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Gulgong. Population 2,500.
This charming little town was depicted on the original Australian $10 note (from 1966 to 1993) but alas it is not on the new plastic notes. Which is a shame because Gulgong is a very historical town. Its history is well documented especially through a world important photographic collection. The photographers concerned were Henry Beaufoy Merlin and Charles Bayliss from Melbourne who photographed almost everything in the town in August 1872. 500 glass plate negatives of their photos have been bought together in the Holtermann Collection which is of international significance and it is housed in “The Greatest Wonder of the World”. This does not refer to the photographic collection but to this building which was a former American tobacco warehouse which adopted this name as an advertising stunt. It is called the Holtermann Collection because the negatives were purchased by Bernard Holtermann after Merlin’s death in 1873. Holtermann added the Gulgong photographs to his extensive collection. The collection is on a UNESCO register of heritage.
The white history of Gulgong goes back to 1821 when William Lawson (the explorer who crossed the Blue Mts in 1813 fame) explored the district. Richard Rouse a squatters moved into the region in 1822 and he and others eventually obtained licenses to legally occupy runs. In 1825 Rouse got a grant of 4,000 acres. When Major Thomas Mitchell came through here in 1831 he named the district Gulgong using an Aboriginal word meaning “deep waterhole”. Although a little gold was discovered in 1866 the district was transformed in 1870 when a major gold lode was discovered and within six weeks 500 people were on the site. The town of Gulgong was surveyed in 1870 and when gazetted in 1872 there was an estimated 20,000 people on the goldfields. 15,000 kilos of gold was extracted from the gold mines over the next decade. Much of the town however dates from the early 1870s and the first developments were around the intersection of Mayne and Hebert streets. Among the early settlers was the family of Henry Lawson and Rolfe Boldrewood the local police man who wrote Robbery Under Arms in 1882. Lawson in 1904 wrote a poem about the gold rush at Gulgong saying
Paid in laughter, tears and nuggets in the play that fortune plays —
'Tis the palmy days of Gulgong — Gulgong in the Roaring Days.
Like all mining towns Gulgong soon had hotels, banks, stores and entertainment venues like the Prince William Opera house. Solid stone and weatherboard houses came soon after. When the gold ran out the businessmen stayed on to service the farming area around the town. The bark hut of the 1871 Union church was replaced with brick and stone churches- The Anglican built theirs in 1876 to a design of architect Edmund Blacket and the Catholics built their first church in 1885 and the Presbyterians replaced their wooden church with a stone church in 1909 and the Methodists built a church in 1871 and replaced it around 1905. The first Town hall was built in 1892, the Courthouse in 1898 etc. A railway reached Gulgong in 1909. After the mining became big business requiring companies and shafts the government opened 24,000 acres around the town up for farming in 1876. Wheat became a major product as well as wool. A flour mill was built near the town and a new large mill in 1894. Once the railway arrived another new flourmill was erected with silos.
The town has more than 130 heritage listed buildings.
Gulgong. Population 2,500.
This charming little town was depicted on the original Australian $10 note (from 1966 to 1993) but alas it is not on the new plastic notes. Which is a shame because Gulgong is a very historical town. Its history is well documented especially through a world important photographic collection. The photographers concerned were Henry Beaufoy Merlin and Charles Bayliss from Melbourne who photographed almost everything in the town in August 1872. 500 glass plate negatives of their photos have been bought together in the Holtermann Collection which is of international significance and it is housed in “The Greatest Wonder of the World”. This does not refer to the photographic collection but to this building which was a former American tobacco warehouse which adopted this name as an advertising stunt. It is called the Holtermann Collection because the negatives were purchased by Bernard Holtermann after Merlin’s death in 1873. Holtermann added the Gulgong photographs to his extensive collection. The collection is on a UNESCO register of heritage.
The white history of Gulgong goes back to 1821 when William Lawson (the explorer who crossed the Blue Mts in 1813 fame) explored the district. Richard Rouse a squatters moved into the region in 1822 and he and others eventually obtained licenses to legally occupy runs. In 1825 Rouse got a grant of 4,000 acres. When Major Thomas Mitchell came through here in 1831 he named the district Gulgong using an Aboriginal word meaning “deep waterhole”. Although a little gold was discovered in 1866 the district was transformed in 1870 when a major gold lode was discovered and within six weeks 500 people were on the site. The town of Gulgong was surveyed in 1870 and when gazetted in 1872 there was an estimated 20,000 people on the goldfields. 15,000 kilos of gold was extracted from the gold mines over the next decade. Much of the town however dates from the early 1870s and the first developments were around the intersection of Mayne and Hebert streets. Among the early settlers was the family of Henry Lawson and Rolfe Boldrewood the local police man who wrote Robbery Under Arms in 1882. Lawson in 1904 wrote a poem about the gold rush at Gulgong saying
Paid in laughter, tears and nuggets in the play that fortune plays —
'Tis the palmy days of Gulgong — Gulgong in the Roaring Days.
Like all mining towns Gulgong soon had hotels, banks, stores and entertainment venues like the Prince William Opera house. Solid stone and weatherboard houses came soon after. When the gold ran out the businessmen stayed on to service the farming area around the town. The bark hut of the 1871 Union church was replaced with brick and stone churches- The Anglican built theirs in 1876 to a design of architect Edmund Blacket and the Catholics built their first church in 1885 and the Presbyterians replaced their wooden church with a stone church in 1909 and the Methodists built a church in 1871 and replaced it around 1905. The first Town hall was built in 1892, the Courthouse in 1898 etc. A railway reached Gulgong in 1909. After the mining became big business requiring companies and shafts the government opened 24,000 acres around the town up for farming in 1876. Wheat became a major product as well as wool. A flour mill was built near the town and a new large mill in 1894. Once the railway arrived another new flourmill was erected with silos.
The town has more than 130 heritage listed buildings.
Bendigo.
Bendigo is figuratively and literally the city built on gold. Beneath the modern city is a maze of tunnels and shafts from one of the world’s richest gold finds. Bendigo meant gold. Thirty seven separate quartz reefs lie beneath the city and gold was found in them all. After the first alluvial gold was found in late 1851 diggers started to flock to the goldfields. The wives of two workers on the 200,000 acre Ravenswood sheep run are credited with finding the first alluvial gold on the sheep station but many others have also claimed this distinction. Within weeks there were signs of this gold rush becoming another California type gold rush with hopeful diggers pouring into the gold region from China, Italy, Germany, other parts of the British Empire and the other Australian colonies. The Victorian gold rushes transformed all of the Australian colonies. By mid 1852 there were 20,000 people on the Bendigo mine fields and this later swelled to 40,000 people in the Bendigo region. This figures included around 5,000 to 8,000 Chinese diggers and gold camp followers and businessmen. The names of some of the mines were taken from the gullies and regions of Bendigo and they are now suburbs of Bendigo - Kangaroo Flat, Eaglehawk, Golden Square, Long Gully, California Gully, Ironbark, etc. Gold mining might have begun on Bendigo Creek where the Gold Commissioners, who checked the miners’ licenses and where the police and courts were set up, but mining soon spread through the Bendigo district. Camp Hill overlooking Bendigo Creek and Rosalind Park became the government centre from where police and control was exercised. The old Bendigo Gaol (1859) is still up on the hill there next to the Camp Hill state school (1877). The old government Survey Office was also built here in 1858 at the top of View Street on Camp Hill and the Police Barracks were constructed at the bottom of the hill in 1859.
Bendigo was the world’s richest and biggest gold field until the discovery of the Kalgoorlie goldfields in Western Australian in the early 1890s. It was the largest and most successful goldfield in eastern Australia. Between 1851 and 1954 when the Central Deborah Gold Mine closed in Bendigo some 700,000 kilograms of gold was extracted from the Bendigo region. The value of its gold in current terms would be about $30 billion. The goldfield covered an area roughly 30 kilometres long and 12 kilometres wide. There were thousands of diggers who sought alluvial gold- and found it- in the 1850s before they were replaced by small and large companies who sank deep shafts and dug tunnels to extract the gold from the quartz reefs in the 1860s and later. There were more than 5,000 registered gold mines in Bendigo. This led to Bendigo having its own Stock Exchange so that gold shares could be sold to investors in London and around the world through the marvel of the telegraph. Bendigo had one of the few regional stock exchanges in Australia until it was closed in 2012. At least 140 mine shafts were sunk in Bendigo and some of them reached depths of 1,000 metres or more! Some of the poppet heads for these shafts still remain in Bendigo. One of the last mines to be formed was the Central Deborah Mining Company in 1939 and it was the last to operate. It only closed in 1954. Some of the most famous and successful of the Bendigo mining companies were: Shamrock, New Chum Hill, Lansell’s 222, Victoria Hill, etc. Since the closure of the Central Deborah Mine in 1954 new mining techniques have been used in the 1980s and 1990s to try and extract yet more gold from the old mine shafts and workings. Clearly all the heritage and history of Bendigo is clearly rooted in its gold mining past. Probably no other Town Hall in Australia has 22 carat gold leaf embellishments across the ceiling. The original Town Hall was a simple two storey structure designed by the Town Clerk in 1859. A structure more befitting a wealthy gold mining city was later required and local architect William Vahland was commissioned to transform the Town Hall into a grand structure which he did. His new Town Hall was built between 1878 and 1886 with ornate plaster mouldings on both the interior and exterior and although Vahland’s plan included a clock tower the clock was never installed in the Town Hall tower. It is still one of the grand buildings of Bendigo.
The town of Bendigo did not exist in formal terms until 1890 when a local committee was given the task of trying to decide who actually found the first gold and to decide upon a name for the city. Although the government town was known as Sandhurst, locally the town was always referred to as Bendigo. The committee asked local ratepayers and decided upon Bendigo for the city name in 1891 but they never decided unequivocally who found the first gold there. But they did acknowledged that the claim of Mrs Margaret Kennedy of the Ravenswood Run was probably the best claim. The origins for Bendigo City go back to 1853 when land was surveyed and the city plan drawn up. Pall Mall near Bendigo Creek became the centre for commercial activity and it remains a main thoroughfare. It became a municipality in 1863 and its prosperity ushered in a period of grand building which continued into the 1870s and 1880s. The arrival for the railway from Melbourne in 1862 aided the town greatly in terms of industry and communications for it could now send it products to the markets in Melbourne. By the early 1860s Bendigo had a flourishing industry base with flour mills, woollen mills, tanneries, quarries, foundries, a eucalyptus oil distillery and food production. The open eucalyptus woodland of this area just north of the Great Dividing Range was also felled and timber-cutting and saw milling was another important industry for the town.
Many of the architectural grand buildings of early Bendigo were created from the architectural studio of William Charles (Carl Wilhelm) Vahland and his associates. Vahland was born in Hanover in Germany in 1828. In 1849 he entered the most prestigious building school in Germany to learn the art of architecture. His theory and practical studies began at 6 am and finished at 9:30 pm except for the earlier finish at 7 pm on Saturdays. He studied architecture there for three years and learnt in great depth about Greek classical styles of architecture. His interests in this area influenced his architecture for the rest of his life. In 1852 after completing his studies he practised architect in Bremen and Hamburg before he sailed for the Victorian goldfields in 1854. He travelled immediately to Bendigo but had little success on the goldfields. By 1855 he was employed as carpenter before he became a naturalised British subject in 1857 which was also the year in which he established his own carpentry workshop making puddling cradles for miners. He ran his workshop and later architectural practice with his business partner Robert Getzschmann, with whom he worked until Getzschmann's death in 1875. Within a year or so of 1857 they were both working as architects but Vahland also was founding member of the Bendigo Building Society which later became the Bendigo Bank and he was a Justice of the Peace and he was active in local affairs. He married an English woman in 1859 and built his own residence in Barkley Terrace. Vahland went on to become the preeminent architect of Bendigo. He designed around 80 public structures for the city including a number of its best known buildings. He is known to have designed around 200 public and commercial buildings in the goldfields area of Central Victoria. He probably also designed dozens of large and small residences that have not been ascribed to his studio. He worked for over 50 years creating much of the visual landscape and the city. He died in 1915 after World War One broke out when sadly a few members of his beloved Masonic Lodge (he had been a member since 1857 and had been the Grand Master) tried to have him expelled because of his Germanic background!
Some of the notable Bendigo buildings designed by William Vahland are: the Alexandria Fountain in Pall Mall 1881; the City Family Hotel 1872; the Commercial Bank of Australia 1875; the original Post Office 1870; the Bendigo Art Gallery 1873 which was originally the Masonic Hall and Temple; the original Art Gallery 1867; the Temperance Hall 1860; the Sandhurst Club Building 1893; the Colonial Bank 1887; the original Shamrock Hotel 1860; the Town Hall 1878; the School of Mines 1864, 1878, 1887 and 1889; St Kilian’s Catholic Church 1888; St Paul’s Anglican Rectory 1885; All Saints Catholic Cathedral 1869; the Wesleyan Methodist church additions 1877; the Congregational Church 1890; the Lutheran Church 1857; the Convent of Mercy 1865; the Goldfields Hospital 1858, 1864 and 1866; the Bendigo Benevolent Asylum 1862, 1864 and 1872 etc. In addition to these significant structures in central Bendigo he designed churches and other public buildings in the outlying areas of Eaglehawk, Long Gully, Ironbark, California Gully, Kangaroo Flat etc.
Listed on the National Register of Historic Places this old mill,built in 1858,retains all its original equipment and could be used today.
The history of the mill can be found here:
Gulgong. Population 2,500.
This charming little town was depicted on the original Australian $10 note (from 1966 to 1993) but alas it is not on the new plastic notes. Which is a shame because Gulgong is a very historical town. Its history is well documented especially through a world important photographic collection. The photographers concerned were Henry Beaufoy Merlin and Charles Bayliss from Melbourne who photographed almost everything in the town in August 1872. 500 glass plate negatives of their photos have been bought together in the Holtermann Collection which is of international significance and it is housed in “The Greatest Wonder of the World”. This does not refer to the photographic collection but to this building which was a former American tobacco warehouse which adopted this name as an advertising stunt. It is called the Holtermann Collection because the negatives were purchased by Bernard Holtermann after Merlin’s death in 1873. Holtermann added the Gulgong photographs to his extensive collection. The collection is on a UNESCO register of heritage.
The white history of Gulgong goes back to 1821 when William Lawson (the explorer who crossed the Blue Mts in 1813 fame) explored the district. Richard Rouse a squatters moved into the region in 1822 and he and others eventually obtained licenses to legally occupy runs. In 1825 Rouse got a grant of 4,000 acres. When Major Thomas Mitchell came through here in 1831 he named the district Gulgong using an Aboriginal word meaning “deep waterhole”. Although a little gold was discovered in 1866 the district was transformed in 1870 when a major gold lode was discovered and within six weeks 500 people were on the site. The town of Gulgong was surveyed in 1870 and when gazetted in 1872 there was an estimated 20,000 people on the goldfields. 15,000 kilos of gold was extracted from the gold mines over the next decade. Much of the town however dates from the early 1870s and the first developments were around the intersection of Mayne and Hebert streets. Among the early settlers was the family of Henry Lawson and Rolfe Boldrewood the local police man who wrote Robbery Under Arms in 1882. Lawson in 1904 wrote a poem about the gold rush at Gulgong saying
Paid in laughter, tears and nuggets in the play that fortune plays —
'Tis the palmy days of Gulgong — Gulgong in the Roaring Days.
Like all mining towns Gulgong soon had hotels, banks, stores and entertainment venues like the Prince William Opera house. Solid stone and weatherboard houses came soon after. When the gold ran out the businessmen stayed on to service the farming area around the town. The bark hut of the 1871 Union church was replaced with brick and stone churches- The Anglican built theirs in 1876 to a design of architect Edmund Blacket and the Catholics built their first church in 1885 and the Presbyterians replaced their wooden church with a stone church in 1909 and the Methodists built a church in 1871 and replaced it around 1905. The first Town hall was built in 1892, the Courthouse in 1898 etc. A railway reached Gulgong in 1909. After the mining became big business requiring companies and shafts the government opened 24,000 acres around the town up for farming in 1876. Wheat became a major product as well as wool. A flour mill was built near the town and a new large mill in 1894. Once the railway arrived another new flourmill was erected with silos.
The town has more than 130 heritage listed buildings.
National Motor Museum
Established in 1964 it is Australia’s largest motor museum.
The Museum was started by Jack Kaines and Len Vigar and was purchased by the South Australian Government in 1976.
Until 1998 the National Motor Museum’s collection was housed in the old Birdwood Mill.
As an international centre for the collection, research, preservation, education and display of Australian road transport history.
Nestled in the scenic Adelaide Hills wine region, the museum’s grounds are perfect for picnics or a barbecue.
The museum annually hosts the Bay to Birdwood vehicle run.
OPENING OF THE BLUMBERG FLOUR MILLS
Blumberg was quite en fete on Sept 7, when the new "Peerless" Roller Flourmills, belonging to Messrs F Pflaum & Co, were opened by the Commissioner of Crown Lands (Hon J Coles). The members for the district (Messrs Homburg and J L Stirling), besides a large number of gentlemen interested in the neighbourhood were present, and the usual quiet of the township was changed to bustle and excitement.
The following particulars of the firm may be interesting:— Mr F Pflaum, the senior partner of the firm, settled at Blumberg in 1868, and was joined in the following year by his brother, Mr T Pflaum. Their attention was directed to the wattle-bark trade, and in 1872 they took the Blumberg mill, and with its steam power they prepared the bark for the home market, where their brand has become so favourably known that it commands a ready sale, besides being deported to the Continent and New Zealand. The success of the firm excited so much competition on account of its remunerative character that the farmers were encouraged to cultivate the wattle, instead of destroying it as had previously been the case.
The firm also worked the flour-mill on the stone system, but it was found necessary owing to the marked revolution in late years in the machinery used in milling to adopt the principle of roller crushing. Messrs F Pflaum & Co have now gone in for a complete change in the process of preparing the wheat by adopting the gradual reduction or high grinding roller system with all the newest and most complete machinery.
A new building has been erected, 50 feet long by 30 feet wide, with a basement and three floors.
The tender of Mr O E Schumacher, of America, was accepted for the machinery. He has previously erected Messrs J Dunn and Co's roller-mills at Port Adelaide and Port Augusta. A number of the machines in the new "Peerless" rollermill at Blumberg have been manufactured by him in Kilkenny, and they contain various improvements on the imported, such as scalpers, cylindrical flour dressers clothed over spiral wire, wheat graders, gravel separators, middlings grading shakers, shaking roller feeders, aspirators, dust collectors, &c, which are all admirably carried out. The roller machines, centrifugals, and other machinery have been imported from America, being all of the latest construction and excellent finish.
Some of the cleaning machines have been imported from England. The ironworks, such as shaftings, pulleys, plummer blocks, hangers, sprocket wheels, etc, have been made by Messrs A Jones and Sons, Adelaide, according to patterns supplied by Mr Schumacher. The whole of the machinery is driven by a Sulzer Brothers' patent tappet valve engine, which has been imported from Switzerland, and is of nominal ind., 60-horsepower, special patent make, and beautifully constructed, having many high points for effectiveness, regularity of speed, completeness, and simplicity. It is the first of its kind at work in the colony.
The steam power is supplied by two Cornish steel boilers, made with flanged ends and Galloway tubes, their size being 22 feet 6 inches and 19 feet 6 inches respectively, and tested to 140 lb hydraulic pressure. They were manufactured by Messrs A Jones & Sons, Adelaide. The mounting of engine and boilers was done by Mr P J Williams, of North Adelaide, who has also refitted the old engine for driving the bark mill. He has also affixed one of his improved make injectors to boilers for water-feed, which substitutes force pumps. The power is transmitted by four endless ropes from fly-wheel of the new engine to main shaft in new mill, which extends the full length of the basement. From this shaft 14 pairs of rollers on the first floor are driven with endless belt-gear and tightening pulleys, all working very smoothly. Two belts transmit the drive from main shaft to two line-shafts on the second floor, from which the different machines on the second and third floor are driven, as well as elevators (23 in number) which are all fixed in the centre of the building.
The wheat is emptied into a hopper under the verandah, and conveyed along the basement by a long worm into an encased reel, which takes out the heavy dust and any long stuff that may be in the wheat. From the reel it is sent up by an elevator to the dirty wheatbins, of which there are two on the second floor. From the dirty wheatbins it is let on to a zigzag machine (on the first floor) which gives it a further cleaning, taking away dust, chaff, and inferior stuff.
From the zigzag it falls on to a seed-cleaner which takes out all drake and small seeds. From this machine the wheat is taken up in an elevator to an oat and barley separator on the top floor, which takes every grain of oats and barley that may be in the wheat, thus producing a perfectly clean seed wheat, in which the germ has not been destroyed.
Thence the wheat drops into a Richmond scourer on the second floor, which scours the wheat thoroughly and separates the impurities and inferior stuff. From the scourer it falls into a gravel separator on the first floor, separating all stones and other stuff heavier than a grain of wheat. The wheat is then taken up to the brush machine on the top floor, which brushes off all remaining impurities, and then it is conveyed to the clean wheat bins, of which there are four on the second floor. From the clean wheatbins it is taken to a grader (on same floor), which divides the smaller grains from the larger, falling from this onto a separate pair of first break rolls, which break each grain in the crease. The broken grains are then carried to a double scalper for dressing out the crease flour, which is of a dark grey colour, and sent to the pollard. The broken grain is gradually reduced on the second, third, fourth, and fifth break rolls, each time being reduced on the scalpers, which are placed in connection with the aspirators, purifiers, and dust collectors. The middlings and flour taken out by the scalpers go to a cylindrical flour dresser, separating the break-flour, and sending the middlings on to a grading shaker, by which they are graded and sent to three middlings purifiers, which purify and assort the same for the various smooth rolls on which they are gradually reduced into flour.
The products of the smooth rolls are dressed and redressed on seven centrifugals until the results are a "peerless" flour flowing into a flourbin on the second floor, from which it is bagged on the roller-floor by a Eureka flourpacker. All dirty dust from the wheat-cleaning machines is drawn off by various pans into a large dustroom partitioned off in the old mill. The aspirators of the roller machines, purifiers, &c, are each connected with a separate dust collector.
There is also one pair of stones in the new mill for crushing fodder. The old mill has been cleared of its stone gear, &c, and turned into a store room. The cost of the new mill has amounted to about £7,000.
The Hungarian system of crushing wheat by means of rollers had been known for 60 or 70 years, but it had only been perfected by Messrs Ganz & Co of late years.
In 1884 the Scottish millers expended £800,000 in changing their machinery from the old stone process to the roller.
Messrs Pflaum had shown great enterprise in keeping up with the times.
A luncheon was held at the Napoleon Bonaparte Hotel, where Host Millard had prepared an excellent repast. Mr Pflaum occupied the chair, and there were about 50 gentlemen present. [Ref: Express and Telegraph (Adelaide) 12 September 1888]
*Blumberg was a locality named early in 1848. Johann Blumel was one of the earliest settlers there and is believed to have named the place for the town of Blumberg, in the province of Brandenburg, Germany, from where he and other settlers had emigrated. The name was changed to Birdwood in 1918 in honour of Sir William R Birdwood, an English General of World War One who commanded Australian Troops.
Lehigh Canal, Central RR of New Jersey station "Main Street Depot" built in 1873 in Bethlehem. Postmarked 1910 but photo is probably earlier. Someone on Facebook gave me the name and address of it now: It is restored and a restaurant and cigar bar: The Wooden Match, 61 W. Lehigh Street, Bethlehem. www.thewoodenmatch.com
National Motor Museum
Established in 1964 it is Australia’s largest motor museum.
The Museum was started by Jack Kaines and Len Vigar and was purchased by the South Australian Government in 1976.
Until 1998 the National Motor Museum’s collection was housed in the old Birdwood Mill.
As an international centre for the collection, research, preservation, education and display of Australian road transport history.
Nestled in the scenic Adelaide Hills wine region, the museum’s grounds are perfect for picnics or a barbecue.
The museum annually hosts the Bay to Birdwood vehicle run.
OPENING OF THE BLUMBERG FLOUR MILLS
Blumberg was quite en fete on Sept 7, when the new "Peerless" Roller Flourmills, belonging to Messrs F Pflaum & Co, were opened by the Commissioner of Crown Lands (Hon J Coles). The members for the district (Messrs Homburg and J L Stirling), besides a large number of gentlemen interested in the neighbourhood were present, and the usual quiet of the township was changed to bustle and excitement.
The following particulars of the firm may be interesting:— Mr F Pflaum, the senior partner of the firm, settled at Blumberg in 1868, and was joined in the following year by his brother, Mr T Pflaum. Their attention was directed to the wattle-bark trade, and in 1872 they took the Blumberg mill, and with its steam power they prepared the bark for the home market, where their brand has become so favourably known that it commands a ready sale, besides being deported to the Continent and New Zealand. The success of the firm excited so much competition on account of its remunerative character that the farmers were encouraged to cultivate the wattle, instead of destroying it as had previously been the case.
The firm also worked the flour-mill on the stone system, but it was found necessary owing to the marked revolution in late years in the machinery used in milling to adopt the principle of roller crushing. Messrs F Pflaum & Co have now gone in for a complete change in the process of preparing the wheat by adopting the gradual reduction or high grinding roller system with all the newest and most complete machinery.
A new building has been erected, 50 feet long by 30 feet wide, with a basement and three floors.
The tender of Mr O E Schumacher, of America, was accepted for the machinery. He has previously erected Messrs J Dunn and Co's roller-mills at Port Adelaide and Port Augusta. A number of the machines in the new "Peerless" rollermill at Blumberg have been manufactured by him in Kilkenny, and they contain various improvements on the imported, such as scalpers, cylindrical flour dressers clothed over spiral wire, wheat graders, gravel separators, middlings grading shakers, shaking roller feeders, aspirators, dust collectors, &c, which are all admirably carried out. The roller machines, centrifugals, and other machinery have been imported from America, being all of the latest construction and excellent finish.
Some of the cleaning machines have been imported from England. The ironworks, such as shaftings, pulleys, plummer blocks, hangers, sprocket wheels, etc, have been made by Messrs A Jones and Sons, Adelaide, according to patterns supplied by Mr Schumacher. The whole of the machinery is driven by a Sulzer Brothers' patent tappet valve engine, which has been imported from Switzerland, and is of nominal ind., 60-horsepower, special patent make, and beautifully constructed, having many high points for effectiveness, regularity of speed, completeness, and simplicity. It is the first of its kind at work in the colony.
The steam power is supplied by two Cornish steel boilers, made with flanged ends and Galloway tubes, their size being 22 feet 6 inches and 19 feet 6 inches respectively, and tested to 140 lb hydraulic pressure. They were manufactured by Messrs A Jones & Sons, Adelaide. The mounting of engine and boilers was done by Mr P J Williams, of North Adelaide, who has also refitted the old engine for driving the bark mill. He has also affixed one of his improved make injectors to boilers for water-feed, which substitutes force pumps. The power is transmitted by four endless ropes from fly-wheel of the new engine to main shaft in new mill, which extends the full length of the basement. From this shaft 14 pairs of rollers on the first floor are driven with endless belt-gear and tightening pulleys, all working very smoothly. Two belts transmit the drive from main shaft to two line-shafts on the second floor, from which the different machines on the second and third floor are driven, as well as elevators (23 in number) which are all fixed in the centre of the building.
The wheat is emptied into a hopper under the verandah, and conveyed along the basement by a long worm into an encased reel, which takes out the heavy dust and any long stuff that may be in the wheat. From the reel it is sent up by an elevator to the dirty wheatbins, of which there are two on the second floor. From the dirty wheatbins it is let on to a zigzag machine (on the first floor) which gives it a further cleaning, taking away dust, chaff, and inferior stuff.
From the zigzag it falls on to a seed-cleaner which takes out all drake and small seeds. From this machine the wheat is taken up in an elevator to an oat and barley separator on the top floor, which takes every grain of oats and barley that may be in the wheat, thus producing a perfectly clean seed wheat, in which the germ has not been destroyed.
Thence the wheat drops into a Richmond scourer on the second floor, which scours the wheat thoroughly and separates the impurities and inferior stuff. From the scourer it falls into a gravel separator on the first floor, separating all stones and other stuff heavier than a grain of wheat. The wheat is then taken up to the brush machine on the top floor, which brushes off all remaining impurities, and then it is conveyed to the clean wheat bins, of which there are four on the second floor. From the clean wheatbins it is taken to a grader (on same floor), which divides the smaller grains from the larger, falling from this onto a separate pair of first break rolls, which break each grain in the crease. The broken grains are then carried to a double scalper for dressing out the crease flour, which is of a dark grey colour, and sent to the pollard. The broken grain is gradually reduced on the second, third, fourth, and fifth break rolls, each time being reduced on the scalpers, which are placed in connection with the aspirators, purifiers, and dust collectors. The middlings and flour taken out by the scalpers go to a cylindrical flour dresser, separating the break-flour, and sending the middlings on to a grading shaker, by which they are graded and sent to three middlings purifiers, which purify and assort the same for the various smooth rolls on which they are gradually reduced into flour.
The products of the smooth rolls are dressed and redressed on seven centrifugals until the results are a "peerless" flour flowing into a flourbin on the second floor, from which it is bagged on the roller-floor by a Eureka flourpacker. All dirty dust from the wheat-cleaning machines is drawn off by various pans into a large dustroom partitioned off in the old mill. The aspirators of the roller machines, purifiers, &c, are each connected with a separate dust collector.
There is also one pair of stones in the new mill for crushing fodder. The old mill has been cleared of its stone gear, &c, and turned into a store room. The cost of the new mill has amounted to about £7,000.
The Hungarian system of crushing wheat by means of rollers had been known for 60 or 70 years, but it had only been perfected by Messrs Ganz & Co of late years.
In 1884 the Scottish millers expended £800,000 in changing their machinery from the old stone process to the roller.
Messrs Pflaum had shown great enterprise in keeping up with the times.
A luncheon was held at the Napoleon Bonaparte Hotel, where Host Millard had prepared an excellent repast. Mr Pflaum occupied the chair, and there were about 50 gentlemen present. [Ref: Express and Telegraph (Adelaide) 12 September 1888]
*Blumberg was a locality named early in 1848. Johann Blumel was one of the earliest settlers there and is believed to have named the place for the town of Blumberg, in the province of Brandenburg, Germany, from where he and other settlers had emigrated. The name was changed to Birdwood in 1918 in honour of Sir William R Birdwood, an English General of World War One who commanded Australian Troops.
It's not every day you are greeted by this likes of this guy. This haunted house is an abandoned roller mill located in Ether, NC.
This was one part of an old place called Smithfield Roller Mills. I'm not sure what that means, but I liked this tall narrow, and slightly lopsided, part of it. It was actually taller than shown here, but I cut out my daughter and her cousin from the bottom of the shot.
The reason I call it "Ghost House" can probably only be seen if you look at the shot in original size.
Sorry!
But even if there is no ghost, it was still a cool looking old building.
nrhp # 83002255- Mascot Roller Mills, also known as Ressler's Mill, is a historic grist mill complex located at Upper Leacock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. The complex consists of the mill, miller's house, summer kitchen, and frame barn. The original section of the mill was built in 1737. The machinery was installed in 1906. It is a three-story, "L"-shaped stone building with a gable roof and cupola. The house was built in 1855, and is a two-story, gable roofed brick banked building. The summer kitchen is adjacent to the house is a one-story, brick structure. The small frame barn dates to the late-19th century. It is the oldest continuously operating grist mill in Lancaster County.[2]
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
from Wikipedia
no.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A6ggernes_valsem%C3%B8lle
(in Norwegian).
This picture is one of ten winners in the photo competition "Wiki Loves Monuments 2020" in Norway and participates in the international final:
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Wiki_Loves_Monuments_2....
2nd Empire Victorian building is now a museum open by appointment • plaque reads: Important roller mill produced flour, meal, and feed. Built 1896 by North Side Roller Mill Co. Operated by Grimes family 1906-1963. Purchased 1983 by Historic Salisbury Foundation. Contains early machinery.
National Register #84002492, 1984
The Southside Roller Mill in Chase City, Virginia started operations in 1912. The company produced and sold Wide-Awake Flour, and “Hoe-Cake Corn Meal until 1981.
Gold Coin Flour. New Ulm, Minnesota. Postcard.
1909 NEW ULM MINN. Postmark.
Sent:
Mrs. J.C. Jacobs
Walnut Grove, Minn.
Message:
Baking results are never in doubt when you use Gold Coin Flour. Order a sack today...
[07052]
Following a good response to the photo of my Lister D engines for sale I've decided to advertise this rather large item, a roller mill made by Woods & Cocksedge of Stowmarket, Suffolk. It's the only one of this size that is known to me, a smaller one is in the Gwent Museum of Rural Life at Usk, actually also owned by me but now on permanent loan.
I will never get back the £120 I paid for this about 25 years ago, but willing to let it go for £50. It would make a great exhibit for a larger engine as this mill is quite big standing at 63" (160cm) high and 59" overall length (150cm). Easily moveable as it is on wheels as shown in the inset.
I am located at Bridgend in South Wales.
Added to flickr for easier sharing on other social network sites.
The car shown in the background is not available as it is now with a new owner and being restored as can be seen by following this link: www.flickr.com/photos/127972168@N03/sets/72157649500002166
This image is the copyright of © Michael John Stokes; Any users, found to replicate, reproduce, circulate, distribute, download, manipulate or otherwise use my images without my written consent will be in breach of copyright laws. Please contact me at mjs@opobs.co.uk for permission to use any of my photographs.
PLEASE NOTE: Before adding any of my photographs to your 'Favorites", please check out my policy on this issue on my profile.
nrhp # 83002255- Mascot Roller Mills, also known as Ressler's Mill, is a historic grist mill complex located at Upper Leacock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. The complex consists of the mill, miller's house, summer kitchen, and frame barn. The original section of the mill was built in 1737. The machinery was installed in 1906. It is a three-story, "L"-shaped stone building with a gable roof and cupola. The house was built in 1855, and is a two-story, gable roofed brick banked building. The summer kitchen is adjacent to the house is a one-story, brick structure. The small frame barn dates to the late-19th century. It is the oldest continuously operating grist mill in Lancaster County.[2]
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
from Wikipedia
Millstone and Roller Mills used to grind wheat into flour.
Mill City Museum Bush Foundation Exhibit Gallery.
I have not been able to find any information about this mill. When I look it up I learn that it started in 1959. But, I think I saw a sign that referred to this roller mill going back to the 1800s.
In 1821 James Kelsey and Francis Dickson partnered up to build a small mill along the banks of the Big Raccoon Creek. The spot they chose was ideal as it stood on firm sandstone bedrock near a sandstone ford in the creek. Plenty of virgin timber in the uncut wilderness provided materials for the original 30 X 20 log structure. In 1828, after a lengthy lawsuit, James Kelsey sells his half of the mill to Francis Dickson for $500. later that year Dickson sells 2/3 of an interest in the mill to James and Joseph Strain for $1,500. He then sells 1/3 of an interest in the mill for $1,800 to Joseph Pots. in 1831 Pots sells his interest in the mill to the Strain brothers in 1839 for $2,000. The Strain brothers are believed to be responsible for adding a sash mill sometime in the 1830s. In 1845 they sell the mill and surrounding land to Senator George Kirkpatrick Steele. Steele was a local store owner who had come to the area from nearby Portland Mills in 1829. During Steele's ownership it is believe that the original structure was added on and enlarged until it reached a size of 50' x 60'.
The mill was sold in 1846 to George W Crosby who died shortly thereafter. Leaving his heirs with significant debt the mill's ownership was sold at auction to Judge Samuel B Gookins for $4,714. Judge Gookins is responsible for platting the town of Mansfield during his ownership of the Mill. Peter and Nancy Bird bought the mills from Mr Gookin for $8,000 in 1861. The Mill changed hands 3 more times in the next 5 years, eventually coming into the hands of James Murphy in 1866 for $8,000. He then sold the mill to who perhaps may have been the most influential owners of the Mill, Jacob and Mary Rohm in 1875.
Jacob Rohm
In 1875 a local mill entrepreneur by the name of Jacob Rohm bought the Mansfield Mill. Being a veteran miller he made some impressive changes to the structure. first he tore down the mill in 1880 and redesigned it from the ground up. He replaced the previous tub wheels with two new water powered turbines, the 85 HP Rodney Hunt installed in 1886 and the 65 HP Lefel installed in 1889. He also modeled the mill entirely off of the latest Oliver Evans design with bucket elevators and spouts replacing bag and shoulder methods. He also added in a corn mill on the south wall in addition to the 4 operating flour mills. In 1884 he removed the antiquated Buhr stones and replaced them with top-of-the-line metal roll-stands. The new mill was valued at $18,000 in 1891.
End of Commercial Operations
in 1929, Jacob Rohm's two sons sold the mill to Walter Ferguson. He in turn sold the Mill to Clarence Reeves in 1933 for $2,000. R.L. Reeves inherited the mill from his father and ran the mill as R.L. Reeves and Son up until his death in 1967. The mill then sold in 1969 for $1.00 to Edward (Tex) Terry and his wife Isabell.
Between 1973 and 1978 Tex Kelly (Edward Earl Terry (actor)) "The Bad Man of the movies" purchased the Mansfield Roller Mill and several other buildings and attempted to fulfill his dream of turning the town into Frontier City. His efforts failed and in 1979, Tex and Isabel returned to Tex's hometown of Coxville, Indiana and opened "Tex's Longhorn Tavern".[2][3]
in 1978 the mill was sold to Robert Twell.
Owners Jack & Shirley Dalton and Frank & Sharon Hutcheson donated the mill to the Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of State Museums and Historic Sites in 1995. In 2002 the mill was traded from The Division of Historic Sites to the Division of State Parks and Reservoirs, and is now owned, maintained and operated by Raccoon State Recreation Area.
In 1998 significant restoration work was started that took several years to complete. The overhaul was started by Indiana Division of Historic Sites in the 1990s and completed by Raccoon State Recreation Area in 2005. The mill does equipment demosntrations for festivals and special events using its original Rodney Hunt Turbine installed in 1886.
Tenders for the construction of the Caltowie steam flourmill were called for in 1880. The building was up for rent in 1881.
After a public meeting in the Caltowie Institute the Caltowie Steam Flourmill Company was formed. Many local farmers bought shares for 5 pounds each. The flourmill had a rail siding. The Company renewed the lease in 1884. It was then up for sale in 1892 and 1893. The mill was sold to James Both in 1894 and shareholders received about 10 shillings a share. Both then ran the mill well into the 1920s. Both called it the Roller Flour Mills. The mill was struck by lgihtening in 1927 but suffered little damage. When did it close?
Both's son Edward Both invented a cheap plywood iron lung at the height of the polio epidemic in Australia in 1938. It sold for 100 pounds unlike the metal aMerican respirator which cost 2000 pounds in Australia. Both's iron lung was sold in England Australia and eventually America. Edward Both was a professor of Physics at the University of Adelaide. He also did work on electrocardiagrams and humidicribs.
no.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A6ggernes_valsem%C3%B8lle
no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hegreneset (both in Norwegian).
This picture is one of ten winners in the photo competition "Wiki Loves Monuments 2020" in Norway and participates in the international final: commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Wiki_Loves_Monuments_2....
Located at junction of Hwy 88 and Hwy 677, in the town of Monroe, Hart County, Kentucky. I,ve been wanting to post this one since I took it in early January............ been holding out till I found someone to tell me what the building ,s original function was.
The building,s last life that I knew of was holding auctions on Friday nights and it had been ages since that happened. Wanted to think it was a general store at one time .............. window patterns said no .......... who ever saw a store with windows on second floor and none on the bottom floor. The front didn,t work for a store either ............ looks like a drunk took out the front of the building and it was cheaper to fix it back as a recessed entrance. Then we have the dormers sticking out of what could be the third floor ................. living quarters on the top floor ??
Some answers came today ................. Don Pedigo a life long resident of the area called today to place an order. Don tells that back " Back in the day, it was the mill for the area to process wheat into flour and corn into cornmeal ". I asked about the dormers in the roof and Don says he can remember that yes the building was used as a residence at one time. The front, below the Coca Cola sign was the loading dock.
If someone from the area sees this ............. please leave some info about it in the comment section.
Mansfield, Indiana
Construction was begun in 1819. The mill continued in commercial use until 1929 when it began to be used only as a local feed mill. It, along with the covered bridge, are the centerpieces of Mansfield during the Covered Bridge Festival. The Mill is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Stockwell.
Land was subdivided by Samuel Stockwell in 1856 to create a private town. He later committed suicide in 1870. The town school opened in 1867 and became a state school in 1875 with the current building erected a few years after that around 1880. The Stockwell School closed in 1971 and became a private residence. It is interesting as the school room was left with protruding bluestones ready to add another classroom which was obviously never required.
A Lutheran church was built in Stockwell in 1863. This was replaced with the current church in 1904. Like many Barossa Valley Lutheran churches a tower with a witch’s hat type spire was added some years later. A roller flourmill driven by steam thus requiring a very tall chimney to produce the steam was opened in 1890. It still stands in Stockwell as a reminder of the grain growing rather than vine growing days of the Valley. It is probably the only flourmill with a tall chimney stack left in the Barossa Valley from the 19th century. A small Institute opened in Stockwell in 1911. The town got a railway siding when the Nuriootpa to Truro railway spur line was opened in 1917. Stockwell still has a hotel and grain silos although there is no longer a railway station there.
Chesterton Roller Mills [Blackwell Mill]
Date: 1905
Source Type: Advertisement
Publisher, Printer, Photographer: Bumstead
Postmark: Not Applicable
Collection: Steven R. Shook
Remark: H. L. Cooper, proprietor. Manufacturer of winter wheat flour, whole wheat flour, Graham flour, rye and buckwheat flour, cornmeal, and feed. Chesterton Roller Mills was a flouring mill located at the northeast corner of present day intersection of Calumet Avenue and Porter Avenue in Chesterton. Coffee Creek ran east of the mill and provided the mill's source of power. The mill site was originally called Ingraham's Mill after Daniel P. Ingraham, who established the mill site on what later would be referred to as Lot 4 of Block 4 in the Quick's Addition. Ingraham was extensively engaged in the stumpage and lumber business in the townships of Jackson, Liberty, and Westchester. Thomas Blackwell purchased the milling business in December 1875, and the mill's name was changed to Blackwell's Mill. During Blackwell's ownership, the mill included a three-run grist operation, a sawmill, a planar mill, a matcher, and machine shop, which was valued at more than $2,000 in 1882. John A. Kettring would purchase the mill from Blackwell, which he then sold to H. L. Cooper of Morgan Park, Cook County, Illinois, in 1903. Cooper leased the mill to James E. Flynn in September 1907. Flynn had moved to Chesterton from Rensselaer, Jasper County, Indiana.
Source:
Bumstead & Company. 1905. Bumstead's Valparaiso City and Porter County Business Directory, Including Rural Routes. Chicago, Illinois: Radtke Brothers. 421 p. [see p. 315]
Copyright 2009. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.
A square pattern of intricate woodwook is seen in one of the historic roller mill buildings on Heritage Day in Muddy Creek Forks, PA.
This handsome fellow is the greeter for the Ether's Haunted Roller Mill. I don't know who the artist is but he or she did an incredible job with this mask.
The old Ma and Pa rails lead to the old roller mill buildings and then to the A.M. Grove Store on Heritage Day in Muddy Creek Forks, PA.
Located at junction of Hwy 88 and Hwy 677, in the town of Monroe, Hart County, Kentucky. I,ve been wanting to post this one since I took it in early January............ been holding out till I found someone to tell me what the building ,s original function was.
The building,s last life that I knew of was holding auctions on Friday nights and it had been ages since that happened. Wanted to think it was a general store at one time .............. window patterns said no .......... who ever saw a store with windows on second floor and none on the bottom floor. The front didn,t work for a store either ............ looks like a drunk took out the front of the building and it was cheaper to fix it back as a recessed entrance. Then we have the dormers sticking out of what could be the third floor ................. living quarters on the top floor ??
Some answers came today ................. Don Pedigo a life long resident of the area called today to place an order. Don tells that back " Back in the day, it was the mill for the area to process wheat into flour and corn into cornmeal ". I asked about the dormers in the roof and Don says he can remember that yes the building was used as a residence at one time. The front, below the Coca Cola sign was the loading dock.
If someone from the area sees this ............. please leave some info about it in the comment section.
nrhp # 80002915- The Carson Roller Mill is a manufacturing facility in Carson, North Dakota that was built in 1913. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1980.[1]
According to its NRHP nomination, it "is the only known roller flour mill in North Dakota to remain essentially unaltered and to contain its original equipment." It is evaluated to be "a rare and valuable example of industrial technology related to the commerce and industry of North Dakota's early settlement period."
from Wikipedia
Smokestack of the furnace (I believe) which once powered the steam engine inside the mill (which still works, by the way) Haha, I had to squat in heels in the muddy mud and almost fell into the creek in my white easter dress to get this picture, so sorry it's not better! haha!
The historical society had nice pancake breakfast fall fests every year at the Easton Roller Mill, which I happily worked in the kitchen. It featured fun stuff. Flour grinding, sheep shearing, dulcimer playing, traditional wood-block printmaking, farm crafts, yarn spinning, yard sale, historical mystery item guessing game, flour sack clothing exhibit, etc. etc. Alas, all that ended when several strip malls, condos, and a motorcycle dealership were built up the road with improper drainage into the creek that runs next to the mill, flooding the yard and cook shed several times a year, causing damage, and making it impossible to have a fall fest on the now permanently soggy ground.
The roller mill was built in 1896 and was known as the North Star Roller Mill Company. The Grimes family purchased and operated the mill from 1906 to 1963. A local historic group took control of the building that contains early milling machinery. The building is on the National Register of Historic Places. In the early morning hours of January 16, 2013, a devastating fire destroyed the mill.
Smithfield, Henry County, Kentucky. Twas the day after Christmas and not a soul was a stirring, so no one to ask. .................... Is it open or is it not !
Built in 1896 and restored in 1996. Gonna make another trip into the area in the Spring.
nrhp # 74001797- Pottstown Roller Mill is a historic roller mill located on the Schuylkill River at Pottstown, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. The original mill building was built in 1725. It was constructed of fieldstone, two stories tall, and three bays wide and two bays deep. The building was altered in 1849. In 1856, two brick stories were added to the original fieldstone mill. A five-bay, brick addition was subsequently added and doubled the size of the 1856 mill. The property includes the contributing dam and mill race.[2]
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.[1]
The mill provided flour to George Washington's Continental Army during the Revolutionary War.[3][4]
It is "the roller mill of Jesse Ives ... that provided shelter for escaping slaves" in the Underground Railroad.[5][6]
The Mill faced extensive flooding due to Hurricane Agnes in 1972 but served the community continuously despite major damages. As of this time, the Mill no longer sold flour, but "a post Revolutionary War era water wheel turned by a race stream siphoned from the Manatawny still provide[d] most of the power to operate the mill."[7]
The Pottstown Roller Mills, Inc. survives today at 625 Industrial Highway, less than a mile from the original historic building.
from Wikipedia
nrhp # 80002915- The Carson Roller Mill is a manufacturing facility in Carson, North Dakota that was built in 1913. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1980.[1]
According to its NRHP nomination, it "is the only known roller flour mill in North Dakota to remain essentially unaltered and to contain its original equipment." It is evaluated to be "a rare and valuable example of industrial technology related to the commerce and industry of North Dakota's early settlement period."
from Wikipedia
Roller Mills, Kouts, Ind.
Date: Circa 1910
Source Type: Postcard
Publisher, Printer, Photographer: C. R. Childs Company (#ml-21-kir)
Postmark: None
Collection: Steven R. Shook
Remark: Also known as the Anderson Roller Mill. The mill was purchased by Matt Heinhold in 1937 and later converted into an elevator.
Copyright 2009. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.
Mücadele size gelmiyorsa, siz ona gideceksiniz... Molino ailesi olarak başarı ve kazanç dolu bir hafta dileriz.
—
If the struggle does not come to you, you will go to it. As Molino Machinery family, we wish all a week full of success and profit.
#turnkey #food #processing #plant #factory #struggle #week #fight #work #production #manufacturing
#machinery #rollermill #model #modeling #engineering #rice #corn #maize #grinding #cereal #mücadele #makine #üretim #molino #değirmen #anahtarteslim #fabrika #kurulumu #blower