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Carta (Sibiu County): Cistercian monastery
The city and monastery of Carta are located 43 km from Sibiu on the road to Brasov. Here are preserved the ruins of the Cistercian monastery, one of the oldest and most important monuments of the primitive Gothic church in Transylvania. The Cistercians are a monastic order originating in France and widespread in several countries.
The Carta Cistercian Abbey played a major role in the political, economic and cultural history of medieval Transylvania, as well as in the introduction but also in the dissemination of Gothic art in the inter-Carpathian space.
The monastery was founded in the years 1205-1206 by King Andrew II of Hungary.
The beginnings of the monastery are confirmed with the erection of its first buildings, used, as the Cistercians used it, from perishable materials, that is to say wood. These can be dated with relative certainty between the years 1205-1206.
The stone parts of the monastery will be erected between the years 1220 and the end of 1230. The construction of the monastery was carried out in two main phases of execution, chronologically interrupted by the great Tatar invasion of 1241.
In the first phase of construction, which has stylistic characteristics dependent on the late Romanesque, the general plan of the monastery was drawn, the walls delimiting its inner courtyard being raised to a height of 3-4m above the ground.
In 1260, after the assassination caused by the Mongol invasion in the spring of 1241, construction work will resume under the direction of a new architect, trained in the environment of mature Gothic, and with the contribution of a workshop of stone with an eclectic structure.
By 1300, the church and the eastern wing of the Charter Monastery were completed, with the completion and construction of the southern wing of the abbey continuing for approximately two decades.
The fierce struggles with the Ottomans from 1421 to 1432 and the decline of the order made the church and its monastery a ruin. This also led to its closure by King Mathias Corvin in 1474.
However, the west facade is still standing and above the Gothic portal is a large rose window. The tower attached to the facade was built later, in the middle of the 15th century, and its transformation into a bell tower took place later.
Currently, the monastery no longer has all the original buildings and annexes, many of which collapse. The vaults of the huge church have collapsed and there are only a few exterior walls and two interior beams (south and north). To the south, there is still a single Roman column, and the side ships, according to the Cistercian plan, end in a small square choir. The main ship no longer has a ceiling - in its place is a cemetery in memory of the German soldiers killed in the First World War.
The Reformed Church today occupies only the choir and the apse of the old basilica. The Gothic portal has probably been moved from a side entrance and its profile betrays Gothic influences.
Numerous examples of the tombs of the founders of Cistercian churches allow the existence of a royal necropolis under Carta.
The Santa Clara River Valley has always had a strong tie with the agricultural community which is evident here as the Oxnard Local trundles past a farmer plowing his field. This line once generated a significant amount of perishable load traffic for the Southern Pacific, but lost it in the 70s due to trucking deregulation.
From the Time Machine. 196 feet of power with only 2 units.
Union Pacific eastbound manifest powered by UP6906 and UP6927, pulling what appears to be perishables in PFE mechanical refer cars. Looking at my own photos, it would seem unusual to see any train with 2 of the giant EMD DD40AX and no other diesel units mated, although the DD40AX duo alone would be 13,200 HP up front. Photo at Hermosa, WY taken circa 1973/74.
Originally I planned to take a picture for Yu-Fen with a lampion (Physalis) and the moon, as there is moon festival in Taipei. Well I was not successful, never mind, the result of the new experimental layout was almost as nice as a combination with the moon. I like especially the reflection and the blue ray of the flashlight behind the balloon.
Canon PowerShot S5 IS
Aufnahmedatum/-zeit: 23.09.2007 21:55
Aufnahmemodus: Manuell
Tv (Verschlusszeit): 0.4
Av (Blendenzahl): 3.2
Filmempfindlichkeit (ISO): 80
Objektiv: 6.0 - 72.0mm
Brennweite: 11.1mm (Crop)
Corn flower crusted tofu squared served over sauteed leeks and broccoli. Topped with a flavorful cornflower sauce and dashed with a pinch of Celtic sea salt.
We rarely "plan". Our approach is generally, what perishables need to be used and what staples do we have to work with. Fortunately Art is a creative cook!
All Souls' Day, also called The Commemoration of All the Faithful Departed, is a day of prayer and remembrance for the faithful departed. Through prayer, intercessions, alms and visits to cemeteries, people commemorate the poor souls in purgatory and gain them indulgences.
These graves are decorated with flowers, fruit, candles, the deceased's favorite food, and other perishable items which are taken down immediately after the holiday period.
Carta (Sibiu County): Cistercian monastery
The city and monastery of Carta are located 43 km from Sibiu on the road to Brasov. Here are preserved the ruins of the Cistercian monastery, one of the oldest and most important monuments of the primitive Gothic church in Transylvania. The Cistercians are a monastic order originating in France and widespread in several countries.
The Carta Cistercian Abbey played a major role in the political, economic and cultural history of medieval Transylvania, as well as in the introduction but also in the dissemination of Gothic art in the inter-Carpathian space.
The monastery was founded in the years 1205-1206 by King Andrew II of Hungary.
The beginnings of the monastery are confirmed with the erection of its first buildings, used, as the Cistercians used it, from perishable materials, that is to say wood. These can be dated with relative certainty between the years 1205-1206.
The stone parts of the monastery will be erected between the years 1220 and the end of 1230. The construction of the monastery was carried out in two main phases of execution, chronologically interrupted by the great Tatar invasion of 1241.
In the first phase of construction, which has stylistic characteristics dependent on the late Romanesque, the general plan of the monastery was drawn, the walls delimiting its inner courtyard being raised to a height of 3-4m above the ground.
In 1260, after the assassination caused by the Mongol invasion in the spring of 1241, construction work will resume under the direction of a new architect, trained in the environment of mature Gothic, and with the contribution of a workshop of stone with an eclectic structure.
By 1300, the church and the eastern wing of the Charter Monastery were completed, with the completion and construction of the southern wing of the abbey continuing for approximately two decades.
The fierce struggles with the Ottomans from 1421 to 1432 and the decline of the order made the church and its monastery a ruin. This also led to its closure by King Mathias Corvin in 1474.
However, the west facade is still standing and above the Gothic portal is a large rose window. The tower attached to the facade was built later, in the middle of the 15th century, and its transformation into a bell tower took place later.
Currently, the monastery no longer has all the original buildings and annexes, many of which collapse. The vaults of the huge church have collapsed and there are only a few exterior walls and two interior beams (south and north). To the south, there is still a single Roman column, and the side ships, according to the Cistercian plan, end in a small square choir. The main ship no longer has a ceiling - in its place is a cemetery in memory of the German soldiers killed in the First World War.
The Reformed Church today occupies only the choir and the apse of the old basilica. The Gothic portal has probably been moved from a side entrance and its profile betrays Gothic influences.
Numerous examples of the tombs of the founders of Cistercian churches allow the existence of a royal necropolis under Carta.
A statue of Thomas Sutcliff Mort in Macquarie Place Park, in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Erected in 1883, in memory of the man who was regarded as a pioneer of Australian resources and industries. It depicts Mort wearing a knee length coat with his right arm on his hip and left hand resting on papers on top of a pedestal.
The bronze statue stands on the site of one of Sydney’s first fountains. It is part of a series of monuments celebrating 19th century liberal individualism, and was unveiled by the Governor Lord Augustus Loftus on Saturday 9 June 1883. It faces the Royal Exchange, which was the largest wool selling centre in the world.
Thomas Sutcliffe Mort was born in Bolton, Lancashire, England. He arrived in Sydney in February 1838 on the ship Superb and became a clerk with the Aspinall, Browne & Co where he gained extensive experience in local and international commerce.
He was a pioneer of pastoral and livestock auctioneering with particular emphasis on the wool industry and was influential in establishing both international wool markets for Australia and setting the pattern for the later wool-broking firms. He also laid the foundations of the meat export industry in making exports of perishable food possible through refrigeration.
In addition, he was the founder of the Australian Mutual Provident Society, a promoter of the sugar industry in Queensland and a director of the Sydney Railway Company in 1851. Mort was also involved in mining and opened a large dry dock in Sydney in 1855. He was a prominent Anglican layman with substantial personal wealth.
It was designed by American born sculptor, Pierce Francis Connelly, was raised in England but spent most of his life in Europe. He visited New Zealand in 1877-8 but was living back in Florence at the time of producing this commission. Connelly worked in the Neo-Classical style, and this statue was described in 1923 as ‘a good specimen of the sculptor’s art in spite of the trousers’.
Information Source:
Jaulian (Urdu: جولیاں; meaning Seat of Saints[1]) is a ruined Buddhist monastery dating from the 2nd century CE,[2] located in Pakistan. Jaulian is located in Haripur District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, near the provincial border with Punjab and the city of Taxila.
Jaulian, along with the nearby monastery at Mohra Muradu, form part of the Ruins of Taxila – a collection of excavations that were inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980.
Location
Jaulian is located on a hill 100 metres above the nearby modern village of Jaulian. The cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad are approximately 35 km and 45 km to the southeast, respectively and situated near Khanpur Taxila road; a picnic place near Khanpur Dam. Jaulian is located near the Mohra Muradu monastery, and the ancient Taxilan city of Sirsukh. Moreover, Piplan Remains, Badalpur Stupa and Jinnah Wali Dheri Stupa are nearby places.
History
Jaulian was built by the Kushans in the 2nd century CE – around the same time as the nearby Mohra Muradu[3] Jaulian, along with the rest of Ancient Taxila, was devastated in the 450s CE during the invasion of the White Huns, and later abandoned. Subsequent rulers, such as the Hun King Mihirakula, persecuted the region's Buddhists,[4] and the site never recovered.
Excavations
The ruins at Jaulian are situated on a hill top, and consist of: a main central stupa, 27 peripheral smaller stupas, 59 small chapels displaying scenes from the life of Buddha, and two quadrangles around which monastic living quarters were arranged. The form and building of Jaulian is similar to that of the nearby Mohra Muradu.[3]
Main stupa
The main stupa at Jaulian was much smaller than that of Mohra Muradu or the Dharmarajika Stupa,[3] and is badly damaged. It was extensively coated in stucco plaster, as are almost all the sculptures and architectural details.[3] Despite the use of an easily moldable material, the quality of decoration at Jaulian is considered to be less impressive than that of Mohra Muradu.[3] The original plaster is preserved at some places.
The main stupa is surrounded by 21 smaller "votive stupas" that contained religious iconography – though some posit that some of the votive stupas were actually built as tombs for revered monks. The statues located in the votive stupas are mostly preserved; though a number of have been removed and are housed in museums.the original fabric of the main stupa itself which stands in the middle of the upper court
A statue of Buddha in a votive stupa with a hole in the navel was called the "Healing Buddha". Pilgrims would put their fingers in the icon's navel, and pray for cures of various ailment. A 5th century inscription preserved under the statue shows that it was given by a friar Budhamitra Dharmanandin.[5]
Monastery
The monastery at Jaulian is similar to that of nearby Mohra Muradu.[3] Jaulian monastery was a two-level building that contained 28 students' rooms on the first floor, and 28 more on the second floor. The two levels are connected by stone stairs which are still preserved. Some of the rooms contain preserved statues of the Buddha. Each room had a niche to hold lamps, and a window offering a source of fresh air and natural light. The windows were designed to be narrower at the outer edge, of and larger at the inner edge in order guard against wild animals. The rooms were plastered and decorated with plasterwork and paintings.
As was common at other large monasteries in the Gandhara region such as Takht-i-Bahi and Dharmarajika, a section of the monastery was set aside specifically for the production of Buddhist manuscripts, typically on birch bark,[3] a highly perishable material.
The monastery further contained a large pool that was used for washing, and a kitchen. A stone for grinding spices is well- preserved at the site, as well as two stone mills that were used to grind grains.
Stacks of refrigerated containers, or reefers waiting at the port of Hampton Roads. The pattern of these stacked containers makes for interesting, almost abstract image.
Shipping container that uses refrigeration to transport temperature-sensitive cargo and perishable goods such as food, beverages, pharmaceuticals, and flowers.
OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA
In the era without refrigeration, when cottages in the countryside rarely had any basement, this sort of deep cellar for storing perishable food supplies was very popular. Cold in a summer, always above freezing point in a winter. Cream, butter, cheeses and meat stayed fresh much longer than in a cottage.
Jagodne Poland
My latest machinima: vimeo.com/tizzycanucci/safeshipment.
Combines video of Non-Perishable by ꓟarina ꓟunter at Berg at Nordan Art, my own rl exhibition and archive film from the Prelinger Archive.
Mellow Yellow - La Maison Charest, Quebec City (Vieux Quebec),.
Happy Window Wednesday!
36 to 38 Rue Saint-Pierre, Quebec. Year of construction, 1757. (1)
“The first two levels are period (1757-1758), in "stone of Beauport". This stone, taken from the limestone beds of the Côte de Beaupré, was much more resistant than the "Cape Stone", made of black shale taken from the Rock of Quebec and used previously. The masonry also withstood the cannonading of the siege of Quebec City in 1759. A 32-pound cannonball hammered into a wall was even found during the restoration.
Through the history of these houses, we learn a lot about the adaptation of construction techniques in the colony. The double windows, almost nonexistent in France, have appeared. The craftsmen made better use of the species of wood according to their qualities: cedar to cover parts exposed to bad weather, cherry for galleries and stairs, spruce and pine for framing, ash for beams and frames and walnut for cabinets and doors of higher caliber. Climate requires, the gables have been reinforced steep slopes to facilitate the fall of the snow.
In summer and winter, the vaulted cellars of the Charest house were kept between 10 and 12 degrees, and allowed the storage of wines, alcohol and perishable goods such as hams, cheeses and molasses.”(2)
“Today, Maison Charest - or more specifically, the cellars of Maison Charest - is occupied by La Tanière3. Since 1977, the restaurant Tanière3 has always strived to push the boundaries of true Quebec cuisine.” (3)
Sources:
(1). www.ville.quebec.qc.ca/citoyens/patrimoine/bati/fiche.asp...
(2). www.lesoleil.com/maison/bistro-lorygine-vent-de-fraicheur...
[Original article in French. Translated from French into English via Google Translate]
(3) taniere3.com/en
The Beacon sets to capture the essence of traditional lighthouses and trigger an emotional response from the local community, thus creating a surprising experience at Woodbine Beach. The concept translates into the archetypal lighthouse conical shape, reduced to its simplest expression and conformed to the lifeguard stand proportions. With the support of selected charities and media, we seek to promote The Beacon as a temporary drop-off location for non-perishable items such as canned food or clothes. The Beacon represents an opportunity to establish a permanent network of donation hotspots in Toronto, and a great addition to an urban park environment.
Known to West Country crews as 'Thousands' with locoman seen comfortably reading Tuesday's news, celebrity railtour loco D1013 'Western Ranger' clatters away at the head of 08.35 Penzance-London Paddington service.
The focus is on holidays with passengers appearing at the platform strangely in various directions!
Much general traffic of the period is on show conveying parcels and perishables.
6th July 1976
Doug Harrop Photography • June 7, 1977
After stopping at Strawberry to allow Amtrak's San Francisco Zephyr to pass, Union Pacific's RVNPP (Roseville, California - North Platte, Nebraska Perishables) train is back on the move.
The train features mechanical refers loaded with fresh produce from California's Central Valley. UP 8050 is traversing the verdant Weber River valley between Peterson and Morgan, Utah.
一張照片的易朽性是非常重要的。如果一張照片會腐朽，我們會說：『感謝老天，我很慶幸我看到了那時刻。』
Perishability in a photograph is important in a picture. If a photograph looks perishable we say, "Gee, I'm glad I have that moment."
- John Loengard, Pictures under discussion by John Loengard , ISBN: 0817455396
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● Non-HDR-processed / Non-GND-filtered
● Black Card Technique 黑卡作品
Excerpt from facebook.com:
A couple years ago the Frosty's Village team (Melissa & Christina (shown here) along with Annie and Leah and Robert) started putting up the same Frosty inflatable, hoping to brighten up their neighbourhood. That grew into a campaign to see if the neighbours would band together and put up as many Frostys as possible. If you want to join in on the fun, Christina has a few Frostys ready to go. They’re building on last year's great success and it's become a MUST-SEE nighttime drive thru for your family in December with about 100 Frostys up so far. So many Frostys went up last weekend, and now is a great time to visit and count all the Frostys in Frosty’s village. They partnered with @burlfoodbank to collect food donations as well – the food drive will run for the month of December. When you visit Frosty’s Village consider dropping off a non-perishable food item at 1148 Lockhart Rd! It is well lit with two Frostys, some signage and a bin for your donation!
“Death is the mother of beauty. Only the perishable can be beautiful, which is why we are unmoved by artificial flowers.”
― Wallace Stevens
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Another upload from last months London Flickr Group Photowalk, this time it's an eye-catching fluorescent orange front door in Bethnal Green.
Click here for more photos from this and other London Flickr Photowalks : www.flickr.com/photos/darrellg/albums/72177720301569918
Our next photowalk still be held on the 8th June where we'll be venturing south of the river...... More details here if that sounds of interest : www.flickr.com/groups/londonflickrgroup/discuss/721577219...
From Wikipedia, "Bethnal Green is an area in London, England and is located in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It is in east London and part of the East End. The area emerged from the small settlement which developed around the Green, much of which survives today as Bethnal Green Gardens, beside Cambridge Heath Road. By the 16th century the term applied to a wider rural area, the Hamlet of Bethnal Green, which subsequently became a Parish, then a Metropolitan Borough before merging with neighbouring areas to become the north-western part of the new Tower Hamlets.
Economic focus shifted from mainstream farming produce for the City of London – through highly perishable goods production (market gardening), weaving, dock and building work and light industry – to a high proportion of commuters to city businesses, public sector/care sector roles, construction, courier businesses and home-working digital and creative industries. Identifiable slums in the maps of Booth in Life and Labour of the People in London (3 editions, 1889–1903) were in large part cleared before the aerial bombardment of the Second World War which accelerated clearance of many tightly packed terraces of small houses to be replaced with green spaces and higher-rise social housing."
© D.Godliman
The monument, which translated means "Monument to the Discoveries"
consists of a 52 metre-high slab of concrete, carved into the shape of the prow of a ship. The side that faces away from the river features a carved sword stretching the full height of the monument.
The original monument was built with perishable materials, but it was rebuilt in concrete in 1960, in time for the commemoration of the 500th anniversary of the death of Henry the Navigator.
He is the figure at the tip of the monument, looking out over the river. Behind Henry, on both sides of the monument, are statues of 33 other great people of that era, including explorers, cartographers, artists, scientists and missionaries.
Lisbon, Portugal
Plain of Jars, Site 1 near Phonsovan in Laos.
The Plain of Jars (near Phonsovan) is a megalithic archaeological landscape in Laos. Scattered in the landscape of the Xieng Khouang plateau, Xieng Khouang, Lao PDR, are thousands of megalithic jars. These stone jars appear in clusters, ranging from a single or a few to several hundred jars at lower foothills surrounding the central plain and upland valleys.
The Xieng Khouang Plateau is located at the northern end of the Annamese Cordillera, the principal mountain range of Indochina. Initial research of the Plain of Jars in the early 1930s claimed that the stone jars are associated with prehistoric burial practices. Excavation by Lao and Japanese archaeologists in the intervening years has supported this interpretation with the discovery of human remains, burial goods and ceramics around the stone jars. The Plain of Jars is dated to the Iron Age (500 BC to AD 500) and is one of the most important sites for studying Southeast Asian prehistory. The Plain of Jars has the potential to shed light on the relationship between increasingly complex societies and megalithic structures and provide insight into social organisation of Iron Age Southeast Asia’s communities.
More than 90 sites are known within the province of Xieng Khouang. Each site ranges from 1 up to 400 stone jars. The jars vary in height and diameter between 1 and 3 metres and are all without exception hewn out of rock. The shape is cylindrical with the bottom always wider than the top. The stone jars are undecorated with the exception of a single jar at Site 1. This jar has a human bas-relief carved on the exterior. Parallels between this ‘frogman’ at Site 1 and the rock painting at Huashan in Guangxi, China have been drawn. The paintings, which depict large full-frontal humans with arms raised and knees bent, are dated to 500 BC - 200 AD .
From the fact that most of the jars have lip rims, it is presumed that all stone jars supported lids, although few stone lids have been recorded; this may suggest that the bulk of lids were fashioned from perishable materials. Stone lids with animal representations have been noticed at few sites such as Ban Phakeo (Site 52). The bas-relief animals are thought to be monkeys, tigers and frogs. No in situ lid has ever been found.
Edinburgh Haymarket Station was originally the head office and terminus of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway. It was designed by the civil engineer John Miller or possibly by David Bell, who prepared some designs for him in the 1840s. The beautifully proportioned two-storeyed office block is built in stone in a Classical style with a Doric porch or portico. The building has advanced end bays and five centrally recessed bays. By 1845 the railways were booming in Scotland. This led to many changes. People became more mobile, towns were linked, perishable goods could be moved long distances, and economic growth was encouraged.
After delivering a train of perishables to Union Pacific's Riverdale Yard in Ogden, Utah, SP SD40T-2 No. 8369 drifts toward home rails the morning of June 30, 1986. The 8369 was built new for the Southern Pacific by EMD in April 1978.
Catalina Island, California
1 Peter 1:18-19
For you know that it was not with perishable things such as silver or gold that you were redeemed from the empty way of life handed down to you from your ancestors, but with the precious blood of Christ, a lamb without blemish or defect.
The Normanton Railway Terminus:
The railway complex at Normanton consists of the major buildings of an important inland railway terminus connecting this port with the goldfield at Croydon.
A railway line between Normanton and Cloncurry had been discussed as early as 1883 and was approved by Parliament in 1886. This was a difficult stretch for carriers and a rail link would have been valuable to pastoral stations in the area and would also have served the Cloncurry Copper Mine. It was at the time intended to eventually link the new line with the Great Northern Railway connecting Charters Towers and the important port of Townsville. However, in November 1885 a major gold strike was reported at Belmore Station, 145 km east of Normanton and by the end of 1886 the population of the Croydon field was 2000 and 6000 in the following year. Transportation was a major problem and access to this field became more important than the link to Cloncurry. It was decided to divert the line to Croydon. Tenders were called in July 1887 and the first section to Haydon began in May 1888. The work was designed and supervised by George Phillips and this section opened on 7 May 1889. The current route of the line was finalised in 1889 and reached Croydon on 7 July 1891, opening on the 20 July.
In 1867 Phillips had taken part in the exploration of the country around Normanton with William Landsborough, working for him a surveyor. Soon afterwards, he surveyed the area chosen as a port to become the town of Normanton. The country was difficult for conventional railway tracks due to flooding, lack of suitable timber and voracious termites. In 1884 Phillips patented a system for taking railways across such country which utilised special U section steel sleepers laid directly on the ground. During floods the line could be submerged without washing out the ballast and embankments normally used, so that it could quickly be put back into service when the waters subsided. The steel sleepers were also impervious to termite attack, and although initially more expensive than timber sleepers, were cheaper to lay and maintain. It was this system that was specified for the Normanton to Croydon line and Phillips was engaged to supervise the construction. After the railway was completed he maintained an interest in the area, serving as MLA for Carpentaria, inspecting artesian bores and writing a report on ports and railways in 1909.
The station building and carriage shade were designed under Phillips direction by James Gartside, a draftsman for the department. and were built about 1889. The line was opened in 1891. At its peak, the complex at Normanton consisted of a station building containing a telegraph office, station master's and traffic manager's offices, clerks' room, waiting room, parcels and cloak room, booking office, and a ladies' room with a ramp to ladies-only earth closets. Attached to the station building, and sheltering the platform and three tracks, was an arcaded carriage shade with a curved roof .
The terminus also had a large goods shed with a crane and because the line was isolated, a workshop area comprising a maintenance store, suspense stores, a timber shed, tanks, locomotive store, fitting shop, carpenter's and blacksmith's shops, timber shed, gantry and engine shed.. There was also a horse and carriage dock, porters' and lamp rooms, closets, and a tool house nearby. Residences for the station master, enginemen and guard were located south-east of Landsborough St. The traffic manager's house and stables adjoined where the wharf line departed for the Margaret and Jane landing on the Norman River.
The goldfield at Croydon did not sustain its initial success. By the early 1900s its output had dropped considerably and after WWI when widespread mining diminished, it was obvious that the field would not recover. Traffic on the line was never high and steadily declined, although its value as a community service and a vital link during the wet season kept the line open. This was because the Phillips system worked well and the track could be put back into use almost immediately after flooding, whereas roads stayed impassable for much longer. Fortunately, the track took less maintenance than standard track because in the early 1920s the number of services and staff were considerably reduced. In the 1930s, all weather roads made the railway less important, but until the late 1960s the rail remained a vital transport link in the area. The terminus now functions largely as a tourist attraction. One railmotor was restored and named the 'Gulflander' in 1978.
Although the line initially used steam locomotives, supplying enough suitable water for them locomotives was a problem from the beginning on this line and trains eventually carried water trucks. Railmotors were also more economical to run, so in 1922 the first railmotor, a Panhard, was tried on this route. In 1929 steam locomotives were discontinued and railmotors only were used. Diesel locomotives supplemented these in the 1980s.
Some of the working buildings at the terminus deteriorated and were removed including the workshops, carpenters and blacksmiths, though the sites can be still plainly seen.
The Normanton to Croydon Railway Line:
The railway line linking Normanton to Croydon was built between 1888 and 1891 and is the last isolated line of Queensland Rail still in use. It utilised an innovative system of submersible track with patented steel sleepers and retains buildings of considerable architectural and technical interest at its terminus in Normanton.
In 1867 William Landsborough investigated the Norman River area to select a port site to serve the pastoral stations south of the Gulf of Carpentaria. With him was George Phillips who shortly thereafter surveyed the chosen site of Normanton. Phillips later supervised the construction of the Normanton to Croydon Railway, and retained an interest in the area, serving as MLA for Carpentaria in the 1890s.
A railway line between Normanton and Cloncurry had been discussed as early as 1883 and was approved by Parliament in 1886. This was a difficult stretch for carriers and a rail link would have been valuable to pastoral stations in the area and was planned to serve the Cloncurry Copper Mine. It was at the time intended to eventually link the new line with the Great Northern Railway connecting Charters Towers and the important port of Townsville. However, in November 1885 a major gold strike was reported at Belmore Station, 145 km east of Normanton and by the end of 1886 the population of the Croydon field was 2000, rising to 6000 in the following year. Transportation was a major problem and access to this field became more important than the link to Cloncurry. It was decided to divert the line to Croydon.
The line was technically innovative, in response to the terrain and conditions. The country was flat but difficult for conventional railway tracks due to flooding, lack of suitable timber for sleepers and termite attack. In 1884 Phillips patented a system for taking railways across such country which utilised special U section steel sleepers laid directly on the ground. During floods the line could be submerged without washing out the ballast and embankments normally used, so that it could quickly be put back into service when the waters subsided. The steel sleepers were also impervious to termite attack, and although initially more expensive than timber sleepers, were cheaper to lay and maintain. The bridges along the line were also designed to be submersible. This system was particularly suited to the Gulf country and was specified for the Normanton to Croydon line with Phillips engaged to supervise the construction. Tenders were called in July 1887 and the first section to Haydon began in May 1888. The first line laid was between the Normanton station site and the Margaret and Jane landing at Normanton wharf in order to bring materials from ships to the terminal site. This line has not survived.
Some problems were encountered with constructing the line because of the difficulty of maintaining a constant and adequate supply of Phillips sleepers. They were cast at the Toowoomba Foundry at Woolloongabba in Brisbane and also in Glasgow, but in order to keep construction going, timber sleepers were used on some sections and timber was also used for some bridges, originally designed to be made of steel.
The construction method involved clearing a three metre wide band ahead of the rail which was stumped, ploughed, harrowed, rolled and lightly ballasted. The U shaped sleepers were then laid on this prepared surface and the rail attached to them by special clips. The construction train then passed over them forcing the U shape down into the ground and depressing the sleepers for above half their depth. Soft spots were then packed. The finished rails were intended to be 25 to 50 mm above the surface. However, in practice the sleepers became more deeply embedded with time. The first section of 61km to Haydon was opened in May 1889, then to Patterson's (Blackbull) in December 1890, and to Croydon in July 1891.
The buildings for the terminus at Normanton consisted of a station with a large arched carriage shade and a goods shed, all constructed of corrugated iron on timber frames, although the framework for the station building was used to considerable decorative effect. Because the line was isolated, a range of maintenance buildings and facilities such as machine shops, blacksmith and carpenters shops were added over the next few years. At the other end of the line, Croydon had more modest goods and locomotive sheds and a station with a roofed section over 2 tracks. In 1895, a railway water reserve was proclaimed on the flooded Bird-in-the-Bush shaft on True Blue Hill at Croydon.
Most of the timber sleepers on the line were soon replaced because of termite damage, although one section over salt pan used timber rather than metal to prevent corrosion. A number of low level bridges form an important part of this line and were also intended to be metal. In 1900 two bridges at Glenore Crossing which had been built in timber in 1890 were replaced by low level concrete and steel bridges. That at Glenore Crossing number 3 reused fishbelly plate girders from the original 1876 Albert Bridge in Brisbane as main spans. Original metal and concrete bridges survive and those at 80 Mile Creek and Belmore Creek at Croydon are good examples of their type.
Initially the line carried perishables, mail and passengers, and goods like building materials and merchandise. It also ferried firewood for mine boilers and batteries as the land was progressively cleared. During the late 1890s special trains were run for picnics at most of the water holes along the line, particularly the Blackbull lagoon and weekend excursions from Normanton to Croydon or Golden Gate. The Golden Gate mine, some 4 miles west of Croydon and on the railway line, was first mined in 1887. It enjoyed prosperity from about 1895 to 1901, and the Golden Gate township itself had 1500 inhabitants. A service between Croydon and Golden Gate on the weekends was introduced in 1902.
However, the goldfield at Croydon did not sustain its initial success. By the early 1900s its output had dropped considerably and after WWI when widespread mining diminished, it was obvious that the field would not recover. The railway had only run at a profit between 1898 and 1902 and traffic, never high, steadily declined. The line stayed open as a community service and as a vital link during the wet season. This was largely because the Phillips system worked well and the track could be put back into use almost immediately after flooding, whereas roads stayed impassable for much longer. Fortunately, the track took less maintenance than standard track because in the early 1920s the number of staff was considerably reduced. To cut costs, and because the supply of suitable water had always been a problem, the first railmotor, a Panhard, was introduced in 1922. By 1929 steam trains had been completely phased out. In the 1930s, all-weather roads made the railway less important, but until the late 1960s the rail remained a vital transport link in the area. The terminus now functions largely as a tourist attraction. One railmotor was restored and named the 'Gulflander' in 1978 and a railmotor now makes a weekly trip hauling carriages and a flat top wagon for passengers' cars. In the wet season it also carries freight when the roads are cut. Stops are at Clarina (11 miles), Glenore (14m), Haydon (40m), RM Stop No1 (49m), Blackbull (56m), and on to Croydon (94m). There is often also a photo stop at the remains of the Golden Gate mine (92m).
Not all of the buildings have survived; the station at Croydon being destroyed by a storm in 1969. The tank there was demolished in 1972, that at Haydon in 1980, and the blacksmiths shop and workshops in Normanton were sold and demolished in 1980.
Source: Queensland Heritage Register.
Food, Glorious Food
The pantry was used for storing dairy products and food pickled in whey. Meat, fish and other less perishable commodities were kept in well ventilated shacks. Large barrels were arranged along the sides of the pantry, while shelves held smaller vessels. The mistress of the house prepared food in the pantry and served it to the members of the household in their eating bowls, askur, or other containers. They carried them into the badstofa to eat.
1. Large ASKUR for serving up food.
2. Jug for a mixture of whey and water, a refreshing cool drink.
3. Por for roasting coffee beans, imported COFFEE GRINDER, and Icelandic stone COFFEE GRINDER.
4. COPPER POT with a flat bottom and lid, and two handies. On the handle is the date 1791 AD. It was last used for dyeing.
5. Рот for open hearth. In the handles are hooks, used for lifting the pot off the hearth. On the stone slab is a HORSEHAIR SCOURER for pots, and a SPATULA for scraping the inside of pots
6. Ротноок for hanging pots over the fire. The pot could be raised and lowered to adjust the heat.
7. BREAD MOULD with mirror writing. The inscription could be read correctly from the loaf.
8. WOODEN LADLES and SPOON. The wooden spoon was used for stirring pots.
9. TUREEN. Large turned WOODEN BOWL with lid, with carved handles on either side. From Hornstrandir, a region famed for wooden artefacts made of driftwood.
10. FISH PLATTER. Boiled fish was served on the platter, with melted suet in the centre.
11. FISH SPATULA for lifting fish from the pot. From the West Fjords about 1850.
12: SMALL MULTIPURPOSE WOODEN CANISTER.
13. CHEESE PRESS for pressing out excess whey and compressing the cheese. On the bottom are holes to allow the whey to drain off. A heavy weight was placed on the lid.
14. MILK PAN in which milk was left to separate out. When the cream had risen to the top of the milk, the skimmed milk was tapped off at the bottom.
15. WOODEN MILK PAIL. All utensils used for milk were made of wood.
16. CHURN for churning cream into butter.
17. MILK WHISK. For whipping lightly curdled milk.
18. SIEVE FOR skyr. The sieve was lined with cheesecloth, and milk curd, skyr, placed inside. Excess whey drained off the skyr. The soured whey was used for preserving food, or mixed with water to drink.
19. MILK TRUG in which milk was left to separate. When the cream had risen to the top, the trug was tipped, and the cream was held back with one hand while the skimmed milk was poured off.
20. LARGE WOODEN BARREL for storing skyr and other foods pickled in whey for the winter.
Created by Cottinelli Telmo (1897–1948) and the sculptor Leopoldo de Almeida (1898–1975), Padrão dos Descobrimentos was first erected in 1940, in a temporary form, as part of the Portuguese World Exhibition, built with perishable materials.
The monument was reconstructed in 1960 to mark 500 years since the death of the Infante Dom Henrique (Henry the Navigator). This time it was made of concrete and rose-tinted Leiria stone masonry, with the sculptures made of Sintra limestone masonry.
Ref: padraodosdescobrimentos.pt/en/monument-to-the-discoveries
Carta (Sibiu County): Cistercian monastery
The city and monastery of Carta are located 43 km from Sibiu on the road to Brasov. Here are preserved the ruins of the Cistercian monastery, one of the oldest and most important monuments of the primitive Gothic church in Transylvania. The Cistercians are a monastic order originating in France and widespread in several countries.
The Carta Cistercian Abbey played a major role in the political, economic and cultural history of medieval Transylvania, as well as in the introduction but also in the dissemination of Gothic art in the inter-Carpathian space.
The monastery was founded in the years 1205-1206 by King Andrew II of Hungary.
The beginnings of the monastery are confirmed with the erection of its first buildings, used, as the Cistercians used it, from perishable materials, that is to say wood. These can be dated with relative certainty between the years 1205-1206.
The stone parts of the monastery will be erected between the years 1220 and the end of 1230. The construction of the monastery was carried out in two main phases of execution, chronologically interrupted by the great Tatar invasion of 1241.
In the first phase of construction, which has stylistic characteristics dependent on the late Romanesque, the general plan of the monastery was drawn, the walls delimiting its inner courtyard being raised to a height of 3-4m above the ground.
In 1260, after the assassination caused by the Mongol invasion in the spring of 1241, construction work will resume under the direction of a new architect, trained in the environment of mature Gothic, and with the contribution of a workshop of stone with an eclectic structure.
By 1300, the church and the eastern wing of the Charter Monastery were completed, with the completion and construction of the southern wing of the abbey continuing for approximately two decades.
The fierce struggles with the Ottomans from 1421 to 1432 and the decline of the order made the church and its monastery a ruin. This also led to its closure by King Mathias Corvin in 1474.
However, the west facade is still standing and above the Gothic portal is a large rose window. The tower attached to the facade was built later, in the middle of the 15th century, and its transformation into a bell tower took place later.
Currently, the monastery no longer has all the original buildings and annexes, many of which collapse. The vaults of the huge church have collapsed and there are only a few exterior walls and two interior beams (south and north). To the south, there is still a single Roman column, and the side ships, according to the Cistercian plan, end in a small square choir. The main ship no longer has a ceiling - in its place is a cemetery in memory of the German soldiers killed in the First World War.
The Reformed Church today occupies only the choir and the apse of the old basilica. The Gothic portal has probably been moved from a side entrance and its profile betrays Gothic influences.
Numerous examples of the tombs of the founders of Cistercian churches allow the existence of a royal necropolis under Carta.
Nothing special here, but just wanted fill in a little gap in my Boston and Albany coverage. The passenger station only a few car lengths behind me is a much more photogenic prop so I prefer it when shooting here in town as I this shot: flic.kr/p/2n1VXDv
But I'm a sucker for all historic elements or anything to add visual interest to the scene so I needed at least one shot with the old brick freight house dating from the 1890s. Virtually every town had one of these back in the day, each with their own team track where boxcars of lcl (less than carload freight) were unloaded and stored for customers to come pick up. Of course those days are long past as the railroads retreated to doing what they are best at, hauling heavy bulk commodities, while consumer goods and perishables shifted to trucks and individual shipments became the drain of UPS, FedEx and now Amazon. Though most of these freight houses have long been rendered asunder, a few remain repurposed by new owners. I never got to see the large one that stood in Palmer into the late 1980s and none remain in any of the major cities along the route, but this one still stands in its original location witnessing the passage of a dozen trains a day, none that will ever again stop.
Here is one of those trains, CSXT train I022 (daily Syracuse to Worcester premium intermodal), hustling east past the stalwart structure at about MP 73.5 on what is now modern day CSXT's Boston Sub.
Warren, Massachusetts
Friday March 25, 2022
Often trade entrances into cities in Historica are modest affairs... not so however in Sultan's Gate! The cities strategic location has seen flourishing trade, which has made some merchants very rich indeed. This allowed the powerful merchant's guild to commission the lift many years before, completed in the grand style to advertise the wealth and power of the city. Goods that are perishable or particularly valuable are often sent by lift to avoid the treacherous climb up the escarpment. The lift is very safe with only a few losses, mainly from overbearing merchants ordering it's use on high wind days. (A local legend has it that a giant roc once bit through the lift chain and made off with the entire box, but this has never been substantiated.) A ride in the lift to the ground and back again is a rite of passage for many of the young thrillseekers in the city, who often try to stow away or bribe the guards for the experience.
Finally got around to taking and editing some pics of my Brickvention model for this year - which was originally going to be my entry into the Sultan's Gate community build on GoH (last year!), but then life happened and suddenly it was 6 months later. :P The lift actually is remote controlled using PF, which was fun to build and operate. Sorry the pics aren't that good but this was quite a challenge to photograph - significant height and length taxed my home set-up, and the large area of white didn't make things easy either.
CSX MP15AC 1138 shoves a single 50' standard height ARMN reefer down the rickety spur to Garden Wholesale Inc. back in 2014. At the time this customer was receiving a car of onions and other vegetables once a week to every two weeks, something that had been done for decades, and there were talks of reactivating the spur to the left leading to Sysco Foods who had just moved in. Design Container was another active customer on the branch who received a boxcar of paper at a similar rate as the Garden. Unfortunately, Sysco never started receiving shipments here and Garden Wholesale was forced to stop receiving rail shipments after CSX's service continued to deteriorate more and more with increased focus on "precision scheduled railroading". In this case, precision scheduled railroading meant leaving a carload of perishables sit in the yard that's less than a mile down the road for a week and a half before making the delivery - the same time it takes for it to make it all the way from Idaho to Jacksonville. Design Container threw in the towel soon after with similar service issues. Now the industrial lead sits disused and engulfed by weeds for going on six years now, with at least two if not three prospective customers who would likely still like to ship by rail but simply cannot tolerate the incomprehensibly bad service offered by the railroad company headquartered in this very city, CSX. Jacksonville, FL
All that is beautiful comes from the Beauty of God; says a hadith.
Moslems readily affirm the link between beauty and love and show little inclination to dissociate these two elements which for them are but the two faces of one and the same reality; whoever says beauty, says love, and conversely, whereas for Christians mystical love is almost exclusively associated with sacrifice, except in chivalric esoterism and its prolongations.
The hadith just quoted really contains the whole doctrine of the earthly concomitances of the love of God, in conjunction with the following hadith: 'God is beautiful, and He loves beauty'; this is the doctrine of the metaphysical transparency of phenomena. This notion of beauty or harmony, with all the subtle rhythms and symmetries which it implies, has in Islam the widest possible significance: 'to God belong the most beautiful Names; says the Quran more than once, and the virtues are called 'beautiful things'. 'Women and perfumes': spiritually speaking these are forms and qualities, that is to say, they are truths that are both dilating and fruitful, and they are also the virtues which these truths exhale and which correspond to them within us.
'Everything on earth is accursed except the remembrance of God; said the Prophet, a saying which must be interpreted not only from the standpoint of abstraction but also from that of analogy; that is to say, the remembrance of God is not only an inwardness free from images and flavours, but also a perception of the Divine in the symbols (ayat) of the world. To put it another way: things are accursed (or perishable) in so far as they are purely outward and externalizing, but not in so far as they actualize the remembrance of God and manifest the archetypes contained in the Inward and Divine Reality.
And everything in the world that surrounds us which gives rise to a concomitance of our love of God or of our choice of the 'inward dimension; is at the same time a concomitance of the love which God shows towards us, or a message of hope from the 'Kingdom of Heaven which is within you.'
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Frithjof Schuon
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Quoted in: The Essential Frithjof Schuon (edited by Seyyed Hossein Nasr)
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Image: Kano Eitoku - Cypress Trees
The River Tamar forms the boundary between Cornwall and Devon. Rising only 4 miles from Bude and the Atlantic Ocean, the it flows south, slowly at first, for nearly 50 miles to the English Channel. In its middle reaches, the River Tamar winds its way through steep wooded country. This is also an area strewn with the relics of two centuries of mining.
Alongside mining, the Tamar Valley was famed for its cherry and apple orchards. Today it is hard to comprehend that this landscape, mostly shrouded in scrub and woodland on the steep valley sides, supported an industry of eight to ten thousand people at the height of the season in the 1950s, more than the entire population today.
The market gardens were known as “gardens” and were nearly all family-run, generally of only three to four acres and on sheltered south-facing slopes. The tidal river helped reduce frost and the steep valleys sheltered the holdings from the south west wind. For almost a hundred years the valley was the "earliest" strawberry growing area in the country.
It was the arrival of the Great Western Railway, which reached Plymouth in 1849, bridging the Tamar to Saltash in 1859, coupled with the growing pool of unemployed mining labour that made this horticultural revolution possible. The key to the industry's success was the speed with which the railway delivered perishable fruit to distant markets - particularly Covent Garden in London - within twenty-four hours of being picked.
Until mechanisation in the 1950s the gardens were largely worked by hand. “We didn't get backache on the hills because you weren't bending over all the time like you would on flat ground.” Special tools were made to work the slopes such as the 'Tamar Valley dibber'.
In the 1900s as disease became rampant amongst the fruit plantations the growers started to cultivate daffodils on a vast scale. The indigenous Tamar Double White became the valley's most famous flower: “I never met anyone who didn't like Double Whites - they were head and shoulders above other narcissus. The boxes were always lined with blue paper, it really set them off”. Many of the old varieties still flower in hedges and in odd corners where cultivation has long been abandoned.
In 1966, the cuts imposed by Beeching's reorganisation of the national rail system had a severe impact and many of the local stations were left unmanned. This marked the beginning of the end of the industry. Increased freight charges quickly followed and soon freight services completely ceased. Once fruit could no longer be delivered to the markets within twenty-four hours it ceased to be sent. Many growers turned to selling by direct purchase ('Pick Your Own') as well as to the local markets.
It has already been mentioned that God first loves us before we have the possibility of loving Him. This ontological priority must be always remembered. God could have created beings who could not but glorify Him, and He did so in creating the angels. But in the case of human beings, He created persons endowed with free will, beings worthy of loving Him consciously but also capable of not loving Him. There is no such thing as love through coercion. Divine Love is a reality that permeates creation by virtue of the very act of creation by the Divinity who is also Mercy, Compassion, and Love. But from the human side, it is possible not to love God as it is possible to reject His very existence.
Life in this world is not only a test of our faith, as the Quran asserts, but also of our love for God and the possibility of reciprocating on our own limited level His love for us. As the sacred saying quoted at the beginning of this chapter asserts, it is the right of men and women that God be a lover for them. On the basis of this reality, God asks us to be a lover for Him in the fullness of our free will.
The great impediment to responding positively to this divine invitation is that there are so many other things that can become objects of our love, starting with our own ego. God is aware of this situation, hence the revelation of religions and the spiritual power contained within them, which can disentangle the love of the soul for the transient and the perishable and turn it toward God. When the Sufis speak of love, they are thinking of its liberating and not confining aspect. To love God fully is to possess complete freedom from every other bond, and since God is absolute and infinite, it is to experience absolute and infinite freedom.
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The Garden of Truth by Seyyed Hossein Nasr
'Not one of Flora’s brilliant race
A form more perfect can display;
Art could not feign more simple grace
Nor Nature take a line away.'
Montgomery—On Planting a Tulip-Root.
“Souvenirs are perishable; fortunately, memories are not.”
(Susan Spano)
Souvenirs (memories) I store in an old letter case.
It's a special day for us - our son (6) left for his first school trip this morning. Hope he'll return with tons of great memories!
Have a great start into the week!
IMO: 9194476
MMSI: 538005038
Call Sign: V7AO7
Flag: Marshall Is [MH]
AIS Vessel Type: Cargo
Gross Tonnage: 9649
Deadweight: 11791 t
Length Overall x Breadth Extreme: 144.52m × 21.8m
Year Built: 1999
Status: Active.
A reefer ship is a refrigerated cargo ship, typically used to transport perishable commodities which require temperature-controlled transportation, such as fruit, meat, fish, vegetables, dairy products and other foods.
OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA
In the era without refrigeration, when cottages in the countryside rarely had any basement, this sort of deep cellar for storing perishable food supplies was very popular. Cold in a summer, always above freezing point in a winter. Cream, butter, cheeses and meat stayed fresh much longer than in a cottage.
Jagodne Poland
There was a magic light on that fateful morning, "the morning that was about to not happen at all". That sunrise seemed to last far longer than usual... It sometimes happens, and, while the origin of such a phenomenon remains mysterious, it is most certainly a blissful gift.
It was ebb tide, and there were some wide, perfectly still tidal pools that were reflecting perfectly that wondrous light and sky, producing a stunning effect. There was something woven into that interplay between the sky and the waters. There was meaning. For some precious, apparently endless minutes, I felt one with the cosmos.
Newton's law of universal gravitation was one of the most stunning breakthroughs in the history of mankind. It revealed the origin of Kepler's laws of planetary motion. It allowed astronomers to predict the passage of comets, most famously Halley's. It allowed astronomers to predict the existence of previously unknown planets in our cosmic neighborhood. Yet its single most important contribution to our worldview was the realisation that the whole universe is governed by the same laws. It was a dramatic paradigm shift: we were no longer confined within a special region of the universe, made of imperfect, perishable matter, governed by ad hoc laws in opposition with the perfect, eternal harmony of the spheres—a terrestrial world made of pain, corruption, decay, and death due to our sinful nature. Newton's law eradicated this deeply rooted worldview and showed that everything everywhere obeyed the very same fundamental laws. That we are made of the very same stuff as the whole universe. That the pains of life and the unavoidable decay and death of everything on Earth were not divine punishments but the regular course of Nature. Starting from that point, we found out that even the stars die. Even our universe will die, eventually. Maybe, in some way. This does not wipe our struggling and suffering away, of course, but can help us to see our (small, oh, how small...) place in the whole and, maybe, to find meaning in a meaningless universe. Well, all these thoughts, that have taken so much time to be laid down in words and to be read by you right now, were crowding my mind all at once as I was capturing this exposure bracketing, in the funny way thoughts can overlap and mingle into each other, coexisting all at once. I have shared the result of my photographic endeavour and the thoughts that make it meaningful to me, so I should have accomplished my mission. I hope that you like my work, and I wish you a good life, feeling one with the universe.
Explored on 2024/06/22 nr. 59.
Laura and I were on one of those little, precious vacations of ours. We were at the seaside, at Milano Marittima (i.e., Milan-on-the-seaside, but the name of the place should not fool you: it is more than 300 km from Milan). We had a wonderful, intimate time - and I went chasing sunrises, earning three sunrise sessions in four days. I am normally careful not to photograph too much and too seriously on such occasions, even when the place is luring me, since my main focus is on us being together. Yet I am somehow lucky to have a thing for sunrises, since this allows me to dedicate some time to photography that does not weigh on our precious together-time - indeed, when I am back, she is usually still asleep. So here I am with a shot from my first session, and the best one (we'll see if I can squeeze something worth your attention from the other two).
I have obtained this picture by blending an exposure bracketing [-2.0/-1.0/0/+1.0/+2.0 EV] by luminosity masks in the Gimp (EXIF data, as usual, refers to the "normal exposure" shot).
As usual, I gave the finishing touches with Nik Color Efex Pro 4 and played a bit with dodging and burning.
Raw files were processed with Darktable.
Bhagwat Gita : Shloka of the day -July 29, 2016
Bg 2.18
TEXT 18
TEXT
antavantaimedehä
nityasyoktäùçarériëaù
anäçino ‘prameyasya
tasmädyudhyasvabhärata
Audio
SYNONYMS
anta—vantaù—perishable; ime—all these; dehäù—material bodies; nityasya—eternal in existence; uktäù—are said; çarériëaù—of the...
iskcondwarka.org/shloka/bhagwat-gita-shloka-of-the-day-ju...