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Entry in category 4. ©Bianca Ambrogina Silva; See also bit.ly/snsf_comp_copy
We used a novel transgenic mouse (TRAP line, Guenthner et al. 2013) that allows for the specific tagging of the neurons activated at a precise time. We made this mouse re-experience a specific memory and captured the neurons active at this very moment by making them express a fluorescent protein (tdTomato), so that we could image them later. We then made the brain fully transparent (CLARITY, Lee et al. 2016) and imaged its hippocampus by light sheet microscopy (Zeiss). Volume imaged: 2X2X2 mm. 3D processing and pseudo-coloring was done with Imaris.
The imaging of structures located deep inside the brain normally requires cutting it into very thin slices. However, with a revolutionary technique called CLARITY combined with light sheet microscopy, we can now make an intact brain fully transparent and image the whole tissue preserving its morphology. I used this trick to detect memory neurons throughout an area called dentate girus inside the mouse hippocampus. This part of the brain is the one creating new memories and storing them. With this revolutionary technique, we are now analyzing how neurons storing a specific memory connect to each other and how these connections change when memories are strengthened or attenuated. This will help us understand the neural mechanism of pathological forms of memory such as post-traumatic stress disorder, where traumatic memories are too strong, or Alzheimer’s disease, where memory is lost. ¦ Image#4_59
This group exhibition, including work by Catherine Richards, Michael Snow, Scott Rogers, Thomson & Craighead and Simon Pope, draws on ideas of scientific experimentation, media processing, and time delay. Each work acts to slow down our senses of perception, causing within us an awareness of both time passing and our experience of it. The title refers to that fact that we often watch other people interact with responsive art, and mirror their behaviour, consciously or not.
Catherine Richards’ I was scared to death / I could have died of joy features glass replicas of the brain, which react to your presence with pulses of electromagnetic light. Scott Rogers’ Between Nonesuch Place juxtaposes an actual non-functioning glass object, a ‘self-flowing flask’ with its virtual working counterpart. Thomson & Craighead’s Flipped Clock is a modified digital clock display, where each individual digit is rotated by 180-degrees. Simon Pope’s Recall From Memory the Space of Another Gallery is an invitation for the visitor to recall experiences of being in other gallery spaces from memory. The seminal filmmaker Michael Snow’s WVLNT: Wavelength for those who don't have the time. Originally 45 minutes, Now 15! remixes his own seminal work Wavelength.
Credit
Curated by Sarah Cook. Supported by CRUMB and The University of Sunderland.
Entry in category 1. Object of study; © CC-BY-NC-ND: Vittoria Mariano
The picture represents a magnifications of the small brain of the fruit flies, where we can observe a specific group of neurons called dopaminergic neurons. Dopaminergic neurons in the brain regulates several vital behaviors of the fruit fly, from learning and memory, courtship, aggression, locomotion and sleep-wakefullness. It’s amazing how they innervate like a net different areas of the brain responsible of the regulation of the different behaviors.
Confocal whole mounted brain of adult male fly (Drosophila melanogaster) expressing GFP (green fluorescent protein) in dopaminergic neurons (TH+).
¡Imagina! La mejor experiencia multimedia, audio y video sin cables vÃa Intel® WiDi.
Además consigue ya tu Lanix Neuron R 1104-LFA07 en bit.ly/t8piFv o tu Lanix Neuron R 1104-LFA06 en bit.ly/urij09
Students in Meg Hodgin's AP Psychology class were recently divided into self-selected groups, based off of preferred learning styles, and tasked with creating a lesson plan on how a neuron fires using their selected learning approaches. The groups used musical, naturalistic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, kinesthetic and existential teaching approaches for their presentations. Video by Glenn Minshall.
Last edited on Feb. 9, 2022
Original image: data.darts.isas.jaxa.jp/pub/curation/hayabusa2/A9003/micr...
Red arrows point to remains of neurons collected from asteroid Ryugu.
Above figure in the largest size: www.flickr.com/photos/fossil_lin/51865353386/sizes/o/
For more neuron remains in this figure, see the next photo: www.flickr.com/photos/fossil_lin/51867349969/in/dateposte...
Explanations: 1. neurons: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuron
2. alien neuron remains: www.flickr.com/photos/fossil_lin/albums/72157717676764037
3. micrographs of samples collected from asteroid Ryugu: darts.isas.jaxa.jp/curation/hayabusa2/ (click on the microscope button on the left side there.)
4. Artifacts and fossils of asteroid Ryugu: www.flickr.com/photos/fossil_lin/albums/72157718191849106
My website: wretchfossil.blogspot.com/
Les cellules de Purkinje constituent une catégorie spécifique de neurones situés dans le cervelet, dans la couche moyenne duquel elles se répartissent en un alignement très caractéristique de leurs corps (ou somas). La façon dont leurs dendrites (ramifications par lesquelles elles reçoivent l'information provenant des autres neurones) s'arborisent autour de leur corps jusque dans la couche la plus externe du cervelet, est également assez caractéristique et les rend facilement reconnaissables. A l'opposé de cet "arbre dendritique", leur axone (longue ramification unique se terminant par une synapse grâce à laquelle elles transmettent l'information à d'autres neurones) se prolonge en traversant la couche granulaire (couche la plus interne) du cervelet et rejoignent les noyaux cérébelleux profonds où leur synapse se connecte aux neurones de la moelle épinière, du bulbe et du cortex.
Ici, on peut visualiser des cellules de Purkinje marquées par un fluorophore.
© Emmanuel Valjent/Inserm.licence CC-BY-NC 4.0 international
A locust is attached to an amplifier to allow the electrical signal from its neurons to be recorded.
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Looking up under a leafless cypress tree, the many branches reminded me of those cool images you see of neurons. And, as luck would have it, I would be practicing the efficiency and effectiveness of mine this first official day of Spring Break in an online faculty institute. Not only did the synapse connections work pretty well, but the professional connections were awesome. All followed by laughter and stories with former/current colleagues....not a bad way to start a break! :) Beck Blvd and Tollgate Blvd, Naples, FL
Started drawing again. This one using a combination of the free "Paper by 53" and the not-free "Brushes" iPad apps.
Neuroni in un cervello di lucertola da un microscopio dell'esposizione di Experimenta durante l'ESOF 2010 a Torino (agh, ho finito!).
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Olympus OM 10 - ob. Zuiko 50 mm f/1.8 - Fuji Superia 200 + Microscopio in esposizione non meglio definito
#deepdream code informatique de l'intelligence artificielle de Google spécifique "Fractal DDC " développé et dédié pour un nouvel art à La Demeure du Chaos - The Abode of Chaos ou comment les machines perçoivent La Demeure du Chaos - The Abode of Chaos
et si leurs regards étaient ce qui se cache derrière la matrice que nous percevons en tant qu'humains? ces multiples miroirs sont peut-être un autre monde plus réel ou plus éthéré... NB thierry bonne lecture de ce post et ses images dantesques.
Depuis quelques temps vous avez peut-être vu circuler sur les réseaux sociaux des images étranges, affublées d'un hashtag (mot-clé) #deepdream.
Deep Dream est un programme d'intelligence artificielle mis au point par les ingénieurs de Google. Ces derniers travaillent à la reconnaissance d'images pour, entre autres, améliorer la pertinence des recherches dans Google. Le 17 juin dernier ils ont publié un billet intitulé : "Inceptionnisme : plus loin dans les réseaux neuronaux".
Dans ce post ils expliquent comment ils ont réussi, dans leurs recherches, à faire analyser une image mais surtout générer des formes par l'ordinateur. Pour que l'intelligence artificielle puisse mieux reconnaître ce qui compose une image, les ingénieurs ont commencé par lui montrer des millions de photos.
Plusieurs couches de neurones
L'intelligence artificielle fonctionne ici en un ensemble de réseaux de neurones qu'il faut se figurer comme différentes couches. La première est chargée de regarder les bords et les angles d'une image.
Les couches intermédiaires cherchent quant à elles les formes et les différents éléments présents dans l'image comme une feuille ou une porte. Les derniers réseaux assemblent toutes ces informations pour en fournir des interprétations complexes, comme des arbres ou des bâtiments.
Pour comprendre au mieux comment fonctionnent ces couches, les ingénieurs ont tenté de pousser l'analyse de certaines. Ils résument ainsi la commande faite au système : "Quoi que tu vois, on veut le voir encore plus." C'est alors que l'intelligence artificielle a généré des formes au sein des clichés.
"Si un nuage ressemble un petit peu à un oiseau, alors le système va le faire ressembler encore plus à un oiseau, expliquent les ingénieurs. En réitérant l’action, le programme va reconnaître un oiseau plus fortement et ainsi de suite jusqu’à ce qu’un oiseau très détaillé apparaisse, comme sorti de nulle part."
"L'inceptionnisme"
Les images varient selon le réseau neuronal qui est amplifié. Par exemple, plus on sollicite les couches inférieures, plus des traits vont apparaître. Si on stimule d'avantage les couches supérieures, ce sont des objets qui émergent de l'image.
Les ingénieurs précisent d'ailleurs que comme l'ordinateur a enregistré beaucoup de clichés d'animaux durant son entraînement, il en reproduit souvent. Et parfois en les mixant, ce qui crée des créatures étranges.
Pour ces chercheurs, le Deep Dream a ainsi créé un mouvement artistique qu'ils appellent "l'#inceptionnisme", en référence à l'architecture des réseaux neuronaux.
Au début, cette expérimentation ne cherchait qu'à améliorer l'intelligence artificielle. Mais lorsque les ingénieurs ont posté ce billet, de nombreux internautes se sont intéressés à ce Deep Dream.
Google a donc rendu public le code utilisé pour générer ces images. Des informaticiens s'en sont emparés et ont mis au point des logiciels et des interfaces pour que les internautes puissent s'en servir.
Ce qui ne manque pas de plaire à Google. Les chercheurs encouragent à taguer les images #deepdream sur Twitter, Facebook ou Google+. "Il sera intéressant de voir quelles images les gens arrivent à générer", écrivent-ils.