View allAll Photos Tagged Database,
any database design hints or help? how does this look?
big questions: i want more than one person (artist, technician, teacher) for each recording to be linked to the people table, but it says the link already exists. can i ignore that and just design it into the site?
can folktunes_places:parent link to folktunes_places:id ? (it doesn't want to) ...... and instrument (i want places and instuments to be subcategories) do i have to make new tables?
This diagram shows two data base tables that are a preliminary to doing a practice project that I'm describing.
plaster cast of a gem - Oxford; Beazley Gem database
www.beazley.ox.ac.uk/databases/gems.htm
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My wife called me the biggest dork she ever meet when I told her "that building looks like a database". Sure enough, its the Oracle building.
Feel free to use for whatever purposes you like, but please give attribution to www.jamescharlesworth.com
Organize some events like online seminar or contests on your website. It will draw huge crowd if you are providing something useful and to get it people don't mind going through a brief registration process which includes submitting their email address.
we have many Fresh email databases for you need.
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How to check MySQL storage engine type on Linux
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img.youtube.com/vi/T8GMjmyPWe8/0.jpg
How to Connect SQL Database to C# in 2008 2010 and 2013 Complete Code With Class
www.saqibsomal.com/c-sharp/how-to-connect-sql-database-to...
How to migrate MySQL to MariaDB on Linux
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Yes, you can build a PC case out of LEGO. Just make sure that you get everything grounded. Having lots of windows and light on the inside? That's just over the top.
Format: Postcard, photo mechanical print.
Rights Info: No known restrictions on publication.
Part Of: Powerhouse Museum Collection
General information about the Powerhouse Museum Collection is available at www.powerhousemuseum.com/collection/database
Persistent URL: www.powerhousemuseum.com/collection/database/?irn=427438
Acquisition credit line: Gift of Elizabeth Bullard, 1967
How to migrate MySQL to MariaDB on Linux
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Shreveport is the third-largest city and the principal city of the third largest metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Louisiana, as well as being the 99th-largest city in the United States.[1][2][3] It is the seat of Caddo Parish[4] and extends slightly into neighboring Bossier Parish. Bossier City is separated from Shreveport by the Red River. The population was 200,145 at the 2000 census, and the Shreveport-Bossier City Metropolitan Area population exceeds 375,000.[5]
Shreveport was founded in 1836 by the Shreve Town Company, a corporation established to develop a town at the juncture of the newly navigable Red River and the Texas Trail, an overland route into the newly independent Republic of Texas and, prior to that time, into Mexico.[6]
Shreveport is the commercial and cultural center of the Ark-La-Tex, the area where Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas meet. Many people in the community refer to the two cities of Shreveport and Bossier City as "Shreveport-Bossier".
The Shreve Town Company was established to launch a town at the meeting point of the Red River and the Texas Trail. The Red River was cleared and made newly navigable by Captain Henry Miller Shreve, who commanded the United States Army Corps of Engineers. A 180-mile (289 km) long natural logjam, the Great Raft, had previously obstructed passage to shipping. Shreve used a specially modified riverboat, the Heliopolis, to remove the logjam. The company and the village of Shreve Town were named in Shreve''''''''''''''''s honor.[7]
Shreve Town was originally contained within the boundaries of a section of land sold to the company by the indigenous Caddo Indians in the year of 1835. In 1838, Caddo Parish was created from the large Natchitoches Parish (pronounced "NACK-a-tish") and Shreve Town became the parish seat. Shreveport remains the parish seat of Caddo Parish today. On March 20, 1839, the town was incorporated as "Shreveport." Originally, the town consisted of sixty-four city blocks, created by eight streets running west from the Red River and eight streets running south from Cross Bayou, one of its tributaries.
Shreveport soon became a center of steamboat commerce, mostly cotton and agricultural crops. Shreveport also had a slave market, though slave trading was not as widespread as in other parts of the state. Both slaves and freedmen worked on the river steamboats which plied the Red River, and as stevedores loading and unloading cargo. By 1860, Shreveport had a free population of 2,200 and 1,300 slaves within the city limits.
During the American Civil War, Shreveport was capital of Louisiana (1863-1865). The city was a Confederate stronghold and was the site of the headquarters of the Trans-Mississippi Department of the Confederate Army. Isolated from events in the east, the Civil War continued in the Trans-Mississippi theater for several weeks after Robert E. Lee''''''''''''''''s surrender in April 1865, and the Trans-Mississippi was the last Confederate Command to surrender (May 26, 1865). Confederate President Jefferson Davis attempted to flee to Shreveport when he left Richmond but was captured in Georgia en route.
The Red River, opened by Shreve in the 1830s, remained navigable until 1914 when disuse, owing to the rise of the railroad, again resulted in the river becoming unnavigable. In 1994, navigability was restored by the Army Corps of Engineers with the completion of a series of lock-and-dam structures and a navigation channel. Today, Shreveport-Bossier City is again being developed as a port and shipping center.
By the 1910s, Huddie William Ledbetter - also known as "Leadbelly" (1889-1949), a blues singer and guitarist who eventually achieved worldwide fame - was performing for Shreveport audiences in St. Paul''''''''''''''''s Bottoms, the notorious red light district of Shreveport which operated legally from 1903 to 1917. Ledbetter began to develop his own style of music after exposure to a variety of musical influences on Shreveport''''''''''''''''s Fannin Street, a row of saloons, brothels, and dance halls in the Bottoms.
Shreveport was also home to the "Louisiana Hayride" radio program, broadcast weekly from the Municipal Auditorium. During its heyday from 1948 to 1960, this program spawned the careers of some of the greatest names in American music. The Hayride featured names such as Hank Williams, Sr. and Elvis Presley (who got his start at this venue).
In 1963, headlines across the country reported that Sam Cooke was arrested after his band tried to register at a “whites only” Holiday Inn in Shreveport.[8] In the months following, Cooke recorded the civil rights era song, A Change Is Gonna Come.
The coming of riverboat gambling to Shreveport in the mid-1990s spurred a revitalization of the downtown and riverfront areas. Many downtown streets were given a facelift through the "Streetscape" project, where brick sidewalks and crosswalks were built and statues, sculptures, and mosaics were added. The Texas Street Bridge was lit with neon lights, that were met with a variety of opinions among residents.[9]
Shreveport was named an All-American City in 1953, 1979, and 1999.[10]
Shreveport''''''''''''''''s landscape sits on a low elevation overlooking the Red River. Pine forests, cotton fields, wetlands, and waterways mark the outskirts of the city.
Shreveport has a humid subtropical climate (Koppen climate classification Cfa). Rainfall is abundant with the normal annual rain just over 51 inches (1.3 m), with monthly averages ranging less than 3 inches (76 mm) in August to more than 5 inches (130 mm) in May and June. Severe thunderstorms with heavy rain, hail damaging winds and tornadoes occur in the area during the spring. The winter months are normally mild with an average of 39 days of freezing or below-freezing temperatures per year, though ice and sleet storms do occur. Summer months are very warm and humid, with maximum temperatures exceeding 95 degrees about 32 days per year, with high to very high relative average humidity sometimes exceeding the 90 percent level.
Founded in 1836 and incorporated in 1839, Shreveport is the parish seat of Caddo Parish. It is part of the First Judicial District, housing the Parish courthouse. It also houses the Louisiana Second Circuit Court of Appeal, which consists of nine elected judges representing twenty parishes in northwest Louisiana. A portion of east Shreveport extends into Bossier Parish due to the changing course of the Red River.
The city of Shreveport has a mayor-council government. The elected municipal officials include the mayor, Cedric Glover, and seven members of the city council. Glover, a former member of the Louisiana House of Representatives, is the first African American to hold the position. Shreveport became a majority black city in the 2000 census.
Under the mayor-council government, the mayor serves as the executive officer of the city. As the city''''''''''''''''s chief administrator and official representative, the mayor is responsible for the general management of the city and for seeing that all laws and ordinances are enforced.
Shreveport was once a major player in United States oil business and at one time could boast Standard Oil of Louisiana as a locally based company. The Louisiana branch was later absorbed by Standard Oil of New Jersey. In the 1980s, the oil and gas industry suffered a large economic downturn, and many companies cut back jobs or went out of business, including a large retail shopping mall, South Park Mall, which closed in the late 1990s and is now Summer Grove Baptist Church. Shreveport suffered severely from this recession, and many residents left the area.
Today the city has largely transitioned to a service economy. In particular, the area has seen a rapid growth in the gaming industry, hosting various riverboat gambling casinos, and was second only to New Orleans in Louisiana tourism before Hurricane Katrina. Nearby Bossier City is home to one of the three horse racetracks in the state, Harrah''''''''''''''''s Louisiana Downs. Casinos in Shreveport-Bossier include Sam''''''''''''''''s Town Casino, Eldorado Casino, Horseshoe Casino, Boomtown Casino, and Diamond Jacks Casino (formerly Isle of Capri). The Shreveport-Bossier Convention & Tourist Bureau is the official tourism information agency for the region. The bureau maintains a comprehensive database of restaurants, accommodations, attractions and events.
In May 2005, the Louisiana Boardwalk, a 550,000 square foot (51,000 m²) shopping and entertainment complex, opened across the Red River in Bossier City, featuring outlet shopping, several restaurants, a 14-screen movie theater, a bowling complex, and a Bass Pro Shops.
A new 350,000-square-foot (33,000 m2) convention center was recently completed in downtown Shreveport. It includes an 800-space parking garage. An adjoining 12-story Hilton Hotel opened in early June 2007. The city''''''''''''''''s direct construction and ownership of the Hilton Hotel has been a controversial issue as to the proper use of public funds. The site is managed by Hilton Hotels. The Shreveport Convention Center is managed by SMG.
Shreveport is also a major medical center of the region and state. The Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport operates at expanded facilities once used by the former Confederate Memorial Medical Center. Major hospitals include Christus Schumpert, Willis Knighton, and Shriners Hospital for Children.
As of November 2008, the recent excitement about the Haynesville Shale has been a boon to Shreveport and the surrounding areas. Many new jobs in the natural gas industry are expected to be created over the next few years and local residents are enjoying large bonuses for signing mineral rights leases up to $25,000 per acre. However, the recent economic turndown has resulted in a lower market price for natural gas and slower-than-expected drilling activity. The city itself stands to profit by leasing the mineral rights on public lands in the near future as neighboring municipalities have already done.
Tax incentives offered by the state government have given Louisiana the third largest film industry in the country, behind California and New York, and lead to its nickname of "Hollywood South."[14] Shreveport is no exception and has seen a number of films made in the city. Facilities include sound stages, the State Fair of Louisiana Fairgrounds Complex, and the Louisiana Wave Studio, a computer-controlled outdoor wave pool.[15]
Selected movies shot in Shreveport include:
* The Guardian (2006): Ashton Kutcher and Kevin Costner
* Not Like Everyone Else (2006) (TV Movie)
* Factory Girl (2006): Sienna Miller and Guy Pierce
* Mr. Brooks (2007): Kevin Costner, William Hurt, and Demi Moore
* Blonde Ambition (2007): Jessica Simpson
* Cleaner (2007): Samuel L. Jackson
* The Mist (2007): Thomas Jane, Toby Jones, and Marcia Gay Harden
* The Last Lullaby (2007): Tom Sizemore
* Wonderful World (2007): Matthew Broderick
* Welcome Home Roscoe Jenkins (2008): Michael Clarke Duncan and Martin Lawrence
* The Longshots (2008): Ice Cube, Keke Palmer, and Fred Durst
* Disaster Movie (2008): Vanessa Minillo, Matt Lanter, and Kim Kardashian
* The Year One (2008): Jack Black and Michael Cera
* W. (2008): Josh Brolin, Richard Dreyfuss, and James Cromwell
* Deadly Exchange (2009): John McTiernan
* I Hope They Serve Beer in Hell (2009): Matt Czuchry, Jesse Bradford, and Geoff Stults
Shreveport and Bossier City share an af2 arena football team, the Bossier-Shreveport Battle Wings, as well as a Central Hockey League team, the Bossier-Shreveport Mudbugs.
Baseball in Shreveport has an extensive past. The current team is a Minor League Baseball team known as the Shreveport-Bossier Captains. Baseball teams in Shreveport have gone through 8 different name changes and 7 different leagues all since 1895.
Shreveport''''''''''''''''s rugby team, the Shreveport Rugby Football Club, was founded in 1977 and participates in the Texas Rugby Football Union.
Shreveport is the home of the Shreveport Aftershock of the Independent Women''''''''''''''''s Football League. The Aftershock play in the Midsouth Division of the Eastern Conference of the IWFL. The home field for the Aftershock is Independence Stadium.[18]
Shreveport had an expansion team of the defunct World Football League, the Shreveport Steamer, in 1974. They played in State Fair Stadium (now known as Independence Stadium) from September 1974 until October 1975. The Steamer were originally the Houston Texans and moved to Shreveport in September 1974. In 1974 they had a record of 7-12-1 and in 1975 5-7. Shreveport also had a Canadian Football League football team in the mid-1990s known as the Shreveport Pirates. Bernard Glieberman, a Detroit real estate developer, owned the Ottawa Rough Riders and in 1994, sold the team and then purchased the expansion franchise that ultimately wound up in Shreveport. He was allowed to take a handful of Ottawa players with him, including quarterback Terrence Jones. However, the Pirates were another American CFL team that ultimately became unsuccessful. Their first victory did not come until the 15th week of their initial season, and in 1995, all their victories were against Canadian teams. By 1996 the team had folded up.
Shreveport is the birthplace of several football stars. Terry Bradshaw, a former quarterback for Louisiana Tech University and the Pittsburgh Steelers, Joe Ferguson, former quarterback for the Buffalo Bills, Jacob Hester, a running back for the 2007 NCAA National Champions LSU; Josh Booty, a former shortstop for the Florida Marlins and former quarterback for the Cleveland Browns and Oakland Raiders and his younger brother John David Booty, quarterback for USC. Tommy Spinks was a Bradshaw teammate early in their career at Louisiana Tech.
Shreveport was also mentioned as a potential city to house the NFL''''''''''''''''s New Orleans Saints in 2005 after Hurricane Katrina. It was passed over in favor of the much larger San Antonio and Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge. The Saints did play a game in Shreveport against the Dallas Cowboys during the 2006 NFL preseason.
Shreveport has hosted the NCAA postseason Independence Bowl since 1976. [1]
Barksdale Air Force Base is located in Bossier Parish across the river from Shreveport, which donated the land for its construction in the 1920s. Named for pioneer army aviator Lt. Eugene Hoy Barksdale and originally called Barksdale Army Air Field, it opened in 1933 and became Barksdale Air Force Base in 1947. Headquartered here are the 8th Air Force, 2d Bomb Wing, and 917th Wing. The primary plane housed here is the Boeing B52 Stratofortress. In earlier years, the base was the home to other famous planes, including the B-47.
Shreveport is home to the 2-108th Cavalry Squadron, the reconnaissances element of the 256th Infantry Brigade. Three of the squadron''''''''''''''''s four cavalry troops are located at 400 East Stoner Avenue in a historic armory known as "Fort Humbug".
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shreveport,_Louisiana">en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shreveport,_Louisiana</a>
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Professor Mohammad Taghi Roohani Rankoohi teaching "Principles of Database Design" in his class in Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) in Shahid Beheshti University (National University of Iran) on the day before his 63rd birthday, Wednesday, April 21, 2010.
استاد محمدتقی روحانی رانکوهی در حال تدریس "اصول طراحی پایگاه های داده ها" در دانشکده مهندسی برق و کامپیوتر دانشگاه شهید بهشتی (دانشگاه ملی ایران) یک روز قبل از شصت و سومین سالروز تولدشان در روز چهارشنبه اول اردیبهشت 1389.
تمام حقوق محفوظ است ©
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20200717_Balou_SmilingAtMeIsBalouHere
BACONSTHORPE 1914 - 1919
After doing my research, I found that the Roll of Honour site (RoH) has also done research on the memorials for those who died.
www.roll-of-honour.com/Norfolk/Baconsthorpe.html
William Barnes……………Died
No obvious match on the CWGC database - I found a Canadian soldier who’s parents are recorded as living at Cley, but his parents first names are different to those recorded below. Otherwise there are too many W \William Barnes with no age or additional information, at least two of which served with the Norfolk Regiment and so probably had a connection with the county. The Roll of Honour site was also unable to identifiy this individual.
No match on Norlink
The 1901 Census has an 8 year old William, (born Langham) recorded at School Lane, Baconsthorpe, This is the household of his parents, Matthew. (aged 40 and a Yardman on Farm from Langham), and Martha, (aged 44 and from Langham). Their other children are:-
Ephraim…….aged 24...born Langham……Agricultural Labourer
Ernest……….aged 6.…born Calthorpe
Florence,,,,,,,,,aged 15...born Langham
Frederic……..aged 1,,,,,born
George………aged u/1..born Baconsthorpe
Henry………aged 11.….born Langham
Matthew……aged 10.…born Langham
Fortunately I had also taken a walk round the churchyard, and although large parts had been fenced off, one headstone caught my eye.
In loving memory of Martha Elizabeth,
The beloved wife of Matthew Barnes,
Died October 7th 1914
Aged 57 years,
Also William Barnes son of the above
2nd Norfolk Regiment
Who fell in battle in Mesopotamia
April 12th 1916, aged 23 years
That leads us to this man
Name: BARNES Initials: W Nationality: United Kingdom Rank: Private Regiment/Service: Norfolk Regiment Unit Text: 2nd Bn. Date of Death: 11/04/1916 Service No: 19471 Casualty Type: Commonwealth War Dead Grave/Memorial Reference: XXII. B. 16. Cemetery: AMARA WAR CEMETERY
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=627383
Note the discrepancy of a day in the date of death between the headstone and the CWGC entry.
The Siege of Kut
During the siege of Kut which lasted for 5 months aircraft were first used to try and drop supplies to the garrison. The aircraft could not carry enough supplies some were shot down and the attempt ended in failure. The Turks used aircraft more successfully in bombing the town, many troops having been wounded were then killed in hospital by an air raid. Several attempts were made to break out across the river on floating bridges, but as the river was in flood at this time of the year the attempts failed. Radio contact with the outside world was kept up until the end.
Towards the end of the siege the daily ration for British troops was reduced to ten ounces of bread and one pound of horse or mule flesh. Indian troops who refused to eat flesh were dying of scurvy at the rate of 10 to 20 a day. In all 1746 people died during the siege from wounds or disease.
Kut falls
On 29 April 1916 Kut surrendered to the Turks. After agreeing terms, Townshend marched his troops out into captivity, and certain death for most of them.
www.stephen-stratford.co.uk/pte_wilby.htm
Richard Cletheroe………….Died
Name: CLETHEROE, ARTHUR WILLIAM RICHARD
Rank: Private
Regiment: Norfolk Regiment Unit Text: 1st/5th Bn.
Age: 21 Date of Death: 19/04/1917
Service No: 240202
Additional information: Son of Arthur Edward and Alice Ann Cletheroe, of Baconsthorpe Hall, Norfolk.
Grave/Memorial Reference: XXIII. C. 2. Cemetery: GAZA WAR CEMETERY
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=649742
There is a picture of Arthur in the Norlink Archive.
norlink.norfolk.gov.uk/02_Catalogue/02_013_PictureTitleIn...
The accompanying notes read:-
Born at Bodham, 10th March 1896, Private Cletheroe was from Baconsthorpe Hall. He was educated at Baconsthorpe and enlisted 5th August 1914. He was killed at the Battle of Gaza in Palestine, 19th April 1917 and buried at Gaza Military Cemetery.
The 1901 Census has the 5 year old Richard, (Born Bodham), recorded at Baconsthorpe, (no specific address). This is the household of his uncle, Stephen Cletheroe, (aged 45 and a farmer from Baconsthorpe), and aunt, Maria, (aged 44 and from Thornage). Richard doesn’t appear to be on the 1911 census, although Stephen and Maria are.
19th April 1917 During the 2nd Battle of Gaza,
Facing the Tank Redoubt was the 161st Brigade of the 54th Division. To their right were the two Australian battalions (1st and 3rd) of the Imperial Camel Corps Brigade who had dismounted about 4,000 yards from their objective. As the infantry went in to attack at 7.30am they were joined by a single tank called "The Nutty" which attracted a lot of shell fire. The tank followed a wayward path towards the redoubt on the summit of a knoll where it was fired on point blank by four field guns until it was stopped and set alight in the middle of the position.
The infantry and the 1st Camel Battalion, having suffered heavy casualties on their approach, now made a bayonet charge against the trenches. About 30 "Camels" and 20 of the British infantry (soldiers of the 5th (territorial Battalion of the Norfolk Regiment) reached the redoubt, then occupied by around 600 Turks who immediately broke and fled towards their second line of defences to the rear.
The British and Australians held on unsupported for about two hours by which time most had been wounded. With no reinforcements at hand and a Turkish counter-attack imminent, the survivors endeavoured to escape back to their own lines.
To the right (west) of Tank Redoubt, the 3rd Camel Battalion, advancing in the gap between two redoubts, actually made the furthest advance of the battle, crossing the Gaza-Beersheba Road and occupying a pair of low hills (dubbed "Jack" and "Jill"). As the advances on their flanks faltered, the "Camels" were forced to retreat to avoid being isolated.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Gaza
More than a thousand one hundred of the men of the 54th posted killed wounded or missing were from the two Norfolk regiment battalions, equating to 75% of their strength. Eastern Daily Press "Sunday" section May 5, 2007
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Gaza
George Cooper…………….Died
Norlink has a potential match in a George Alfred Cooper born Alby, who served in the Royal Berkshire Regiment.
norlink.norfolk.gov.uk/02_Catalogue/02_013_PictureTitleIn...
The accompanying notes read
Born at Alby, 8th May 1893, Private Cooper enlisted in September 1914. He was killed in action Festubert, France, 5th January 1915.
There is a George born Baconsthorpe circa 1892 and still resident in the same district on the 1911 Census.. There is no George Cooper born Alby - just a Charles D, born circa 1892, and a Jonathan, born circa 1895 on the 1911 census, However there is one born circa 1894 on the 1901 Census, so looks like the Norlink picture is for a different person.
The 1901 Census has a George R Cooper, aged 9 and born Baconsthorpe, recorded at Baconsthorpe, (no specific address). This is the household of his parents, James, (aged 43 and a farmer from Upper Sheringham), and Phyllis, (aged 48 and from Baconsthorpe). Their other children are:
Phyllis………..aged 15.…..born Baconsthorpe
Richard F…….aged 19.…..born Baconsthorpe…..Teamster on Farm
The CWGC has 5 G R Coopers recorded, all of which can be fairly safely eliminated - the two shown as George R have parents with different names. Of the three simply shown as as G.R,, two, an officer in the Royal Berks who died in 1916 and a private in the Coldstream Guards who died in 1918, do not appear on the Great War Roll of Honour under the first name George. The final candidate, another G R with no age or additional details, was a Lance Bombardier in the Royal Garrison Artillery who died in 1919. He is buried at Royton, Lancashire in the UK. I would have thought it more likely that he would have been returned to his hometown - I’m not an authority on the UK military forces, but I can’t think of many military bases round there, and a quick scan of the 38 other records for this cemetery indicates that nearly all have an obvious link with the Royton\Oldham area and the WW1 burials come from a wide variety of units..
That unfortunately leaves us with a large number of G. Coopers on the CWGC database,
Postscript. The Roll of Honour site believes it is possibly this individual.
Name: COOPER, GEORGE
Rank: Private Regiment/Service: Norfolk Regiment Unit Text: 1st Bn.
Age: 27 Date of Death: 25/05/1918 Service No: 17401
Additional information: Son of Charles and Harriet Cooper, of North Barningham, Norfolk.
Memorial Reference: Panel 3. Memorial: PLOEGSTEERT MEMORIAL
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1641963
However, as we can see, parents names are different to the individual on the census.
Fred Dew……………….Died
Name: DEW, FREDERICK BENJAMIN
Rank: Private
Regiment: Norfolk Regiment Unit Text: 2nd Bn.
Age: 23 Date of Death: 26/03/1916
Service No: 13993
Additional information: Son of Mr. B. Dew, of Baconsthorpe, Norfolk; husband of Brenda M. Dew, of Hingham, Norwich.
Grave/Memorial Reference: Panel 10. Memorial: BASRA MEMORIAL
www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=864652
No match on Norlink
The 1911 Census has a Frederick born circa 1893 in Baconsthorpe, and still recorded in the district of Erpingham. On the 1901 census, the 8 year old Frederic, (Born Baconsthorpe), is recorded at The Street, Baconsthorpe. This is the household of his parents, Benjamin, (aged 31 and a General Labourer from Baconsthorpe), and Rosetta, (aged 30 and from Baconsthorpe). Their other children are:-
Alice……………….aged 7.………….born Baconsthorpe
Hilda……………….aged 1.………….born Baconsthorpe
Horace………………aged 6.…………born Baconsthorpe
Marian………………aged 4.…………born Baconsthorpe
Frederick is probably one of the Norfolk men who died during the final days of the siege of Kut, (although far more would die on the subsequent march into captivity). He may possibly have been one of those outside as a composite unit, the Norsets, consisting of available drafts and recovered sick and wounded from the two parent battalions of the Norfolks and Dorsets, who were fighting to break the siege.
www.stephen-stratford.co.uk/pte_wilby.htm
1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/lofiversion/index.php/t...
Horace Dew…………..Died
Name: DEW Initials: H E
Rank: Corporal Regiment: Norfolk Regiment Unit Text: 7th Bn.
Date of Death: 30/05/1916 Service No: 12576
Grave/Memorial Reference: I. F. 45. Cemetery: LAPUGNOY MILITARY CEMETERY
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=54022
Genes Re-united site confirms this was a Horace.
Lapugnoy Military Cemetery
The first burials were made in Plot I of the cemetery in September 1915, but it was most heavily used during the Battle of Arras, which began in April 1917. The dead were brought to the cemetery from casualty clearing stations, chiefly the 18th and the 23rd at Lapugnoy and Lozinghem
www.cwgc.org/search/cemetery_details.aspx?cemetery=5501&a...
No match on Norlink
The 1911 Census has a Horace born circa 1895 in Baconsthorpe, and still recorded in the district of Erpingham. See Frederick above for family details
William Jarvis………….Died
As there was no obvious William Jarvis associated on the 1901 or 1911 census with Baconsthorpe, I initially thought it was a Willie Reginald Jarvis from Langham, who died in the Middle East in 1918 while serving with the 1st/4th Norfolks CWGC.http://www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1645773
His parents were Herbert and Martha.
No match on Norlink
However, I then discovered the Roll of Honour had identified another individual who was much more likely.
Name: JARVIS Initials: W T
Rank: Private Regiment/Service: Norfolk Regiment Unit Text: 7th Bn.
Age: 20 Date of Death: 20/09/1917 Service No: 19515
Additional information: Son of Alfred and Ann Jarvis, of Baconsthorpe, Holt, Norfolk. Grave/Memorial Reference: V. B. 6. Cemetery: DUISANS BRITISH CEMETERY, ETRUN
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=169980
The 1911 Census lists an Arthur William Jarvis, born circa 1902 at Baconsthorpe, and still resident in the District of Erpingham which covers the village. Other Jarvis’s are:-
Mary Beatrice, born circa 1878 at Baconsthorpe
Sidney, born circa 1890 at North Walsham
Thomas John, born circa 1904 at Baconsthorpe.
There is no obvious William who’s parents are an Alfred and Ann born circa 1897 / 1898
On the Genes re-united transcript of the 1901 and 1911 Censuses.
The battalion appears to have been in action near Monchy, and there seems to be a steady but small number of casualties over the period 19th to the 23rd - 7 on the 19th for example.
Robert Jermy…………………Died
CWGC has only one R Jermy
Name: JERMY Initials: R
Rank: Rifleman
Regiment/Service: London Regiment (Queen Victoria's Rifles) Unit Text: 9th Bn.
Date of Death: 04/07/1918 Service No: 392969
Grave/Memorial Reference: C. 10. Cemetery: BAVELINCOURT COMMUNAL CEMETERY
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=587482
Norlink has a Robert Jermy, but tenuous link to Baconsthorpe
norlink.norfolk.gov.uk/02_Catalogue/02_013_PictureTitleIn...
Acconpanying notes are
Rifleman Jermy was born at Blofield on 13th July 1891, and was educated at Blofield and Holt schools. He enlisted on 11th March 1916 and was killed in action in France on 4th July 1918
The 1911 Census has a Robert Jermy, born circa 1892 at Strumpshaw and now registered in the District of Erpingham which covers the village of Baconsthorpe. The other Jermys in the same District are:
Emma Jane, born circa 1869 at Lingwood.
Robert, born circa 1871 at Hemblington
Maude, born circa 1893 at Blofied
Clifford born circa 1911 at Baconsthorpe.
The 1901 Census has a 9 year old Robert, (Born Blofield), recorded at Holt Road, Thornage. This was the household of his parents, Robert, (aged 29 and a Teamman on Farm from Hemblington) and Jane, (aged 30 and from Lingwood). They also have a daughter, Maud, (aged 8 and from Blofield)
9th Battalion London Regiment was affiliated to the Royal Fusiliers, and was part of the 175 Brigade, 58th Division at the time of Robert’s death.
www.warpath.orbat.com/divs/58_div.htm
Fred Knowles…………………..Died
Possibly
Name: KNOWLES Initials: F J
Rank: Private Regiment/Service: Norfolk Regiment Unit Text: 2nd Bn.
Date of Death: 22/04/1916 Service No: 18830
Grave/Memorial Reference: XXII. D. 13. Cemetery: AMARA WAR CEMETERY
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=629143
Genes reunited copy of the Great War Roll of Honour confirms that this Norfolk Regiment man was a Frederick J.
No match on Norlink
The 1911 Census has only a Sidney Knowles recorded at Baconsthorpe. The 1901 Census has a 21 year old Fred H.Knowles, born North Walsham, and now resident at the Green Grocers Shop, Baker Street, Sheringham. There is also a Frederick Knowles, born Hunworth, and now recorded working as an Ostler at The Hasting Arms , Melton Constable. I have no firm way of establing whether either of the two individuals are the same as the CWGC man, and whether any of them are the Fred Knowles on the Baconsthorpe Roll of Honour.
See William Barnes and Frederick Dew above for details of the siege of Kut.
Henry Smith……………………Died
There was no obvious candidate on the the CWGC at first glance - hundreds of H Smiths. However a review of the 1911 and 1901 Censuses threw up two individuals - a Henry J born 1898 and a Henry Marston born 1871. Now of the two, you’d expect Henry J. to be the more likely to have served, but looking at the numerous candidates matching either H J or Henry J, on the CWGC, there is still no obvious candidate. Under a search for an H M Smith, however, there is this individual.
Possibly
Name: SMITH, HENRY MARSTON
Rank: Engineman
Service: Royal Naval Reserve Unit Text: H.M. Drifter "Hilary II."
Date of Death: 25/03/1916 Service No: 2508TS
Grave/Memorial Reference: 19. Memorial: CHATHAM NAVAL MEMORIAL
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=3051664
No match on Norlink
On the 1901 Census, the 30 year old Henry is recorded as a farmer, at Manor Farm , Baconsthorpe, the village of his birth. Unfortunately he is already a widower. The household is made up by a live in servant, Laura Hazlewood, aged 19 and from Baconsthorpe.
The RoH site gives us this candidate, which its sources, (probably “Soldiers who died in the Great War”), state was born Baconsthorpe and enlisted Norwich.
.
Name: SMITH, HENRY JOHN Initials: H J
Rank: Private Regiment/Service: Middlesex Regiment Unit Text: 2nd Bn.
Date of Death: 01/08/1917 Service No: TF/203340
Grave/Memorial Reference: Panel 49 and 51. Memorial: YPRES (MENIN GATE) MEMORIAL
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=917408
31st July 1917 Battle of Passchendaele (3rd Ypres) commences
Hooge
8th Division
23 Bde
2nd Bn West Yorkshire Regt and 2nd Bn Devonshire Regt attacked here, supported by 2nd Scotish Rifles and 2nd Middlesex Regt respectively.
Both attacking battalions reached their objective, the Yorks taking Ziel House. The support units then passed through, with the Scottish Rifles taking Jaffa Trench despite heavy fire from Kit and Kat Blockhouses. The blockhouses were also captured.
This brigade was also forced back to Westhoek Ridge.
1st August 1917
Frezenberg
At 3.30pm under cover of smoke and artillery, the Germans attacked along the Ypres-Roulers Railway line, the boundary between 15th and 8th Divisions. North of the railway artillery stopped the Germans but to the south the 8th Div was forced back, exposing the right flank of 15th Div which was held by 8/10th Gordon Highlanders. The Gordons left fell back to North Station Buildings while the right was reinforced by 6/7th Royal Scots Fusiliers and 11th Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders. The three battalions were ordered to retake the Black Line which they did at 9pm.
Westhoek
25th Div relieved 8th Div.
forum.irishmilitaryonline.com/showthread.php?t=11535
Frank Thursby………………..Died
Norlink has a picture of an Earl Francis Thursby of the Border Regiment.
norlink.norfolk.gov.uk/02_Catalogue/02_013_PictureTitleIn...
The accompanying notes read
Private Thursby was born in Upper Holloway, London, on 18th July 1897. He was educated at Baconsthorpe, Norfolk. He enlisted on 29th May 1915, and was killed in action in Flanders on 4th October 1917
Name: THURSBY, EARL FRANCIS
Rank: Private Regiment/Service: Border Regiment Unit Text: 2nd Bn.
Age: 21 Date of Death: 04/10/1917 Service No: 21246
Additional information: Son of Mrs. E. M. Thursby, of Lower Gresham, Norwich. Grave/Memorial Reference: Panel 85 to 86. Memorial: TYNE COT MEMORIAL
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=827749
The 1911 Census has four Thursby’s associated with Baconsthorpe. They are:-
Fenn Waller, born circa 1854 at Sheingham, Norfolk.
Leiza Mary, born circa 1859 at Islington, London
Earl Francis Zeats, born circa 1897 at Hornsey, London
Cecle Samuel Phypps, born circa 1903 at Holt, Norfolk
The 1901 Census has Earle F Y Smith, (aged 4, born Islington, London), recorded at 26 Enfield Road, Hornsey. This is the household of his parents, Fenn Waller Thursby, (aged 48 and a Carpenter from Sheringham), and Eliza M.Thursby (aged 42 and from Islington). Interestingly, one of their other children is an Ethel G. Smith, (aged 11, born Hornsey) who is described as an adopted daughter - I wonder if Earle is adopted as well.
Their other children are:
Eliza L…………….aged 20.…………born Islington
Elizabeth M……….aged 19.…………born Islington
The RoH site advises that he was an ex-Norfolk Regiment man
Today marks the start of the Battle of Broodseinde.
Zero Hour was set for 6 am.
Polygon Wood
7th Div
20 Bde
8th Bn, Devonshire Regt led the attack reaching the first objective in good time. 2nd Bn, Gordon Highlanders then took over but they strayed left keeping in touch with the Australians on the left flank. 2nd Bn, Border Regt was then brought up to fill the gap on the Gordon’s right.
I've posted one of these before but this one is for our master database.
The initial drop is us starting to hit pgbouncer on the server, rather than via lots of pgbouncers on the client, and switching to transaction pooling.
It got a bit messy as it turns out our server_lifetime and server_idle_timeout were tuned way down; to seconds rather than minutes, so a lot of connection churn was occuring. The pleasant flat bit at the end is our current state.
Country: SPAIN
Operator: RENFE
Item: STEAM
Class or Maker: RENFE/240-2471
Wheel Arrangement or Type: 4-8-0
Number: 240F2591
Place details: NAVALPERAL
Additional notes: 1674mm
Original source material: Agfa 35mm slide
Photographer: Graham T.V. Stacey
Copyright: Photographer
Library locator reference: GTVS0078
30937 Transport Photograph Database
1971APR05GTVS017cs
smpsarizona.org/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/market... All the information collected from websites can be used to create online marketing databases. Do you ever wonder how you got on that annoying email list? Any time you enter your information on a website, it is being saved.
Substantial metapodium (1), dorsal rim of the foot (2), eye areas (3) and head-crests (4) are all translucent whitish, flecked with opaque white. There are random light spots and a few flecks of green on the dark areas.
Full SPECIES DESCRIPTION BELOW
Sets of OTHER SPECIES: www.flickr.com/photos/56388191@N08/collections/
Limapontia capitata (O. F. Müller, 1774)
Revised July 2021.
Current taxonomy; World Register of Marine Species www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=140229
Synonyms: Fasciola capitata O. F. Müller, 1774; Pontolimax capitatus (O. F. Müller, 1774); Limapontia nigra G. Johnston, 1835.
GLOSSARY below.
Description
Usually up to 4 mm long, rarely 8 mm (Thompson, 1976). The smooth body has no tubercles, gills or appendages. It is dark brown (fig. 1 flic.kr/p/2m1yssd ) or black (fig. 2 flic.kr/p/2m1C9ti ) except for the dorsal rim of the foot, metapodium, eye areas and head crests which are all translucent whitish, flecked with opaque white. There are often random light spots on the dark areas and, sometimes, small greenish patches and flecks. Usually, there is a large pale patch, often approximating to a heart shape, (fig. 3 flic.kr/p/2m1DbBw ) on the dorsum. Part of the patch is often translucent allowing sight of the heart beating within the translucent pericardium (Jensen, 1977).
The anus is a short distance behind and to the right of the midpoint of the body, but it is often difficult to see when it is not defecating.
The head has a truncated anterior edge and usually extends beyond the foot (fig. 4 flic.kr/p/2m1G6Nd ). There are no digitiform rhinophores but, above and in front of each eye, adults have a strong (fig. 5 flic.kr/p/2m1C9sG ) or weak (fig. 3 flic.kr/p/2m1DbBw ) head crest which is absent from some juveniles.
The foot has a translucent whitish sole spotted with white pigment. The yellow ovotestes of adults and/or green contents of the digestive gland may be visible through the sole (fig. 4 flic.kr/p/2m1G6Nd ). The anterior of the foot is often slightly expanded but there are no propodial tentacles.
The substantial pale metapodium is c. 19-25% of the body length.
Key identification features
Limapontia capitata
1) Curved head crest above and in front of each eye (figs. 3 flic.kr/p/2m1DbBw & 5 flic.kr/p/2m1C9sG ), no ridge below eye. At some angles of view, crests can be mistaken for digitiform rhinophores (fig. 6 flic.kr/p/2m1C9s1 ).
2) Substantial pale metapodium is c. 19-25% of body length.
3) Usually a large pale mark on the dorsum (fig. 3 flic.kr/p/2m1DbBw ).
4) Eye areas and head-crests whitish (fig. 2 flic.kr/p/2m1C9ti )
5) Anus a short distance behind midpoint of body.
6) Sublittoral and all levels of the shore in pools and moist positions. Usually on Cladophora attached to hard substrate. Optimum salinity 30‰, can survive 5‰ to over 40‰, but sustainable population improbable below 10‰, the lower limit for spawning.
Similar species
Limapontia depressa Alder & Hancock, 1862 (fig. 7 flic.kr/p/2m1HAoU )
1) No digitiform rhinophores but most have a raised rim around the pale eye patches which Alder & Hancock (1862) in their original species description refer to as ‘lateral crests’, and which Hancock clearly illustrated (item 4 on fig. 7). Most subsequent authors omit or deny the existence of the rim/crests on L. depressa (Barrett & Yonge, 1958; Gascoigne, 1975; Thompson, 1976; Hayward & Ryland, 1998; Kluijver et al.). Consequently, the rim is often mistaken for head crests of L. capitata. The rim varies in how much it is erected, being low when a specimen is not in good condition, and it may be difficult to discern in dorsal view of very dark specimens.
2) Pale metapodium (‘tail’) absent or negligible when viewed dorsally.
3) No large, pale, pigment mark on dorsum (occasionally a faded area).
4) Pale eye patches.
5) Dorsal anus close to posterior.
6) On tidal saltings in Britain in brackish or full marine salinity. Individuals adapt slowly and with difficulty to salinity change, but local populations are found adjusted to a wide range of salinities, to below 3‰ on the tidal River Dee, Wales. It lives sublittorally in the inner Baltic Sea, where the mean sea surface salinity is below 7‰ (Bendtsen et al.); a specimen near Helsinki, misidentified (when accessed in June 2021) as L. capitata, is at www.youtube.com/watch?v=6TBqOdGHmmI .
Limapontia senestra (Quatrefages, 1844) (fig. 8 flic.kr/p/2m1C9pL )
1) Pair of digitiform rhinophores on head only when full grown. Earlier growth stages with rhinophores not fully developed can resemble head crests of L. capitata; rear in captivity when in doubt; rearing details in Smith (2014).
2) Pale metapodium is 13-18.5% of body length , smaller than on L. capitata but more noticeable than on L. depressa.
3) Often a small pale dorsal spot and lateral spots form a quincunx or similar; missing on translucent specimens with visible pale viscera which can be mistaken for the dorsal mark of L. capitata.
4) Eye patches and tentacles whitish.
5) Anus a short distance behind midpoint of body.
6) Full salinity, lagoons perhaps with salinity c. 20‰, and rock pools up to MHW on exposed coasts.
Habits and ecology
L. capitata tolerates a wide range of salinities; in the Kieler Bucht, Germany, 5‰ to 40‰ at 14°C, but spawning only occurs at over 10‰ (Seelemann, 1968 in Jensen 1977). The optimum salinity in the Kattegat, Denmark, for growth and spawning is 30‰ at 15°C, though spawn is abundant at over 15‰.
Coma occurs from heat at 38-40°C and from cold at about 1°C (Jensen, 1977). Formation of ice on a shore is usually accompanied by local temporary extinction of littoral L. capitata (Jensen, 1976).
It lives sublittorally and at all levels of the shore in pools and moist situations on its food algae, primarily Cladophora rupestris (figs. 9 flic.kr/p/2m1G6Jq & 10 flic.kr/p/2m1ysh3 ) but also Chaetomorpha linum, Bryopsis plumosa (fig. 11 flic.kr/p/2m1ys8L ) and other Cladophora spp. (Jensen, 1975). These algal species are coenocytic with few or no internal cell walls subdividing the cytoplasm, which is consequently easily extracted by suction. Enteromorpha (currently genus Ulva) is sometimes mentioned as a food alga (Miller, 1962) but this is unlikely as all species in the order Ulvales, having uninucleate cells (Wichard et al. 2015), are not coenocytic, so unsuitable for suctorial feeding. Jensen (1975) observed a L. capitata grasping filaments of Enteromorpha in a feeding position, but it was unable to extract any cytoplasm. Cladophora. spp., Chaetomorpha linum and Bryopsis plumosa were equally favoured in experiments (Jensen, 1975), though in the wild most are found on Cladophora spp. as the other algae are less common. Individual L. capitata could change food in experiments, but were conservative, tending to remain on the first species encountered until all consumed. Cladophora glomerata, a freshwater species which grows well in the very low salinity of the inner Baltic (GBIF map) and forms large algal blooms in the Gulf of Finland (Berezina et al., 2007) was studied by A.-M. Jansson (1966, 1967 and 1970, in Jensen, 1975) on the island of Asko, south of Stockholm, but she found no L. capitata on it. However, L. depressa does feed on it and has been widely misidentified in the inner Baltic as L. capitata (misidentified L. depressa on probable C. glomerata at www.youtube.com/watch?v=6TBqOdGHmmI )
In L. capitata, the single row of radular teeth, adapted to only slitting and cutting (fig. 12 flic.kr/p/2m1C98J ), confines it to suctorial feeding. The leading tooth is used to puncture algal cell walls whereas the newer, unused teeth function as a spear shaft. Recently worn out older teeth are retained in an ascus sac (Thompson, 1976). Further restrictions on which algal species can be utilized may be due to the chemical structure of the algal polysaccharides and to the algal filament diameters (Jensen, 1975).
The related L. depressa feeds by holding an algal filament vertically in the groove at the front of its head while it punctures it and sucks out the cytoplasm, leaving a colourless filament. There is an apparent upper limit on the diameter of filaments that can fit into the groove, as it was observed in captivity to exhaust all available narrow filaments but to leave the thicker ones unaffected (IFS pers. obs.). The groove in front of the mouth of L. capitata (fig. 13 flic.kr/p/2m1ys1b ) is similar to that of L. depressa . The filaments of a coenocytic species of Trailiella were too thin for adult L. capitata to grip in their groove firmly enough for feeding (Jensen, 1975).
In 1973, at Hellebaek, Denmark, the intertidal population density of L. capitata peaked at 2370-2960 per litre of Cladophora in June, August and October just after settlement of newly metamorphosed juveniles less than 1.25 mm long from what seems to be three breeding events. The recorded population was zero in January to April, when water and air temperatures were below 10°C, and gradually increased in May, presumably originating from larval settlement from deeper water. The large population of L. capitata in summer was estimated to consume 1-10% of the total standing crop of Cladophora at Hellebaek (Jensen, 1975).
Copulation is by penetration by the stylet on the hypodermic penis into the body of the partner which lacks an aperture to receive it. The spawn mass, containing up to 800 ova, is deposited between June and November by two or more generations in Britain (Miller, 1962 in Thompson, 1976). The planktonic, veliger, larval stage lasts about a week at 16-17°C (Thompson, 1976). In Isefjord, Denmark, large numbers of planktonic veligers were recorded in April, August and December (Rasmussen, 1973), corresponding with hatching from the three spawning periods observed by Jensen (1975).
Distribution and status
L. capitata occurs from the Arctic to the Mediterranean and Black Sea. It extends into the Baltic to Rügen, Germany and the Øresund, Sweden further east than which the mean sea surface salinity (msss) is below 10‰ (Bendtsen et al, 2007). It may be over recorded because of incompletely developed rhinophores on juvenile L. senestra being mistaken for the crests of L. capitata. For details of misidentification and misrecording of Limapontia spp. in the inner Baltic, see the appendix below.
Common and widespread around Britain and Ireland. UK distribution map, NBN species.nbnatlas.org/species/NHMSYS0021056302 .
Appendix: Distribution of L. capitata in the Baltic Sea.
The first description of L. capitata, by Müller in 1774, was in the Baltic, ‘in Mari Balthico’. It is still present, sometimes abundantly (Jensen, 1975), in the outer Baltic to about 30° E. at Rügen, Germany (Schultze, 1849) and Øresund, Sweden. Working in the Kieler Bucht, Seelemann (1968 in Jensen 1977), found that the lower salinity limit for spawning is 10‰. The mean sea surface salinity (msss) of the inner Baltic east of Rügen-Øresund is below 10‰ (Bendtsen, 2007) and would be expected to prevent the establishment of sustainable populations of L. capitata. A study on the shores of Asko Island, south of Stockholm, (Jansson, 1966, 1967 and 1970, in Jensen, 1975), which conforms to expectations, found no L. capitata on Cladophora glomerata, a freshwater alga which grows well in the very low salinity of the inner Baltic and forms large algal blooms in the Gulf of Finland (Berezina et al., 2007).
Contrary to expectations, there are several reports of it east of Rügen-Øresund at,
1) Bornholm in 1863, current msss circa 7.5‰ (Meyer & Möbius, 1865–1872).
2) North of Stockholm at 61.1N, 17.2E, msss circa 5‰, in 1980 by Swedish Ocean Archive database (GBIF map, L. capitata).
3) Estonia, over 170 records, msss circa 5-6‰, 2008-2017 by Estonian Naturalists’ Society (GBIF map, L. capitata).
4) Finland, 450 records, msss circa 5-6‰, mainly 1990-2020, by Finnish Biodiversity Information Facility.
The Bornholm record has several reasons for reserve, apart from the low salinity. While the illustrations from Kieler Bucht (fig. 14 flic.kr/p/2m54gkU ) show that Meyer and Möbius (1865–1872) recognised correctly the features of L. capitata, the Bornholm specimens were found in 1863 when it is unlikely that M&M were familiar with Limapontia depressa, first described by Alder and Hancock only in the previous year and without published image. The specimens were collected for M&M by a fisherman who said that he found them abundantly under littoral stones. This is not the usual habitat of L. capitata, which lives on filamentous algae, mainly Cladophora spp.; one wonders how reliable the reported location is. It is desirable that this record be checked with fieldwork and photography.
The other localities have salinities well below the level suitable for spawning of L. capitata so its presence needs substantiation with detailed images. The only Baltic images labelled L. capitata found by IFS on the web are a video and two photographs from Finnish waters by K. Könönen at www.youtube.com/watch?v=6TBqOdGHmmI and laji.fi/en/taxon/MX.212476/images , which are all misidentified L. depressa lacking the substantial pale metapodium, large pale dorsal mark and distinct head crests of L. capitata. In 2012, on a blog by an artist for the Marine Research Centre at Stockholm University, there was a detailed painting labelled ’L. capitata’ from north of Stockholm, which was a perfect match for Hancock’s image of P. depressa (fig. 7 flic.kr/p/2m1HAoU ). See the ‘Key identification features’ and ‘Similar species’ sections of the main account above for detail of the historical confusion of the two spp.
Pruvot-Fol (1954) aggregated P. depressa with L. capitata as L. nigra as she could find no distinctive features to characterize them. In her description she used poor copies of 110 year old images of Limapontia spp. from Quatrefages (1844) and followed his omission of L. depressa which was not described by Alder and Hancock until 18 years after he wrote. Gascoigne (1975) and Thompson (1976) showed clear, anatomical differences which counter Pruvot-Fol’s opinion.
At the same time (June 2021) as showing multiple records of presumed L. capitata in Estonian and Finnish waters, the GBIF map for L. depressa and the Finnish Biodiversity Information Facility website have a complete absence in the same waters of records for L. depressa which has populations that can breed at the salinities found there, while L. capitata cannot. A video and two photographs from Finland and a painting from north of Stockholm, all mislabelled ‘L. capitata’, show that L. depressa does live in the inner Baltic. Over 30 records (1998-2012) on the GBIF map of L. depressa by the Swedish Ocean Archive database (SHARK) show that L. depressa lives on the coast of the inner Baltic in the Swedish counties of Kalmar and Blekinge.
Jonne Kotta of the Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, agrees that all the Estonian records of L. capitata shown on GBIF are misidentified L. depressa and should be renamed on the database (J. Kotta, 2021, pers. comm., 14 June).
It is desirable that more photographs are obtained of Limapontia in the inner Baltic to substantiate or alter the evidence, reasoning and opinions presented above. This account will be amended if new evidence requires it.
Acknowledgements
I am most grateful to Kathe Jensen, Jonne Kotta and Vollrath Wiese for their help and advice with this account, but any errors or omissions are my (IFS) responsibility. I thank David Fenwick www.aphotomarine.com/index.html and Malcolm Storey www.bioimages.org.uk/ for use of their images.
References and links
Alder, J. and Hancock, A. 1862. Descriptions of a new genus and some new species of naked mollusc. Ann. mag. nat. hist. vol. 10, Third series, number LVIII: 261-265. [Original description of L. depressa on p. 264].
www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22162433#page/282/mode/1up
Barrett, J. and Yonge, C.M. 1958 Collins pocket guide to the sea shore. London, Collins.
Bendtsen, J., Söderkvist, J., Dahl, K., Hansen, J.L.S. and Reker, J. 2007. Model simulations of blue corridors in the Baltic Sea. BALANCE Interim Report No. 9.. Copenhagen. balance-eu.org/xpdf/balance-interim-report-no-9.pdf
Berezina, N. A., Tsiplenkina, I. G., Pankova, E. S. and Gubelit J. I. 2007. Dynamics of invertebrate communities in stony littoral of the Neva Estuary (Baltic Sea) under macroalgal blooms and bioinvasions. Transitional Waters Bulletin 1: 65-76. www.researchgate.net/publication/215447660_Dynamics_of_in...
Eliot, C.N.E. 1910. A monograph of the British nudibranchiate mollusca. London, Ray Society. Supplementary Volume. p. 141 [as L. nigra] archive.org/details/british_nudibranchiate_mollusca_pt8_l... (p. 151 of PDF).
Finnish Biodiversity Information Facility, Limapontia capitata overview page. laji.fi/en/taxon/MX.212476 images laji.fi/en/taxon/MX.212476/images [misidentified L. depressa]. Accessed 17 July 2021.
Gascoigne, T. 1975. A field guide to the British Limapontidae and Alderia modesta. J. Conch. Lond. 28: 359 – 364.
GBIF Distribution map of Limapontia capitata (O.F. Müller) Accessed 25 June, 2021. www.gbif.org/species/2298915
GBIF. Distribution map of Limapontia depressa Accessed 23 July, 2021. www.gbif.org/species/2298918
GBIF Distribution map of Cladophora glomerata (L.) Kütz. Accessed 14 June, 2021. www.gbif.org/species/5272770
Hayward, P.J. & Ryland, J.S. 1996. Handbook of the marine fauna of North-west Europe. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Jeffreys, J. G. 1869. British conchology. vol. 5 (1869). London, van Voorst. [As L. nigra] archive.org/details/britishconcholog05jeffr/page/28/mode/1up
Jensen, K. R. 1975. Food preference and food consumption in relation to growth of Limapontia capitata (Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa). Ophelia 14(1-2): 1-14. abstract
www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00785236.1975.10421967
Jensen, K. R. 1976. The importance of Limapontia capitata (Mueller) (Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa) as a primary consumer in the Cladophora-belt. 10th Europ. Symp. mar. Biol. 2: 339-350.
Jensen, K. R. 1977. Optimal salinity and temperature intervals of Limapontia capitata (Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa) determined by growth and heart rate measurements. Ophelia, 16 (2): 175 – 185.
Kluijver, M.J. de, Ingalsuo S.S. & Bruyne, R.H. de. Mollusca of the North Sea, Limapontia depressa. Marine Species Identification Portal. (accessed 20 June 2021) species-identification.org/species.php?species_group=moll...
Meyer, H. A. & Möbius, K. 1865 - 1872. Fauna der Kieler Bucht. Band 1: Die Hinterkiemer oder Opisthobranchia. Leipzig, W. Engelmann. [As Pontolimax capitatus]
www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47329#page/57/mode/1up [images]
www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47329#page/55/mode/1up [text]
Miller, M.C. 1962. Annual cycles of some Manx nudibranchs, with a discussion of the problem of the migration. J. Anim. Ecol. 31(3): 545-569 www.jstor.org/stable/2053?seq=1
Müller, O. F. 1774. Vermium terrestrium et fluviatilium, seu animalium infusoriorum, helminthicorum, et testaceorum, non marinorum, succincta historia. Vol. 1, Pars Altera: p. 70. [1774]. Havniæ (Copenhagen) & Lipsiæ (Leipzig), Heineck & Faber. [original description as Fasciola capitata] www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50344#page/236/mode/1up
Pruvot-Fol, A. 1954. Faune de France. Mollusques opisthobranches. Paris, P. Lechevalier. faunedefrance.org/bibliotheque/docs/A.PRUVOT-FOL(FdeFr58)Mollusques.pdf
Quatrefages J.L.A. de. 1844. Sur les Gastéropodes Phlébentérés (Phlebenterata Nob.), ordre nouveau de la classe des Gastéropodes, proposé d'après l'examen anatomique et physiologique des genres Zéphyrine (Zephyrina Nob.), Actéon (Acteon Oken), Actéonie (Acteoniæ Nob.), Amphorine (Amphorina Nob.), Pavois (Pelta Nob.), Chalide (Chalidis Nob.). Annales des Sciences Naturelles. ser. 3, 1: 129-183, pls 3-6. biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13407269
Rasmussen, E. 1973. Systematics and ecology of the Isefjord marine fauna (Denmark). Ophelia, 11, 1-495.
Schultze, M.S. 1849. Ueber die Entwickelung des Tergipes lacinulatus. Archiv für Naturgeschicht. 15: 270. www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/48696#page/670/mode/1up
Seelemann, U. 1968. Zur Überwindung der biologischen Grenze Meer-Land durch Mollusken. II. Untersuchungen an Limaponita capitata, Limapontia depressa und Assiminea grayana. Oekologia. 1: 356-368 www.jstor.org/stable/4214499
Smith, I.F. 2014. Rearing and breeding the sacoglossan sea slug, Limapontia senestra (Quatrefages, 1844). Mollusc World 34: 16-18. Conchological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. www.researchgate.net/publication/352982521_Limapontia_sen...
Thompson, T.E. 1976. Biology of opisthobranch molluscs 1. London, Ray Society.
Wichard, T., Charrier, B., Mineur, F., Bothwell, J. H., De Clerck, O. and Coates, J. C. 2015. The green seaweed Ulva: a model system to study morphogenesis. Frontiers in plant science. www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2015.00072/full
Current taxonomy; World Register of Marine Species www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=140229
GLOSSARY
coenocytic = (of algae) with parts made up of multinucleate, large masses of cytoplasm enclosed by the wall of each large cell.
cytoplasm = gelatinous liquid that fills the inside of a cell; ‘cell sap’.
digitiform = shaped like a finger.
dorsum = upper outer surface of an organism.
metapodium = hind part of the foot.
MHW = mean high water level.
multinucleate = (of cells) having more than one nucleus per cell, i.e., multiple nuclei share one common cytoplasm.
ovotestes = (plural) hermaphrodite organs serving as both ovary and testes.
pericardium = sac containing the heart.
plankton = animals and plants that drift in pelagic zone (main body of water).
polysaccharides = (in algae) molecular structural components of cell walls.
propodial = (adj.) at the front of the foot.
radula = usually a chitinous ribbon with rows of teeth to rasp food, but on Sacoglossa a line of single, fused teeth used like a scalpel to pierce algal cells.
quincunx = pattern of five as on dominoes or dice.
radular = of the radula.
rhinophore = chemo-receptor tentacle; nudibranch and most sacoglossan sea slugs have a pair on top of the head.
salting = salt tolerant vascular vegetation at MHW to EHWS; preferred synonym for “saltmarsh” as much of a salting is not marshy.
siphonaceous = (of algae) entire thallus (‘plant’) is coenocytic with no internal cell walls subdividing the cytoplasm.
stylet = hard, sharp, slender piercing structure.
suctorial = (adj.) sucking
uninucleate = (of cells) having one nucleus per cell.
veliger = shelled larva of marine gastropod or bivalve mollusc which moves by action cilia on a velum (bilobed flap).
Shire of Nillumbik heritage database 2007:.
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A sign on this cottage states: `This Cottage was built on a miner's right around 1876..
Originally the home of the Hill Family it then became for almost half a century the home of the Birch Family.' .
Another sign at the boundary states:.
`Claim posted by G Maver 12/11/84' (1984).
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The early parish plans show this site in April 1873 as creekside land, with no Crown Allotment (CA) designation, but apparently part of John Hill's grant on the adjoining CA78A (2 acres, now vacant), both on the south side of the Watsons Creek. Adjoining properties were in the names of LL Smith (1879), WS Cheshire (1922) and Timothy Shaw. Hill paid ₤5/7/6d for the land. Application for a License to occupy Crown lands on any goldfield or Lands adjacent there to..
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John Hill, a shoemaker at Kangaroo Ground, had made an Application under the `Land Act 1869' on 30 October 1873 for 2a 3r 29p. The Application was granted 7 November 1873 but in 1874 after a report by Mounted Constable Walsh on the land. Edmund Harland of South Yarra owned it by 1886 and then Honor Birch purchasd it in 1910, converging the Hill and Birch family ownership history. As`Honor Williams, she was the legal owner by 1939 [ VTO]..
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Constable Walsh's report describes a `slab house or hut 24'x10' with a bark roof, 2 rooms lined with bark inside, slabs in aprt and Calico part, erected December 1878 in `passable repair'. Hill had been absent from the property for some months working elsewhere but had recently returned. The will of Honor Williams (formerly Birch) shows that the Birch family eventually owned this lot (cited as CA78A,B,C) as well as the adjoining `permissive occupancy' (dated 1/1/1938) of CA79A (this site) that was held as a grazing licence under section 121 of the 1928 act. Throughout the official record, the sites known now as CA79A and CA78A appear to be interchangeable, with CA79A non extant in parish plans [ DSE]. Buildings appear to have been erected on CA79 by the owners of CA78A..
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The first rate records for Edwin Birch, labourer, were in 1872: he was the owner-occupier of `Land Sutton East Riding St Andrews' with an annual value of ₤8. The same annual value was recorded in 1873 but on this occasion a hut was also included in the description [RB]. This was a `house' by 1877 and the annual value had risen to ₤10 in 1878. This coincides with the police report on the Hill property where the hut was stated as built in 1878. Ten years later Birch's name was crossed out in favour of Walter A Harris (?) and soon Honor Young (Honor Birch by 1893) was the owner-occupier and the annual value greatly increased from ₤10 to ₤30 by 1889: this may coincide with the acquisition of more land (listed as 196 acres by 1903). In the Edwardian-era Edwin Samuel Birch (labourer) was the rated owner-occupier and in 1906 the description was `House & Garden' (stated as on CA78A) [ RB]. .
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The Probate Inventory for Edwin Samuel Birch reveals the following:.
1.181/4 acres of vacant land Allot 52 sec B at Christmas Hills Crown grant 4407/881379 £60.
2.61 acres of vacant land Allot 53 and 54 Sec B at Christmas Hills, Crown grant 4932/986278 and 3172/634255 £120.
3.18 ¼ acres of vacant land Allot 25 Sec D at Christmas hills crown grant 4462/892271 £30.
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Landed Property under Lease or Licence from the Crown .
20 acres vacant land under licence from crown at Christmas Hills Allot 12 Sec A £30.
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3 ½ acres on which is a slab house at Christmas Hills Allot 78A held under Miner’s Right £50.
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The will of Samuel Birch stated:.
All real estate to Honor Mary Birch and all personal property to Honor Birch (wife). As Honor Mary Williams, she was the next owner and her will stated: `…I give and bequeath all the improvements on the land held by me at Christmas Hills under Permissive Occupancy fro the Department of land and Survey consisting of the house property thereon and all the contents of the said house to my nephew Brian Joseph Martin of Christmas Hills aforesaid farmer’. Documents also describe a dairy being built there in 1935 and that the land had been held by permissive occupancy under Section 121 land act 1928 dated 1/1/1938..
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In 1977 the will of Honor Williams ( former Birch, died 8 July 1976) described the property at CA78A as including a four room, five square house of about 100 years old, with enclosed verandah, including kitchen, combined lounge dining room, bedroom and store room. It was built of `bush slabs' with a corrugated iron roof. there was also a diary erected in 1935. The valuer noted that the buildings were of little value except for their age: $1700 Shire site value, $3000 capital improved value. This property description matches closely what is on this site. Another description of the permissive occupancy (.75 ha) had a 90 year old double-fronted timber dwelling of bush timber with a timber slab floor and internal masonite lining: sleepout, living, kitchen, 2 bedrooms, bathroom, with a fuel stove and sink in the kitchen and a bath in the bathroom. Structurally it was in a `reasonable' condition for its age. Only the dairy, among the various outbuildings, had any value. Fences were post and wire, the pasture had regrowth of bracken and scrub with blackberry. There was also a list of furniture in the house varying from 15-50 years old, or `very old'. Honor owned 121 acres in total, as compared with the 196 acres of c1900. After Honor's death, George Williams, Walter and Brian Martin were for a brief period co-owners, selling to the MMBW in 1978 [ VTO]..
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More recently Creig Maver has claimed a miner's right for the land.
Format: Glass plate negative.
Rights Info: No known restrictions on publication.
Repository: Phillips Glass Plate Negative Collection, Powerhouse Museum www.powerhousemuseum.com/collection/database/collection=Phillips_Glass_Plate_Negative
Part Of: Powerhouse Museum Collection
General information about the Powerhouse Museum Collection is available at www.powerhousemuseum.com/collection/database
Persistent URL: http://www.powerhousemuseum.com/collection/database/?irn=386428
Acquisition credit line: Gift of the Estate of Raymond W Phillips, 2008