Description Katyn - decision of massacre p3.jpg

English: The accepted proposal of Lavrentin Beria to murder all Polish officer who were as the war prisoniers in the Soviet Union. 5.3.1940.

Polski: Notatka Ławrentina Berii do Józefa Stalina z propozycją wymordowania polskich jeńców - kolorowy skan z oryginalnego dokumentu.

Miejsce przechowywania: Rosyjskie Państwowe Archiwum Historii Społeczno-Politycznej (RGASPI), ul. Bolszaja Dmitrowka 15, Moskwa, sygnatura dokumentu: F.17 op. 166 sprawa 621 str. 130-133 (od 2003; w latach 1991 - 2003 był przechowywany w Archiwum Prezydenta Federacji Rosyjskiej w zbiorze "Zamknięty pakiet nr 1.

Tłumaczenie z języka rosyjskiego:

Biorąc pod uwagę, że wszyscy oni są zatwardziałymi, nie rokującymi poprawy wrogami władzy sowieckiej, NKWD ZSRR uważa za niezbędne:

I. Polecić NKWD ZSRR:

1) Sprawy znajdujących się w obozach dla jeńców wojennych 14.700 osób, byłych polskich oficerów, urzędników, obszarników, policjantów, agentów wywiadu, żandarmów, osadników i służby więziennej,

2) jak też sprawy aresztowanych i znajdujących się w więzieniach w zachodnich obwodach Ukrainy i Białorusi 11.000 osób, członków różnorakich k-r [kontrrewolucyjnych] szpiegowskich i dywersyjnych organizacji, byłych obszarników, fabrykantów, byłych polskich oficerów, urzędników i zbiegów

- rozpatrzyć w trybie specjalnym, z zastosowaniem wobec nich najwyższego wymiaru kary - rozstrzelanie.

II. Sprawy rozpatrzyć bez wzywania aresztowanych i bez przedstawiania zarzutów, decyzji o zakończeniu śledztwa i aktu oskarżenia - w następującym trybie:

a) wobec osób znajdujących się w obozach dla jeńców wojennych - według informacji przekazywanych przez Zarząd do Spraw Jeńców Wojennych NKWD ZSRR,

(Na marginesie ręcznie napisana adnotacja: "S. T. Sprawa NKWD ZSRR")

Date 1940-03-05

Source РГАСПИ Ф. 17 оп. 166 дело 621 лист 132. Подлинник. Scan from katyn.ru/index.php?go=Pages&in=view&id=6

This is a colour photocopy of official document legally transferred into the property of Polish Government, and first published in Poland, by Government of Poland in 1993.

Author Lavrentin Beria

From Wikipedia, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Katyn_-_decision_of_massacre_p...

Galgen Zofingen ( Letzte Hinrichtung 25. Januar 1796 - forca gibet gallows Richtstätte Richtplatz lieu d'exécution luogo di esecuzione place of execution ) im Wald auf dem Galgenberg bei Zofingen im Kanton Aargau der Schweiz

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B.urgentour durch den K.anton A.argau am Donnerstag den 05. November 2009 :

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Mit dem Z.ug von B.ern nach Z.ofingen

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Weiter mit dem F.ahrrad zum S.chloss M.arienburg in W.ikon und auf der R.ückfahrt

B.esuch der e.hemaligen R.ichtstätte am G.algenberg bei Z.ofingen und B.esuch der

r.ömischen M.osaike

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Weiter mit dem Z.ug von Z.ofingen über O.lten nach B.rugg

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Mit dem F.ahrrad zumg S.chlösschen A.ltenburg , anschliessend nach W.indisch -

V.indonissa - B.esuch der R.uine des A.mphitheaters und weiter mit dem F.ahrrad

nach H.absburg und B.esichtigung von S.chloss und R.uine H.absburg

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Mit dem F.ahrrad zurück nach B.rugg und weiter mit dem Z.ug nach B.ern

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Galgen Hospental ( forca gibet gallows Richtstätte Richtplatz lieu d'exécution luogo di esecuzione place of execution ) im St. Annawald zwischen Hospental und Andermatt im Urserental - Urseren im Kanton Uri der Schweiz

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Wanderug zum T.omas.ee am Dienstag den 03. September 2013

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Mit dem Z.ug von B.ern - B.rig - A.nderm.att auf den O.bera.lpp.ass

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Wanderung O.bera.lpp.ass - L.ai da T.uma ( U.R - 2`343m ) - B.adush.ütte ( G.R - 2`505m ) - P.azolas.tock ( G.R - U.R - 2`740m - P.iz N.urschalas ) - O.bera.lpp.ass

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Mit dem F.ahrr.ad O.bera.lpp.ass - A.nderm.att - S.t. A.nna ( U.R - 1`450m ) - S.t. A.nnaw.ald ( U.R - 1`400m ) - H.ospent.al - A.nderm.att - S.chöllenen

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Zu F.uss R.undw.eg S.chöllenen

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Mit dem F.ahrr.ad von S.chöllenen hinunter nach G.öschenen

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Mit dem Z.ug von G.öschenen über L.uzern zurück nach B.ern

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Execution Rocks Lighthouse tour August 6, 2009.

The Execution platform at Alanya Fortress gave the victim a 700 meter bounce to the sea. It was not possible to avoid the rocky sides or to halt before the bottom. Alanya_02

Registan (a sandy place): this public square was the centre of Samarkand and the site of a large market. It came to be used as the place where royal proclamations were made, public executions held, and trade & commerce conducted. In the 15th and 17th centuries, madrasas were built on three sides of the square. This design, madrasas facing each other across a square or street, is called a kosh, a "double, pair", as the building of madrasas are opposite each other on the sides of the street or square.

Janid dynasty (Astrakhanids or Toqay Timurids) 1599-1745, were the last Genghisid descendants to rule Bukhara.

Patron: Yalangtush Bakhodur (also known as Zhalantos Bahadur or Yalangtush Bi Alchin) 1576-1656, from the Uzbek tribe Alchin, was the military governor of Samarkand who ruled at the behest of the Bukhara-based Janid dynasty.

Architect: Usto Abdu Jabour.

Execution Rocks Lighthouse is located in Long Island Sound. Legend has it that the British used to chain prisoners to the rocks at low tide and wait for them to drown as the tide came in. The lighthouse was built in the 1840's and recently handed over to a non-profit for restoration. It is a 30 minute boat ride away from the shore, and has no electricity or running water, plus it is rumored to be haunted.

I love helping the Water Quality folks. Who knew a year ago (or any time reference for that matter) that I would be pulling gears on the back of a research vessel in a snowstorm all over Long Island Sound? Definately not me. I'm loving this wonderful journey!

This was taken in the execution cell in Crumlin Road Gaol in Belfast. The rope dates back to the time of the last executions but was a spare that was not used to take a life.

Title by Olivia Hern

A marble cross embedded into a path on Plymouth Hoe.. The cross is on the spot where 3 marines were executed many years ago..

In its issue dated Monday July 10th 1797, the Sherborne & Yeovil Mercury reported the event:

'PLYMOUTH, July 8 - On Wednesday morning an express arrived here from the War-Office, with a warrant for the execution of Lee, Coffy, and Branning, three marines who were last week tried by a General Court-Martial, and found guilty of an attempt to excite a mutiny among the marine corps at Stone-house Barracks; and on Thursday at 12 o'clock the troops at this place and in the neighbourhood, consisting of the Sussex fencible cavalry, four companies of the royal artillery, the Lancashire, East Devon and Essex regiments of militia, the 25th regiment of foot, royal independent invalids, and Plymouth volunteers, assembled on the Hoe, and formed in a half circle in order to witness the execution. M Gennis, another marine tried for a similar crime, and sentenced to receive 1000 lashes, and to be afterwards transported to Botany Bay for life, was brought on the ground soon after twelve o'clock, and received 500 lashes, and then conveyed back to Stone-house Barracks.

'At half past one o'clock, Lee, Coffy and Branning were marched from the citadel under the escort of a party of marines, with a coffin before each, preceded by the band of that corps playing the Dead March in Saul. The former was attended by the Rev. Dr. Hawker; and the two latter by a Roman Catholic priest, who after praying with them near an hour, quitted them, and they all three knelt on their coffins for a few minutes, when an officer of marines came and drew the caps over their faces, and a party of twenty marines immediately came down and put a period to their existence by discharging the contents of their muskets through their bodies, after which all the regiments marched round them in solemn procession, the whole forming, perhaps, one one of the most awful scenes that the human eye ever witnessed. They all behaved in a manner becoming their melancholy situation, and apparently very resigned and penitent. About thirty thousand people were supposed to be present at the execution'.

July 8th was a Saturday and the day of the execution was thus Thursday July 6th 1797.

ARTSY FARTSY (5/7)

Computer viruses are running rampant recently and I got a different one on each of my two 'puters. That has set me behind. My execution of today's entry is off, but in the spirit of abstract, it kinda fits.

Now to today's offering:

Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech, 1st Marquis of Púbol (May 11, 1904 – January 23, 1989) was a prominent Spanish Catalan surrealist painter born in Figueres.

Dalí (Spanish pronunciation: [da' li]) was a skilled draftsman, best known for the striking and bizarre images in his surrealist work. His painterly skills are often attributed to the influence of Renaissance masters. His best-known work, The Persistence of Memory (partially depicted above), was completed in 1931. Dalí's expansive artistic repertoire includes film, sculpture, and photography, in collaboration with a range of artists in a variety of media.

Dalí attributed his "love of everything that is gilded and excessive, my passion for luxury and my love of oriental clothes" to a self-styled "Arab lineage," claiming that his ancestors were descended from the Moors.

Dalí was highly imaginative, and also had an affinity for partaking in unusual and grandiose behavior, in order to draw attention to himself. This sometimes irked those who loved his art as much as it annoyed his critics, since his eccentric manner sometimes drew more public attention than his artwork.

Dran, "Public Execution", POW, Londres, Février 2015

See the original post here: Teresa Lewis Execution

Wolfenbüttel Prison

Memorial for the Victims of Nazi Justice

Legible when viewed in original size.

New Collage Book 3 - 2012 - Moleskine

I am in the process of painting a wall in our dining room, so I thought the message on my destined-for-painting shirt was pretty funny in that context. Particularly because the execution was far from flawless! :-))

Sincere apologies to those who have been traumatized by this retina-searing image. I'll try not to put you through this again...

No need to view this on black, it's even worse that way.

RockMetalCampFest 2012

Piazzale Ostiense, Rome

Zwei Galgensäulen - Ruinen des Galen Vicosoprano ( Letzte Hinrichtung 01. Oktober 1795 - forca gibet gallows Richtstätte lieu d'exécution luogo di esecuzione place of execution ) in der Waldlichtung Cudin bei Vicosoprano in der Gemeinde Bregaglia im Bergell im Kanton Graubünden - Grischun der Schweiz

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Ausflug ins B.ergell am Samstag den 19. Dezember 2015

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Mit dem Z.ug von B.ern über Z.ürich - C.hur nach S.t. M.oritz und weiter mit dem P.osta.uto bis C.astasegna

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Zu. F.uss C.astasegna - B.ondo - P.romontogno

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P.er A.utos.top von P.romontogno nach V.icosoprano

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B.esuch der K.irchen und dem G.algen von V.icosoprano

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Mit dem P.osta.uto von V.icosoprano nach M.aloja

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B.esuch der S.perrstelle M.aloja

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Mit dem B.us von M.aloja nach S.t. M.oritz und weiter mit dem Z.ug über S.agliains - K.losters - L.andquart - Z.ürich nach B.ern

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Cameroon executions - Buhari - Ghana's PDC-WDCs

An African Leader Bestiary

Talking Drums - May 28, 1984 issue

The firing range. Folks would be lined up in the covered area in the foreground and the execution squad would stand at the far end. Eventually the Nazis realized that they needed a better, more efficient means of extermination and built the facility in the background.

ift.tt/1MDRYbr Civilians watch the execution of German soldiers and a collaborator (center) when Soviet forces recaptured Kiev. The placards on the Germans (right and left) read “Murderer and Arsonist”. The placard of the civilian reads (in part) “Traitor”, Kiev, Nov/Dec 1943, by Anatoly Arkhipov. [1276x968] #HistoryPorn #history #retro ift.tt/1PHA5mR via Histolines

much better here Large

Executions of Jews by German army mobile killing units, in German, the Einsatzgruppen, near Ivangorod, Ukraine, 1942. The iconic photo was mailed from the Eastern Front to Germany and intercepted at a Warsaw post office by a member of the Polish resistance collecting documentation on Nazi war crimes. I discovered something on this picture that might rewrite its comprehension. As you can see, they are wearing bags on their heads, except the woman with a child -also with a bag- who, as it can be seen on the left side, has thrown his bag and run away. A soldier is killing her for doing so. In any case, it is known that everybody depicted was executed. Today it marks the Holocaust Remembrance Day, in remembrance of the victims, survivors, and rescuers of the Holocaust. The picture shows the Einsatzgruppen, an aspect often not considered when people think on the Holocaust. They were SS paramilitary death squads responsible for mass killings, generally by shooting. The Einsatzgruppen not only were involved in the murder of hundreds of intellectuals, but of thousands of innocent civilians, Jews, and Gypsies.

#colored #colorized #colourised #colorization #colourisation #color #colour #history #ww1 #wwi #worldwarone #greatwar #thegreatwar #ww2 #wwii #worldwartwo #holocaustrememberanceday #holocaustrememberanceday #holocaust

On side of a lonely train bridge in a town where there is no graff so i thought it was cool..

The Postcard

A Dainty Series postcard that was printed in England. The card was posted in Worthing on Tuesday the 16th. July 1907 to:

Miss Elsie Smale,

2, Pembroke Road,

South Norwood,

London S.E.

The message on the divided back of the card was as follows:

"c/o Mrs. Lynn,

'Edgeworth',

Western Place,

Marine Parade,

Worthing'.

Dear Elsie,

Do we like it? Yes!

It's A1.

The weather is fine,

the sea is smooth,

Auntie is saucy.

I hope Dad, Mum,

Olive and Edie had

a good trip home,

and yourself.

Eva is quite well.

We have met some

friends here from

South Norwood..

16.7.07.

Uncle P."

The Scarlet Runners

Note the sign at the pier entrance for 'The Scarlet Runners'. This term is generally used to describe a popular type of runner bean, but in this instance it refers to a seven-strong troupe of pierrots.

William Slack

So what else happened on the day that Uncle P. posted the card?

Well, the 16th. July 1907 was not a good day for William Slack. He had murdered a girl called Lucy Wilson, and having been found out, was hanged in Derby. In fact he was the last person ever to be hanged at Derby Gaol.

The Derby Friar Gate Gaol

The Friar Gate Gaol was the site of many hangings, and a small museum today displays contemporary accounts of the executions, a replica of the gallows which stood in front of the building, and a display of crime and punishment in Derbyshire.

The museum has an exhibition relating to the Pentrich Martyrs of 1817, who, following their failed revolution, were hanged and beheaded on charges of treason in front of the building.

Compassion and forgiveness were low on the list when it came to punishment in those days - early Gaol records show that Ann Williamson was hung in 1755 for picking pockets, and Joseph Allen was hung in 1790 for breaking into a shop.

Jewish memorials left at the Execution Wall in Auschwitz Death Camp Poland

Key: R20080702-133625-levels

This wall was used for executing prisoners via the firing squad. From what I gathered this form of death was usually used for prisoners such as political prisoners, etc.--the others being gassed, hung up on poles to die, or worse.

Execution Rocks Lighthouse is located in Long Island Sound. Legend has it that the British used to chain prisoners to the rocks at low tide and wait for them to drown as the tide came in. The lighthouse was built in the 1840's and recently handed over to a non-profit for restoration. It was largely abandoned from the 1970's until 2009 when it was handed over to a non-profit.

Where danish members of the resistance where executed by the german soldiers and gestapo during WW2 and the occupation of Denmark april 9 th 1940 - may 5th 1945.

Galgen Hospental ( forca gibet gallows Richtstätte Richtplatz lieu d'exécution luogo di esecuzione place of execution ) im St. Annawald zwischen Hospental und Andermatt im Urserental - Urseren im Kanton Uri der Schweiz

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Wanderug zum T.omas.ee am Dienstag den 03. September 2013

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Mit dem Z.ug von B.ern - B.rig - A.nderm.att auf den O.bera.lpp.ass

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Wanderung O.bera.lpp.ass - L.ai da T.uma ( U.R - 2`343m ) - B.adush.ütte ( G.R - 2`505m ) - P.azolas.tock ( G.R - U.R - 2`740m - P.iz N.urschalas ) - O.bera.lpp.ass

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Mit dem F.ahrr.ad O.bera.lpp.ass - A.nderm.att - S.t. A.nna ( U.R - 1`450m ) - S.t. A.nnaw.ald ( U.R - 1`400m ) - H.ospent.al - A.nderm.att - S.chöllenen

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Zu F.uss R.undw.eg S.chöllenen

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Mit dem F.ahrr.ad von S.chöllenen hinunter nach G.öschenen

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Mit dem Z.ug von G.öschenen über L.uzern zurück nach B.ern

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RIP

Christopher Newton

11:55 AM, May 24th, 2007

Cathy holds a picture of her cousin outside the prison gates, minutes after his execution.

View the complete Photo Essay here, in order.

Oliver Cromwell (born April 25, 1599 Old Style, died September 3, 1658 Old Style) was an English military and political leader best known for his involvement in making England into a republican Commonwealth and for his later role as Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland. He was one of the commanders of the New Model Army which defeated the royalists in the English Civil War. After the execution of King Charles I in 1649, Cromwell dominated the short-lived Commonwealth of England, conquered Ireland and Scotland, and ruled as Lord Protector from 1653 until his death in 1658.

Cromwell was born into the ranks of the middle gentry, and remained relatively obscure for the first 40 years of his life. At times his lifestyle resembled that of a yeoman farmer until his finances were boosted thanks to an inheritance from his uncle. After undergoing a religious conversion during the same decade, he made an Independent style of Puritanism a core tenet of his life. Cromwell was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Cambridge in the Short (1640) and Long (1640-49) Parliaments, and later entered the English Civil War on the side of the "Roundheads" or Parliamentarians.

An effective soldier (nicknamed "Old Ironsides"), he rose from leading a single cavalry troop to command of the entire army. Cromwell was the third person to sign Charles I's death warrant in 1649 and was an MP in the Rump Parliament (1649-1653), being chosen by the Rump to take command of the English campaign in Ireland during 1649-50. He then led a campaign against the Scottish army between 1650-51. On April 20, 1653 he dismissed the Rump Parliament by force, setting up a short-lived nominated assembly known as the Barebones Parliament before being made Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland on 16 December 1653 until his death. He was buried in Westminster Abbey, but when the Royalists returned to power in 1660, his corpse was dug up, hung in chains, and beheaded.

Cromwell has been a very controversial figure in the history of the British Isles – a regicidal dictator to some historians (such as David Hume and Christopher Hill) and a hero of liberty to others (such as Thomas Carlyle and Samuel Rawson Gardiner). In Britain he was elected as one of the Top 10 Britons of all time in a 2002 BBC poll.[1] His measures against Irish Catholics have been characterized by some historians as genocidal or near-genocidal,[2] and in Ireland itself he is widely hated.

During the National Socialist dictatorship from 1938 to 1945 was in this building the place of execution, in which women and men from Austria as well as from many other European countries were beheaded for their political beliefs, national origin or because of their faith. Honor to all of the Victims! The city of Graz in 1988. Austrian League for Human Rights

Während der Nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft von 1938 bis 1945 befand sich in diesem Gebäude jene Hinrichtungsstätte, in der Frauen und Männer aus Österreich wie aus vielen anderen Europäischen Ländern wegen ihrer politischen Überzeugung, nationalen Herkunft oder wegen ihres Glaubens enthauptet wurden. Ehre Allen Opfern! Die Stadt Graz 1988. Österreichische Liga für Menschenrechte

(further information you can see by clicking on the link at the end of page!)

History and judicial organization

The Revolution of 1848 marked also the Austria jurisdiction of that time in a substantial manner with manifestations that act to the present day. The with this associated judicial organization brought then - here particularly interesting - most of all four court levels or court types: District Courts, Higher Civil Courts (Landesgerichte), Higher Regional Courts (Oberlandesgerichte) and a Supreme Court. To those four kinds of courts, the procedures of first instance - differentiated by sum in dispute or seriousness of the offense - and the review of judicial decisions on appeal were distributed in a manageable manner. That in the course of this the (only) Supreme Court already at the time of the monarchy could be found in Vienna is understandable, that it remained there from 1918 until today (apart from the period of National Socialism) is known.

The next level below the Supreme Court was and is formed by the High Regional Courts. In 1855 there were in the whole Empire nineteen, today there are four in Austria, namely in Vienna, Linz, Innsbruck and Graz. They act primarily as appellate courts. Next come the so-called courts of first instance. This generic term was necessary because there were, besides the regional courts also district courts - partly later - special courts for commercial, youth, labor and social welfare cases or should be. Of all these existed at the time of the monarchy, of course, already a significant number, in the area of ​​present-day Austria were originally seventeen, today there are twenty after the Juvenile Court in Vienna had been dissolved in 2003 (Federal Law Gazette 30/2003). The district of the Higher Regional Court of Graz accounts for the Regional Court for Civil Matters and the National Criminal Court in Graz, the Klagenfurt Regional Court and the Regional Court of Leoben. The lowest level eventually was formed by the district courts. "Lowest" in this context is of course no rating but merely an expression of the position in the structure of jurisdiction. In Styria there were initially 45 district courts, including the district of the Provincial Court of Leoben 22 (Reich Law Gazette 339/1849). Those were merged over time. District courts are now still in Schladming, Liezen, Murau, Judenburg, Mürzzuschlag, Bruck/Mur and Leoben. Aside from court consolidations, modifications of the district sizes, responsibility shifts caused by changes in the value limits and also renamings there were naturally in the past 160 years repeatedly also suggestions or ideas for actual substantive changes of this Court System. For example, there was talk of dissolving the Courts of First Instance and to distribute their agendas to the district courts. Or these courts should be strengthened and therefore waived of the Higher Regional Court. Nothing of it gained majority, the from the mid-19th Century stemming basic system remained established and is valid until today .

THE REGIONAL COURT LEOBEN

After creating the legal basis for the new judicial organization, it was now about to implement them. It arose the familiar question of "where" and "with whom". The decision for Leoben was already on 25th July in 1849 published (Reich Law Gazette 339/1849) and also the top management for Upper Styria was very soon decided. As of 28/12/1849 the previous "Council of the Styrian state law" Dr. Heinrich Perissutti was appointed President of the Provincial Court of Leoben. He took on 18 February 1850 in Graz his oath of office and actually was taking up activities on 4 April 1850. He moved - then granted - to Leoben, there is evidence that he had lived at Unteren Platz, house number 121 (today Timmerdorfer lane 2). The accommodation question for the court in Leoben also could be settled successfully in a short time. This should move into the former Dominican monastery (now Land Registry 60327, Leoben register number 103), a building that was owned by the city of Leoben and the judiciary has been left to everlasting time for its own purposes (Treaty of 11 August 1853). This had to be adapted but only for the new task and it did take some time but, that is to say early summer 1856.

The aforementioned modifications of the judicial organization were in the first years in Leoben area relatively noticeable. Firstly, the High Regional Courts of Graz and Klagenfurt were merged with headquarters in Graz (1852 enacted and 1854 implemented) and on the other hand it came to a "downgrating" as to the label of the Provincial Court Leoben to a "district court" (19 January 1853).

The First World War, the downfall of the monarchy, the First Republic and the Corporate State brought in Upper Styria as to judicial organization only one significant, lasting change. The district courts Aflenz, Mautern and Obdach were merged with neighboring courts (Federal Law Gazette 187/1923, 276/1923). With the seizure of power by the Nazis in 1938 but went down the country's independent judiciary. Justice solely "In the name of the German people" should be distributed and probably to some extend it had a different status than before. Pure terminologically, the county court became a Higher District Court, the district courts have mutated into local courts (Journal of Laws for the country Austria 350/1938). What changed further was the area of ​​the district. The Ausseerland was separated from Styria and the Gau (administrative district) of "Upper Danube" and thus to the district of the Higher District Court in Wels assigned.

After the end of the Second World War it came to the restoration of the on 13 March 1938 existing judicial organization, Bad Aussee, therefore, returned to the district of the Court of Leoben (State Gazette 47/1945). There were other changes. The most significant over time was probably that the1946 set up labor courts, which had replaced the earlier commercial courts, together with the arbitration courts of the Social Insurance and the mediation courts on 1 January 1987 merged in the ordinary jurisdiction (Federal Law Gazette 104/1985).

As already indicated, the terminology of the Leoben Court of Justice was subject to alterations. Beginning of 1849 had been created among other things the "Higher District Court" Leoben. With Order of 19 January 1853 (Reich Law Gazette 10/1853) to "District Court" downgraded, the Nazis transformed the term from 13 August 1938 (Journal of Laws for the country of Austria 350/1938 ) into "Higher District Court". The Court Organization Act of 3 July 1945 (State Gazette 47/1945) re-established the "District Court", until on the first of March 1993 the time came that the most original denomination "Higher District Court" was again brought back to life (Federal Law Gazette 91/1993). Without that during the whole period of the responsibilities and tasks anything really notheworthy would have changed, the Court in Leoben got three different names in five time periods.

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