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This week in 1986, space shuttle Columbia, mission STS-61C, launched from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center. The STS-61C mission successfully deployed the SATCOM KU-I satellite, which was attached to the Payload Assist Module-D2. Other payloads included Materials Science Laboratory-2, the infrared Imaging Experiment and Hand-held Protein Crystal Growth experiment. Today, the Payload Operations Integration Center at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center serves as “science central” for the International Space Station, working 24/7, 365 days a year in support of the orbiting laboratory’s science experiments. The NASA History Program is responsible for generating, disseminating and preserving NASA’s remarkable history and providing a comprehensive understanding of the institutional, cultural, social, political, economic, technological and scientific aspects of NASA’s activities in aeronautics and space. For more pictures like this one and to connect to NASA’s history, visit the Marshall History Program’s webpage.
Image credit: NASA
Image shows Gallium Microsphere grown by MOCVD (metalorganic chemical vapor deposition) with a fractal type deposit, possibly a carbon nanomembrane, on its surface. Part of the structure takes a conical shape, connecting the particle to the substrate.
Courtesy of Dr. Marco Antonio Sacilotti (UFPE/DF) who is co-author of the image and responsible for this scientific research.
Courtesy of Mr. FRANCISCO RANGEL , MCTI/INT
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 45,000x
Horizontal Field Width: 6.63 µm
Voltage: 30 kV
Spot: 1.5
Working Distance: 11.1
Detector: ETD
The image shows three guitar strings, one of which is broken. The nickel coils are wrapped around a steel core, the size of which affects the tome of the string.
Courtesy of Mrs. Miranda Waldron , University of Cape Town
Image Details
Instrument used: Nova NanoSEM
Magnification: 200x
Horizontal Field Width: 0.5mm
Voltage: 2kv
Spot: 2
Working Distance: 5mm
Detector: SE
The image is a crystal of ZnO.
Courtesy of Mrs. Rachel Cunha , INT
Image Details
Instrument used: Inspect
Magnification: 3000x
Horizontal Field Width: 85.3 μm
Vacuum: 1.43 e^(-4) Pa
Voltage: 30.00 kV
Spot: 5.0
Working Distance: 9.8 mm
Detector: SE
Zinc Oxide.
Courtesy of Mr. FRANCISCO RANGEL , MCTI/INT
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 4,831
Horizontal Field Width: 74.6
Voltage: 20 kV
Spot: 3.0
Working Distance: 17.5
Detector: Mix: SE plus BSE.
Microstructures grown by MOCVD (metalorganic chemical vapour deposition).
Courtesy of Dr. Marco Antonio Sacilotti who is co-author of the image and responsible for this scientific research.
Courtesy of Mr. FRANCISCO RANGEL , MCTI/INT
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 5,000x
Horizontal Field Width: 59.7 µm
Vacuum: 120 Pa
Voltage: 20 kV
Working Distance: 12
Detector: LFD
Research developed by Catalysis and Chemical Processes Division - DCAP / INT.
Courtesy of Mr. FRANCISCO RANGEL , MCTI/INT
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 2,000x
Horizontal Field Width: 149 µm
Voltage: 20 kV
Spot: 4.0
Working Distance: 33
Detector: Mix: SE plus BSE
In fact, it is iron oxide. Oxide layer formed on the surface of a steel X70.
Courtesy of Mr. FRANCISCO RANGEL , MCTI/INT
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 5,000x
Horizontal Field Width: 59.7 µm
Vacuum: 70 Pa
Voltage: 20 kV
Spot: 3.0
Working Distance: 14.9
Detector: Mix: SE plus BSE.
Carbon fiber or carbon fibre (alternatively CF, graphite fiber or graphite fibre) is a material consisting of fibers about 5–10 micrometres in diameter and composed mostly of carbon atoms.
To produce carbon fiber, the carbon atoms are bonded together in crystals that are more or less aligned parallel to the long axis of the fiber as the crystal alignment gives the fiber high strength-to-volume ratio (making it strong for its size). Several thousand carbon fibers are bundled together to form a tow, which may be used by itself or woven into a fabric.
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Images in this gallery were captured by:
Mark Smith M.S. Geoscientist mark@macroscopicsolutions.com
Annette Evans Ph.D. Student at the University of Connecticut annette@macroscopicsolutions.com
This is a crystal of cysteine produced by drying a high-concentrate solution of cysteine on a silicon nitrite substrate.
Courtesy of Mr. Andrea Jacassi , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
Image Details
Instrument used: Helios NanoLab
Magnification: 3998x
Horizontal Field Width: 37.3 um
Voltage: 5kV
Working Distance: 5.4mm
Aerators should be regularly kept cleaned or replaced.
The mesh in the aerator can collect lead debris, and then leach this toxic metal into the water passing through it.
Aerators cap the ends of most drinking-water faucets. In some cases, they’re used to conserve water by reducing a faucet’s maximum flow rate; in others their primary function is to concentrate the flow of water so that it delivers more pressure and cleaning power. But these little metal cages also collect debris. Including lead. And unless you’re regularly cleaning out those aerators, you might be developing a toxic mini gravel field through which your drinking water must pass before reaching your glass or coffee pot.
Indeed, one lead poisoning case in North Carolina involved a child (see link below):
www.dcwater.com/waterquality/faqs.cfm
Courtesy of Mr. FRANCISCO RANGEL , MCTI/INT
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 50x
Horizontal Field Width: 5.97 mm
Vacuum: 90 Pa
Voltage: 20 kV
Spot: 3.0
Working Distance: 15.2
Detector: Mix: SE plus BSE
Image of a dentine sample acquired using a scanning electron microscope. It shows the dentinal tubules viewed after demineralization using etching with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds and 10% sodium hypochlorite for 1 minute. The colors were obtained by mixing the signals of secondary and backscattered electrons. The mixing is performed using the software FEI Company.
Courtesy of Mr. FRANCISCO RANGEL , MCTI/INT
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Horizontal Field Width: 29.8 µm
Voltage: 10 kV
Working Distance: 11
Detector: Mix: SE plus BSE.
Zinc Oxide.
Courtesy of Mr. FRANCISCO RANGEL , MCTI/INT
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 2,872x
Horizontal Field Width: 104 µm
Vacuum: 70 Pa
Voltage: 20 kV
Spot: 3.5
Working Distance: 26.4
Detector: Mix: SE plus BSE.
Inter-growth crystals of zinc oxide
Courtesy of Dr. Alexander Kulak , School of Chemistry, University of Leeds
Image Details
Instrument used: Nova NanoSEM
The image shows the inside of the chamber of a Helios NanoLab 650. Beside the two columns the EasyLift manipulator, two single GISs, the EDS detector, the chamber camera and the different detectors are visible. The photo was taken for educational purpose to show the students were the different parts of the FEI DualBeam system are located.
Courtesy of Dr. Thomas Loeber , TU Kaiserslautern NSC
Image Details
Instrument used: Helios NanoLab
Salt precipitate
Courtesy of Mrs. DUYGU OGUZ KILIC , Izmir Institute of Technology- Center for Materials Research
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 1000x
Vacuum: 2.97e-3 Pa
Voltage: 5 kV
Spot: 3
Working Distance: 10.3
Detector: SE
Hydroxyapatite is a form of calcium phosphate that has a large number of applications such as bone implants, and drug delivery systems. For each application, the use of calcium based materials is optimized by specifying their geometry, dimension, density, pore size, mechanical strength, purity, and chemical phase.
Courtesy of Mr. FRANCISCO RANGEL , MCTI/INT
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 3,000x
Horizontal Field Width: 99.5 μm
Vacuum: 130 Pa
Voltage: 20 kV
Spot: 4.0
Working Distance: 16.6
Detector: Mix: SE plus BSE.
Powder metal-based samples are studied with SEM and EDX.
Courtesy of Mrs. DUYGU OGUZ KILIC , Izmir Institute of Technology- Center for Materials Research
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 2500
Vacuum: 5.49e-4 Pa
Voltage: 15 kV
Spot: 3
Working Distance: 8.4
Detector: SE
Titanium alloys form the most versatile group of metallic materials used as biomaterials. They are widely used as implant materials in dentistry and orthopedic surgery.
Courtesy of Mr. FRANCISCO RANGEL , MCTI/INT
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 10,000 x
Horizontal Field Width: 29.8 µm
Vacuum: 80 Pa
Voltage: 20 kV
Spot: 3.0
Working Distance: 10 mm
Detector: Mix: SE plus BSE
This image shows a solidified droplet of iron sitting atop an alumina substrate. This was the result of a study into the co-siterability of these two materials in efforts to improve their wetting characteristics. The textured surface of the droplet is believed to be to result of very fine grain growth of the metal during its rapid cooling.
Courtesy of Mr. Ezra Feilden , Imperial College London
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 5000x
Horizontal Field Width: 50 um
Voltage: 20 kV
Detector: SE
Flakes of raw vermiculite concentrate are micaceous in appearance and contain interlayer water in their structure. When the flakes are heated rapidly at a temperature above 870° C, the water flashes into steam, and the flakes expand into accordion like particles. This process is called exfoliation, or expansion, and the resulting lightweight material is chemically inert, fire resistant, and odorless. In lightweight plaster and concrete, vermiculite provides good thermal insulation. Vermiculite can absorb such liquids as fertilizers, herbicides, and insecticides, which can then be transported as free-flowing solids.
Courtesy of Mr. FRANCISCO RANGEL , MCTI/INT
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 126x
Horizontal Field Width: 2.37 mm
Vacuum: 120 Pa
Voltage: 10 kV
Spot: 3.0
Working Distance: 16.4
Detector: Mix: SE plus BSE.
Nanoplankton from the north Pacific Ocean
Courtesy of Mr. Marcos Rosado , Institut Catala de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 12500x
Detector: SE
Pore in an TiNb alloy.
Courtesy of Mr. FRANCISCO RANGEL , MCTI/INT
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 20,000x
Horizontal Field Width: 14.9 µm
Vacuum: 7.19e-4 Pa
Voltage: 20 kV
Spot: 3.5
Working Distance: 15.4
Detector: Mix: SE plus BSE.
Investigation of the morphology and composition of an oxide layer formed on the surface of a steel X70 . Research conducted by the technologist Thais Mansur (Division of Corrosion / INT / MCTI ).
Courtesy of Mr. FRANCISCO RANGEL
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 2000x
Horizontal Field Width: 149 µm
Vacuum: 70 Pa
Voltage: 10 kV
Spot: 3.0
Working Distance: 15.0
Detector: SE PLUS BSE
Making of Gold nanoparticle in free standing polymer matrix is most interesting feature in research field.
Courtesy of Mr. Durga Prasad Muvva , The Centre for Nanotechnology, University of Hyderabad
Image Details
Instrument used: Tecnai
Magnification: 19500x
Horizontal Field Width: 2.00um
Voltage: 200 k V
Spot: 1
Working Distance: 3
Hydrothermally synthesized BaFeSi4O10 crystals of varying sizes. We are interested in the hydrothermal chemistry of BaFeSi4O10 both for the insights this method can provide into the geological formation of gillespite (the mineral form of BaFeSi4O1O) and as a potential route for making novel hybrid materials with other metals.
Courtesy of Dr. Eric Formo , UGA
Image Details
Instrument used: Teneo
The pictured shows a electronic sensors made of tin oxide nanowires grown on gold nanoparticles in monocrystalline silicon substrate.
The "electronic nose" sensors based on semiconductor oxides gases are an industrial reality, and the subject of many investigations regarding new materials and sensor technology, data processing, interpretation and validation of results.
It is a non-destructive technique used to characterize odorants in various applications related to quality of life, such as food control, the quality of the environment, public safety or clinical diagnosis.
Courtesy of Dr. Maria Carbajo , UNIVERSIDAD DE EXTREMADURA
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta 3D
Magnification: 20000x
Horizontal Field Width: 13μm
Voltage: 30kV
Spot: 5.0
Working Distance: 7.0mm
Detector: SE
PNNL researchers saw for the first time a phenomenon that was theorized more than 20 years ago. Shown here is a PNNL illustration of the phenomenon, “solvent cavitation under solvo-phobic confinement,” which PNNL researchers saw occur with carbon-rich nanorods they mistakenly created. PNNL’s viewing of the phenomenon involved liquid spontaneously evaporating after being confined within tiny spaces in between touching nanorods. Image from S. Nune et al, Nature Nanotechnology, 2016.
Terms of Use: Our images are freely and publicly available for use with the credit line, "Courtesy of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory." Please use provided caption information for use in appropriate context.
The image above shows graphene, it has been acquired using an ultra low voltage electron beam (200V). This low energy electron beam allows us to see the real graphene surface. When adding false color to the image it looks like the martian surface.
Courtesy of Mr. Marcos Rosado , Institut Catala de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia
Image Details
Instrument used: Magellan
Magnification: 100.000
Voltage: 200 V
Working Distance: 2 mm
Detector: TLD
The 3D-nanoprinting capabilites of the FEBID technique (Focused Electron Beam Induced Deposition) is unique as nanostructures can be fabricated even on non-flat surfaces as demonstrated in this very challenging substrate.
The towers (Platinum-Carbon structures with branch thickness of about 80 nm; 1 hexagonal and 6 squared with a side length of 500 nm) are written in a one step process from the top, for imaging the substrate was tilted. The “flames” in the background are aurichalcite crystals, which were found only a few miles away from our institute.
Courtesy of Mr. Robert Winkler , Graz, centre for electron microscopy
Image Details
Instrument used: Other DualBeam (Altura, Expida, etc.)
Magnification: 10000x
Horizontal Field Width: 19.5 µm
Vacuum: 1*E-6mbar
Voltage: 10 kV
Working Distance: 6 mm
Detector: ETD
ZnO microparticles obtained by hydrothermal synthesis using microwave heating.
Courtesy of Mr. FRANCISCO RANGEL
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 33,000x
Horizontal Field Width: 9.04 μm
Voltage: 30 kV
Spot: 1.5
Working Distance: 9.8
Detector: MIX: SE plus BSE
The image corresponds to the malted barley used in the elaboration of a craft beer. Plant cell structure can be observed.
Courtesy of Dr. Maria Carbajo , UNIVERSIDAD DE EXTREMADURA
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta 3D
Magnification: 2000x
Horizontal Field Width: 149 μm
Voltage: 15kV
Spot: 5.0
Working Distance: 10 mm
Detector: SE
The image, which might resemble an open sky mine, shows the morphology of a crystal of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 or CIGSe. CIGSe is a semiconductor material used in the manufacture of thin film solar cells. Due to its unique physical properties, the semiconductors are indispensable materials for the development and advancement of the electronic and technology. (Authors: Isidoro Poveda Barriga, Enrique Rodríguez Cañas, Eberhardt Josué Friedrich).
Courtesy of Dr. Eberhardt Josue Friedrich Kernahan
Image Details
Instrument used: Other SEM (XL SEM, Sirion, etc.)
Magnification: 2500x
Voltage: 15 kV
Spot: 3.0
Working Distance: 6.0
Detector: SE
This image represents an edge of a silicon wafer after a KOH wet etching.
Courtesy of Mr. Andrea Jacassi , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
Image Details
Instrument used: Helios NanoLab
Magnification: 304x
Horizontal Field Width: 491 um
Voltage: 30kV
Working Distance: 4.5
Detector: ICE
metal based surface coating materials
Courtesy of Mrs. DUYGU OGUZ KILIC , Izmir Institute of Technology- Center for Materials Research
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 65000
Vacuum: 5.87e-4 pa
Voltage: 15 kV
Spot: 3
Working Distance: 8.4
Detector: SE
Gold on carbon, pattern commonly used for high resolution imaging large field of view and ion beam tests.
Courtesy of Dr. Maria Carbajo , UNIVERSIDAD DE EXTREMADURA
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta 3D
Magnification: 30000
Horizontal Field Width: 10μm
Voltage: 30kV
Spot: 5.5
Detector: SE
Diatom
Courtesy of Mrs. DUYGU OGUZ KILIC , Izmir Institute of Technology- Center for Materials Research
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 25000x
Horizontal Field Width: 16.6 μm
Vacuum: 4.48 e-4 Pa
Voltage: 5 kV
Spot: 3
Working Distance: 7.6 mm
Detector: SE
Rose petal in its natural/live state, using wet SEM imaging mode on the Quanta 650 FEG system.
Courtesy of Mr. Marcos Rosado , Institut Catala de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 1200x
Vacuum: 700 Pa
Voltage: 30 kV
Spot: 4.0
Detector: GSED
I'm a material scientist working usually with different types of composites, metallic, ceramic etc materials. I'm interested generally in the morphology of different powders and bulk materials. Besides by daily work I'm also interested and fascinated about life science and every time when I have some free time i'm studying different "samples". It's a sort of hobby. In the image a part of an nocturnal moth antennae might be seen which I've caught on the screen while studding a beautiful specimen.
Courtesy of Dr. Iosif Hulka , Politehnica University Timisoara
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 4000x
Horizontal Field Width: 104
Spot: 4.5
Working Distance: 8.1
Detector: SE
(A little something from work.)
Backscattered Electron Image taken with a Scanning Electron Microscope
Sample was mounted and polished
If you look at a metal, you find that it has grains like wood. It can also have different phases like concrete. In this case, the dark material is elemental Cr, the medium gray material is Cu and the lightest material is an alloy of Cu and Zr. During solidification, the Cr solidified first as dendrites that look like pine trees. Next was the pure Cu and finally the Cu-Zr phase immediately thereafter. cutting a plane through the 3D structure results in an image like this.
Activated carbon is a porous carbon material that has a high adsorption capacity. This is conferred by its structural and surface properties which, in turn, depend on the starting material and the method followed in its preparation. This image shows the porous structure of an activated carbon prepared from agricultural residues.
Courtesy of Dr. Maria Carbajo , UNIVERSIDAD DE EXTREMADURA
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta 3D
Magnification: 7500x
Horizontal Field Width: 20 μm
Voltage: 5 kV
Spot: 5.5
Working Distance: 8,6 mm
Detector: SE
Machine-made paper displays a property known as grain, or machine direction, which affects origami folding in many different ways. Read my full blog post at origami.kosmulski.org/blog/2021-10-31-paper-grain-in-origami to find out more.
Transmission Electron Microscope image of mosquito wing.
Courtesy of Mr. Durga Prasad Muvva , UGC-Networking Resource Centre, School of Chemistry and The Centre for Nanotechnology, University of Hyderabad
Image Details
Instrument used: Tecnai
Magnification: 9900x
Voltage: 200 kV
Spot: 1
Working Distance: 3
Female hair fiber.
Courtesy of Mr. FRANCISCO RANGEL
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 2,500X
Horizontal Field Width: 19.9 μm
Vacuum: 3.98e-3 Pa
Voltage: 10 kV
Spot: 4.4
Working Distance: 14.9
Detector: MIX: SE plus BSE
A graphene / polypyrrole nanocomposite corrosion resistant coating after a corrosion test. As can be seen from the image, there coating remained intact and the evil corrosive salts have been completely blocked from reaching the metal substrate. The image was taken by using secondary electrons during the development of a novel corrosion resistant coating that was based on graphene.
Related paper: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2014.12.024
Promotional video: youtu.be/D3CVN48B_zQ
Courtesy of Mr. Maido Merisalu , University of Tartu
Image Details
Instrument used: Helios NanoLab
Detector: SE
The image presents an edge of gold nanoparticle "sponge" (blue) on the surface of ITO (yellow). This sponges can be used for multiple-use substrates in Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS), as well as a stable and cheap standard sample for a high-resolution electron microscopy.
Courtesy of Mr. Evgeny Smirnov , EPFL
Image Details
Instrument used: Teneo
Magnification: 100,000x
Horizontal Field Width: 4.41μm
Voltage: 5 kV
Working Distance: 4.9
Detector: SE (ETD)
Interior view of a semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) chip with micro-structure-surface passivation film.
The cross-section was performed using focused ion beam (FIB).
Courtesy of Dr. Maria Carbajo , UNIVERSIDAD DE EXTREMADURA
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta 3D
Magnification: 20000x
Horizontal Field Width: 14 μm
Voltage: 10 kV
Spot: 6.0
Working Distance: 10.7 mm
Detector: SE
To remove polishing residues requires perseverance from the experimenter. Organic residues of solvent droplets formed the hills. The polishing "battle" will continue until no artefacts shell obscure the metallurgical texture.
Courtesy of Mr. Ádám Vida , Eötvös University
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta 3D
Magnification: 100x
Horizontal Field Width: 1.492 mm
Vacuum: 0.000574172 Pa
Voltage: 20 kV
Spot: 1.0 (Analytical)
Working Distance: 10 mm
Detector: SE
ZnO has large exciton binding energy of about 60 meV so they can be used
as transparent electrodes in displays and metal oxide
semiconductor in optoelectronic devices. ZnO also is an attractive
piezoelectric materials mainly used in surface accuostic waves
components and piezoelectric devices.
Courtesy of Mrs. Seydanur Kaya , Kastamonu University
Image Details
Instrument used: Quanta SEM
Magnification: 40000x
Horizontal Field Width: 5μm
Vacuum: 3,50-e4Pa
Voltage: 20kV
Spot: 2,5
Working Distance: 10.8
Detector: SE