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- Sydney J. Harris.
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During this winter, there was unusually abundant rainfall in California, which caused many plants to thrive. I was surprised to learn that the rain's effect was visible even in one of the hottest places on Earth: the Mesquite Flats Sand Dunes in Death Valley National Park. My goal was to find viewpoints that capture the maximum amount of greenery in the frame, and I found a shrub on the shaded side of a dune to be the best. My favorite composition was a landscape-oriented image taken from straight in front of the shrub, which gave me the best view of the abundance of plants this year. Keeping the camera low and compressing the midground also helped minimize the distance between these dune formations.
'...damaged by hurricane Irma in 2017. Strategic remedial pruning is made to minimize additional damage and encourage growth.'
An evening walk testing my arm for the camera and if my shoulder could take the jarring. Passed the test, and I will be doing super long walks in order to minimize my fitness loss, and will continue the 366.
161/366
Thanks for this great shot Lyza!
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HUD Functions:
-- Eating Speed:
With this option, you can choose between 3 different speeds, which affect the speed between every fries. *Fast* 0 Seconds, *Medium* 10 Seconds, *Slow* 20 Seconds
-- Auto Eating:
-- When you turn this option ON, the avatar will eat the entire Package of Fries, and then the avatar will throw the package away, and the avatar will resume eating after grabbing a new package from his/her back pocket.
-- When you turn this OFF, the avatar won't eat any fries unless you manually click on the fries in the package.
-- Share with Friends:
-- Your friends can click on the RED part of the package to receive one *INVISIBLE* French Frie that they need to attach, and right after, they need to keep on the yellow part directly on the fries to eat one.
-- Particle FX:
-- In the first 20 fries, they are still HOT and produce a small hot vaper particle effect =).
-- RESET Function: This function will reset the French Fries from any state to a full package.
-- Chris Two Design's HUDs now have a minimized HUD, so please select the * - * Button at the top right Corner to Minimize or the * Square * Button to Maximize the HUD.
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Tilt-shift lenses are fabulously expensive, and—I’ve been telling myself—unnecessary, because one can simply correct perspective in post. Yeah, well, but 3-axis rotation does not suffice. I really ought to have corrected lateral perspective and minimized vertical perspective with my feet.
Admiring the work, too lazy to look up the artist.
A captured image from an overlook of Beaver Pond with a view extending to the south-southeast. This is in Voyageurs National Park. My thought in composing this image was to capture a look down and then across through a break in some nearby trees to the pond itself and then more distant forest on the other side. I also wanted to minimize what I felt was the more negative space of the overcast skies and focus on the setting to my front.
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Class-D personnel is required to live near to their working space to minimize resource, time and power loss. Class-D personnel is entitled to living space of max. 15 square meters. Class-D personell may not leave their working space until permitted to do so by Class C ( or higher ) personnel.
Violaters will be put to retirement.
yesterday around 15h50
Loose snow sliding down a mountainside is called a loose snow avalanche. Small loose snow avalanches are called Sluffs. Loose snow avalanches can be dry or wet.
Loose snow avalanches usually start from a point and fan outward as they descend, and because of this they are also called “point releases.” Very few people are killed by loose snow avalanches because they tend to be small and they tend to fracture below you as you cross a slope instead of above you as slab avalanches often do. The avalanche culture tends to minimize the danger of loose snow avalanches, sometimes calling them “harmless sluffs.” But, of course, this is not always the case. Houses have been completely destroyed by “harmless sluffs,” and if caught in one, it can easily take the victim over cliffs, into crevasses or bury them deeply in a terrain trap such as a gully. Most of the people killed in sluffs are climbers who are caught in naturally-triggered sluffs that descend from above–especially in wet or springtime conditions. Also, wet loose snow slides consist of dense, heavy snow and can sometimes grow to large and destructive sizes.
Sluffs can actually be a sign of stability within the deeper snow when new snow sluffs down without triggering deeper slabs. Sluffs are usually easy to deal with but slabs are definitely not.
source: avalanche.org/avalanche-encyclopedia/loose-snow-avalanche/
Social distancing is a new action in our everyday life just now and is intended to stop or slow down the spread of a contagious disease. As each day goes by and we all adhere to the message, then we will reduce the probability of contact between persons carrying an infection, and others who are not infected, so as to minimize transmission. Stay safe my flickr friends. This is a archive photo taken in Largs on the west coast of Scotland in 2011 as I'm self isolating at the moment.
For a vehicular parkway.
But it is for some. From the ground below.
This is the Lin Cove Viaduct from below. The most controversial component of the Parkway.
The idea for the Blue Ridge Parkway was born when President Franklin Delano Roosevelt visited the newly constructed Skyline Drive in Virginia in 1933. Then U.S. Senator Harry Byrd of Virginia suggested to the president the road should be extended to connect with the recently established Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Roosevelt convened the governors of Virginia, North Carolina, and Tennessee and asked that a planning team be created. On November 24, 1933, Interior Secretary Harold Ickes approved this “park-to-park” highway as a public works project.
Most of the construction was done by private contractors, but a variety of New Deal public works programs were also employed, including the Works Progress Administration (WPA), the Emergency Relief Administration (ERA), and the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). When World War II began, approximately 170 miles were open to travel and another 160 miles were under construction. By the early 1950s, only half of the Blue Ridge Parkway was completed.
In the mid-1950s, the National Park Service launched a ten-year development program, called Mission 66, to mark the 50th anniversary of the agency's creation. The plan included an accelerated effort to complete construction of the Parkway by 1966. This initiative was very successful, finishing all of the Parkway’s construction with the exception of 7.7 miles at Grandfather Mountain, North Carolina. Grandfather owner, Hugh Morton, objected to the proposed construction at Grandfather, citing the fragility of the mountain’s ecology.
After years of negotiating, the revolutionary Linn Cove Viaduct – which had been constructed from the top down to protect the mountain’s terrain – opened in 1987, completing the Blue Ridge Parkway’s continuous 469-mile route.
Over 40 years from conception to completion.
As the last piece of the parkway to be completed, the Linn Cove Viaduct is a marvelous feat of engineering and environmental protection. Completed in 1983, at a cost of almost $10 million, the Linn Cove Viaduct is 1,243 feet long and contains 153 segments weighing 50 tons each. The American Society of Civil Engineers designated it a National Civil Engineering Landmark.
In order to prevent environmental damage and to allow construction to continue during severe winter weather, builders pre-cast sections indoors a few miles from the site using a process known as "match casting." Each new segment was cast against the segment preceding it.
The viaduct itself was the only access road for construction. Each pre-cast section was lowered by a stiff-leg crane and epoxied into position against the preceding segment. Steel cables threaded through the segments secured the entire bridge deck.
The viaduct was constructed from the top down to minimize disturbance to the natural environment. This method eliminated the need for a "pioneer road" and heavy equipment on the ground.
The only construction that occurred at ground level was the drilling of foundations for the seven permanent piers, on which the Viaduct rests. Exposed rock was covered to prevent staining from concrete, epoxy, or grout. Tinted with iron oxide, the concrete blends in with the existing rock outcroppings. The only trees cut were those directly beneath the superstructure.
A ribbon-cutting dedication ceremony on September 11, 1987, heralded the completion of the Parkway and the end, too, of a narrow and crooked 14-mile detour around Grandfather Mountain via the Tonahlossee Trail (U.S. 221).
The final section is not only a triumph of engineering and sensitivity to the environment; it is a joy to drive, safe but thrilling. Hugging the contours and Grandfather Mountain, the road gently curves and rolls, presenting motorists with magnificent views as it sweeps toward the sky.
Scenes of the viaduct can be seen here: www.google.com/search?q=linn+cove+viaduct&rlz=1C1CHBF...
. . . for a new school year, as they prepare for the return of thousands of students.
UC Berkeley campus, morning.
High pressure, used here, minimizes the amount of water used--roughly 1, 2 gallons per minute.
A view looking to the northwest from the Mule Ears Overlook across a desert landscape present leading up to Kit Mountain off in the distance. I used some high ground that I was on to capture an image looking across and above the desert plant-life and bringing the peaks and ridges higher into the image, while minimizing the blue skies above.
A setting looking to the southeast while taking in views across rubber rabbitbrush, big sagebrush, and other plant-life present in the South Tufa area of Mono Lake. My thinking in composing this image was to angle my Nikon SLR camera slightly downward and capture a sweeping view across the foreground with the plant-life leading up to the tufa towers and hillside beyond. The downward perspective also helped to minimize what I felt was more of a negative space with the haze from nearby wildfires in the skies above.
Mono Lake-44
Recently Blanca hurt her left front paw while lunging for a toy on the beach. Something similar had happened with the same paw about 6 months ago and every once in a while she briefly gets sore on it. This time she really hurt it and was slow to recover, and I felt it was time for the vet to investigate the issue.
The x-rays set my mind at ease: No fractures, dislocations or old injuries of any kind. There are some indications of very minor arthritis in her elbows that may or may not be bothering her.
So it's basically some kind of inflammation or tendon issue in her foot which I can learn to minimize for the future by smart management. Anti-inflammatories and joint supplements enter the picture.
I've been pampering her and as of yesterday she seems to be back to 100% and ready to chase seagulls! :)))
(Note: I did not take the camera to the vet's office, but since I had requested copies of the x-rays, I was able to make a sort of recreation of our visit. I also made sure it was okay to post the x-rays.)
Los brillos son característicos de el labelo de esta especie, no en vano su nombre científico: "Ophrys speculum".
Utilicé un paraguas gris claro como difusor de la luz. Se podría haber minimizado aun más los reflejos, pero pienso que hubiera quitado la esencia principal de la flor.
La foto está compuesta por un apilado de 30 imágenes a f2,8 con el fin de conseguir aislar el motivo del fondo. Realizado manualmente como indico en la foto anterior.
( _3120368-a-98-APIL)
The glosses are characteristic of the labellum of this species, not in vain its scientific name: "Ophrys speculum".
I used a light gray umbrella as a light diffuser. The reflections could have been minimized even more, but I think it would have taken away the main essence of the flower.
The photo is made up of a stack of 30 images at f2.8 in order to isolate the subject from the background. Made manually as indicated in the previous photo.
I got my hat on
I got my boots - dusty
Boys Don't Cry, I Wanna Be a Cowboy
While on a hike and walk along the Blackrock Summit Trail with a view looking to the southwest. This is in Shenandoah National Park. My thought on composing this image was to use the hiking trail itself as a leading line with the forest all around. As the skies were overcast, I chose to focus on the area to my front and minimize any views of the skies.
The lyrics are a portion of them are from a song from Boys Don't Cry, I Wanna Be a Cowboy.
While walking along the shores of Manzanita Lake and the namesake loop trail. The view is looking to the south-southeast across the lake waters with Lassen Peak as a distant backdrop. This is located in Lassen Volcanic National Park. In composing this image, I took advantage of the opening of trees along this section of the trail. I decided to angle my Nikon Z8 Mirrorless Camera slightly downward and bring the horizon a little higher into the image. I wanted to have Lassen Peak brought higher into the image, as I felt it would add a sense of grandeur, as well as minimizing what I felt was more of the negative space with the blue skies in the upper portion of the image.
I did some initial post-processing work making adjustments to contrast, brightness and saturation in DxO PhotoLab 8. I then exported a TIFF image to Nik Color Efex Pro 7 where I added a Polarization, Foliage, and Pro Contrast filter for that last effect on the image captured.
Most of the images I've posted recently have been from the archives. I did get a few new shots the other day though as Fay had passed us by again and was up in the panhandle. The waves were pretty good for the Gulf and the clouds were great. One can use this lens in such a way to minimize distortion, but I always like using it to maximize it. Guess that's just me, and you'll have to put up with it for a while. ;-) This might have been a better photo without the fisheye, but live and learn, as long as it's fun.
Hopefully, Mike is off being pursued by a large, romantically inclined elk and won't see this. ;-)
While walking the Endless Wall Trail with a view looking to the west and up with tall trees all around me. My thinking in composing this image was to go as wide as I could, capturing both the trees and forest to my front, while also including the tree tops caught in sunlight. It was metering that would be a little trickier to ensure I didn't blow any highlights while still being able to pull out the more shadowed areas and minimizing color cast. I found a point to set the exposure and shutter speed in that portion of the tree leaves caught both in sunlight and shadows. It wound up being that ‘mean’ exposure that I could later work with in DxO PhotoLab 4.
I didn't have to go far to get this shot, found a Blue Darner in our backyard trying to cool itself off. I had to look this up, but it displayed the obelisk position, pointing its abdomen directly to the sun, reducing the surface area exposed to solar heating. Positioning itself like this keeps it from overheating. Some dragonflies will point their wings forward and down to minimize exposure to sunlight. I learned something new, and hopefully, you did too. Photographed in Ferguson, Missouri.
Well, sort of. I had to take precautions to minimize any potential safety hazards from running the machine in ways definitely not mentioned in the manual, if not discouraged, in order to get that action shot.
The Mouth of the Columbia River's jetty system was built and is maintained mainly by the US Army Corps of Engineers. The construction of this first jetty started in 1885 and continued into 1917. It is just one part of the jetty system which consists of three rubble mound jetties that total a length of 9.7 miles. It is designed to minimize navigation channel maintenance and provide safe travel between the Pacific Ocean and the Columbia River. The region from Tillamook Bay north to Cape Scott on Vancouver Island is nicknamed the "Graveyard of the Pacific". Thousands of vessels have been endangered and lost.....somebody stop me, just put this place on your bucket list especially if you love the rugged coastline and marine history!
Canon EOS 6D - f/2.8 - 1/100sec - 100mm - ISO 100
+ some photoshop
Why didn't I read this 15 years earlier, I'm much too late now ;-)
Found this claim on the web:
Anemia is one of the most common causes of hair loss and to combat this problem you need to incorporate iron rich food in your diet. Black cherry juice is a rich source of iron and hence, regular intake of this juice can cure anemia, thereby minimizing hair loss.
Descriptive label from a 1.5 lb jar of white sand that is in my collection of props for table-taop photography.
Focus stack (18 images) Shot with single off-camer strobe (Godox AD200Pro/Godox XPro II L trigger), round head, camera right 30 degrees 45 degrees bove table aimed at 8 x 10 inch white reflector camera left, angled toward front of subject, 4 x 5 inch mirror on table surface in front of jar. Reflectors used to minimize hot-spots on label.
Shot for Macro Mondays - "ONE WORD"
subject area 25 mm (h) x 53.5 mm (w)
A setting looking to the east-southeast while taking in views across snow covered landscape in this part of Joshua Tree National Park. This is while walking along the Hidden Valley Nature Trail. In composing this image, I decided to take advantage of the way the snow help create a leading line with a plant-life as it would draw the viewer further into the image with the more distant rock formations. By angling, my Nikon SLR camera slightly downward, I also felt it helped to create a sweeping view, leading up to those rock, formations and and minimizing the more negative space with the overcast and snowing skies.
Small birds can sometimes use the horizontal strands of barbed wire as perches. This allows them to rest and survey their surroundings, making it easier to spot potential predators or food sources. Some small birds may even build their nests near or on the wire, as it can provide a relatively safe and elevated platform for nesting. Overall, while barbed wire has both benefits and drawbacks for small birds, it's essential to strike a balance between agricultural and land management needs and the protection of bird species. This can often be achieved through responsible installation and maintenance practices that minimize harm to wildlife.
In this edge-growing pedunculate oak the most vigorous branches are formed on the internal side of the trunk, which seems to be explained by avoiding (or at least minimizing the influence) cold and moist air masses from the Volga river
Photo credit: bdopekarreuche
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A longer exposed image captured of the New River and Sandstone Falls while walking the boarded walkway and bridge in that portion of the national park. The view is looking upstream and to the west-northwest. My thinking in composing this image was to center the river and waterfalls. I would use the nearby trees and more distant ridgeline and mountainside as a frame to draw the viewer into the image with the centered waterfall. Angling my Nikon SLR camera slightly downward would allow me to minimize the overcast skies above and create a more sweeping view looking to the waterfalls. I did some initial post-processing work making adjustments to contrast, brightness and saturation while playing around as I learned how to work with DxO PhotoLab 4. I then exported a TIFF image to Nik Color Efex Pro 4 where I added a Foliage and Pro Contrast filter for that last effect on the image captured.
While at the main overlook to Yosemite Falls with a view looking south and downstream of dried up Yosemite Creek. My thinking in composing the image was to have a more or less leveled up view with the forest of trees leading up to the more distant ridges and peaks on the other side of Yosemite Valley. The problem, in my mind at least, was how to meter the setting given the smoke haze present added to the brightness with the highlights and minimize losing any of them. I wanted to also ensure that I captured the more shadowed areas in the nearby forest. I chose to work with Aurora HDR Pro to better bring that complete setting in the image. I later exported a TIFF image to DxO PhotoLab 5 where I did some final adjustments with contrast, saturation and brightness for the final image.
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With the black & white image I captured at this point, I didn't have much to deal with in pulling shadowed areas back and keeping the color. Here I did and was glad I'd found a spot in some darker toned areas caught in sunlight. With that I was able to make some adjustments to the highlights with its colors and details and pull out some colors in the shadowed areas and minimize color cast.
In the end, this image was about the moon and the setting with the one rise along the ridge and cliff wall off in the distance while using some nearby rock wall and trees as a frame.
Do You Approach Nature as a Mere Observer
Seeking to capture its sights and sounds
Or do you yearn for a deeper connection,
Perhaps to find a sense of belonging?
Maybe there lies an alternative path
A connection with things wild
To lose yourself and let nature connect and resonate with the soul.
Another work of short poetry or prose to complement the image captured one morning while walking around the summit area of Cinder Cone along the namesake trail. This is located in Lassen Volcanic National Park with a view looking to the southwest and to Lassen Peak (which I had hiked the day prior). My thought in composing this image was to angle my Nikon Z8 Mirrorless Camera slightly downward and capture a sweeping view from the elevated high ground where I was situated. My intention was to convey a vista across the expansive open area in front of me, with Lassen Peak situated slightly above the image center in the distance. While I did work to minimize what I felt was the perceived negative space of the blue skies above, I found the resulting color contrast to be complementary to the earth-tones in the lower portion of the image.
This elegant heron is always a delight whenever I cross paths with one. I have found them to be very skittish so I was pleased that this one let me get as close as I did. There is a small wooded area between the road and the water and I had to get near the waters edge to clear the branches. With all the small twigs strewn among the leaf litter each step had to be chosen to minimize making any sound that would frighten him. Notice the lime-green patch between the eyes and the bill. It indicates this is a breeding adult.
TTP / Lake Ontario
It’s nice how this v tall tree helps to minimize the ugliness of this large Brutalist tower. (It’s the working part of a big theater. )
New release @ Glorious Days
This week end only 55 L$
After monday 10 AM it will be normal price
Only in the shop with the tag Glorious Days
From the Main Overlook in the Grandview section of New River Gorge National Park & Preserve with a view looking to the north-northeast. Given the recent rains that morning and the skies present, I decided to minimize those overcast skies and take advantage of the high point I was at to angle my Nikon SLR camera slightly downward and capture more sweeping view across the river gorge to the ridgeline with Backus Mountain on the other side. There wasn't much detail to capture with the low clouds, so I focused the composition and metering on the ridgeline with trees. I knew that it would be easy in post-production to pull out any colors and details present with those trees. I later worked with control points in DxO PhotoLab 4 and then made some adjustments to bring out the contrast, saturation and brightness I wanted for the final image.
BNSF 8580 leads a southbound coal train out of Monument, CO as it approaches the new'ish Baptist Road overpass.
This was my second through-the-chainlink fence shot of the day, and this one is the widest I've ever shot with a DSLR through a fence. This one was at 40mm and took some creative framing/cropping/editing to minimize the impact of the fence on the shot. It's certainly not perfect, but you can see where my Photoshop skills are lacking.
Stopping in for a short visit to Flickr. Still not participating much in order to minimize my time sitting at a computer, but still happy to be here when I can. Wishing everyone a peaceful summer despite all the challenges in our world. Whatever is happening globally we can still create harmony in our everyday lives, make thoughtful decisions that bring benefit to ourselves and others, and let the good feeling spread. Thankfully that is in our power.
The surface of the ocean is truly like a mirror reflecting the sun, clouds, and sky. This was a remarkable late summer scene. The Pacific was indeed peaceful with just a few ripples coming to shore and kelp floating lazily along its surface.
See below for a completely different mood, just a few miles away, in Spring.
The Small Purple Fringed Orchid (Platanthera psycodes) has dime-sized lavender-pink flowers that are very showy, with 20 to 125 of them clustered in a cylinder at the top of the stalk. The lip of each flower is further divided into three fringed fan-shaped segments. This orchid is pollinated by butterflies by day and moths by night. It is important to be aware of the ecological sensitivity of the location. I stay on the trails and minimize my impact on the environment at all times. I practice wildflower-friendly photo techniques only, to prevent damage to flowers and their habitat. Copyright © Kim Toews/All Rights Reserved.
© Leanne Boulton. All Rights Reserved
Street photography from Glasgow, Scotland.
Previously unpublished shot from June 2018. Shot 'blind' at arms length and I decided to keep the rotation in the shot and not to crop it out as it just suited the reflected sunlight lines so well. Enjoy!
Remember that hot surfaces can burn your pets feet if you walk them. Today the heat has created anomalies in the surface of the runways at both London Luton International Airport and RAF Brize Norton, closing both of the runways to all traffic. These extreme temperatures will become more frequent and, before too long, they will become normal. This could all be prevented. We have the technology and power to do so but, sadly, we lack the political will and the fossil fuel industry continues to pull the rug out from underneath necessary change.
There are many disturbing reports of the effect of climate change and ones that factor in our current trajectory are nothing short of apocalyptic. 50% of all species on earth extinct by 2050 is not a particularly easy modelled prediction to read. The climate is changing, destabilising and falling into feedback loops far more rapidly than scientists predicted and there are a lot of them feeling deadly pessimistic about our future. The time to act has passed already but there is still time to minimize the destruction to our home. We are already on course for massive heating that is, pardon the phrase, baked in, but drastic changes now can stave off the worst to come.
Small changes and adaptions are rapidly running out of time to work, if not already done so, so the solutions remaining are difficult but necessary complete systemic changes away from fossil fuel and away from rampant consumerism. I fear that humanity just cannot bring itself to cope with that level of change.
Stay safe my Flickr friends. Stay cool but put the pressure on world leaders to make the changes our planet needs in order to sustain the millions of species and wonders it holds.
this young Arctic Fox approached us when we were sitting on a rock in Svalbard ( Spitsbergen ), Norway.
We had been observing it from a distance while it was playing in the snow and harassing its more shy sibling.
As mentioned below the chances of surviving their first year are very slim for these beautiful canids.
Arctic Fox, also called Polar Fox, White Fox or Snow Fox
Vulpes lagopus
poolvos
renard arctique ou renard polaire
Polarfuchs, Schneefuchs oder Eisfuchs
zorro ártico o zorro polar
volpe artica
from Wikipedia:
"The Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus), also known as the white fox, polar fox, or snow fox, is a small species of fox native to the Arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere and common throughout the Arctic tundra biome. It is well adapted to living in cold environments, and is best known for its thick, warm fur that is also used as camouflage. It has a large and very fluffy tail. In the wild, most individuals do not live past their first year but some exceptional ones survive up to 11 years. Its body length ranges from 46 to 68 cm (18 to 27 in), with a generally rounded body shape to minimize the escape of body heat.
The Arctic fox preys on many small creatures such as lemmings, voles, ringed seal pups, fish, waterfowl, and seabirds. It also eats carrion, berries, seaweed, and insects and other small invertebrates. Arctic foxes form monogamous pairs during the breeding season and they stay together to raise their young in complex underground dens. Occasionally, other family members may assist in raising their young. Natural predators of the Arctic fox are golden eagles, Arctic wolves, polar bears, wolverines, red foxes, and grizzly bears.
Arctic foxes must endure a temperature difference of up to 90–100 °C (160–180 °F) between the external environment and their internal core temperature. To prevent heat loss, the Arctic fox curls up tightly tucking its legs and head under its body and behind its furry tail. This position gives the fox the smallest surface area to volume ratio and protects the least insulated areas. Arctic foxes also stay warm by getting out of the wind and residing in their dens. Although the Arctic foxes are active year-round and do not hibernate, they attempt to preserve fat by reducing their locomotor activity. They build up their fat reserves in the autumn, sometimes increasing their body weight by more than 50%. This provides greater insulation during the winter and a source of energy when food is scarce.
In the spring, the Arctic fox's attention switches to reproduction and a home for their potential offspring. They live in large dens in frost-free, slightly raised ground. These are complex systems of tunnels covering as much as 1,000 m2 (11,000 sq ft) and are often in eskers, long ridges of sedimentary material deposited in formerly glaciated regions. These dens may be in existence for many decades and are used by many generations of foxes. "
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