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Day 3 Urban Transformation Summit 2022 in The Madison, Detroit, Mi on October 12
Strategy Session: Charting a Path to Sustainable Urban Mobility
Participants: Shin-per Tsay, Director, Policy for Cities and Transportation, Uber Technologies; Chris Thomas, Co-Founder and President, Detroit Mobility Lab; Felipe Ramirez, Director of Urban Mobility, World Resources Institute; Jeroen Kok, Lead, Global Payment and Mobility, Rebel Group; Joshua Martiesian, Head, Urban Mobility, North America, Visa; Julie Johnson, Head, Marketing Development and Groth Strategy, North America, Volta Trucks; Trevor Pawl, Chief Mobility Officer, State of Michigan
A glimpse of Pacific's summit after a long, arduous climb up the talus slope to the east.
2015-09-13_10.40.03_CO-PacificPeak
The airy ridge of Timpanogos summit at 11752 ft. The summit hut behind me, Emerald Lake far below me to the left.
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summit: 1. a meeting of chiefs of governments or other high officials
2. The highest point, level or degree that can be attained.
By the end of the 13th century a few large crosses had been erected in passes and on hills. Examples from this period include the Confin Cross in St. Valentin on the Mals Heath, which also acted as a boundary marker, or crosses on the Arlberg, the Gardena Pass or Birnlücke. An early example of large crosses, visible from the valley floor, being set up on mountain tops, occurred during the first successful climb of Mont Aiguille in 1492, when three crosses were put up at the corner of the summit plateau. In the 16th century crosses were erected with increasingly frequency on mountain peaks, especially for the purpose of marking alpine pasture and municipal boundaries. In the 17th century, especially during the Thirty Years' War, these religious symbols gained importance. The crosses of this period were mostly of simple, wooden crosses hewn from branches found near the site or house crucifixes. During this time crosses were often made with two cross beams in the form of so-called patriarchal crosses (or Scheyern crosses). These "weather crosses" were intended to supersede the old pagan superstitions associated with thunder, storm and hail. Further layers of Christian imagery for the Romantic generation made summit crosses a motif favoured by Caspar David Friedrich more than one mystic landscape.
In the 19th century the summits of many mountains were adorned usually with simple, wooden crosses during the course of mountaineering expeditions or survey work, both of which were on the increase. Large summit crosses in the modern sense designed specifically for mountain tops by expert craftsmen were not really introduced until the end of the 19th century. One known exception is the Kleinglockner and Grossglockner, which were given large summit crosses in 1799 and 1800 as part of their first ascent. These crosses, in addition to their religious function were also used, for example, as lightning conductors and fitted with meteorological instruments such as barometers. During the 19th century there were several attempts to erect secular symbols such as pyramids, obelisks or flags instead of crosses, usually dedicated to secular rulers. One example was the construction of the so-called Emperor Obelisk on the Ortler in 1888. The 20th century introduced modern materials and technology: A summit cross erected in 1977 on Carrauntoohil, the highest summit in Ireland, originally featured a windmill that powered light bulbs on the cross.
That summit crosses express can be exemplified by the crosses erected and re-erected on the comparatively insignificant Butte de Warlencourt, a pre-Christian tumulus on the Somme, only some 20m above the surrounding terrain but a scene of intense fighting during World War I, when it was the objective of costly and fruitless British attacks during the battle of the Somme: "this pagan memorial was Christianized by bombardment and large numbers of dead," claimed by a British cross (1917), then a German one (1918), which was removed during the interwar period and replaced by soldiers of the Wehrmacht, in "a symbolic conflict of ownership fought with cruciform images."
The erection of summit crosses experienced a boom in the early 20th century. Even after the Second World War, many new crosses were erected. Communities often organized this sometimes very expensive and logistically difficult task on very high mountain peaks in the memory of the fallen, and war veterans in particular were often involved in their installation. A famous example from this period is the cross at the Zuckerhütl, whose construction was filmed in 1947, a year later. Today summit crosses are often put up by the local tourist association or the branch of the Alpine Club.
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To resume, Summit Crosses were mounted for the purpose of land boundaries. Today, many other reasons exist. Although, I would still love to know further back in time than to what Wikipedia has to offer. From its origin, to why the first person decided to mount a cross on a summit.
"“Chaîre kecharitomene, ho Kyrios meta sou”, “Hail, [rejoice] full of grace, the Lord is with you” (Lk 1:28). These are the words — recorded by Luke the Evangelist — with which the Archangel Gabriel addresses Mary. At first sight the term chaire “rejoice”, seems an ordinary greeting, typical in the Greek world, but if this word is interpreted against the background of the biblical tradition it acquires a far deeper meaning. The same term occurs four times in the Greek version of the Old Testament and always as a proclamation of joy in the coming of the Messiah (cf. Zeph 3:14, Joel 2:21; Zech 9:9; Lam 4:21).
The Angel’s greeting to Mary is therefore an invitation to joy, deep joy. It announces an end to the sadness that exists in the world because of life’s limitations, suffering, death, wickedness, in all that seems to block out the light of the divine goodness. It is a greeting that marks the beginning of the Gospel, the Good News.
But why is Mary invited to rejoice in this way? The answer is to be found in the second part of the greeting: “The Lord is with you”." – Benedict XVI.
Stained glass window from the Dominican nuns' chapel in Summit, NJ.
Day 3 Urban Transformation Summit 2022 in The Madison, Detroit, Mi on October 12
Strategy Session:Designing Cities for Healthy Living
Participants: Jennifer Gress, Chief, Sustainable Transportation and Communities Division, California Environmental Protection Agency; Jose Antonio Torre Medina, Director, Citizen Centred Urbanism, Monterrey Institute of Technology; Patrick Seeb, Executive Director, Destination Medical Center (DMC); Stacey Flanagan, Director, Health and Human Services, City of Jersey City
Great Orme Tramway car 7 'St Trillo' approaches the Summit station completing its journey from the Halfway station in June 2024.
All images on this site are exclusive property and may not be copied, downloaded, reproduced, transmitted, manipulated or used in any way without expressed written permission of the photographer. All rights reserved – Copyright Don Gatehouse
Sacred to the Hawaiian people and traditionally known as Pu’u o Kūkahau’ula, Mauna Kea summit or Pu’u Wekiu is 13,796 feet (4205 m) above sea level, the highest point in the state of Hawaii.
With the summit of Un-named peak GR 380492 in the foreground and Mt Baldy below me to the right, i enjoy the climax of another weekend run in the Rockies (this time with my Canon & new SIgma 10-20). Get busy living...
B76 and X31 power away from Wandong towards the summit of the Great Dividing Range at Heathcote Junction as 9344 loaded Hanson quarry train from Kilmore East to Westall.
Saturday 1st July 2017
One of New York's newest architectural icons, One Vanderbilt is a 93-story supertall skyscraper at 42nd St and Vanderbilt Ave.
Upon opening in April 2021, it was the 4th tallest building in NYC.
The observation deck, SUMMIT, opened in late October 2021. The three floors of mirrored surfaces have made it a a must-visit for Instragramers and aspiring fashion models.
The building offers views of the Chrysler Building, rooftops across midtown, but the star is the Empire State Building to the south.
Second Marine Division Band playing during the 2023 National Scout Jamboree at The Summit Bechtel Reserve in Mount Hope, West Virginia. (BSA Photo by Leo He)
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20230725-09-25-22--LH date - 7/25/23 time - 09:25:22
This was at the summit over looking the valley. I have a habit of holding my breath when taking a picture, to keep the camera steady, with the altitude I was at I almost passed out for lack of oxygen. One day later it was even more golden, if you can imagine.
This was one of those shots where I wanted to jump up and down in excitement...Absolutely no enhancement...All Gods doing not mine!
(I did use a polarizer and turned it until I got the strongest color)
Don Andrew & Max on the top of Ben Rinnes December 2013. It was bitterly cold up here I have no idea of the wind chill factor but extremely cold. Max however didn't seem to mind a bit, we stayed well wrapped up.
10/02/2014 (Mon) 1317 Shap Summit (Cumbria) 66433 loading 6C28 1520 Shap Summit - Carlisle yd ballast 3900xx 1M12 1140 Glasgow - Euston
Eagle Scout mascot meeting scouts/families during the 2023 National Scout Jamboree at The Summit Bechtel Reserve in Mount Hope, West Virginia. (BSA Photo by Leo He)
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20230722-11-14-42--LH date - 7/22/23 time - 11:14:42
"Gimli", American Kestrel held by Three Rivers Avian handler Caleb Keneipp during the 2023 National Scout Jamboree at The Summit Bechtel Reserve in Mount Hope, West Virginia. (BSA Photo by James Chaplin)
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20230721-11-45-14-72-JC date - 7/21/2023 time - 11:45:14 AM