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Participants in NASA's 7th annual Robotic Mining Competition refine their robotic excavator before taking it to the competition arena for competitive runs. The RMC is set up for college students to design and build a mining robot that can travel over a simulated Martian surface, excavate regolith and deposit as much of it as possible into a bin, all within 10 minutes. Team members may control their bots remotely from a trailer where their only line of sight is via a computer screen, or completely autonomously, with their programming skills put to the test as their robot handles the mission on its own. The competition, which takes place May 16 to 20 at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in Florida, focuses on technologies necessary to extract consumables such as oxygen and water to support human life and provide methane fuel to spacecraft. Photo credit: NASA/Bill White
A rare tour of the yard by a company officer a friend of Rex Hauser we were able to photograph everything at Hoyt lake mine.this unit is stored
Exact Mining Services Kenworth T904 parked up at Kulgera Roadhouse hauling a Komatsu Water Truck bound for Roxby Downs.
Wirrabara.
A Kaurna Aboriginal name meaning “gum trees with running water” was used to name the town when it was proclaimed in 1874 although the local Aboriginal people were the Ngadjuri tribe. Before 1874 the land was firstly leased by Samuel and Frederick White from 1844 who named their run Charlton. A small and not very successful copper mine, the Charlton mine, was established in the 1850s on this run just north of the present town site. The Charlton Mine was run by the Australian Mining Company from 1854 for just a few years. White’s leasehold was purchased by Charles. B. Fisher in 1861 who renamed the property Wirrabara instead of Charlton but Charles White retained his old homestead and some acreage around it. When Surveyor General George Goyder visited Fisher’s Wirrabara run in 1864 he estimated it was carrying 50,000 sheep. In 1866 the Wirrabara run was taken over by Alexander Borthwick Murray and his three sons of Mt Crawford as a sheep stud for their Murray Merinos. When parts of the run were resumed in 1872 for closer settlement Alexander Borthwick Murray used his employees to purchase extensive areas of freehold land in a system known as dummying. The Murray family built a homestead in 1872 on the property called Avonmore shown because they then had freehold to the property. When Alexander Scott Murray married in 1874 he extended and remodelled it into a grand ten roomed house with marble fireplaces and cedar architraves and it became his family home. There is a fine stone memorial to Alexander Scott Murray near the railway station with its silo art. He was only 34 years old when he died of ill health and he was the highly respected manager of Wirrabara Station. He had a large public role and apart from supporting local organisations he did public works like laying the foundation stone of the Laura Institute etc. On his death he left a wife and four children under five years of age. The memorial was unveiled in February 1882 two years after Alexander Scott Murray’s death in 1880. After Alexander Scott Murray’s death his brother John took over Avonmore but he too died of health issues in 1884 aged 35 years. Alexander Borthwick Murray and his remaining son Malcomb of Avonmore also had lands northwards along the ranges. In 1885 A.B. Murray had some of these lands surveyed and put up for sale as a private town named Murraytown after himself. Up to 50,000 sheep were shorn on the Wirrabara run in the late 19th century which by then occupied 20,700 acres freehold. But then son Malcom Murray committed suicide in April 1900. Malcom Pulteney Murray was known for his pranks, drunkenness and rash behaviours and his depressions. Alexander Borthwick Murray died in 1903 and his estate trustees managed Avonmore and the lands at Murraytown. The 20,700 acre Wirrabara Estate was sold as part of Alexander Borthwick’s estate in 1910 for over £141,000. At that time it was known for its fruit orchards, grain paddocks and lucerne flats. It was subdivided into 47 farms.
Apart from pastoralism forestry has been a major industry in the region even after grain farmers arrived in 1874. Some individual foresters were cutting timber and selling it from around 1865. Good quality straight posts were sold by them for the erection of the telegraph line to Melrose and Port Augusta in 1865. The first plantation forest in Australia was established by the SA government in 1875 at Bundaleer near Jamestown. The second forest was declared at Wirrabara in 1877. The government had resumed almost 50,000 acres in 1875 which was set aside as the Wirrabara Forest Reserve. A Forester’s residence and a Nurseryman’s residence were soon erected. The most drought resistant of the pine trees the Aleppo Pine from Syria was planted here in 1878. Tasmanian blue gum and other exotic and native trees were planted at Wirrabara. Most of the lands of the forest were about 1,700 feet above sea level (518 metres) and about 20 small leasehold farm blocks were created in it for fruit growing. The horticulturists were known as the Wirrabara Blockers. In these early years Wirrabara forest was also used to produce seedlings for plantings at Bundaleer. The first saw mill began in 1880 with another in 1902 to mill the Aleppo pines. In 1881 the Wirrabara Forest School opened as so many people lived in this area. A second Forest School was built in 1910. Forestry and saw milling remained an industry until the Bangor bushfires of 2014 destroyed large areas of the forests which the then current Labor government decided not to replant. The native trees along the ranges remain as forest or as conservation parks. Thus it is not surprising that the theme for the Wirrabara grain silo art is the forestry worker and the native birds of the forests like the red capped robin. The King Tree or Eucalyptus camaldulensis (usually called River Red Gum) is one of the main trees of the native forests. By 1889 the Blockers were under the control of the Commissioner of Crown Lands and some purchased their farms freehold. Most Blockers grew vines or fruit trees. Some blocks were sold by the government as soldier settler farms after World War One but this was not successful with farmers deserting their blocks by 1932.
The town began to emerge overnight in 1874 with many buildings being erected by 1875. The first stores in the town were opened by Melrose storekeepers. They were followed by a baker, a butcher, a saddler and the hotel. In fact the Wirrabara Hotel was licensed in 1875 and the fine sandstone building opened shortly thereafter. A government school followed the Free, Compulsory and Secular Education Act for 1875 by opening in 1879. It was replaced with a larger red brick school building in 1921. The Post Office started in 1880 and the Institute foundation stone was laid in 1884. Once open it was used for Anglican and Lutheran church services. It still runs a library service, the only independent library service left in SA. In 1912 a new local Wirrabara stone institute or hall was built and opened by the Governor Sir Day Bosanquet. The War Memorial in front of the Institute was unveiled in 1921. The first courtroom operated in Wirrabara from around 1880 with a temporary police station. One of the biggest events in the town growth was the arrival of the railway line from Laura in 1910 as it pushed northwards to Booleroo Centre. Public meetings in Wirrabara had called for this from 1901. Parliament approved the line in 1908 and the work was finished to Wirrabara in 1910. In 1923 the government bought a block of land in Fifth Street for a new police station but this was not erected until 1929. Apart from industry and commercial premises the town soon churches.
The Wesleyan Methodists opened their church in 1876 being the first in town. The Bible Christians Methodists opened theirs soon after. The Anglicans held early services in the first Institute until St Margaret’s Church opened in 1909 on the corner of Second and Fifth Streets. The old or first Institute was left vacant for some time after 1912 and then in 1920 it was taken over by Manning’s Furniture Store. In the early 1940s the Anglican began planning for a new and larger church. When Manning’s Furniture store came on the market in the first institute the Anglicans purchased that and it was consecrated in 1964 with the old foundation stone on the front. The Lutheran church opened in 1921. The foundation stone of Catholic Church was laid on 1 June 1930 by the Bishop of Port Augusta with the church opening in February 1931.
Wirrabara received an $80,000 federal government grant through the Fund My Neighbourhood program to have their silos painted. The Mount Remarkable Council conducted a local survey to select the artist and the theme of the painting. The most favoured artist was Sam Bates, alias Smug, of Melbourne and he was awarded the task. The most popular theme voted for was forestry and woodcutters. The woodcutter depicted on the silos is Dion Lebrun of Tumby Bay and the beautiful bird is a red capped robin. Since the closure of the forests the silo art is just one of a number of measures the locals are taking to keep their town alive. A farmers’ market is held once a month on a Sunday morning, they maintain a community website, the volunteer staffed craft shop distributes tourist information and some locals still grow apricots, peaches and nectarines and one enterprising horticulturist is now growing Manuka bushes to produce Manuka honey in a few years’ time.
No idea the name of this mine but hear it sits. This is just off from Idaho Springs. Dave I've been having some small issues with the computer and I think I'll just go ahead and pull my hair out then I bet the issues will be going LOL.
The Californian Gold Rush of 1849 saw a proliferation in the use of steam power for the extraction of mineral wealth.
Visit www.empireofsteam.blogspot.com for the full story behind this and many other constructions of the Steampunk Age.
Participants in NASA's 7th annual Robotic Mining Competition work on a robotic excavator as the team prepares for practice runs and competition. The RMC is set up for college students to design and build a mining robot that can travel over a simulated Martian surface, excavate regolith — or Mars dirt — and deposit as much of it as possible into a bin, all within 10 minutes. Team members may control their bots remotely from a trailer where their only line of sight is via a computer screen, or completely autonomously, with their programming skills put to the test as their robot handles the mission on its own. The competition, which takes place May 16 to 20 at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in Florida, focuses on technologies necessary to extract consumables such as oxygen and water to support human life and provide methane fuel to spacecraft. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett
On 1 January 1947 the post-war Labour government delivered on its manifesto commitment to take the lion's share of the British coal-mining industry into public ownership. By section 1(1) of the Coal Industry Nationalisation Act 1946/c.59 the mining of coal in Great Britain became, “save as in this Act provided”, the sole prerogative of the National Coal Board.
The former Richard Evans & Co Ltd collieries were at first incorporated into No. 3/St Helens Area of the NCB's North Western Division. Further administrative reorganisation of the NCB estate followed as the number of operational pits in the Area reduced over the subsequent decades. The Board presented this account of the state of affairs at Golborne in 1967:
“No.1 Shaft is 14 ft in diameter and was sunk in 1880 to the Lower Florida Seam at a depth of 150 yards. When the coal was worked out it was filled in 1943.
No 2 Shaft is the main upcast ventilation shaft and is 14ft in diameter. it was sunk to the Florida at a depth of 150 yds in 1880 and was deepened to 280yds in 1890 to the Wigan seams and again in 1902 to a point 80 yd below the Arley seam a total depth of 600 yds. It is used for manriding and materials
No 3 shaft is the downcast ventilation and coal winding shaft. It is 18ft in diameter and was sunk to a depth of 600 yd in 1902. It is also used for winding materials and men...
The present colliery is divided into two parts by an east/west fault which has a downthrow 180 feet north. The northern area has been extensively worked in the past and at present no coal is being worked in this area. A conservative estimate of the reserves available at the colliery is 29,000,000 tons giving a life of over seventy years at the planned output of 1,650 tons per day.
In 1949 two level tunnels were driven to investigate the south area. these tunnels reached the Wigan Four feet seam and in doing so proved the Peacock and the Trencherbone seams. Development in the Wigan Four Foot seam, for some 1200 yd across the take, proved the area to be promising and the Trencherbone and lower Florida seams are now being worked. The tunnels have now been extended to the Crombuke seam.
To enable the colliery to build up its output and to exploit the south area to the best advantage, a reorganisation scheme has been carried out. The scheme included for the introduction of a diesel haulage locomotive, the reorganisation of the pit bottom to reduce manpower, the electrification of the surface winders, the erection of pit head baths and the provision of adequate ventilation and compressed air.
SHAFTS AND WINDING
a) No.2 Shaft.
The original steam driven winding engine was manufactured by John Woods and Sons in 1896 and had two cylinders 30″ in diameter, with a 60″ stroke. This has now been replaced by a new winding engine manufactured by Metro-Vicks/John Wood and installed in July 1956. It is single cylindrical drum type, having a diameter of 15 ft and a drum width of 8 ft. The drum is driven through a double reduction gearing, ratio 34 to 1, from a 2.2k.v. slip ring induction motor of 200 hp at 575 rpm.
b) No 3 Shaft.
The original winder was built in 1907 by Fraser Chalmers and consisted of a pair of compound engines with cylinders 28″ and 46″ in diameter, with a 60″ stroke. The engines were very lightly built and had been in operation for fifty years and owing to the threatened closure of the colliery on two occasions, had not been adequately maintained. This winder was replaced in July 1956 by a new electric winder manufactured by Metro Vicks/Vickers Armstrong and is a of a double compartment single cylindrical drum type, having a diameter of 16 feet and an overall drum width of 8 ft. it is driven through a single reduction gearing from an 11kv slip ring induction motor of 1400 hp at 356 rpm.
COAL HANDLING ARRANGEMENTS
a) Surface.
On the surface, pneumatic decking rams are used to load and unload the cages at No 3 shaft top and the tubs are controlled by associated retarders and stops
b) Underground.
Prior to 1951, simultaneous decking was in operation at No 3 shaft. the pit bottom had now been completely reorganised with fully automatic control of full and empty tubs. The full tubs are left by the locomotive about 100 yds from the shaft and gravitate to the cages. They are controlled by retarders until they reach the uncoupling station, from which point they gravitate to the decking plant adjacent to the shaft. From here they are under the control of the onsetter, who operates the automatic rams, tilting platforms and other cage gear. The empties gravitate from the shaft on a series of creepers which moves the tubs forward for assembly in readiness for the locomotives which operate in the main transport system. the locomotive haulage system id handled by 70 hp diesel locomotives.
COAL PREPARATION
The run-of-mine coal is tippled on either of two classifying screens and classified into large +6″,
Cobbles 6″ x 3″ and -3″.
The +6″ passes along a picking belt and is cleaned by hand.
The 6″ x 3″ size is cleaned mechanically by a Greaves wash-box.
The -3″ is conveyed to a surge bunker and is fed out at a constant rate and delivered to a high speed screen.
This high speed screen gives two products, 3″ x Å” which is sent away for washing and Å” x 0″ which is sold untreated.
VENTILATION
Ventilation is provided by a Walker Indestructible Fan installed in 1908. the fan is 20 ft in diameter and 7′ 6″ wide and was designed for a duty of 350,000 cfm at 4″ water gauge running at 129 rpm.
The original steam drive was by half compound engine developing 176 bhp but this was replaced in 1955 by an electric drive housing a 300 hp AC synchronous motor running at 300 rpm. In order to meet future requirements, a new exhausting single inlet radial flow fan of the backward aero-foil bladed type has been erected on the surface in anew fan house. The fan is capable of passing 360,00 cfm at 10.5″ water gauge; it is driven by a 800 hp synchronous induction motor through a three speed gearbox to give the flexibility of performance.
POWER SUPPLY
a) Steam.
The original steam raising plant consisted of a battery of six Lancashire Boilers, five of which were normally in steam and one kept as spare. they were installed in 1906 and were in a very poor condition. With the electrification of the surface plane, it had been necessary to keep only two boilers, one as stand bye to provide low-pressure steam for space heating and the surface buildings.
b) Compressed air.
There are two main units at the colliery, both by Bellis & Morcom, two-stage double crank vertical reciprocating air compressors each with a capacity of 2100 cfm. Both are electrically driven by 400 hp 2200 v motors. There is an 8″ diameter compressed air range in the No 2 shaft and the districts are supplied by 6″, 4″ and 3″ ranges. This capacity was not adequate for the future needs of the colliery and the supply had been augmented by a 1,100 hp electrically driven set with a capacity of 5250 cfm. This addition compressor is housed in an extension to the existing compressor house.
c) Electricity.
Electricity is obtained from the North Western Electricity board at 11000 volts transformed down to 2200 volts by means of 3x 1500 KVA transformers. The electricity supply underground is at 2200 volts and is supplied by shaft cables down No 3 shaft.
OTHER SURFACE BUILDINGS
a) Baths: A new pithead baths has been erected having accommodation for 1092 workmen and 12 officials. The building incorporates a canteen, medical centre and offices.
b) Lamproom: The lamproom has a capacity for 1100 lamps.
c) Stores: These are housed in a new stores building and materials stockyard.
MINING CONDITIONS
The measures in the Golborne Colliery take an average gradient of 1 in 4 in the south-easterly direction. The area also has a considerable amount of minor faulting, especially in the northern area. In the southern area, a high gas yield had been encountered and methane drainage is practised to provide safer working conditions.
OUTPUT
After reorganisation and up to 1960 an output of 1500 tons per day on two shifts was obtained from the Crombuke seam in the Northern area and the Trencherbone in the Southern area. Consequent to the exhaustion of the Crombuke seam in the north area, the output has been obtained in the South area of the Lower Florida and Trencherbone seams. In June 1961 three shift winding was introduced resulting in an increase in the average output up to 2250 tons per day. Coal is produced from four faces working double shaft on a shift rotation basis, giving colliery output on three shifts.
Power loading using the Anderton Shearer Loaders in conjunction with flexible armoured conveyors is employed on all faces and on the Trencherbone rise face Gullick “Seamer” 5-leg self-advancing powered supports are also in operation”.
Participants in NASA's 7th annual Robotic Mining Competition watch as their robotic excavator starts inside a protected bin of simulated regolith at the start of the competition. The RMC is set up for college students to design and build a mining robot that can travel over a simulated Martian surface, excavate regolith and deposit as much of it as possible into a bin, all within 10 minutes. Team members may control their bots remotely from a trailer where their only line of sight is via a computer screen, or completely autonomously, with their programming skills put to the test as their robot handles the mission on its own. The competition, which takes place May 16 to 20 at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in Florida, focuses on technologies necessary to extract consumables such as oxygen and water to support human life and provide methane fuel to spacecraft. Photo credit: NASA/Bill White
Participants in NASA's 7th annual Robotic Mining Competition refine their robotic excavator before taking it to the competition arena on the first day of competitive runs following morning practice rounds. The RMC is set up for college students to design and build a mining robot that can travel over a simulated Martian surface, excavate regolith and deposit as much of it as possible into a bin, all within 10 minutes. Team members may control their bots remotely from a trailer where their only line of sight is via a computer screen, or completely autonomously, with their programming skills put to the test as their robot handles the mission on its own. The competition, which takes place May 16 to 20 at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in Florida, focuses on technologies necessary to extract consumables such as oxygen and water to support human life and provide methane fuel to spacecraft. Photo credit: NASA/Bill White
Full Quality Version available at: Download TIFF from MAGIC
Title: Atlas accompanying volume III on Mining industry / United States Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel; Clarence King, Geologist in charge.
Conference: United States Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel (1867-1881)
Other title: Mining industry atlas
Publisher: New York : J. Bien, [187-?].
Subjects: Mines and mineral resources --United States --Maps.
Location: Babbidge Map Library Double Oversize-NonCirculating-Level 4
Call Number: G1201.H1 U53 1870
Participants in NASA's 7th annual Robotic Mining Competition uncrate a robotic excavator as the team prepares for practice runs and competition. The RMC is set up for college students to design and build a mining robot that can travel over a simulated Martian surface, excavate regolith — or Mars dirt — and deposit as much of it as possible into a bin, all within 10 minutes. Team members may control their bots remotely from a trailer where their only line of sight is via a computer screen, or completely autonomously, with their programming skills put to the test as their robot handles the mission on its own. The competition, which takes place May 16-20 at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in Florida, focuses on technologies necessary to extract consumables such as oxygen and water to support human life and provide methane fuel to spacecraft. Photo credit: NASA/Dimitri Gerondidakis
Participants in NASA's 7th annual Robotic Mining Competition tote their robotic excavators to the competition arena. The RMC is set up for college students to design and build a mining robot that can travel over a simulated Martian surface, excavate regolith and deposit as much of it as possible into a bin, all within 10 minutes. Team members may control their bots remotely from a trailer where their only line of sight is via a computer screen, or completely autonomously, with their programming skills put to the test as their robot handles the mission on its own. The competition, which takes place May 16 to 20 at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in Florida, focuses on technologies necessary to extract consumables such as oxygen and water to support human life and provide methane fuel to spacecraft. Photo credit: NASA/Bill White
Participants in NASA's 7th annual Robotic Mining Competition uncrate a robotic excavator as the team prepares for practice runs and competition. The RMC is set up for college students to design and build a mining robot that can travel over a simulated Martian surface, excavate regolith — or Mars dirt — and deposit as much of it as possible into a bin, all within 10 minutes. Team members may control their bots remotely from a trailer where their only line of sight is via a computer screen, or completely autonomously, with their programming skills put to the test as their robot handles the mission on its own. The competition, which takes place May 16-20 at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in Florida, focuses on technologies necessary to extract consumables such as oxygen and water to support human life and provide methane fuel to spacecraft. Photo credit: NASA/Dimitri Gerondidakis
We have seen this mine grow every year. I love the colors. The Canaletes valley has been mined for clay for a long time. Now the clay is used for refractory bricks.
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Wir haben diese Mine schon oft gesehen und jedes Jahr wird sie grösser. Die farbige Erde fasziniert mich. Im Canaletes Tal baut man seit vielen Jahren Tonerde ab. heute wird die Erde für Schamottesteine oder Feuerfestziegel verwendet.
Just down the road.
This is a modern 32 unit industrial estate in the popular location of Bilston Glen, Loanhead, near Edinburgh. Manse acquired this investment for circa £6 million. Tenants on the estate include Carpetright, Edmundson Electrical and MacSweens.
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BUT ONCE APON A TIME.
. BILSTON GLEN Colliery
Location: Loanhead
Previous Owners: National Coal Board
Sinking Commenced: 1952
Production Commenced: 1963
Year Closed: 1989
Year Abandoned: 1989
Average Workforce: 2,154
Peak Workforce: 2,367
Peak Year: 1970
Shaft Details: No. 1 shaft (NT 2714 6510) 7.3m diameter, 751m deep, with 2 ground-mounted AC 1082KW friction winders hauling 4 10.7-tonne skips, No. 2 shaft (NT 2725 6507) 6.1m diameter, 733m deep with 746KW AC double-drum ground-mounted winder hauling 2 double-decked cages each carrying 72 men simultaneously. Winding engines by Fullerton, Hodgart & Barclay of Paisley. The coal preparation plant (a Baum-type washer) was completed in 1960, and was designed to treat 640 tons of coal per hour.
Other Details: One of the National Coal Board's (NCB) most successful superpit developments, and designed to go much deeper than neighbouring mines into the Midlothian coalfield basin, exploiting the limestone coals, with an intended output of 1 million tons per annum. The scheme, which was one of NCB architect Egon Riss¿s projects and included baths, canteen and medical facilities, was inaugurated on 19 May 1952, production commencing in 1963. Prior to closure, 45% of output was consumed by electricity generators (South of Scotland Electricity Board, or SSEB). Bilston Glen witnessed some of the most bitter scenes of unrest in Scotland during the miners¿ strike of 1984. Demolished shortly after closure in 1988.
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Friday 14 April 1989
THE fate of Bilston Glen Colliery was effectively sealed yesterday when Mr George McAlpine, Scottish group manager of British Coal, told senior representatives of the trade unions there was no way he could foresee the continuation of mining operations at the colliery.
In the past year, he said, the colliery had lost more than #20m and over the past five years, more than #50m. He therefore proposed further discussions urgently at a reconvened review meeting on April 24.
''I will go through, discuss, debate, consider all the various factors. Then, at the end of the time, if I cannot see a situation of improvement, then I will indicate that in my view it would close and I would recommend to the corporation that that is the position that would arise.''
The trade unions, if they wished, could appeal and the maximum timescale for the procedure was nine months. British Coal would make the final decision.
''Faced with severe contraction in market opportunities, and despite determined efforts, costs at Bilston Glen Colliery are at an unacceptable level and there is no way I can foresee a continuation of mining operations at the colliery,'' said Mr McAlpine.
He said that the South of Scotland Electricity Board's decision to reduce coal supplies to power stations to two million tonnes a year no longer supported the Scottish coal industry in its present shape.
Referring to the difficulties of high-cost coal and the reduced demand for power station coal, he said that reconvened meetings would be necessary to discuss in detail the situation at the two Lothians collieries -- Bilston Glen and Monktonhall. Further discussions would also be necessary to consider the effect of this traumatic change of mind by British Coal's biggest customer on opencast activities and staff requirements.
Mr McAlpine said that Monktonhall Colliery -- which was being developed, but was not producing coal -- was inextricably linked with Bilston Glen and there was now no customer willing to accept its projected output. The project would have to be reconsidered.
More than 600 men are employed at Bilston Glen and about 200 at Monktonhall.
Mr McAlpine forecast that Longannet had a good chance of continuing. As the new workings were further developed the colliery could be expected to produce at acceptable costs.
However, as with the deep mines, there would be a need to reappraise over the next few weeks the higher-cost, lowest-quality opencast coal production in Scotland. Because of these measures, which needed to be taken as a consequence of the new marketing outlook, Mr McAlpine said there would be a need to reappraise the staff complement for the Scottish group of British Coal.
Planning for the future development of the Frances coal reserves would continue in the hope that they would be required in due course, but he said a final decision on its future could only be made at a later date.
Mr McAlpine said that even if all deep-mined coal could be produced at low cost, there remained an unsaleable surplus in Scotland. Ater the meeting, Mr George Bolton, president of the Scottish NUM, said there was an Irish market, a domestic market, and an industrial market to be considered.
''The word from today's discussion is that Mr McAlpine is clearly placing a serious question mark on the possibility of Bilston Glen surviving. If British Coal comes to the position of suggesting Bilston Glen close, we are going to oppose that. They will close that pit over my dead body, and I don't intend dying. I am far too young to die,'' he said.
Mr McAlpine had told him the pit would have to produce 2700 tonnes a day to survive.
Participants in NASA's 7th annual Robotic Mining Competition tote their robotic excavators to the competition arena. The RMC is set up for college students to design and build a mining robot that can travel over a simulated Martian surface, excavate regolith and deposit as much of it as possible into a bin, all within 10 minutes. Team members may control their bots remotely from a trailer where their only line of sight is via a computer screen, or completely autonomously, with their programming skills put to the test as their robot handles the mission on its own. The competition, which takes place May 16 to 20 at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in Florida, focuses on technologies necessary to extract consumables such as oxygen and water to support human life and provide methane fuel to spacecraft. Photo credit: NASA/Bill White
Participants in NASA's 7th annual Robotic Mining Competition work on a robotic excavator as the team prepares for practice runs and competition. The RMC is set up for college students to design and build a mining robot that can travel over a simulated Martian surface, excavate regolith — or Mars dirt — and deposit as much of it as possible into a bin, all within 10 minutes. Team members may control their bots remotely from a trailer where their only line of sight is via a computer screen, or completely autonomously, with their programming skills put to the test as their robot handles the mission on its own. The competition, which takes place May 16 to 20 at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in Florida, focuses on technologies necessary to extract consumables such as oxygen and water to support human life and provide methane fuel to spacecraft. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett
A participant in NASA's 7th annual Robotic Mining Competition uncrates a robotic excavator as his team prepares for practice runs and competition. The RMC is set up for college students to design and build a mining robot that can travel over a simulated Martian surface, excavate regolith — or Mars dirt — and deposit as much of it as possible into a bin, all within 10 minutes. Team members may control their bots remotely from a trailer where their only line of sight is via a computer screen, or completely autonomously, with their programming skills put to the test as their robot handles the mission on its own. The competition, which takes place May 16-20 at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in Florida, focuses on technologies necessary to extract consumables such as oxygen and water to support human life and provide methane fuel to spacecraft. Photo credit: NASA/Dimitri Gerondidakis
Participants of NASA's 7th annual Robotic Mining Competition take part in the awards ceremony for the event inside the Apollo/Saturn V Center at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex. The RMC is set up for college students to design and build a mining robot that can travel over a simulated Martian surface, excavate regolith and deposit as much of it as possible into a bin, all within 10 minutes. Team members may control their bots remotely from a trailer where their only line of sight is via a computer screen, or completely autonomously, with their programming skills put to the test as their robot handles the mission on its own. The competition, which takes place May 16 to 20 at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in Florida, focuses on technologies necessary to extract consumables such as oxygen and water to support human life and provide methane fuel to spacecraft. Photo credit: NASA/Dimitri Gerondidakis
Mining in Svalbard.
As a reminder, keep in mind that this picture is available only for non-commercial use and that visible attribution is required. If you'd like to use this photo outside these terms, please contact me ahead of time to arrange for a paid license.
As you drive down through the often dark gorge of the A6 from Buxton to Bakewell, towards King Sterndale, you pass this curious building up on your right amongst the trees. Built on a steep slope with a semi-ornate exterior I have always wondered what it is. I can only assume it is linked to the mining and quarrying activities all over this area but does anyone know anything more about it?
Good at mining, but bad at swimming ! Rescued from the bird drinking dish. Placed on this leaf to dry, took three photos and it flew off.
My Garden, Beverley
Title: Leaders of the Mexican Mining & Smelting Company
Creator: Unknown
Date: 1902
Part Of: Mexican Mining & Smelting Company
Place: Mexico
Physical Description: 1 photographic print: gelatin silver; 11 x 16 cm on 18 x 25 cm mount
File: ag1983_0276_28a_sm_opt.jpg
Rights: Please cite DeGolyer Library, Southern Methodist University when using this file. A high-resolution version of this file may be obtained for a fee. For details see the sites.smu.edu/cul/degolyer/research/permissions/ web page. For other information, contact degolyer@smu.edu.
For more information and to view the image in high resolution, see: digitalcollections.smu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/mex/id/1036
View the Mexico: Photographs, Manuscripts, and Imprints Collection