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The Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus), also spelled Gyr Falcon, sometimes Gerfalcon, is the largest of all falcon species. The Gyrfalcon breeds on Arctic coasts and islands of North America, Europe and Asia. It is mainly resident, but some Gyrfalcons disperse more widely after the breeding season, or in winter[1].
The bird's common name comes from French gerfaucon, and in mediaeval Latin is rendered as gyrofalco. The first part of the word may come from Old High German gîr (cf. modern German Geier), "vulture", referring to its size compared to other falcons, or the Latin gȳrus ("circle", "curved path") from the species' circling as it searches for prey, unlike the other falcons in its range[2]. The male gyrfalcon is called a gyrkin in falconry.
Its scientific name is composed of the Latin terms for a falcon, Falco, and for someone who lives in the countryside, rusticolus.
Plumage is very variable in this highly polymorphic species: the archetypal morphs are called "white", "silver", "brown" and "black" though coloration spans a continuous spectrum from nearly all-white birds to very dark ones.
The Gyrfalcon is a bird of tundra and mountains, with cliffs or a few patches of trees. It feeds only on birds and mammals. Like other hierofalcons, it usually hunts in a horizontal pursuit, rather than the Peregrine's speedy stoop from a height. Most prey is killed on the ground, whether they are captured there or, if the victim is a flying bird, forced to the ground. The diet is to some extent opportunistic, but a majority of breeding birds mostly rely on Lagopus grouse. Avian prey can range in size from redpolls to geese and can include gulls, corvids, smaller passerines, waders and other raptors (up to the size of Buteos). Mammalian prey can range in size from shrews to marmots (sometimes 3 times heavier than the assaulting falcon), and often includes include lemmings, voles, ground squirrels and hares. They only rarely eat carrion.
The Gyrfalcon is the official bird of Canada's Northwest Territories.
A excellent night at a beautiful preserve in the Jersey pines, the night started off with a few light sprinkles of rain, followed by a beautiful rainbow, some grilling for dinner, a great variety of moths, and the night ending with Great Horned, and Barred Owls!
This expansive property, New Jersey Conservation Foundation's largest, encompasses almost 14 square miles in the heart of the New Jersey Pine Barrens. It is accessible by a network of sandy roads that wind though pitch pine forest and blueberry fields, and run along the preserve’s cedar swamp, shallow lakes and pristine tributaries of the West Branch of the Wading River.
Four new trails totaling nearly 21 miles were recently cleared and blazed. Some are hikers-only footpaths, while others are multi-use trails that are open to bicyclists and horseback riders as well as hikers.
A former cranberry farm, the property was purchased by New Jersey Conservation Foundation in December 2003 after the owner decided he wanted it to be protected forever as a nature preserve. NJCF began an ambitious fund-raising campaign and was able to cover most of the property’s cost.
The property is a rare ecological treasure for the East Coast of the United States, containing some of the most beautiful wetlands in the Pine Barrens and providing critical habitat to more than 50 rare, threatened or endangered species.
Arescus species found inside rolled leaf shoots of Heliconia, El Chaco, Napo, Ecuador, 1650 meters altitude. The genus is exceptionally polymorphic.
Caltha palustris (kingcup, marsh marigold) is an herbaceous perennial plant of the family Ranunculaceae, native to marshes, fens, ditches and wet woodland in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
It becomes most luxuriant in partial shade, but is rare on peat. In the United Kingdom, it is probably one of the most ancient native plants, surviving the glaciations and flourishing after the last retreat of the ice, in a landscape inundated with glacial meltwaters.Height is up to 80 centimetres (31 in) tall. The leaves are rounded to kidney-shaped, 3–20 centimetres (1.2–7.9 in) across, with a bluntly serrated margin and a thick, waxy texture. Stems are hollow.The flowers are yellow, 2–5 cm (1–2 in) diameter, with 4-9 (mostly 5) petal-like sepals and many yellow stamens; they appear in early spring to late summer. The flowers are visited by a great variety of insects for pollen and for the nectar secreted from small depressions, one on each side of each carpel.Carpels form into green sac-like follicles to 1 cm long, each opening to release several seeds.Caltha palustris is a highly polymorphic species, showing continuous and independent variation in many features.
La Calta palustre (Caltha palustris L., 1753) è una piccola pianta perenne, alta fino a 50 centimetri, glabra, dai fiori colorati di giallo intenso, appartenente alla famiglia delle Ranunculaceae.Il genere Caltha comprende poche specie (una decina o più circa, di cui una spontanea in Italia) tutte dell'emisfero boreale con qualche rara apparizione in quello australe. In alcuni trattati di botanica il nome della famiglia è modificato in Ranuncolacee.Calta palustre viene considerata una pianta molto antica, come per altre specie della famiglia delle Ranunculaceae, infatti anche per questo fiore si parla di poliandria primaria, ossia una struttura primitiva (dal punto di vista evolutivo) caratterizzata da numerosi stami in disposizione spiralata per favorire al massimo la fecondazione e quindi la propagazione della specie. È sopravvissuta inoltre alle varie glaciazioni fiorendo nell'Europa del Nord dopo l'ultima ritirata del ghiaccio.
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Consensus Bayesian phylogeny of the Daphnia species complex based on the mitochondrial COX1 gene.The alignment contains 52 sequences of length 552 nt with 151 polymorphic positions of which 112 are phylogenetically informative. Nine of the 12 lineages in the Daphnia pulex species complex, including all three South American lineages, are represented. The tree is rooted through the midpoint. Numbers at the nodes are Bayesian posterior probabilities and are not shown if less than 0.80. Branch colors correspond to continents as follows: green = Europe, blue = North America, red = South America. Individual CT-18 was collected from Connecticut, USA.
Army ants, in the family Formicidae, are speciose and abundant in the tropical forest. There are around 150 species, all of which are characterized by large colonies, almost exclusive carnivory, and polymorphic workers, such as the soldier pictured above.
This specimen was collected as it entered its colony's subterranean bivouc, which is a cluster of ants clinging together. The ants typically pour out of the bivouac at dawn, and form a large raiding colony. They fan out at a distance of up to 50m from the bivouac, and then proceed to advance in a fan-shaped raiding front. Any animals (arthropods mostly) encountered are quickly subdued and brought back to the nest cache.
Arbustos caducifolios y rizomatosos de hasta 1,5 m de alto. Corteza gris clara, con escamas papiráceas. Yemas pardo rojizas oscuras, subglobosas, de unos 2 mm. Hojasverdes, a menudo tornándose parduscas con la edad, polimorfas, oblongas, elíptica y a veces lanceoladas, ovadas u oblanceoladas, de 3-10 cm de largo x 1-5 cm de ancho, bastante gruesas y duras, base de redondeada a cuneada, margen plano o revoluto, con 2-3 dientes redondeados a cada lado, ápice anchamente redondeado, haz lustroso y dispersamente pubescente o glabrescente, envés densamente pubescente, peciolo de unos 7 mm. Bellotas solitarias o en parejas, subsésiles o con pedúnculo de 10-18 mm, con cúpula de 10-12 mm de alto x 15-25 mm de ancho, nuez ovoide, marrón, de 12-25 x 14-18 mm. Especie nativa de Texas, Nuevo México y Oklahoma, en Estados Unidos. En Iturraran se encuentra en la zona 1.
Zuhaixka hosto erorkorrak eta errizomadunak, 1,5 m garai gehienez. Azala gris argia, ezkata papirazeoekin. Begiak arre gorrixka ilunak, ia esferikoak, 2 mm ingurukoak. Hostoak berdeak, adinarekin askotan arrexka bihurtzen dira, polimorfoak, luzangak, eliptikoak eta, batzuetan, lantzeolatuak, obatuak eta oblantzeolatuak, 3-10 cm luze x 1-5 cm zabal, aski lodiak eta gogorrak, oinaldea biribila, falka itxurakoa edo tartekoa, ertza laua edo kanpora kiribildua, 2-3 hortz biribilekin alde bakoitzean, punta biribil zabala, gainaldea distiratsua eta han-hemen ilaunduna edo ia glabroa, azpialdea ile-janzki trinkoduna, 7 mm inguruko pezioloa. Ezkurrak banaka edo binaka agertzen dira, ia eseriak edo 10-18 mm-ko pedunkuluarekin, kupula 10-12 mm garai x 15-25 mm zabal da, hurra arrautza formakoa da, marroia, 12-25 x 14-18 mm-koa. Espeziearen jatorria: Amerikako Estatu Batuetako Texas, Mexiko Berria eta Oklahoma. Iturraranen 1. gunean dago.
Arbustes à feuillage caduc et à rhizomes de jusqu’à 1,5 m de hauteur. Écorce gris clair, avec écailles papyracées. Bourgeons brun rougeâtre foncés, sous-globuleux, de quelques 2 mm. Feuilles vertes, souvent brunâtres avec l’âge, polymorphes, oblongues, elliptique et parfois lancéolées, ovales ou oblancéolées, de 3-10 cm de longueur x 1-5 cm de largeur, assez épaisses et dures, base d’arrondie à cunée, bord plat ou retourné, avec 2-3 dents arrondies de chaque côté, sommet largement arrondi, adaxial lustré et rarement pubescent ou glabrescent, abaxial densément pubescent, pétiole de quelques 7 mm. Glands solitaires ou en couples, sous-sessiles ou avec pédoncule de 10-18 mm, avec coupole de 10-12 mm de hauteur x 15-25 mm de largeur, noix ovoïde, marron, de 12-25 x 14-18 mm. Espèce originaire du Texas, du Nouveau Mexique et de l’Oklahoma, aux États-Unis. À Iturraran elle se trouve dans la zone 1.
Rhizome and deciduous bushes up to 1.5 m tall. Light grey bark, with papyraceous scales. Dark reddish brown buds, subglobose, around 2 mm. Green leaves, often turning brown with age, polymorphic, oblong, elliptic and sometimes lanceolate, ovate or oblanceolate, 3-10 cm long x 1-5 cm wide, rather thick and hard, round to cuneate base, rolled or flat edge, with 2-3 rounded teeth on each side, broadly rounded tip, shiny upper face and pubescent or glabrescent in place, underneath densely pubescent, petiole of around 7 mm. Single acorns or in pairs, subsessiles or with 10-18 mm peduncle, with 10-12 mm high x 15-25 mm wide cupule, ovoid nut, brown, 12-25 x 14-18 mm. Species native to Texas, New Mexico and Oklahoma in the United States. Located in zone 1 in Iturraran.
Lake Apopka Restoration Area, Lake County, FL, April 2011
Species account of this polymorphic damselfly: bugguide.net/node/view/607
Dat.: March 21. 2017
Lat.: 46.36016 Long.: 13.70263
Code: Bot_1040/2017_DSC00414
Habitat: recently clear cut light mixed wood, slightly inclined mountain slope, south aspect; colluvial, skeletal, calcareous ground with some rock boulders; dry, sunny, open place; elevation 600 m (1.970 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region.
Substratum: soil among stones and rocks.
Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soča and Trenta, right bank of river Soča, west of Trenta 2b cottage, East Julian Alps, Posočje, Slovenia EC.
Comment: Helleborus niger is another plant, which fuels my admiration year after year. Its large, up to 10 cm in diameter, snow-white flowers (when young) with their unusual structure (large white 'petals' are actually sepals!) are very beautifully shaped. But they are not only white! Many other shades from yellow, greenish, vividly pink, wine-red, to purple can be found during their growth. The first flowers already appear in earl winter, sometimes even in late November, if the weather allows and bloom well in April, even in May on cool places with lot of snow during the winter. The plant is a floral element of south and east Alps It is widely exploited in horticulture. Helleborus niger is especially valued in Japan, where Helleborus societies are establish, which organize trips to European places where displays of wild growing plants can be admired.
In west Slovenian in Upper Soča river valley and elsewhere Helleborus niger is too common plant to be truly admired. In February and March there are zillions of plants flowering everywhere, in forests, on grassland and especially along wood edges. On many places they represent the most dominant flowering plant not only during late winter but also in early spring.
How many species genus Helleborus comprise is still an open question. The number varies from 5 to 20, depending on to whom you trust. Many of them are extremely polymorphic and any kind of intermediate forms can be found.
Protected according to: Uredba o zavarovanih prostoživečih rastlinskih vrstah, poglavje A, Uradni list RS, št. 46/2004 (Regulation of protected wild plants, chapter A, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, no. 46/2004), (2004). However, protected are only underground parts and seeds (Oo category). Protected also in some other EU states.
Ref.:
(1) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 122.
(2) K. Lauber and G. Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 100.
(3) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 276.
(4) A. Martinči et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnična Založba Slovenije (2007), p 127.
(5) P. Skoberne, Zavarovane rastline Slovenije (Protected Plants of Slovenia), Mladinska Kniga (2007) (in Slovenian), p 103.
Photographed at Pauatahanui inlet on New Year's day 2012.
A species of wader in the Haematopodidae family. It is endemic to New Zealand. The Maori name is torea-pango. They are also known as 'red bills'. "Variable" refers to the frontal plumage, which ranges from pied through mottled to all black. They are polymorphic meaning they have different genetic variants. Blacker birds are more common in the south. All Stewart Island variable oystercatchers are black. They have pink legs, an orange eye ring and red beaks. They are often seen in pairs on the coast all around New Zealand. During breeding, the pair will defend their territory, sometimes aggressively. Once mated pairs rarely divorce. After breeding they may be seen within flocks, or on the edges of flocks, of black and white South Island Pied Oystercatcher (SIPO) which also have vivid orange beaks. After breeding they may even form small flocks of their own. Males are around 678 grams and females slightly larger at around 724 grams. Variables can be identified as they are slightly larger than the SIPO - SIPO are around 550 grams. Occasionally totally black but if they are pied (black and white) they can be easily confused with SIPO. The variable species has less definition between the black and the white area, as well as a mottled band on the leading edges of the underwing. Variables also have a smaller white rump patch which is only a band across the base of the tail rather than a wide wedge shape reaching up to the middle of the back as in the SIPO. When mottled they are sometimes called 'smudgies'. They feed on molluscs, crabs and marine worms. After heavy rain, they sometime go inland in search of earthworms. They can open a shellfish by either hammering a hole in it or getting the bill between the two shells (of a bivalve) and twisting them apart. They breed in North Island, South Island, Stewart Island, and Chatham Islands. They do not breed inland or beside rivers although the SIPO does. They nest on the shore between rocks or on sand dunes by making a scrape out of the sand or shingle, sometimes lined with some seaweed. When in flight they make a high pitched 'kleep kleep' sound. They usually lay 2-3 eggs but they can lay up to 5. The eggs are typically stone coloured with small brown patches all over. Eggs hatch in 25-32 days. Chicks are well camouflaged by their colour and can fly in about 6 weeks. The bird lives up to about 27 years.
Arbustos caducifolios y rizomatosos de hasta 1,5 m de alto. Corteza gris clara, con escamas papiráceas. Yemas pardo rojizas oscuras, subglobosas, de unos 2 mm. Hojasverdes, a menudo tornándose parduscas con la edad, polimorfas, oblongas, elíptica y a veces lanceoladas, ovadas u oblanceoladas, de 3-10 cm de largo x 1-5 cm de ancho, bastante gruesas y duras, base de redondeada a cuneada, margen plano o revoluto, con 2-3 dientes redondeados a cada lado, ápice anchamente redondeado, haz lustroso y dispersamente pubescente o glabrescente, envés densamente pubescente, peciolo de unos 7 mm. Bellotas solitarias o en parejas, subsésiles o con pedúnculo de 10-18 mm, con cúpula de 10-12 mm de alto x 15-25 mm de ancho, nuez ovoide, marrón, de 12-25 x 14-18 mm. Especie nativa de Texas, Nuevo México y Oklahoma, en Estados Unidos. En Iturraran se encuentra en la zona 1.
Zuhaixka hosto erorkorrak eta errizomadunak, 1,5 m garai gehienez. Azala gris argia, ezkata papirazeoekin. Begiak arre gorrixka ilunak, ia esferikoak, 2 mm ingurukoak. Hostoak berdeak, adinarekin askotan arrexka bihurtzen dira, polimorfoak, luzangak, eliptikoak eta, batzuetan, lantzeolatuak, obatuak eta oblantzeolatuak, 3-10 cm luze x 1-5 cm zabal, aski lodiak eta gogorrak, oinaldea biribila, falka itxurakoa edo tartekoa, ertza laua edo kanpora kiribildua, 2-3 hortz biribilekin alde bakoitzean, punta biribil zabala, gainaldea distiratsua eta han-hemen ilaunduna edo ia glabroa, azpialdea ile-janzki trinkoduna, 7 mm inguruko pezioloa. Ezkurrak banaka edo binaka agertzen dira, ia eseriak edo 10-18 mm-ko pedunkuluarekin, kupula 10-12 mm garai x 15-25 mm zabal da, hurra arrautza formakoa da, marroia, 12-25 x 14-18 mm-koa. Espeziearen jatorria: Amerikako Estatu Batuetako Texas, Mexiko Berria eta Oklahoma. Iturraranen 1. gunean dago.
Arbustes à feuillage caduc et à rhizomes de jusqu’à 1,5 m de hauteur. Écorce gris clair, avec écailles papyracées. Bourgeons brun rougeâtre foncés, sous-globuleux, de quelques 2 mm. Feuilles vertes, souvent brunâtres avec l’âge, polymorphes, oblongues, elliptique et parfois lancéolées, ovales ou oblancéolées, de 3-10 cm de longueur x 1-5 cm de largeur, assez épaisses et dures, base d’arrondie à cunée, bord plat ou retourné, avec 2-3 dents arrondies de chaque côté, sommet largement arrondi, adaxial lustré et rarement pubescent ou glabrescent, abaxial densément pubescent, pétiole de quelques 7 mm. Glands solitaires ou en couples, sous-sessiles ou avec pédoncule de 10-18 mm, avec coupole de 10-12 mm de hauteur x 15-25 mm de largeur, noix ovoïde, marron, de 12-25 x 14-18 mm. Espèce originaire du Texas, du Nouveau Mexique et de l’Oklahoma, aux États-Unis. À Iturraran elle se trouve dans la zone 1.
Rhizome and deciduous bushes up to 1.5 m tall. Light grey bark, with papyraceous scales. Dark reddish brown buds, subglobose, around 2 mm. Green leaves, often turning brown with age, polymorphic, oblong, elliptic and sometimes lanceolate, ovate or oblanceolate, 3-10 cm long x 1-5 cm wide, rather thick and hard, round to cuneate base, rolled or flat edge, with 2-3 rounded teeth on each side, broadly rounded tip, shiny upper face and pubescent or glabrescent in place, underneath densely pubescent, petiole of around 7 mm. Single acorns or in pairs, subsessiles or with 10-18 mm peduncle, with 10-12 mm high x 15-25 mm wide cupule, ovoid nut, brown, 12-25 x 14-18 mm. Species native to Texas, New Mexico and Oklahoma in the United States. Located in zone 1 in Iturraran.