View allAll Photos Tagged Absorption
I used After Effects to make a 3D Hypercubus Cross, obviously inspired by Dali's famous painting. I found some fantastic free textures on Flickr Creative Commons created by J.L.Jones under the pseudonym SkeletalMess . Thanks Jerry for sharing your wonderful work, also available with much much more on the Shadowhouse Creations Blog.
I manipulated the textures, trimmed, rotated, lightened, darkened and recut them all to 1000x1000 pixels squares to make the sides of all the cubes. Well, the cubes actually have only the 4 visible sides. I took two shots with the virtual camera moving it sideways some, and came up with this stereo pair. Click here for a full screen version: homepage.mac.com/gaudel/WEBIMAGES/3Dhypercubuscross2500.jpg
I added the four little cubes to the Cross, changed the lighting in AfterEffects to make it glow, added a checkerboard floor made 3D with AfterEffects, and photographed Jesus and Mary Magdalene in 3D on a black stage. Mary was shot up close with a 28 mm, Jesus from a distance with a longer zoom. I assembled the pair on a black background, did a rough placement, and then adjusted them moving the left and right images in space forward and backward by sliding them sideways. There is actually a good deal of latitude. That's a pretty good start, and the depth is good. Click here to look at a full screen image:
homepage.mac.com/gaudel/WEBIMAGES/3DHYPERCUBUS2500.jpg
Now I need to add to it.
Since MM would not go behind the frame, I decided to leave her in front, enlarge the black canvas, and move the frame back. I added a new floor, the lighted globe in the night sky, the mummified Holy Spirit dove hovering, Adam's monkey skull at the foot of the Cross, and the poppy pod on an old mini cushion/scapular embroidered with IHS. Then I made the canvas even wider, and added Old Joseph in a polio brace and crutches to keep MM company... It became too much, and the Hypercubus Cross was getting lost. Click here for a full screen version:
homepage.mac.com/gaudel/WEBIMAGES/3DHYPERCUBUS+JOSEPH-SMA...
I cut out Joseph, removed the floor inside the frame, added a dark sky with red clouds I lifted off a picture on Flickr by , added another globe as a "Saturn" way back and a monstrance near the foot of the cross, moved Adam's Chimp skull forward. Finally, I went to South Alabama to visit family, and shot my first outdoor 3D pictures. A red Barn cut out from its background was dropped in the distance. All the pieces were strengthened and sharpened wit Topaz.
Perfect, I think I will leave it alone now and call it finished. How about a very special Dalinian title: "Stereoscopic Apparition of the Holy Spirit Hovering Over Mary Magdalene in Contemplation of a Vision of an Otherworldly Hypercubus Crucifixion Induced by the Absorption of Laudanum". Click here for the full screen version:
homepage.mac.com/gaudel/WEBIMAGES/3DHYPERCUBUS-3D-SHARP-Z...
This is a measurement of the vibronic band spacing in the absorption spectrum of the ozonide ion O3- in fluorite from the Hilton mine in Cumbria. The data are from two measurements using visible (green line) and near-UV (orange line) Ocean Optics spectrometers.
The technique, described in a previous post (see first comment below), involves the normalisation of the absorbance spectra using a polynomial fit to the overall band shape and then a fitting of the period of a sinusoid to give an estimate of Delta-k = 870 +/- 5 cm-1.
A band spacing of 800 - 900 cm-1 was found by Andrews (1975, scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/jcp/63/10/10.1063/1... ) for the O3- in Li and Na compounds.
C. V. Raman's famous paper on his observation of the colour of the sea whilst travelling by ship from England to India in 1921 is available from the Royal Society ( rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/101/708/64 ). It is a wonderful illustration of Raman's intense curiosity and analytical combination of theory and experiment. It marks the beginning of his interest in molecular scattering which, seven years later, resulted in his discovery with Krishnan of the inelastic molecular scattering that later took his name and won him the Nobel prize for physics.
There is much confusion in the literature about the causes of the colour of the sea - especially about the role of Raman scattering (of which Raman was of course unaware at this date). It is now realised, in the age of remote sensing of the ocean by satellite, that Raman scattering does play a relatively minor role in the red part of the spectrum. However the predominant effect is from molecular density fluctuations first described by Einstein and Smoluchowski in 1905 and 1906 respectively.
It is interesting to see if we really understand the colour of the ocean under a clear sky as seen from space: The Blue Planet, or the "Blue Marble" as NASA calls it.
See: visibleearth.nasa.gov/view.php?id=57723
and, more specifically, we can look at: eoimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/imagerecords/57000/57723/gl...
We should consider looking vertically downwards (the Gulf of Mexico in this case) with a high Sun - but not vertical (behind us) since we want to avoid the 'glint' (seen in this image round about the Baja peninsula). Assume the air is perfectly clear, i.e. no aerosols and no water vapour. Below the atmosphere is a calm sea of infinite depth with no suspended particulate matter: pure water.
Looking at the western globe image (actually a 'true colour' composite), we see that the Gulf water surface appears to be a very dark blue, a colour that is a combination of the light coming from the atmosphere and from the body and surface of the underlying water. Looking to the west (over the Pacific), the blue becomes lighter due predominantly to the increasing airmass as we move away from the vertical: more 'blue sky'.
The images shown above are the separate blue (left) and red (right) channels (B and R from the RGB (tiff) composite) from NASA'a western hemisphere Blue Marble. They show particularly clearly the effects of Rayleigh scattering from the clear parts of the sky and also the relatively higher luminosity emerging from the ocean in the blue part of the spectrum (compare the sea with the brightness of Florida).
The light coming from the clear sky is almost (modulo a different scattering angle) the same as a clear zenith sky seen from sea level - which is Rayleigh scattered sunlight. There will be a contribution from Raman scattering as well (the Ring Effect) but this will have little perceptible effect on the colour we see since the main result of this is a slight filling in of Fraunhofer spectral absorption lines. Since we have assumed no water vapour, the only remaining 'selective' (Raman's terminology) absorption will be due to O2, O3 and O4 which, apart from O2 in the far red, is very small. The attenuation of the scattered sunlight by extinction is small since both the Sun and our viewing angle see an airmass ~ 1. The atmosphere is essentially a single scattering screen.
The surface of the calm sea will reflect about 2% of the skylight back. The specular reflection of the Sun can sometimes bs seen as a 'glint'.
Within the body of the (pure) water we have the processes that Raman describes in his 1922 paper: selective absorption by liquid water at redder wavelengths, due to vibrational overtones in the water molecule, and elastic molecular scattering from fluctuations in the density of water molecules. This latter effect is like Rayleigh scattering from gas molecules but includes the interference resulting from phase relationships (coherence) between photons scattered by neighbouring molecules. There is also, of course the (inelastic) molecular scattering that Raman had not at that time discovered!
As in the atmosphere, the main effect of Raman scattering is to fill in absorption lines but this has little effect on the colour. Raman scattering is, however, sufficiently important in the sea that it is taken into account when measuring sea colour from satellites and retrieving information about particulate matter, including chlorophyll ( onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1029/2002GL014955/asset/... ). By down-scattering copious blue photons to redder wavelengths, the Raman scattering has its greatest fractional effect on water colour at red wavelengths where the selective absorption by water is large and the scattered red light is very weak. It is fascinating that in deep water (> a few 100m), fish have developed effective camouflage for downwelling blue light. However, some predatory fish have developed extreme red visual sensitivity that allows them to break this camouflage by using the very weak, isotropic red light that results from multiple Raman scattering of the copious blue photons (see: "The Optics of Life", Sönke Johnsen, Princeton University Press, 2012, p198).
The scattered light emerging from Sun-illuminated water comes mostly from around unit optical depth (tau) at each wavelength. The physical depth associated with tau = 1 in pure water is at its greatest value of about 50m at a blue wavelength of 480nm. This means that there is very little light emerging from deeper than a few hundred metres. In a way, the resulting spectrum is analogous to the sweep of twilight colours from red through pale apple-green to deep blue, the combination of the scattering source function tau(lam) ~ 1/lam^4, and the extinction sink function exp(-tau(lam)) results in the green-blue peak in the backscattered light that Raman describes.
This is illustrated in the plot above which is derived from Table 1 in Raman's paper where he presents the expected luminosity emerging from deep, sunlight-illuminated water expressed in terms of the brightness of a clear zenith sky (orange line) at each wavelength: corresponding to an 8km atmospheric path. In our diagram, a measurement of the flux from a blue sky (blue line) has been shown, normalised to 8km near 555nm. The green line is the product of these two curves (with the sky normalised now to unity near 555nm) and therefore represents the emergent flux/nm of light from an illuminated ocean. The weakness of the red light is due to the intrinsic absorption of water in the vibronic overtone bands - which increase in strength towards the red - and the the blue elastic scattering of water molecules in the green and blue. I reiterate that there is no Raman scattering in this plot and, if there were, it would make little difference.
So the bottom line is that the blue of the water is due predominantly to elastic molecular scattering, strongest in the blue, and to the intrinsic absorption of the red light exciting the internal vibrations of the water molecule. This results in a markedly different spectrum from that of the blue sky.
The addition of water vapor and aerosols to the atmosphere and particulate matter to the ocean will produce a range of effects that keep the Earth Resource community gainfully occupied, but I don't intend to discuss those here. However, look at some of the brilliant turquoise shallow waters on the Blue Marble!
In a flash, the visible spectrum of the Sun changed from absorption to emission on March 9 during the total solar eclipse. That fleeting moment, at the beginning the total eclipse phase, is captured by telephoto lens and diffraction grating in this image from clearing skies over Ternate, Indonesia. At left, the overwhelming light from the Sun is just blocked by the lunar disk. The normally dominant absorption spectrum of the solar photosphere is hidden. What remains, spread by the diffraction grating into the spectrum of colors to the right of the eclipsed Sun, are individual eclipse images. The images appear at each wavelength of light emitted by atoms along the thin visible arc of the solar chromosphere and in an enormous prominence extending beyond the Sun's upper limb. The brightest images, or strongest chromospheric emission lines, are due to Hydrogen atoms that produce the red hydrogen alpha emission at the far right and blue hydrogen beta emission to the left. In between, the bright yellow emission image is caused by atoms of Helium, an element only first discovered in the flash spectrum of the Sun. via NASA ift.tt/1pma33F
I once dated a woman with children, and it was at that time that I experienced something of an epiphany. It was through observing the curious, explorative, and absorptive nature of the child that I recognized that I had long since abandoned such passion and fervour for attention to detail. It seemed that with the passage of time, things were no longer new, and I had come to take for granted the ordinary, the mundane, that which was already known, understood, and accounted for.
There is something so compelling about witnessing a child learning, for the first time, the basic truths and natural processes of the universe that they are so new to—truths and natural processes we have long since accepted (or rejected) as a matter of course. It was as though I was time travelling back into my own childhood and observing myself, for I still recalled, to varying degrees of mental clarity, many detailed memories of my own childhood. This experience revealed to me a cross-generational bond and quintessential oneness that we all seem to share. As I looked upon the newest generation behind me, it occurred to me that my parent’s generation ahead, and theirs further ahead still, had already looked behind and in front of themselves as I now was.
The child has a voracious, insatiable appetite for knowledge, play, exploration, and experience. They are brimming and burgeoning with an endless stream of questions, and they are compelled to a perception of any and all things tangible and then some. Yet, they care very little, by comparison to ourselves, about superficies. They are not yet afraid to be silly, to pursue joy for the sake pursuing joy, and they are not afraid to be themselves. There is wisdom in children, you know.
The scene of this photograph was a novelty to me. The strips of bright LED lights shifted through a myriad of vibrant colour and seemed to be activated by a series of infrared motion detectors in each corner. I was intrigued, but how best to photograph something so…”mundane?” Moments later, the little girl and her mother showed up, apparently on their way to the nearby city library. When I made this photograph, I became cognizant that in actuality, I wasn’t merely photographing the little girl—I was photographing myself.
In a flash, the visible spectrum of the Sun changed from absorption to emission on March 9 during the total solar eclipse. That fleeting moment, at the beginning the total eclipse phase, is captured by telephoto lens and diffraction grating in this image from clearing skies over Ternate, Indonesia. At left, the overwhelming light from the Sun is just blocked by the lunar disk. The normally dominant absorption spectrum of the solar photosphere is hidden. What remains, spread by the diffraction grating into the spectrum of colors to the right of the eclipsed Sun, are individual eclipse images. The images appear at each wavelength of light emitted by atoms along the thin visible arc of the solar chromosphere and in an enormous prominence extending beyond the Sun's upper limb. The brightest images, or strongest chromospheric emission lines, are due to Hydrogen atoms that produce the red hydrogen alpha emission at the far right and blue hydrogen beta emission to the left. In between, the bright yellow emission image is caused by atoms of Helium, an element only first discovered in the flash spectrum of the Sun. via NASA
Amsterdam
June 2012
The Netherlands
Tourists..
They certainly liven up the place :)
But busy though..
Urban life in the Netherlands
Ricoh GRD IV
Please do not reproduce or use this picture without my explicit permission.
If you ask nicely I will probably say yes, just ask me first!
If you happen to be in one of my frames and have any objections to this.
Please contact me!
Please no glossy awards, scripted comments and big thumbnails back to your own work.
I will remove them...
Spectroscopy Absorptions.
Conceitos de óptica molecular luz de atividade compostos bioquímicos exposta,
углерод наблюдается физическое вращающиеся энантиомеры решение разделить центры раскол,
Bezeichnen Symmetriezentren abnehm mehrere Gruppen physikalische Gewicht Diastereomeren angegeben,
προβάλλοντας τύπους κάθετες γραμμές φασματομετρία ταχύτητα ακόρεστα υπέρυθρη μάζας αρωματικών ανησυχίες,
nitroalkanes reunion carboxylic reactiones derivationes structurae nucleophiles acida Chemiae synthesis,
curbate intelegerea mecanismelor de unire a lui orbital electroni de memorare ocupe poziții indică,
combinando trasferimento di idrogeno protonazione electronegativity controllo positivo passi carbocationi terziari forme,
Efekty nukleofilowość wodoru cząsteczki naładowane elektrony atakuje mocne równowagi podstawienia włączyć,
メチル基と反応の終了は、合成リングに取り組む一般的なエーテル化合物の酸安定性.
Steve.D.Hammond.
This is an ISO CAB… anything less than this is a foam filled box that will not provide your FOH mixer the control needed to deliver the sound you want to achieve. Always look to A&S for the Superior Solution.
Local community terracing to encourage maximum water absorption into the land, reducing run-off and soil erosion.
================
Nestlé is happy for you to use this image to illustrate a news story, blog or article. Please credit the photo: © Nestlé
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Genesee County Community Action Resource Department (GCCARD) Driver James Norman relies on a van to accomplish more than a hundred home deliveries of U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) Disaster Household Distribution Program (DHHDP) commodities to those in need and unable to pickup USDA Foods at the GCCARD facility, on Wednesday, October 5, 2016, in Flint, Michigan. USDA Foods are being packaged and delivered to 17,000 households eligible for The Emergency Food Assistance Program (TEFAP) in the Flint area to help address the ongoing water crisis. DHHDP packages are prepositioned in shopping carts in the onsite distribution area that includes receptionists, commodity shelves, assistants, and checkout counters. The DHHDP consists of an additional 14-pound nutrient-targeted food package, containing foods rich in calcium, iron, and Vitamin C â which are believed to help limit the absorption of lead in the body. This number of boxes will be distributed each month for four months. The food is in addition to the regular allotment that TEFAP recipients currently receive. Today's GCCARD packing team at their main facility includes Michigan government employees volunteering their personal time produced hundreds of Commodity Supplemental Food Program (CSFP) and TEFAP packages. CSFP works to improve the health of low- income elderly persons at least 60 years of age by supplementing their diets with nutritious USDA Foods. USDA photo by Lance Cheung.
For more information about USDA -- www.usda.gov
For more information about FNS -- www.fns.usda.gov
For more information about Disaster Nutrition Assistance Programs, including DHHDP -- www.fns.usda.gov/sites/default/files/disaster/Disaster-Br...
For more information about CSFP -- www.fns.usda.gov/csfp/commodity-supplemental-food-program...
For more information about TEFAP -- www.fns.usda.gov/tefap/emergency-food-assistance-program-...
@USDA
Christophe Higy and Philipp Gutfreund from the Institut Laue-Langevin prepare a sample for research they’re conducting on beam line CG-2 at the High Flux Isotope Reactor, or the General-Purpose Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Diffractometer instrument. They are investigating conformation changes of polyelectrolyte chains in LbL-films upon absorption at solid interfaces. Image Credit: Genevieve Martin/ORNL.
On July 26, Ambassador Daniel Shapiro visited the diverse “melting pot” city of Netanya, where he met with new immigrants who contribute to the city's vibrancy and success. During his visits to Ulpan Habenleumi and the Dora Community Center, Ambassador Shapiro highlighted the important contributions immigrants make both in the United States and Israel. The Ambassador enjoyed interacting with new immigrants from the former Soviet Union and Ethiopia, shared their stories, and witnessed their cultural performances. Ambassador Shapiro was warmly hosted by Mayor Miriam Fierberg-Ikar, who showed him the impressive advances the city has made in the past decade in business and tourism. The Ambassador also got to spend some quality time playing with special needs children at the Beit-Guy Day Care center, and witnessed the new techniques and extraordinary care provided to the children there.On July 26, Ambassador Daniel Shapiro visited the diverse “melting pot” city of Netanya, where he met with new immigrants who contribute to the city's vibrancy and success. During his visits to Ulpan Habenleumi and the Dora Community Center, Ambassador Shapiro highlighted the important contributions immigrants make both in the United States and Israel. The Ambassador enjoyed interacting with new immigrants from the former Soviet Union and Ethiopia, shared their stories, and witnessed their cultural performances. Ambassador Shapiro was warmly hosted by Mayor Miriam Fierberg-Ikar, who showed him the impressive advances the city has made in the past decade in business and tourism. The Ambassador also got to spend some quality time playing with special needs children at the Beit-Guy Day Care center, and witnessed the new techniques and extraordinary care provided to the children there.
On July 26, Ambassador Daniel Shapiro visited the diverse “melting pot” city of Netanya, where he met with new immigrants who contribute to the city's vibrancy and success. During his visits to Ulpan Habenleumi and the Dora Community Center, Ambassador Shapiro highlighted the important contributions immigrants make both in the United States and Israel. The Ambassador enjoyed interacting with new immigrants from the former Soviet Union and Ethiopia, shared their stories, and witnessed their cultural performances. Ambassador Shapiro was warmly hosted by Mayor Miriam Fierberg-Ikar, who showed him the impressive advances the city has made in the past decade in business and tourism. The Ambassador also got to spend some quality time playing with special needs children at the Beit-Guy Day Care center, and witnessed the new techniques and extraordinary care provided to the children there.
This Calotes Versicolor juvenile was basking on the palm tree trunk. It was smartly showing its throat's white area towards the sun to warm up quicker, but not to overheat. The scales absorb the heat, while the white color dissipates the surplus heat as it reflects more than absorption.
This was shot right after it yawned and about to close its mouth.
This tree had been uprooted by a flash flood who knows how long ago, but this massive stone is completely encased just below the old ground level inside the roots.
Organic dyes with strong near infrared absorption are layered onto a substrate to create organic photovoltaics inside Stephen Forrest’s lab at the G.G. Brown Building on North Campus in Ann Arbor, MI on July 28, 2020.
These semi-transparent OPVs are attractive energy conversion devices for integration onto window panes, skylights, and building facades, providing an opportunity for increasing solar energy harvesting on building surfaces.
Photo: Robert Coelius/University of Michigan Engineering, Communications & Marketing
On July 26, Ambassador Daniel Shapiro visited the diverse “melting pot” city of Netanya, where he met with new immigrants who contribute to the city's vibrancy and success. During his visits to Ulpan Habenleumi and the Dora Community Center, Ambassador Shapiro highlighted the important contributions immigrants make both in the United States and Israel. The Ambassador enjoyed interacting with new immigrants from the former Soviet Union and Ethiopia, shared their stories, and witnessed their cultural performances. Ambassador Shapiro was warmly hosted by Mayor Miriam Fierberg-Ikar, who showed him the impressive advances the city has made in the past decade in business and tourism. The Ambassador also got to spend some quality time playing with special needs children at the Beit-Guy Day Care center, and witnessed the new techniques and extraordinary care provided to the children there.
Deep Longitudinal ~ Strike Phase
The deep longitudinal kinetic chain is an energy absorption system. As we interact with gravity, in relationship with the swing phase, we are essentially falling forward. The strike phase of the gait absorbs kinetic energy to be retranslated into the stance phase, the lateral kinetic chain.
*
Mobility
I’m wondering if the word mobility is misunderstood.
Mobility is not just about passive or active range of motion (ROM). ROM is the measurable range a joint has available. However, it is important to ask the question whether that available range is safe for the structure. The answer to that question must take into consideration that the structure needs stability, or more importantly, dynamic stability which helps keep the structure safe.
Dynamic stability is the availability of muscular activation that supports the structure during movement. It does this by activating the fascial system to create a dynamic supportive environment for three-dimensional movement: some tissues are shortening, others are staying in a relatively neutral position, while other tissues are lengthening. This is known as concentric, isometric, and eccentric contraction. The players involved need to participate in their role by creating a safe, dynamically changing environment.
Having ROM without dynamic stability is potentially dangerous for the structure. When movement deviates, or the demands on the structure require dynamic stability, and that stability is not available, the nervous system’s motor control center and reflexive movement strategies must come up with a solution to keep the structure safe from real or perceived threat of injury. At that moment when a strategy is derived, the nervous system learns a compensation pattern. This is a coping strategy. It is a necessary survival method to ensure adaptation to a changing environment. This is why I talk about compensations potentially having both positive and negative attribute
[via "Applied Anatomy" on fb]
On July 26, Ambassador Daniel Shapiro visited the diverse “melting pot” city of Netanya, where he met with new immigrants who contribute to the city's vibrancy and success. During his visits to Ulpan Habenleumi and the Dora Community Center, Ambassador Shapiro highlighted the important contributions immigrants make both in the United States and Israel. The Ambassador enjoyed interacting with new immigrants from the former Soviet Union and Ethiopia, shared their stories, and witnessed their cultural performances. Ambassador Shapiro was warmly hosted by Mayor Miriam Fierberg-Ikar, who showed him the impressive advances the city has made in the past decade in business and tourism. The Ambassador also got to spend some quality time playing with special needs children at the Beit-Guy Day Care center, and witnessed the new techniques and extraordinary care provided to the children there.
what appear to be a moment of reflection, in reality is a moment of absorption. like we all this man was deeply focused on his handheld phone ... nothing new, i'm addicted too:)
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Example of vintage asbestos advertising, marketed toward the sound-absorption quality of asbestos fiber. Not just for fireproofing, spray-applied asbestos materials were used in a wide variety of applications.
In a flash, the visible spectrum of the Sun changed from absorption to emission on March 9 during the total solar eclipse. That fleeting moment, at the beginning the total eclipse phase, is captured by telephoto lens and diffraction grating in this image from clearing skies over Ternate, Indonesia. At left, the overwhelming light from the Sun is just blocked by the lunar disk. The normally dominant absorption spectrum of the solar photosphere is hidden. What remains, spread by the diffraction grating into the spectrum of colors to the right of the eclipsed Sun, are individual eclipse images. The images appear at each wavelength of light emitted by atoms along the thin visible arc of the solar chromosphere and in an enormous prominence extending beyond the Sun's upper limb. The brightest images, or strongest chromospheric emission lines, are due to Hydrogen atoms that produce the red hydrogen alpha emission at the far right and blue hydrogen beta emission to the left. In between, the bright yellow emission image is caused by atoms of Helium, an element only first discovered in the flash spectrum of the Sun. via NASA ift.tt/1pma33F
The setting Sun on June 30, 2014 as it set into a hazy or dusty sky and turned deep red/magenta, above the horizon clouds. I shot this through the 66mm William Optics apo refractor with the Canon 60Da camera at ISO 100. This is a composite of two exposures: longer for the sky and shorter for the Sun and details on the disk. A large sunspot group is on the eastern limb. This was shot without a filter -- atmospheric extinction dimmed the Sun enough naturally.
New pictures from an old piece of work (late 90ies, I'd say) that still has its charm and is kept on display.
This 8x8" base with a street scene was inspired by the Patlabor 2 movie. It shows/presents Ohta's Ingram #2 on patrol in the Tokyo suburbs, after public terror warning has been given.
A military armored patrol car supports the police team in the background - and two officers with gas masks are dealing with the traffic.
The Ingram was built mostly OOB; kit improvements include added hydraulic rams under the head, but that's all.
The pose I chose for the Imgram is supposed to express: "Oh, it is snowing..." ^^
The armored vehicle to the right is actually a converted ESCI 1:72 Humber Mk.II kit.
Changes include different wheels ans suspension (bigger and broader, actually from an old Takara Dougram kit) and external details like the IR camera pod on the turret. Its paint scheme is standard JGSDF scheme (bronze green and dark earth), plus a coat of snow (see below), which crumpled down very naturally, giving the small tank a realistic appearance.
I also had the typical 1:60 Patlabor police buggy in store, but that was used in the Tokyo street base for Ingram #1. It's just a prop for the background, but I took some detail shots of it.
The figures with gas masks in fronmt are also from ESCI and actually 1:72 - but due to their size, they match well with 1:60 scale Japanese people... They come from a ground crew kit from an airplane model.
After consulting some reference pictures, the traffic lights were built from scratch, as well as the power pole and the rad barriers. The barbed wire is just thin, painted wire. The wood fence to the left is made from balsa wood, painted with a water-based dye.
The billboard is a scan from a movie ad from a Japanese magazine (it looks SO trashy!).
The tree is also self-made, from a real piece of wood and some islandic moss, plus snow on top to cover it up.
All the snow on diorama and kits was made with sieved white joint filling, some water and a hard brush. It is, up to date, the best stuff I found in order to simulate clumpy snow in scales around 1:35-72. And it is also stable in color, it does not turn yellow over time and with humidity absorption like plaster.
Title: Technician at work, UV-634 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer mono calibration, Varian Techtron, 679 Springvale Road, Mulgrave
Author / Creator: Sievers, Wolfgang, 1913-2007 photographer.
Date: 1974.
Varian Techtron was the result of a merger between the Australian company Techtron and the American firm Varian Associates in 1967. The Springvale Road site (then in Springvale North, but now in Mulgrave) was established by Techtron and is still in use, but now as Agilent Technologies (which acquired Varian in 2009). Techtron Appliances was established in 1938 and it and its successor companies have produced a variety of electronic and analytic equipment for industry and scientific research, notably including Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometers (AAS) to CSIRO specifications.
See locale on Google Maps.
Subjects:
Varian Techtron Employees.
Atomic absorption spectroscopy Calibration.
Atomic absorption spectroscopy Instruments.
Industrial technicians.
Portrait photographs.
Gelatin silver prints.
Index terms:
Australia; Victoria; Wolfgang Sievers; Mulgrave; technicians; atomic absorption spectroscopy; Varian Techtron
Notes:
Job number inscribed in pencil on reverse of image: 4314 AE
Vintage print with the photographer's studio stamp on reverse.
Title taken from information supplied by Varian Australia, courtesy of the photographer.
Printed by Wolfgang Sievers at an unknown date from his negative made in 1974.
Copyright status: This work is in copyright
Conditions of use: Copyright restrictions apply.
For Copyright queries, please contact the National Library of Australia.
Source: SLV
Identifier(s): Accession no: H2000.195/244
Source / Donor: Purchased 2000.
Series / Collection: Wolfgang Sievers collection.
Link to online item:
handle.slv.vic.gov.au/10381/308721
Link to this record:
search.slv.vic.gov.au/permalink/f/1fe7t3h/SLV_ROSETTAIE18...
search.slv.vic.gov.au/permalink/f/1fe7t3h/SLV_VOYAGER1757464
Technicians assemble a monochromator at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL). Monochromators are used by X-ray scientists to "tune" a high-intensity beam of X-ray light generated by a synchrotron to very specific energies, using principles analogous to how a prism splits visible light into different colors. This model of monochromator uses liquid nitrogen to keep the precision crystal "prisms" inside cool—in this case, -192 C. The X-ray beam striking the prisms would otherwise heat the crystals sufficiently to cause them to warp.
This unit is being assembled for installation at the Canadian Light Source in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.
(Brad Plummer/SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)
The spectra of three diamonds
Although diamond has the simplest possible chemical formula, it can exhibit large variety of luminescence behaviours. I took three of the small diamonds from my collection and looked at their visible absorption and luminescence spectra.
The diamonds are labelled:
xtal: An octahedral crystal ~2mm on a side with small black (graphite?) inclusions
b: one of a set of small (1-2mm) diamonds given to me by Gérard Barmarin
green: A cut (0.12ct) diamond that has been irradiated in a nuclear reactor and appears a pale apple-green colour
The luminescence spectra of the three diamonds were obtained with excitation by a 50mW 406.9nm violet laser and a 300mW 532.2nm green laser. For the green laser measurement a BG38 filter was used between the laser and the sample to remove the ~800nm pumping signal and an OG570 filter used between the sample and the spectrometer input collimator to block the elastically scattered laser light but to include Raman lines beyond a shift of about 800cm-1.
The luminescent colours of the diamonds excited with a 384nm LED are shown in the image at the top right of two of the plots.
Most of the luminescence centres in diamond are related to nitrogen atoms since these have an atomic radius very close to that of carbon. The centres generallly consist of vacancies in the carbon lattice but can include other impurity atoms such as boron and nickel.
The spectral plot has been divided into overlapping blue and red sections that show the response of the three diamonds to 407 and 532 nm laser excitation. There is also an absorption spectrum of the green diamond which, in addition to the very broad absorption band centred at around 620nm and responsible for the green colour, shows two distinct but weak narrow absorption lines at 416 and 503nm arising from the self absorption in the zero-phonon lines of the N3 and H3 centre fluorescence respectively.
List of spectral features and their likely identification.
Centre----------------Wavelength (nm)
_______________________________________
N3 ZPL-------------------------415.8
N3 abs-------------------------415.8
N3-------------------------------429
Raman I ex 406.9nm-----430.2 (1332 cm-1)
N3-------------------------------439
N3-------------------------------452
N3-------------------------------465
S2-------------------------------489.9
S3-------------------------------496.7
H3-------------------------------503.2
H4-------------------------------505
H4-------------------------------513
H3+H4+S2 + abs ~523
H4-------------------------------529
S3-------------------------------537
Raman I ex 532.2nm-----572.8 (1332 cm-1)
N-V^0 ZPL--------------------576
Graphite xtal?---------------578.3 (1500 cm-1)
Raman II ex 532.2nm-----613 (2467 cm-1)
N-V^- ZPL---------------------639
N-V^- 1 phonon-------------660
?---------------------------------742
_______________________________________
Many of the diamond defects are associated with nitrogen atoms and vacancies in the carbon lattice and there is an extensive literature on the subject and much interest from solid state physicists and engineers. In particular the negatively charged nitrogen vacancy centre known as N-V^- has properties that are of great importance in the development of quantum computing since individual ionic vacancies can be addressed with lasers. The plots show the narrow zero-phonon lines (ZPL) from both the neutral defect, N-V^0 at 576nm and the negative defect, N-V^- at 639nm. These narrow lines (which are much stronger at low temperatures rather than the room temperature (293K) used here) are accompanied by a set of broader phonon sidebands that extend to longer wavelengths. The ZPL represents the electronic transition between the lowest vibrational levels of two electronic states. The phonon sidebands appear at shorter wavelengths in absorption and at longer wavelengths in emission in a manner determined by the Franck-Condon principles.
Other common defects are N3, consisting of three substitutional nitrogen atoms bound to a single vacancy or carbon atom: H3 and H4 that are connected with a pair of nitrogen atoms and a single vacancy in slightly different configurations; and S2 and S3, the first due to a single nitrogen atom associated with two vacancies and the second to a combination of several nitrogen atoms and a single vacancy. As far as I am aware, not all of the luminescence centres in diamond have yet been fully identified and understood.
In addition to the fluorescent emission lines in the spectra that appear at a fixed energy/wavelength, diamonds exhibit a set of characteristic inelastically scattered (Raman) lines that appear at a fixed energy difference from that of the exciting (monochromatic) light source. The most famous of these is the strong, well-known line with a Raman shift of 1332cm-1 that arises from the fundamental vibrational mode of the carbon lattice. It is possible to see overtones of this line although these are faint and have a complex structure (see the lovely 1946 paper by Krishnan, one or Raman's colleagues: repository.ias.ac.in/30540/ ). All three of the spectra here show both the first order at 572.8nm and the second order Raman line at 613nm (2467cm-1) excited by the 532.2nm laser. In the blue, I see only the first order Raman line excited by the 406.9nm laser at 430.2nm and this is blended with the first phonon sideband of the N3 defect luminescence.
In one of my 532nm laser excited spectra of the diamond xtal, I see a narrow line at 578.3nm that does not show up in all spectra. This diamond contains a few small black inclusions which are most probably graphite. I tentatively identify this line with the raman line from graphite which can range from Raman shifts of 1335cm-1 for amorphous material to 1575cm-1 for crystalline graphite. The Raman shift I measure is 1500cm-1. However, I am not at all sure of this ID.
I hope this experiment will help orient people who are interested in diamond spectra to get started with this somewhat bewildering topic. I was certainly bewildered when I started! I can't present myself as an expert in this field and there may well be some mistakes and misunderstandings in this description but, if there are, I will correct them as I learn more. I made use of the books by Gaft et al. (2005, "Luminescence Spectroscopy of Minerals and Materials", Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, p100 and p187) and by Gorobets & Rogojine (“Luminescent Spectra of Minerals” Moscow, 2002) as well as some of the extensive journal literature.
Note: These measurement of the luminescence spectra were reduced with a new (Cal #9) radiative flux calibration based on the Solar (outside the atmosphere) flux from the Hubble Space Telescope Calibration Database and a transmission model of the Earth's atmosphere at the appropriate zenith distance. The actual calibration curve used for the measurements is from an observation of a halogen filament lamp which has been adjusted to fit the solar flux data. The result is a relative flux scale in energy units per nm which removes the fine pixel-to-pixel sensitivity variations from the spectrometer detector. The result is smooth flux spectra with photon (poisson) fluctuations being the dominant noise source.
The well-understood benefit of sunlight is the production of vitamin D. When skin is exposed to sunlight, a series of chemical reactions begin that converts precursors of vitamin D to the active form of vitamin D. Vitamin D is needed for the intestinal absorption of calcium and the maintenance of calcium and phosphate levels necessary for healthy bone formation. It is also important for proper immune function, cell growth, and nerve and muscle function. Some foods naturally supply vitamin D, such as fish and liver. Other foods, such as milk and cereal, are typically fortified with vitamin D.
1. Sunlight and whole foods send breast cancer into remission. The American physician Dr. Zane Kime used sunbathing and nutrition to cure his patients. Even in terminal cases, Dr. Kime was able to completely reverse the metastasized cancer.
2. The sun's light kills bad bacteria. The German solders after WWI knew of the discoveries that had been made in 1903 by the Nobel Prize winner, Niels Finsen. They used sunlight to disinfect and heal wounds.
3. Sunlight has a beneficial effect on skin disorders, such as psoriasis, acne, eczema and fungal infections of the skin.
4. Sunlight lowers cholesterol. The sun converts high cholesterol in the blood into steroid hormones and the sex hormones we need for reproduction. In the absence of sunlight, the opposite happens; substances convert to cholesterol.
5. The sun's rays lower blood pressure. Even a single exposure significantly lowers blood pressure in individuals with high blood pressure. On the other hand, pharmaceutical drugs such as Statins have side effects, such as robbing the body of Coenzyme Q10. CoQ10 is essential for cellular and heart energy
6. Sunlight penetrates deep into the skin to cleanse the blood and blood vessels. Medical literature published in Europe showed that people with atherosclerosis (hardened arteries) improved with sun exposure.
7. Sunlight increases oxygen content in human blood. And, it also enhances the body's capacity to deliver oxygen to the tissues; very similar to the effects of exercise. The sun has a great effect on stamina, fitness and muscular development.
8. Sunlight builds the immune system. The white blood cells, which increase with sun exposure, are called lymphocytes, and these play a major role in defending the body against infections.
9. Regular sunlight exposure increases the growth and height of children, especially babies. Many cultures throughout history have recognized this fact. Studies have shown the amount of sun exposure in the first few months has an effect on how tall the person grows.
10. Sunlight can cure depression. The noon sunshine can deliver 100,000 lux. When we sit in offices for the best part of the day, out of the sun, under neon and artificial lights (150-600 lux), we are depriving ourselves of the illumination of nature. Sunlight deprivation can cause a condition called seasonal affective disorder (SAD), a form of depression. It is more common in winter months, but also common in people who work long hours in office buildings .Exposure to the sun should be done SLOWLY! If you are not used to the sun, then your skin will be more sensitive to it. Avoid sunburn by building up your tolerance SLOWLY. There are many known benefits of sunlight on mood and health, but regular sunlight exposure also can have long-lasting, positive effects on bone health, heart health, immunity and disease prevention. Sunlight often serves to encourage exercise, physical activity, travel and social interactions.
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