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What an amazing collection of plants from different points of the globe! You can see it in the Botanical Garden of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków.
You might imagine that a Frog like myself is delighted when a botanist also takes interest in Our Family. Richard Baron (1847-1907), a missionary to Madagascar from 1872 onwards, was a botanist, too, and a tireless geologist and herpetologist. He's the author of the first handbooks for geology and botany of the island in Malagasy. He loved Frogs, and one of our beautiful Malagasy relatives - Variegated Golden Frog, Mantella baroni - was named for him by a great, stay-at-home-in-Belgium naturalist, George Albert Boulenger (1858-1937) in 1888. How can I so green and black not be jealous of Baroni's golden-black markings?! I'd love to see that Family in person. But Madagascar...
Baron will not have encountered Baroni - who loves the dense, humid forests - where he found Aloe deltoideodonta. The Malagasy name Vahombato refers to the dry, granite areas where that plant grows. I needn't tell you much here about that history because Jean-Philippe Castillon in 2014 published a fine, updated article-length study of these Aloes: 'Nouvelle remarques sur l'identité de l'Aloe deltoideodonta Baker'. Ah! Yes: why Baker? well, John Gilbert Baker (1834-1920) wrote a flora of Madagascar commented upon by Castillon.
The photo shows a flowering stem of var. ruffingiana in the Hortus Botanicus; the inset is a close-up of a drop of nectar. Nobody watching me, I tasted it. Exquisite sweetness! But I forget my role: Frogs don't like sweets.
Henry Charles Andrews (c.1770-1830) was so taken by this pretty hybrid Tree Peony that he described and drew it twice for his The Botanist's Repository: in volume VI (1806) and VII (1807). He says it was introduced to England from China in 1794. In Japan 'Suffruticosa' is called the 'King of Flowers'.
Peonies had already been known in Europe for perhaps two centuries before. Lobelius (1538-1616), for example, discusses them. And there's a story that an English ambassador acquired the plant from the Dutch East Indies Trading Company in the early seventeenth century. But Peonies didn't become really popular until the beginning of the nineteenth century, a popularity that radiated from Britain. Indeed, I remember in my own youth a hundred and fifty years later my mother still associating Peonies with English Gardens.
The Hortus Botanicus in Amsterdam has a small but varied collection of plants from South Africa. Most are in the Temperate Greenhouse; this pretty, Platinum-White Pelargonium though is in the Arid House. It is said to be the widest-ranging of the Pelargoniums.
Perhaps it was first collected in South Africa by indefatigable Paul Hermann (1646-1695) who traveled widely with the Dutch East Indies Trading Company; from 1679 onwards he was the professor of botany at the University of Leiden and the director of the local botanical garden. In his catalogue of plants he describes it as growing there in 1687: 'Geranium africanum, alchemillae hirsuto folio, floribus albidis', as great Carolus Linnaeus has it with reference to Hermann. By 1693 it's already being cultivated by Jacob Bobart (1641-1719) in England. Its present scientific name was given it by Charles Louis l'Héritier de Brutelle (1746-1800) in 1789.
Interestingly, the Xhosa language of the Eastern Cape calls our Platinum-white Pelargonium by the name 'umtetebu'. That same word is used also for a totally different, vibrant orange or vermillion fllowering plant, well-known Cyrthantus contractus. I wonder how that can be...
Here in the brilliantly Sunny Amsterdam Botanical Garden is a Large Red Damselfly. She's just out of her nymph stage (thorax and eyes are still green; you can just see the red segments that give her the specific name 'Fire Body').
Our Dragon in Red is resting - drying out - on a flower of Rhododendron obtusum, an Azalea called 'Hiryū' (Flying Dragon) in Japan, whence hail many of these flamboyant plants.
A gloomy and chilly late-spring morning in the Hortus Botanicus, but Nottingham Catchfly stood white against the dark soil. Two nights had brought forth in the pretty flower two consecutive rings of stamens, the male principles of flowers, with their pollen. The inset shows them still proud and straight with even a few pollen grains. But to prevent self-pollination our Flower's stamens shrivel on the third day, and it isn't until then that the female principle - those three styles with their purple stigmas appear; in the inset you can just see them peeping out, and they grow out amazingly fast.
The main photo shows the Masculine Shrivels and those proud Feminine Conduits to the flower's ovary. There its ovules will be fertilised by pollen from another flower.
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Cleretum is the present-day name for what was earlier South Africa's Mesembryanthemum, Midday Flower, for Jacob Breyne (1637-1697) and Dorotheanthus, Dorothy's Flower, for Martin Heinrich Gustav Schwantes (1881-1951), in honor of his mother. It's not very clear why it is now Cleretum; it is said that name references the small pebbles that its leaves resemble. It's commonly known as Livingstone Daisy, the name given it by Samuel Ryder (1858-1936). Ryder was a business man, a golf enthusiast - the Ryder Cup was established by him 1927 - and also a professing Christian with great admiration for David Livingstone (1813-1875), the Scottish explorer of Africa and missionary.
They're hard to distinguish, Syrphus ribesii and Syrpus vitripennis. But judging from the color of the third femur - dark or even black - this is Glasswing, Lesser Banded Hoverfly. He's basking in the bright Spring Sun in the Hortus Botancius which isn't only a labeled plant collection but also a veritable Insect Zoo, challengingly unlabeled, of course..
The Hortus has a pleasant little plot with Barberrys from various provenances. Here in the main photo is Darwin's Barberry, discovered by great Charles Darwin in 1835 (see my description: www.flickr.com/photos/87453322@N00/17098687398/in/photoli...). It's a bit of an anomaly to see it in blossom in the present snowy weather.
The inset gives the fruit of Wintergreen Barberry. It wasn't scientifically described until the early 1900s. It hails from China. These colors certainly brighten a dark winter's day!
The Hortus Botanicus Leiden, nestled in the heart of the city, is a historical gem and a tranquil retreat. Established in 1590, it holds the distinction of being the oldest botanical garden in the Netherlands, with a rich collection that has grown over four centuries. Visitors can explore the Orangery from 1744, tropical greenhouses from 1938, and a winter garden from 2000, each offering a unique glimpse into the plant kingdom. The garden's commitment to education and conservation is evident through its diverse flora, including exotic species and historical plants like the old Tuliptree from 1716 and the Ginkgo from 1785. It's a place where nature's beauty is preserved and celebrated, providing a serene escape from the bustling city life.
This year the Hortus Botanicus has also planted a very pleasant vegetable garden. One of the plants brightening it even when the weather is the gloom of Spring is the golden yellow flower of Cucurbita pepo, Zucchini or Courgette. The vegetable hails from the Americas but gained general European kitchen favor in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries.