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This photo flowstone in the cave at Lewis and Clark Caverns State Park was taken without flash. I am always surprised how well the Canon Mark IV does in really low light. The image has noise but turned out better than I expected.
Though they bear their name, Lewis and Clark never saw the caves, however, they did passed trough the canyon where the caves are located. On July 31, 1805 they camped within a mile of the caverns. From oral histories we know that several of the native tribes knew of their existence. Given the right weather condition steam arose from natural cave entrances.
In 1882, after hearing stories from Native Americans of great caves, two men, Charles Brooke and Mexican John, from Whitehall Montana decided to explore the area looking for caves. They found the entrance but neither shared the exact location. The caves were rediscovered in 1892 by two local hunters, Tom Williams and Burt Pannell. The hole they found was too deep to enter so Williams returned in 1898 with ropes, candles, and six other men. They lowered themselves in to “Discovery Hole”. Williams later built rope ladders and led parties into the cave on candle lii tours.
In 1902 Williams convinced local investor, Dan Morrison, to develop the caverns for tours. The problem was the cave was on land granted to the railroad. A law suit followed, and Morrison lost but the cave became know as Morrisons Cave. The railroad gave the property to the Federal Government.
On May 11 1908, President Theodore Roosevelt proclaimed the area around the caverns entrance as Lewis and Clark National Monument. He named it in honor of the two early explorers. The monument was enlarged by President Taft in 1911. After becoming a National Monument, the caverns was operated on an erratic basis under the control of the Superintendent of Yellowstone National Park, and in 1917 under the control of the newly formed National Park Service. Technically, after 1917, the caverns were closed, with only a custodian and Mr. Morrison holding keys to the locked cave until 1936 when the area surrounding the caverns became a state park. The park has been known as both Morrison Caverns State Park and Lewis and Caverns State Park with the State of Montana finally decided on the later.
Much of the park as we see it today is due in large part to the efforts of the Civilian Conservation Core during Great Depression of the 1930s. From the summer of 1935 until the summer of 1941 there were 175 to 200 young men working in or around the cave. Many improvements were added during this period, including 3.2 miles of scenic highway through Greer Gulch to the parking area, a refurbished picnic area, the stone Headquarters House, and extensive development work inside the cavern. Today the Lewis and Clarks Caverns is a National Historic District listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Geologically the growth of a limestone cave requires more than soluble rock and acidic water. In addition, the permeability of the limestone must be concentrated along joints, faults, or bedding planes to facilitate water flow. Sufficient topographic relief must be present from surface stream entrenchment that water will flow quickly through the subsurface.
Lewis and Clark Caverns formed in units of the Mississippian Madison Limestone. The caverns are localized at the base of a unit of the Madison called the Mission Canyon Limestone, There the groundwater flow was perched above the a less-soluble and less permeable unit called the Lodgepole Limestone which caused flow and dissolution to be concentrated along the boundary of the two units. A small Laramide (a period of mountain building in western North America between 75 to 40 million years ago) anticline provided fractures in the rock, opening up bedding plane faults and axial plane joints. Dissoultion of the cave began within the past four million years, when the Jefferson River cut a 1500 foot deep canyon through the anticline.
I was shooting something in the opposite direction and only heard these geese approaching at the last minute, so I didn't have a lot of time to think about the shot, exposure and composition. I'm not sure if i really like it or not, but i thought it was worth a post to see what feedback it would get, tell me what you think? I did get a few frames before and after this one, but in the earlier shots the birds get lost in the landscape and after they are too dispersed.
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©2010 Jason Swain, All Rights Reserved
This image is not available for use on websites, blogs or other media without the explicit written permission of the photographer.
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Classic Formation
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Picses Fish Formation: Lower Antelope Canyon Page Arizona Fuji GFX100 Fine Art Landscape Photography Red Sandstone Slot Canyons Rock Formations! Dr. Elliot McGucken Master Medium Format Arizona Landscape Nature Photographer American Desert Southwest !
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Sedimentary formations dot the landscape of Southern Africa between Upington, South Africa and Luderitz, Namibia. This is evidence that at one time in the past eons, this whole area was underwater. Image taken from a small plane flying over this barren yet colorful landscape with a personality all its own.
TORRE DEL MAR, MALAGA, SPAIN-JUL 30: Aircraft of the formation Plus Ultra taking part in a exhibition on the 2nd airshow of Torre del Mar on July 30, 2017, in Torre del Mar, Malaga, Spain
© 2013 Thousand Word Images by Dustin Abbott
The deep cold of winter begins a transformation of the river into something altogether different. My community was once a major lumber provider, and when the deep freeze had set in, logging trucks used to drive a kilometer or so ACROSS the surface of the river between the provinces of Ontario and Quebec. The forming ice is often hidden by a layer of snow, but unique conditions this year have added some transparency to the process. I was out on the ice to capture this photo.
Technical information Canon EOS 6D, Rokinon 14mm f/2.8, Processed in Adobe Lightroom 5, Photoshop CC, and Alien Skin Exposure 5
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P-51-D Mustang "Never Miss" and Vought FG-1D Corsair flying in formation near the end of the Geneseo Air Show.
30 ish miles from my house is this fantastic set of rock formations in a red mesa. I have always wanted to go explore it and take pictures, especially a sunrise picture with the San Fransisco peaks (Flagstaff, AZ.) in the background. Me and my young son took off at five am, and where able to capture these shots. This is pure South West, USA landscape. God loves you! www.bbctkd.com/salvation
(1 in a multiple picture album)
I had to chuckle as Highway 9 in the higher elevation of Zion neared Checkerboard Mesa. There was a sign which said, "Curve Ahead". No kidding! There was a huge formation in my windshield and I would have likely turned to miss it without the warning.
Checkerboard Mesa is a very interesting piece of rock. The horizontal lines are carved by sand-carrying wind. The vertical lines are cracks in the surface of the monolith.
A good day out today at fairburn Ings, got some good shots of the kingfisher plus loads of the usual suspets, was introduced to another of my contacts 'black cat photos' ..nice meeting you M. and got loads of gulls in flight.....i've had worse days..lol.
While we were waiting to disembark after a fun cruise on the Carnival Liberty, these guys put on a show of formation flying.
View from Weka Pass near Waikari, January 5, 2013 on our way home.
Weka Pass is a gorge located in the northern Canterbury region of New Zealand's South Island between the towns of Waipara and Waikari.
The Waipara River cut the Weka Pass by wearing down the soft limestone and mudstone in the area. Erosion has created a number of distinctive limestone formations in the pass, which are known by descriptive names such as Frog Rock and The Seal. The Pass is home to various species of bird, including the weka, kākā, and kiwi, and was also home to the extinct moa.
Māori rock art can be found under a limestone overhang, and it is now the prime attraction of the Weka Pass Historic Park. Māori first explored the area approximately a millennium ago and used the limestone overhang for shelter. Early European explorers utilised the overhang for the same purpose.
State Highway 7 runs through the Weka Pass, and so does a railway line. This railway was established in 1882 and although originally intended to be part of the Main North Line from Christchurch to Nelson and Blenheim, the main line ultimately took a coastal route northwards from Waipara and the line through the Weka Pass became part of the Waiau Branch. This branch line operated until 15 January 1978, and the section through the Weka Pass has been saved by a preservation group, the Weka Pass Railway. It is now one of the premier restored/tourist railways in New Zealand.
For More Info: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weka_Pass
Waikari is located on State Highway 7 near the Weka Pass and was served by the Waiau Branch railway from 6 April 1882 until its closure on 15 January 1978. The section of the railway through the Weka Pass has been retained by the Weka Pass Railway and preserved trains operate between Waipara and Waikari.
The town is also located near the site of Māori cave art and rock drawings in the Weka Pass Reserve.
For More Info: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waikari
Icy water from Lake Champlain sprayed onto the grass, rocks, sticks and who knows what else and froze into a wonderful glaze, creating a little wonderland of ice creatures.
The classic delta formation (I'm sure there is a term for this, but I don't know what it is) looks a little different from the side, given how close all of the aircraft are.