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Historic Stewart Farm
13723 Crescent Road
Surrey, BC V3S 5H8
2015.05.21
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DESCRIPTION OF HISTORIC PLACE
Stewart Farm comprises a two storey wood-frame farmhouse with a deep veranda on the south and east sides, surrounded by seven associated farm buildings: root cellar, wood shed, pole barn, bunkhouse, machine shed, threshing machine shed and garage. The complex now forms part of Elgin Heritage Park.
HERITAGE VALUE
The heritage value of the Stewart Farm lies in its interpretive value, as the only intact farm complex from the late nineteenth century remaining in Surrey. Stewart Farm provides a valuable illustration of pioneer life and demonstrates important aspects of Surrey's agricultural heritage to the public. Originally a two storey log structure was located just to the north of the existing farmhouse. The success of the farm operations allowed for the construction of a new farmhouse in 1894 and the earliest outbuildings the following year. The large and elaborate farmhouse and the surrounding buildings demonstrate both the wealth and way of life that could accompany a farming livelihood in the late 1800s. The farmhouse is a good example of the Queen Anne Revival style, which was popular at the time of its construction. The farmhouse is furnished as it would have been at the turn of the century, demonstrating a typical farming lifestyle.
The outbuildings are significant in demonstrating the functions of a traditional farm. The root cellar, built into the ground and conveniently close to the house, was used for storing perishable produce through the winter and illustrates the lack of refrigeration in the late nineteenth century. The large open woodshed demonstrates the need for self sufficiency in fuel. The necessity for a bunkhouse for farm labourers points to the labour-intensive nature of farming, even though the farm boasted a threshing machine and other machinery. The garage was likely a later addition to the site in the 1920s, when John Stewart owned a Model T truck. The pole barn is one of the oldest and largest remaining barns of this type in the region. It is framed with minimally worked peeled logs, plank walls, board floors and a hand-split cedar shake roof. The raised midstorey allows a fully loaded hay wagon to enter.
Stewart Farm is important for its association with John Stewart, who was active in social and municipal affairs. John Stewart came to the area in 1880 and served on the Municipal Council for a number of terms in the 1880s and 1890s. He made a substantial contribution to farming in the area by leading in the construction of dykes to drain the low lying land of Mud Bay. The Stewart family ran a successful hay farm operation at this location for six decades, which was then owned by the Ward family from 1944 until the City of Surrey purchased the farm in 1984.
The location of the Stewart Farm, on the banks of the Nicomekl River, is a demonstration of the importance of water transportation to the development of the area. The river is tidal and sternwheeler boats originally travelled up the river to collect produce from the local farms. In the 1950-1970s era, the Ward family created a small boat launching marina and boat repair area. The wharf, boat moorage and launching ramp for non-motorized vessels have now been reconstructed.
The municipal ownership and restoration of this site demonstrates the commitment of the City of Surrey in preserving and interpreting its built and natural heritage. The main restoration works took place between 1987-93: the farmhouse was restored and adapted to museum use in 1988-89; the Machine Shed was renovated and adapted for re-use as public washrooms in 1986; the Threshing Shed and Bunkhouse were restored and adapted for exhibition and public programming use in 1987-1988; the Pole Barn was restored for exhibition purposes in 1990-91; the orchard landscape was recreated in 1994 from heirloom specimens typical of the 1880s and sourced from several heritage orchards of the Fraser Valley; and the kitchen garden has been replanted.
Source: Heritage Planning Files, City of Surrey
CHARACTER-DEFINING ELEMENTS
Key elements that define the heritage character of the Stewart Farm include its:
- proximity to the banks of the Nicomekl River;
- spatial arrangement of all eight buildings;
- form, scale and massing of each individual building;
- exterior elements of the farmhouse such as the veranda with its lathe-turned columns and decorative brackets, turned finials at the gable peaks, the bay windows on the first floor, double-hung 1-over-1 wood-sash windows, and cedar shingle roof cladding;
- interior elements of the farmhouse such as fir floors, pocket doors, turned newel posts, leaded windows, and panelled entry doors typical of the later nineteenth century;
- structural and finishing elements of the pole barn, such as the peeled log frame, plank siding, board floors and hand-split cedar barn shake roof cladding;
- vernacular characteristics of the remaining outbuildings; and
- a small wharf, boat moorage and launching ramp for non-motorized vessels reflecting the former commercial use of the river.
Source: historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=2590&...
Sir Thomas Conway 1606 once together lies apart from 1st wife Dorothy c1590 on either side of the altar, (perhaps for the best - read on)
Thomas, a gentleman usher to Elizabeth l was given the lease of Southrop manor c1586
He m1 Dorothy ..........
He m2 Elizabeth daughter of Edmund Kingston of Quenington & Miserden (illegitimate son of Anthony Kingston 1556) with whom he had already had 4 children (Elizabeth was probably the aunt of William Kingston of Miserden www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/8184827516/ )
1. Edmund (of Calshott)
2. William
3. Joyce
4. Mary
He also had a "base son" Thomas Conway alias Penny .
1586- an Indenture of lease under the same Seal from the Queen to Thomas Conway Esq. one of her gentlemen ushers, demising to him the premises (of Southrop Manor) on the expiration of the Bishop (of Winchester) 's term for 31 years at the same rent.
1587 - Deed indented whereby Thomas Conway, after reciting the lease to the Bishop of Winchester and that he now possesses all the Bishop's interest therein, and then the lease to himself, assigns to Sir Thomas Throckmorton of Tortworth, Glouc. Knt. www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/3325043239/ and Thomas Parker of Northleach gent. both leases and all his interest therein upon trust for himself and his assigns during his life, then for Elizabeth Kingston one of the daughters of Edmund Kingston of Quenington Glouc. Esq. during her life if she keep herself sole and unmarried (if she marry, to have a rent charge of £20), afterwards to Edmund then to William and then to Joyce and Mary sons and daughters of the said Elizabeth successively,providing for the grant of certain copyholds named to the said children and to Thomas Conway alias Penny his base son; and afterwards gives directions for the disposal of £200 (now in the hands of Sir Thomas Throckmorton for the use of Dorathie, Conway's present wife) after his wife's death.
1604 - Indenture of assignment from Sir Thomas Conwaye of Southrop Knt. to Sir Henry Poole of Saperton Glouc. Knt. and Edmund Kingston of Miserden Glouc. Esq. of his interest and estate in Southrop upon trust for himself during his life and afterwards to dispose of it according to the directions of his will.
1606 - Counterpart of lease from Sir Henry Poole and Edmund Kingston of Hasell House in the parish of Bysseley Glouc. Esq. and Dame Elizabeth Conwaye widow of Sir Thomas demising to Thomas Elborose of Barnseley Glouc. Smith and John Elborose his son for £5 received a "tenment and house having sometime been used for a Church house" with a garden etc. and four acres of arable with feeding on the downs for two beasts, for 21 years from All Saints' day last past at 10/- rent.
1607 - Deed indented whereby Sir Henry Poole, Edmund Kingston Esq. Dame Elizabeth Conwaye, and Edmond Conway of Cawshot (Calshot) Castle in the county of Southampton gent. natural son of Sir Thomas, after reciting the lease of Queen Elizabeth for 31 years, 61/A2, and that all the interest therein now belongs to them or some of them, assign the same to Dame Elianor Barkley widow of Sir Richard Barkley Knight for £1100 received.
ww3.gloucestershire.gov.uk/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqIni=DServ...
Plaintiff: Keeble, Henry, Robert Keeble, Edmund Keeble, and others. Defendant: Thomas Conway, Elizabeth Knighton, and others. Place or Subject: Southrop and East Leach-Martin: Forcible disputes as to enclosure of common. County: Glos
17/11/1558-24/03/1603 - National Archives at Kew. discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/details?Uri=C3...
GabrielOspelt LIE competes in the Men’s Monobob competition at the Lillehammer Olympic Sliding Centre during the Winter Youth Olympic Games, Lillehammer, Norway, 20 February 2016. Photo: Jed Leicester for YIS/IOC Handout image supplied by YIS/IOC
Lying around 180 km from Dalanzadgad, the dunes of Khongor is known as the «singing sands» and when the wind blows over the dunes it makes strange sound like the high-pitched tone of an aeroplane engine about to take off or land. These dunes are largest accumulation of sand in the Gobi Gurvan Saikhan National Park, covering 965 km². They rise abruptly from the plain reaching a height of 800 m and extend over 6-12 km wide by extending for 150 km long. The spectacular dunes are bordered by lush green vegetation supported by a small river Khongoriin gol, which is fed by underground sources from surrounding mountains. Swept into constantly varying shapes by the wind, parts of their attraction is the impressive colors that the yellow-white sands take on with the changing light of day.
Known to be one of the harshest anvironments on the planet, with extreme temperature and seasonal changes, the Gobi is surprisingly full of wildlife, such as gazelle, wild ass or hulan, wild camel or havtgai, antelopes and the endangered Gobi bear or mazaalai. The Gobi Desert was the site of some of the most famous dinosaur fossil discoveries, including the world’s first dinosaur egg nests, some of which can be seen in Ulaanbaatar’s Natural History Museum. The majority of Mongolia’s population of Bactrain camels lives in this region.
Khongor Sand Dunes stretch for an extraordinary 180km and are 15-20m wide and high. The dunes lie on the northern part of the mountains of Sevree and Zuulun. The sound produced by masses of sand moving in the wind can be heard from afar. This is why the dunes have been given the name ‘The Singing Sands’ or ‘Duut Manhan’. Near the Khongor Gol at the northern edge of the sand dunes is an oasis.
These horses started off the morning grazing on lush grass near a small stream, so I followed to take a few pictures. Something about the interplay between the rich browns of their coats and the desert sands fascinated me.
This High Dynamic Range 360° panorama was stitched from 48 bracketed photographs with PTGUI Pro, tone-mapped with Photomatix, and touched up in Aperture.
Original size: 18228 × 9115 (166.1 MP; 162.98 MB).
Location: Gobi Gurvan Saikhan National Park, South Gobi Aymag, Mongolia
Just gonna stand there
And watch me burn
But that's alright
Because I like
The way it hurts
Just gonna stand there
And hear me cry
But that's alright
Because I love
The way you lie
I love the way you lie
This is the young male rhinoceros who was only a few days old, lying in the enclosure (under the supervision of his mother).
Title Translation: Cycling to Lier
A view with a long lens along the meandering dykes that confine the river Nete south of Lier. The church spire in the background belongs to the Sint-Gummaruskerk, one of Lier's most recognisable landmarks.
Dime que no me deseas, dime que ya no te gusto, o mejor todavÃa, que ya no me quieres. ¡Vamos! ¡Mienteme! DÃmelo a la cara y mirame a los ojos, noto como tu mirada se humedece, tus palabras se traban, tus manos tiemblan.
Inside Lied Lodge adjacent to Arbor Lodge State Park in Nebraska City, NE, home of historic Arbor Lodge and Arbor Day--where the Arbor Day holiday in the U.S. originated in 1872.
Some friends are involved with a young Christian dance company who are putting on a wonderful dance performance called "The Masked Lie". Worth going to see if you're in the area (link below). I did some photography from the dress rehearsal and I'll be trickling out the shots from it. Here are some teasers.
Facebook: www.facebook.com/events/578038158940508/
Bhavnagar- Bhavnagar lies in the southeast corner of the peninsular region of Gujarat known as Kathiawad or Saurashtra. Once the capital of a princely state, Bhavnagar is home to several lakes and temples.
Problems with uploading today! Photos obviously not being seen - no views. Flickr is apparently working to fix the upload issue.
Wednesday, 10 June 2020: our temperature around 2:00 pm is 20C (windchill 20C). Sunrise is at 5:21 am, and sunset is at 9:50 pm. Sun and cloud.
Yesterday, 9 June 2020, I drove SE of the city to the Frank Lake area. Though the gate has been open for a while, the water level is higher than I have ever seen it in years. Really not worth the drive at the moment, as the blind is boarded up to prevent people going in there while social-distancing is in effect. The boardwalk is totally under water and the blind looks like it is floating out in a lake. I stayed on the road, rather than walk across the grass to get closer - had visions of suddenly sinking down into flooded grass. Presumably the water level of the whole area will eventually lower. The only photos I took was when I was driving along the gravel road.
I did see one interesting thing along the gravel road - a Brown-headed Cowbird doing a head-down display. This was something I had never seen before and I was totally unaware that Brown-headed Cowbirds have this behaviour. Many times, I have seen several of these highly gregarious birds sitting together on a fence railing, with their heads all pointing upwards at the exact same angle. When I first saw this bird, it had its back to me and it was lying flat on a rock. It looked iridescent and reminded me a little of a Tree Swallow. Then it stood up and eventually put its head down and spread its wings. There were several other Cowbirds flying around. Nice to learn something new!
After checking out the blind area from my car, I drove around the lake, finding just a handful of birds to photograph. Nothing unusual, but I enjoyed seeing and photographing 'anything' right now : ) From there, I drove north and out on to the main highway back to the city.
The weather was absolutely gorgeous - blue sky with masses of white clouds. Pretty windy, but I was in my car most of the time, so it didn't matter.
Huis 'Den Blaesbalck' staat aan de Werf in Lier. Het monumentale herenhuis dateert uit 1862. De bepleisterde en beschilderde lijstgevel rust op een arduinen sokkel. Uiterst links bevindt zich een witgeschilderd, plaasteren O.-L.-Vrouwebeeld met kind, vermoedelijk uit 1930. In 1992 werd het pand beschermd als monument.
Foto: Tijl Vereenooghe
Grunnskolelærerstudenten Henrik Arne Lie er nå inne i sitt fjerde studieår ved Høgskolen i Østfold. Les mer om han her: www.hiof.no/studier/bli-en-av-oss/hvorfor-hiof/foler-seg-...
They like to lie and relax on it, because it overhangs the whole enclosure. The light was also nice at this instant.
Taken at the zoo of Basel.
In an idyllic setting,entombed are early settlers and warriors of England and a proud Maori race.It is so lovely to see that in this colonial graveyard that both adversaries are held in great respect.Situated in the township of Russell in the Bay of Islands ,New Zealand.
The Karlsruhe castle is the center of the Karlsruhe fan. It was built in 1715-1718 by order of Margrave Karl Wilhelm of Baden-Durlach and was until 1918 Royal Palace of each reigning sovereign (Margrave, later Grand Duke of Baden).
General
Before the castle lies the Palace Square. Directly behind the castle begins the castle garden. The castle along with court and garden does not belong to the city of Karlsruhe, but the state of Baden-Württemberg. It houses the Badische State Museum and the castle café.
From the castle tower you can enjoy a very good view into the Karlsruhe fan. To experience this, though, 158 steps in the castle tower have got to overcome.
In October 2013, the castle for a comprehensive facade and roof renovation was completely scaffolded. The state invests four million euros in the measures. The scaffolds are likely to be dismantled in March 2015 and thus before the extensive celebrations of the 300th anniversary of the city. In addition to optical measures thereby porous sandstone and rotten wood must be replaced. The previous facade renovation took place in 1988.
History
Original construction in 1715
Architect of built 1715-1718 castle was the engineer lieutenant Jakob Friedrich von Batzendorf, construction manager was Heinrich Schwartz from Hamburg. The outer walls as well as the castle tower, which constituted a novelty at that time, were built of stone, the interior design was built for reasons of cost of wood. The western wing was, also for reasons of cost, originally shorter than the eastern wing which also contained a ballroom, an opera house and a chapel.
Renovation and reconstruction from 1750
From 1750, the castle had got to be thoroughly overhauled because it was originally built with poor building materials. In the period 1752-1785 it was according to repeatedly revised plans by Balthasar Neumann of Albrecht Friedrich von Kesslau (around 1728-1788), the then Planning Director at Baden Court, and his successor Wilhelm Jeremias Müller in the Baroque style completely rebuilt of stone. in doing so, the castle itself has been changed several times in the interior and refurbished.
The garden hall was 1819 the venue of the Second Chamber of the Parliament of Baden.
In 1846 the castle rooms and the Palace Square and the adjoining south ministries were first illuminated by means of city gas and gas lanterns.
Baden Revolution 1848/1849
1849, Grand Duke Leopold of Baden by revolutionaries temporarily was expelled from the castle.
20th century
Until the death of Grand Duke Friedrich I in 1907 he lived also in the castle. After the death of Frederick I his wife Grand Duchess Louise did not move to a widow's seat but remained until the end of the monarchy in 1918 in the castle; her son, now Grand Duke Friedrich II, continued to live in Hereditary Grand Ducal Palais (today the BGH/Federal Supreme Court).
1921, in the former Residence the collections for Archaeology and Ethnology and the stocks of the Museum of Decorative Arts as Badisches Landesmuseum were merged.
During World War II the whole castle got a dark camouflage to complicate target recognition from the air. In September 1944, the Karlsruhe Castle was nevertheless totally destroyed by bombing. It was rebuilt - despite interim considerations to demolish the ruins for creating new living space - and restored the historic facade. During reconstruction halls have been created which correspond with the latest technical conditions in museum buildings.
Maryland State House
Stamp (City Letter) (54 ¢)
The tower of the State House in Annapolis, Maryland (USA), is the tower of Karlsruhe Castle so similar that it is speculated that this is a replica.
Das Karlsruher Schloss ist das Zentrum des Karlsruher Fächers. Es wurde zwischen 1715 und 1718 im Auftrag des Markgrafen Karl Wilhelm von Baden-Durlach errichtet und war bis 1918 Residenzschloss des jeweils regierenden Landesherrn (Markgrafen, später Großherzogs, von Baden).
Allgemein
Vor dem Schloss liegt der Schlossplatz. Direkt hinter dem Schloss beginnt der Schlossgarten. Das Schloss samt Platz und Garten gehört nicht der Stadt Karlsruhe, sondern dem Land Baden-Württemberg. Es beherbergt das Badische Landesmuseum und das Schlosscafé.
Vom Schlossturm aus bietet sich ein sehr guter Blick in den Karlsruher Fächer. Um diesen erleben zu können, sind allerdings 158 Stufen im Schlossturm zu überwinden.
Im Oktober 2013 wurde das Schloss für eine umfassende Fassaden- und Dachsanierung vollständig eingerüstet. Das Land investiert vier Millionen Euro in die Maßnahmen. Die Baugerüste sollen voraussichtlich im März 2015 wieder abgebaut werden und damit vor den umfangreichen Feierlichkeiten anlässlich des 300. Stadtjubiläums. Neben optischen Maßnahmen muss dabei poröser Sandstein und verfaultes Holz ersetzt werden. Die vorhergehende Fassadenrenovierung fand im Jahr 1988 statt.
Geschichte
Ursprünglicher Bau 1715
Architekt des zwischen 1715 und 1718 gebauten Schlosses war der Ingenieur-Leutnant Jakob Friedrich von Batzendorf, Bauleiter war Heinrich Schwartz aus Hamburg. Die Außenmauern sowie der Schlossturm, der zu jener Zeit ein Novum darstellte, wurden aus Stein erbaut, der Innenausbau wurde aus Kostengründen aus Holz errichtet. Der westliche Flügel war, ebenfalls aus Kostengründen, ursprünglich kürzer als der östliche Flügel, der auch einen Ballsaal, ein Opernhaus und eine Kapelle enthielt.
Sanierung und Umbau ab 1750
Ab 1750 musste das Schloss grundlegend saniert werden, weil es ursprünglich mit schlechtem Baumaterial gebaut worden war. In der Zeit zwischen 1752 und 1785 wurde es nach mehrfach geänderten Plänen Balthasar Neumanns von Albrecht Friedrich von Kesslau (um 1728-1788), dem damaligen Baudirektor am badischen Hof, und von seinem Nachfolger Wilhelm Jeremias Müller im Stil des Barock vollständig aus Stein umgebaut. Dabei wurde das Schloss auch im Inneren mehrfach verändert und neu möbliert.
Der Gartensaal war 1819 der Tagungsort der Zweiten Kammer des badisches Parlaments.
Im Jahr 1846 wurden die Schlossräume sowie der Schlossplatz und die südlich daran angrenzenden Ministerien erstmals mittels Stadtgas und Gaslaternen beleuchtet.
Badische Revolution 1848/1849
1849 wurde Großherzog Leopold von badischen Revolutionären zeitweise aus dem Schloss vertrieben.
20. Jahrhundert
Bis zum Tod Großherzog Friedrichs I. im Jahr 1907 wohnte dieser auch im Schloss. Nach dem Tod Friedrichs I. zog dessen Gemahlin Großherzogin Luise nicht auf einen Witwensitz, sondern blieb bis zum Ende der Monarchie 1918 im Schloss; ihr Sohn, nun Großherzog Friedrich II., wohnte weiterhin im Erbgroßherzoglichen Palais (heute Sitz des BGH).
1921 wurden in der ehemaligen Residenz die Sammlungen für Altertums- und Völkerkunde und die Bestände des Kunstgewerbemuseums als Badisches Landesmuseum zusammengeführt.
Im Zweiten Weltkrieg erhielt das ganze Schloss einen dunklen Tarnanstrich, um eine Zielerfassung aus der Luft zu erschweren. Im September 1944 wurde das Karlsruher Schloss durch Bombenangriffe dennoch total zerstört. Es wurde wiederaufgebaut – trotz zwischenzeitlicher Überlegungen, die Ruine für die Schaffung neuen Wohnraumes abzureißen – und die historische Fassade wiederhergestellt. Beim Wiederaufbau wurden den neuesten museumstechnischen Bedingungen entsprechende Säle gestaltet.
Maryland State House
Briefmarke (Stadtbrief) (54 ¢)
Der Turm des State House in Annapolis, Maryland (USA) sieht dem Turm des Karlsruher Schlosses so ähnlich, dass spekuliert wird, dass dieser eine Nachbildung ist.
1295-1361 Reginald 1st Baron Cobham of Sterborough lies here on an alabaster tomb he asked for in will - He wears the order of the garter on his left leg.
Reginald was the son of Sir Reginald de Cobham by Joan, the daughter and heir of William de Evere / Devereux
He m Joan d1369, widow of Thomas de Haudlo of Acton Burnell d1339, and daughter of Thomas Lord Berkeley and 1st wife Margaret, www.flickr.com/gp/52219527@N00/nw22p2 daughter of Roger Mortimer Earl of March
Children
1. Joan 1345 - c1397 m Henry son of Sir John De Grey 3rd Baron de Grey of Codnor near Basford and Alice De Lisle
2. Reginald 2nd Lord of Sterborough 1348-1403 www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/748860258/ m1 Elizabeth d1375/6 daughter of Ralph de Stafford, 1st Earl of Stafford; m2 Eleanor daughter of John Lord Maltravers, widow of Sir John Lord Arundel (with whom she is buried at Lewes)
Reginald wears a heraldic Coat of Arms: Gules on a chevron or 3 estoiles sable
Crest: A Saracens head, proper, wreathed about the temples Or and Gules.
Sir Reginald built Sterborough Castle c1342 In his early life he was employed on some diplomatic missions. By 1334 he was a knight in the household of King Edward III and was one of the knights who took part in the dangerous coup in 1330 by the young king at Nottingham when he arrested his mother and her lover Roger Mortimer. He fought in the Scottish campaign against David Bruce and then on the continent in the Low Countries and Brittany. In 1342 he was summoned to the House of Lords as Lord Cobham of Sterborough.
Distinguished 1327-60, in nearly all the battles in France and Flanders; Knight Banneret 1339. He formed one of an important embassy to the Pope in August 1343. Admiral of the Fleet for the West, 1344., and again 1348; was (With the Earl of Warwick and Sir John Chandos) one of the three to whom the charge of Prince Edward was committed at Crecy in 1346. He received an annuity of £500 in 1347.Invested as knight of the Garter c1353; . He was also employed in Embassies to Brabant, &c. He was summoned to a Council, 25 Feb 1341/2, and to Parliament from 13 November 1347 to 20 November 1360, by writs directed Reginaldo de Cobham, whereby he is held to have become Lord Cobham.
in 1353 appointed Captain of Calais, a position he held until his death. In 1355 he served under the Black Prince in Aquitaine, taking part in his march to the Loire and his victory at the Battle of Poitiers 1356. He died of the "second pestilence" (plague)
His heir Reginald was a minor and became the ward of Queen Philippa until 1370 - Lingfield church Surrey
UNESCO Tentative List;
whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5406/
Aphrodisias lies in southwestern Turkey, in the fertile valley of the Dandalas River, a tributary of the Meander, about 150 kilometres east (inland) of the Aegean Sea. It is situated at the base of the Babadag mountain range, at 500 m above sea level. The city was the capital of the ancient Roman province of Caria.
The ancient city of Aphrodisias is one of the most important archaeological sites of the Greek and Roman periods in Turkey. Famous in antiquity for its sanctuary of Aphrodite, the city's patron goddess, Aphrodisias enjoyed a long and prosperous existence from the second century B.C. through the sixth century A.D. Today, many of the city's ancient monuments remain standing, and excavations have unearthed numerous fine marble statues and other artifacts. The great beauty and extraordinary preservation of this site combine to bring the civic culture of the Greco-Roman world vividly to life.
Aphrodisias was founded on the site of an ancient local sanctuary in the second century B.C., according to the date of the earliest coins and inscriptions found in the site. In the late first century B.C., the city came under the personal protection of the Roman emperor Augustus, and a long period of growth and good fortune ensued. The first several centuries A.D. were especially prosperous, and most of the surviving buildings of the city date to this period. In the fourth century, Aphrodisias became the capital of the Roman province of Caria. The cosmopolitan character of the age is demonstrated by the presence in this city of an active Jewish community, attested in a famous inscription listing benefactors of the local Synagogue.
The first systematic excavations at the site were begun in 1961 under the aegis of New York University, and yielded many remains of the city's central monuments. In addition to the Temple of Aphrodite, major areas of investigation included the Bouleuterion or Council House, and the Sebasteion. The Sebasteion, a religious sanctuary dedicated to Aphrodite and the Roman emperors, is one of the most remarkable discoveries of Roman archaeology. It is one of the best-preserved examples of a Roman imperial cult complex, and is decorated with an extraordinary series of life-size marble reliefs (originally almost 200), which depict Roman emperors and imperial family members from ca. A.D. 20 to 60, as well as, personifications of the subject peoples of the Roman empire, and mythological heroes and gods. The reliefs provide an unparalleled insight into how Roman imperial power was understood from a local perspective. Other important public buildings are the Theatre, the Hadrianic Baths, and the Stadium; the latter seated 30,000 people, and is the best-preserved of all ancient stadiums. The buildings of the site are remarkable not only for the preservation of their architecture, but also for the many inscriptions, statues, reliefs, and other objects associated with them.
Aphrodisias is well-known for its fine sculpture. Good marble quarries are located only a few kilometres away from the city, and by the Late Hellenistic period, a strong local tradition of marble sculpture had already taken root. In later generations, Aphrodisian sculptors are known to have worked abroad on prestigious commissions, for example, at Hadrian's villa at Tivoli. The sculpture from the site is characterized by virtuosity and variety. Excavation has uncovered statues of, for example, gods, heroes, emperors, orators, philosophers, and boxers, as well as a great range of ornamental and figured relief. The finds range from grave reliefs of the second century B.C. to statues of the last Roman governors of the sixth century A.D. Many sculptures from the site already occupy key positions in the history of ancient art.
The studies for a site management plan were started according to a protocol between the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and the Geyre Foundation dated to 08.11.2007.
www.nyu.edu/projects/aphrodisias/home.ti.htm
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphrodisias