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3D red/cyan anaglyph created from glass plate stereograph at Library of Congress - Prints & Photographs Online Catalog: www.loc.gov/pictures/
LOC Title: Richmond, Va. Castle Thunder, Cary Street
Link to glass plate: www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2018666747/
Date: April 1865
Photographer: Not identified
Notes: The view we see here is after the Confederates had evacuated the city and set fire to the warehouse district, both Castle Thunder and nearby Libby prison survived the conflagration. The soldiers on the street are Union soldiers and the men peering out the prison windows are quite likely newly incarcerated Confederates. While the Confederates controlled the prison, the guards had license to shoot dead anyone peering out a window, and included below, is one such account.
Inmates were often jailed on trumped-up charges of disloyalty; I read of one case where a Confederate officer had a Richmond man jailed so he could get his wife, and he did (in the biblical sense). Note that both southern and northern prisoners received the same inhumane treatment.
Below, a brief summary on Castle Thunder from the NPS, Richmond National Battlefield Park, and then several Civil War era accounts for additional background information:
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"Castle Thunder - Gleanor’s Tobacco Factory and two smaller brick buildings, Palmer’s Factory and Whitlock’s Warehouse, were seized by the Confederate government and repurposed as a prison. This complex was aptly named for its extreme brutality: Castle Thunder. The three buildings housed 1,400 political prisoners and deserters who were segregated by gender, race, and criminal offense. Conditions at Castle Thunder were particularly inhumane with extreme physical punishment and abuse. It has been noted that on principal, prison officials would often give 50 to 100 lashes to newly arriving Confederate deserters.
Like Libby Prison, Castle Thunder survived the evacuation fire that destroyed nearly all other tobacco factories and warehouses in the city. Following the war, the property was returned to its original owners, who set the compound on fire in 1879.
During its existence, Castle Thunder held roughly one hundred women, including one who would become the only female to receive the Medal of Honor. [See link below]
NPS Link to Dr. Mary Edwards Walker: www.nps.gov/rich/learn/historyculture/doctor-mary-edwards...
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Campaigns of a Non-combatant: And His Romaunt Abroad During the War, by George Alfred Townsend, published 1866
…..Leaving Richmond proper, and descending into the low, squalid portion of the town known as Rocketts, one sees among the many large warehouses, used without exception for the storage of tobacco, a certain one more irregular than the rest. An archway leads into it, and upon the outside of the second story windows runs a long ledge or footway, whereupon sentries used to stride, guarding the miserable people within. This is the jail of Castle Thunder, and it was the civil or State prison of the capital.
Ill as were the accommodations of prisoners of war, the treatment of their own unoffending citizens by the Rebel government was ten times more infamous. We could not repress indignation, nor by any philosophic or charitable effort excuse the atrocious tyranny which here lashed, chained, handcuffed, tortured, shot, and hung, hundreds of people whom it could not stultify or impress…. thus the terrible testimony of this Castle Thunder is an everlasting stigma upon the Southern cause.
We entered its strong portal, and there in the new commandant's room lay the record left behind by the Confederates. Its pages made one shudder. These are some of the entries:
"George Barton, giving food to Federal prisoners of war; forty lashes upon the bare back. Approved. Sentence carried into effect July 2.
"Peter B. Innis, passing forged government notes; chain and ball for twelve months; forty lashes a day. Approved.
"Arthur Wright, attempting to desert to the enemy; sentenced to be shot. Approved. Carried into effect, March 26.
"John Morton, communicating with the enemy; to be hung. Approved. Carried into effect, March 26."
In an inner room are some fifty pairs of balls and chains, with anklets and handcuffs upon them, which have bent the spirit and body of many a resisting heart. Within are two condemned cells, perfectly dark a faded flap over the window peep-hole the smell from which would knock a strong man down.
For in their centre lies the sink, ever open, and the floors are sappy with uncleanliness. To the right of these, a door leads to a walled yard not forty feet long, nor fifteen wide, overlooked by the barred windows of the main prison rooms, and by sentry boxes upon the wall-top. Here the wretched were shot and hung in sight of their trembling comrades. The brick wall at the foot of the yard is scarred and crushed by balls and bullets which, first passed through some human heart and wrote here their damning testimony.
The gallows had been suspended from a wing in the ledge, and in mid-air the impotent captive swung, none daring or willing to say a good word for him; and not for any offence against God's law, not for wronging his neighbor, or shedding blood, or making his kind miserable, but for standing in the way of an upstart organization, which his impulse and his judgment alike impelled him to oppose. This little yard, bullet-marked, close, and shut from all sympathy, is to us the ghastliest spot in the world.
Can Mr. Davis visit it, and pray as he does so devoutly afterward? When men plead the justice of the South, and arguments are prompt to favor them, let this prison yard rise up and say that no such crimes in liberty's name have ever been committed, on this continent, at least.
Upstairs in Castle Thunder, there are two or three large rooms, barred and dimly lit, and two or three series of condemned cells, pent-up and pitchy, where, by a refinement of cruelty, the ceiling has been built low so that no man can stand upright. Here fifteen or twenty were crowded together, and, in the burning atmosphere, they stripped themselves stark naked, so that when in the morning the cell-doors were opened, they came forth as from the grave, begging for death. There are women's cells too; for this great and valiant government recognized women as belligerents, and locked them up close to a sentry's cartridge, so that, in the bitterness of solitude, they were unsexed, and railed, and blasphemed, like wanton things.
On the pavements before the jail were hidden numberless guards, who shot at every rag fluttering from the cages, and all this little circle of death and terror was enacted close to the bright river, and airy pediment of that high capitol, where bold men hoped by war to wring from a reluctant Union, acknowledgment of arrogant independence to rein civilization as it pleased, and warp the destinies of our race.
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Patriot Boys and Prison Pictures
By James Roberts Gilmore, published 1866
CASTLE THUNDER.
I was in Richmond in the month of July, 1864, and, in company with the Rebel Exchange Commissioner, made a visit to Castle Thunder. It is a very famous prison; and, as you may not have seen it described, I have thought a short account of it might be interesting to you.
It is on the same street with the Libby Prison, and very near to it; but is much smaller than that building, and was used for the confinement of Northern civilians and Southern non-combatants, who had incurred the ill-will of the Rebel government.
...Its walls were plastered; but its rooms were small, and, when I visited them, filthy and desolate in the extreme. In each one a dozen haggard, homesick men were crowded; and there, in a space not more than twenty feet square, were obliged to eat, and sleep, and dream their lives away, day after day, and month after month, until the slow year rolled round, and went down to the other years which had gone to the great eternity.
I was not allowed to talk with any of the inmates, and so learned little of their real condition; but, since I have come away, a friend has given me an interesting account, written by Judge Finn, who was imprisoned in the Castle for many months. I will extract such portions of it as will give you an idea of the prison, and of the wretched life led there by the prisoners.
...Mr. Finn was at one time Judge of the Superior Court in the city of New York, but before the war broke out removed to West Virginia, where he became State's Attorney. He was a thoroughly loyal man; and his strenuous opposition to the Rebellion having excited the hatred of the Rebel leaders, he was one night, early in 1864, kidnapped by a gang of ruffians, who bound him hand and foot, and conveyed him a prisoner to Richmond….he was taken to Castle Thunder, and - robbed of everything but the clothes he had on-was thrust into a filthy room, already occupied by half a score of half-starved men, ragged, and broken-spirited from long confinement.
The only furniture of this apartment was a splint broom, and a few shoddy blankets, alive with vermin. One of these blankets was furnished to each of the prisoners and it was made to serve for both seat and bed; the prisoner, during the day, sitting on it in the Turkish fashion, and at night wrapping it about him, and lying down on the floor, with a billet of wood for a pillow. The room was infested with rats, bed-bugs, and "gray-backs," - creatures which, at the South, grow to an enormous size, and are "more terrible than an army with banners."
They overran everything. An hour every morning was spent by all of the prisoners in searching their garments, and exterminating these detestable vermin; but often, when they supposed they had cast out the last intruder, the Rebel soldiers on the floor above would have a "hoe-down," and a copious shower would again come upon the heads of the hapless victims. A gray-haired man of seventy, his sight dimmed with age, spent hours every day in removing these creatures from his clothing; and a sick prisoner was almost devoured by them. He became very weak, and was removed to the hospital, and, on changing his clothing, a couple of negro servants with a stout broom brushed more than a pint of "gray-backs" from his person.
The food given the prisoners was of the poorest and most unwholesome description. From the time of the Judge's arrival until the latter part of May, they received only two meals daily. At eight o'clock in the morning a breakfast, consisting of only eight ounces of stale corn-bread, and a cup of cold water, was served up to them; and at two o'clock in the afternoon they were given for dinner another eight ounces of corn-bread, and a pint of swill; and this was all they received until they were furnished with the same kind of breakfast on the following day. This swill was made by putting a quart of cow-peas (a wild pea used at the South exclusively for feeding swine) into twelve quarts of water, and boiling it for an hour. Then it was served out in a pail so filthy as to be unfit for anything but a second-class pig-sty.
In the latter part of May the rations, though not increased in quantity, were somewhat improved in quality, the prisoners receiving four ounces of cornbread, one ounce of meal, and half a gill of rice twice a day, at the same hours as before. But the bread, a portion of the time, was made of cow-feed, - corn and cobs ground up together, and the meat, too, was often spoiled. The Judge has seen the cooks, in preparing fifty pounds of it for boiling, scrape off and take away eight quarts of maggots! As may be readily conceived, life on such fare was only an apprenticeship to starvation.
Every rat about the premises that could be caught was eaten. The Judge was told of this, and at first could not believe it; but one evening when he had wrapped himself in his blanket, and laid down to a troubled sleep, a prisoner in the adjoining apartment called to him for a little salt to season a fine rat he was roasting. The Judge hastened to the bars with the salt, and, sure enough, the man was cooking a large specimen over the jet of burning gas which illumined the dark apartment. When cooked, he salted and ate it, congratulating himself on being so fortunate as to have a "meat supper"! After that time the Judge saw hundreds of rats eagerly devoured by the starving inmates of the prison.
On another occasion a wealthy Pennsylvania farmer, who was captured by Stuart's raiders in the summer of 1862, and had been confined in the prison nearly two years, was seen to scrape the sawdust from one of the spittoons, mix it with water, and eat it with a spoon. When subsequently asked by his fellow prisoners why he had done this, he answered: "I was so crazed with hunger that I did not know what I was doing."
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Daily Dispatch, Richmond VA.,
Monday Morning, April 11, 1864
Tragic - A tragic affair occurred at Castle Thunder last Friday morning about 7 o'clock. Some of the prisoners confined in the third story of the main building of the Castle, which fronts on Cary street, observing that the sentry on guard on the east end of the building was very youthful soldier and one not likely, from his appearance, to enforce rigidly the prison regulations, amused themselves blackguarding him, and one of them, bolder than the rest, persisted in putting his head out of the window in violation of a well understood regulation of the prison, and in spite of the sentry's repeated orders to withdraw it.
Alter exhausting remonstrance on him in vain the guard raised his musket and pointed It at the refractory prisoner. But still the latter, believing that the sentry had not the nerve to fire, refused to take In his head. The sentry fired. All the heads disappeared from the window.
The officer of the guard, attracted by the report of the musket, came out to see what was the matter. He found the youthful sentry quietly reloading his piece, and was informed by him what had occurred. The officer went up into the prison and there found Theodore V. Brandis lying dead on the floor, near the window, with a bullet through his bead. The ball had entered the centre of the forehead, just above the eyes, and crushed through the back of the skull. He had never spoken after he was shot, or moved except to tumble backward lifeless from the window.
At eleven o'clock an inquest was held by Coroner Sauxay, assisted by High Constable Freeman, and the Jury having examined the body, and heard the above recited facts, gave as their verdict that Theodore V. Brandis, the deceased, came to his death by a gunshot wound inflicted by a guard of the prison whilst the latter was in the discharge of his duty.
Brandis was 35 years of age, a native of New Jersey, but for some years bad been living in the town of Manchester, Chesterfield co., Va. About three weeks ago he and seven other conscripts, detailed as a guard at the Government Laboratory, deserted in the night and were attempting to reach the Yankee lines, when they were arrested on the Chickahominy and thrown Into Castle Thunder. The sentry who shot him is Robert H. Burford, of Appomattox, a member of co. D, 13th Va. battalion of artillery. He is not quite seventeen years of age, and is a quiet, gentlemanly young fellow, and said to be a first-rate soldier. This was the first time he ever was on guard at the Castle.
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The Soldier's Casket, Volume 1
Published 1865, Ch. W. Alexander
THE CASTLE THUNDER BLOODHOUND.
All of our readers have heard of the celebrated bloodhound which was captured as one of the appurtenances of that charnel house, Castle Thunder, at Richmond, when our gallant army took the capital of the Rebellion. His name is HERO, (it should have been NERO, after the human monster of Roman history,) and his size alone, to say nothing of his other attributes, is a curiosity. He stands nearly four feet high, is between seven and eight feet long, and weighs almost two hundred pounds Most beautifully proportioned, he joins the most enormous strength with great speed, while his huge mouth, garnished with corresponding tusks, would only require to be shown to a prisoner, to admonish him not to attempt to escape.
This tremendous brute can kill, in a short time, the most formidable bear pitted against him. He was carefully trained by his master, and has doubtless prevented the ultimate escape of many a poor Union prisoner. Hero is said to belong to the Russian breed, but we are informed by a gentleman thoroughly posted, that he is not pure, but an improved cross with another breed in the city of Ulm, resembling a wolf. The pure animal is not nearly so large.
Link to photo of HERO at Library of Congress: tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/pnp/ppmsca/54300/54...
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The Wilmington Journal.
Confederate States of America.
Wilmington, N. C., Saturday, Oct’r 24, 1863.
ESCAPE OF DESPERATE CHARACTERS FROM CASTLE THUNDER – A SENTINEL MURDERED.
On Thursday morning, between the hours of two and three o'clock, four men succeeded in effecting their escape from Castle Thunder. A previous attempt of the same parties having been discovered and frustrated by the vigilance of the officers, they were confined in the condemned cell, before which a guard is kept continually walking to and fro. and which, from its position, in the very centre of the building, was deemed the most secure place in the prison. Obtaining, by some means, the necessary tools, they cut through the floor into the commissary 's room beneath, descending into which, they secured the arms placed there for safe keeping, then in a body, rushing out into the room used for the reception of visitors, they overthrew the sentinel on guard inside the door, who being disabled by the fall, could not further arrest their flight.
They next encountered the sentinel in front of the prison, on Cary street. He happening to be immediately in their path, one of the number rushed upon him, and placing the muzzle of his gun close to the head of the guard, who in vain attempted to stop their egress, discharged the piece; the whole load entered the lower portion of the head, inflicting a frightful wound, and, of course, causing instant death. Three or four shots were fired in rapid succession at the fleeing murders, but with what success is not known.
A crowd of soldiers, on duty at the prison, were soon collected around the scene of this lamentable disaster. But here a singular incident occurred: -- the large dog (belonging to Captain Alexander, the commandant of the prison.) whom, doubtless, all have seen who have ever visited the Castle, took a position alongside the dead body and would permit no one to approach until the proper officers came up and relieved him of his charge; even then he followed the corpse into the building, seemingly determined to keep watchful guard over the remains until the last. This exhibition of affection tor the deceased soldier was truly touching and, indeed, remarkable.
The name of the deceased was Sutton Byrd, a private in Co. C, 53d North Carolina troops.
The names of the parties who committed this cold blooded murder are E. D. Boone, Edward Carney, Thomas Cole and John A. Chapman. The first is a noted ruffian, having made several escapes from different places, and was closely confined a few days ago for an attempted escape. The others were of a like character, being confined upon serious charges. Several recent attempts to break out by the last named parties had been discovered end frustrated by the officers.
The poor boy's father is here, and accompanies the remains to his home. Gen. Winder very properly and kindly ordered an escort to accompany the remains to the cars. When the lid of the coffin was about being placed on, the poor old father knelt down, and fixing his lips to the cold ones of his murdered boy, remained for some moments, apparently in prayer.
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Dispatch, Richmond VA., Monday Morning, November 16, 1863
Stampede from Castle Thunder - - Escape of Yankee Deserters -- Skillful Mining Operation.
Last Friday night, between forty and fifty Yankee deserters escaped from Castle Thunder by mining under the Northern wall of the Castle into a private lot, and escaping into Main street. The officers of the Castle, it seems, suspected that some of the prisoners were making an effort to mine out, and when the sentinels were posted that night each one was cautioned to vigilance, but especially those on the south side of Cary street.
The Castle, as our city readers will remember, fronts on the north side of Cary street, between 18th and 19th, and extends back to an alley about 15 feet wide, which is between Main and Cary streets. The miners, it seems, commenced their operations several days since, in the east end of the Castle, allotted to Federal deserters, there being about six hundred in that part of the building, and by working down near the north wall, and concealing the dirt under lot of old tobacco fixtures in their room, managed to escape detection.
Having the exact width of the alley, which was constantly paced by sentinels, they worked a subterranean passage under the wall and alley, and cutting an outlet-into a private yard, which was enclosed by high board fence, between forty and fifty of them escaped into the yard, and from thence through a private alley into Main street, before they were detected by one of the sentinels, who gave the alarm, rushed into the yard, and with the point of his bayonet put an end to the exodus of the departing Federals.
During Saturday and yesterday some few of the self-liberated prisoners were arrested, and it is not improbable that others of them may yet be picked up by our pickets and scouts.
Since writing the above we learn that the number who escaped was thirty-five, all of whom were Federal deserters but one, who was member of the 1st S. C. regiment. Of the thirty-five nineteen had been recaptured and returned to the Castle last night, and it was reported that five others were in custody of our cavalry, some twenty miles below the city.
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Daily intelligencer. Wheeling, VA., April 04, 1865
A Correspondent of the Washington Chronicle, who was confined six months at Castle Thunder, writes as follows of the condition of affairs lately at the rebel capital.
“In the hospital of Castle Thunder, in ward B in bed No. 45 lies an idiot boy, a Virginian, son of an aged widowed mother aged fifty years. This idiot is her last child. She had four, two fell at Fredericksburgh, and one at Gettysburgh. This idiot is now between seventeen and eighteen years old, and is to be shot next Tuesday for sleeping on his post. The boy is insane beyond all peradventure. The mother has no tie on earth but him. It is hard, but "discipline must be maintained an example must be made; and the idiot, not fit for a soldier, would do for an example." And what of the old mother? Judge Baxter, Confederate State Commissioner, says : "She'll be relieved of the charge, and the boy is fit for nothing else.” The boy's name is Nixon. More than 20 exchanged citizens now in our lines can witness to this. What on earth will Baxter be fit for when the Confederate State needs a Commissioner?
There is a cell in Richmond (Castle Thunder) known as cell No. 3. This cell is four feet eight inches high, McCool private in Harris' light dragoons, a man measuring six feet and half an inch, was put in the cell eleven months and a half….McCool had a ball and chain on his leg all the time, the ball weighing thirty-two pounds the chain ten pounds. The rain penetrates that cell, and on wet days McCool lay in the wet. Eleven months and a half passed, and he never once stood straight. He escaped five weeks since, through a hospital window. He had been transferred, sick.
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Red/Cyan (not red/blue) glasses of the proper density must be used to view 3D effect without ghosting. Anaglyph prepared using red cyan glasses from The Center For Civil War Photography / American Battlefield Trust. CCWP Link: www.civilwarphotography.org/
Just made this 'cause I love the sayings in this set. I used some paper from DCWVLa Creme matstack. It is an amazing stack of flocked and embossed papers in blacks and creams.
The assembled vampire from the Create-A-Monster starter set. She is wearing her default outfit with the giant, tacky golden bat removed and Clawdeen's Sweet 1600 jacket.
Seraphine, the "Create-A-Monster" Dragon, tries on some Liv wigs. I didn't cut the pegs off the insides of the wigs, so some of them don't sit quite right.
I created the reverse of my minimoos using the palette from my blog. I also made a 1 inch round circle for the perfect spot to stick one of my magnets.
It's a great business card AND it comes with something memorable and functional.
SampleBoard.com provides the online platform for you to create and connect with like-minded designers
Created by PS#23, Jersey City, NJ
Artists: Nancy, Anasjia and Marium
Title: Inventions
Teacher: Mrs. Taylor
Theme: Leonardo da Vinci: Collisions of Art and Science
Materials and techniques: Watercolor paint, paper ,cloth, and markers.
Did you enjoy this project? Immensely.
About: Students were to imitate Leonardo da Vinci by creating original designs of the invention they would like to create.
Learn more about the Dream Rocket Project and how to participate at www.thedreamrocket.com
Resultant social networks have created viral images to be passed around that reflect similar stylings of the wemons suffrage movement and its incorporation of the print media. These two issues and mediums hold inescapably similar forms, ideals and methods but simply, through the evolution of publication technologies, has caused greater speed and greater spread in the reach, depth, and understanding of political issues of equality. END of IMAGE ESSAY.
Sources: www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/House_of...
www.abc.net.au/ola/citizen/women/women-home-vote.htm
www.zazzle.com.au/suffrage_steamroller_political_cartoon_...
twilightstarsong.blogspot.com.au/2008/11/superwomen-4-suf...
Voters outside a polling place, Brisbane, Queensland, 1907. Courtesy of the State Library of Queensland: picqld-2003-01-08-11-21.
australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/austn-s...
red circle
www.matthew-lang.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/gaymarria...
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socialistallianceperth.blogspot.com.au/2012_03_01_archive...
www.getup.org.au/campaigns/marriage-equality/petition/sig...
ibxmediagroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/SocialMediaL...
www.kevinism.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/JESS3_Google_...
hammeroftruth.com/2012/why-social-media-is-better-than-th...
blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/online_mobile/for-social-net...
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"The so-called Schönborn Chapel on the northern transept of Würzburg Cathedral was essentially built from 1721 by Balthasar Neumann on behalf of Johann Philipp Franz von Schönborn until 1724 (shell) and from 1731 to 1736 by Friedrich Carl von Schönborn as a burial place for the Schönborn family.
The Schönborn Chapel, which consists of a round central building (rotunda) with two annexes, is attached to the northern transept of the Romanesque St. Kilian's Cathedral, where it replaced an older chapel. The client was Johann Philipp Franz von Schönborn, and Maximilian von Welsch made plans. Construction began in 1721, Balthasar Neumann's plans were revised in 1723 and the shell was completed in 1724. Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt was also undoubtedly involved in the modifications. It was consecrated in 1736. The Schönborn Chapel is considered one of the most beautiful baroque spatial creations in Germany. The furnishings were carried out by court artists from 1733 to 1738. Antonio Giuseppe Bossi made the marble stucco work in 1734 . He also created an important stucco statue of the Immaculata from the episcopal private altar on the gallery above the main altar, which inspired the so-called house madonnas of Würzburg. The frescoes were created (some with Johann Thalhofer and Anton Joseph Högler) by the court painter Johann Rudolf Byss. Based on designs by Johann Wolfgang van der Auwera, six white marble statues were created in Massa-Carrara for the side altars and the main altar. The sculptural furnishings of the rooms come from the court sculptor Claude Curé.
Altarpieces created by Federico Bencovich of Venice were replaced by those by Tiepolo in 1752 and were themselves lost.
Friedrich Carl von Schönborn, Prince-Bishop of Würzburg and Bamberg and Imperial Vice Chancellor († 1746), and the builder Johann Philipp Franz von Schönborn , who was elected Bishop of Würzburg in 1719 († 1724), were buried in the Schönborn Chapel. The Schönborn Chapel can be seen from the central building of the Würzburg Residence through Hofstrasse, so that the Schönborns always had their burial place in sight. In addition, Theodolinde Charlotte Luise (1816–1817), daughter of the later King Ludwig I (Bavaria), who died during the time that Ludwig I was staying in Würzburg as Crown Prince, was buried in the Schönborn Chapel.
The Schönborn Chapel is one of the historic buildings in Würzburg that can be seen on the front of the 50-mark note of the fourth series to the left of the portrait of Balthasar Neumann.
Würzburg Cathedral (German: Würzburger Dom) is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany, dedicated to Saint Kilian. It is the seat of the Bishop of Würzburg and has served as the burial place for the Prince-Bishops of Würzburg for hundreds of years. With an overall length of 103 metres, it is the fourth largest Romanesque church building in Germany, and a masterpiece of German architecture from the Salian period. Notable later additions include work by Tilman Riemenschneider and Balthasar Neumann. The cathedral was heavily damaged by British bombs in March 1945 but rebuilt post-World War II.
A cathedral and an attached monastery existed in Würzburg as early as the 8th Century, presumably built by the city's first bishop, Burchard. On July 8, 752, Burchard transferred the relics of Kilian and his companions Totnan and Colman to the cathedral. The skulls of these three saints are still kept in the High Altar of the cathedral.
The cathedral was destroyed by fire and rebuilt twice (in 787 and 855). The third and present cathedral was built from 1040 onwards by Bishop Bruno. After Bruno's accidental death in 1045, his successor Adalbero completed the building in 1075. Due to several rebuildings, notably after 1133, the cathedral was only consecrated in 1187. It retains its Romanesque cruciform layout to this day.
The cathedral school attached to the cathedral and run by the Würzburg cathedral chapter was one of the most important cathedral schools in the Holy Roman Empire in the Middle Ages, along with those of Liège and Worms.
The side aisles were remodeled in a late Gothic style around 1500. A baroque renovation began in 1627, and continued through the century. In particular, numerous pieces of valuable Baroque art were created for the Cathedral's altars. The stuccoist Pietro Magno decorated the cathedral in Baroque stucco work in 1701-04.
In 1721-34, Balthasar Neumann built the burial chapel for the Schönborn bishops, north of the transept. Around the foot of the eastern tower, he also added a Baroque vestry and Ornatkammer (1749).
Additional Romanesque Revival changes made to the western façade and towers in 1879-85 (see picture of the cathedral in 1904) were removed after 1946.
The Cathedral was heavily damaged in the bombing of Würzburg. Much of the interior was irreparably damaged. Large portions of the building, especially the nave, collapsed in the winter of 1946, almost a year after the bombing. Reconstruction was completed in 1967, in the course of which some Baroque components were removed in favour of a re-Romanisation. In particular, the collapsed nave was rebuilt unadorned, with a flat wooden roof, providing a marked contrast to the surviving baroque stucco in the rest of the building. Over the course of the renovation, the Romanesque Revival west front with its rose window, tripartite gallery, and clock niche were covered by a plain stone wall. The west front was once again revealed after a 2006 renovation. The choir was redesigned in 1988.
With a length of 103 meters, the cathedral is thought to be the fourth largest Romanesque basilica in Germany.
Würzburg (German: [ˈvʏʁtsbʊʁk]; Main-Franconian: Wörtzburch) is, after Nuremberg and Fürth, the third-largest city in Franconia located in the north of Bavaria. Würzburg is the administrative seat of the Regierungsbezirk Lower Franconia. It spans the banks of the Main river.
Würzburg is situated approximately approximately 110 km west-northwest of Nuremberg and 120 km east-southeast of Frankfurt am Main. The population as of 2019 is approximately 130,000 residents.
The regional dialect is East Franconian German.
On 16 March 1945, about 90% of the city was destroyed in 17 minutes by firebombing from 225 British Lancaster bombers during a World War II air raid. Würzburg became a target for its role as a traffic hub and to break the spirit of the population.
All of the city's churches, cathedrals, and other monuments were heavily damaged or destroyed. The city centre, which mostly dated from medieval times, was destroyed in a firestorm in which 5,000 people perished.
Over the next 20 years, the buildings of historical importance were painstakingly and accurately reconstructed. The citizens who rebuilt the city immediately after the end of the war were mostly women – Trümmerfrauen ("rubble women") – because the men were either dead or still prisoners of war. On a relative scale, Würzburg was destroyed to a larger extent than was Dresden in a firebombing the previous month.
Würzburg spans the banks of the river Main in the region of Lower Franconia in the north of the state of Bavaria, Germany. The heart of the town is on the locally eastern (right) bank. The town is enclosed by the Landkreis Würzburg but is not a part of it.
Würzburg covers an area of 87.6 square kilometres and lies at an altitude of around 177 metres.
Of the total municipal area, in 2007, building area accounted for 30%, followed by agricultural land (27.9%), forestry/wood (15.5%), green spaces (12.7%), traffic (5.4%), water (1.2%) and others (7.3%).
The centre of Würzburg is surrounded by hills. To the west lies the 266-meter Marienberg and the Nikolausberg (359 m) to the south of it. The Main flows through Würzburg from the southeast to the northwest.
Lower Franconia (German: Unterfranken) is one of seven districts of Bavaria, Germany. The districts of Lower, Middle and Upper Franconia make up the region of Franconia. It consists of nine districts and 308 municipalities (including three cities).
After the founding of the Kingdom of Bavaria the state was totally reorganised and, in 1808, divided into 15 administrative government regions (German: Regierungsbezirke, singular Regierungsbezirk), in Bavaria called Kreise (singular: Kreis). They were created in the fashion of the French departements, quite even in size and population, and named after their main rivers.
In the following years, due to territorial changes (e. g. loss of Tyrol, addition of the Palatinate), the number of Kreise was reduced to 8. One of these was the Untermainkreis (Lower Main District). In 1837 king Ludwig I of Bavaria renamed the Kreise after historical territorial names and tribes of the area. This also involved some border changes or territorial swaps. Thus the name Untermainkreis changed to Lower Franconia and Aschaffenburg, but the city name was dropped in the middle of the 20th century, leaving just Lower Franconia.
From 1933, the regional Nazi Gauleiter, Otto Hellmuth, (who had renamed his party Gau "Mainfranken") insisted on renaming the government district Mainfranken as well. He encountered resistance from Bavarian state authorities but finally succeeded in having the name of the district changed, effective 1 June 1938. After 1945 the name Unterfranken was restored.
Franconia (German: Franken, pronounced [ˈfʁaŋkŋ̍]; Franconian: Franggn [ˈfrɑŋɡŋ̍]; Bavarian: Frankn) is a region of Germany, characterised by its culture and Franconian dialect (German: Fränkisch).
Franconia is made up of the three Regierungsbezirke of Lower, Middle and Upper Franconia in Bavaria, the adjacent, Franconian-speaking, South Thuringia, south of the Thuringian Forest—which constitutes the language boundary between Franconian and Thuringian— and the eastern parts of Heilbronn-Franconia in Baden-Württemberg.
Those parts of the Vogtland lying in Saxony (largest city: Plauen) are sometimes regarded as Franconian as well, because the Vogtlandian dialects are mostly East Franconian. The inhabitants of Saxon Vogtland, however, mostly do not consider themselves as Franconian. On the other hand, the inhabitants of the Hessian-speaking parts of Lower Franconia west of the Spessart (largest city: Aschaffenburg) do consider themselves as Franconian, although not speaking the dialect. Heilbronn-Franconia's largest city of Heilbronn and its surrounding areas are South Franconian-speaking, and therefore only sometimes regarded as Franconian. In Hesse, the east of the Fulda District is Franconian-speaking, and parts of the Oden Forest District are sometimes regarded as Franconian for historical reasons, but a Franconian identity did not develop there.
Franconia's largest city and unofficial capital is Nuremberg, which is contiguous with Erlangen and Fürth, with which it forms the Franconian conurbation with around 1.3 million inhabitants. Other important Franconian cities are Würzburg, Bamberg, Bayreuth, Ansbach and Coburg in Bavaria, Suhl and Meiningen in Thuringia, and Schwäbisch Hall in Baden-Württemberg.
The German word Franken—Franconians—also refers to the ethnic group, which is mainly to be found in this region. They are to be distinguished from the Germanic people of the Franks, and historically formed their easternmost settlement area. The origins of Franconia lie in the settlement of the Franks from the 6th century in the area probably populated until then mainly by the Elbe Germanic people in the Main river area, known from the 9th century as East Francia (Francia Orientalis). In the Middle Ages the region formed much of the eastern part of the Duchy of Franconia and, from 1500, the Franconian Circle. The restructuring of the south German states by Napoleon, after the demise of the Holy Roman Empire, saw most of Franconia awarded to Bavaria." - info from Wikipedia.
Summer 2019 I did a solo cycling tour across Europe through 12 countries over the course of 3 months. I began my adventure in Edinburgh, Scotland and finished in Florence, Italy cycling 8,816 km. During my trip I took 47,000 photos.
Now on Instagram.
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Today I created an 80" by 22" puzzle as part of our building incentive for safety month. This is what it looked like before I cut the puzzle pieces. Can you find my kite? The kids will get to put up a puzzle piece for every 50 safety tickets we earn as a building until the puzzle is complete and we discover what our prize is going to be. So shhhhh...don't give it away guys. :)
Our Level 1 Hair and Media Makeup students showed off their skills at their end of year assessment, Create an Image.
The students were assigned a theme and had to create mood boards before transferring their ideas onto a model or themselves. This year’s theme included The 80s and Fantasy. Huge well done to all our students!
Got this tattoo July 2008. I designed it myself. I love love love tattoos and I am planning my next tattoo.
Betcha didn't know I had a tattoo I designed myself.
A collaborative project with Anglepoise®, Strong Island & The University of Portsmouth.
Today was the raising of the Anglepoise Lamps from the Solent with help from David Jones at Triton Scuba - www.tritonscuba.co.uk/
10 artists/designers will be twinned with 10 photographers and an Anglepoise® light.
Follow the project at creatingbalanceproject.co.uk
Many thanks to BSc Film and TV students Max and Jonas
A collaborative project with Anglepoise®, Strong Island & The University of Portsmouth.
Today was the raising of the Anglepoise Lamps from the Solent with help from David Jones at Triton Scuba - www.tritonscuba.co.uk/
10 artists/designers will be twinned with 10 photographers and an Anglepoise® light.
Follow the project at creatingbalanceproject.co.uk
Many thanks to BSc Film and TV students Max and Jonas
Members of the campus community attended the inaugural 'Create: Detroit' event June 30, 2015, featuring city builders, city leaders, place makers and urbanists from across North America. Pictured here, left to right, are WSU Major Gift Officer Heather Mourer, CFPCA Dean Matthew Seeger, WSU alumna and Creative Class Group CEO Rana Florida, WSU Senior Major Gift Officer April Jones, School of Business Administration Dean Robert Forsythe, and Martin Prosperity Institute Director Richard Florida. Learn about the event at create-detroit.com. #CreateDetroit
The Creatable World dolls are REALLY cute and fun to play with.
My only complaint is that the waist isn't jointed which limits posability a little. The wigs are also a little wonky.
- The mix-and-match outfits are awesome!
- The posability is really good
- They stand by themselves if they're wearing shoes.
Mattel, well done! A++++
A kick-off program with Pictometry in Rochester NY at the Rochester Institute of Technology.
Outcomes from the team building and employee engagement day:
• Have fun and connect in an informal environment
• Discussions and identification of what’s working and what to do more of that is working well
• Action planning for the future of the department as the employees see it and steps to achieve that future
• Enhanced employee engagement to Pictometry, their managers and each other
• Enhanced inter and intra departmental+ team communication and collaboration
Created by PS#23, Jersey City, NJ
Artists: Toka, Jenna and Sadhana
Title: Inventions
Teacher: Mrs. Taylor
Theme: Leonardo da Vinci: Collisions of Art and Science
Materials and techniques: Watercolor paint, paper ,cloth, and markers.
Did you enjoy this project? Immensely.
About: Students were to imitate Leonardo da Vinci by creating original designs of the invention they would like to create.
Learn more about the Dream Rocket Project and how to participate at www.thedreamrocket.com
In today's blog post, I'm talking about how to create movement in a card design. I broke out my Tim Holtz Distress Oxides and a colour combo from Kristina Werner for this simple card 😃
limedoodledesign.com/2020/05/creating-movement/
Thanks for looking!
Debby
Marta creates a collage of her images blindfolded forcing her to act on her artistic intuition. Teresah Arthur, our meditation instructor, assisted her by handing her the glued pieces that Marta had selected.
Created by Ohio County Middle School, Hartford, KY
Artists: Amber, Kayla, Willow, Jewel
Title: Mammoth Cave Above and Below
Teacher: Katrina Bullington
Theme: Conservation (Nature, animals, etc)
Materials and techniques: Pencil on canvas.
Did you enjoy this project? We enjoyed putting our ideas into one artwork and working together as a group to complete this project
About: We as a group wanted to show our ideas of what we thought it would look like at Mammoth Cave as the entrance and below in the cave. This is how we feel the cave system and environment affects one another working together as one.
Learn more about the Dream Rocket Project and how to participate at www.thedreamrocket.com
Romain Soubeyran, Director of MINES ParisTech with Adam Shwartz, Director of Jacobs Technion-Cornell Institute.
"Creating talent for a new world" 1st DEANS' Forum at MINES ParisTech - 27-28 August 2015, Paris. Celebration of the 200th anniversary of the School's transfer in the very heart of Paris. Creating a new campus vision together with deans and researchers from European, North American and Chinese Universities.
I liked the dress and the wig that came with this girl but didn't think they suited her, so she's got a new lilac wig and dress and is borrowing the belt from ghouls rule Abbey. I'm going to paint her lips lilac as I'm not that keen on the pink.
A kick-off program with Pictometry in Rochester NY at the Rochester Institute of Technology.
Outcomes from the team building and employee engagement day:
• Have fun and connect in an informal environment
• Discussions and identification of what’s working and what to do more of that is working well
• Action planning for the future of the department as the employees see it and steps to achieve that future
• Enhanced employee engagement to Pictometry, their managers and each other
• Enhanced inter and intra departmental+ team communication and collaboration
My friend Bill Westerman, along with his super kind wife Ilana, run this cool company in California called Create with context.
They work in helping other companies to improve, innovate and evolve in terms of technology according to people's specific needs.
They have worked with important clients such as Adobe, Yahoo, Amway, Panasonic, Ebay, IBM among others.
They ask me to illustrate their 2010 bussiness calendar. The topic, of course, people.
Different people=different aproach to technology.
So, ¡¡here are the images!!!!
Mi amigo Bill Westerman, junto con su muy amable esposa Ilana, tienen esta empresa en California llamada Create with context. Ellos ayudan a otras empresas a innovar, mejorar y evolucionar en términos tecnológicos de acuerdo a las especificidades del contexto humano.
Ellos han trabajado con clientes importantes como Adobe, Panasonic, Ebay, Yahoo entre otros.
Ellos me pidieron ilustrar su calendario 2010; el tema por supuesto, la gente.
Diferentes personas=Diferentes acercamientos a la tecnología.
Así que: ¡¡Aquí están las imágenes!!!
Element Jars: Create Sun, Moon, Earth, and Sky in these fun DIY Element Jar Necklaces Tutorial, picture instructions, Nebula Jar
Source by christin133
sharekid.com/create-an-element-jar-necklace-2/
#ShareKid
GOOD GUYS NEED LAWYERS TOO
Workbench Law wanted to challenge the idea of what a law firm should look and sound like. We designed a logo that could have many personalities, creating over ten different versions (and counting). Workbench Law connects with creative start-up business owners in Portland and this fresh look helps them stand apart from the typical corporate lawyer. The “W” has a life on its own and can constantly evolve.