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iStudents' SEZ :The Artifice Exposed.
nternational.
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Mukesh Ambani, the head of Reliance Industries, now owns land amounting to 60,000 acres, while land ceil-.
ing act allows an individual a maximum of 25 acres. Welcome to the era of `Corporate Feudalism'. After all,.
it happens only in India!.
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According to the union government's handout, "the SEZ is a specifically delineated duty free enclave and shall.
be deemed to be foreign territory for the purpose of trade operations , duties and tariffs" The Govt. is providing.
the corporate sector `a Free Lunch' in the form of lucrative incentives like Tax Holidays for 10 to 15 years,.
Exemption from service tax, Duty Free import/ domestic procurement of goods, General Transmission and.
Distribution of Power and Authorization to provide and maintain services like Water, Electricity and Recreation.
Centers along Commercial Lines. Also 100 % FDI is allowed in most fields of manufacturing barring of few..
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As of today, the govt. has formally approved 237 SEZs while another 164 have been given approval in principle..
That means, in India a total of 1,38,083 hectares of land is being acquired for around 400 SEZs. The route chosen.
by the govt. to acquire this land is, The Land Acquisition Act of 1894 which was used by the `Colonial Rulers'.
to acquire land in India for `Public Purpose, ironically the present regime by carrying forward the `Colonial.
Legacy' is continuing the trend of `Public Purpose' being detrimental to public itself. In our country, when it.
is illegal for a farmer to sell his own land to someone who wants to build a factory (non-agricultural purpose).
then how can the govt. snatch it away from him and hand it over to the predatory capital?.
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Mortgaging food security.
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The often quoted argument for SEZ had been the need for industrialization. It, fundamentally, raises certain.
questions - At the cost of what? Unfortunately, in our case, it is Agricultural, the occupation of 60% of the.
population. Lakhs of acres of `Cultivable Land' (single crop, double crop and even multi crop) is being doled.
out to the corporate feudal lords, when the country is facing acute shortage of food grains - of about 110 mil-.
lion tonnes. We boast of 214 million people chronically food insecure, maximum undernourished children in.
the world, 26% people below poverty line and every 5th person suffering from overt or covert hunger, which.
is shameful in the modern world. Even a `Green Revolution' increases production, only by about 100 million.
tonnes in a span of 25 years. And we have offered our food granaries like Punjab, Haryana, UP and West Bengal.
to SEZs. Add to that, the governmental apathy towards spending on agriculture (only 1.7% of GDP), stagnant.
agricultural growth, disappearing subsidies, farmer suicides, vagaries of nature and redundant land reforms,.
and we have, a perfect recipe for disaster, obfuscating the thin line between acute food shortage and famine..
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The myth of industrialization.
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Which industries are SEZs bringing in? 143 out of 237 SEZs are IT sector firms (which is anyway doing well.
without SEZs). Many others are real estate builders and only a few are real industrial players. As per the SEZ.
act 2005, only 35% of the SEZ area has to be utilized for `Manufacturing', which most of us would imagine as.
`Industrial Work'. But the definition of `Manufactures' in the act is such a devil, that even `Parks' and `Flower.
Gardens' would qualify as manufacturing area. Other 65% of the area could be used for non-manufacturing.
purposes- read, `Real Estate Heaven'. Even if there is industrialization through SEZs, the is the possibility that.
industrial units working inside SEZs, apart from exporting, would also sell their products within the country,.
and their prices, owing to such large subsidies and tax holidays, would be very competitive. And that leads the.
domestic industries with two options- Either to go into SEZs or to perish. If they choose the former, the country.
loses revenue, and if they die, it will lead to de-industrialization and a huge loss of employment..
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Compensation or deprivation.
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Another argument for SEZs is `Generation of Employment'. IT sector needs only highly skilled workforce,.
whose benefits would not spillover to the marginalized section, which shall face displacement. And today, even.
the industries are increasingly becoming less labour intensive. But the displacement that SEZs would cause far.
exceeds the employment they would generate. The Compensation and Rehabilitation Package is nothing but `one.
..
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tant peasant-rural poor unity forged through years of Draft Resolution on.
anti-feudal struggle today finds itself pitted against the Intervention in.
machinations of this feudal-kulak-bureaucratic nexus,.
and vulnerable to the competition and division trig- Panchayati raj Institutions.
gered by the ruling class politics of doles. The growing.
corporate-imperialist invasion of agriculture and the 1. The panchayati raj institutions acquired consti-.
rural economy has also brought about major changes tutional status through the 73rd Amendment, 1993 and.
in the rural scene with a mushrooming network of NGOs the subsequent Panchayat Extension to Scheduled Ar-.
and an army of agents and middlemen making money eas Act, 1996. In official discourse, the panchayats are.
from land and various other resources. Faced with such celebrated as a model of democratic decentralisation.
challenges, the revolutionary peasant movement must or decentralisation of power. The `power' in the case.
renew and rejuvenate itself. Any prolonged spell of of panchayats does not however refer to any kind of.
stagnation can make the movement particularly vulner- policy-making or plan-formulating function; it essentially.
able to the perils of economism and the rise of vested denotes only power to implement schemes and policies.
interests. It is important to maintain the flow of struggles that are decided by the central and state governments..
and not get confined to any single issue, even if it is the Within this limited framework, the panchayats deal with.
basic issue of land. The gains of a struggle can be pre- 29 subjects covering a broad spectrum of basic ser-.
served, consolidated and expanded only by upholding vices. Decentralisation of power or democracy should.
the live and dynamic political perspective of building the therefore be understood only in the sense of delegation.
counter-hegemony of the people against feudal-kulak of responsibilities and devolution of funds..
domination and corporate-imperialist invasion..
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2. The Gram Sabhas under PESA are of course.
supposed to enjoy considerably greater power including.
the right to be consulted in matters of land acquisition.
and rehabilitation and resettlement and mandatory.
power of recommendation before any mining licence.
is granted within its jurisdiction. But the Gram Sabhas.
whether under PESA or under PRIs governed by the.
73rd Amendment remain the most neglected and.
violated aspect of the panchayati raj in practice. The.
ongoing massive mining loot in tribal-inhabited mineral-.
rich areas and the countrywide corporate land-grab.
campaign tell the true story of the mockery of the pow-.
ers of Gram Sabhas and panchayati raj institutions..
More powers to panchayats must first of all mean more.
powers to and respect for Gram Sabhas and the latter.
must have a direct say in the implementation of every.
scheme concerning the rural poor..
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3. While the claim of panchayats providing a plat-.
form of direct or participatory democracy at the grass-.
roots is utterly untrue, there has clearly been a huge.
expansion in terms of elected representation. With 50%.
reservation of seats for women, apart from reservation.
for SC/ST and OBCs, the ambit of representation has.
also clearly expanded. The panchayats have thus defi-.
nitely facilitated the entry of large numbers of ordinary.
working people, especially women, in public life and.
ignited democratic aspirations among the people..
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4. But the mobilisation and assertion of the people.
within the panchayats cannot happen spontaneously -.
it has to be organised consciously and herein lies the.
great role of class struggle and of the Communist Party..
The ruling classes on the other hand try to obfuscate.
and obstruct this process in the name of partyless.
panchayats and by extending their own class network.
through a corrupt nexus of officials, panchayat func-.
tionaries and middlemen, contractors and dealers. The.
panchayats have been a key instrument in the hands.
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25.
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