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The Botanical Garden of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków is respected for having the oldest collection of cycads (20 species) in Poland, and one of the oldest such collections in the world. A few of the aged specimen in the collection, including Palma de la Virgen (Dioon edule), were bought for the Garden in 1848 - they've been cultivated for more than 150 years.
Cycads (Cycadophyta), which were dominant vegetation at the time of the dinosaurs, are found across much of the subtropical and tropical parts of the world. The sporophyte is very much like a fern with a thick stem and long compound leaves called fronds. As the stem grows vertically in most species, they resemble tree ferns or palms (at least superficially). Common names reflect this (eg. sago palm).
There are three families of cycads, Cycadaceae, Stangeriaceae, and Zamiaceae. Though they are a minor component of the plant kingdom today, during the Jurassic period they were extremely common. They have changed little since the Jurassic, compared to some major evolutionary changes in other plant divisions. The cycad fossil record dates to the early Permian, 280 mya (million years ago). There is controversy over older cycad fossils that date to the late Carboniferous period, 300–325 mya.
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The Hortus Botanicus Leiden, nestled in the heart of the city, is a historical gem and a tranquil retreat. Established in 1590, it holds the distinction of being the oldest botanical garden in the Netherlands, with a rich collection that has grown over four centuries. Visitors can explore the Orangery from 1744, tropical greenhouses from 1938, and a winter garden from 2000, each offering a unique glimpse into the plant kingdom. The garden's commitment to education and conservation is evident through its diverse flora, including exotic species and historical plants like the old Tuliptree from 1716 and the Ginkgo from 1785. It's a place where nature's beauty is preserved and celebrated, providing a serene escape from the bustling city life.
The Hortus Botanicus Leiden, nestled in the heart of the city, is a historical gem and a tranquil retreat. Established in 1590, it holds the distinction of being the oldest botanical garden in the Netherlands, with a rich collection that has grown over four centuries. Visitors can explore the Orangery from 1744, tropical greenhouses from 1938, and a winter garden from 2000, each offering a unique glimpse into the plant kingdom. The garden's commitment to education and conservation is evident through its diverse flora, including exotic species and historical plants like the old Tuliptree from 1716 and the Ginkgo from 1785. It's a place where nature's beauty is preserved and celebrated, providing a serene escape from the bustling city life.
Gunnera tinctoria (molina) Mirb.
Family: Gunneraceae
The English names for Gunnera tinctoria are "Giant rhubarb" or "Chilean rhubarb", although it does not belong to the rhubarb family. This plant, photographed at Hortus Botanicus, Amsterdam, is more than 100 years old. The plant is under its winter covering of thick layers of leaves.