was named the Brighton Marine Palace and Pier, whose name was inscribed into the pier's metalwork. It cost a record £27,000 (£3,062,000 in 2019) to build, including 3,000 lights to illuminate the pier. Part of the cost was repairs to the West Pier and the nearby Volk's Electric Railway caused by damage in the 1896 storm from the Chain Pier's debris. The pier was not fully complete on the opening date; some work on the pavilion was completed shortly afterwards. It was designed to resemble kursaals, which were entertainment buildings found near spas on the Continent, and included reading and dining rooms.

The pier was an immediate success and quickly became one of the most popular landmarks in Brighton. By 1911, the reading rooms had been converted into a theatre. Both Stan Laurel and Charlie Chaplin performed at the pier to hone their comic skills early in their career, before migrating to the US and finding major commercial success in Hollywood. During World War I, the sea surrounding the pier was extensively mined to prevent enemy attacks. In the 1920s, the pier was widened, and a distinctive clock tower was added.

During World War II, the pier was closed as a security precaution. A section of decking was removed in order to prevent access from an enemy landing. The pier regained its popularity after the war, and continued to run regular summer shows, including Tommy Trinder, Doris and Elsie Waters and Dick Emery.

The pier was listed at Grade II* on 20 August 1971. As of February 2001, it was one of 70 Grade II*-listed buildings and structures, and 1,218 listed buildings of all grades, in the city of Brighton and Hove.

During a storm in 1973, a 70-long-ton (71 t) barge moored at the pier's landing stage broke loose and began to damage the pier head, particularly the theatre. Despite fears that the pier would be destroyed, the storm eased and the barge was removed. The landing pier was demolished in 1975, and the damaged theatre was never used again, despite protests from the Theatres Trust.

The pier was sold to the Noble Organisation in 1984. The theatre was removed two years later, on the understanding that it would be replaced; however a domed amusement arcade was put in place instead. Consequently, the seaward end of the pier was filled with fairground rides, including thrill rides, children's rides and roller coasters. Entertainment continued to be popular at the pier; the Spice Girls made an early live performance there in 1996 and returned the following year after achieving commercial success.

On 13 August 1994, a bomb planted by the IRA near the pier was defused by a controlled explosion. A similar bomb by the same perpetrators had exploded in Bognor Regis on the same day. The bombing was intended to mark the 25th anniversary of the start of The Troubles. The pier was closed for several days owing to police investigation.

The pier was renamed as "Brighton Pier" in 2000, although this legal change was not recognised by the National Piers Society nor some residents of Brighton and Hove. The local newspaper, The Argus, continued to refer to the structure as the Palace Pier.

The Palace Pier caught fire on 4 February 2003 but damage was limited and most of the pier was able to reopen the next day. Police suspected arson.

In 2004, the Brighton Marine Palace Pier Company (owned by the Noble Organisation), admitted an offence of breaching public safety under the Health and Safety at Work Act and had to pay fines and costs of £37,000 after a fairground ride was operated with part of its track missing. A representative from the Health and Safety Executive said that inadequate procedures were to blame for the fact that nothing had been done to alert staff or passengers that the ride would be dangerous to use. The pier management came into criticism from Brighton and Hove City Council, who thought they were relying too much on fairground rides, some of which were being built too high.

In 2011, the Noble Organisation put the pier for sale, with an expected price of £30 million. It was rumoured that the council wanted to buy the pier, but this was quickly ruled out. It was taken off the market the following year, due to lack of interest in suitable buyers. In 2016, it was sold to the Eclectic Bar Group, headed by former PizzaExpress owner Luke Johnson, who renamed the pier back to Brighton Palace Pier in July.

The Palace Pier remains a popular tourist attraction into the 21st century, particularly with day visitors to the city. In contrast to the redevelopment and liberal culture in Brighton generally, it has retained a traditional down-market "bucket and spade" seaside atmosphere. In 2016, the Brighton Fringe festival director Julian Caddy criticised the pier as "a massive public relations problem".

The pier has featured regularly in British popular culture. It is shown prominently in the 1971 film, Carry on at Your Convenience, and it is shown to represent Brighton in several film and television features, including MirrorMask, The Persuaders, the Doctor Who serial The Leisure Hive (1980), the 1986 film Mona Lisa, and the 2007 film, Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street.

The Graham Greene novel Brighton Rock featured the Palace Pier. John Boulting's 1947 film adaptation helped established "low life" subculture in Brighton, and the climax of the film is set on it, where gangleader Pinkie Brown (played by Richard Attenborough) falls to his death. The 1953 B movie Girl on a Pier is set around the Palace Pier and also features the clash between holidaymakers and gangsters in Brighton. The Who's 1973 concept album Quadrophenia was inspired in part by band leader Pete Townshend spending a night underneath the pier in March 1964. It is a pivotal part of the album's plot, and features in the 1979 film. Townshend later said that the rest of the band understood this element of the story, as it related to their mod roots.

The 2014 novel The Bone Clocks by David Mitchell includes passages that take place on the pier. The 2015 British TV series, Cuffs, which takes place in Brighton features the pier, both in the opening theme as well as in parts of the story lines.

In 2015, Martyn Ware, founding member of pop group The Human League, made a series of field recordings on the pier as part of a project with the National Trust and British Library project to capture the sounds of Britain.

The pier was awarded the National Piers Society's Pier of the Year award in 1998.[4] In 2017, it was listed as the fourth most popular free attraction in Britain in a National Express survey.

In 2017, the pier was said to be the most visited tourist attraction outside London, with over 4.5 million visitors the previous year.

(Wikipedia)

Brighton [ˈbɹaɪtn] ist eine Stadt an der Küste des Ärmelkanals in der Grafschaft East Sussex und bildet zusammen mit dem unmittelbar angrenzenden Hove die Unitary Authority Brighton and Hove. Die Stadt ist das größte und bekannteste Seebad im Vereinigten Königreich. Die unabhängigen, aber räumlich zusammengewachsenen Gemeinden Brighton, Hove und Portslade schlossen sich 1997 zu Brighton & Hove zusammen, das im Jahr 2001 den Status einer City erhielt. Im Gegensatz zu den alten Cities verfügen sogenannte Millennium-Cities wie Brighton und Hove jedoch nicht über alle königlichen City-Privilegien, wie zum Beispiel einen Bischofssitz.

Auf dem Gebiet der späteren Stadt siedelten schon die Römer. Bei Ausgrabungen wurde eine römische Villa freigelegt. Die heutige Stadt Brighton geht auf eine angelsächsische Gründung aus dem 5. Jahrhundert zurück. In der ersten urkundlichen Erwähnung wird der Ort „Beorthelm’s-tun“ (town of Beorthelm) genannt, später „Bristemestune“ und im 16. Jahrhundert dann Brightelmstone, ehe der Ort 1660 erstmals Brighton geschrieben wird. Offiziell gilt dieser Name seit 1810.

1497 wurde ein erster Befestigungsturm in der Nähe des Ortes errichtet. Dennoch wurde das Fischerdorf im Jahr 1514 von der französischen Flotte während eines Krieges nach dem Treaty of Westminster (1511) zerstört und niedergebrannt. Der Ort wurde wieder aufgebaut und 1580 lebten 400 Fischer und 100 Bauern dort, mit ihren Familien also über 2000 Personen. Um 1660 soll Brighton sogar etwa 4.000 Einwohner gehabt haben, es war also keineswegs ein Dorf, wie mitunter behauptet wird. Im 17. Jahrhundert wurde der Fischfang, von dem die Bevölkerung überwiegend lebte, durch Kriege zwischen Franzosen und Holländern stark in Mitleidenschaft gezogen, da die Fischkutter oft nicht auslaufen konnten.

1703 und 1705 wurde der Ort durch schwere Stürme verwüstet. Es wurden nicht mehr alle zerstörten Häuser neu aufgebaut, denn die wirtschaftliche Krise hielt an, außerdem ging kontinuierlich Land entlang der Küste verloren, da es keine Deiche gab. Zu Anfang des 18. Jahrhunderts hatte Brighton nur noch etwa 1.500 Einwohner. 1750 veröffentlichte der Arzt Richard Russell aus Lewes eine Schrift über die gesundheitsfördernden Aspekte des Meerwassers, vor allem in Brighton. Er errichtete 1753 auf dem Grundstück Old Steine das damals größte Gebäude Brightons, in dem er wohnte und auch seine Patienten logierten, und schon bald machten sich wohlhabende Kranke auf den Weg an die Küste. Um 1780 entwickelte sich Brighton zu einem modischen Kurort. Diese Entwicklung wurde beschleunigt, als 1786 der junge Prinzregent (der spätere König George IV.) hier ein Landhaus kaufte, um den größten Teil seiner Freizeit dort zu verbringen. Er ließ es später zum exotisch aussehenden Royal Pavilion ausbauen, der bekanntesten Sehenswürdigkeit der Stadt. Er ähnelt von außen einem indischen Palast, während die Inneneinrichtung im Stil der Chinoiserie gehalten ist. Seit 1850 ist er im Besitz der Stadt.

Von 1770 bis 1795 wurden 635 neue Häuser in Brighton gebaut. Um 1820 wurden die Viertel Kemp Town und Brunswick Town errichtet. 1823 erhielt der Ort als ersten Pier den Chain pier, 1866 folgte der West Pier. Seit 1841 gab es eine Eisenbahnverbindung nach London. 1872 wurde ein großes Aquarium eingeweiht, damals eine internationale Attraktion. Aus Meyers Konversationslexikon von 1898 ist zu erfahren:

„Brighton hat drei Saisons im Lauf des Jahres. Im Mai und Juni ist es fast ausschließlich von den Familien der Londoner Kleinbürger (tradespeople) besucht, im Juli und August von Ärzten, Advokaten, Künstlern etc., und in den Herbst- und Wintermonaten, wenn es an der südlichen Seeküste sonnig warm ist, wimmelt es von Lords und Ladies, die vom Kontinent heimkehren. Die Zahl der Besucher, welche sich längere Zeit hier aufhalten, beträgt jährlich über 80.000“.

Im Jahre 1896 wurde Brighton Zielort eines der ältesten kontinuierlich ausgetragenen Autorennens der Welt, des heutigen London to Brighton Veteran Car Run. In diesem Rennen dürfen lediglich Fahrzeuge aus edwardianischer Zeit und den Urtagen der Automobilität teilnehmen, das heißt Fahrzeuge, die ein Baudatum vor dem Januar 1905 ausweisen können.

1930 wurden dann Deiche aufgeschüttet, um die Erosion durch den Seegang aufzuhalten. Während des Zweiten Weltkriegs wurde Brighton ebenso wie London von der deutschen Luftwaffe bombardiert. Über 5.000 Häuser wurden beschädigt oder zerstört.

Die Universität von Sussex wurde 1962 gegründet. Nachdem Brighton sein städtisches Polytechnikum „Universität“ nennt und die grafschaftliche Universität von East Sussex sich weit ab im Grünen, zwischen den Zivilgemeinden Stanmer und Falmer, aber noch auf Stadtgebiet von Brighton & Hove, niedergelassen hat, ist das Seebad auch eine Universitätsstadt mit zwei Universitäten geworden. Andererseits ist es auch ein hektischer Ferienort mit vielen Antiquitäten- und Buchläden, Restaurants und Spielhallen. Die Stadt wird manchmal auch London by the Sea genannt, wegen seiner Atmosphäre sowie wegen der großen Anzahl von Besuchern aus London, die vor allem an den Wochenenden und während der Sommerferien an die Küste strömen. Im Sommer beherbergt Brighton Tausende von jungen Menschen aus ganz Europa, die hier Sprachkurse belegen.

Im Kongresszentrum von Brighton findet fast alljährlich ein Parteitag einer der drei großen politischen Parteien statt. Am 12. Oktober 1984 explodierte im Grand Hotel eine Bombe der IRA; fünf Menschen starben. Die damalige Premierministerin Margaret Thatcher, die dort abgestiegen war, entkam nur knapp dem Attentat. Einer der Minister, Norman Tebbit, wurde leicht verletzt.

Im Jahr 1997 schlossen sich Brighton und die benachbarten Orte Portslade, Rottingdean und die Hove zu einer Stadt zusammen.

(Wikipedia)

Der Brighton Palace Pier (zuvor auch Brighton Marine Palace and Pier oder nur Palace Pier) ist eine Seebrücke (englisch pier) in Brighton, England. Sein Gegenstück war der inzwischen zerstörte und nur noch als Ruine erhaltene West Pier.

Der erste Pfahl wurde am 7. November 1891 gesetzt. Das Bauwerk wurde im Mai 1899 eröffnet.

Brighton Pier vom Ufer aus, 2006.

1973 wurde der Pier von einem Schiff beschädigt.

Das Theater wurde 1986 entfernt.

(Wikipedia)

The skies over Kelowna

Self developed Washi S sound recording film loaded into a Fed 3.

This is a hippo statue in the middle of my little town and it’s wearing a saddle. I reloaded an old 126 film cartridge with 35mm film and shot some pictures with this camera and seven others on the same roll.

Taken with my sixty-second camera.

Camera: Kodak Instamatic 104 (Camerosity code CAOO – 12/66)

Lens: Plastic 43mm Meniscus

Film: Agfa Photo Vista Plus 400 (expired 10/2018)

Shutter Speed: 1/90

Aperture: F/11

Date: March 7th, 2023, 12.25 p.m.

Location: Norris City, Illinois, U.S.A.

Developing Chemicals: Unicolor C-41

Water pre-soak: 1 minute at 102 degrees

Developer: 3 ½ minutes at 102 degrees

Water rinse: 2 minutes (to keep chemicals clean)

Blix: 6 ½ minutes at 102 degrees

Water rinse: 2 minutes at approx. 100 degrees

Stabilizer: 1 minute at room temperature

Water rinse: 2 minutes

Kodak Photo-Flo 200: 1 minute

Kodak 104 Vista Plus 400 2023 06iff

Holga 120 CFN

Fujifilm Neopan Acros 100 II

Home developed in Caffenol CM, 14 minutes

Epson V550 scan

Developed in Raw Photo Processor with P160NC output profile

Virtually "printed" with "Kodak Endura Glossy Paper" profile and grain effect applied in Dehancer plugin for Adobe Photoshop

Final color tweaks made in Adobe Photoshop

+++ DISCLAIMER +++

Nothing you see here is real, even though the conversion or the presented background story might be based on historical facts. BEWARE!

Some background:

The Douglas A-4 Skyhawk is a single-seat subsonic carrier-capable light attack aircraft developed for the United States Navy and United States Marine Corps in the early 1950s. The delta-winged, single turbojet-engined Skyhawk was designed and produced by Douglas Aircraft Company, and later by McDonnell Douglas. It was originally designated A4D under the U.S. Navy's pre-1962 designation system.

While in service, the Thai Skyhawks soon suffered from frequent maintenance issues and a low availability rate, since replacement parts for the reliable yet old J65 engine became more and more difficult to obtain. At times, half of the A-4LT fleet had to remain grounded because of engine problems. In consequence, the Thai Skyhawks were in the mid-Nineties supplemented by fourteen Vought A-7E Corsairs (plus four two-seaters) in the coastal defense, sea patrol and anti-shipping role. In 1999, they were retired and replaced by Royal Thai Air Force F-16s.

General characteristics:

Crew: one

Length: 40 ft 3 in (12.29 m)

Wingspan: 26 ft 6 in (8.38 m)

Height: 15 ft (4.57 m)

Wing area: 259 ft² (24.15 m²)

Airfoil: NACA 0008-1.1-25 root, NACA 0005-0.825-50 tip

Empty weight: 9,146 lb (4,152 kg)

Loaded weight: 18,300 lb (8,318 kg)

Max. takeoff weight: 24,500 lb (11,136 kg)

Powerplant:

1× Curtiss-Wright J65-W-20 turbojet with 8,200 lbf (36 kN)

Performance:

Maximum speed: 575 kn (661 mph, 1,064 km/h)

Range: 1,700 nmi (2,000 mi, 3,220 km)

Combat radius: 625 nmi, 1,158 km

Service ceiling: 42,250 ft (12,880 m)

Rate of climb: 8,440 ft/min (43 m/s)

Wing loading: 70.7 lb/ft² (344.4 kg/m²)

Thrust/weight: 0.51

g-limit: +8/-3 g

Armament:

2× 20 mm (0.79 in) Colt Mk. 12 cannons in the wing roots, 100 RPG

Total effective payload of up to 7,700 lb (3,500 kg) on five hardpoints

- 1× Centerline: 3,500 lb capability

- 2× Inboard wing: 2,200 lb capability each

- 2× Outboard wing: 1,000 lb capability each

The kit and its assembly:

I originally had this project stashed away for the upcoming "1 Week Group Build" at whatifmodelers.com in June 2020, but since the current "In the Navy" GB had some days to go (and even received a two week extension) I decided to tackle this build on short notice.

The original idea was simply to build an A-4L, a modernized A-4C for the USN Reserve units, but similar machines had also been exported to Malaysia. For the naval theme I came across the Royal Thai Navy and its A-7E Corsairs - and from that the idea of a Skyhawk predecessor from the Eighties was born.

Instead of an A-4C (Fujimi does one in 1:72, but it's a rare kit) I based my build upon the nice Airfix A-4B/Q kit. Its biggest difference is the shorter nose, so that I decided to modify this "flaw" first and added a pointed radome instead of the usual blunt Skyhawk nose; not certain where it came from – it looks very Sea-Harrier-ish, but it’s actually the tip of a large drop tank (Italeri Tornado?). Nevertheless, this small change created a weird look, even more so with the black paint added to it later.

Further additions and mods are a dorsal avionics bulge from an Italeri A-4M, a scratched kinked refueling probe (made from wire and white glue, the early Skyhawks had straight probes but this would certainly interfere with the new radar in the nose), a brake parachute fairing under the tail (scratched, too, from sprue material) and additional antennae under the nose and behind the cockpit. Nothing fancy, rather details from more modern Skyhawk versions.

The AGM-65 Maverick missiles and their respective launch rails came from an Italeri Saab 39 Gripen, the drop tank on the ventral pylon is OOB.

Painting and markings:

This was a tough decision. The Thai Corsairs as primary (and historically later) benchmark carried a standard USN grey/white high-viz livery, even though with small roundels. There were also VTOL Harriers (former Spanish Matadors) operated for a short period by the Thai navy on board of the multi-purpose carrier HTMS Chakri Naruebet, which wore a darker two-tone grey livery, pretty boring, too. I rather wanted something more exciting (if not exotic), a more modern wraparound scheme, suited for both overwater and high-altitude duties. That brought me to the Thai F-5Ts (a.k.a. Tigris), which carried - among others - a quite unique US export/aggressor scheme in three shades of light grey, including FS 35414, which looked like a pale turquoise on these machines. I furthermore took inspiration by early Indonesian A-4s, which also carried an US export scheme, nicknamed "Grape", which included darker shades of blue, blue-gray and the bright FS 35414, too.

I eventually settled upon a compromise between these two liveries and tried to adapt the standard F-5 aggressor camouflage pattern for the A-4, made up from FS 36440 (Light Gull Grey), 35164 (Intermediate Blue) and 35414 (Light Blue). Current Thai L-39 Albatros trainers seem to carry a similar livery, even though I am not certain about the tones that are actually used.

The basic enamel paints I used are Humbrol 129 and 144, and for the greenish Light Blue I used "Fulcrum Grey Green" from Modelmaster (#2134), a tone that is quite greenish but markedly darker and more dull than e.g. Humbrol 65, so that the color would not stand out brightly from the other greys and better fit between them. Worked quite well.

The inside of the slats as well as of the air brakes on the flanks were painted in bright red (Humbrol 19), while the landing gear and the interior of the air intake were painted in white (Humbrol 130). The cockpit was painted in a bluish mid grey (Revell 57).

After basic overall painting, the model received the usual light black ink washing and some post-panel-shading, for a lightly used/weathered look.

Most decals/markings come from a Thai Harrier (from an Italeri AV-8A kit), some other markings and stencils were puzzled together from the scrap box, e.g. from a USN F-5E aggressor and from a Peruvian Mirage 2000. Some additional details like the black gun soot areas on the wing roots or the fine white lines on the radome were created with generic decal sheet material.

Finally, the kit received an overall coat of matt acrylic varnish, except for the radome, which became semi-gloss.

As intended, this build was realized in just a couple of days - and I am positively surprised how good the Skyhawk looks in its unusual, if not exotic colors! This fictional livery certainly looks different from a potential standard USN grey/white outfit, and more exciting than a dull grey-in-grey livery. And it’s so weird that it even adds some credibility to this whiffy aircraft model. 😉

There are a few comparisons that can be made between chess and shooting a roll of film. Both take development....move by move, frame by frame, each seems to take on a life of it's own. Sometimes because of the player/photographer....and sometimes in spite of.

You cannot read a book on chess and expect to get markedly better without playing....a lot. In the same vein, you cannot simply read books about photography and expect to get better without making photographs....a lot.

It has been said that there are more possible chess games than there are atoms in the observable universe....is it possible that are are even more possible photographs to be made?

Chess and photography both take thought, attention to detail, and creativity. See moves/composition in your head, then try and envision the returns. You think you see one thing....often the results are much different. Blunders on the boards, or in the developed frame. Providing a very gratifying sense of accomplishment, while also be utterly frustrating.

A lot of parallels to be drawn between a game of chess and working through a roll of film.

Image with my Hasselblad 500cm

Sheffield Park Garden is an informal landscape garden five miles east of Haywards Heath, in East Sussex, England. It was originally laid out in the 18th century by Capability Brown, and further developed in the early years of the 20th century's by its then owner, Arthur Gilstrap Soames. It is now owned by the National Trust.

History[edit]

The gardens originally formed part of the estate of the adjacent Sheffield Park House, a gothic country house, which is still in private ownership. It was also firstly owned by the West Family and later by the Soames family until in 1925 the estate was sold by Arthur Granville Soames, who had inherited it from his childless uncle, Arthur Gilstrap Soames.

Sheffield Park as an estate is mentioned in the Domesday Book. In August 1538, Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, entertained Henry VIII here. By 1700, the Deer Park had been partially formalised by Lord De La Warr who planted avenues of trees radiating from the house and cleared areas to establish lawns. In the late 1700s, James Wyatt remodelled the house in the fashionable Gothic style and Capability Brown was commissioned to landscape the garden. The original four lakes form the centrepiece. Humphry Repton followed Brown in 1789–1790. In 1796, the estate was sold to John Holroyd, created Baron Sheffield in 1781. It is particularly noted for its plantings of trees selected for autumn colour, including many Black Tupelos.

Rhododendron in Sheffield Park Garden

By 1885, an arboretum was being established, consisting of both exotic and native trees. After Arthur Gilstrap Soames purchased the estate in 1910, he continued large-scale planting. During World War II the house and garden became the headquarters for a Canadian armoured division, and Nissen huts were sited in the garden and woods. The estate was split up and sold in lots in 1953. The National Trust purchased approximately 40 ha in 1954, now up to 80 ha with subsequent additions. It is home to the National Collection of Ghent azaleas.

In 1876 the third Earl of Sheffield laid out a cricket pitch. It was used on 12 May 1884 for the first cricket match between England and Australia.[1] The Australian team won by an innings and 6 runs

wikipedia

Miranda Auto Sensorex EE

Miranda Auto 50mm f/1.4

Fujicolor Superia 200, expired 2015

Home developed in Unicolor/Argentix

Scanned with Pakon F135

My first self developed film which just happens to be 120 lomography earl grey 100 loaded into a box brownie, you are welcome😄

Amphibious develops through a live process called "metamorphosis" :egg, tadpole, toad. These amphibians have been around in our planet for around 370 million years and I happened to meet this one, metamorphosis clear, hiking along the edge of a river.

Photographic description:

Camera: panasonic lumix tz30

Mode: macro/tele

Aperture: f 6.4

Focus: Manual

Shutter Speed: 1/60

Flash: no

Tripod: no

HDR: not possible with this camera.

ISO: 100

WB: auto

Exposure mode: program AE

Lens: leica

Focal length: 86mm

After treatment: fix WB and SS in PS.

Developed using darktable 3.6.0

In 1964, Ford developed the 427 cubic-inch V8 engine specifically to compete in NASCAR. This engine was part of Ford’s effort to dominate stock car racing and was introduced in the Ford Galaxie and other race models. The 427 V8 was designed to provide maximum performance, with up to 425 horsepower in its most powerful configuration, and was paired with a 4-barrel carburetor and a high-performance camshaft to optimize power output at high RPMs.

The 427 engine featured a wide-block design, and its development was crucial for Ford to compete against rival manufacturers like Chevrolet and Chrysler, who were also developing powerful engines for NASCAR at the time. Ford's 427 V8 was a success in racing, helping to elevate Ford's presence in NASCAR during the early 1960s, although its use in production cars was somewhat limited.

Ford's 427 engine became legendary for its power, performance, and reliability in both racing and street applications. It’s still considered one of the great American performance engines of the muscle car era.

#Ford427 #NASCAR #FordPerformance #ClassicFord #V8Power #FordRacing #427V8 #AmericanMuscle #RaceEngines #FordHistory #MuscleCarLegends #1964Ford

Developed jointly by Stanford University and NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala., Gravity Probe B (GP-B) was a scientific mission intended to test Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity, which predicted that both space and time are distorted by the presence of massive objects. Marshall was in charge of overall project management while Stanford was responsible for mission conception, design, integration of the science instrument, as well as mission operations and data analysis. GP-B was launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. Atop a Boeing Delta II rocket on April 20, 2004.

Image credit: NASA

Original image:

www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/history/gpb_launch_140422.html

More Marshall history images:

www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/history/gallery/marshall_hi...

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These official NASA photographs are being made available for publication by news organizations and/or for personal use printing by the subject(s) of the photographs. The photographs may not be used in materials, advertisements, products, or promotions that in any way suggest approval or endorsement by NASA. All Images used must be credited. For information on usage rights please visit: www.nasa.gov/audience/formedia/features/MP_Photo_Guidelin...