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#deepdream code informatique de l'intelligence artificielle de Google spécifique "Fractal DDC " développé et dédié pour un nouvel art à La Demeure du Chaos - The Abode of Chaos ou comment les machines perçoivent La Demeure du Chaos - The Abode of Chaos
et si leurs regards étaient ce qui se cache derrière la matrice que nous percevons en tant qu'humains? ces multiples miroirs sont peut-être un autre monde plus réel ou plus éthéré... NB thierry bonne lecture de ce post et ses images dantesques.
Depuis quelques temps vous avez peut-être vu circuler sur les réseaux sociaux des images étranges, affublées d'un hashtag (mot-clé) #deepdream.
Deep Dream est un programme d'intelligence artificielle mis au point par les ingénieurs de Google. Ces derniers travaillent à la reconnaissance d'images pour, entre autres, améliorer la pertinence des recherches dans Google. Le 17 juin dernier ils ont publié un billet intitulé : "Inceptionnisme : plus loin dans les réseaux neuronaux".
Dans ce post ils expliquent comment ils ont réussi, dans leurs recherches, à faire analyser une image mais surtout générer des formes par l'ordinateur. Pour que l'intelligence artificielle puisse mieux reconnaître ce qui compose une image, les ingénieurs ont commencé par lui montrer des millions de photos.
Plusieurs couches de neurones
L'intelligence artificielle fonctionne ici en un ensemble de réseaux de neurones qu'il faut se figurer comme différentes couches. La première est chargée de regarder les bords et les angles d'une image.
Les couches intermédiaires cherchent quant à elles les formes et les différents éléments présents dans l'image comme une feuille ou une porte. Les derniers réseaux assemblent toutes ces informations pour en fournir des interprétations complexes, comme des arbres ou des bâtiments.
Pour comprendre au mieux comment fonctionnent ces couches, les ingénieurs ont tenté de pousser l'analyse de certaines. Ils résument ainsi la commande faite au système : "Quoi que tu vois, on veut le voir encore plus." C'est alors que l'intelligence artificielle a généré des formes au sein des clichés.
"Si un nuage ressemble un petit peu à un oiseau, alors le système va le faire ressembler encore plus à un oiseau, expliquent les ingénieurs. En réitérant l’action, le programme va reconnaître un oiseau plus fortement et ainsi de suite jusqu’à ce qu’un oiseau très détaillé apparaisse, comme sorti de nulle part."
"L'inceptionnisme"
Les images varient selon le réseau neuronal qui est amplifié. Par exemple, plus on sollicite les couches inférieures, plus des traits vont apparaître. Si on stimule d'avantage les couches supérieures, ce sont des objets qui émergent de l'image.
Les ingénieurs précisent d'ailleurs que comme l'ordinateur a enregistré beaucoup de clichés d'animaux durant son entraînement, il en reproduit souvent. Et parfois en les mixant, ce qui crée des créatures étranges.
Pour ces chercheurs, le Deep Dream a ainsi créé un mouvement artistique qu'ils appellent "l'#inceptionnisme", en référence à l'architecture des réseaux neuronaux.
Au début, cette expérimentation ne cherchait qu'à améliorer l'intelligence artificielle. Mais lorsque les ingénieurs ont posté ce billet, de nombreux internautes se sont intéressés à ce Deep Dream.
Google a donc rendu public le code utilisé pour générer ces images. Des informaticiens s'en sont emparés et ont mis au point des logiciels et des interfaces pour que les internautes puissent s'en servir.
Ce qui ne manque pas de plaire à Google. Les chercheurs encouragent à taguer les images #deepdream sur Twitter, Facebook ou Google+. "Il sera intéressant de voir quelles images les gens arrivent à générer", écrivent-ils.
‘ma te scrivi le cose ruffiane sugli altri flickeriani perché a te non ti caga nessuno?’
Ora,
lo temevo.
Appena Leo ha nominato il Flickeriano Mezzo Neurone, nella foto precedente, ho pensato ‘alè, ci siamo’.
E infatti.
Il mio FMN, che silenziosamente osserva ogni mia mossa, si era un attimo chetato.
Ma è un vanesio, e non gli è parso vero che qualcuno si ricordasse di lui.
Così ha preso carta e penna e mi ha scritto una delle sue flickr-mail, di quelle che quando vedi da chi arriva pensi:
‘allora è vero che esiste l’inferno’ e ti inginocchi per terra chiedendo perdono per tutti i peccati tuoi, della famiglia, dei vicini di casa e già che ci sei pure di quelli del rione.
Il FMN che si chiama così perché è lungimirante come una talpa accecata e l’unica dote che possiede è quella di avere i piedi che non puzzano, o per lo meno non si sente, visto che è un…amico…virtuale, ama scrivermi i suoi pensieri, che, si sa, denotano una passione smodata nei miei confronti.
Una passione così totale che il FMN ha solo me, come contatto.
Per dire.
Che io sono felice di scatenare le passioni della gente, per carità, sono pur sempre una donnicciuola vanitoziZZima, ma in fondo di quella del FMN potrei anche farne a meno.
Voglio dire: avere lui come ‘amante virtuale’ è come chiedere della cicuta corretta al fernet per digestivo.
Al solito, siccome sono una persona carina e gentile, mi sono armata di una pazienza che al confronto San Francesco era un hooligan e gli ho risposto:
‘caro amico mio, ti ringrazio per la tua cortese lettera che, come sai, mi rende felice come ricevere un calcio nei polpacci dato con le scarpe antinfortunistiche dotate di punta d’acciaio.
No, non scrivo post sui flickeriani per ricevere un trattamento simile: innanzi tutto perché non mi pare cosa, io non sono una fotografa ma una paroliera, secondo perché non uso giochetti per ricevere pat pat sulla mia spalla flickeriana.
Li scrivo perché se lo meritano e trovo bella la condivisione delle cose belle.
Inoltre non è vero che non mi caga nessuno: ho uno stream animato, dove si parla, ride e blablabla, cosa che mi rende felice e appagata. Ora scusa se non mi dilungo, ma ho cose molto più allegre da fare che scriverti, per esempio devo sturare cessi intasati e organizzare un comitato d’accoglienza per un gruppo di allegri fasci.
Spero di rivederti presto, per esempio quando Nettuno entrerà nell’orbita del nuovo pianeta che è stato scoperto e che pare sia la fotocopia della Terra: magari ci si vede per un flickr-meeting, io, te e l’alieno, che, così a cicca e spanna, è più gradevole di te, pure se si ostina a bere l’orzata con l’alluce e fa scoregge con il naso. Stammi bene eh? La tua Lui’
Ora,
se qualcun altro nomina ancora il FMN sappia che su lui/lei scaglierò dardi di fuoco, piadine bollenti e mozzarelle di bufala alla diossina, tutto insieme: praticamente lancerò cassoni farciti che, si sa, sono tanto buoni da mangiare, ma spiaccicati sul muso sono come un’overdose di botulino:
ti viene una faccia gonfia e tesa che manco la Dellera.
Perché io,
a voi,
Vi amo.
Neuronal migration requires N-syndecan, which FRET reveals clusters with the EGF receptor. (JCB 174(4) TOC2)
This image is available to the public to copy, distribute, or display under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.
Reference: Hienola et al. (2006) J. Cell Biol. 174;569-580
Published on: August 14, 2006
Doi: 10.1083/jcb.200602043
Read the full article at:
Activated neurons in an image from the Allen Brain Observatory, a window into single-cell neural activity in the mouse visual cortex.
Elizabeth Reaser donned a vintage black striped, white long-sleeve tuxedo romper and a sparkling black “Neuron” sandals by Christian Louboutin. For the group photos with the cast, she wore the “Love Me” 45 bow-adorned pump from Mr. Louboutin’s Fall 2012 collection.
Cette coupe transversale au niveau du tronc chez un jeune bar illustre un ganglion rachidien (en bas) constitué de multiples corps cellulaires neuronaux et de neurites (au centre). La beauté de l’image est encore rehaussée par la présence de magnifiques chromatophores étoilés (en brun).
- Pour plus de détails ou précisions, voir « Atlas of Fish Histology » CRC Press, ou « Histologie illustrée du poisson » (QUAE) ou s'adresser à Franck Genten (fgenten@gmail.com)
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Parasagttal section of the medial trunk of a young European seabass. This photomicrograph shows spinal ganglion cells (at the bottom), neurites (in the middle) and beautiful stellate chromatophores (brown).
- For more information or details, see « Atlas of Fish Histology » CRC Press, or « Histologie illustrée du poisson » (QUAE) or contact Franck Genten (fgenten@gmail.com)
Neurons and epigenetics and something or some such. There was a lot of impressive translation happening.
Neurons have a soma (or cell body) and processes, which are extensions from the soma that receive or carry information. Processes can be diversified as dendrites which receive information or axon which carries information. The axon shown here is covered by insulating sheaths of myelin. (Image credit: "Labeled structure of a neuron" by Chiara Mazzasette is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 / A derivative from the original work)
My favourite of the photos of Paul Baker doing the Ice Bucket Challenge for Motor Neuron Disease, probably because of Robbie Love's gleeful expression.
Myriad stories ran rampant through my neurons as I set up and photographed this image. I thought of vampires and elves, of darkness and light, of Carroll's Alice and Neo's red pills, until I was entirely distracted by trying to get the lighting and focus just so. Still, whenever I look at it, my mind returns to wander the many pathways of what might happen when the girl drinks from the glowing cup. Is she in danger or will it save her? Is she joining a family, a culture, or a cult? Is it poison, wine, dragon's blood, or the red light of a dying star?
I photographed this for an "Art-A-Day Challenge" I participated in early 2012. The theme for the day was Drink. It was a lot of fun to create, though I did manage to half blind myself a couple times shining the light in my eye instead of through the cup! I would love to continue with this concept with a setup that does not involve guess work for positioning and focusing as is the usual for using myself as a model!
You can view the full challenge here.
Please email me if you would like a different size or if you would like greeting cards or another product with this image!
© Julia Grace Arts
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Neurofilament and Myelin Basic Protein
(Cytoskeletal associated proteins in neural tissue)
Mouse Whisker Barrel Cortex via Array Tomography
Stephen Smith Lab, Stanford University
smithlab.stanford.edu
In the absence of environmental cues, the neurites of explanted hippocampal neurons inherently turn to the right when grown on 2D substrates. Tamada et al. show that this is due to the rotation of actin-based filopodia in the neurites’ growth cones. (JCB 188(3) TOC2)
This image is available to the public to copy, distribute, or display under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.
Reference: Tamada et al. (2010) J. Cell Biol. 188, 429-441.
Published on: February 8, 2010.
Doi:10.1083/jcb.200906043
Read the full article at:
A cultured hippocampal neuron is stained for the neuronal marker MAP2 (green) and F-actin (red), which preferentially labels dendritic spines. Liu et al. reveal that the cytoplasmic C-terminal domain of Neuroligin 1 promotes synapse formation by binding to spine-associated Rap GTPase-activating protein (SPAR) to induce LIMK1/cofilin-mediated actin reorganization.
Image courtesy of Liu et al.
Reference: See Liu et al.: (2016) J. Cell Biol. 212:449-463
Published on February 15, 2016.
doi: 10.1083/jcb.201509023
Read the full article online at: jcb.rupress.org/content/212/4/449.full
Microscope image of the complex networks established between brain cells grown in the laboratory. The cells labelled green are neurons, which are specialised cells capable of transmitting information throughout the brain. The red cells are astrocytes which support the growth of neurons.
Credit: Declan King (The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences
Submitted caption:
Bright field image showing the AFM tip probing the biomechanical property of neuron cells in culture.
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This image was submitted to the University of Chicago's 2022 Science as Art competition. From neurons to nanoparticles, the entries display the gorgeous landscape of scientific research going on every day at the University of Chicago. More than 100 images were submitted to the contest, from undergraduates, graduate students, staff, postdoctoral researchers, and faculty members. Read more.
Image may only be reprinted with credit to the authors and the University of Chicago.
The axon from a central sympathetic neuron in the spinal cord can project to the periphery in a number of different ways. (a) represents the spinal nerve pathway where the preganglionic fiber projects out and synapses onto a ganglionic neuron at the same level which then carries the information out through the spinal nerve. (b) represents the postganglionic sympathetic nerve pathway where a preganglionic branch projects and synapses onto a more superior or inferior ganglion in the chain which then carries the information out through a symapthetic nerve. (c) represents the splanchnic nerve pathway where a preganglionic branch extends through the white ramus communicans, but does not terminate on a ganglionic neuron in the chain. Instead, it projects through one of the splanchnic nerves to a prevertebral (collateral) ganglion. (Image credit: "Sympathetic Pathways" by Chiara Mazzasette is licensed under CC BY 4.0 / A derivative from the original work).
