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Rasnov Citadel was built as part of a defence system for the Transylvanian villages exposed to outside invasions. Archaeological research revealed the existence of fortification traces on the citadel hill since prehistoric and Dacian times. The medieval citadel of today is considered to be built between 1211 and 1225, during the rule of Teutonic Knights in Burzenland (Țara Bârsei a historic and ethnographic area in southeastern Transylvania, Romania with a mixed population of Romanians, Germans and Hungarians).
The citadel has a simple architectonic style, similar to the ordinary houses of the time and adapted to the fortification requirements. The peasants used stones and bricks for building the walls, and woods for making the gates and platforms. The towers and walls are covered with roof tiles for preventing the fires from besiegers. The walls are 5 metres (16 ft) high and the widest part is constituted by the South wall which in some areas is 1.5 metres (4.9 ft) thick. (Wikipedia)
As Lesk Alzael describes her SIM creation ►The Citadel is a lost paradise. In the shadow of a high reed.
Went back to The Citadel, somewhere that's well worth checking out (100L group fee)
Featuring - Isabell Corinna Fuchs
Panorama of three shots. Wupatki National Monument.
This shot concludes the uploads of my 2019 trip to Utah. Next we'll drop back and finish up my 2017 trip to Death Valley National Park. Yes, I'm running a tad behind.
Explore #5 16/09/2022
Citadel of light – Golden hour at the truly stunning and inspirational setting of Kilchurn Castle on Loch Awe, lit by the dawn light burning off the last of the day's early morning mist streaming down the loch.
Witnessing first light and dawn breaking at this quintessentially Scottish location is a genuinely captivating and enchanting experience; one cannot fail to be moved by nature's raw beauty in all its remarkable glory.
Dalmally, Argyll and Bute, Scotland
The Citadel in Hue, Vietnam consists of 8 kilometers of walls in a square (2 km X 2 km) all surrounded by a wide deep moat fed by the river. There is a fortified gate on each side plus fortified towers including the corners. Within the Citadel lies the Imperial City with it's own 2.5 km of walls.
—from Wikipedia
In June 1802, after more than a century of division and the defeat of the Tây Sơn dynasty, Nguyễn Ánh ascended the throne of a unified Vietnam and proclaimed himself Emperor Gia Long. With a nation now stretching from the Red River Delta to the Mekong Delta, Emperor Gia Long moved the capital from the northern Thăng Long (current Hanoi) to Huế, the ancestral seat of the Nguyễn lords. Gia Long looked to "Confucianism and Chinese models of statecraft" as the best modes of authority, and with this ideology, he ordered the construction of a palace complex based on Beijing's Forbidden City in Huế. Geomancers were consulted as to a propitious location site for the new city, and construction began in 1803. Thousands of workers were ordered to build the walled citadel and ringing moat, measuring some 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) long. The original earthwork was later reinforced and faced with brick and stone resulting in 2 m (6 ft 7 in)-thick ramparts.
I just saw the movie "Solomon Kane" and its bluish tones and soft effect inspired me for this treatment. Hope you like it.
Single RAW tone-mapped in Photomatix
Excerpt from Wikipedia:
The Citadella is the fortification located upon the top of Gellért Hill in Budapest, Hungary. Citadella is the Hungarian word for citadel, a kind of fortress. The word is exclusively used by other languages to refer to the Gellért Hill citadel which occupies a place which held strategic importance in Budapest's military history.
The fortress was built in 1851 by Julius Jacob von Haynau, a commander of the Austrian Empire, and was designed by Emmanuel Zitta and Ferenc Kasselik, after the Hungarian Revolution of 1848. It occupies almost the entire 235 metres high plateau. The fortress is a U-shaped structure built about a central courtyard, being 220 metres long, 60 metres wide, and 4 metres tall. It had a complement of sixty cannons.
Actually built by Hungarian forced labourers, it was finished in 1854. In June 1854 Austrian troops settled in the citadel. After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and the establishment of Austria–Hungary, the Hungarians demanded the destruction of the Citadel, but the garrison troops left only in 1897, when the main gate was symbolically damaged. It was not until late 1899 when the city took possession of the Citadel. A few months later, in 1900, the walls were demolished.
In the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, Soviet troops occupied the Citadella and fired down into the city during the assault that overthrew the Nagy-led Hungarian government.
The Spandau Citadel (German: Zitadelle Spandau) is a fortress in Berlin, Germany, one of the best-preserved Renaissance military structures of Europe. Built from 1559–94 atop a medieval fort on an island near the meeting of the Havel and the Spree, it was designed to protect the town of Spandau, which is now part of Berlin. In recent years it has been used as a museum and has become a popular tourist spot. Furthermore, the inner courtyard of the Citadel has served as an open air concert venue in the summertime since 2005.
The ruins of the Citadel structure are remarkably well preserved. I guess the people who make the nearly 5 mile trek (includes steep slickrock, significant exposure and several scrambles) to see this remarkable place come to admire rather than damage. It is amazing to realize that a thousand years ago people lived here. Archeologists are uncertain as to why the people in this area abandoned their homes. It is thought drought, religious conflicts, over-population and/or warfare may have contributed to the abandonment.
The Citadel Ruin was built by ancient Puebloans under the lip of an overhang. Access requires traversing a long causeway and climbing over several obstructions. There is not much room on the ledge before a couple hundred-foot cliff. This ruin is far from regular sources of water and places to grow crops. With the defensive walls and secluded location, it is thought this was a place to go when threatened.
View from the citadel of the island of Symi. In the old days, this island was famous for its shipbuilders and sponge fishing. However, these sectors have now been declined, the population lives mainly from tourism.
Rasnov Citadel was built as part of a defence system for the Transylvanian villages exposed to outside invasions. Archaeological research revealed the existence of fortification traces on the citadel hill since prehistoric and Dacian times. The medieval citadel of today is considered to be built between 1211 and 1225, during the rule of Teutonic Knights in Burzenland (Țara Bârsei a historic and ethnographic area in southeastern Transylvania, Romania with a mixed population of Romanians, Germans and Hungarians).
The citadel has a simple architectonic style, similar to the ordinary houses of the time and adapted to the fortification requirements. The peasants used stones and bricks for building the walls, and woods for making the gates and platforms. The towers and walls are covered with roof tiles for preventing the fires from besiegers. The walls are 5 metres (16 ft) high and the widest part is constituted by the South wall which in some areas is 1.5 metres (4.9 ft) thick. (Wikipedia)
PLEASE, no multi invitations (none is better) in your comments. Thanks.
The flag tower seen from outside the Imperial Citadel. Hue, Vietnam
One of Vietnam’s seven UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the Imperial City of Hue. The Imperial City of Hue was a walled fortress and palace of the ancient city of Hue which was a capital city of the Nguyen Dynasty for 140 years date back from 1805 until 1945.
The place was planned to be built in 1803 and was constructed between the 27 years from 1805 to 1832, making it the most massive structure being built in the history of modern Vietnam involving thousands of workers, millions cubic meters of rock.
The Imperial City of Hue has a circumference of 10 kilometers (6.21mi) with the height of 6.6 meters (21.6ft) and 21 meters (68.9ft) thick with forts, accompanied by cannons, artilleries and ammunitions.
There are ten majestic gates leading to the Imperial City of Hue, which can be divided into two main parts excluding houses and mansions: The Citadel and The Forbidden City. The former served to protect the important palaces inside while the latter was where the emperor and the royal family stayed as well as the court’s workplace.
Blick über die Havel vom Bergfried (Juliusturm) der Zitadelle Spandau
Von der genialen Aussichtsplattform Juliusturm hat man einen grandiosen Blick über den Nordwesten Berlins.
ENG Berlin-Spandau citadel/ fortress:
The Spandau Citadel (German: Zitadelle Spandau) is a fortress in Berlin, Germany, one of the best-preserved Renaissance military structures of Europe. Built from 1559–94 atop a medieval fort on an island near the meeting of the Havel and the Spree, it was designed to protect the town of Spandau, which is now part of Berlin. In recent years it has been used as a museum and has become a popular tourist spot. Furthermore, the inner courtyard of the Citadel has served as an open air concert venue in the summertime since 2005.
The Citadel is the highest point of the Selçuk fortress in Alanya, Turkey. It was intended to serve as a last stand in case an enemy would have breached the outer defense (which, by the way, never happened). Certainly it wasn't a place you could easily withdraw from!
See in Google Maps: mapy.google.pl/maps?q=alanya&hl=pl&ll=36.532623,3...
The Fortress of Alanya in Turkey is built on the remnants of earlier Roman and Byzantine fortifications, on the 250 metres high rocky peninsula that juts out into the Mediterranean Sea. The sea protects it on three sides.
The fortress was built in the 13th century, following the city's conquest in 1221 by the Seljuk Sultan Alaaddin Keykubat I. Prior to the conquest, the city was known as Kalonoros (and Coracesium in the ancient times). The Sultan promptly renamed it Alaiye, in honour of himself, and made it his winter capital and Mediterranean naval base.
Under the Seljuks, Alanya began its golden era. The fortress itself, when completed, had 140 towers and 6,500 metres long walls. It was divided into the three sections: the harbour with the shipyard and its own fortifications, of which the still standing Red Tower is most famous; the middle section with some residential areas, and the inner section located at the highest point of the rocky hill, known as the Citadel which was intended to serve as a last stand in case the outer defenses would have been breached.
With the collapse of the Seljuk dynasty, control of Alanya passed to the Karamanoglu Dynasty in 1293. In 1427, the city was sold to the Egyptian Mamaluk Dynasty for 5,000 pieces of gold. In 1471, Alanya became part of the Ottoman empire when it was conquered by the Grand Vizier Gedik Ahmed Pasha. The Suleymaniye Mosque and Bedesten in the castle are important remains from the Ottoman period.
Things didn't go to plan at our 2 locations for the 5s,this being particularly unfortunate as the sun came out on the back of the train !
44871 and 45407 sounded superb as they headed north on the S+C on 13/4/2019
Copyright David Price
No unauthorised use
A man stands on top of the ruins and takes a selfie at Citadel Hill, an archeological site at the centre of downtown Amman, Jordan.
Essaouira, Morocco
Built in the 18th century by Genoese engineers during the reign of Mohammed III (Mohammed Ben Abdellah al-Khatib)
An Anasazi site whose physical structure made it easy to defend. An inspiring site not only for its history, but also for its natural beauty. Cedar Mesa, Utah.
Visible on the horizon are Comb Ridge and Sleeping Ute Mountain.
According to historical evidence, in 1686, Arang-khan began the construction of the citadel Kunya-ark at the western gates of Ichan-kala. The ark presented a complex multi-yard composition, containing a house for khan, the members of his family, and dignitaries. From the large numbers of constructions of the ark only several buildings of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century were preserved. They were the official reception hall (kurinishkhana), a mosque, the mint, and a harem. Previously, there were an arsenal, a powder-mill, and an official building, warehouses, a kitchen, guardhouses, a stable, and a parade area. Fortified gates led to the citadel. A high-cogged wall separated the ark from the neighborhood dwellings of Ichan-kala.
This is the citadel of Lleidr Castle, the center of a ruined fortress of central Avalonia, nestled in the eaves of a forest that has grown over it. A band of outlaws has made it their abode, calling themselves the Merry Men of Lleidr.
A build for the Summer Joust 2017, Castle Collaboration category. My teammates, and fellow Merry Men of Lleidr, are Henjin_Quilones and jonatansvenning (they are tagged below). It was a lot of fun to make and I was surprised how large I could make it. The build may be a bit grey in places and I wish I did have more brick to make something better but overall I am very pleased with it and I loved working within a team of other great builders. Oh yea and the edit is pretty bad, I still haven't got the hang of it :p
Hope you enjoy and C&C invited.
Neamț Citadel (Romanian: Cetatea Neamțului) is a medieval fortress located in north-eastern part of Romania, near Târgu Neamț, Neamț County. It was built in the 14th century Moldavia during Petru I and was expanded in the 15th century. The citadel played a key role in Stephen the Great's defense system against Ottoman Empire. (Wikipedia)
The medieval citadel of today is considered to be built between 1211 and 1225, during the rule of Teutonic Knights in Burzenland, although there is no evidence in this respect.
In 1335, during a Tatar incursion that ravaged Burzenland, Râșnov and Brașovia were the only citadels remaining unconquered. This is also the first documented attestation of the fortification.
In 1421 the first siege of an Ottoman army took place on the citadel.
In 1600, Michael the Brave along with his troops and his wife, Lady Stanca, retreated here after the defeat of Mirăslău.
The citadel was conquered only once, during the rule of Prince Gabriel Báthory, in 1612. The fall was caused by the lack of water due to the discovery of the path to a secret spring by the enemy troops.
Because of the lack of a source of water interior to the citadel, between 1623 and 1642 a 146 metres (479 ft) deep well was excavated in it.
In 1718 the citadel was partially destroyed by a fire, and in 1802 it was damaged by an earthquake.
In 1821 refugees from Wallachia (the resurgent movement led by Tudor Vladimirescu) retreated to the citadel.
Between 1848-1849, because the locality was being crossed by the Hungarian revolutionaries and the Austrian imperial troops, the villagers retreated to the citadel. This was the last mission of the citadel as a place of refugee and defence.
In 1850, due to the political situation and the diminution of the citadel's defensive role, the fortification was abandoned, becoming a ruin. There was only one guard left who had to announce the outbreak of fires by tolling a bell.
Because of the two world wars and the set up of the communist regime in Romania, the citadel was restored for the first time, barley, in the years 1955-1956
The Spandau Citadel (German: Zitadelle Spandau) is a fortress in Berlin, Germany, one of the best-preserved Renaissance military structures of Europe. Built from 1559–94 atop a medieval fort on an island near the meeting of the Havel and the Spree, it was designed to protect the town of Spandau, which is now part of Berlin. In recent years it has been used as a museum and has become a popular tourist spot. Furthermore, the inner courtyard of the Citadel has served as an open air concert venue in the summertime since 2005.