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The mills are an important feature of Maynard's development. The earliest saw and grist mills were built in the early 18th century. Two of the earliest mills were the Puffer Mill and the Asa Smith's Mill, which were located on Taylor Brook and Mill Street, respectively. These were the first mills to use the Assabet River for power; therefore, they were very slow and sluggish. The grist and saw mill were then followed by paper mills, which were built starting in 1820.
The Mill is easily Maynard's most prominent feature. The complex takes up 11 acres in the middleof what we call downtown. The Mill complex began in 1847 as set of wooden buildings used to manufacture carpets and carpet yarn. Amory Maynard helped construct this mill. His partner, William H. Knight, helped him build a dam across the Assabet and dug a canal channeling a portion of the river into what is called Mill Pond. The Mill changed hands a few times but it would eventually become the largest woolen factory in the world till the 1930s.
The 1950's ushered in a change from textiles to businesses like computer manufacturing. With the start of the final decade of the century the Mill is on the cusp of being transformed again.
It is said that "as the Mill goes, so goes Maynard". While the town isn't as dependent on the Mill as it was in 19th century it continues to play an important role in shaping the character of the town.
We hope you enjoy this historical perspective of the Mill. It has been pieced together from a variety of sources and continues to be enriched as we discover new materials to include, increase the number of hyperlinks and add pictures, diagrams, and sound..
The Mill from 1847 to 1977
The site of the mill was once part of the town of Sudbury, while the opposite bank of the Assabet River belonged to Stow. The present town, formed in 1871, was named for the man most responsible for its development, Amory Maynard.
Born in 1804, Maynard was running his own sawmill business at the age of sixteen. In the 1840's, he went into partnership with a carpet manufacturer for whom he'd done contracting. They dammed up the Assabet and diverted water into a millpond to provide power for a new mill, which opened in 1847, producing carpet yarn and carpets. Only one of the original mill buildings survives: it was moved across Main Street and now is an apartment house.
Amory Maynard's carpet firm failed in the business panic of 1857. But the Civil War allowed the Assabet Manufacturing Company, organized in 1862 with Maynard as the managing "agent", to prosper by producing woolens, flannels and blankets for the army. This work was carried on in new brick mill buildings.
Expansion of the mill over many years is evidenced by the variations in the architecture of the structures still standing.
The oldest portion of Building 3 dates from 1859, making it the oldest part of the mill in existence today, but several additions were made afterwards. Buildings constructed in the late 1800's frequently featured brick arches over the windows, and at times new additions were made to match neighboring structures.
The best-known feature is the clock donated in memory of Amory Maynard by his son Lorenzo in 1892. Its four faces, each nine feet in diameter, are mechanically controlled by a small timer inside the tower. Neither the timer nor the bell mechanism has ever been electrified; custodians still climb 120 steps to wind the clock every week- 90 turns for the timer and 330 turns for the striker.
Amory Maynard died in 1890, but his son and grandson still held high positions in the mill's management. The family's local popularity plummeted, however, when the Assabet Manufacturing Company failed late in 1898. Workers lost nearly half of their savings which they had deposited with the company, since there were no banks in town. Their disillusionment nearly resulted in changing the town's name from Maynard to Assabet.
Prosperity returned in 1899 when the American Woolen Company, an industrial giant, bought the Assabet Mills and began to expand them, adding most of the structures now standing. The biggest new unit was Building 5, 610 feet long which contained more looms than any other woolen mill in the world. Building 1, completed in 1918, is the newest; the mill pond had been drained to permit construction of its foundation. These buildings have little decoration, but their massiveness is emphasized by the buttress-like brick columns between their windows.
The turn of the century saw a changeover from gas to electric lights at the mill. Until the 1930's the mill generated not only its own power but also electricity for Maynard and several other towns. For years the mill used 40-cycle current. Into the late 1960's power produced by a water wheel was used for outdoor lighting, including the Christmas tree near Main Street. The complex system of shafts and belts once used to distribute power from a central source was rendered obsolete by more efficient small electric motors, just as inexpensive minicomputers have often replaced terminals tied to one large processor.
As the mill grew, so did the town. Even in 1871, the nearly 2,000 people who became Maynard's first citizens outnumbered the people left in either Sudbury or Stow. Maynard's first population almost doubled in the decade between 1895 and 1905, when reached nearly 7,000 people. Most of the workers lived in houses owned by the company, many of which have been refurbished and are used today. The trains that served th town and the mill, however, are long gone - the depot site is now occupied by a gas station.
Most of the original mill workers had been local Yankees and Irish immigrants. But by the early 1900's, the Assabet Mills were employing large numbers of newcomers from Finland, Poland, Russia and Italy. The latest arrivals were often escorted to their relatives or friends by obliging post office workers. The immigrants made Maynard a bustling, multi-ethnic community while Stow, Sudbury and Acton remained small, rural villages. Farmers and their families rode the trolley to Maynard to shop and to visit urban attractions then unknown in their own towns, including barrooms and movie houses.
Wages were low and the hours were long. Early payrolls show wages of four cents an hour for a sixty hour week. Ralph Sheridan of the Maynard Historical Society confirmed that in 1889 his eldest brother was making 5 1/2 cents an hour in the mill's rag shop at the age of fourteen, while their father was earning 16 1/2 cents per hour in the boiler room. (As of 1891 one-eighth of the workers were less than 16 years old, and one-quarter were women.)
Sheridan's own first job at the mill, in the summer of 1915, paid $6.35 for a work week limited to 48 hours by child labor laws. The indestructible "bullseye" safe still remains in the old Office Building.
Sheridan remembers the bell that was perched on top of Building 3:
"...the whistle on the engine room gave one blast at quarter of the hour, and then at about five minutes of the hour the gave one blast again. And everyone was supposed to be inside the gate when that second whistle blew. And then at one minute of the hour this bell rang just once, a quick ring- and we referred to it as "The Tick" because of that..... everybody was supposed to start work at that time, at that moment."
A worker was sent home if he'd forgotten to wear his employee's button, marked "A.W.Co.,Assabet".
The millhands really had to work, too. Sheridan recalls one winter evening when there was such a rush to get out an order of cloth for Henry Ford that the men were ordered to invoice it from the warehouse, now Building 21, instead of from the usual shipping room:
"There was no heat in the building, never had been. And it was so cold that I remember that I had to cut the forefinger and the thumb from the glove that I was wearing in order to handle the pencil to do the invoicing....the yard superintendant at the time brought in some kerosene lanterns and put 'em under our chairs to keep our feet warm."
Building 21, built out over the pond, remained unheated until DIGITAL took it over.
As in most Northern mill towns, labor relations were often troubled. In 1911 the company used Poles to break the strike of Finnish workers. When no longer able to play off one nationality against another, management for years took advantage of rivalries between different unions. The Great Depression hit the company hard, however. In 1934 it sold all the houses it owned, mostly to the employees who lived in them; and New Deal labor laws encouraged the workers to form a single industrial union, which joined the C.I.O.
World War II brought a final few years of good times to the woolens industry. The mill in Maynard operated around the clock with over two thousand employees producing such items as blankets and cloth for overcoats for the armed forces. But when peace returned, the long-term trends resumed their downward drift, and in 1950 the American Woolen Company shut down its Assabet Mills entirely. Like many New England mills, Maynard's had succumbed to a combination of Southern and foreign competition, relatively high costs and low productivity, and the growing use of synthetic fibers.
'Til then a one-industry town, Maynard was in trouble. In 1953, however, ten Worcester businessmen bought the mill and began leasing space to tenants, some of which were established firms, while others were just getting started. One of the new companies which found the low cost of Maynard Industries' space appealing was Digital Equipment Corporation, which started operations in 8,680 square feet in the mill in 1957.
A Mill Chronology
1846 Amory Maynard and William Knight form Assabet Mills.
1847 Maynard and Knight install a water wheel and build a new factory on the banks of the Assabet River.
1848 The Assabet Mills business is valued at $150,000.
The Lowell and Framingham Railroad carries passengers over branch road.
1855 The Mill now has three buildings on the site. Massachusetts is producing one-third of the textiles in the United States.
1857 Assabet Mills collapses after a business panic. The Mill complex is sold at an auction.
1862 The Mills are reorganized as Assabet Manufacturing Company. This involve replacing wooden buildings with brick, and the installation of new machinery. To fulfill contracts to the government during the Civil War production is switched from carpets to woolen cloth, blankets, and flannel.
The first tenement for employees are also constructed.
1869 Millhands peition President Ulysses S. Grant for a shorter work week ... 55 hours.
1871 The Town of Maynard incorporates. The population stands at 2,000
1888 A reservoir is installed for $70,000 to supply a growing population.
1890 The Assabet Manufacturing Company is valued at $1,500,000.
1892 Lorenzo Maynard donates clock in his father's name.
The Mill Complex contains seven buildings.
1898 Assabet Manufacturing Company declares bankruptcy. Many people in town lose much of their savings as banks have not yet been established.
1899 American Woolen Company purchases the Mill complex for $400,000. This company would eventually control 20% of the woolen textile market in the U.S. Wool was shipped all over the country to keep up with demand.
1901 160 additional tenements are constructed with their own sewage system. The streets are named after U.S. presidents.
The first electric trolley in Maynard begins service.
Building Number 5, the Mill complex's largest, is built in nine months. Electric power is introduced with the addition of dynamos on site.
1906 The Mill complex now has 13 buildings.
1910 The Mill complex grows to 25 buildings. Floor space is at 421,711 square feet. The property takes up 75 acres.
1918 With the addition of three new buildings the American Wollen Company and the Mill are in their heyday. The fortunes of the industry begin to decline over the next 30 years.
1947 After a brief spell of prosperity during World War II, the Mill phases out production as demand for woolen goods declines.
1950 Mill closes. 1,200 employees lose their jobs.
1953 Maynard Industries, Inc. purchases the Mill for $200,000. Space is rented to business and industrial tenants.
1957 Three engineers set up shop on the second floor of Building 12. With $70,000 and 8,600 square feet of rented space Digital Equipment Corporation is formed.
1960 Over thirty firms are located within the Mill complex.
1974 Digital Equipment Corporation purchases the entire Mill complex for $2.2 million. The Mill has over 1 million square feet in 19 buildings residing on 11 acres.
1992 The 100th anniversary of the Mill Clock is celebrated.
1993 Digital Equipment Corporation announces that it plans to leave the Mill complex. A search for a new tenant is started.
1995 Franklin Life Care purchases the Mill. Digital continues to rent space in Building 5.
1998 Mill purchased by Clock Tower Place.
Sources
* "Digital's Mill 1847-1977", a brochure published by Digital Equipment Corporation in 1977.
* "A Walk Through the Mill...", published by Digital Equipment Corporation for the Mill Clock Centennial.
Part of a very "interesting" water feature / fountain in someone's front yard. Quite creative and rather... silly!
"Everybody needs beauty as well as bread, places to play in and pray in, where nature may heal and give strength to body and soul."
-John Muir
A day at Delicate Arch in Arches National Park, Utah.
Delicate Arch, featured on the Utah license plate is probably the most popular natural arch in the country. I've seen this arch as the countless subject of innumerable photos, but it's always the arch standing majestically alone and seemingly undisturbed against a dramatic sky or under the milky way. It gives you the impression that few are out enjoying these natural landmarks.
But reality couldn't be further from the truth. This was my first trip to some of the more popular destinations in the midwest. Here in our parks in West Virginia, you may encounter only a dozen or so people even on the most popular trails. It's few enough to briefly take you out of an isolated nature state of mind when you do see people or catch a whiff of perfume out in the woods. However, at Arches, Bryce Canyon, Horseshoe Bend, etc there's always enough people, everywhere that you never feel isolated. With shuttle buses, sometimes requiring hours of waiting, taking people throughout the parks, single file unbroken lines of people on the trails, and literally waiting in line with a number of other photographers to get those iconic lone, majestic landmark shots.
The national parks have become a veritable Disney Land, that was the first thought that came to mind. It was very frustrating to see, at first. However, when you step back to think about it and reflect on the words of John Muir, in some ways, wasn't this the goal with the National Parks? To not only preserve nature but to give everyone an outlet to get out and enjoy these sites? Until Ansel Adams brought his photos taken out west for the world to see, people who had only lived on the East Coast had no idea that places like Yosemite existed and would have given little thought of its preservation.
Today, the world is smaller and everything is more accessible. A journey toward far away lands that once took a month to reach, often times arriving with only a fraction of the party you began with, now can take a day to reach by car or plane. Why look at a photograph when you can go there? How many times have you told someone that the photograph only tells half the story, it was really something you just had to be there to see for yourself to appreciate the impact? If people in Ansel Adams day could be moved by photographs toward the desire to preserve these places, how fervent will that desire be when they actually have the opportunity to SEE them in person?
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Tim Holdsclaw, a Pittsburg State University senior, lines up his shot at the Phi Sigma Kappa recruitment event on Wednesday, January 16, 2013. Every semester, all of the Greek organizations on campus organize events to try and recruit more members. (Photo by Kelsey Kirkpatrick)
featured in "un rolleiflex au Maroc" photo book available at lem's garage/tictail store
photo extraite du livre "un rolleiflex au Maroc" disponible à lem's garage/tictail store
The Daily Detergent feature of the super-wide BMW 740i. For the full feature, check out Daily Detergent at the link below.
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A Hume staff member tries out one of our new paddle boards on the lake.
Super stable and buoyant, these boards are a great new way to get out and enjoy the view and the breeze on Hume Lake.
Come visit us for a day or a whole week—don't forget to check out our new lodge rates and meal packages.
ICT Discovery
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Traces of nature and math. Venezuelan architect and illustrator @rafaelaraujo2222 lets the golden ratio guide his beautiful patterns. #regram # #goldenratio #illustration #design #nature #shells #math
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ITU photos are subject to copyright by ITU (and the photographer, if indicated). ITU photos are shared for information purposes and may be re-used under the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND: This license allows reusers to copy and distribute the material in any medium or format in unadapted form only, for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator/s. More details on Creative Commons licenses are available at www.creativecommons.org.
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The ladies attending the 2011 Mother Daughter Retreat getting ready to go off-roading (well, fire-roading to be exact) up the backside of Sunshine Mountain in Hume's fleet of Suzuki Samurai's.
While off-road tours haven't always been part of women's retreats at Hume Lake, they've grown in popularity ever since they were introduced—by popular demand!
Come join us this year for a weekend retreat, family vacation, or romantic getaway!
Men on a Mission are making quick work of what will be a most welcome expansion of the Ponderosa deck.
In the back left you can see Ponderosa Lodge, one of the original buildings on the grounds when Hume Lake Christian Camps first purchased the property back in 1946.
This deck will be used by over 10,000 people this Summer as they enjoy their refreshments from Hume'N'Beans and the FroSo while taking in the majestic view of Hume Lake, Wren Peak, and the mountains beyond.
Featuring flattering mesh and solid panels in just the right places, our Shaper Legging will enhance your curves. Slimming lines for your legs, your waist and your behind.
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photos shot for The Feature Image.
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ITU photos are subject to copyright by ITU (and the photographer, if indicated). ITU photos are shared for information purposes and may be re-used under the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND: This license allows reusers to copy and distribute the material in any medium or format in unadapted form only, for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator/s. More details on Creative Commons licenses are available at www.creativecommons.org.
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It may not be a major photo or anything, but the fact my photo got into Playboy is a big deal to me. Maybe one day all this work will pay off
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In preparation for Summer, the ice skates are being taken out of the the Ark (Hume Lake's covered gaming area), and the roller/inline skates are being moved in.
Located in between Meadow Ranch lawn and The Pond, the Ark is a hub of activity all year long. During the Winter, it's home to Hume's famous broom hockey tournaments, and during the Summer junior high students play countless games of basketball, foosball, and ping-pong—not to mention the ridiculously fun team recreation games that go on there.
On exhibit: October 7th - November 12, 2016
Featuring the artwork of SoFla local artists: Adina Leshinsky; Adriana Leal; Alesia Miranda; Alexander Bobadilla; Alexis M. Pagan; Alice Acedia; Alyssa Rosales; Andrea Tauolacci; Andrea Verona; Annemarie Parapar; Apple Bunny; Arion Rashad; Ashleigh; Ashley Idell; Barbarasaurus; Blair Hess; Bobby Neal Furedi; Brian Reedy; Byron Ace!; Carlos De La Guera; Christine Schongar; Creative Pot Pie; Cristall Rodriguez; Cynthia Goodman; Dani & the Arts; Danielle Raysor; David Batista; Dee Wah-Lung; Elyenchie; Emma Sanchez; Erik B. Socorro; Gabreila Santamaria; Gabriel James; Gmoss; Gregory Dirr; Halcyon Wing; Haylee Goodman; Heather Belongie; Ian M. Santos; Inkeater; Israel Williams; James Whynot; Jamreloaded Flux; Jennie Lee; Jeremy Wallace; Jonathan Reid; Josie Bartolone; Justin Delgado; Katherine Mercado; Katie Dean; Kristen Frenzel; Krysten Deidrick; Kyle Pollock; Lauren Hagarty; Lazaro Canizares; Marilyn Besada; Mary Esther; Max Kagno; Melly Pereda; Miniver Patrice; MissMachineArt; Ms. Vaughan; Mya Larvajal; Natasha Bonham; Natasha R. Clark; Nerdcore Wares; Niki Li; Nilly Sweetie; Olivia Easter; Oscar E. Alonso; Patricia Fernandez; Patrick Keane; Paul Caprio; Randohf Vidaurreta; Red Jessica; Rosemary Jane; Sara Fox; Sarah Luggery; Shane Weaver; Simone Lee; Sophia Mulet; Sparkle Shark; Steadmond Smith; Stephanie Questell; Stibi Art; Tabitha Bruni; Tanya Lopez; Tate Wolfgang; Tatiana Esquivel; Thomas Ascott; Travis Amores; Ursalina Aguilar; vbit32; Veronica Christiansen; Wenjuice; Yessica Lepe and more!
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OPENING NIGHT FRIDAY 7th AUGUST! Collingwood Gallery!!! from 6pm.
The Heavenly Queen, also known as Mazu, lived from 960-987 during the Sung Dynasty. She became a legend after saving and helping many people.On the banks of the Maribyrnong River, a vacant site is in the process of being turned into a Buddhist temple, featuring 16-metre gold statue of the Heavenly Queen.
Next time you are traveling on the train line between Footscray and South Kensington stations look just South of the railway line for the glimpse of the statue