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This site later became the Cambrian Colliery - next photo.
Sinking of No.1 shaft commenced 1872 by Thomas & Riches & No.2 shaft in 1874.
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The original level of 1840's driven into the Six Feet seam - intake airway and pumping outlet for the later River Level Colliery (some 700 yds. east of this adit.)
The tramway adjacent to the level is the Aberdare & Hirwaun Tramroad.
Cwm Du Isaph was later Ysgubor-wen Farm.
Shepton Mallet 1885 - Reproduced with the permission of the National Library of Scotland (www.nls.uk).
Opened 1855 by Carr Morrison & Co. Ltd.
In 1872 the Tyla Coch Steam Coal Co. relinquished this mine which was auctioned at The Royal Hotel to a Mr. Thomas Jones, a former proprietor, for £50,000
Treorchy is an established village at this time.
18th. July 1882 - the winding rope broke sending the cages crashing to pit-bottom and causing considerable damage although no one was injured. The men were brought to the surface from the upcast shaft..
In 1883 there were two seams being worked - the Six Feet (Abergorky) & Jones's seam employing some 300 men & boys + 10 horses.
On 2nd. January 1884 the owners, Messrs. Thomas & Evans, together with the ex-manager, Mr. Reynolds, were each fined £40 for failing to maintain an adequate air supply and for failing to withdraw the men when their lives were at risk. This was the highest fine on record for Rhondda at the time.
16th. March 1885 - all plant and machinery sold off to pay outstanding Poor Rates - the 300 men & boys were owed a total of £700 wages - proprietors Thomas John Evans; John Evans and John Vaughan.
15th. June 1885 - mine reopened under a new owner, the Pheonix Steam Coal Co. with Richard Cory being one of the major shareholders and was thereafter often called the Pheonix mine.
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Map by Thomas Brothers Maps, published for Union 76 gas stations. Some previous owner has hand-written school names onto the map.
Map by the Rodney Stokes Company, published for a bank. Pacific Beach, first developed in the 1880s, is part of the city of San Diego, several miles north-northwest of downtown. The La Jolla community is just north of Pacific Beach.
Map by Dolph Map Co. Published for a magazine distributor, with maps of Newark, Wilmington and a full state road map all also included.
Dover is the first state capitol, one of the smallest, and one of the only ones (along with Pierre, Carson City, and Juneau) to not be located on an interstate highway.
Original mixed media collage art
6"x18"x2", paper (new and vintage, topograghical cross section), metal (copper 'wings')
A piece that will be part of a new show opening in January
Ordnance Survey map - note that the road crosses the River Taff as a Ford at that time.
Also to be seen is the Merthyr (Penydarren) Tramway on the West side of the river with it's Toll House (at junction of road & tramway) - this dwelling remains to this day.
This tramway holds it's place in history for having been the means for Richard Trevithick to demonstrate the first travelling steam engine in the world by hauling a load of 10 tons+70 (unofficial) passengers a distance of over nine miles in early 1804.
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Three lower levels arrowed.
The listings for 1910 give the manager as Samuel Price and U/mngr. as Griffith James with 28 No. U/gnd. & 14 No. on surface working the No.2 Rhondda seam.
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Commonly known as Cwm Parc this was the first of the Ocean Steam Coal Co. pits to work the steam coals.
Opened 1865/66 by D. Davies & Co. Ltd. Closed 1966.
This pit was ventilated by furnace in 1875 and was similarly ventilated in 1891.
A new shaft 16' dia. was sunk half a mile west of these shafts in 1890 to improve ventilation and in 1893 a 15' dia. Schiele fan was installed at the new shaft.
A report of July 1891 stated :-
" the downcast is oval 18' x 10' and the upcast 13' dia. lined with bricks throughout and both 250 yds. to the Six Feet seam. Three Lancashire boilers on the surface, 30ft. x 7ft., and three Cornish boilers underground each 25' x 6' which supply steam to two hauling engines. The surplus debris from the mine which is not required for filling the waste is hoisted up the hillside by an engine and tipped-over.
The timber headgear and shaft frame have recently been renewed in a similar material - twenty years is the utmost that can be allowed for the life of this material."
Another report of 1898 gives conflicting sizes for the two original shafts stating :- "the downcast winding shaft is oval 17' x 12' and the upcast shaft, 40 yds. north of the former, is oval 16' x 11'"
This report also states that the winding drum was 14' dia. to take flat ropes winding from the Six Feet seam 1,400 tons per day.
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Map by L. B. Prince. Alexandria, like over 100 other cities in Virginia, is an 'independent city' - politically (or in any other fashion) they are not a part of the county or counties that surround them. Towns in Virginia are a part of the county they are included in, but when a municipality incorporates into a "city" instead of a "town," it is severed from the county it had once belonged to, and becomes a completely separate entity; considered to be both a "city" and a "county-equivalent" by the US Census Department.
Virginia has a large number of extinct counties - Norfolk, Princess Anne, Nansemond, Warwick are a few - that ceased to exist when towns within those counties consolidated governments (in a total merger) with the counties they were a part of, and then reorganized into "cities." At that point - the effective date of consolidation, the town became an independent city (sometimes expanding the geographical city limits area by 90% in the process), and the county officially ceased to exist.
Map by MAPCO. Fort Williams and Port Arthur merged in 1970 to become the city of Thunder Bay. Published for a local magazine distributor.
Map by Gallup Maps and Stationary. Older-style cartography. Map is glued to the inside rear cover of a 100+-page street guide, which also includes an extensive amount of local history and a long list of tourist-and-business-oriented points of interest.
Map by Thomas Brothers Maps. Published for a bank. For a time during the 1920s through the early 1940s, Long Beach was California's 4th largest city, behind Los Angeles, San Francisco and San Diego.
Glan-y-Llyn, Taffs Well. The Inn at bottom is the present day Taffs Well Inn.
To Google location maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?msid=216939016550708624690.0000...
Map by Ashburn Maps. Published for a bank. St Louis is one of the many Mississippi Valley cities and places with French names, as relics of the Louisiana Purchase: the Grand Tetons, La Crosse, Eau Claire, St Louis, Lafayette, Baton Rouge, New Orleans, Cape Girardeau...
Adit arrowed. As can be seen, these workings were interrelated with those of Bryn Colliery but were known to have continued being worked after closure of Bryn.
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Map by AAA. Arlington is technically not a city, though the entire county, which is urbanized, is considered as such - it has never been formally incorporated as a municipality.
Highlight No.1 Llangattock Wharf coal yard on the Brecon canal.
Highlight No. 2 & 3 Incline plane and tramroad from Sirhowy supplying coal for limeburning at the wharf.
Site of Llanfabon colliery highlighted and the route of the disused Llanfabon Tramroad - c1810 - 1850's - annotated by me at bottom of photo.
Also shows the cottages of Tai Machine - lower left - where a weighing machine was located when the tramway was in use.
The railway is the Llancaiach branch of the TVR of 1841.
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The Old Dock, originally known as Thomas Steer's dock, was the world's first commercial wet dock. Its location is roughly underneath John Lewis and the Bus Station now.
The dock was built on the River Mersey in Liverpool, England, starting in 1709 and completed in 1715. A natural tidal pool off the river Mersey was partially filled and locked in from the river with quay walls erected. The "Pool" gives its name to Liverpool. Thomas Steers was the engineer responsible; additional advice was obtained from George Sorocold.
The Old Dock opened on 31 August 1715 and accommodated up to 100 ships. Originally a tidal basin was accessed directly from the river and from 1737 access was via Canning Dock. The dock was built with one graving dock; a second and third graving dock where added in 1746 and the 1750s.
The dock walls were constructed from brick laid directly on to sandstone bedrock. The dock gates would have allowed as much as 10% of the water out between high tides, resulting in a water level drop of several feet. This may have been offset by water entering the dock from a stream.
Although Liverpool vessels were involved in the slave trade before the dock opened, it would have served ships involved in the Africa-America trade, propelling Liverpool to world leader of this trade. The dock led to Liverpool's establishment as the leading European port and subsequent world trading port.
In the early 19th century, the dock was considered too small for the growing size of shipping using the port; the quays were too narrow; the city's sewage polluted the dock's water; and the narrow wooden drawbridge across its entrance channel caused traffic jams. Sentiment saved the Old Dock for 20 years, but the Old Dock closed on 31 August 1826 and was filled in. Liverpool’s fourth Custom House, designed by John Foster, was built on the site between 1828 and 1837, and was demolished after severe bomb damage during World War II.
Salthouse Dock shown on the map was designed by Thomas Steers and it was completed after his death by Henry Berry, opening in 1753.It is still present today.
As is indicative of its name, the dock was an important transit terminal for the salt industry. Liverpool was a base for the refining of rock salt from Cheshire and its onward transportation. The opening of the Albert Dock in 1846 allowed vessels to be unloaded there, before moving on to the Salthouse Dock for loading.
The 'Intended Wet Dock' is Kings Dock, and that was opened in 1785 so the original map probably dates to the 1780s