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Sulfur mining in Ijen Crater, East Java.
The white smoke are toxic volcanic gases escaping from small region of the active volcano, inside the crater. In the background is the crater lake comprised of sulfuric acid.
Ceramic pipes allow the gases to condense and cool into solid sulfur, which is then broken into pieces to be harvested.
The gases make breathing impossible. Most of the workers are fully exposed to them, only covering their face with a damp cloth. The wind turns quickly, which leads to full immersion in the gas again, and again. The miners then close their eyes, hold their breath, until the air becomes breathable again.
They load the broken pieces into baskets, weighing then more than 80 kg, to carry the sulfur 1 km up to the crater rim. From there, they continue to the next village down 3 km, to sell the harvest for around 10$ per load, twice a day.
miners in Emarat Underground mine (Plumb & Zinc)
we are student of Mahallat University - Mining Group
The work-horse of mining theodolites in 1940's/50's - reading directly to 20 seconds of arc. Complete with mahogany case this instrument was very heavy to cart a couple of miles underground.
These instruments were invariably finished in the colour grey - for a short history and photos of CTS www.landsurveyinghistory.ab.ca/Equipment/Cooke_Troughton_...
ZLJ650 Coal Mining Equipment is mainly designed to drill hole for water detection, gas detection and drainage hole, water injection and geological structure in different angle. Mechanical driving and hydraulic feeding is adopted. It is featured with compact structure, light weight and convenient maintenance, etc.
Features:
Multi-purpose drill rig
Gas detection and drainage drill rig
0-360 degree full section drilling
Simple and compact structure
User-friendly to operate and transport
Specification:
1.Working Pressure: 8MPa
2.Rated Torque: 650Nm
3.Rated Rotation Speed: 90rpm
4.Rated Flux: 12L/min
5.Max. Feeding Force: 15kN
6.Max. Pulling Force: 24kN
7.Pushing Stroke: 400mm
8.Drilling Angel: 0-360 degree
9.Drill Rod Diameter: 42/50mm
10.Winch Lifting Capacity: 10.8kN
11.Wire Barrel Capacity: 30m
12.Wire Diameter: 9mm
13.Rinsing Water Pressure: 0.6-1.2MPa
14.Motor Model: YBK2-160M-4
15.Motor Power: 11kW
16.Motor Voltage: 380/660/1140V
17.Rated Motor Current: 22.3/12.88/7.44A
18.Dimension (L*W*H): 1400*735*1400mm
19.Weight: 720kg
Application:
Use to drill big diameter blast hole, geological exploration hole, gas detection and drainage hole, water infusion hole, pressure discharging hole, etc in underground coal industry.
A delegation of 21 British companies from the Construction Equipment Association travelled to Antofagasta to exhibit their products and services at Exponor Mining Exhibition held in the northern city Antofagasta between 11 and 15 May 2015.
I like this shot even though it's not as bright as it should be. But it's a dark, wet and dank mining tunnel, so what do you expect? I love the tracks disappearing into the ground in the foreground.
This image was scanned by Barry Howard. He has kindly allowed the Coalfields Local History Association to publish it.
You are free to use the image, but Barry and the Coalfields Local History Association would appreciate your acknowledging our efforts in the attribution.
If you have any information about this image, please contact us.
We entered the one shaft we saw that was safe. Carefully made it to the end. There were 2 rail cars inside, a bit of moisture, many test drill sites and a few tiny cave ins. It was an excellent adventure.
Video clip made from still images - 30 seconds long.
Filmed at Paxton Pits Nature Reserve.
Recorded at 60fps.
“...Our readers will perceive the Advocate is embellished with an elegant emblematical design, representing a collier in one of the most laborious of his occupations -viz.: removing his tools. The rose of England, the thistle of Scotland, the shamrock of Ireland, and the Welsh leek will be seen tied together by a ribband, representing a National Union, bound together by friendship and mutual interest. Indeed the whole design is beautiful, and does much credit both to the draftsman and engraver....”
Edited by William Daniels, The Miners' Advocate was begun in December 1843 as a replacement for The Miners' Journal, newspaper of the Miners' Association of Great Britain and Ireland. Initially it was printed and published in Newcastle by bookseller Thomas Dodds, with distribution in Lancashire undertaken by the Manchester bookseller James Leach. By March 1844 sales in Lancashire accounted for just under half the print run of 8000 copies.
With its “eloquent editorial and worthy educational items” -a reflection of the Chartist predilections of its publisher and editor- the paper sometimes struggled to engage its target readership of pitmen. As an “unstamped” publication, however, The Miners' Advocate faced other difficulties. Stamp duty had first been imposed on newspapers in 1712 and was charged on each copy sold, adding significantly to the cover price. The Newspaper and Stamp Duties Act 1819 clarified that liability extended to any journal which either a) contained any "public news, intelligence or occurrences, or any remarks or observations thereon, or upon any matter in Church or State" or b) appeared more frequently than every 26 days. Moreover, each publisher was compelled to deposit £200 with the government as surety against the possibility of future conviction for seditious or blasphemous libel. Although the Association had voted at its conference in March 1844 to comply with these requirements, and did so again at another conference in July, the necessary steps were not taken in time to prevent the commencement of legal proceedings against Thomas Dodds as publisher. Publication was suspended after the 18th issue, and when The Miners' Advocate was relaunched in May 1845 it was as a monthly rather than a fortnightly journal.
On 20 February 1847 The Newcastle Guardian and Tyne Mercury reported that “The Miner's Advocate... , which was discontinued in May last, has again been recommenced by Mr. Wm. Daniells, in a new and improved form. It is now printed and published in the Isle of Man - a change which is questionable, but which, we hope, may prove advantageous.” Several radical papers had by this time relocated to the Isle of Man, where they enjoyed not only freedom from stamp duty, paper duty and advertisement tax but also free postage to the UK mainland. “The Miners' Advocate and Manx Intellingencer” -as the paper was now called- was published by Robert Fargher in Douglas. A prospectus, dated 5 December 1846, said that it would be “an organ of instruction and communication for the miners of Great Britain, Ireland, and the Isle of Man, and its principal object will be to improve their condition, mentally, morally, and physically. It will develop more fully the capabilities of the Island as to its mining operations and will contain papers on geology, etc.” William Daniels continued as editor, and the proprietor was named as MAGB&I secretary William Grocott. Although the title had changed, the numbering of the Manx editions picked up where the second series of The Miner's Advocate, begun in May 1845, had left off.
In his “Bibliographical Account of Works Relating to the Isle of Man” (Manx Museum and Ancient Monuments Trustees, 1933), William Cubbon notes a reference to The Miners' Advocate and Manx Intelligencer having been printed on 21 April 1849. Fairly soon thereafter, however, it seems that the ending of the free postage concession and the jailing of much of the MAGB&I leadership -including William Grocott and James Leach- conspired to bring about its demise.
The above facsimile of the first issue was included in the republication of J B Smethurst's “Lancashire and the Miners' Association of Great Britain and Ireland” (Eccles & District Historical Society, 1969). Despite the compliments paid to the draftsman and engraver of the masthead in the editorial, neither of them is named in the piece and I have been unable to discover their identities. The design was subsequently adapted for use by “The Lancashire Miner”, which enjoyed a brief run in the 1980s.
A working colliery from 1912 until its closure in 1970. Nationalised in 1947, 2,800 tons a day were being produced in 1967. Most of the site was cleared, but the majestic No.1 shaft steel headgear and its associated engine house complete with huge 3,300 h.p. Yates & Thom steam winding engine have survived as a lasting monument to the once massive South Lancashire coal industry and is the only surviving pit head gear in Lancashire.
-A Guide to the Industrial Archaeology of Greater Manchester
Participants at the World Economic Forum on Africa 2013. Copyright by World Economic Forum / Benedikt von Loebell
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A delegation of 21 British companies from the Construction Equipment Association travelled to Antofagasta to exhibit their products and services at Exponor Mining Exhibition held in the northern city Antofagasta between 11 and 15 May 2015.
Interior of the Hearst Memorial Mining Building on the UC Berkeley Campus.
Copyright 2013 Gareth Bogdanoff
These bees were making holes in the grass banks in the churchyard at Holy Trinity Church, Rayleigh, Essex.
Participants at the World Economic Forum on Africa 2013. Copyright by World Economic Forum / Benedikt von Loebell
Leadfield. The site became a boomtown mining camp in 1925, but the whole enterprise was a stock fraud. A small low-grade lead deposit had been salted with richer ore and slickly marketed to investors. By 1927, the promoters abscounded with the money and the town was quickly abandoned. Only a few buildings remain. Titus Canyon. Death Valley National Park. Inyo Co., Calif.