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MIPIM 2017 - CONFERENCES - NEW GAME NEW RULES NEW ASSET CLASSES : WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES FOR BRICK AND MORTAR ?
Police, ambulance and the fire service have launched their annual clampdown on drink driving ahead of the festive season.
As the Christmas party period looms, emergency services are reminding motorists of the devastating consequences of driving under the influence of drugs and alcohol.
Greater Manchester Police will be running a month-long operation throughout December which will see officers breathalysing drivers around the clock, including the morning after.
Motorists caught over the limit will be processed like any other criminal and face at least a year’s driving ban, criminal record and up to £5,000 fine.
More than 300 people were arrested during last year’s Christmas operation and figures for the first half of this year show there have been 70 collisions involving alcohol.
At the launch event at the Trafford Centre Elaine, a mother who lost her child in a drink drive collision, told her story to help highlight the devastating consequences of driving under the influence.
Inspector Matt Bailey-Smith from GMP’s Serious Collision Investigation Unit and coordinator of this year’s anti-drink drive campaign said: “When we talk about drink drivers, we’re not talking about people that are drunk to the point of being unable to stand or speak.
“Obviously this does happen, but it’s really important that people understand that you don’t have to be drunk to be a drink driver. Just a couple of drinks presents a risk and can affect your ability to drive.
“If you’re going out the simplest thing to do is to leave your car at home or, if you must drive, have none for the road and take the guess work out of it.”
Steve Hynes, Head of Service for North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, said: “During the winter period, we see a considerable rise in the number of 999 calls received about road traffic collisions. Even one alcoholic drink can severely impact on a driver’s reaction time and ability to control their vehicle.
“Combined with the adverse weather we have seen in recent years, drinking and driving over the festive period can lead to serious, life-threatening cases and, in some circumstances, death.
“We see first-hand the devastation drink driving can cause. If you’re planning on having a drink, make alternative arrangements to get home safely. Don’t be tempted to drive even a short distance: you can quickly lose control of your vehicle. Stay safe and think before you drink.”
Director of Prevention and Protection, Assistant County Fire Officer Peter O’Reilly, said: “We know people enjoy celebrating during the festive period, but drinking and driving is something that can result in devastating consequences.
“Our firefighters attend more and more serious road traffic collisions and cut people out of vehicles every day.
“You can’t calculate your alcohol limit, so don’t try. Please don’t drink and drive.”
Deputy Police and Crime Commissioner Jim Battle said: “This isn’t about spoiling your festive fun, it’s about making our roads safer. Drinking and driving is a dangerous, sometimes fatal combination, and we each have to behave responsibly to make sure we can all enjoy Christmas and New Year.
“We should all listen and take note of what the police and ambulance service tell us. Even just having one drink can affect how you drive so the message is clear and simple - please don’t drink and drive.”
Karen Delaney, Drivesafe, "Our priority is to ensure people are safe as possible when travelling over the festive season. One of the most important things for drivers to be aware of is that drinking at night and driving the next day, could still be enough to put you over the limit – many drivers convicted for drink driving are caught the morning after.
"If you are planning on having a drink simply plan ahead, arrange alternative means of transport both that night and the following day".
Police will be using social media throughout the festive period to give users an insight into their Christmas operation. Follow @gmpolice and @gmptraffic and use the hashtag #nonefortheroad
Law-abiding citizens can help keep drink drivers off our roads by reporting to police directly on 101 or anonymously through Crimestoppers on 0800 555 111.
In an emergency where a drink driver poses a direct threat to life, please dial 999.
A series of three multilayer plywood artworks, 120x72cm. All the details were laser cut, spray painted and assembled by hand. Available at Lollipop Gallery, London.
MIPIM 2017 - CONFERENCES - NEW GAME NEW RULES NEW ASSET CLASSES : WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES FOR BRICK AND MORTAR ?
A slip of the film rollers caused a serendipitous double-exposure.
Shot with vintage compact Olympus TRIP 35 & Zuiko 40mm f/2.8 lens with UV filter on Kodak ProImage-100 35mm film.
How it was meant to come out:
When Sam Taylor (Rodney Scott) meets Lisa Wayne (Joan Severance), he experiences every 18-year old guy’s ultimate fantasy: no-strings-attached sex with a beautiful, uninhibited older woman. However, as the summer between high school and college wears on, Sam learns that when it comes to sex there are always strings attached. Sam unwittingly becomes a pawn in Lisa’s twisted emotional game with her uptight police officer husband (Corbin Bernsen). She uses her affair with Sam to taunt her husband, manipulating him into a final confrontation.
This is a modest hommage to the courageous people of Fukushima prefecture. They survived a triple disaster in 2011 and are now, nine years later, still fighting with the consequences. I wish them well in their strugle for their beautiful province and thank them for their kindness during this trip.
Fukushima is the third largest prefecture in Japan (14,000 km²), and one of its least densely populated. The prefecture is divided into three main regions: Aizu in the west, Naka dori in the centre and Hama dori in the east. Aizu is mountainous with snowy winters, while the climate in Hama dori is moderated by the Pacific Ocean.
The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster (福島第一原子力発電所事故 Fukushima Dai-ichi (About this soundpronunciation) genshiryoku hatsudensho jiko) was a nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in Ōkuma, Fukushima Prefecture. The disaster was the most severe nuclear accident since the 26 April 1986 Chernobyl disaster and the only other disaster to be given the Level 7 event classification of the International Nuclear Event Scale.
The accident was started by the Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami on 11 March 2011.] On detecting the earthquake, the active reactors automatically shut down their fission reactions. Because of the reactor trips and other grid problems, the electricity supply failed, and the reactors' emergency diesel generators automatically started. Critically, they were powering the pumps that circulated coolant through the reactors' cores to remove decay heat, which continues after fission has ceased. The earthquake generated a 14-meter-high tsunami that swept over the plant's seawall and flooded the plant's lower grounds around the Units 1–4 reactor buildings with sea water, filling the basements and knocking out the emergency generators. The resultant loss-of-coolant accidents led to three nuclear meltdowns, three hydrogen explosions, and the release of radioactive contamination in Units 1, 2 and 3 between 12 and 15 March. The spent fuel pool of previously shut-down Reactor 4 increased in temperature on 15 March due to decay heat from newly added spent fuel rods, but did not boil down sufficiently to expose the fuel.
In the days after the accident, radiation released to the atmosphere forced the government to declare an ever larger evacuation zone around the plant, culminating in an evacuation zone with a 20-kilometer radius. All told, some 154,000 residents evacuated from the communities surrounding the plant due to the rising off-site levels of ambient ionizing radiation caused by airborne radioactive contamination from the damaged reactors.
Large amounts of water contaminated with radioactive isotopes were released into the Pacific Ocean during and after the disaster. Michio Aoyama, a professor of radioisotope geoscience at the Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, has estimated that 18,000 terabecquerel (TBq) of radioactive caesium 137 were released into the Pacific during the accident, and in 2013, 30 gigabecquerel (GBq) of caesium 137 were still flowing into the ocean every day. The plant's operator has since built new walls along the coast and also created a 1.5-kilometer-long "ice wall" of frozen earth to stop the flow of contaminated water.
While there has been ongoing controversy over the health effects of the disaster, a 2014 report by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) and World Health Organization projected no increase in miscarriages, stillbirths or physical and mental disorders in babies born after the accident. An ongoing intensive cleanup program to both decontaminate affected areas and decommission the plant will take 30 to 40 years, plant management estimate.
On 5 July 2012, the National Diet of Japan Fukushima Nuclear Accident Independent Investigation Commission (NAIIC) found that the causes of the accident had been foreseeable, and that the plant operator, Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO), had failed to meet basic safety requirements such as risk assessment, preparing for containing collateral damage, and developing evacuation plans. At a meeting in Vienna three months after the disaster, the International Atomic Energy Agency faulted lax oversight by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, saying the ministry faced an inherent conflict of interest as the government agency in charge of both regulating and promoting the nuclear power industry. On 12 October 2012, TEPCO admitted for the first time that it had failed to take necessary measures for fear of inviting lawsuits or protests against its nuclear plants.
A cracked mirror can lead to unintended consequences. Do we need a corollary to the butterfly flapping version of the chaos theory?
Quote from James Stirling's article describing Ronchamp in AR March 1956.
"If the application of technology is of little consequence, nevertheless the appearance of industrial products still has some importance for Le Corbusier, as shown by the handrails. These hand rails, which appear to be be cut-offs from an extruded section of rolled steel joist, are in fact specially cast and the top flange is set at an acute angle to the web."
Interesting consequences of camera malfunction.
Volume by United Visual Artists and one point six at the Victoria & Albert Museum in London.
This is a modest hommage to the courageous people of Fukushima prefecture. They survived a triple disaster in 2011 and are now, nine years later, still fighting with the consequences. I wish them well in their strugle for their beautiful province and thank them for their kindness during this trip.
Fukushima is the third largest prefecture in Japan (14,000 km²), and one of its least densely populated. The prefecture is divided into three main regions: Aizu in the west, Naka dori in the centre and Hama dori in the east. Aizu is mountainous with snowy winters, while the climate in Hama dori is moderated by the Pacific Ocean.
The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster (福島第一原子力発電所事故 Fukushima Dai-ichi (About this soundpronunciation) genshiryoku hatsudensho jiko) was a nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in Ōkuma, Fukushima Prefecture. The disaster was the most severe nuclear accident since the 26 April 1986 Chernobyl disaster and the only other disaster to be given the Level 7 event classification of the International Nuclear Event Scale.
The accident was started by the Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami on 11 March 2011.] On detecting the earthquake, the active reactors automatically shut down their fission reactions. Because of the reactor trips and other grid problems, the electricity supply failed, and the reactors' emergency diesel generators automatically started. Critically, they were powering the pumps that circulated coolant through the reactors' cores to remove decay heat, which continues after fission has ceased. The earthquake generated a 14-meter-high tsunami that swept over the plant's seawall and flooded the plant's lower grounds around the Units 1–4 reactor buildings with sea water, filling the basements and knocking out the emergency generators. The resultant loss-of-coolant accidents led to three nuclear meltdowns, three hydrogen explosions, and the release of radioactive contamination in Units 1, 2 and 3 between 12 and 15 March. The spent fuel pool of previously shut-down Reactor 4 increased in temperature on 15 March due to decay heat from newly added spent fuel rods, but did not boil down sufficiently to expose the fuel.
In the days after the accident, radiation released to the atmosphere forced the government to declare an ever larger evacuation zone around the plant, culminating in an evacuation zone with a 20-kilometer radius. All told, some 154,000 residents evacuated from the communities surrounding the plant due to the rising off-site levels of ambient ionizing radiation caused by airborne radioactive contamination from the damaged reactors.
Large amounts of water contaminated with radioactive isotopes were released into the Pacific Ocean during and after the disaster. Michio Aoyama, a professor of radioisotope geoscience at the Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, has estimated that 18,000 terabecquerel (TBq) of radioactive caesium 137 were released into the Pacific during the accident, and in 2013, 30 gigabecquerel (GBq) of caesium 137 were still flowing into the ocean every day. The plant's operator has since built new walls along the coast and also created a 1.5-kilometer-long "ice wall" of frozen earth to stop the flow of contaminated water.
While there has been ongoing controversy over the health effects of the disaster, a 2014 report by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) and World Health Organization projected no increase in miscarriages, stillbirths or physical and mental disorders in babies born after the accident. An ongoing intensive cleanup program to both decontaminate affected areas and decommission the plant will take 30 to 40 years, plant management estimate.
On 5 July 2012, the National Diet of Japan Fukushima Nuclear Accident Independent Investigation Commission (NAIIC) found that the causes of the accident had been foreseeable, and that the plant operator, Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO), had failed to meet basic safety requirements such as risk assessment, preparing for containing collateral damage, and developing evacuation plans. At a meeting in Vienna three months after the disaster, the International Atomic Energy Agency faulted lax oversight by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, saying the ministry faced an inherent conflict of interest as the government agency in charge of both regulating and promoting the nuclear power industry. On 12 October 2012, TEPCO admitted for the first time that it had failed to take necessary measures for fear of inviting lawsuits or protests against its nuclear plants.
mit offenen, slowakischen Güterwagen kurz vor der deutsch/niederländischen Grenze in Richtung Oldenzaal (Gildehaus, 31.03.2021).
“A strong feeling deriving from one’s circumstances, mood, or relationships with others.”[1]
Emotions is a series of images, that explores how I visualise, the relationship of human emotions that I feel strongly about. Inspired by the emotional theories of Plutchik, Aristotle and Darwin, each image has a paired negative to positive emotion.
Emotion as a term is difficult to define – despite everyone knowing what an emotion is, if asked most observers will struggle to provide a definition. Imagery however serves up emotions as an observable human condition and a perceptible entity, a message, an epitaph to the viewer. Emotions are a powerful aid that allows us to change the way we think. The two sides of emotions are not simply negative and positive, they can have conflicting consequences. Positive emotions can lead to a contrasting negative consequence, whilst negative emotions can lead to positive consequences.
My images are an investigation into the representation of emotions as depictions, ideas realised through miniature figures. These document and question how we perceive our emotions and the tensions that circumscribe the realisation of our daily lives, the physical and mental strings that pull us, like puppets, driving us as individuals, and shaping our personal existence.
The use of miniature 00 and TT gauge figures references to both Masahiro Mori’s 1970 theory Uncanny Valley and Sigmund Freud’s seminal 1919 essay The Uncanny which hypothesizes that the “uncanny effect is produced by effacing the distinction between imagination and reality.”[2]
Source:
[1]Oxford English Dictionary. Definition of Emotion. Available from: en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/emotion [Accessed 1/12/18]
[2]Freud, S. (1919). Uncanny. Available from: courses.washington.edu/freudlit/Uncanny.Notes.h
Truth or Consequences, New Mexico Fiesta 2013 parade .Theme how the west was fun .For more info visit thier website at www.torcfiesta.com/
Truth or Consequences volunteer Fire dept Rescue-1 - 2006? Ford F-550 E-One Brush Truck
Introduction to the Carnation Revolution
The Carnation Revolution, which took place on April 25, 1974, was a historic milestone for Portugal and had far-reaching consequences that shaped the country in the following decades.
Also known as April 25, this revolution was a military movement that put an end to a long period of dictatorship in Portugal.
Historical context until April 25, 1974
To fully understand the importance and impact of the Carnation Revolution, it is essential to examine the historical context in which it occurred.
Portugal was under the dictatorial regime of António de Oliveira Salazar since 1933.
Salazar established an authoritarian Estado Novo, characterized by censorship, political repression and lack of civil liberties.
During its government, Portugal was also involved in colonial conflicts in African colonies.
This political oppression and war in the African colonies led to growing discontent among the Portuguese people.
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The events of April 25, 1974
On April 25, 1974, a group of Portuguese soldiers led by the Armed Forces Movement (MFA) carried out a military coup to overthrow Salazar's dictatorial regime.
The coup was planned in secret and executed quickly and efficiently.
The military occupied strategic points in Lisbon and other important cities, deposing the existing government.
The Portuguese population, tired of the dictatorship, took to the streets in support of the military, offering them red carnations as a symbol of peace and freedom.
This image of civilians and military united with red carnations in their weapons became an icon of the Carnation Revolution.
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The main figures and their roles in the revolution
The Carnation Revolution saw the participation of several important figures who played crucial roles in the unfolding of events.
Standing out are General António de Spínola, who became the first president of Portugal after the revolution, and Captain Salgueiro Maia, one of the military leaders of the MFA.
Spínola played a fundamental role in the transition to democracy, while Maia was an emblematic figure during the events of April 25, leading the troops that occupied strategic points in Lisbon.
In addition to these figures, many other courageous soldiers and civilians also contributed to the success of the revolution.
The immediate consequences and the transition to democracy
After the Carnation Revolution, Portugal went through a period of political transition that led to the establishment of a democratic regime.
The provisional government was formed to administer the country until democratic elections could be held.
This transition period was marked by intense political debates, a new constitution and the release of political prisoners.
Democracy was eventually established in Portugal, with free elections and fundamental rights guaranteed.
The transition to democracy was an important milestone in the history of Portugal and one of the main legacies of the Carnation Revolution.
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The lasting consequences of the Carnation Revolution
The Carnation Revolution had lasting consequences in Portugal, which lasted for decades.
Politically, the revolution paved the way for democracy and the end of the dictatorial regime.
Socially, it brought greater freedom of expression, equal rights and a renewed sense of national identity.
Culturally, the revolution stimulated an artistic and cultural flourishing, with creative expressions that reflected the new era of freedom and openness.
Furthermore, African colonies were granted independence, resulting in decolonization and the end of the war.
The Carnation Revolution also had an international impact, inspiring democratic movements in other countries and receiving diverse reactions from the international community.
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Annual celebrations and celebrations on April 25
Annually, on April 25, Portugal celebrates the Carnation Revolution as a national holiday.
On this day, several ceremonies and events are held to honor the heroes of the revolution and remember the historical significance of that moment.
Celebrations include parades, political speeches, concerts and exhibitions that highlight the importance of freedom and democracy.
The Portuguese people come together to celebrate the achievement of freedom and to reaffirm their commitment to the democratic values that the Carnation Revolution represented.
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Conclusion: The Lasting Legacy of the Carnation Revolution
The Carnation Revolution, which took place on April 25, 1974, was a historic milestone for Portugal.
It put an end to decades of dictatorship and paved the way for democracy, freedom and equal rights.
The consequences of this revolution extended throughout this half century, shaping Portugal's politics, society and culture.
The Carnation Revolution also had an international impact, inspiring democratic movements in other countries.
The annual April 25th celebrations reaffirm Portugal's commitment to democratic values and remember the historical significance of this achievement.
The Carnation Revolution is a lasting legacy that should be cherished and preserved for future generations.
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Text & Painting: ©MárioSilva
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Truth or Consequences ( T or C ) 2003 Chevrolet Venture minivan T or C the county seat of Sierra County NM
Michael Herbold
36 x 36
Oil On Linen
Copyright Michael Herbold 2004
Represented by Nina Freudenheim Gallery
Contact Michael:
painterboy14213@yahoo.com
Collection Of Randy Roberts
Photos from Rainforest Action Network's recent report which exposes the devastating effects of palm oil plantations on Sumatra's Tripa forest and all its inhabitants. Learn more: ran.org/tripa-expose
A bulldozer amongst newly planted oil palm on the edges of the Tripa forest in 2009.
Berlin boasts two zoological gardens, a consequence of decades of political and administrative division of the city. The older one, called Zoo Berlin, founded in 1844, is situated in what is now called the "City West". It is the most species-rich zoo worldwide. The other one, called Tierpark Berlin ("Animal Park"), was established on the long abandoned premises of Friedrichsfelde Manor Park in the eastern borough of Lichtenberg, in 1954. Covering 160 ha, it is the largest landcape zoo in Europe.
Rund 15 Prozent der Erdoberfläche werden von Savannen bedeckt. Damit gehören sie zu den größten und wichtigsten Lebensräumen des Planeten. Seit dem 26. Mai 2023 wird Besucher*innen im Tierpark Berlin ein Einblick in diese faszinierende Landschaft gewährt und sie können mehr über die unterschiedlichen Bewohner der ostafrikanischen Savanne und ihren natürlichen Lebensraum erfahren.
Ein wahrer Höhepunkt der neuen Tierpark-Savanne ist der 120 Meter lange Giraffenpfad: Hier werden die Gäste den bis zu fünf Meter hohen Grazien der Savanne zukünftig auf Augenhöhe begegnen können – wer sich traut, bahnt sich den Weg durch den Wald bis zu den Aussichtsplattformen über eine abenteuerliche Hängebrücke. Der Tierpark Berlin erreicht mit der Eröffnung der Afrikanischen Savannenlandschaft ein neues Etappenziel auf seinem Weg zu einem Zoo der Zukunft. Seit knapp neun Jahren wird der 1955 gegründete und 160 Hektar große Tierpark Berlin zu einem naturnahen Geozoo umgebaut. Um einen Einblick in den Lebensraum der einzelnen Tierarten und deren Interaktionen, Besonderheiten und Problematiken zu ermöglichen, werden die Tiere im Tierpark größtenteils nach geografischen Gesichtspunkten zu sehen sein.
de/de/aktuelles/alle-news/artikel/wil...
Around 15 per cent of the earth's surface is covered by savannahs. This makes them one of the largest and most important habitats on the planet. Since 26 May 2023, visitors to Tierpark Berlin have been given an insight into this fascinating landscape and can learn more about the different inhabitants of the East African savannah and their natural habitat.
A true highlight of the new zoo savannah is the 120-metre-long giraffe trail: here, guests will be able to meet the up to five-metre-high graces of the savannah at eye level in future - those who dare will make their way through the forest to the viewing platforms via an adventurous suspension bridge. With the opening of the African Savannah Landscape, Tierpark Berlin has reached a new milestone on its way to becoming a zoo of the future. For almost nine years, the 160-hectare Tierpark Berlin, which was founded in 1955, has been transformed into a near-natural geozoo. In order to provide an insight into the habitat of the individual animal species and their interactions, peculiarities and problems, the animals in the zoo will largely be seen according to geographical aspects.
Haromaya woreda community members receiving certificates for attending the consequences of harmful traditional practices training.
Scan photos from Herald of Truth or Consequences . This was Stage crash for Movie " Truck stop women " Some scene was film and around Truth or Consequences ( T or C ) the county seat of Sierra County .
(further pictures and information are available by clicking on the link at the end of page!)
History of the Vienna Hofburg
First residence
With the elevation of Austria to Archduchy in 1156, Vienna became a city of residence. From the residence of the Babenberg dynasty, who was located on the present site "Am Hof", unfortunately, there do not exist any remains anymore. After the extinction of the Babenberg, Ottokar II of Bohemia (1230-1278) took over by marriage the rule in Vienna and began in 1275 with the construction of a castle within the city walls of Vienna. This castle was equipped with four towers around a rectangular court that is known as Schweizerhof today. In the battle for the German crown Ottokar was defeated at the Battle of Dürnkrut by Rudolf I of Habsburg (1218-1291) and killed during the retreat.
As the old residence of the Babenberg in 1276 burned down, Rudolf probably 1279 moved into the former castle of Ottokar. The descendants of Rudolf extended the castle only slightly: castle chapel (documentary mention in 1296), St. Augustine's Church (consecrated in 1349), reconstruction of the chapel (1423-1426). Due to the division of the lands of the Habsburg Vienna lost its importance and also lacked the financial resources to expand the castle.
Imperial residence
Under Frederick III. (1415-1493) the Habsburgs obtained the imperial title and Vienna became an imperial residence. But Friedrich and his successors used the Vienna Residence only rarely and so it happened that the imperial residence temporarily orphaned. Only under Ferdinand I (1503-1564) Vienna again became the capital of the Archduchy. Under Ferdinand set in a large construction activity: The three existing wings of the Swiss court were expanded and increased. The defensive wall in the northwest as fourth tract with the Swiss Gate (built in 1552 probably by Pietro Ferrabosco) was rebuilt. In the southwest, a tract for Ferdinand's children (the so-called "children Stöckl") was added. The newly constituted authorities Exchequer and Chancery were located in adjacent buildings at Castle Square. Were added in the castle an art chamber, a hospital, a passage from the castle to St. Augustine's Church and a new ballroom.
First major extensions of the residence
In the area of "desolate church" built Ferdinand from 1559 a solitary residence for his son. However, the construction was delayed, and Maximilian II (1527-1576) after his father's death in 1564 moved into the ancient castle. His residence he for his Spanish horses had converted into a Hofstallgebäude (Stallburg - stables) and increased from 1565 .
Ferdinand I decided to divide his lands to his three sons, which led to a reduction of Vienna as a residence. Moreover, stayed Maximilian II, who was awarded alongside Austria above and below the Enns also Bohemia and Hungary, readily in Prague and he moved also the residence there. In 1575 he decided to build a new building in front of the Swiss court for the royal household of his eldest son, Rudolf II (1552-1612). The 1577 in the style of the late Renaissance completed and in 1610 expanded building, which was significantly fitted with a turret with "welscher hood" and an astronomical clock, but by the governor of the Emperor (Archduke Ernst of Austria) was inhabited. However, the name "Amalienborg Castle" comes from Amalie of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (wife of Joseph I.), which in 1711 there installed her widow seat.
In the late 16th and early 17th Century only a few extensions were carried out: extension of a separate tract in the northeast of the castle for the Treasure and Art chamber (1583-1585) and setting up of a dance hall in the area of today's Redoutensäle (1629-1631).
Under Leopold I the dance hall by Ludovico Burnacini 1659/1660 was rebuilt into an at that time modern theater ("Comedy House"). 1666 Leopold I in the area of today's castle garden a new opera house with three tiers and a capacity of 5,000 people had built.
In the 1660-ies under Leopold I (1640-1705) after the plans of architect Filiberto Lucchese an elongated wing building between the Amalienborg Castle and the Schweizerhof, the so-called Leopoldine Wing, was built. However, since the tract shortly after the completion burned down, this by Giovanni Pietro Tencala was set up newly and increased. Architecturally, this tract still connects to the late Renaissance. The connection with the Amalienborg castle followed then under Leopold's son Joseph I (1678-1711).
After completion of the Leopoldine Wing the in the southeast of castle located riding school was renewed, the south tower of the old castle pulled down, the old sacristy of the chapel replaced by an extension. Under Charles VI. (1685-1740) the Gateway Building between cabbage market (Kohlmarkt) and Courtyard by Johann Lucas von Hildebrandt was transformed into a monumental triumphal arch as a representative sign of the imperial power. However, this construction does not exist anymore, it had to give way to the Michael tract.
Baroque redesign of the Hofburg
In the early 18th Century set in a buoyant construction activity. The emperor commissioned Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach with the construction of new stables outside the city walls and a new court library.
After the death of Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach, his son Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach took over the construction management for the stables and the court library. 1725 the palatial front of the stables was completed. As already during the construction period has been established that the stables were dimensioned too small, the other wings were not realized anymore. The with frescoes by Daniel Gran and statues of Emperors by Paul Strudel equipped Court Library was completed in 1737.
Opposite the Leopoldine Wing a new Reich Chancellery should be built. 1723 was entrusted with the planning Johann Lucas von Hildebrandt. 1726, however, the supervision the Reich Chancellery was withdrawn and transferred to the Chancery and thus Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach, who also designed the adjacent Court Chamber and the front to St. Michael's Church. 1728 the Court Chamber and the facade of the two buildings were completed. By Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach was also the Michaelertrakt, the connection between the Winter Riding School and the Imperial Chancellery Wing planned. However, since the old Burgtheater the building was in the path, this was half done for a period of 150 years and was only completed in 1889-1893 by Ferdinand Kirschner .
Under Maria Theresia (1717-1780) the at St. Michael's Square located and only as remnants existing Ballhaus was adapted as a court theater. Beside the Emperor hospital in return a new ball house was built, being eponymous for the Ballhausplatz. Subsequently, there occured again and again conversions and adaptations: reconstruction of the comedy hall according to the plans of Jean Nicolas Jadot into two ballrooms, the small and large ball room (1744-1748). The transformation of the two halls (from 1760), repair of the Court Library, and from 1769 onwards the design of the Josephsplatz took place under Joseph Nicolas of Pacassi. These buildings were completed by the successor of Pacassi Franz Anton Hillebrandt. As an extension for the Court Library in the southeast the Augustinian tract was built.
Other structural measures under Maria Theresia: establishment of the court pharmacy into the Stallburg, relocation of the in the Stallburg housed art collection into the Upper Belvedere, razing of the two remaining towers of the old castle, the construction of two stairways (the ambassador stairway and the column stairways (Botschafter- and Säulenstiege).
Extensions in the 19th Century and early 20th century
Francis II (1768-1835) gave Duke Albert of Saxe-Teschen and his wife Marie Christine (daughter of Maria Theresa) the Palais Tarouca south of the Augustinian monastery. From 1800 this was remodeled by Louis Montoyer and extended by a wing building to today's Albertina.
1804, Francis II proclaimed the hereditary Empire of Austria and was, consequently, as Franz I the first Emperor of Austria. With the by Napoleon Bonaparte provoked abdication of the emperor in 1806 ended the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation.
1809 part of the old bastions was blown up at the castle in consequence of the war with Napoleon, and after it blazed. Towards today's ring road, then new outworks were created (the so-called Hornwerkskurtine and the Escarpen). In the early 20-ies of the 19th Century were layed out three gardens: the private imperial castle garden with two of Louis Remy planned steel/glass- constructed greenhouses, Heroes Square (Heldenplatz) with avenues and the People's garden (Volksgarten) with the Theseus Temple (Pietro Nobile). At the same time, emerged also the new, 1821 by Luigi Cagnola began and 1824 by Pietro Nobile completed outer castle gate.
1846 was built a monumental memorial to Francis I in Inner Castle Square. In the turmoil of the 1848 revolution the Stallburg was stormed and fought fiercely at the outer castle square and the castle gate. As a result, the roof of the court library burned. The political consequences of the revolution were the abdication of Emperor Ferdinand I (1793-1875), the dismissal of the dreaded Chancellor Clemens Lothar Fürst Metternich and the enthronement of Ferdinand's nephew Franz Joseph.
In the first years of the reign of Emperor Franz Joseph I (1830-1916) the royal stables of Leopold Mayer have been redesigned and expanded. As part of the expansion of the city, the city walls were razed and instead of the fortifications arose place for a magnificent boulevard, the Ringstrasse. 1862, the idea of an Imperial Forum by architect Ludwig Förster was born. On the surface between the Hofburg and the Imperial Stables should arise court museums (Museum of Art History and Museum of Natural History).
At the outer Castle Square (today's Heldenplatz) were in the 60-ies of the 19th Century the by Anton Dominik Fernkorn created equestrian statues of Archduke Charles (victor over Napoleon at the Battle of Aspern) and Prince Eugene of Savoy (victor over the Turks in several battles) set up.
After an unsuccessful architectural competition on the design of the Heroes' Square area in 1869 Gottfried Semper could be won. This led to the involuntary and not frictionless collaboration with Carl Freiherr von Hasenauer. Planned was a two-wing complex beyond the ring road, with the two flanking twin museums (Art and Natural History Museum) and the old stables as a conclusion. 1871 was began with the Erdaushebungen (excavations) for the museums. 1889, the Museum of Natural History was opened, and in 1891, the Museum of Art History.
On a watercolor from 1873 by Rudolf Ritter von Alt (1812 - 1905) an overall view of the Imperial Forum is shown.
1888, the Old Court Theatre at St. Michael's Square was demolished, as the new KK Court Theatre (today's Burgtheater), built by Gottfried Semper and Carl Freiherr von Hasenauer, was finished. The since 150 years existing construction site at St. Michael's Square could be completed. The roundel got a dome, the concave curved Michaelertrakt was finalized by Ferdinand Kirschner. The once by Lorenzo Mattielli created cycle of statues on the facade of the Reich Chancellery was continued with four other "deeds of Hercules' at he side of the passage arches. 1893, the Hofburg had finally got its ostentatious show facade.
1901, the old greenhouses were demolished and replaced by an orangery with Art Nouveau elements according to plans by Friedrich Ohmann (completed in 1910). In 1907, the Corps de Logis, which forms the end of the Neue Burg, is completed. Since Emperor Franz Joseph I in budding 20th Century no longer was interested in lengthy construction projects and the heir to the throne Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Este (1863-1914) was against the establishment of a throne hall building, but was in favour for the construction of a smaller ballroom tract, the implementation of the second wing was dropped. After the assassination of Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Este in Sarajevo, the First World War broke out. Franz Joseph I died in 1916. A great-nephew of Franz Joseph I, Charles I (1887-1922), succeeded to the throne, however, he held only two years. The end of the First World War also meant the end of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. On 11 November 1918 the First Republic was proclaimed. As Karl although renounced to government business, but not to the throne, he had to go into exile with his family.
The Imperial Palace in the 20th century
The interior design of the ballroom tract and the Neue Burg continued despite the end of the monarchy until 1926. By the end of the monarchy, many of the buildings lost their purpose. Furthermore used or operated was the Riding School. The stables were used from 1921 as an exhibition site of the Vienna Fair ("Fair Palace"). In 1928, the Corps de Logis, the Museum of Ethnology, until then part of the Natural History Museum, opened. In 1935 the collection of weapons (Court, Hunting and Armour Chamber) of the Kunsthistorisches Museum (Museum of Art History) came in the Neue Burg.
1933/1934 the outer castle gate by Rudolf Wondracek was transformed into the hero monument to the victims of the First World War. 1935 emerged on the left and on the right of the castle gate the pylon portals with eagle sculptures by William Frass. In March 1938, the Heroes Square and the balcony of the Neue Burg gained notoriety after Adolf Hitler to the cheering crowd at the Heldenplatz announced the annexation of Austria to the German Reich. The Nazis were planning a redesign of the Heroes' Square to a paved parade and ceremony space. The plans were not realized since 1943 a fire pond at Heldenplatz was dredged and the place was later used for agriculture. In the Trade Fair Palace during the period of Nazism propaganda events were held.
During the war, the Hofburg (Imperial Stables, St. Augustine's Church, Albertina, the official building of the Federal President, the current building of the Federal Chancellery) was severely damaged by bombing: The first President of the Second Republic, Dr. Karl Renner, in 1946 the Office of the President moved into the Leopoldine Wing (in the former living quarters of Maria Theresa and Joseph II).
During the occupation time the seat of the Inter-Allied Commission was housed in the Neue Burg.
1946 first events were held in the Exhibition Palace again, and were built two large halls in the main courtyard of the Exhibition Palace. In the course of the reconstruction war damages were disposed and the Imperial Palace was repaired, the barn castle (Stallburg) erected again. In 1958, in the ballroom wing the convention center has been set up.
1962-1966 the modern Library of the Austrian National Library is housed in the Neue Burg.
1989 emerged for the first time the notion of a "Museum Quarter". The museum quarter should include contemporary art and culture. The oversized design by Laurids and Manfred Ortner but was downsized several times after resistance of a citizens' initiative. It was implemented a decade later.
1992 the two Redoutensäle (ball rooms) burned out completely. Yet shortly after the fire was started with reconstruction. The roof was reconstructed and the little ball room (Kleiner Redoutensaal) could be restored. The big ball room, however, was renovated and designed with paintings by Josef Mikl. In 1997 the two halls were reopened.
From 1997-2002 the Museum Quarter (including Kunsthalle Wien, Leopold Collection) was rebuilt and the old building fabric renovated.
Was began in 1999 with the renovation of the Albertina. The by a study building, two exhibit halls and an underground storage vault extended Museum was reopened in 2003. The Albertina ramp was built with an oversized shed roof by Hans Hollein.
In 2006, additional rooms for the convention center were created by the boiler house yard.
(Source: Trenkler, Thomas: "The Hofburg Wien", Vienna, 2004)
www.burghauptmannschaft.at/php/detail.php?ukatnr=12185&am....
Favorite shot from a series of newspaper photographs that I took at a school assembly on drunk driving.
I also shot two rolls of 6x6 film, (E-6 and BW) but i have not developed those yet.
The car accident was staged, but the was somewhat similar to if I had been photographing breaking news, albeit less hectic and without the emotional haze of witnessing such an event.
The consequences of the explosion, arising April 20, 2010 on the platform of drilling Deepwater Horizon in the Gulf of Mexico, will have done 11 death, injured and induced the collapse of the platform (April 22 2010), followed by a rupture of the well of drilling to three levels and of an uncontrollable oil spill for the time being, who mobilize today about 7,000 persons, of which 2,500 volunteers…
Here useful links to understand and to be informed of evolution of the rescuers to attempt to stop this leak and its heavy consequences:
What is the latest news on the Gulf of Mexico oil spill? - from USA.gov
answers.usa.gov/cgi-bin/gsa_ict.cfg/php/enduser/std_adp.p...
Oil Leak from Damaged Well in Gulf of Mexico - from Earth Observatory of NASA
earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/view.php?id=43768
Salazar Launches Full Review of Offshore Drilling Safety Issues during Visit to Oil Spill Command Centers on Gulf Coast - from U.S. Department of the Interior
www.doi.gov/news/pressreleases/Salazar-Launches-Full-Revi...
About the Minerals Management Service – from U.S. Department of the Interior
www.mms.gov/aboutmms/ocsdef.htm
U.S. Department of the Interior - Our Mission: Protecting America’s Great Outdoors and Powering Our Future
EPA Establishes Web site on BP Oil Spill / EPA
yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/324e040292e1e51f8525735...
Federal Response to BP Spill in the Gulf of Mexico – from EPA
Oil Spills by Emergency Management – from EPA
Additional information on the broader response from the U.S. Coast Guard
www.deepwaterhorizonresponse.com
NOAA’s Damage Assessment, Remediation, and Restoration Program (DARRP)
As a trustee for coastal resources, NOAA protects and restores habitats injured by hazardous waste sites, oil spills and vessel groundings.
Oil and Chemical Spills by National Ocean Service – from NOAA
oceanservice.noaa.gov/topics/oceans/spills/
Oil Spill Preparation and Response – From U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
www.fws.gov/contaminants/Issues/OilSpill.cfm
Préparation et réponse de flaque d'huile - Programme Environnemental de Contaminants par U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
w4.systranlinks.com/trans?lp=en_fr&url=http://www.fws...
Secretary Napolitano and Secretary Salazar Launch Full Investigation of Deepwater Horizon Incident in the Gulf of Mexico
www.dhs.gov/ynews/releases/pr_1272395702575.shtm
Gulf of Mexico - Deepwater Horizon Incident
www.deepwaterhorizonresponse.com/go/site/2931/
= French version
Les conséquences de l’explosion, survenue le 20 avril 2010 sur la plate-forme de forage Deepwater Horizon dans le Golf du Mexique, aura fait 11 victimes, des blessés et entraîné l’effondrement de la plate-forme (le 22 avril 2010), suivi d’une rupture du puits de forage à trois niveaux et d’une marée noire incontrôlable dans l’immédiat, qui mobilisent aujourd’hui environ 7.000 personnes, dont 2.500 bénévoles…
Voici des liens utiles pour comprendre et être informé de l’évolution des sauveteurs pour tenter de stopper cette fuite et ses lourdes conséquences:
What is the latest news on the Gulf of Mexico oil spill? - from USA.gov
answers.usa.gov/cgi-bin/gsa_ict.cfg/php/enduser/std_adp.p...
Oil Leak from Damaged Well in Gulf of Mexico - from Earth Observatory of NASA
earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/view.php?id=43768
Salazar Launches Full Review of Offshore Drilling Safety Issues during Visit to Oil Spill Command Centers on Gulf Coast - from U.S. Department of the Interior
www.doi.gov/news/pressreleases/Salazar-Launches-Full-Revi...
About the Minerals Management Service – from U.S. Department of the Interior
www.mms.gov/aboutmms/ocsdef.htm
U.S. Department of the Interior - Our Mission: Protecting America’s Great Outdoors and Powering Our Future
EPA Establishes Web site on BP Oil Spill / EPA
yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/324e040292e1e51f8525735...
Federal Response to BP Spill in the Gulf of Mexico – from EPA
Oil Spills by Emergency Management – from EPA
Additional information on the broader response from the U.S. Coast Guard
www.deepwaterhorizonresponse.com
NOAA’s Damage Assessment, Remediation, and Restoration Program (DARRP)
As a trustee for coastal resources, NOAA protects and restores habitats injured by hazardous waste sites, oil spills and vessel groundings.
Oil and Chemical Spills by National Ocean Service – from NOAA
oceanservice.noaa.gov/topics/oceans/spills/
Oil Spill Preparation and Response – From U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
www.fws.gov/contaminants/Issues/OilSpill.cfm
Préparation et réponse de flaque d'huile - Programme Environnemental de Contaminants par U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
w4.systranlinks.com/trans?lp=en_fr&url=http://www.fws...
Secretary Napolitano and Secretary Salazar Launch Full Investigation of Deepwater Horizon Incident in the Gulf of Mexico
www.dhs.gov/ynews/releases/pr_1272395702575.shtm
Gulf of Mexico - Deepwater Horizon Incident
Consequence upon the geometrically rising world population and the increasing pressure on food items, it has become increasingly necessary to increase food production from the present level. The possibility of achieving this is not only to increase production but also to protect the crops cultivated. Crop protection can be achieved through several means. One of such is the use of pesticides. This paper therefore reviews the use of neem extracts as bio-pesticides among other plant species with inherent pesticidal activities. It is no doubt that the chemical pesticides or insecticides possess inherent toxic substances that endangers the ecological environment, operators of application equipment, soil microbiota and consumers of the agricultural products. It is therefore important that we encourage the use of biological pesticides as they affect only target pest, are easily biodegradable, increase farm land fertility, environmentally friendly, cost effective and ease of availability. It is also important that because of the low cost of production of bio-pesticides it should be encouraged as an option in African countries especially Nigeria in agricultural practices. The practice of farmers making their own neem-based products for pest control would reduce their dependence on external inputs for agriculture. It would also reduce their cost of pest control to almost zero, leaving only labour as a potential expenditure item. Pests can also be controlled without the use of toxic chemical pesticides, which will reduce the harm posed to humans and the environment alike. There is wide scope for innovation in developing neem as an efficient bio-pesticide. There is enough information to encourage the use of different neem extracts. With the increasing trend of using bio fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides, neem should be increasingly cultivated and grown all over the world to get active ingredient-azadirachtin, responsible for stopping the growth cycle of pests. Neem is also assuming a lot of importance in crop management. Considering the fact that neem is not only a cheaper, naturally occurring product and an effective method to control pests and insects, but also has no side effects on plants or other living beings especially soil micro biota.
Author(s) Details
Dr. Bassey Etta Agbo
Department of Microbiology, University of Calabar, P. M. B. 1115, Calabar, Nigeria.
Dr. (Mrs.) Abo Iso Nta
Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, P. M. B. 1115, Calabar, Nigeria.
Mr. Mathias Okang Ajaba
Department of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Calabar, P. M. B. 1115, Calabar, Nigeria.
Read full article: bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/view/52/409/455-1
View More: www.youtube.com/watch?v=AW0_i49klmU