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U.S. Customs and Border Protection and Department of Defense held a joint media tour focusing on Operation Secure Line at the CBP Hidalgo Port of Entry in Hidalgo, Texas on November 9, 2018. Photo by Ozzy Trevino

U.S. Customs and Border Protection and Department of Defense held a joint media tour focusing on Operation Secure Line at the CBP Hidalgo Port of Entry in Hidalgo, Texas on November 9, 2018. Photo by Ozzy Trevino

The Zoning dept sent me a note to secure the front door; got the house through tax-liens. I let the son of the woman who owned it live there for at least three years (she died) without paying rent, he recently moved out. It smelled like piss inside . . . I didn't see if it had a bathroom or kitchen! (Stupid me!)

 

UPDATE (June 27, 2009): Got a call from someone interested in buying the house . . . they looked closer and told me it can't be fixed and should be torn down! The City offered to tear it down for me. It's made of adobe, which is hard to restore.

 

UPDATE (Feb. 22, 2010): Someone started a fire in the house so the City is going to tear it down for free.

 

UPDATE: The house is no longer there.

Churchill, Manitoba, Canada

 

I love to snorkel, have snorkeled a lot, both with and without a wetsuit, and in many different locations, but this was the first time wearing a 7mm wetsuit. It was so thick that I needed help getting into it. In addition to the full body wetsuit there was another piece, kind of a vest with shorts attached that I had to step into, then pull up and zip up. There were thick gloves, booties and a hood with a bib that covered my head neck and chin. The hood didn’t fit correctly; the chin portion was too close to my lower lip. I think the bib should have been tucked lower and more securely underneath the vest.

 

Once on board the zodiac we were given instructions. We were to enter the water and hold onto the rope alongside the top of the zodiac while our wetsuits filled with water so that our bodies would acclimate to the cold water. No problem for me, I love cold water.

 

The wetsuit was so buoyant that I wasn’t in control. The current carried my legs underneath the zodiac as I held tightly onto the rope alongside the top of the zodiac. As my legs were being pulled underneath the zodiac I put my head back trying to free my legs. At that moment my snorkel filled with water. I spit out the water and pulled the snorkel from my mouth as I held onto the rope with my left hand, legs still underneath the zodiac. To my horror the chin portion of the hood slid into my mouth making it difficult to talk and to breath. I couldn’t breathe out of my nose because my mask was still in place, and I couldn’t remove the neoprene from my mouth because of the thick gloves. I tried yelling for help hoping the guide in the zodiac would reach over the side with his bare hands and take the chin portion of the hood out of my mouth.

 

He does come to my aid. He looks at me as I’m saying I can’t breathe and he tells me to give him my hand. He tries to pull me up into the zodiac by my right arm, but he can’t. My legs are still going under the zodiac because of the current and I’m holding onto the rope with my left hand. I’m also mumbling that I can’t breathe, but he doesn’t get the hint to pull the neoprene out of my mouth. I’m beginning to panic when he yells, “GIVE ME YOUR LEG".

 

Somehow I get my left leg out of the water enough for him to grab hold. He pulled so hard that he yanked me into the zodiac with great force. I fell in-between the side of the zodiac and the wooden platform in the center. I’m still saying that I can’t breathe, I still can’t get the neoprene out of my mouth, my body is so sore, he’s on the radio asking for assistance as another ‘hopeful snorkeler” is in the water having difficulty. She’s on her back drifting away and can’t turn over because the wetsuit is so buoyant . . . and she’s a scuba diver!!!

 

Wow, in-between helping her and his radio call, he reaches over to me and pulls off one of my gloves. I take the neoprene out of my mouth and unzip the vest. Now I can breathe full breaths . . . what a relief! I’m watching in horror as my roommate is struggling in the water, and then struggling to get into the zodiac. What fear and panic on her face! So scary.

 

Fast forward a bit: Once we are both safe and sound in the zodiac, and have rested a bit, it's time for me to try again. This time I enter the water on the other side of the zodiac so that the current will pull me away from the zodiac, not underneath it. I don’t stay in the water long. The visibility is horrible, like pea soup, the water is very choppy due to the wind, and I don’t like the constricted feeling in the super thick wetsuit. I like to be in control in the water, and I feel I am not. The wet suit is too constricting and buoyant. I suppose that's necessary due to the very cold water, but I'm thinking maybe we should have worn a belt with light weights.

 

I've got to add --- especially for Karen and for those who know that Karen was snorkeling with us. She had NO problem in the water. Of course I suspect that Karen is part mermaid!!! She did complain of very poor visibility though, so it was fortunate that she had snorkeled the day before in calm water with good visibility. She kept popping her head up asking, “Where are the belugas?” She couldn’t even see them because of the murky water, and at times they were alongside her!

 

On the way back to land, kayaking is mentioned as another possible activity, but the guide says, “Oh no, no kayaks in this choppy water, they’ll turn over, too dangerous”.

 

WOW!!! That was shocking to hear. We were taken out to snorkel on a windy day in choppy water. Choppy water is more dangerous, and most always choppy water means poor visibility. Oh well . . .

   

47125 heads 6 DMU Cars bound for Litchurch Lane? consisting of 50691 50651 59290 50736 59135 50653 with 08303 on the very rear at Derby 170281

47125 was cut up in 2002 by HNRC at EMR Kingsbury.

The claim to fame of 47125 is that it was twice scheduled for ETH conversion, but on both occasions the conversion was cancelled and the loco remained a 47/0 right to the end in 2002. The first planned conversion was in 1974 which would have seen 47125 become 47548 ( 47126 was chosen instead, becoming 47555); the second was in 1987 with the allocated number of 47666, but the ETS programme was halted at 47665. The numbers 47548 and 47666 were never re-used.

On December 20th 1984 47125 was hauling the 01:40 Haverton Hill to Glazebrook oil tanks through Summit Tunnel, near Todmorden, when some of the tanks derailed. The leading three tanks in the consist, and 47125, remained on the track and were uncoupled by the crew then taken out of the tunnel. Fireman were already on the scene securing the derailed tanks when fire broke out and everyone beat a hasty retreat, it took 48 hours to bring the spectacular fire under control and it was on December 23rd that it was finally extinguished.

www.class47.co.uk/c47_numbers.php?index=0&jndex=1&...

 

The reimposition of checks at the Schengen area’s internal borders has put one of the greatest and most tangible achievements of the European project at risk, observed most MEPs speaking in a debate with the Commission and the Council on Wednesday. They agreed that, in order to restore the normal functioning of the passport-free zone, the EU’s external borders need to be properly secured.

 

Read more: www.europarl.europa.eu/portal/en

 

This photo is free to use under Creative Commons licenses and must be credited: "© European Union 2016 - European Parliament".

(Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives CreativeCommons licenses creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

For bigger HR files please contact: webcom-flickr(AT)europarl.europa.eu

  

LINK to another version of this photo used in a Vancouver newspaper - 28 July 1908 - www.newspapers.com/article/the-province-new-westminster-l...

 

LINK to another version of this photo with all players identified - (Vancouver Province newspaper - 22 July 1908) - www.newspapers.com/article/the-province-the-minto-cup-cha...

 

LINK to another version of this photo (11 July 1908) - New Westminster Lacrosse Champions Leave for the Trip East - www.newspapers.com/article/the-province-new-westminster-l...

 

LINK to - Record of Players of the New Westminster Lacrosse Team - www.newspapers.com/article/the-victoria-daily-times-recor...

 

Postcard photograph of the 1908 Minto Cup champions, the New Westminster Salmonbellies Lacrosse Club. C. Spring, C. Galbraith, W. Turnbull, J. Bryson, T. Gifford (Captain), A Turnbull, L. Turnbull, J. Gifford, C.A. Welsh (Business manager), C.D. Peele (team manager), A.B. Gray, T. Rennie, C.P. Latham, J. Feeney, I Wintemute, G. Rennie.

 

Alexander / Alex Baird "Sandy" Gray, goal-keeper, 23 years, 148 pounds; born in New Westminster and commenced playing senior lacrosse in 1901. A stalwart wall in goal for the New Westminster Salmonbellies at the start of their Minto Cup championship run, Alex ‘Sandy’ Gray was the best goalie on the Coast during the four seasons (1908, 1909, 1910 and 1911) in which he played professional lacrosse for the Salmonbellies. LINK - oldschoollacrosse.wordpress.com/2014/01/25/alex-sandy-gray/

 

(b. 24 June 1884 in Wellington, Nanaimo Regional District, British Columbia or New Westminster, B.C. - d. 28 June 1966 at age 82 in New Westminster, B.C.) - Outside of lacrosse, ‘Sandy’ Gray worked for 34 years as the provincial government agent at the New Westminster courthouse until his retirement in 1949. LINK to his death certificate - search-collections.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/Image/Genealogy/e3... - LINK to his Find a Grave site - www.findagrave.com/memorial/97005883/alexander-baird-gray LINK to his newspaper obituary - www.newspapers.com/article/nanaimo-daily-news-obituary-fo...

 

Charley Galbraith, point, 26 years, 170 pounds; came to New Westminster in youth and has been in senior company since 1905.

 

Charles "Charlie / Charley" Galbraith

(b. August 28, 1881 in Belledune, Gloucester County, New Brunswick, Canada – d. November 10, 1924 at age 43 in Langley, Greater Vancouver Regional District, British Columbia, Canada) - he played for the New Westminster Salmonbellies Lacrosse team (1905-1911). LINK to his life story - oldschoollacrosse.wordpress.com/2016/04/03/charlie-galbra... LINK to his Find a Grave site - www.findagrave.com/memorial/143533925/charles-galbraith

 

LINK to his newspaper obituary - Charles "Charlie" Galbraith Obituary - www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-charles-char...

 

Thomas "Tommy" Gifford, cover point (captain), 28 years, 188 pounds; has been playing senior since 1898; went east on both former trips made by team in 1900 and 1902. LINK to his life story - www.clhof.org/index.php/en/about/in-the-news/news/28-old-...

 

Thomas Stoddart Gifford

(b. 5 June 1880 in Lockerbie, Scotland - d. 4 May 1966 at age 85 in Seattle, Washington) - HOF lacrosse player - he played for the New Westminster Salmonbellies Lacrosse team (1898-1912). LINK to his newspaper obituary - www.newspapers.com/article/the-province-obituary-for-thom...

 

James "Jimmy" Stoddart Gifford, first defence, 21 years, 150 pounds; playing senior since 1905. By the time the professional game came along in 1909, Gifford had already earnt the reputation for being one of the hardest and toughest players to take to the field. During the professional era his heated rivalry with ‘Newsy’ Lalonde of the Vancouver Lacrosse Club was legendary, nasty, and relentless. Even in old age Gifford continued to hold a grudge and could not bear being in the presence of Lalonde – even refusing to attend his hall-of-fame induction because Lalonde would also be there receiving the same honour, over 50 years passing since their last bloody battles had been fought. LINK - laxhall.com/2023/09/jimmy-gifford/

 

James "Jimmy" Stoddart Gifford

(b. 26 September 1886 in Scotland or St. Paul, Minnesota - d. 9 November 1976 at age 90 in New Westminster, B.C.) - he played with the New Westminster Salmonbellies Lacrosse Club from 1905 to 1912. LINK to his life story - oldschoollacrosse.wordpress.com/2015/09/20/jimmy-gifford/ LINK to his death certificate - search-collections.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/Image/Genealogy/b5...

 

LINK to - James "Jimmy" Stoddart Gifford - Field Lacrosse Great Dies in Royal City - www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-james-jimmy-... - and LINK to his newspaper obituary - www.newspapers.com/article/the-province-obituary-for-jame...

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George Rennie, second defence, 26 years, 160 pounds; playing senior since 1901; went east on one former trip made by team.

 

Biography - In 26 years as a lacrosse player with the New Westminster Salmonbellies, New Brunswick - born George Rennie won five national championships and was selected to help represent Canada at the 1908 Summer Olympics. There he earned a gold medal with his team after it won its only match against Great Britain 14-10. He served in World War I, which interrupted his tenure with the Salmonbellies that had begun in 1901, but returned to the club after the conflict. He later served as an officer with the Royal City Adanacs lacrosse club and was inducted into the Canadian Lacrosse Hall of Fame as a charter member in 1966. LINK - www.olympedia.org/athletes/17802

 

George Haddow Rennie

(b. 10 March 1882 in Newcastle, New Brunswick, Canada - d. 13 December 1966 at age 84 in New Westminster, British Columbia) LINK to his newspaper obituary - www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-obituary-for... - LINK to his death certificate - search-collections.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/Image/Genealogy/6b...

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Tom Rennie, third defence, 24 years, 160 pounds; commenced playing senior in 1902; went east with old lacrosse team as reserve man In 1902.

 

James (Pat) Feeney, centre, 22 years, 145 pounds; born in New Westminster and commenced playing senior in 1904.

 

W. Turnbull, third home, 22 years, 165 pounds; born in New Westminster and commenced playing senior in 1906.

 

Irving "Punk" Wintemute, second home, 22 years. 150 pounds; born in New Westminster and commenced playing senior in 1905.

 

(b. February 24, 1886 – d. March 28, 1937)

New Westminster Salmonbellies (1905-1915; 1919)

 

‘Punk’ Wintemute was a member of the 1908 Minto Cup team that went East to pry the silver mug from the Montréal Shamrocks. He would then go on to play eight seasons at the professional level for the New Westminster Salmonbellies. LINK to his complete life story - oldschoollacrosse.wordpress.com/2015/09/07/irving-punk-wi...

 

Alexander Turnbull, first home, age unknown, 160 pounds; got into the game about 44 (estimated) years ago; has been with New Westminster team since 1897.

 

Len Turnbull, outside home, 148 pounds, 19 years; born in New Westminster, and commenced playing senior in 1906.

 

Jack Bryson, inside home, 160 pounds, 21 years; born in New Westminster, and commenced playing senior in 1903.

 

C. P. Latham, spare man, 160 pounds, 24 years of age; commenced playing senior in 1902.

 

C. Spring, spare man, 166 pounds, 19 years; first played senior last year.

 

With the exception of Alex. Turnbull every man on the team learned the game in New Westminster.

 

John "Jack" Gifford - Team mascot - Jack Gifford, of Famous Lacrosse Family - Jack, who Is the youngest of the famous Gifford family of lacrosse players, has never taken the interest in the game that his elder brothers did in years past. He has played indifferently and the opportunity to get away from the moll and turmoil of coast lacrosse proved too much for him and he seized with avidity the opening offered.

 

John Jardine Gifford

(b. 25 November 1895 in New Westminster, B.C. – d. 5 August 1974 at age 80 in New Westminster, B.C.) LINK to his Find a Grave site - www.findagrave.com/memorial/159549161/john-jardine-gifford LINK to his newspaper obituary - www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-obituary-for...

 

LINK to his life story - oldschoollacrosse.wordpress.com/2024/02/27/jack-gifford/

 

LINK to - Jack Gifford in Munition Corps - www.newspapers.com/article/vancouver-daily-world-jack-gif... LINK to his WWI records - recherche-collection-search.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/Home/Record...

 

C. D. "Biscuits" Peele, the team manager, who will have charge of the aggregation on the eastern tour, commenced in senior ranks and was one of the team which made the eastern tour In 1895. He also played with the 1900 and 1902 teams In the east. He was born here 34 years ago, and has been identified with the game since he was big enough to play. In fact, the Peele family were once known as "the lacrosse family," there being four Peele boys in lacrosse ranks at one time. C. D. Peele left the team in 1905.

 

Clarence Dale Peele

(b. 28 June 1874 in New Westminster, B.C. - d. 31 October 1933 at age 59 In New Westminster, British Columbia) - LINK to his newspaper obituary - www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-obituary-for...

 

Charles Almeron Welsh, the business manager who will 'accompany the team,' has never played lacrosse, but, during his residence in this city, has always followed and been closely associated with the sport. He was president of the club for two years.

 

Charles was a member of the Harbour Board, and the Royal Agricultural and Industrial Society, the Board of Trade, the City Council and the Police Commission. He was a staunch conservative who ran unsuccessfully against A. Wells Gray in 1927. Fraternally, he was a Mason, a member of King Solomon Lodge, and was a past potentate and honourary life delegate of the Shrine, Gizeh Temple. He was also a member of the local Kiwanis Club. Charles Welsh was a sportsman with membership in the Vancouver Golf and country Club. His main sporting interest was however in lacrosse, where he was on the Board of B.C. Lacrosse Association, was a trustee of the Minto Cup, and was involved with the New Westminster Salmonbellies for many years, with his highlight coming as manager in 1908 when his team won the Minto Cup.

 

The first Postmaster at New Westminster Sub Office No. 2 was Charles Almeron Welsh from the opening - 1 September 1912 to 9 April 1935. This Sub Office was located in his Grocery Store on 1117 Sixth Ave in New Westminster, B.C.

 

Charles Almeron Welsh

(b. 17 February 1866 in Midland City, Michigan, USA - d. 25 February 1938 at age 72 in New Westminster, B.C.) - LINK to his newspaper obituary - spokesman.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun/106049... LINK to his Find a Grave site - www.findagrave.com/memorial/77856566/charles-almeron-welsh

 

Rev. Dr. James Sutherland Henderson - President of the New Westminster Lacrosse team.

(b. 11 June 1858 in Newmarket, Ontario, Canada - d. 18 March 1940 at age 81 in Vancouver, British Columbia) - LINK to his newspaper obituary - www.newspapers.com/article/the-province-obituary-for-rev-...

 

In 1903, Rev. J.S. Henderson became minister of St. Andrew’s Church, in New Westminster, B.C. Ten years, rich in service rendered and full of abundant activities, were passed in the Royal City. In his youth, for two years he had been a member of the champion football team of Ontario. Now lacrosse stirred his blood. For several years he was a member of the executive of the New Westminster Lacrosse Club - familiarly known as “The Salmonbellies,” and in 1908 when this team won the World Championship he was its honored president. LINK to his complete life biography - freemasonry.bcy.ca/grand_masters/henderson_j/henderson_j....

 

Daniel Trowling McElroy - New Westminster Lacrosse Team Trainer

(b. 5 April 1871 in Belfast, County Antrim, Northern Ireland - d. 2 October 1941 (aged 70) in New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada) - LINK to his Find a Grave site - www.findagrave.com/memorial/143397451/daniel-trowling-mce... - LINK to his newspaper obituary - www.newspapers.com/article/the-province-obituary-for-dani...

 

LINK to a newspaper article - Pte. D.T. McElroy injury in France during WWI - www.newspapers.com/article/the-province-pte-dt-mcelroy-in...

 

Son of Daniel McElroy and Jane Geddes

Husband of Mary Ellen Nicholson - married in 1898 - LINK to their marriage certificate - search-collections.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/Image/Genealogy/bb...

 

WW1 veteran, Private Daniel Trowling McElroy, Reg No. 790647. Enlisted with the 131st Overseas Battalion CEF in New Westminster, BC on 18 Feb 1916. Served in France with the Canadian Forestry Corps. Was discharged 8 Oct 1918 for being medically unfit for further service. LINK to his WWI records - recherche-collection-search.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/Home/Record...

 

The team's average weight per man is 158 2/3 pounds.

 

New Westminster Salmonbellies travelled to Montreal for a challenge match. They beat the Montreal Shamrocks for its first Minto Cup (then given to the top senior team in Canada).

 

1908 was a pivotal year in the history of the Minto Cup when the New Westminster Salmonbellies defeated the Montréal Shamrocks 12 to 7 in their two-game, total-goals series. The first game of the series was a close 6-5 result before the Salmonbellies responded with a commanding 6-2 win in the rematch to clinch the silverware.

 

LINK to newspaper report - New Westminster Wins First Game of the Minto Cup Match - www.newspapers.com/article/the-province-new-westminster-w...

 

LINK to - New Westminster Wins Minto Cup - www.newspapers.com/article/the-province-new-westminster-w...

 

With the benefit of hindsight, the 1908 New Westminster-Montréal series signaled a changing of the guard and is probably the most historically significant event in the cup’s history until the juniors took over control of the mug. It saw the game’s first dynasty coming to an end with a brand-new one at the opposite end of the country ready to take its place. The victory for the Royal City was notable for two other important reasons: the New Westminster Salmonbellies were the last bonafide amateur team to challenge and win the professional trophy as well as the first club from the Pacific Coast to pry the silver mug from the hands of the Easterners. LINK to the complete article - oldschoollacrosse.wordpress.com/

 

- the photographer - Frederick Louis Hacking

(b. 2 July 1880 in Ontario, Canada - d. 20 February 1969 at age 88 in Monterey, California, USA)

 

He started as a photo printer with the Wadds Brothers, then purchased S.J. Thompson's former New Westminster studio and by 1908 was running his own Vancouver studio at 445 Granville St. in the Fairfield Block. His landscape photographs attacted notice at the 1899 New Westminster exhibition.

 

The Daily News-Advertiser described his Vancouver studio when it opened in the Fairfield Block (Building) in 1908. Hacking, who was the official representative from BC at the Photographers' Association of the Pacific Northwest 1910 conference in Vancouver, was also elected vice-president for BC that year.

 

He later immigrated to California and registered for the US World War Two draft in 1942.

 

VANCOUVER STUDIO (FAIRFIELD BUILDING) DESCRIPTION:

 

This description of F.L. Hacking's new photo studio was published by the (Vancouver) Daily News-Advertiser on 14 Aug 1908, p. 15. The article was illustrated with three photographs depicting the "Reception Room", the "Skylight Room" and "Another View of Reception Room."

 

"An Artistic Studio.

 

A member of the "News-Advertiser" staff visited the new photographic studio of Mr. F.L. Hacking in the Fairfield Building, Granville Street, where for weeks past contractors and decorators have been transforming several suites of rooms and offices into what is now recognized as the most complete and artistic studio in the Province.

 

On entering the reception room, one is immediately impressed by the beautiful and quaint appearance of the apartment, which is furnished in the early English style. Amongst the many special features one's attention is drawn to the beautiful panelled walls, enriched with copper nailing, the unique fire grate and the casement windows and doors, whilst four heavy clusters of drop lights, suspended from the beamed ceilings--all designed and made especially for this studio--give the room a pleasing and uncommon appearance.

 

The delightful color scheme, from the rich rug on the floor to the delicate harmony of walls and ceilings, tends to show to advantage the specimens of artistic portraiture displayed, and gives visitors that feeling of repose and satisfaction that assures them that their own work could not be entrusted to better hands.

 

Leading from the reception room through a massive archway are the dressing rooms, each fitted with long pier mirrors and furnished in the same good taste.

 

The skylight room, one of the most important features of Mr. Hacking's business, has been constructed to give lighting facilities which will enable photographs to be taken at all reasonable times and under all conditions. The room is large and not encumbered with a hetreogeneous [sic] mass of painfully artificial scenery and paraphernalia; instead you see instruments and accessories of the best lenses by Dallmeyer, of London, England, and Goerz, of Berlin; camera by Anthony, of New York, and the necessary backgrounds are a revelation of simplicity and rich value, all painted especially by Packard, of Boston.

 

Nearly every modern equipment known to photography may be found in this up-to-date studio. The developing and finishing rooms are complete in every detail, giving this studio advantages for promptly executing work, a desideratum of no small importance, and one that will be immediately appreciated.

 

As a capable photographer, Mr. Hacking needs but little introduction in Vancouver. He was apprenticed when a young man in a leading Eastern studio, where high ideals and careful workmanship were early acquired. Eleven years ago he came to Vancouver and after eight years connected with Wadds Brothers' studio purchased the studio in New Westminster formerly conducted by Mr. S.J. Thompson. His artistic work brought immediate success that has necessitated branching out into the broader fields of opportunity offered in Vancouver.

 

Not being satisfied with anything but the best location and equipment, he finally secured the present quarters in the Fairfield building, the heart of the best district, which our readers are heartily commended to visit and inspect.

 

Mr. Hacking aptly says that "the aim and purpose of this studio is to turn out only high grade photographs, and the best that experience, artistic training, perfect equipment and skilled workmanship can produce is offered to its patrons." LINK to the complete article - cameraworkers.davidmattison.com/getperson.php?personID=I1...

secured website shield design

Luisa Rios is the local coordinator of Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) key partner in the region, Sociedad Peruana de Derecho Ambiental (SPDA). “Brazil nuts are one of the most important forest products for export that we’ve got,” she says. “If we want these forests to produce not only today, but for the next 50 years, we need evaluate what is actually happening so that we can improve the best practice guidelines. This can only be done through field research on the ground.”

 

For the full story see:

www.blog.cifor.org/16627/snakes-thieves-and-falling-nuts-...

 

Photo by Marco Simola/CIFOR

 

For more information on CIFOR's research on Brazil nuts in Peru, please contact Manuel Guariguata (mailto:m.guariguata@cgiar.org)

 

cifor.org

 

blog.cifor.org

 

If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org and m.edliadi@cgiar.org

Brazilian UN peacekeepers secure the perimeter of a bank in downtown Port-au-Prince.

19/Jan/2010. Port-au-Prince, Haiti. UN Photo/Marco Dormino. www.un.org/av/photo/

It's like i'm waiting for something specific, but i'm not sure yet what it is...

Secure Energy Conference- Information Security in the Energy Sector 2013

Just cuz I thought it was cool.

Tucson Field Office Assistant Director of Field Operations discusses Operation Faithful Patriot with officials from the U.S. Army and other Customs and Border Protection officials at the JT-W Arizona on November 5, 2018. U.S. Army North is deployed to the southwest border under the authority of U.S. Northern Command to support the Department of Homeland Security and the Customs and Border Protection's mission to secure the border.

data security privacy lock password

 

Credit www.shopcatalog.com with an active link required.

 

Image is free for usage on websites (even websites with ads) if you credit www.shopcatalog.com with an active link.

My appreciation and thanks to all of you who have faved, commented, and awarded this photograph.

 

used 500mm f4 with Nikkor 1.4 II Teleconverter

Change iPhone Password and Secure your iPhone, findout here: www.taranfx.com/blog/change-iphone-ssh-password

Completed on: 9th September, 2006

 

A Renault Magnum truck with trailer.

The trailer has mechanical legs, activated by rotating the spare tires.

This is the first MOC I made based on a real vehicle.

 

More photos:

secure.flickr.com/photos/biczzz/sets/72157634967336431/

After receiving their signals from space, these NATO installations communicated via terrestrial radio uplinks with microwave stations in order to pass their messages around securely on the ground. Zone Braams maintained these encrypted microwave links with posts to the north, east and south of Belgium in at now-defunct bases in Westrozebeke, Ben Ahin and Spa-Malchamp.

The Los Angeles Surge Hospital, a temporary facility in Los Angeles that will expand access to additional beds and expand ICU capacity for patients who contract COVID-19. Dignity Health and Kaiser Permanente will partner with the State of California and the County of Los Angeles to open the facility, which will be located on the campus of the former St. Vincent Medical Center in central Los Angeles.

 

The Los Angeles Surge Hospital is expected to open April 13. It will open in phases, ramping up to accept more patients as physicians and staff are hired and supplies and equipment are secured, up to a projected capacity of 266 beds when fully operational.

 

Dignity Health and Kaiser Permanente, two of California’s largest not-for-profit healthcare systems, are providing expertise in establishing the Los Angeles Surge Hospital and will oversee management at the facility. Operational support will not diminish either healthcare system’s existing frontline capacity.

 

The top-seeded Army West Point Women’s Basketball team won its third Patriot League title with a 69-51 victory over No. 3 Loyola on Saturday evening at Christl Arena. Army secures the Patriot League’s automatic bid to the NCAA Tournament and will make its third appearance in the dance, following trips in 2006 and 2014.

 

Army extends its winning streak to 19 games and improves to 29-2. The Black Knights’ 29 win tie the 2009-10 Lehigh squad for the most total wins in Patriot League history. Loyola finishes the year 16-16 after the setback.

 

Senior Kelsey Minato earned Patriot League Tournament MVP honors for the second time in her career after scoring 25 points and shooting 4-of-8 from beyond the arc. Classmate Aimee Oertner and sophomore Janae McNeal joined Minato on the league’s all-tournament team, as Oertner posted a 14-point, 11-rebound double-double, to go along with four blocks, and McNeal totaled 12 points on 6-of-8 shooting.

 

Sophomore Destinee Morris netted eight points off the bench, while classmate Aliyah Murray and freshman Madison Hovren each contributed four points.

 

Diana Logan led Loyola with 15 points, while Colleen Marshall and Bri Betz-White also scored in double figures, with 12 points and 11 points, respectively.

 

Minato knocked in a three-pointer 2:28 into the contest to give Army a 5-2 advantage before sinking all three free-throws after being fouled on a long-range attempt with 5:03 to play in the first quarter. Her three foul shots made the score 10-4.

 

Oertner registered three blocks in the first 2:19 of the evening to limit Loyola’s offense early, as the Greyhounds were held to nine points in the opening frame.

 

McNeal converted lay-ups on consecutive possessions to cap a 9-0 Army run and extend the margin to 10 points, 14-4, with 3:41 remaining in the first period. The Black Knights went on to outscore the Greyhounds, 13-5, over the final 6:48 of the opening frame, as the hosts led, 20-9, at the end of one.

 

Logan scored the first seven points of the second quarter to begin a 9-0 run that brought Loyola back to within two, 20-18, with 6:45 left until halftime. Logan buried her second triple of the half to extend the scoring run to 12-0 and give the Greyhounds their first lead of the game, 21-20, with 6:12 remaining in the second period.

 

Army answered back with 10 straight points of its own, including three-pointers from Minato and Morris, to build the advantage to nine points, 30-21, by the 2:39 mark. Morris drained her second three-pointer of the quarter with 19 seconds remaining in the half to make the score 33-23 heading into the break.

 

The Black Knights maintained a 10-point advantage until building the lead to 14 after a pair of free-throws from Minato and a bucket from Oertner that came with 4:04 on the clock in the third quarter.

 

McNeal added lay-ins 22 seconds apart to build the hosts’ lead to 17, 47-30, before seven unanswered points from Loyola brought the Greyhounds back to within 10, 47-37, entering the fourth period.

 

Oertner netted four quick points to begin the fourth quarter and Minato hit a triple at the 7:59 mark to bring the score to 54-41. Loyola didn’t come any closer than 11 for the last 7:59 of the contest.

 

“This team has never ceased to amaze me this year,” said head coach Dave Magarity. “It’s mind blowing that we are 29-2 and the way we got here, the teams we beat and we thought we put together a pretty tough schedule with Albany, the conference champion in the America East, Quinnipiac won the MAAC regular season and they were huge wins for us and put us in position to get the one-seed as things worked out for us with the tiebreaker over a great Bucknell team.

 

“This group of young ladies has just accomplished so much with 99 wins over four years at this level is incredible and they just continue to do what it takes. You don’t want it to turn into a cliché with being a team of destiny, but we put together the right pieces. Janae McNeal and the junior class with Aliyah Murray and the Morris twins, as well, and I consider my coaching staff the best in America. It’s the best coaching staff I’ve ever had and I’ve had some pretty good coaches."

 

Story by Harrison Antognioni/Army Athletic Communications. Photos by Eric S. Bartelt/Pointer View and John Pellino/DPTMS VID

 

This will save you loads of time and nerves when youll be removing the extruder.

I made this for an open art project at the church I attend here in Knoxville but I may make another one instead.

 

Someone called security on me tonight for lighting fireworks... I saw him coming so I threw away my spent roman candle before I got close to him. He asked if I had been shooting firecrackers and I said no since it was a roman candle not a firecracker. Is that lying? Not technically, I guess... Anyways, I told him I didn't see anyone else but the runners I had surprised by flinging molten steel into the air and then he left.

 

I'm so glad that I finally got out to light paint again. This semester has been pretty busy so I haven't got to paint nearly as much as I wanted to. Hopefully I can go out more often. I said that I'd go out tonight even if was a downpour. Luckily, I finished my shot before it started to snow really hard.

 

5 Person Guardian Bucket Survival Kit OKFP

"All items are packed securely in

our 5 Gallon Bucket with Toilet Seat Lid

This kit contains the following:

Food and Water:

5 Boxes of Aqua Liters

5 - 2400 Calorie Food Bars (12,000 Calories)

50 Water Purification Tablets - each tablet purifies 1 liter of water

Light and Communications:

Dynamo Radio Flashlight 4 in 1

Rechargeable Squeeze Flashlight - 3 LED flashlight

30 Hour Emergency Candle

5 - 12 Hour Green Emergency Glow Sticks

5-in-1 Survival Whistle

Box of Waterproof Matches

Shelter and Warmth:

5 Emergency Survival Blankets

2 Person Tube Tent with Rope

5 Emergency Ponchos with Hood

Tools:

6' x 8' Blue Tarp

7-1/2"" Flat Pry Bar

16 Function Cutting Tool

Leather Palm Work Gloves

Duct Tape - 2"" x 10 yards

5 - N95 Respirator Dust Masks - NIOSH approved

Safety Goggles

Sewing Kit

Hygiene and Sanitation:

Toilet Bags with Chemicals

5 Hygiene Kits

5 Pocket Tissue Packs

Air Freshener

First Aid:

2 - Guardian 57 Piece Deluxe First Aid Kit

Other:

Deck of playing cards for entertainment

Emergency Survival Kit Information:

This survival kit was designed using advice from experts in the emergency

preparedness industry. It follows guidelines given by government agencies and

non-profit preparedness organizations. This 5-person deluxe office emergency kit

has a retail value of $195.

" 27 lbs $139.99

  

Free Disaster Kits for Schools, Visit us to learn more.

 

 

Our new secure smartphone, it's applications and features.

Two brand new Range Rovers loaded by Wavecrest Ltd in a 40' container for export to the Far East.

 

www.wavecrest.co.uk for more information

Inside Denny Hall.

 

I was allowed to go inside the main hospital building of Northern State Hospital for the Insane, as well as the dorm for the training nurses and the chapel. I took over 200 pictures and its going to take me awhile to go through and sort out the good ones. But here are some of the best. I will be uploading more in the near future.

New Adventure Travel secured the long-term Powys County Council contract for Service X63 (Swansea-Neath-Crynant-Ystradgynlais-Sennybridge-Brecon) from January 2013 after a four month tenure by First Cymru.

 

The company acquired Veolia's five Plaxton Centro-bodied VDL SB200s and these became the regular formers, being based at the former Veolia and Long's depot in Abercraf.

 

www.flickr.com/photos/129716166@N03/49990939992/in/photol...

 

An unusual combination, they were sold on a couple of years later, and their places were taken by three former Weavaway 'classic shape' Alexander Dennis Enviro300s:

 

www.flickr.com/photos/129716166@N03/19280546451/in/photol...

 

The Enviro300s were supplemented by an 11m Optare Versa, YJ10 MGV, new for a parking contract at Birmingham International Airport. Whilst the company operated many MetroCitys, I believe that this was its only Versa. This July 2015 shot shows her picking up outside Neath Railway Station on the last journey of the day to Brecon.

Central World Plaza was a shopping plaza and complex, in Bangkok, Thailand It was the second largest shopping complex in Southeast Asia, after SM City North EDSA of the Philippines. The complex, which included a hotel and office tower, was owned by Central Pattana. In 2006, after three years of design and renovation, Central World Plaza was expanded to 550,000 square metres of shopping mall and 1,024,000 square metres of complex, topping its nearby rival Siam Paragon in terms of size.

  

On May 19, 2010, Central World Plaza was gutted by fire set by rioters in the aftermath of a military operation against anti-government protesters known as Red Shirts. Thai media reported that a portion of the building had collapsed and the building had been declared a danger zone because of fears of the complex entirely collapsing, and that the building would have to be demolished.

  

Originally called the World Trade Center, the eight-story mall was opened in 1990. Central Group acquired the property in 2002 from the Wang Petchaboon group and soon thereafter renamed it Central World Plaza, and in 2005 re christened it Central World. It is on Crown Property Bureau land. In its acquisition, the Central Group's property development arm, Central Pattana ( SET: CPN ), secured a new 30-year lease on the site.

  

Expecting the opening of the luxury Siam Paragon, CPN started massive renovations and expansion on the site in 2003. The original mall structure was 300,000 square meters. The expansion plans boosted that to 550,000 square meters. Though the work had not yet been completed, CPN held an official opening of the renovated complex on July 21, 2006, and it was expected to be fully operational by October 2006. As of May 2007 the mall was fully opened but some premises in parts of the upper floors remain still vacant. Major exterior construction was ongoing on the hotel situated in the northwest corner of the mall, and the extension floors to the ZEN department store in southeast corner.

  

The renovated complex aimed to attract 150,000 customers per day, spending more than seven billion Baht annually. It marketed itself as a middle class shopping centre, opposed to the upper class-marketed Siam Paragon.

  

At first, Central World did not appear to reach its goal in term of daily visitors due to several reasons, including political turmoil and ongoing economic downturn. However, shopper numbers soon increased, though reliable figures are hard to find. Bangkok's New Year countdown gatherings were held in front of Central World, a tradition that developed in recent years, with the number of people increasing steadily.

 

(further information is available by clicking on the link at the end of page!)

History of the City St. Pölten

In order to present concise history of the Lower Austrian capital is in the shop of the city museum a richly illustrated full version on CD-ROM.

Tip

On the occasion of the commemoration of the pogroms of November 1938, the Institute for Jewish History of Austria its virtual Memorbuch (Memory book) for the destroyed St. Pölten Jewish community since 10th November 2012 is putting online.

Prehistory

The time from which there is no written record is named after the main materials used for tools and weapons: Stone Age, Bronze Age, Iron Age. Using the latest technologies, archaeologists from archaeological finds and aerial photographs can trace a fairly detailed picture of life at that time. Especially for the time from the settling down of the People (New Stone Age), now practicing agriculture and animal husbandry, in the territory of St. Pölten lively settlement activity can be proved. In particular, cemeteries are important for the research, because the dead were laid in the grave everyday objects and jewelry, the forms of burial changing over time - which in turn gives the archeology valuable clues for the temporal determination. At the same time, prehistory of Sankt Pölten would not be half as good documented without the construction of the expressway S33 and other large buildings, where millions of cubic meters of earth were moved - under the watchful eyes of the Federal Monuments Office!

A final primeval chapter characterized the Celts, who settled about 450 BC our area and in addition to a new culture and religion also brought with them the potter's wheel. The kingdom of Noricum influenced till the penetration of the Romans the development in our area.

Roman period, migrations

The Romans conquered in 15 BC the Celtic Empire and established hereinafter the Roman province of Noricum. Borders were protected by military camp (forts), in the hinterland emerged civilian cities, almost all systematically laid out according to the same plan. The civil and commercial city Aelium Cetium, as St. Pölten was called (city law 121/122), consisted in the 4th Century already of heated stone houses, trade and craft originated thriving urban life, before the Romans in the first third of the 5th Century retreated to Italy.

The subsequent period went down as the Migration Period in official historiography, for which the settlement of the Sankt Pöltner downtown can not be proved. Cemeteries witness the residence of the Lombards in our area, later it was the Avars, extending their empire to the Enns.

The recent archaeological excavations on the Cathedral Square 2010/2011, in fact, the previous knowledge of St.Pölten colonization not have turned upside down but enriched by many details, whose full analysis and publication are expected in the near future.

Middle Ages

With the submission of the Avars by Charlemagne around 800 AD Christianity was gaining a foothold, the Bavarian Benedictine monastery of Tegernsee establishing a daughter house here - as founder are mentioned the brothers Adalbert and Ottokar - equipped with the relics of St. Hippolytus. The name St. Ypolit over the centuries should turn into Sankt Pölten. After the Hungarian wars and the resettlement of the monastery as Canons Regular of St. Augustine under the influence of Passau St. Pölten received mid-11th Century market rights.

In the second half of the 20th century historians stated that records in which the rights of citizens were held were to be qualified as Town Charters. Vienna is indeed already in 1137 as a city ("civitas") mentioned in a document, but the oldest Viennese city charter dates only from the year 1221, while the Bishop of Passau, Konrad, already in 1159 the St. Pöltnern secured:

A St. Pöltner citizen who has to answer to the court, has the right to make use of an "advocate".

He must not be forced to rid himself of the accusation by a judgment of God.

A St. Pöltner citizen may be convicted only by statements of fellow citizens, not by strangers.

From the 13th Century exercised a city judge appointed by the lord of the city the high and low jurisdiction as chairman of the council meetings and the Municipal Court, Inner and Outer Council supported him during the finding of justice. Venue for the public verdict was the in the 13th Century created new marketplace, the "Broad Market", now the town hall square. Originally square-shaped, it was only later to a rectangle reduced. Around it arose the market district, which together with the monastery district, the wood district and the Ledererviertel (quarter of the leather goods manufacturer) was protected by a double city wall.

The dependence of St. Pölten of the bishop of Passau is shown in the municipal coat of arms and the city seal. Based on the emblem of the heraldic animal of the Lord of the city, so the Bishop of Passau, it shows an upright standing wolf holding a crosier in its paw.

Modern Times

In the course of the armed conflict between the Emperor Frederick III . and King Matthias of Hungary pledged the Bishop of Passau the town on the Hungarian king. From 1485 stood Lower Austria as a whole under Hungarian rule. The most important document of this period is the awarding of the city coat of arms by King Matthias Corvinus in the year 1487. After the death of the opponents 1490 and 1493 could Frederick's son Maximilian reconquer Lower Austria. He considered St. Pölten as spoils of war and had no intention of returning it to the diocese of Passau. The city government has often been leased subsequently, for instance, to the family Wellenstein, and later to the families Trautson and Auersperg.

That St. Pölten now was a princely city, found its expression in the coat of arms letter of the King Ferdinand I. from 1538: From now on, the wolf had no crosier anymore, and the from the viewer's point of view left half showed the reverse Austrian shield, so silver-red-silver.

To the 16th Century also goes back the construction of St. Pöltner City Hall. The 1503 by judge and council acquired house was subsequently expanded, rebuilt, extended and provided with a tower.

A for the urban history research important picture, painted in 1623, has captured scenes of the peasant uprising of 1597, but also allows a view to the city and lets the viewer read some of the details of the then state of construction. The economic inconveniences of that time were only exacerbated by the Thirty Years War, at the end of which a fifth of the houses were uninhabited and the citizenry was impoverished.

Baroque

After the successful defense against the Turks in 1683, the economy started to recover and a significant building boom began. Lower Austria turned into the land of the baroque abbeys and monasteries, as it is familiar to us today.

In St. Pölten, the change of the cityscape is closely connected to the Baroque architect Jakob Prandtauer. In addition to the Baroquisation of the interior of the cathedral, a number of buildings in St. Pölten go to his account, so the reconstruction of the castle Ochsenburg, the erection of the Schwaighof and of the core building of the Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Englische Fräuleins - English Maidens) - from 1706 the seat of the first school order of St.Pölten - as well as of several bourgeois houses.

Joseph Munggenast, nephew and co-worker of Prandtauer, completed the Baroquisation of the cathedral, he baroquised the facade of the town hall (1727) and numerous bourgeois houses and designed a bridge over the Traisen which existed until 1907. In the decoration of the church buildings were throughout Tyroleans collaborating, which Jakob Prandtauer had brought along from his homeland (Tyrol) to St. Pölten, for example, Paul Troger and Peter Widerin.

Maria Theresa and her son Joseph II: Their reforms in the city of the 18th Century also left a significant mark. School foundings as a result of compulsory education, the dissolution of the monasteries and hereinafter - from 1785 - the new role of St. Pölten as a bishop's seat are consequences of their policies.

1785 was also the year of a fundamental alteration of the old Council Constitution: The city judge was replaced by one magistrate consisting of five persons, at the head was a mayor. For the first mayor the painter Josef Hackl was chosen.

The 19th century

Despite the Napoleonic Wars - St. Pölten in 1805 and 1809 was occupied by the French - and despite the state bankruptcy of 1811, increased the number of businesses constantly, although the economic importance of the city for the time being did not go beyond the near vicinity.

Against the background of monitoring by the state secret police, which prevented any political commitment between the Congress of Vienna and the 1848 revolution, the citizens withdrew into private life. Sense of family, fostering of domestic music, prominent salon societies in which even a Franz Schubert socialized, or the construction of the city theater were visible signs of this attitude.

The economic upswing of the city did not begin until after the revolution of the year 1848. A prerequisite for this was the construction of the Empress Elisabeth Western Railway, moving Vienna, Linz, soon Salzburg, too, in a reachable distance. The city walls were pulled down, St. Pölten could unfold. The convenient traffic situation favored factory start-ups, and so arose a lace factory, a revolver factory, a soap factory or, for example, as a precursor of a future large-scale enterprise, the braid, ribbon and Strickgarnerzeugung (knitting yarn production) of Matthias Salcher in Harland.

In other areas, too, the Gründerzeit (years of rapid industrial expansion in Germany - and Austria) in Sankt Pölten was honouring its name: The city got schools, a hospital, gas lanterns, canalization, hot springs and summer bath.

The 20th century

At the beginning of the 20th Century the city experienced another burst of development, initiated by the construction of the power station in 1903, because electricity was the prerequisite for the settlement of large companies. In particular, the companies Voith and Glanzstoff and the main workshop of the Federal Railways attracted many workers. New Traisen bridge, tram, Mariazell Railway and other infrastructure buildings were erected; St. Pölten obtained a synagogue. The Art Nouveau made it repeatedly into the urban architecture - just think of the Olbrich House - and inspired also the painting, as exponents worth to be mentioned are Ernst Stöhr or Ferdinand Andri.

What the outbreak of the First World War in broad outlines meant for the monarchy, on a smaller scale also St. Pölten has felt. The city was heavily impacted by the deployment of army units, a POW camp, a military hospital and a sick bay. Industrial enterprises were partly converted into war production, partly closed. Unemployment, housing emergency and food shortages long after the war still were felt painfully.

The 1919 to mayor elected Social Democrat Hubert Schnofl after the war tried to raise the standard of living of the people by improving the social welfare and health care. The founding of a housing cooperative (Wohnungsgenossenschaft), the construction of the water line and the establishment of new factories were further attempts to stimulate the stiffening economy whose descent could not be stopped until 1932.

After the National Socialist regime had stirred false hopes and plunged the world into war, St. Pölten was no longer the city as it has been before. Not only the ten devastating bombings of the last year of the war had left its marks, also the restrictive persecution of Jews and political dissidents had torn holes in the structure of the population. Ten years of Russian occupation subsequently did the rest to traumatize the population, but at this time arose from the ruins a more modern St. Pölten, with the new Traisen bridge, district heating, schools.

This trend continued, an era of recovery and modernization made the economic miracle palpable. Already in 1972 was - even if largely as a result of incorporations - exceeded the 50.000-inhabitant-limit.

Elevation to capital status (capital of Lower Austria), 10 July 1986: No other event in this dimension could have become the booster detonation of an up to now ongoing development thrust. Since then in a big way new residential and commercial areas were opened up, built infrastructure constructions, schools and universities brought into being to enrich the educational landscape. East of the Old Town arose the governmental and cultural district, and the list of architects wears sonorous names such as Ernst Hoffmann (NÖ (Lower Austria) Landhaus; Klangturm), Klaus Kada (Festspielhaus), Hans Hollein (Shedhalle and Lower Austrian Provincial Museum), Karin Bily, Paul Katzberger and Michael Loudon ( NÖ State Library and NÖ State Archive).

European Diploma, European flag, badge of honor, Europe Price: Between 1996 and 2001, received St. Pölten numerous appreciations of its EU commitment - as a sort of recognition of the Council of Europe for the dissemination of the EU-idea through international town twinnings, a major Europe exhibition or, for example, the establishment and chair of the "Network of European medium-sized cities".

On the way into the 21st century

Just now happened and already history: What the St. Pöltnern as just experienced sticks in their minds, travelers and newcomers within a short time should be told. The theater and the hospital handing over to the province of Lower Austria, a new mayor always on the go, who was able to earn since 2004 already numerous laurels (Tags: polytechnic, downtown enhancement, building lease scheme, bus concept) - all the recent changes are just now condensed into spoken and written language in order to make, from now on, the history of the young provincial capital in the 3rd millennium nachlesbar (checkable).

www.st-poelten.gv.at/Content.Node/freizeit-kultur/kultur/...

The Feather River Hot Shot performs mop up support to ensure ground is cold during the Dixie Fire in Lassen National Forest, California. The crew secured a 30-acre spot fire and contained a potential fire spread. USDA Forest Service photo by Cecilio Ricardo.

Nobody at work, but it's still illuminated.

Richmond Castle in Richmond, North Yorkshire, England, stands in a commanding position above the River Swale, close to the centre of the town of Richmond. It was originally called Riche Mount, 'the strong hill'. The castle was constructed from 1071 onwards following the Norman Conquest of England, and the Domesday Book of 1086 refers to 'a castlery' at Richmond.

 

In 1069 William the Conqueror had put down a rebellion at York which was followed by his "harrying of the North" – an act of ethnic cleansing which depopulated large areas for a generation or more. As a further punishment, he divided up the lands of north Yorkshire among his most loyal followers. Alan Rufus, of Brittany, received the borough of Richmond and began constructing the castle to defend against further rebellions and to establish a personal power base. His holdings, called the Honour of Richmond, covered parts of eight counties and amounted to one of the most extensive Norman estates in England. The Dukes of Brittany became the owners of the castle as Earls of Richmond though it was often confiscated for various periods by English Kings.

 

A 100-foot (30 m)-high keep of honey-coloured sandstone was constructed at the end of the 12th century by Duke Conan IV of Brittany. The Earldom of Richmond was seized in 1158 by Henry II of England. [a] It was King Henry II who probably completed the keep which had 11-foot (3.4 m)-thick walls. Modern visitors can climb to the top of the keep for magnificent views of the town of Richmond. At the same time that the keep was probably completed, Henry II considerably strengthened the castle by adding towers and a barbican. Henry III and King Edward I spent more money on the site including Edward's improvements to the keep interior.

 

In addition to the main circuit of the wall, there was the barbican in front of the main gate which functioned as a sealed entry space, allowing visitors and wagons to be checked before they gained entry to the castle itself. On the other side of the castle, overlooking the river, was another enclosure or bailey called the Cockpit, which may have functioned as a garden and was overlooked by a balcony. A drawing of 1674 suggests there was another longer balcony overlooking the river side of Scolland's Hall, the Great Hall.

 

Richmond Castle had fallen out of use as a fortress by the end of the 14th century and it did not receive major improvements after that date. A survey of 1538 shows it was partly in ruins, but paintings by Turner and others, together with the rise of tourism and an interest in antiquities, led to repairs to the keep in the early 19th century.

In 1855 the castle became the headquarters of the North Yorkshire Militia, and a military barracks block was constructed in the great courtyard. For two years, from 1908 to 1910, the castle was the home of Robert Baden-Powell, later founder of the Boy Scouts, while he commanded the Northern Territorial Army but the barracks building was demolished in 1931.

The castle was used during the First World War as the base of the Non-Combatant Corps made up of conscientious objectors – conscripts who refused to fight. It was also used to imprison some conscientious objectors who refused to accept army discipline and participate in the war in any way. These included the "Richmond Sixteen" who were taken to France from the castle, charged under Field Regulations, and then sentenced to death, but their death sentences were commuted to ten years' hard labour.

 

As presented today Richmond Castle has one of the finest examples of Norman buildings in Britain including Scollands Hall, the Great Hall of the castle. The keep has a restored roof and floors but is shown with the original 11th-century main gate arch unblocked. This arch is now in the basement of the later 12th century keep which was built in front of it, the main gate then being moved to its present position which was dominated by the adjacent keep while the original arch we see today was filled-in to secure the keep.

 

The castle is a Scheduled Monument, a "nationally important" historic building and archaeological site which has been given protection against unauthorised change.It is also a Grade I listed building and therefore recognised as an internationally important structure. Today the castle is in the care of English Heritage which publishes a guidebook written by John Goodall PhD FSA. English Heritage provides a visitor centre for the castle with an informative exhibition containing artefacts form the castles history, they also hold regular events there throughout the year.

 

According to legend, King Arthur and his knights are sleeping in a cave underneath the castle. It is said that they were once discovered by a potter named Thompson, who ran away when they began to awake. Another legend tells that a drummer boy

A firefighter works to secure a hose line being used to evacuate water that was flooding in Ralphs in Castaic, CA

Poppy leaf with rain drops on

A pulls her Spock move again.

 

Olympus OM2N, Zuiko 50mm f1.8 and Kodak Portra 400.

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