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Greater Vasa Parrot (Coracopsis vasa) by Leonora (Ellie) Enking

Kaleta Reserve, near Amboasary in southern Madagascar. The bird is sitting in a Tamarind tree. The fruits are clearly visible.

From Wikipedia -

The Greater Vasa Parrot (Coracopsis vasa) is one of two species of Vasa Parrot, the other being the Lesser Vasa Parrot (C. nigra). The Greater Vasa Parrot can be found throughout Madagascar and the Comoros. In Madagascar it is more common in portions of the Madagascar dry deciduous forests, compared with the Lesser Vasa Parrot which is more common in the humid forests of the east coast.

There are three subspecies -

Coracopsis vasa, (Shaw) 1812

Coracopsis vasa comorensis, (Peters,W) 1854

Coracopsis vasa drouhardi, Lavauden 1929

Also from Wikipedia -

Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) (from Latinization of Arabic: تمر هندي tamar Hind "Indian Date") is a tree in the family Fabaceae. The genus Tamarindus is monotypic (having only a single species).

Tamarindus indica is indigenous to tropical Africa, particularly where it continues to grow wild in Sudan - it is also cultivated in Cameroon, Nigeria and Tanzania. In Arabia it is found wild growing in Oman, especially Dhofar, where it grows on sea-facing mountains. It reached South Asia likely through human transportation, and cultivation several thousand years prior to the Common Era. It is widely distributed throughout the Tropical belt, from Africa to South Asia, and throughout South East Asia, Taiwan and as far as China. In the 16th century it was heavily introduced to Mexico, as well as South America, by Spanish and Portuguese colonists, to the degree that it became a common ingredient in everyday living.

One of the first tamarind trees in Hawaii was planted in 1797.

Description -

The tamarind is a long-lived, medium-growth bushy tree which attains a maximum crown height of 12.1 to 18.3 metres (40 to 60 feet). The crown has an irregular vase-shaped outline of dense foliage. The tree grows well in full sun in clay, loam, sandy, and acidic soil types, with a high drought and aerosol salt (wind-borne salt as found in coastal area) resistance.

Leaves are evergreen, bright green in colour, elliptical ovular, arrangement is alternate, of the pinnately compound type, with pinnate venation and less than 5 cm (2 inches) in length. The branches droop from a single, central trunk as the tree matures and is often pruned in human agriculture to optimize tree density and ease of fruit harvest. At night, the leaflets close up.

The tamarind does flower, though inconspicuously, with red and yellow elongated flowers. Flowers are 2.5 cm wide (one inch) five-petalled borne in small racemes, yellow with orange or red streaks. Buds are pink as the 4 sepals are pink and are lost when the flower blooms.

The fruit is an indehiscent legume, sometimes called a pod, 12 to 15 cm (3 to 6 inches) in length with a hard, brown shell. The fruit has a fleshy, juicy, acidulous pulp. It is mature when the flesh is coloured brown or reddish-brown. The tamarinds of Asia have longer pods containing 6-12 seeds, whereas African and West Indian varieties have short pods containing 1-6 seeds. The seeds are somewhat flattened, and glossy brown.

The tamarind is best described as sweet and sour in taste, and high in acid, sugar, vitamin B and, interestingly for a fruit, calcium.

As a tropical species, it is frost sensitive. The pinnate leaves with opposite leaflets giving a billowing effect in the wind. Tamarind timber consists of hard, dark red heartwood and softer, yellowish sapwood.

Tamarind is harvested by pulling the pod from its stalk. A mature tree may be capable of producing up to 175 kg (350 lb) of fruit per annum. Veneer grafting, shield (T or inverted T) budding, and air layering may be used to propagate desirable selections. Such trees will usually fruit within 3 to 4 years if provided optimum growing conditions.

Alternative names -

Globally, it is most numerous in South Asia, where it is widely distributed and has a long history of human cultivation. Many South Asian regional languages have their own unique name for the tamarind fruit. It is called the tetul (তেঁতুল) in Bangla; in India it is known in several languages. In Sanskrit, it is called tintiDi. In Oriya it is called tentuli, in Hindi it is called imli; In Gujarati the amli, and Marathi and Konkani the chinch; in Kannada it is called hunase (ಹುಣಸೆ), Telugu chintachettu (tree) and chintapandu (fruit extract) and in Malayalam its called Vaalanpuli (വാളന്‍പുളി ). In Pakistan in Urdu it is known as imli. In Sri Lanka in Sinhala call it the siyambala; and Northern areas in Tamil also as the puli (புளி). In the Cook Islands in Cook Islands Maori Māori Kūki Āirani or Rarotonganis language Tamarindus is called 'tamarene'.

In Indonesia, tamarind is known as the asam (or asem) Jawa (means Javanese asam), which in the Indonesian language, translates as Javanese sour [sic: fruit] (though the literature may also refer to it as sambaya). In Malaysia, it is also called "asam Jawa". In the Philippines, tamarind is referred to as Sampaloc, which is occasionally rendered as Sambalog in Tagalog and Sambag in Cebuano. Vietnamese term is me. In Taiwan it is called loan-tz. In Myanmar it is called magee-bin (tree) and magee-thee (fruit). The tamarind is the provincial tree of the Phetchabun province of Thailand (in Thailand it is called ma-kham). In Malagasy it is called voamadilo and kily.

In Colombia, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Puerto Rico and Venezuela it is called tamarindo. In the Caribbean, tamarind is sometimes called tamon.

Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) should not be confused with the Manila tamarind (Pithecellobium dulce), which is a different plant, though also of Fabaceae.

The fruit pulp is edible and popular. The hard green pulp of a young fruit is considered by many to be too sour and acidic, but is often used as a component of savory dishes, as a pickling agent or as a means of making certain poisonous yams in Ghana safe for human consumption.

The ripened fruit is considered the more palatable as it becomes sweeter and less sour (acidic) as it matures. It is used in desserts as a jam, blended into juices or sweetened drinks, sorbets, ice-creams and all manner of snack. It is also consumed as a natural laxative.

In Western cuisine it is found in Worcestershire sauce, and HP sauce.

In Indian cuisine it is common. Imli Chutney and Pulusu use it. Along with tamarind, sugar and spices are added to (regional) taste for chutneys or a multitude of condiments for a bitter-sweet flavor. The immature pods and flowers are also pickled and used as a side dish. Regional cuisines such as Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh use it to make Rasam, Sambhar, Vatha Kuzhambu and Puliyogare. In Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, tender leaves of tamarind are used along with lentils and it is also dried and used in place of ripe tamarind for mild flavour.

In Guadeloupe, tamarind is known as Tamarinier and is used in jams and syrups.

In Mexico, it is sold in various snack forms: dried and salted; or candied (see for example pulparindo or chamoy snacks). The famous agua fresca beverage, iced fruit-bars and raspados all use it as the main ingredient. In the US, Mexican immigrants have fashioned the "agua de tamarindo" drink, the Jarritos Tamarind drink (the first introduced and second most popular flavour of the brand), and many other treats. Tamarind snacks such as Mexico's Pelon Pelo Rico, are available in specialty food stores worldwide in pod form or as a paste or concentrate.

In Egypt, a sour, chilled drink made from tamarind is popular during the summer.

A traditional food plant in Africa, tamarind has potential to improve nutrition, boost food security, foster rural development and support sustainable landcare.

In southern Kenya, the Swahili people use it to garnish legumes and also make juices. In Madagascar, its fruits and leaves are a well-known favorite of the Ring-tailed Lemurs, providing as much as 50% of their food resources during the year if available. In Northern Nigeria, it is used with millet powder to prepare Kunun Tsamiya, a traditional Pap mostly used as breakfast, and usually eaten with bean cake.

The Javanese dish gurame and more so ikan asem, also known as ikan asam (sweet and sour fish, commonly a carp or river-fish) is popular throughout Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. Tamarind is also common in Manado, Sulawesi and Maluku cuisines.

In Lebanon, the Kazouza company sells a tamarind-flavoured carbonated beverage.

In Myanmar, young and tender leaves and flower buds are eaten as a vegetable. A salad dish of tamarind leaves, boiled beans, and crushed peanuts topped with crispy fried onions is very popular in rural Myanmar.

In the Philippines, tamarind is used in foods like sinigang soup, and also made into candies. The leaves are also used in sinampalukan soup.

In Thailand a specific cultivar has been bred specifically to be eaten as a fresh fruit, famous for being particular sweet and minimally sour. It is also sometimes eaten preserved in sugar with chili as a sweet-and-spicy candy. Pad Thai, a Thai dish popular with Westerners often include tamarind for its tart/sweet taste (with lime juice added for sourness and fish sauce added for saltiness). A tamarind-based sweet-and-sour sauce served over deep-fried fish is also a common dish in central Thailand.

Medicinal uses -

Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, sesquiterpenes, alkaloids and phlobatamins and other extracts active against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria, at temperatures of 4–30 °C (39–86 °F). Studies on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts on the test organisms showed that the lowest MIC and the MBC were demonstrated against Salmonella paratyphi, Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella typhi and the highest MIC and MBC was exhibited against Staphylococcus aureus.

Throughout Asia and Africa it is common for health remedies. In Northern Nigeria, fresh stem bark and fresh leaves are used as decoction mixed with potash for the treatment of stomach disorder, general body pain, jaundice, yellow fever and as blood tonic and skin cleanser. In Indonesia, Malaysia and Philippines and Javanese traditional medicine use asem leaves as a herbal infusion for malarial fever, the fruit juice as an anti-septic, and scurvy and even cough cure.

Fruit of the tamarind is also commonly used throughout South East Asia as a poultice applied to foreheads of fever sufferers.

Tamarind is used as in Indian Ayurvedic Medicine for gastric and/or digestion problems, and in cardioprotective activity.

In animal studies, tamarind has been found to lower serum cholesterol and blood sugar levels. Due to a lack of available human clinical trials, there is insufficient evidence to recommend tamarind for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol) or diabetes.

Based on human study, tamarind intake may delay the progression of fluorosis by enhancing excretion of fluoride. However, additional research is needed to confirm these results.

Excess consumption has been noted as a traditional laxative.

Other medicinal uses include: Anthelminthic (expels worms), antimicrobial, antiseptic, antiviral, asthma, astringent, bacterial skin infections (erysipelas), boils, chest pain, cholesterol metabolism disorders, colds, colic, conjunctivitis (pink eye), constipation (chronic or acute), diabetes, diarrhea (chronic), dry eyes, dysentery (severe diarrhea), eye inflammation, fever, food preservative, food uses (coloring), gallbladder disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, gingivitis, hemorrhoids, indigestion, insecticide, jaundice, keratitis (inflammation of the cornea), leprosy, liver disorders, nausea and vomiting (pregnancy-related), paralysis, poisoning (Datura plant), rash, rheumatism, saliva production, skin disinfectant/sterilization, sore throat, sores, sprains, sunscreen, sunstroke, swelling (joints), urinary stones, wound healing (corneal epithelium).

In temples, especially in Buddhist Asian countries, the fruit pulp is used to polish brass shrine furniture, removing dulling and the greenish patina that forms.

The wood is a bold red color. Due to its density and durability, tamarind heartwood can be used in making furniture and wood flooring. A tamarind switch is sometimes used as an implement for corporal punishment.

Tamarind trees are very common throughout Asia and the tropical world as both an ornamental, garden and cash-crop. The tamarind has recently become popular in bonsai culture, frequently used in Asian countries like Indonesia, Taiwan and the Philippines. In the last Japan Airlines World Bonsai competition, Mr. Budi Sulistyo of Indonesia won the second prize with an ancient tamarind bonsai.

The seeds are sometimes used by children in traditional board games such as Chinese checkers (China), Dhakon (Java), and others.

The tamarind tree is the official plant of Santa Clara, Cuba. Consequently it appears in the coat of arms of the city.

Qiao's Pathology: Cholesterol polyp of gallbladder by Qiao's Pathology (Art and Science in Medicine)

Gallbladder. Microscopic photo: Polypoid mucosal projections with lipid-laden macrophages covered by normal gallbladder epithelium. H & E Stain. Low Power View. Jian-Hua Qiao, MD, FCAP, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

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Cockatiel - Weero/Weiro - Quarrion (Nymphicus Hollandicus) by HISTOGRAPHY by DM & DBM.

The cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus), also known as the weero/weiro or quarrion, is a medium-sized parrot that is a member of its own branch of the cockatoo family endemic to Australia. They are prized as household exotic bird pets and companion parrots throughout the world and are relatively easy to breed compared to other parrots. As a caged bird, cockatiels are second in popularity only to the budgerigar.

The cockatiel is the only member of the genus Nymphicus. It was previously unclear whether the cockatiel is a crested parakeet or small cockatoo; however, more recent molecular studies have assigned it to its own subfamily, Nymphicinae. It is, therefore, now classified as the smallest subfamily of the Cacatuidae (cockatoo family). Cockatiels are native to Australia, favouring the Australian wetlands, scrublands, and bushlands.

Originally described by Scottish writer and naturalist Robert Kerr in 1793 as Psittacus hollandicus, the cockatiel (or cockateel) was moved to its own genus, Nymphicus, by Wagler in 1832. Its genus name reflects the experience of one of the earliest groups of Europeans to see the birds in their native habitat; the travellers thought the birds were so beautiful that they named them after mythical nymphs. The specific name hollandicus refers to New Holland, a historical name for Australia.

Its biological relationships were for a long time uncertain; it is now placed in a monotypic subfamily Nymphicinae, but was sometimes in the past classified among the Platycercinae, the broad-tailed parrots. This issue was settled with molecular studies. A 1984 study of protein allozymes signalled its closer relationship to cockatoos than to other parrots, and mitochondrial 12S rRNA sequence data places it among the Calyptorhynchinae (dark cockatoos) subfamily. The unique, parakeet (meaning long-tailed parrot) morphological feature is a consequence of the decrease in size and accompanying change of ecological niche.

Sequence analysis of intron 7 of the nuclear β-fibrinogen gene, on the other hand, indicates that it may yet be distinct enough as to warrant recognition of the Nymphicinae rather than inclusion of the genus in the Calyptorhynchinae.

The cockatiel is now biologically classified as a genuine member of Cacatuidae on account of sharing all of the cockatoo family's biological features, namely, the erectile crest, a gallbladder, powder down, suppressed cloudy-layer (which precludes the display of blue and green structural colours), and facial feathers covering the sides of the beak, all of which are rarely found outside the family Cacatuidae. This biological relation to other cockatoos is further supported by the existence of at least one documented case of a successful hybrid between a cockatiel and a galah, another cockatoo species.

The cockatiel's distinctive crest expresses the animal's emotional state. The crest is dramatically vertical when the cockatiel is startled or excited, gently oblique in its neutral or relaxed state, and flattened close to the head when the animal is angry or defensive. The crest is also held flat but protrudes outward in the back when the cockatiel is trying to appear alluring or flirtatious. When the cockatiel is tired, the crest is seen positioned halfway upwards, with the tip of the crest usually curling upward. In contrast to most cockatoos, the cockatiel has long tail feathers roughly making up half of its total length. At 30 to 33 cm (12 to 13 in), the cockatiel is the smallest of the cockatoos, which are generally larger at between 30 and 60 cm (12 and 24 in).

The "normal grey" or "wild-type" cockatiel's plumage is primarily grey with prominent white flashes on the outer edges of each wing. The face of the male is yellow or white, while the face of the female is primarily grey or light grey, and both sexes feature a round orange area on both ears, often referred to as "cheddar cheeks". This orange colouration is generally vibrant in adult males, and often quite muted in females. Visual sexing is often possible with this variant of the bird.

Most wild cockatiel chicks and juveniles look female, and are virtually indistinguishable from the time of hatching until their first moulting. They display horizontal yellow stripes or bars on the ventral surface of their tail feathers, yellow spots on the ventral surface of the primary flight feathers of their wings, a grey coloured crest and face, and a dull orange patch on each of their cheeks. However some modern-day mutations are sex linked and the male and female chicks are easily distinguishable as soon as their feathers come in.

Adult cockatiels with common coloring (grey body with yellow head) are sexually dimorphic, though to a lesser degree than many other avian species. This is only evident after the first moulting, typically occurring about six to nine months after hatching: the male loses the white or yellow barring and spots on the underside of his tail feathers and wings. The grey feathers on his cheeks and crest are replaced by bright yellow feathers, while the orange cheek patch becomes brighter and more distinct. The face and crest of the female will typically remain mostly grey with a yellowish tint, and a less vibrant orange cheek patch. Additionally, the female commonly retains the horizontal barring on the underside of her tail feathers.

The colour in cockatiels is derived from two pigments: melanin (which provides the grey colour in the feathers, eyes, beak, and feet), and psittacofulvins (which provide the yellow colour on the face and tail and the orange colour of the cheek patch). The grey colour of the melanin overrides the yellow and orange of the psittacofulvins when both are present.

The melanin content decreases in the face of the males as they mature, allowing the yellow and orange psittacofulvins to be more visible, while an increase in melanin content in the tail causes the disappearance of the horizontal yellow tail bars.

In addition to these visible characteristics, the vocalisation of adult males is typically louder and more complex than that of females. But like most things this is not a hard and fast rule.

Worldwide there are currently 22 cockatiel colour mutations established in aviculture, of which eight are exclusive to Australia. Mutations in captivity have emerged in various colours, some quite different from those observed in nature. Wild cockatiels are grey with visible differences between males and females. Male grey cockatiels typically have yellow heads while the female has a grey head. Juveniles tend to look like females with pinker beaks. The pied mutation first appeared in California in 1949. This mutation is a blotch of colour on an otherwise solid-coloured bird. For example, this may appear as a grey blotch on a yellow cockatiel.

Lutino colouration was first seen in 1958. These birds lack the grey of their wild counterparts and are white to soft yellow. This is a popular colour; due to inbreeding, these cockatiels often have a small bald patch behind their crests. The cinnamon mutation, first seen in the 1950s, is very similar in appearance to the grey; however, these birds have a warmer, browner colouring. Pearling was first seen in 1967. This is seen as a feather of one colour with a different coloured edge, such as grey feathers with yellow tips. This distinctive pattern is on a bird's wings or back. The albino colour mutation is a lack of pigment. These birds are white with red eyes. Fallow cockatiels first appeared sometime in the 1970s. This mutation shows as a bird with cinnamon colouring with yellow sections. Other mutations include emerald/olive, dominant and recessive silver, and mutations exclusive to Australia: Australian fallow, faded (west coast silver), dilute/pastel silver (east coast silver), silver spangle (edged dilute), platinum, suffused (Australian olive), and pewter. Other mutations, such as face altering mutations, include whiteface, pastelface, dominant yellow cheek, sex-linked yellow cheek, gold cheek, cream face, and the Australian yellow cheek.

Cockatiel colour mutations can become even more complex as one bird can have multiple colour mutations. For example, a yellow lutino cockatiel may have pearling – white spots on its back and wings. This is a double mutation. An example of a quadruple mutation would be cinnamon cockatiel with yellowface colouring with pearling and pied markings.

Breeding is triggered by seasonal rainfall. Cockatiels nest in tree hollows near a source of fresh water, often choosing eucalyptus/gum trees. The hen lays 4-7 eggs, one every other day, which she incubates for 17–23 days. The chicks fledge after 5 weeks. Cockatiels are the only cockatoo species which may reproduce by the end of their first year.

The cockatiel's average life span is 12 to 15 years, though in captivity and under appropriate living conditions, a cockatiel could be expected to live from 16 to 25 years. The oldest living and confirmed specimen of cockatiel was reportedly 36 years old.

Cockatiels are native to Australia, where they are found largely in arid or semi-arid country but always close to water. Largely nomadic, the species will move to where food and water is available. They are typically seen in pairs or small flocks. Sometimes, hundreds will flock around a single body of water. Wild cockatiels typically eat seeds, particularly Acacia, wheat, sunflower and Sorghum. To many farmers' dismay, they often eat cultivated crops. Cockatiels may be observed in and around western New South Wales and Queensland, Alice Springs, The Kimberley region and the northwestern corner of Western Australia. They are absent from the most fertile southwest and southeast corners of the country, the deepest Western Australian deserts, and Cape York Peninsula.

Speech and vocalization

Cockatiels are usually quiet parrots in contrast to others. They can be very vocal and learn many spoken words and phrases by mimicking. Usually, males are faster to learn speech, mimicking or singing; their calls are also more varied.

Cockatiels can also be taught to sing specific melodies, to the extent that some cockatiels have been demonstrated to synchronise their melodies with the songs of humans. Without being taught how to both male and female cockatiels repeat household sounds, including alarm clocks, phones, tunes or other birds from the outdoors.

Bull Slaughter: 26 by Seth

The organs to be kept are removed one by one, and the gallbladder very delicately removed from the liver to avoid contaminating anything.

This is a complete photo-documentation of the slaughter I attended last fall at my friends farm here in rural Maine. He wanted it documented to provide a visual record for people to see the process, come to greater understanding of where their food comes from, and to provide reference material for anyone who might want to do it themselves.

Qiao's Pathology: Cholesterol gallstones by Qiao's Pathology (Art and Science in Medicine)

Gallbladder: Gross Photo. Cholesterol stones, numerous, yellow, round, and variable sized. Jian-Hua Qiao, MD, FCAP, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

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digestive (100) by Layla khaanoomi

Dandelion by that owl

Please No Invites or Graphics. Thank You Ever So Much.

"Viewed by some people as a weed and others as a beneficial herb, dandelions are a ubiquitous garden presence no matter how you see them. Learning the facts about this flower will help you know what to do with it, whether to dig it up or add it to your salad.

Dandelions have many culinary uses. All parts of the plant can be eaten, including as part of salads, cooked or sauteed, even fried. Dried dandelions are used to make tea, and the flowers can be turned into wines.

Dandelions are rich in beta carotene, iron, calcium and vitamin A. They are known as an effective diuretic, and have traditionally been used to help in the treatment of the liver and gallbladder, including aiding in removing gall stones and helping to decrease liver swelling. Dandelion can also help with minor indigestion.

However, according to the National Institutes of Health, dandelions have not been scientifically proven as a medical treatment." -ehow.com

Sixty Last Suppers (1986) by B

by Andy Warhol

Acrylic paint and screenprint on canvas

Faith, death and desire come together in Warhol’s Sixty Last Suppers. This large-scale work forms part of a series commissioned in 1986 based on Leonardo da Vinci’s Last Supper. This famous mural depicts Jesus the night before his crucifixion with the twelve disciples. A copy of the mural had hung in the Warhola family kitchen.

Da Vinci’s depiction has been damaged and repaired many times over the centuries. Warhol purposely used a cheap reproduction based on a 19th-century copy for his work. Choosing to copy a copy of the original, Warhol evokes the re-enactment of the Last Supper that takes place during every Mass. It also plays on the authenticity of da Vinci’s Last Supper, with Warhol stating: ‘It’s a good picture... It’s something you see all the time. You don’t think about it.’

Unlike most of his paintings, Warhol’s Last Supper series focuses on a group scene. The repetition of an image showing collective activity between men adds to the work’s symbolism. It was created soon after the death of Warhol’s former partner Jon Gould from an AIDS-related illness, and at a time when the private lives of gay men were facing the glare of the media. While Warhol was not a queer activist, Sixty Last Suppers could be seen as a moving portrayal of endless loss, reminiscent of ‘columbarium’, the wall graves found in many cemeteries.

Sixty Last Suppers would turn out to be one of Warhol’s final works. After the first exhibition of the series in Milan, he returned to New York where he reluctantly checked in to hospital for gallbladder surgery. While the operation was a success, his long-term ill health led to his heart failing, and Warhol died on 22 February 1987, aged 58.

[Tate Modern]

Andy Warhol

(March – November 2020)

A new look at the extraordinary life and work of the pop art superstar

Andy Warhol was the son of immigrants who became an American icon. A shy gay man who became the hub of New York’s social scene. An artist who embraced consumerism, celebrity and the counter culture – and changed modern art in the process.

He was born in 1928 as Andrew Warhola to working-class parents from present day Slovakia. In 1949 he moved from Pittsburgh to New York. Initially working as a commercial illustrator, his skill at transforming the imagery of American culture soon found its realisation in his ground-breaking pop art.

This major retrospective is the first Warhol exhibition at Tate Modern for almost 20 years. As well as his iconic pop images of Marilyn Monroe, Coca-Cola and Campbell’s soup cans, it includes works never seen before in the UK. Twenty-five works from his Ladies and Gentlemen series – portraits of black and Latinx drag queens and trans women – are shown for the first time in 30 years.

Popularly radical and radically popular, Warhol was an artist who reimagined what art could be in an age of immense social, political and technological change.

[Tate Modern]

Qiao's Pathology: Cholesterol gallstone by Qiao's Pathology (Art and Science in Medicine)

Gallbladder: Gross Photo. Cholesterol stone, single, yellow, and oval shaped. Jian-Hua Qiao, MD, FCAP, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

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Male and female anatomy by Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, UofT

Descriptive Title: Male and female anatomy.

Actual Title: Interiorvm corporis hvmani partivm viva delineatio

Artist: R.S.

Technique: woodcut

Dimensions: 39 x 41 cm

Digital ID: RBAI092-0001

Scope and Content: Male and female anatomy, shown in 'pop-up' or layered format; dissection of the thorax and abdomen shown in successive layers. Surface anatomy shown in the plate with all layers closed. Heart, lungs and and diaphragm shown in 2nd layer, with stomach, liver, gallbladder and spleen attached to the underside of the 2nd layer. Urogenital system shown on 3rd layer: Male figure shows aorta, inferior vena cava, kidneys, renal arteries and veins, ureters, bladder, penis, testis, and testicular arteries and veins. Female figure shows aorta, inferior vena cava, kidneys, renal arteries and veins, ureters, bladder, Fallopian tubes, ovaries, ovarian arteries and veins, gravid uterus and cervix, vagina, vulva, and fetus. Intestines are shown on the 4th layer. Posterior thoracic and abdominal wall shown on the 5th and final layer: spine, ribs and intercostal muscles shown. Male and female figures, anterior views.

General: Figures shown in an interior landscape, female figure holds a sign reading 'Nosce te ipsum knowe thyself'.

Part of the digital collection Anatomia 1522-1867 located at link.library.utoronto.ca/anatomia/application/index.cfm

This image is taken from United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 18, Nos. 1-6, 1923 by Medical Heritage Library, Inc.

Go to the Book with image in the Internet Archive

Title: United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 18, Nos. 1-6, 1923

Creator: U.S. Navy. Bureau of Medicine and Surgery

Publisher:

Sponsor:

Contributor:

Date: 1923-01

Language: eng

Table of Contents

Number 1

PREFACE v

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS vi

SPECIAL ARTICLES : Study of the earth sciences — its purpose and its

interrelations with medicine. By T. W. Vaughan, Geologist, U. S. Geological Survey

1

Psychometric tests for recruiting stations. By Lieutenant J. R. Poppen,

Medical Corps, U. S. N 14

Problem of malaria in marines in Haiti. By Lieutenant Commander A. H.

Allen, Medical Corps, U. S. N 25

Functions and organization of Medical Corps units serving with the

Marine Corps in the field. By Major S. N. Raynor, U. S. Marine Corps. 31

PSYCHONEUROSES AND THEIR TREATMENT. By Major W. O. Krohn, Medical

Reserve Corps, U. S. A 39

Use of chaulmoogra oil derivatives in leprosy. By Lieutenant C. B. Van

Gaasbeek, Medical Corps, U. S. N 60

Hygienic Laboratory of the Republic of Haiti. By Lieutenant R. M.

Cholsser, Medical Corps, U. S. N 56

Modelling compound impressions. By Lieutenant Commander H. E. Harvey,

Dental Corps, U. S. N 61

EDITORIAL :

Diabetes mellitus. —Treatment of hookworm infection. —Acetic acid treatment

of burns. —Serum diagnosis of syphilis. — Interest shown In pathology by

medical officers of the service. —Treatment of

leprosy 65

CLINICAL NOTES: Report of an unusual occupational injury. By Captain J.

C. Pryor, Medical Corps, U. S. N 77

Smallpox vaccination aboard the U. S. S. Mississippi. By Commander F.

G. Abeken, Medical Corps, U. S. N 79

Effect or carbol-fuchsin stain on diseases or the gingivae. By Lieutenant

H. A. Daniels, Dental Corps, U. S. N. 81

Two interesting abdominal cases. By Lieutenant Commander A. L. Clifton

and Lieutenant F. R. Hook, Medical Corps, U. S. N 82

Malnutrition. By Lieut. Commander D. Hunt, Medical Corps, U. S. N 85

Luetic perforation of the hard palate with surgical closure. By Lieutenant

F. E. Locy, Medical Corps, U. S. N 86

Removal of an organized othematoma. By Lieutenant F. E. Locy, Medical

Corps, U. S. N 87

A typical mandibular fracture. By Lieutenant E. L. Walter, Dental Corps,

U. S. N 88

Asepsis in conductive anesthesia. By Lieutenant (J. g.) W. I. Minowitz,

Dental Corps, U. S. N. 89

NOTES AND COMMENTS:

Terminal disinfection after infectious disease. —Changes made in the

manufacture and issue of triple typhoid vaccine at the Army Medical School.

—Naval medical service. —Selected works of Thomas Sydenham, M. D. —William

Dampier. — Pathological changes. — Administration of thymol for relief of

hookworm infestations. — Notes of sanitary and hygienic interest. — Sticky fly solution.

— Fluid extract of squills as a rat poison. —Ship fumigation. —Symposium on the

treatment of gonorrhoea. — " Notes from China." —Louls-Antoine

Ranvler.— Seasickness and atropine. — Few thoughts on keeping oneself

professionally smart 93

NURSE CORPS 119

BOOK NOTICES 131

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, STATISTICS, LETTERS, ORDERS, NEW LEGISLATION, ETC.

139

Number 2

PREFACE v

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS vi

SPECIAL ARTICLES:

MILITARY SURGEON AS A SPECIALIST.

By Capt. D. N. Carpenter, Medical Corps, U. S. N 177

Equipment of transports during the World War.

By Commander J. J. Synder, Medical Corps, U. S. N 185

Plastic surgery.

By Lieut. Commander Lucius W. Johnson, Medical Corps, U. S. N. 214

Clinical value of blood chemistry in chronic nephritis.

By Lieut. Commander J. J. O'Malley, Medical Corps, U. S. N 210

Correction of occlusal stress on inlay patterns without distortion.

By Lieut. Commander H. E. Hurvey, Dental Corps, U. S. N 224

EDITORIAL:

Vomiting In acute abdominal lesions. — New treatment of diabetes by insulin.

—Treatment of fractures. —Treatment of fracture of the femur.—Mental causes of

accidents. — Treatment of carbon monoxide poisoning by means of oxygen-carbon

dioxide inhalation. —Use of stethoscope in counting the heart beats during

anesthesia 227

CLINICAL NOTES :

Acute streptococcus penile gangrene.

By Lieut. L. B. Greene, Medical Corps, U. S. N 243

Suspension apparatus for sick-bay bunks.

By Lieut. Commander Lucius W. Johnson, Medical Corps, U. S. N. 244

Multiple hernia.

By Lieut. Commander Lucius W. Johnson, Medical Corps, U. S. N 244

Observation on fifteen fractures of the mandible.

By Lieut. Commander J. L. Brown, Dental Corps, U. S. N 245

Venereal diseases treated aboard the U. S. S. “Relief " in one year's

time.

By Lieut. A. J. Cheney, Medical Corps, U. S. N 248

NOTES AND COMMENTS :

Pyrene gas Intoxication. — Bacteriology of canned meat and fish.—Activities

of the flight surgeon. — History of the preservation of food in the Royal Navy.

—Anopheline larvacide. — Arsphenamln derivative suitable for subcutaneous

administration. — Diagnosis of early syphilis 253

DIGEST OF DECISIONS 268

BOOK NOTICES 267

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE STATISTICS, LETTERS, ORDERS, COMMENTS 273

Number 3

PREFACE v

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS vi

SPECIAL ARTICLES:

Mosquito Control in St. Thomas.

By Lieutenants E. Peterson and F. D. Walker, Medical Corps. U. S. Navy

291

Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastric Syphilis.

By Lieutenant W. A. Brains, Medical Corps, U. S. Naval Reserve Force,

and Dr. Edward Antoine, Paris, France 303

Scope or X-ray therapy in naval practice.

By Lieutenant E. L. Whitehead, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy 309

Composition, equipment, organization, and operation of the Medical Department

for the spring exercises of the Marine Corps Expeditionary Force.

By Lieutenant C. A. Costello, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy 330

Samoan tattooing.

By Lieutenant Commander D. Hunt, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy, and

Lieutenant L. Humphreys, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy 346

Manipulation of wax for inlay patterns.

By Lieutenant Commander H. E. Harvey, Dental Corps, U. S. Navy 348

Postoperative treatment.

By Lieutenant W. L. Martin, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy 351

EDITORIAL :

The electrocardiograph : Its uses and limitations —Exercise for the peridental

membrane — Prevention of burns —Lead poisoning —Value of X-ray in skin diseases

—Gonorrheal endocarditis 355

CLINICAL NOTES:

Fatal case of nephritis, with special reference to the nitrogen retention.

By Lieutenants G. A. Alden and C. F. Behrens, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy

365

Pappatacilike fever occurring in Cuba.

By Lieutenant E. A. Stephens, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy 368

Symptoms of motor aphasia following neoabsphenamine injection.

By Lieutenant (Junior Grade) A. J. Desautels. Medical Corps, U. S. Navy

370

NOTES AND COMMENTS :

Guppy fish—Questions necessary for accurate history taking In syphilis—Chlorination

of milk—Causes of arthritis — Surgical affections— Test for occult blood

—Diagnosis of syphilis —United States Pharmacopoeia —Court-martial order,

venereal disease 373

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE STATISTICS, LETTERS, ORDERS, COMMENTS 389

Number 4

PREFACE v

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS vi

SPECIAL ARTICLES :

GLANDULAR THERAPY AND BODY GROWTH.

By Capt. D. N. Carpenter and Lieut. D. Ferguson, Medical Corps, U. S. N

417

SANITATION IN AMERICAN SAMOA.

By Lieut. Commander D. Hunt, Medical Corps, U. S. N 438

MALINGERING PRETENDED BLINDNESS.

By Jack I. Kurtz, B. S 449

DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF SYPHILIS.

By Lieut. Commander W. H. Connor, Medical Corps, U. S. N 456

MEDICAL AND OTHER ASPECTS OF THE EARTHQUAKE AND TIDAL WAVE IN CHILE.

By Lieuts. E. A. Stephens and J. F. Terrell, Medical Corps, U. S. N 462

EDITORIAL :

Concerning flat feet— On the treatment of traumatic synovitis— On the role of poisonous amines — Some

general principles of dermatological treatment —On the value of Wassermann reaction

as a control of treatment 466

NOTES AND COMMENTS:

Resistance and Immunity —The pock-marked and vaccination —Map-changing

medicine — Treatment of amebiasis — Value of art to medicine— Bismuth in the

treatment of syphilis—Chelsea Physic Garden —Annual meeting of the American

Medical Association 482

BOOK NOTICES 493

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE STATISTICS, LETTERS, ORDERS, COMMENTS 503

Number 5

PREFACE v

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS vi

SPECIAL ARTICLES :

Observation on some causes of physical rejection for the service.

By Capt. D. N. Carpenter, and Lieut. D. Ferguson, Medical Corps, U. S.

Navy 545

Naval hospital at San Diego, Calif.

By Capt A W. Dunbar, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy 557

Advances made in our professional work during the past year.

By Lieut Commander W. D. Owens, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy- 560

Surgical abdomen.

By Lieut. Commander G. W. Shepard, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy. 560

Internal derangements of the knee joint.

By Dr. John Dunlop 575

Hyperthyroidism.

By Lieut. Commander J. B. Pollard, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy. 585

Chronic appendicitis.

By Lieut C. L. Andrus, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy 589

Yaws, a study based on over 2,000 cases treated in American Samoa.

By Lieut. Commander D. Hunt and Lieut A. L. Johnson, Medical Corps, U.

S. Navy 599

Eliminators.

By Lieut Commander H. E. Harvey, Dental Corps, U. S. Navy_ 608

EDITORIAL :

Naval dental school —Pilonidal cysts — Sensitization diseases —Treatment

of the diarrheas —Chronicle of tuberculosis 611

NOTES AND COMMENTS :—

The Lancet — Relation of weight to mortality— Recent work in connection

with plague —The Sofle A. Nordhoff— Jung cancer research prize —The great

imitator —Neurological examination In tabes 625

BOOK NOTICES 643

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, STATISTICS, LETTERS, ORDERS, NEW LEGISLATION, ETC

647

Number 6

PREFACE v

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS VI

SPECIAL ARTICLES :

Present status of anthelmintic medication.

By Maurice C. Hall 673

Roentgenological diagnosis of bone tumors.

By Lieutenant R. W. Hutchinson, Medical Corps, U. S. N 679

HOOKWORM STUDIES IN AMERICAN SAMOA.

By Lieutenant Commander D. Hunt and Lieutenant A. L. Johnson, Medical

Corps, U. S. N 685

Pulmonary symptoms incident to infection of the accessory sinuses of

the nose.

By Lieutenant R. T. Mclntire, Medical Corps, U. S. N 688

Local anesthesia.

By Lieutenant O. D. King, Medical Corps, U. S. N 693

Diagnosis and treatment of otitis media.

By Lieutenant A. G. Wenzell, Medical Corps, U. S. N 698

EDITORIAL :

Syphilis of the lung— On safety in aviation. — Diagnosis of early pulmonary

tuberculosis. —On the symptoms of renal calculi.— Etiology of gallbladder

disease. — On the formation and re formation of renal calculi. — On the origin

of gallstones 705

NOTES AND COMMENTS :

Bilharziasis in Portugal.—Permanent effects of tonsillectomy. —A new

view of the atom. —Zinc poisoning. — The proper attitude in golf. —The danger

of the mild case of scarlet fever. —Syphilis of the lung. — Observations on

nose and throat work in Boston. —The falling death rate of tuberculosis. —

Fumigation with hydrogen cyanid. —United States Pharniacopoeia 719

BOOK NOTICES 737

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, STATISTICS, LETTERS, ORDERS, NEW LEGISLATION, ETC

743

INDEX I

If you have questions concerning reproductions, please contact the Contributing Library.

Note: The colors, contrast and appearance of these illustrations are unlikely to be true to life. They are derived from scanned images that have been enhanced for machine interpretation and have been altered from their originals.

Read/Download from the Internet Archive

See all images from this book

See all MHL images published in the same year

Qiao's Pathology: Cholesterol gallstone by Qiao's Pathology (Art and Science in Medicine)

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Gallbladder: Gross Photo. Cholesterol stone, single, yellow, and round in shape. Jian-Hua Qiao, MD, FCAP, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

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Day Surgery at Royal Free (done) by Koji Moriya

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www.royalfree.nhs.uk/patients-visitors/day-surgery/

Key hole surgery to remove gallbladder on 18th July 2019

06:40 - Heading to the hospital

07:00 - Admission

07:30 onward - asked my name and DoB by the practitioners many times as well as answering more specific questions.

09:00 - Ushered to the theatre

11:00 - I woke up and I could not understand where I was, why my throat was so painful, why I was there and, then, I remembered having the surgery. A second before I woke up, my recollection was that I had been talking to the nurses at the theatre about the mental health setting that I work at another NHS Trust.

11:30 - Moved to a recovery room

13:30 - allowed to have light lunch

18:45 - at home greeted by the cats, "where is our dinner tonight?"

peppermint herb by Constantin Simion

Who does not know this herb and especially its taste, which gives you the feeling of freshness drink?

Herb teas used both in case of stomach pain or diarrhea.

The scientific name is - MENTHA PIPERITA.

Peppermint grows in gardens and in mountainous areas.

Plant reaches a height of 30-80 cm in bushes.

Blooms in June-July.

Peppermint contains essential oils (menthol) and tannins.

It collects only the shaded areas.

From mint leaves are used.

Peppermint-natural treatments

The Egyptians used it to fight cramps, ancient Greek women face rubbed with fresh leaves of mint to smell nice and to have healthy skin.

The oil extracted from mint leaves is used since antiquity to relieve headaches.

Tea is soothing classic abdominal colic and colic gallbladder.

It is used to treat stomach and intestines.

Just in liver diseases, treatment with mint tea is very effective.

Peppermint has an astringent and combat inflammation, has a constipating effect, which is why give in cases of diarrhea.

Help in cases of: bloating, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain.

Relieves pain uterus.

It has a refreshing effect on the nervous system and circulatory ... read more ...

Qiao's Pathology: Gallbladder glandular dysplasia, low grade by Qiao's Pathology (Art and Science in Medicine)

Gallbladder. Microscopic Photo: Patchy low grade dysplasia involving flat mucosa, papillae, Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses. H & E Stain. Jian-Hua Qiao, MD, FCAP, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

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The first rule of Surgery Recovery Club is self-portrait, right? by Kevin O'Mara

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