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The images are also available for licence through GETTY IMAGES or directly by contacting Sundeep Bhardwaj @

For any direct correspondance with me contact me on

www.facebook.com/sundeephimachal (Primary) or

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E-mail me on

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admin@phototube.co (For Photo Tube . Co related) or

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INDIA ROAMING AND HIMACHAL +91 9816499629 (Please drop me a SMS message)

WORLD ROAMING +974 55344547 (I prefer all correspondances on facebook as i am still on my World Tour which i started 5 years before and may be in some other country.Will definately contact back whenever next to internet or reply by SMS)

These are reduced sized pictures.Orignal pictures shot in 5,616 × 3,744 (21.1 megapixels) using Canon EOS 5D Mark II FULL FRAME DSLR CAMERA or 3872 x 2592 (10.2 million effective pixels) using NIKON D60 DSLR or 4,288 × 2,848 (12.3 effective megapixels) USING NIKON D90 DSLR's.

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HIGH RESOLUTION images on sundeepkullu.com WORLD IS MY STUDIO This picture is LOW RESOLUTION for web compatibility **Sorry Guys i have deleted most of my pictures from facebook due to copyright infringement by parties not authorised by me.But i have made a flash website for exibiting my Photostories Do visit sundeepkullu.com

And alternatively my pictures can be see in better resolutions on

www.flickr.com/photos/wittysam or

fFULL SCREEN SLIDE SHOW www.flickr.com/photos/wittysam/show

www.flickr.com/photos/wittysam/collections/

***DO NOT COMMENT ON FACEBOOK AS I DO NOT USE IT FOR STOCKING MY PHOTOS.

Link to my Flickr Photostream where you can comment flickr.com/photos/wittysam

St. Charles's Church, Vienna

The St. Charles's Church (German: Karlskirche) is a church situated on the south side of Karlsplatz, Vienna. It is located on the edge of the 1st district, 200 metres outside the Ringstraße. It is one of the most outstanding baroque church structures, and boasts a dome in the form of an elongated ellipsoid.

Ever since Karlsplatz was restored as an ensemble in the late 1980s, the Karlskirche has garnered fame due to its dome and its two flanking columns of bas-reliefs, as well as its role as an architectural counterweight to the buildings of the Musikverein and of the Vienna University of Technology.

The church is cared for by a religious order and has long been the parish church as well as the seat of the Catholic student ministry of the Vienna University of Technology.

Design and construction

Karlskirche column, with spiral as on Trajan's Column

In 1713, one year after the last great plague epidemic, Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, pledged to build a church for his namesake patron saint, Charles Borromeo, who was revered as a healer for plague sufferers. An architectural competition was announced, in which Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach prevailed over, among others, Ferdinando Galli-Bibiena and Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt. Construction began in 1716 under the supervision of Anton Erhard Martinelli. After J. B. Fischer's death in 1723, his son, Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach, completed the construction in 1737 using partially altered plans. The church originally possessed a direct line of sight to the Hofburg and was also, until 1918, the imperial patron parish church.

As a creator of historic architecture, J. B. Fischer united the most diverse of elements. The façade in the center, which leads to the porch, corresponds to a Greek temple portico. The neighboring two columns, crafted by Lorenzo Mattielli, found a model in Trajan's Column in Rome. Next to those, two tower pavilions extend out and show the influence of the Roman baroque (Bernini and Borromini). Above the entrance, a dome rises up above a high drum, which the younger J. E. Fischer shortened and partly altered.

[edit]Iconography

The iconographical program of the church originated from the imperial official Carl Gustav Heraeus and connects St. Charles Borromeo with his imperial benefactor. The relief on the pediment above the entrance with the cardinal virtues and the figure of the patron on its apex point to the motivation of the donation. This sculpture group continues onto the attic story as well. The attic is also one of the elements which the younger Fischer introduced. The columns display scenes from the life of Charles Borromeo in a spiral relief and are intended to recall the two columns, Boaz and Jachim, that stood in front of the Temple at Jerusalem. They also recall the Pillars of Hercules and act as symbols of imperial power. The entrance is flanked by angels from the Old and New Testaments.

This program continues in the interior as well, above all in the dome fresco by Johann Michael Rottmayr of Salzburg and Gaetano Fanti (pseudoarchitecture) which displays an intercession of Charles Borromeo, supported by the Virgin Mary. Surrounding this scene are the cardinal virtues. The frescos in a number of side chapels are attributed to Daniel Gran.

The gold piece high above the altar symbolizing Yahweh.

The high altar painting portraying the ascension of the saint was conceptualized by the elder Fischer and executed by Ferdinand Maximilian Brokoff. The altar paintings in the side chapels are by various artists, including Daniel Gran, Sebastiano Ricci, Martino Altomonte and Jakob van Schuppen.

Full view of the Altar

As strong effect emanates from the directing of light and architectural grouping, in particular the arch openings of the main axis. The color scheme is characterized by marble with sparring and conscious use of gold leaf. The large round glass window high above the main altar with the Hebrew Tetragrammaton/Yahweh symbolizes God's omnipotence and simultaneously, through its warm yellow tone, God's love.Below is a representation of Apotheosis of Saint Charles Borromeo.

Next to the structures at Schönbrunn Palace, which maintain this form but are more fragmented, the Karlskirche is Fischer's greatest work. It is also an expression of the Austrian joie de vivre stemming from the victorious end of the Turkish Wars.

Karlsplatz

Karlsplatz ("Charles' Square") is a town square on the border of the first and fourth districts of Vienna. It is one of the most frequented and best connected transportation hubs in Vienna. The Karlskirche is located here.

Resselpark, adorned with numerous monuments, takes up the most area in the plaza and is on the south side. The Evangelische Schule (Evangelical School) and the Technische Universität Wien (Vienna Technical University) are located here. The plaza is closed in by Karlskirche (which has a water tank and a Henry Moore sculpture in front of it), the main building of the Vienna Museum, and the Winterthur Insurance building. Separated from the plaza to the north are the buildings of the Wiener Musikverein (Vienna Music Society), the Künstlerhaus (art house), and the Handelsakademie (business school). A Video of the plaza and a eventlist are available on the Website of the association karlsplatz.org Verein zur Förderung d. kulturellen Belebung öffentlicher Räume [1].

On the Karlsplatz the exhibition of the United Buddy Bears was shown in 2006 for the first time in Austria. The exhibition was opened by Christiane Hörbiger, Film actress and UNICEF Ambassador, together with Grete Laska, Deputy Mayor of Vienna and Karin Schubert, Mayor of Berlin. According to the City of Vienna, project partners, they were able to count nearly 1 million visitors over the 6 weeks of the exhibition[1].

The first district can be reached either by subway or via Operngasse (a street). The pavilions of the former Karlsplatz Stadtbahn Station remain despite the construction of the U-Bahn system.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlskirche

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlsplatz

sundeepkullu.com

IF YOU LIKE AND WANT TO COMMENT ANY PICTURES IN SDBWP (SunDeep Bhardwaj World Photography)

PLEASE SIGN IN TO FLICKR (using yahoo ID) AND COMMENT ONLY THERE

Thanks for your understanding.

sundeepkullu.com is my official website and if you LIKE to COMMENT go to sundeepkullu.com and click on photos you like to COMMENT by clicking thumbnails under different pages or alternatively by visiting flickr.com/photos/wittysam. You may need to sign-in to flickr.com with your Yahoo account to comment on my flickr Photostream where i stock my World Tour Pictures shot in 50+ Countries 200+ Destinations across 6 Continents.

To protect my work i load pictures only on flickr and they are in web compatible resolutions only.Orignal pictures shot in 5,616 × 3,744 (21.1 megapixels) using Canon EOS 5D Mark II FULL FRAME DSLR CAMERA or 3872 x 2592 (10.2 million effective pixels) using NIKON D60 DSLR or 4,288 × 2,848 (12.3 effective megapixels) USING NIKON D90 DSLR's.

Groups i administer on facebook and flickr (1000 plus members allready in few months )

ART OF PHOTOGRAPHY & WORLD THROUGH THE EYES OF SERIOUS PHOTOGRAPHERS on facebook

www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=111942842150274

HIMACHAL Kullu Manali, Sundernagar Mandi, Dharamsala,Shimla,Lahaul Spiti12

www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=234474081858

ART OF PHOTOGRAPHY & WORLD THROUGH SERIOUS PHOTOGRAPHERS EYES

www.flickr.com/groups/prodigious/

I intent to publish in near future the TRAVEL PHOTOBOOKS on

Landscapes in 6 Continents (Title 1- Stupendous Landscapes across 6 Continents) ,

Wonders of World (Title 2 - "Ancient and New 7 Wonders of World from a Himalayan Photographers Eye") ,

28 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India (Title 3 -"All 28 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India") ,

Himalayas in India, Nepal, China, Tibet & Bhutan (Title 4 -"Stupendous Himalayas"),

UNESCO Interesting World Heritage Sites across globe ( Title 5 - "Best of UNESCO World Heritage Sites") ,

Himachal Pradesh (Title 6 - "Unforgettable Himachal Pradesh" Photostories by SunDeep® Bhardwaj sundeepkullu.com)

I do not allow downloading of my images and they are digitally watermarked with Digimarc (DMRC) which makes it easier for me to identify any unauthorised party using the across web or any media. Even if my work is downloaded in full or in part Digimarc is capable of tracing the use of images across web or any other media. Due to previous copyright infringement by parties not authorised in written by me, i have penalised parties using my images without my permisision. I stock my photos on my official website sundeepkullu.com and flickr (the world's best photography website for professionals amateurs and serious photographers as well as photo admirers) in web compatible resolutions only with no permissions to download or use my pictures in any kind of media without prior written permission from me. Thanks for your understanding.

Thanks for your LIKES and COMMENTS and VISITING

sundeepkullu.com

WORLD IS MY STUDIO "I live with one vision to create things that would outlast me. I discovered photography as a means for me to connect with my innerself"........... SunDeep® Bhardwaj Kullu

The Stock samples of SDBWP SunDeep Bhardwaj World Photography in flickr Photostream cannot be Copied,Distributed,Published or Used in any form,full or in part,or in any kind of media without prior permission from Sundeep Bhardwaj the owner of these images.Utilization in other websites,intenet media,pages,blogs etc without written consent is PROHIBITED.

The images are also available for licence through GETTY IMAGES or directly by contacting Sundeep Bhardwaj @

For any direct correspondance with me contact me on

www.facebook.com/sundeephimachal (Primary) or

www.facebook.com/SundeepBhardwaj (Secondary)

www.facebook.com/sundeepkullu (Tertiary).

E-mail me on

sb@sundeepkullu.com (Primary) or

wittysam@gmail.com (Secondary) or

admin@phototube.co (For Photo Tube . Co related) or

enquiries@himachalculturalvillage.com (For Himachal Cultural Village . Com related).

INDIA ROAMING AND HIMACHAL +91 9816499629 (Please drop me a SMS message)

WORLD ROAMING +974 55344547 (I prefer all correspondances on facebook as i am still on my World Tour which i started 5 years before and may be in some other country.Will definately contact back whenever next to internet or reply by SMS)

These are reduced sized pictures.Orignal pictures shot in 5,616 × 3,744 (21.1 megapixels) using Canon EOS 5D Mark II FULL FRAME DSLR CAMERA or 3872 x 2592 (10.2 million effective pixels) using NIKON D60 DSLR or 4,288 × 2,848 (12.3 effective megapixels) USING NIKON D90 DSLR's.

Developer - phototube.co

Affiliation - himachalculturalvillage.com

HIGH RESOLUTION images on sundeepkullu.com WORLD IS MY STUDIO This picture is LOW RESOLUTION for web compatibility **Sorry Guys i have deleted most of my pictures from facebook due to copyright infringement by parties not authorised by me.But i have made a flash website for exibiting my Photostories Do visit sundeepkullu.com

And alternatively my pictures can be see in better resolutions on

www.flickr.com/photos/wittysam or

fFULL SCREEN SLIDE SHOW www.flickr.com/photos/wittysam/show

www.flickr.com/photos/wittysam/collections/

***DO NOT COMMENT ON FACEBOOK AS I DO NOT USE IT FOR STOCKING MY PHOTOS.

Link to my Flickr Photostream where you can comment flickr.com/photos/wittysam

Lahaul and Spiti district

The district of Lahaul-Spiti in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh consists of the two formerly separate districts of Lahaul and Spiti. The present administrative centre is Keylong in Lahaul. Before the two districts were merged, Kardang was the capital of Lahaul, and Dhankar the capital of Spiti.

Kunzum la or the Kunzum Pass (altitude 4,551 m; 14,931 ft) is the entrance pass to the Spiti Valley from Lahaul. It is 21 km from Chandra Tal.[1] This district is connected to Manali through the Rohtang Pass. To the south, Spiti ends 24 km from Tabo, at the Pare chu gorge where the road enters Kinnaur and joins with National Highway No. 22.[2]

The two valleys are quite different in character. Spiti is more barren and difficult to cross, with an average elevation of the valley floor of 4,270 m (14,009 ft). It is enclosed between lofty ranges, with the Spiti river rushing out of a gorge in the southeast to meet the Sutlej River. It is a typical mountain desert area with an average annual rainfall of only 170 mm (6.7 inches).[3]

Flora and fauna

Lahaul valley in winter

Mountain peak in Lahaul and Spiti district

The harsh conditions of Lahaul permit only scattered tufts of hardy grasses and shrubs to grow, even below 4,000 metres. Glacier lines are usually found at 5,000 metres.

Animals such as yaks and dzos roam across the wild Lingti plains. However, over-hunting and a decrease in food supplies has led to a large decrease in the population of the Tibetan antelope, argali, kiangs, musk deer, and snow leopards in these regions, reducing them to the status of endangered species. However, in the Lahaul valley, one can see ibex, brown bears, foxes and snow leopards during winter.

[edit]People

Mother and child in near Gandhola Monastery. 2004

The language, culture, and populations of Lahaul and Spiti are closely related. Generally the Lahaulis are of Tibetan and Indo-Aryan descent, while the Spiti Bhotia are more similar to the Tibetans, owing to their proximity to Tibet. Fairer skin and hazel-colored eyes are commonly seen among the Lahaulis.

The languages of both the Lahauli and Spiti Bhutia belong to the Tibetan family. They are very similar to the Ladakhi and Tibetans culturally, as they had been placed under the rule of the Guge and Ladakh kingdoms at occasional intervals.

Among the Lahaulis, the family acts as the basic unit of kinship. The extended family system is common, evolved from the polyandric system of the past. The family is headed by a senior male member, known as the Yunda, while his wife, known as the Yundamo, attains authority by being the oldest member in the generation. The clan system, also known as Rhus, plays another major role in the Lahauli society.

The Spiti Bhutia community has an inheritance system that is otherwise unique to the Tibetans. Upon the death of both parents, only the eldest son will inherit the family property, while the eldest daughter inherits the mother's jewellery, and the younger siblings inherit nothing. Men usually fall back on the social security system of the Trans-Himalayan Gompas.

[edit]Lifestyle

The lifestyles of the Lahauli and Spiti Bhotia are similar, owing to their proximity. Polyandry was widely practiced by the Lahaulis in the past, although this practice has been dying out. The Spiti Bhutia do not generally practice polyandry any more, although it is accepted in a few isolated regions.

Divorces are accomplished by a simple ceremony performed in the presence of village elders. Divorce can be sought by either partner. The husband has to pay compensation to his ex-wife if she does not remarry. However, this is uncommon among the Lahaulis.

Agriculture is the main source of livelihood. Potato farming is common. Occupations include animal husbandry, working in government programs, government services, and other businesses and crafts that include weaving. Houses are constructed in the Tibetan architectural style, as the land in Lahul and Spiti is mountainous and quite prone to earthquakes.

[edit]Religion

Kunzum Pass between Lahul & Spiti

Ki-Gompa Spiti

Most of the Lahaulis follow a combination of Hinduism and Tibetan Buddhism of the Drukpa Kagyu order, while the Spiti Bhotia follow Tibetan Buddhism of the Gelugpa order. Within Lahoul/swangla, the Baralacha-La region had the strongest Buddhist influence, owing to its close proximity to Spiti. Lahoul/swangla has temples such as Triloknath , where pilgrims worship a certain god in different manifestations, notably in the form of Shiva and Avalokiteshvara where Udaipur is a puritan temple. This bas-relief, of marble, depicts the Buddhist deity Avalokiteshvara (the embodiment of the Buddha's compassion) in a stylized seated position; Hindu devotees take it to be Shiva Nataraj, Shiva dancing. This image appears to be of sixteenth century Chamba craftsmanship. It was created to replace the original black stone image of the deity, which became damaged by art looters. This original image is kept beneath the plinth of the shrine. It appears to be of 12th century Kashmiri provenance . Much of the art thieves are active in this remote belt because of neglected gompas and temples.

Before the spread of Tibetan Buddhism and Hinduism, the people were adherents of the religion 'Lung Pe Chhoi', an animistic religion that had some affinities with the Bön religion of Tibet. While the religion flourished, animal and human sacrifices were regularly offered up to the 'Iha', a term that refers to evil spirits residing in the natural world, notably in the old pencil-cedar trees, rocks and caves. Vestiges of the Lung Pe Chhoi religion can be seen in the behaviour of the Lamas, who are believed to possess certain supernatural powers.

The Losar festival (also known as Halda in Lahauli) is celebrated between the months of January and February. The date of celebration is decided by the Lamas. It has the same significance as the Diwali festival of Hinduism, but is celebrated in a Tibetan fashion.

At the start of the festival, two or three persons from every household will come holding burning incense. The burning sticks are then piled into a bonfire. The people will then pray to Shiskar Apa, the goddess of wealth (other name Vasudhara) in the Buddhist religion.

In the Pattan belt of the valley in Lahoul most population follows Hinduism,but counts for 14 percent of the total and they are called swanglas. The fagli festival is celebrated between February and March all over the valley. This festival is a new year festival and closely precedes beginning of tibetian and Chinese calendar. Notable is the Pattan people are the late settlers in the valley around 1500 A.D. and have broad highlights and have distinct language on the likes the central Asians,chamba, pangi, pashtoons and uyghurs. This belt is known for the convergence for chandra and bhaga rivers to form Chenab.

[edit]Tourism

Ki Gompa

The natural scenery and Buddhist monasteries, such as Ki, Dhankar, Shashur, Guru Ghantal and Tayul Gompas, are the main tourist attractions of the region.

One of the most interesting places is the Tabo Monastery, located 45 km from Kaza, Himachal Pradesh, the capital of the Spiti region. This monastery rose to prominence when it celebrated its thousandth year of existence in 1996. It houses a collection of Buddhist scriptures, Buddhist statues and Thangkas. The ancient gompa is finished with mud plaster, and contains several scriptures and documents. Lama Dzangpo heads the gompa here. There is a modern guest house with a dining hall and all facilities are available.

Another famous gompa, Kardang Monastery, is located at an elevation of 3,500 metres across the river, about 8 km from Keylong. Kardang is well connected by the road via the Tandi bridge which is about 14 km from Keylong. Built in the 12th century, this monastery houses a large library of Buddhist literature including the main Kangyur and Tangyur scriptures.

The treacherous weather in Lahaul and Spiti permits visitors to tour only between the months of June to October, when the roads and villages are free of snow and the high passes (Rothang La and Kunzum La) are open. It is possible to access Spiti from Kinnaur (along the Sutlej) all through the year, although the road is sometimes temporarily closed by landslides or avalanches.

Buddhist Monasteries in Spiti: Spiti is one of the important centers of Buddhism in Himachal Pradesh. It is popularly known as the 'land of lamas'. The valley is dotted by numerous Buddhist Monasteries or Gompas that are famous throughout the world and are a favorite of Dalai Lama.

Kye Monastery: Kye Monastery in Spiti is the main research center of the Buddhists in India. Near about 300 lamas are receiving their religious training from here. It is oldest and biggest monastery in Spiti. It houses the rare painting and beautiful scriptures of Buddha and other gods and goddess. You may also find rare 'Thangka' paintings and ancient musical instruments 'trumpets, cymbals, and drums in the monastery.

Tabo Monastery: Perched at an amazing altitude of 3050 meters, Tabo Monastery in the valley of Spiti is often referred to as the 'Ajanta of the Himalayas'. The 10th century Tabo Monastery was founded by the great scholar, Richen Zangpo, and has been declared as the World Heritage Site by UNESCO. The monastery houses more than 6 lamas and contains the rare collection of scriptures, pieces of art, wall paintings -Tankhas and Stucco.

Flora and fauna of Spiti Valley: The valley is blessed with the good population of snow leopards, ibex, Himalayan Brown Bear, Musk Deer, Himalayan Blue Sheep etc. which serves as the boon for the wildlife lovers. There are two important protected areas in the region that are a home to snow leopard and its prey including the Pin Valley National Park and Kibber Wildlife Sanctuary. Surprisingly, due to ardent religious beliefs, people of Spiti do not hunt these wild animals.

Apart from the exotic wildlife, the Valley of Spiti is also known for its amazing wealth of flora and the profusion of wild flowers. Some of the mot common species found here include Causinia thomsonii, Seseli trilobum, Crepis flexuosa, Caragana brevifolia and Krascheninikovia ceratoides. Then there are more than 62 species of medicinal plants found here.

Adventure activities:

To- do-Trials: For trekkers, the Spiti Valley is a paradise, offering challenging treks to explore the new heights of the Himalayas. The treks takes you to the most remote areas including the rugged villages and old Gompas followed by the exotic wildlife trails. Some of the popular trekking routes in the area includes Kaza-Langza-Hikim-Comic-Kaza, Kaza-Ki-Kibber-Gete-Kaza, Kaza-Losar-Kunzum La and Kaza-Tabo-Sumdo-Nako. Please note that you carry all the necessary things before out for the trekking tour to Spiti. Tents, sleeping bags, cooking equipment, heavy woollens and sunglasses are a must.

Skiing: Skiing is the popular adventure sports in Spiti and is popular in India from the past few years. The amazing snow clad mountains with the added advantage of inspiring heights are enough to allure the adventure spirits of the avid skier, providing all the thrill and fun attracted to the sport. People from all around the globe come to experience this enthralling adventure activity.

Yak Safari: The most exciting of all adventure activities in Spiti is the Yak safari. You can hire the Yak to see the flora and fauna of trans-Himalayan desert. It is, in fact, the lifetime opportunity that you won't find anywhere else so easily. Apart from this, horse safaris are also conducted in this area.

Sources en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahaul_and_Spiti_district

sundeepkullu.com

IF YOU LIKE AND WANT TO COMMENT ANY PICTURES IN SDBWP (SunDeep Bhardwaj World Photography)

PLEASE SIGN IN TO FLICKR (using yahoo ID) AND COMMENT ONLY THERE

Thanks for your understanding.

sundeepkullu.com is my official website and if you LIKE to COMMENT go to sundeepkullu.com and click on photos you like to COMMENT by clicking thumbnails under different pages or alternatively by visiting flickr.com/photos/wittysam. You may need to sign-in to flickr.com with your Yahoo account to comment on my flickr Photostream where i stock my World Tour Pictures shot in 50+ Countries 200+ Destinations across 6 Continents.

To protect my work i load pictures only on flickr and they are in web compatible resolutions only.Orignal pictures shot in 5,616 × 3,744 (21.1 megapixels) using Canon EOS 5D Mark II FULL FRAME DSLR CAMERA or 3872 x 2592 (10.2 million effective pixels) using NIKON D60 DSLR or 4,288 × 2,848 (12.3 effective megapixels) USING NIKON D90 DSLR's.

Groups i administer on facebook and flickr (1000 plus members allready in few months )

ART OF PHOTOGRAPHY & WORLD THROUGH THE EYES OF SERIOUS PHOTOGRAPHERS on facebook

www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=111942842150274

HIMACHAL Kullu Manali, Sundernagar Mandi, Dharamsala,Shimla,Lahaul Spiti12

www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=234474081858

ART OF PHOTOGRAPHY & WORLD THROUGH SERIOUS PHOTOGRAPHERS EYES

www.flickr.com/groups/prodigious/

I intent to publish in near future the TRAVEL PHOTOBOOKS on

Landscapes in 6 Continents (Title 1- Stupendous Landscapes across 6 Continents) ,

Wonders of World (Title 2 - "Ancient and New 7 Wonders of World from a Himalayan Photographers Eye") ,

28 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India (Title 3 -"All 28 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India") ,

Himalayas in India, Nepal, China, Tibet & Bhutan (Title 4 -"Stupendous Himalayas"),

UNESCO Interesting World Heritage Sites across globe ( Title 5 - "Best of UNESCO World Heritage Sites") ,

Himachal Pradesh (Title 6 - "Unforgettable Himachal Pradesh" Photostories by SunDeep® Bhardwaj sundeepkullu.com)

I do not allow downloading of my images and they are digitally watermarked with Digimarc (DMRC) which makes it easier for me to identify any unauthorised party using the across web or any media. Even if my work is downloaded in full or in part Digimarc is capable of tracing the use of images across web or any other media. Due to previous copyright infringement by parties not authorised in written by me, i have penalised parties using my images without my permisision. I stock my photos on my official website sundeepkullu.com and flickr (the world's best photography website for professionals amateurs and serious photographers as well as photo admirers) in web compatible resolutions only with no permissions to download or use my pictures in any kind of media without prior written permission from me. Thanks for your understanding.

Thanks for your LIKES and COMMENTS and VISITING

sundeepkullu.com

WORLD IS MY STUDIO "I live with one vision to create things that would outlast me. I discovered photography as a means for me to connect with my innerself"........... SunDeep® Bhardwaj Kullu

SDBWP™

I am Earth you are Water by Time-Freeze

4 12

If I am earth

And you are water,

Rain on me

I will absorb

every drop of you

Drained in me

Drenched by you.

Deep down

finding your way

flowing through

veins of my inner world,

close to the warmth

the pulsing heartbeat

of my core

Getting hot

Building up pressure

In heat

Burst out

Shooting high

Breaking through

my surface.

From my highest peak

Falling down to

my deepest valleys.

Filling up my canyons

Over rocky surface

Cleanse me

Mold me move me

Flowing down stream

Finding the biggest part of you

in an endless sea

that covers me

Wiping stroking caressing

my shore.

Flow through me

Stream on me,

spread yourself over me

Come down on me

Dam up in me

Lay still in me

as deep silent lakes.

I feel you rhythm

as the ocean,

resting on my chest,

breathing in and out.

I am yours to hold

You are above me

over me on me in me

I am earth

You are water

By: Marina vd B 2013

MOKULOCK vs. LEGO by Chris Rozek

6

LEGO compatibility

iPod touch Screenshot by Thomas Upton

2 1

Note the multitude of apps and the icons on the Dock.

Jailbreak guide

www.touchdev.net/wiki/Jailbreak_Guide

iPod touch compatible apps

www.ipodtouchfans.com/wiki/index.php/IPod_touch_Applicati...

⛧⛧ Emryn for K9 Weekend Sale!!! ⛧⛧ by Cult/ocult The Darker Alternative

26 1

Hi Culties & Spookies, Time to kick off your weekend shopping just right!

★ Item ★ The Emryn sneakers are unique and different and would be a great addition to any collection!

★ Rigged For ★ Reborn ★ Legacy Female ★ Kupra ★ Lara ★ Gen-X ★

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★ Cult LM ★ maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Cult%20Coven/129/75/33

★ Cult's Social Media Links ★

ScreenShot4578_converted by Dekobi-hime

1

From a photoshoot i made with several character to show off the bodyslide compatibility of my Skyrim body mod. With something called converted outfits, you are able to build the outfits to shape after a body preset, and this is how it looks on our body!

www.loverslab.com/files/file/2146-animeshoujo-body-cbbeuunp/

{HC} KITTY MESH DRESS-AD by ♛Her couture♛

3

KITTY MESH DRESS

⊡ 75L Weekend sale

☰ Items Included:Color Hud

⋮ 10 Colors

☰ Compatibility with:

☑ Maitreya ☑ Belleza (Freya/Isis) ☑ Slink (Hourglass) ☑ Ebody Curvy ☑ Tonic (All) ☑ Legacy ☑ Signature

maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Secret%20Sands/211/211/3025

⛧⛧ Darkness for Hot Drop Weekend!!! ⛧⛧ by Cult/ocult The Darker Alternative

27

★ Item ★ The Darkness stompers are badass and would be great for everyone!

★ Rigged For ★ Reborn ★ Legacy F/M ★ Kupra ★ Lara ★ Gen-X ★ MaitreyaX ★ Jake ★ Gianni ★ Kario ★

★ Remember to always try the DEMOS!★Check for Body Type & Body MOD Compatibility★

★ Comes with a Color Control HUD for changeable color options

★ Cult LM ★ maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Cult%20Coven/129/75/33

★ Cult's Social Media Links ★

Finnish Army by World Armies

5

Finnish Army Soldiers taking part in Exercise Arctic Sheild: The aim of the exercise was to develop the performance of the ground in arctic conditions, to test the skills of a trained group and to increase compatibility with Swedish soldiers December 2018

Photo: Maavoimat - Armén - The Finnish Army

Compatibility of DOLLITS DAD Body by dollits

6

Compatibility of DOLLITS DAD Body,Rey -

Iplehouse nYID Body,Justin

GPS III Non-Flight Satellite Testbed by Lockheed Martin

5

During Compatibility and Integration Tests ending August 30, 2013, Lockheed Martin’s GPS III Non-flight Satellite Testbed (GNST) – a full-sized, functional satellite prototype currently residing at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS) – proved that it could connect with and receive commands from Raytheon’s Launch and Check Out System, part of the next-generation Operational Control System (OCX) that supports the satellite and mitigates risks prior to launch. The GNST was delivered (pictured) to CCAF in July so that facilities and pre-launch activities could be tested, further reducing risk and gaining efficiencies, prior the first GPS III flight satellite’s expected delivery to the U.S. Air Force in 2014 and launch in 2015.

Glade Creek Grist Mill - Babcock State Park, West Virginia by Jim Trodel

10

The Glade Creek Grist Mill, an iconic West Virginia attraction in Babcock State Park, WV, USA. This semi-panorama was assembled from six separate parts, each taken with the same aperture and shutter settings for maximum compatibility.

Picture by Gabor Eszes (UED77)

Candidate, Picture of the Year 2006

Desktop Background Wallpaper 1680x1050

Original available at Wikimedia Commons

LEGO Doctor Strange & The Big Bang Theory Appartments Compatibility by HelloBricks

6

More on www.hellobricks.com/2016/08/lego-doctor-strange-big-bang-...

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Follow me on:

▪ HelloBricks .com

▪ Facebook

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VLC vs Windows media Player by Makis Tzanis

4

Vlc(left) vs Windows Media Player(right)

The vlc offers one of the best compatibility among the players.

But the codecs of Windows Media Player remain one of the best.

Of course every settings at default.

1D4 test 4 by jeff cohen

10 3

a friend of mine has kindly lent me his CANON 1D4 for the weekend to evaluate compatibility with a view to me upgrading .heres 4 shots taken this evening after the rain cleared ,looks pretty good to me .just got to do a proper test now with a 7D2 thats set up properly and i'll make my mind up

Just feeling it by Zenzous

3

*NEWNESS*

ZENOUS BODYSUIT

════════════════════

☰ Items Included:

⋮ Color Hud

⋮ 12 colors

☰ Compatibility with:

☑ Maitreya ☑ Belleza ☑ Slink ☑ Ebody Curvy ☑ Tonic

MP marketplace.secondlife.com/p/CB-ZENOUS-BODYSUIT-WEAR/1751...

INWORLD maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Northern%20Lights/32/195/2806

AsmPz III Ausf A Front View by TooMuchLego

1

The AsmPz III was conceived as a possible replacement for the AsmPz II, with better armour and a more powerful engine. However, the AsmPz III had a smaller turret and due to changes in the fighting compartment and the installation of a larger engine., it could not mount as spacious a turret as the AsmPz II. The AsmPz III was more reliable and easier to maintain, but lacked compatibility with the long 75mm cannon that the AsmPz II mounted nearer to the end of the war, leading to production being dropped in favor of the harder hitting AsmPz II Ausf G.

The Ausf A used the cast mantlet, but this was dropped in later models for ease of production. Mounting the long 57mm cannon, it could penetrate up to 108mm of armour at 1000m.

(Alternate history WW2)

Finnish Army by World Armies

5

Finnish Army Soldiers taking part in Exercise Arctic Sheild: The aim of the exercise was to develop the performance of the ground in arctic conditions, to test the skills of a trained group and to increase compatibility with Swedish soldiers December 2018

Photo: Maavoimat - Armén - The Finnish Army

⛧⛧ Azalea for Crafty Weekend Sale!!! ⛧⛧ by Cult/ocult The Darker Alternative

15 2

Hi Culties & Spookies, More Weekly Sales for your shopping pleasure!

★ Item ★ The Azalea

★ Rigged For ★ Lara ★ Legacy Female ★ Reborn ★ MaitreyX ★ Kupra ★ Gen-X ★

★ Remember to always try the DEMOS!★Check for Body Type & Body MOD Compatibility★

★ Comes with a Color Control HUD for changeable color options

★ Cult LM ★ maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Cult%20Coven/129/75/33

★ Cult's Social Media Links ★

⛧⛧ Lanny for K9 Weekend Sale!!! ⛧⛧ by Cult/ocult The Darker Alternative

22 1

Hi Culties & Spookies, Time to kick off your weekend shopping just right!

★ Item ★ The Lanny sneakers/sandals are unique and interesting!

★ Rigged For ★ Reborn ★ Legacy Female ★ Kupra ★ Lara ★ Gen-X ★

★ Remember to always try the DEMOS!★Check for Body Type & Body MOD Compatibility★

★ Comes with a Color Control HUD for changeable color options

★ Cult LM ★ maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Cult%20Coven/129/75/33

★ Cult's Social Media Links ★

iOS 7 Compatibility chart by Pixel Fantasy

7

Checking out the apple site, I saw the "fine lines" under the compatibility chart by apple, so I decided to make my own. Read more about it here cliqunited.com/ios7-and-the-features-you-might-not-get/

60084 Racing Bike Transporter Bikes by peterlmorris

5 3

The meat and potatoes of this new set is this new motorcycle fame and fairing. While one might lament that it uses more parts, I say it adds tons of possibilities in terms of future parts compatibility and play value.

Luca during Artemis I by ESA_events

2

One of ESA's Artemis I flight controller Luca Fossati during Orion's Distant Retrograde Insertion on 25 November 2022 at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston, USA.

Luca is responsible for the coordination of the activities in the domain of Avionics, Power, Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) and software as well and the Communication and Data Handling European Service Module position lead for the Artemis I flight operations.

Luca's job consists not only in coordinating the design and development of the electronics and electrical parts of the European Service Module, but also in participating to the flight operations, monitoring the health of the spacecraft and ensuring that its performance is perfect in view of the next flights, when there will be astronauts on board.

Experts from ESA, Airbus and Thales Alenia Space constantly watch the European Service Module’s systems from countdown to launch and during flight. The operational team is located in the Erasmus Support Facility, a multi-purpose control centre which supports users from the International Space Station European Robotic Arm, ESA’s Columbus Space Station module and public relations teams.

After its launch on November 16, the Orion spacecraft headed toward the Moon on its 25-day Artemis I mission. Orion was launched by the NASA Space Launch System (SLS) rocket at 7:47 CET (06:47 GMT) from launchpad 39B at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida, USA.4

The European Service Module is powering Orion, providing propulsion, temperature control, electricity as well as storage and delivery for essential supplies such as fuel, water and air. This first Artemis mission is an uncrewed test mission, putting the spacecraft through its paces preparing to send astronauts forward to the Moon.

The uncrewed mission to learn as much as possible about Orion and its European Service Module’s performance. The primary objectives are to demonstrate Orion’s heat shield on reentry, demonstrate operations and facilities during all mission phases, and retrieve the spacecraft after splashdown.

Credits: NASA–J. Blair

jsc2022e089801

Dicyrtomina violacea by AJC1

5 5

Dicyrtomina spp - has a solid Dicyrtomina ornata type rear pigment patch but definite yellow band at the distal end of Ant2. The molecular data supports D. ornata and D. saundersi as separate species, but presumably that was derived from "typical" specimens. I seem to be seeing more of these intergrades - are they hybrids? Springtails practice external fertilization so compatibility of genitalia is not a problem in generating hybrids, but pheromone compatibility could be, having said which, I believe hybrids are known/suspected in other species?

Karolina Kurkova by ralphfiennesvanessaparadis

7

Karolina Isela Kurkova is a Czech model, best known as a former Victoria's Secret Angel and an aspiring actress. She was born in Decin, Czech Republic on February 28, 1984. Karolina Kurkova's Love report shows her true love, love compatibility, Love matching, etc.

⛧⛧ Basia for So Kawaii Sundays!!! ⛧⛧ by Cult/ocult The Darker Alternative

39 1

★ Item ★ The Basia boot comes with different type of sock options and awesome boot detials!

★ Rigged For ★ Reborn ★ Legacy Female ★ Maitreya ★ Kupra ★

★ Remember to always try the DEMOS!★Check for Body Type & Body MOD Compatibility★

★ Comes with a Color Control HUD for changeable color options

★ Cult LM ★ maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Champ/189/200/17

★ Cult's Social Media Links ★

TAMIL WOMEN,INDIAN WOMEN,TAMIL GIRLS,INDIAN GIRLS,TAMIL VILLAGE WOMEN,INDIAN VILLAGE WOMEN,CHENNAI ART,CHENNAI ARTIST WORKS / Anikartick,Chennai,India by Artist ANIKARTICK,Chennai(T.Subbulapuram VASU)

2

PERIYAR E.V.RAMASAMY and WOMEN RIGHTS

With regards to marriage, Periyar has stated that it is one of the worst customs in India. He claimed that the marriage principle, briefly, involves the enslavement of a woman by her husband and nothing else. This enslavement is concealed under the cover of marriage rites to deceive the women concerned by giving the wedding the false name of a divine function.[7]

There have been numerous papers in South India reporting how husbands have killed their wives, suspecting immoral behavior. The husband's suspicion of his wife's character has often led to murders. Those who believe in the divine dispensation, according to Periyar, do not have the knowledge to ask themselves why marriages conducted according to religious rites and the approval of God end in this fashion.[7]

Periyar further states that the very idea that the only proper thing for women to do is to be slaves of domesticity, bear children and bring them up, is a faulty one. As long as these restrictions are imposed on women, we can be sure that women have to be subservient to men and depend on men for help. If women have to live on terms of equality with men, they must have the liberty, like men, to have the kind of education they like and also to do unhampered, any work suitable to their knowledge, ability and taste.[8]

Furthermore, Periyar objected to terms like "giving of a maid" and "given in marriage". They are, "Sanskrit terms" and treat woman as a thing. He advocated the substitution of the word for marriage taken from the Tirukkual "Valkai thunai" or "life partner".[9]

Expenses[edit]

With marriage comes the expenses. Periyar stated that in our country, and particularly in Hindu society, a marriage is a function causing a lot of difficulties and waste to all people concerned. But those who conduct the marriage function and those who are getting married do not appear to notice the attendant difficulties because they think that social life necessitates wasteful expense and many difficulties and therefore they must necessarily face those inconveniences and hardships.[10]

Wedding feast, jewels, expensive clothes, procession, pandal, dance, music—money is spent on all these to satisfy the vanity of the organizers. Whatever may be the amount of money spent on the wedding and however pompous each of the items may be, the mirth and jollity associated with these are over in two or three days. In a week's time the prestige and honor connected with these are forgotten.[10] But the wedding expenses leave many families crushed; for many poor families these expenses leave an enormous burden and the debts remain uncleared for a number of years.[11]

However, if the money intended for the wedding expense is not borrowed and belongs to either of the marriage parties, then that amount could be used by her to bring up her children and to educate them. Such a procedure would be highly beneficial to her.[12]

Arranged marriages[edit]

In South Asia we mostly hear of arranged marriages as part of custom, heritage, and religions. Periyar thought that the Aryan wedding methods were barbarous because of the Aryan religion and art: Vedas, Sastras, Puranas, and Epics belong to the barbaric age. He further stated that is the reason why their wedding methods involve the parents giving the girl, prostituting the girl children and some stranger carrying the girl away by force or stealth.[13]

Arranged marriages in general were meant to enable the couple to live together throughout life and derive happiness, satisfaction and a good reputation, even years after the sexual urge and sexual pleasure are forgotten.[14]

But, with the selfish manipulation of this pact, Periyar claimed that women find 'pleasure' in slavish marriage because they have been brought up by their parents without education, independence and self-respect and because they have been made to believe that marriage means subordination to males. The inclusion of such slavish women in the group of 'chaste' women is another lure to them, leading them to find pleasure in such marriages.

Because a man is also married before he has understood the nature of life, its problems and its pleasures, he is satisfied with the slavish nature of the wife and the sexual pleasure she gives. If he finds any incompatibility, he adapts himself to his partner and the circumstances and puts up with his lot.[14]

Love marriages[edit]

Love marriages, claims Periyar, on the other hand will suit only those who have no ideals in life. Such a wedding gives primacy to sexual union along and it is doubtful if it indicates an agreement between the couple for good life. Sexual compatibility alone does not ensure happy married life; the couple should be able to live together cheerfully. Suitability for life or living together can be determined only if the man and woman get used to the company of each other, and are satisfied with each other. Only then, they can enter into an agreement to live together.[13]

Periyar further states that love marriages can give pleasure only as long as there is lust and the ability to satisfy that lust. If there is no compatibility between the partners in other respects, such marriages end only in the enslavement of women. The lies of such women resemble the lives of bullocks which are tied to a cart, beaten up and made to labor endlessly until they die.[14]

Therefore, there is a proverb stating, "A deeply loving girl is unfit for family life; a suitable life partner is unfit for love." Periyar believed that the agreement between partners to live together will constitute a better marriage than a love marriage.[14]

Self-respect marriages[edit]

In a leading article of Viduthalai, Periyar states that a self-respect wedding is based on rationalism. Rationalism is based on the individual's courage. Some may have the courage to conduct it during the time which almanacs indicate as the time of the planet Rahu and that, particularly in the evening. Some others may have just enough daring to avoid the Brahmin priest and his mother tongue - the Sanskrit language.[15] Some may feel nervous about not keeping the traditional lamp burning in broad daylight. Some others may have the rotten thought that conducting a wedding without 'mangala sutra' is disgraceful.

Still, the self-respect weddings conducted during the past thirty years have some basic limits. They are: Brahmins and their mantras should be utterly avoided; meaningless rituals, piling mud pots, one on another, having the traditional lamp during day time, ritual smoke - all these should be avoided. Rationalism does not approve of these. Periyar then asks why can't the government pass an Act that legalizes weddings which avoid the above-mentioned superstitious practices. If all these details cannot be accommodated in the Act, the latter can legalize weddings which don't have Brahmin priests, the Sanskrit language and the so called holy fire.[16]

Thus, marriages styled as Self-Respect marriages carried a threefold significance: a) replacing the Purohit, b) inter-caste equality, c) man-woman equality. Periyar claimed to have performed Self-Respect marriages unofficially since 1925 and officially since 1928.[17] Self-Respect marriages were legalized in 1967 by the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) Government.[18]

Widow-remarriage[edit]

On the remarriage of widows, Periyar states that among the atrocities perpetrated by the Hindu male population against women, here we have to consider the treatment meted out to widows alone. If a girl loses her husband, even before knowing anything of worldly pleasures, she is compelled to close her eyes to everything in the world and die broken-hearted. Even in Periyar's community at the time, there were widowed girls below the age of 13 years. Periyar stated how it is a touching sight to see the parents of those widowed children treating them like untouchables.[19]

He goes on to say that whatever may be the reason for the present state of the Hindu society, my firm belief that the low position given permanently to widows may prove to be the reason for the utter ruin of the Hindu religion and the Hindu society.[20]

If we try to find the reason for such conduct, we will have to conclude that they instinctively feel that women are slaves, subservient to men and that they must be kept under control. That is why these people treat women like animals. They seem to feel that giving freedom to women is equivalent to committing a very serious crime. The result of this attitude is that there is no independence or freedom to one half of the human race. This wicked enslavement of half of the human race is due to the fact that men are physically a little stronger than women. This principle applies to all spheres of life and the weaker are enslaved by the stronger.

If slavery has to be abolished in society, the male arrogance and wickedness which lead to the enslavement of women must be abolished first. Only when this is achieved, the tender sprouts of freedom and equality will register growth.[21]

One of the reasons why Periayr hated Hinduism and the orthodoxy practiced in the name of Hinduism was the practice of child marriage. Many of the girl children who were married before they were ten or twelve years old became widows before they knew the meaning of the word. According to the 1921 All India Census the details of the child widows reported living in the country that time were as follows:[22]

1 year baby widows - 497

1 to 2 year child widows - 494

2 to 3 year child widows - 1,257

3 to 4 year child widows - 2,837

4 to 5 year child widows - 6,707

Total number of widows - 11,342

5 to 10 year young widows - 85,037

10 to 15 year young widows - 232,147

15 to 20 year young widows - 396,172

20 to 25 year young widows - 742,820

25 to 30 year young widows - 1,163,720

Total number of widows - 2,631,238[22][23]

Periyar was deeply disturbed when he realized that among the widows in India, 11,892 were little children below 5 years and that young widows below 15 years numbering 232,147 were denied the pleasures of life.[24]

With regards to the re-marriage of widows, Periyar stated that it is the practice of our people to refer to such a wedding as "a widow's marriage". Such an expression is used only with reference to women and in connection with men. Just as this lady is marrying another husband after the death of the first husband, many men marry again after the death of the first wife. But the second marriage of a man is not referred to as "a widower's marriage", though that is the proper thing to do.

Periyar himself was a widower. After becoming one, he took a second wife. He claimed that in the ancient days, both men and women in the country had this practice. There were numerous instances in sastras and puranas of women getting married again after the death of their first husband. Periyar further stated that this is not an unusual practice in the rest of the world though it might appear strange for us at the present time. Christian and Muslim women marry again after the death of the first husband. 90 percent of women in Muslim countries get married again soon after the death of the first husband. This may be unusual in certain sections of Indian societies. But it is a common practice in certain other sections of our society which are called very backward communities.[25]

Further, inter-caste marriages and remarriage of widows are on the increase in India. Brahmins oppose these because they are afraid that they cannot exploit the people any more in the name of sastras. For the same reason they oppose the Sharada Act which is necessary for social well-being.[26]

Child marriage[edit]

In all the meetings of the non-Brahmins and the Self-Respectors, Periyar condemned child marriages and emphasized the need for educating all girl children and giving right to young widows to get married again.

Periyar has been very much against child marriage and stated that it reflects the cruelty to which innocent girls were subjected by their well-meaning parents. Periyar asked that if these parents can be considered civilized in any sense of the term. There was no other leader other than Periyar who reacted against this practice of child marriage.[24]

Those who supported child marriage were strongly against Periyar's condemnation of this act. Take for example, the Sharada Act. Those who opposed this Act say that it was against the Sastras to conduct the marriage of a girl after she has attained puberty. They further say that those who conduct such marriages are committing a sin and therefore will go to hell.[27]

Chastity[edit]

Periyar claimed that "household duties" have risen out of the foolishness of people and were not natural duties.[28] He went on to say that it was our selfish greed which has multiplied our household work. Nobody need worry that without household work, the women will lose their "chastity". On chastity, Periyar went on to say that it is something that belongs to women and is not a pledge to men. Whatever, chastity is, it was something that belonged to individuals.

In society, it was believed that if people lose their chastity, they will get divine punishment. Others are not going to get that punishment. Referring to the doctrines of institutionalized orthodox religions, he went on to say that men need not to worry themselves that women are committing a sin by not doing household work. Thus, let men realize that women are not slaves and that men are not their masters or guardians. Women should be allowed to develop the competence to protect themselves and their chastity and men need not be their watchdogs. He also believed that it was derogatory for men to play such a role.[citation needed]

It was said by the orthodox[who?] that women will develop diseases if they lose their chastity. The disease that a woman gets affects the husbands also. If we[who?] educate the women, they will develop the capability to keep themselves and their husbands pure. Thus, Periyar stated in the Kudi Arasu for the society to think deeply about taking a decision and do the right thing for their sisters and girl children.[29]

Periyar kindled the thoughts of everybody by also ridiculing the use of the word chastity only with reference to women. (Periyar-Father of Tamil 32) He stated that character is essential for both men and women and that speaking of chastity only with reference to women degraded not merely women but men also. He extended this thought and said that in any sphere of activity, civilized society cannot think of one law for men and another for women. He also said that the way most men treated their women was far worse than the way the upper class people treated the lower class, the way in which rich men treated the poor and the way in which a master treated his slave.[30]

Education[edit]

On education, Periyar stated that some foolish parents believe that if girls get educated, they will correspond with their secret lovers. That it is a very foolish and mischievous notion. No parent need be anxious about it. If a girl writes a letter, it will only be to a male. We can even now caution men not to read any love letter addressed to them by a woman and, even if they read it, not to reply to it. If men do not listen to this advice, they, as well as the girls who write them must be punished. It will be a hopelessly bad thing, if parents keep their girl children uneducated for this reason.[29]

At a speeched delivered by Periyar at the Prize Distribution function in the Municipal School for Girls at Karungal Palayam, Erode, he stated that girl children should be taught active and energetic exercises like running, high jump, long jump,and wrestling so that they may acquire the strength and courage of men. Their time and energy should not be wasted in light pastimes like Kummi (groups going in a circle, clapping their hands rhythmically) and in Kolatam (striking with sticks rhythmically).

In ancient Tamil literature, poets have stressed the value of education for women. In a famous verse, a poet by the name of Naladiar stated that, "What gives beauty to a woman is not the hair style or the patter of her dress or the saffron on her face but only education".[31] In a verse of Eladhi it states, "Beauty does not lie in the style of wailing or in the charm of a blush but only in the combination of numbers and letters (education).[32]

In a 1960 issue of Viduthalai Periyar stated that "There should be a drastic revolution in the desires and ideals of Indian women. They should equip themselves to do all types of work that men are doing. They should have good domestic life without allowing nature's obstacles in their own lives. Therefore, there should be a welcome change in the minds of our women. The administrators also most pay special attention to the advancement of women".[33]

Armed forces[edit]

Periyar advocated for women to be given weapons to protect themselves in reply to a question put in the Central Legislature. He stated that we have no hope that the state governments will do anything in this sphere because most of the state ministers hold the orthodox belief that women are slavish creatures.[34] Though here and there we[who?] find women also as ministers, they are old-fashioned traditionalists who will say, "We don't want any kind of freedom. We are perfectly happy with slavery".[33]

In Periyar's time he explained that ""Indian" women had no self-determination in any sphere of life like education property and marriage. They thought that modern civilization meant dressing themselves like British and American women and adorning themselves. Even our educated women do not entertain any thought that they must enter the police and army departments and learn to pilot airplanes like the women of Russia and Turkey. Just as modern education has made men cowards an book-worms, it has made our women decoratie [sic] dolls and weaklings".[33]

In a leading article written by Periyar in Viduthalai in 1946, he claimed that unless there is a drastic, fundamental and revolutionary change in our[who?] administrative machinery, it is impossible to make our women independent beings.[33]

Periyar goes on to explain that in our country also, there are thousands of women with the courage, competence and desire to work in the police department. Just as girls going to school was considered wonderful and cycle-riding by girls was considered funny, a few years ago, women on police duty may appear to be wonderful or strange for a few years. Then, in course of time, this will be considered natural.[33]

We[who?] need methods that will effect an astounding revolution in the world of women. Until we acquire those methods, we will be moving forward like a tortoise and writing and talking about Drowpath and Sita.[35]

Periyar, in a 1932 article of Kudi Arasu, explained that "women should develop physical strength like men. They must take exercise and get training in the use of weapons. They must acquire the ability to protect themselves when any sex-mad person tries to molest them. They should get the necessary training to join the armey [sic] when need arises and fight the enemy. This is the view of all civilized people. Women also wholeheartedly support this view. When the general view in the world is like this, who can accept the statement of some people that there is no use in giving higher education to women?"[33]

Birth control[edit]

"Others advocate birth-control, with a view of preserving the health of women and conserving family property; but we advocate it for the liberation of women."[36]

In the Kudi Arasu of 1932, Periyar explained the basic differences between the reasons given to us for contraception and the reasons given by others for this. We say that contraception is necessary for women to gain freedom. Others advocate contraception taking into consideration many problems like the health of women, the health and energy of the children, the poverty of the country and the maintenance of the family property. Many Westerners also support contraception for the same reasons. Our view is not based on these considerations. We recommend that women should stop delivering children altogether because conception stands in the way of women enjoying personal freedom. Further, begetting a number of children prevents men also from being free and independent. This truth will be clear if we listen to talk of men and women when their freedom is hampered.[33]

He went on to say how birth control does not aim at preventing the birth of children altogether, but aims only at limiting births. A man and his wife may have two children, or at the most, three children. This birth control policy is against bringing forth an unlimited number of children.[37]

While Periyar and the Self-Respect movement were advocating for birth control, Rajaji (C. Rajagopalachariar) very strongly opposed it. Others who opposed birth control was Thiru Adhithanar, the publisher of an extremely popular newspaper, Dina Thandhi at the time. In response to Rajaji's stand against birth control, Periyar explained that he was against this since he was of the Vedic Brahmin community that staunchly engrossed in the Manu Dharma. Thus, limiting births of overpopulation would limit diseases and death from many and therefore leave Brahmin priests without a job of doing ceremonies for the sick and funerals. In a 1959 article of Viduthalai he exclaimed that "If people like Rajaji discover new islands, make the forests habitable, do propaganda for the birth of more and more children and have farms for the upbringing of children, we may be in a position to understand them."[38]

During the late 1950s, 80 percent of the men and 90 percent of the women in Tamil Nadu were illiterate. Siriyar argued in a 1959 article in Viduthalai that "in this situation, if birth control is not practiced and people are allowed to have any number of children, the result will be the multiplication of castes among the "Sudras", like washermen, barbers, pot-makers, kuravas or gypsies, hunters, fishermen, famers [sic], toddy tappers, padayachies, pillars, cobblers, pariahs, and a thousand others and a limitless increase in population. The increase in population will force the 'Sudras' to preserve themselves from starvation by standing with folded hands before lazy fellows and calling them 'swami', 'master' and 'landlord'. What good result can we expect if birth control is not adopted?"[39]

Previously in a 1933 article of the Kudi Arasu, Periyar, in his words, explained that "even a High Court Judge in India does not know the amount of trouble that a mother takes to bring up a child. If a husband is kind to his wife and shows concern for her health and happiness, he must adopt the contraceptive method. Otherwise, he must be one who could manage to see that in delivery and in the brining [sic] up of children, she does not have much trouble. Therefore, the proper thing to do now is to drastically cut the expenses mentioned above and spend money on the proper upbringing of children with the help of nurses."[40]

Property rights and divorce[edit]

With regards to property rights for women, Periyar stated that there was no difference between men and women. He went on to say that like men, women should have the right to own property and enjoy its benefits. With regards to divorce or separations, he advocated that a woman can lie away from her husband if he is an undesirable person and if he has nay virulent disease. When a woman has to live apart from her husband in these circumstances, she is entitled to maintenance allowance and a claim on the husband's property. Even if a widow gets remarried, she must be given the right to claim a share of the first husband's property.[41]

On February 4, 1946, the Central Legislature passed an Act giving the right the Hindu married woman to get from her husband in certain circumstances a separate place to live in and a maintenance allowance. Periyar explained how that it was a useless Act. since it seems that the members of the Hindu Mahasabha and Sanadahnis agitated against the grant of even this right.[42]

Dowry[edit]

On the Dowry system practiced widely throughout the Indian sub-continent not only by Hindus but Christians too, Periyar calls it a "serious disease that was spreading fast amongst Tamilians". He went on to state that the disease was also found in its virulent form among the Andhras and the Brahmins of Tamil Nadu. Periyar also argued that if a man with property worth one lakh has three daughters, he has to become a beggar by the time these daughters are married. In the name of dowry, the parents of the young men who marry the three daughters, squeeze the man's property out of him.[43]

In the 1959 issue of Viduthalai, Periyar stated that, "according to a new legislation, women have the right to a share of the parents' property. Therefore every girl will definitely get her legitimate share from the parents' wealth - if the parents are wealth. It is inhuamane [sic] on the part of the parents of a boy to dump on him a girl whom he does not like and to plan to such as much as they can from the property of the girl's father. There is basically no difference between selling education and love for money and selling one's chastity for money. 'Prostitute' is a germ of contempt for a woman; a boy should not be reduced by his avaricous [sic] parents to get the name, 'a prostituted boy' or 'a boy that has been sold'. A father-in-law who has means, however miserly he may be by nature, will not be indifferent when his daughter suffers out of poverty. Therefore, it is very shameful on the part of the bridegroom's parents to demand from the bride's father that at the time of the marriage he should gie jewels worth so many thousands along with so many thousand rupees as dowry and that he should provide the bridegroom with a house and a care. The fact that another party makes such demands at the time of his daughter's marriage does not justify any parent's demands at the time of his son's wedding. All people must realize that both demanding and giving dowry are wrong and they must boldly declare this when occasion arises."[44]

Periyar calls the dowry an evil and exploitative practice depriving tens of thousands of talented and beautiful young women with sound character remaining spinsters without any chance of getting married.[45]

Devadasis[edit]

Among the atrocities the Tamil society committed against women was the practice of keeping some women attached to temples as Devadasis. Dr. Muthulakshmi proposed the resolution at the Madras Legislature that the Devadasi system should be abolished. The Government wanted comments on that from all important people. Periyar in his statement pointed out that the Devadasi system was a disgrace to Hindu religion. The fact that, in the name of a temple or a god, some women are kept as common property is an insult to all the women in the society. He also remarked that the prevalence of this system encouraged immorality among men and thus set the pattern for unprincipled life in many families. This was stoutly opposed in the Assembly by Satyamurthi Iyer, an orthodox Congress member, under the pretext of safeguarding the Hindu traditions. It should be said to the credit of Dr. Muthulakshmi and the leaders like Periyar that the proposal of the Doctor was accepted and a law was enacted against the Devadasi system.[30]

Periyar's example of the degradation of women in the Devadasi system is explained that "if a man's physical passion is aroused when his wife is not with him, he immediately goes to a prostitute. Rough stones are planted where cows and bufaloes [sic] graze to facilitate the animals to rub against the stones when they feel like it.[46] Likewise, Devadasis served in temples and in all villages rough stones planted on the borders and they say that these two (employing devadasis and the planting rough stones) are aamong [sic] the 32 dharmas mentioned in the sastras. When we consider why his kindness to the suffering and also the 32 dharmas are all bogus".[46]

Resolutions passed[edit]

As the Self-Respect conference held in Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu in 1929, the following were among the many resolutions passed with regards for women's rights:

Women should be given equal right along with men for the family property.

There should be no objection to employing women to any job for which they are qualified.[47]

Schools, particularly schools, should try to employ only women teachers.

At the conference held in Erode in 1930, the same resolutions were passed again reminding the delegates and others that the interest of women was still uppermost in Periyar's mind. M.R. Jayakar who presided oer the Erode conference was greatly impressed by the progressive views of Periyar and other members. He was particularly happy that the movement included not merely non-Brahmin Hindus but Christians and Muslims too. He pointed out that the Self-Respect movement was more progressive than Congress. Furthermore, at the Virudhnagar conference the women members held a separate conference and passed some resolutions demanding that women should have the right to select their life partners without any consideration of religion or community and that weddings should not involve wasteful expenditure and elaborate ceremonies.[47]

Nendoroid Obitsu Hybrid Experiment! by geishacookie

5 1

I purchased an obitsu 11 body for a hybrid test, after all, who doesn't want a more poseable nendoroid?

The good news: the scale is perfect, she looks perfectly scaled on the body, its not alien or weird at all!

The bad news: The neck needs modification. You can see that her neck part is just too small. The second bad news is that the head seems to be too heavy, but that might be because the head isn't secure or the hair part is too heavy.

Al in all I'm looking forward to modding this body to be compatible with nendoroids!

a_v_bw_o_n (S-66-30349) by Mike Acs

4 1

The Facility Compatibility Article (FCA) being worked on by possible Brown & Root/Northrop (BRN) technicians during compatibility checkout in Chamber A of the Space Environment Simulation Laboratory (SESL)/Bldg 32, Manned Spacecraft Center (MSC), ca. April 1966.

Prior to manned thermal vacuum tests within the chamber, the CSM boilerplate was used for insertion procedure familiarization, as the entire CSM could not be inserted into the chamber in one piece. Each module had to be transferred individually and then stacked on the test stand/platform inside it.

I believe this photograph to be of the same CSM boilerplate and taken during the same time period:

archive.org/details/S66-30818

Additional info at:

ston.jsc.nasa.gov/collections/TRS/_techrep/CR-2003-208933...

Credit: Johnson Space Center

www.drewexmachina.com/2016/10/26/the-apollo-flights-to-no...

Credit: DrewExMachina website/Andrew LePage

Last, but not least:

www.nps.gov/articles/space-environmental-simulation-labor...

Verträglichkeit - Compatibility by Monika Heinrichs

12 3

Die Vergißmeinnicht haben sich in einer Ecke ausgesät, dann darf der Löwenzahn das farbliche Bild ergänzen. - The forgetmenots spread in a little corner and the dendelions may complete the colorful image.

how to beat flickr by gtvpo

4 31

I figured it out! so you just select compatibility mode on internet explorer, and BOOM! they can no longer force the update upon us!

Rippon Lea: Bedside Table by Creative_Pixels (On/Off Busy)

6 16

N.B. Trying to resolve a compatibility issue with my OS & Flash.

Better late blah, blah, blah by Steve Coleman

6 18

Happy Dragonfly Thursday everybody! I've been dealing with dem old new computer blues, and it's been frustrating. Apparently my flatscreen has some compatibility issues with Windows 7. So I borrowed an old CRT monitor from work that's about the size of a postage stamp, but it works. At least enough to post this and to explain why I've been offline. Also, I have my last show for this year on Saturday, and get this: the forecast is for a 70% chance of rain, which is bad enough, but there's also a 14% chance of snow! Please remember that I live in N. Florida. Needless to say, I'm not expecting a whole lot of business, but I'll be out there anyway.

I probably won't be online a lot until I can get my monitor problems fixed; using this monitor is giving me eyestrain and a cramp in my neck, it's so small.

⛧⛧ Persia For 99L Sale!!! ⛧⛧ by Cult/ocult The Darker Alternative

34

Hi Culties & Spookies, Time to kick off your weekend shopping just right!

★ Item ★ The Persia boots are sleek and sexy and would go great with any outfit!

★ Rigged For ★ Reborn ★ Legacy Female ★ Maitreya-X ★ GEN-X Curvy ★ Lara ★

★ Remember to always try the DEMOS!★Check for Body Type & Body MOD Compatibility★

★ Comes with a Color Control HUD for changeable color options

★ Cult LM ★ maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Cult%20Coven/129/75/33

★ Cult's Social Media Links ★

⛧⛧ Bunzilla for 35L Sunday Sale!!! ⛧⛧ by Cult/ocult The Darker Alternative

10 2

Hi Culties & Spookies, time for even more sales for your Sunday Leisure!!

★ Item ★ Bunzilla Bunny Ears

★ Unrigged / Resizer

★ Remember to always try the DEMOS!★Check for Body Type & Body MOD Compatibility★

★ Comes with a Color Control HUD for changeable color options

★ Cult LM ★ maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Cult%20Coven/129/75/33

★ Cult's Social Media Links ★

Cult Mainstore: maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Cult%20Coven/129/75/33

Cult Market Place: marketplace.secondlife.com/en-US/stores/199625

Cult Discord: discord.com/invite/6ebsHCN3qe

Cult Facebook: www.facebook.com/CULTSL

Cult PrimFeed: www.primfeed.com/cult/

Cult Flickr: www.flickr.com/photos/cultfashionsl

Cult Flickr Group: www.flickr.com/groups/cultsl/

Cult Inworld Group: secondlife:///app/group/b20930fc-db07-cece-79e7-b100c0154e19/about

Cult Social Card: cultfashion.carrd.co/

ScreenShot4536_converted by Dekobi-hime

1

From a photoshoot i made with several character to show off the bodyslide compatibility of my Skyrim body mod. With something called converted outfits, you are able to build the outfits to shape after a body preset, and this is how it looks on our body!

www.loverslab.com/files/file/2146-animeshoujo-body-cbbeuunp/

FUJIFILM X-S1 with no Zoom with an attached Raynox DCR-2025PRO 2.2x Super Telephoto Conversion Lens DSCF2279 by Ted Roger Karson

6 2

The displaying of this photo is not necessarily an endorsement or a recommendation of this gear combination. FUJIFILM X-S1 on no Zoom with an attached Raynox DCR-2025PRO 2.2x Super Telephoto Conversion Lens. FUJIFILM and /or Raynox may be contacted for the compatibility of this gear combination.

Back Seat Driver by Charm and Poise

9 18

From Ingenue Magazine, March 1970

REEV - My Little Bitch by Reevie Ravenhurst | REEV Store

12

Dear valued patrons,

We would like to bring to your attention that certain poses within our collection may undergo variations based on the unique shape and proportions of individual avatars. It is imperative to emphasize the importance of testing the chosen pose within the store environment to ensure its compatibility and alignment with the specific attributes of your avatar.

This precautionary measure is implemented to guarantee a seamless and satisfactory experience for our discerning customers. We appreciate your understanding and cooperation in this matter, as we strive to provide you with the highest quality products tailored to meet your individual preferences.

Thank you for choosing our store, and we look forward to serving you with excellence.

Sincerely,

REEV

online astrology by janmpatrika

Talk To An Astrologer Now ! Instantly consult with an astrologer over Phone. Experts in vedic astrology, Numerology, Muhurat, Horoscope Compatibility, Vastu, Future Predictions, Annual Forecast, Dasha

Mixology - Happy Hour Astrology Talk by Beadmobile

7 5

The mystery of the stars: simplified Astrology for Happy Hour talk - find your astrologically correct drink. No more asking "what sign are you?", just look at what your intended is drinking, and you will know if there is zodiacal compatibility.

This cocktail recipe book was published in 1973 by the Southern Comfort Corp.

Selfie Stick | Selfie | chikkadeal.com by Amit Jain

Look for selfie sticks online in India at Chikkadeal.com, they offer selfie sticks with compatibility for Android 4.2.2 and above, IPhone 4/5/6 versions and iPads.

TROPICA BIKINI ~ TRINI EDITION~ by Twizz Charisma- Gagalini

1

☰ Compatibility with:

☑ Maitreya ☑ Belleza ☑ Slink ☑ Tonic ☑

IN-WORLD:

l.facebook.com/l.php?u=http://maps.secondlife.com/secondl...

MARKETPLACE

marketplace.secondlife.com/p/CB-TROPICA-BIKINITRINI-WEAR/...

Clash Of Clan 3 Star Attacks On TH 11 ( Best War Attack strategy ) by porag onu

Thank You very much for watching my Clash of Clans 3 Star War Attacks video. I always enjoy showcasing strong 3 Star Attacks to you. Become a better attacker by individual tutorials on the bases u need most help. How to Attacks on Different Bases on coc . Its Easy to attacks on Different Bases by by the valkyrie attack , bowler attack , hog attack , balloon attack and other attack. You won't find this content anywhere!!!! Plz Like And Follow Me on : Facebook : bit.ly/2kgoVBn Twitter : bit.ly/2jsmjfF Trumblr : bit.ly/2kgHqpC Check out my latest Clash of Clans 3 Star War Attacks. Playlists sharing the best attack strategy at TH8, TH9, TH10 : Best TH 10 War Strategy Playlist : bit.ly/2k6e4rv Best TH 9 War Strategy Playlist : bit.ly/2jjoF4Z Best TH 8 War Strategy Playlist : bit.ly/2kBSWt3 Subscribe to Clash of clans 3 star attacks ( bit.ly/2jKSzvl ) for more 3 star attacks for Clan Wars and updates for Clash of Clans tutorials, strategy guides, updates, replays and tips and tricks for all of your Clash of Clans Town Hall levels. Developer: Supercell Category: Games Updated: April 20, 2016 Size: 59 MB Languages: English, Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, Italiano, Español, Français, Deutsch, Nederlands, Norsk, Português, Türkçe, ???, ???, P?????? © 2012, 2013, 2014,2015,2016 Supercell Rated 9+ for the following: Infrequent/Mild Cartoon or Fantasy Violence Compatibility: Requires iOS 4.3 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. This app is optimized for iPhone 6, iPhone 6s, and iPhone 6s Plus. Bringing to you: coc base layout | clash of clans base layout | coc attack strategy | clash of clans war strategy | Clash of Clans Gameplay | Clash of Clans Clan Wars| Clash of Clans Defense | Clash of Clans Wars Raids ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Attack Strategies: try out the latest and greatest clan war attack strategies and hope useful for everyone..