Cairo ... A Mosque Story
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Spent the day in west Tennessee and crossed the Ohio River into Cairo near sunset. Cairo has fallen on hard times, this downtown building is now almost surrounded by empty lots.
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The Giza pyramid complex in Egypt is home to the Great Pyramid, the pyramid of Khafre, and the pyramid of Menkaure, along with their associated pyramid complexes and the Great Sphinx. All were built during the Fourth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom of ancient Egypt, between c. 2600 – c. 2500 BC. The site also includes several temples, cemeteries, and the remains of a workers' village.
The site is at the edge of the Western Desert, approximately 9 km (5.6 mi) west of the Nile River in the city of Giza, and about 13 km (8.1 mi) southwest of the city centre of Cairo. It forms the northernmost part of the 16,000 ha (160 km2; 62 sq mi) Pyramid Fields of the Memphis and its Necropolis UNESCO World Heritage Site, inscribed in 1979. The pyramid fields include the Abusir, Saqqara, and Dahshur pyramid complexes, which were all built in the vicinity of Egypt's ancient capital of Memphis. Further Old Kingdom pyramid fields were located at the sites Abu Rawash, Zawyet El Aryan, and Meidum. Most of the limestone used to build the pyramids originates from the underlying Mokattam Formation.
The Great Pyramid and the Pyramid of Khafre are the largest pyramids built in ancient Egypt, and they have historically been common as emblems of Ancient Egypt in the Western imagination. They were popularised in Hellenistic times, when the Great Pyramid was listed by Antipater of Sidon as one of the Seven Wonders of the World. It is by far the oldest of the Ancient Wonders and the only one still in existence.
www.gdecooman.fr - Photographe à Lille - portfolio, stages photo, mariages, naissance / bébé, évènements
www.gdecooman.fr - Photographe à Lille - portfolio, stages photo, mariages, naissance / bébé, évènements
The Al-Nasir Muhammad Mosque, or more formally, the Sultan al-Nasir Muhammad ibn Qalawun Mosque, is a mosque located in the Citadel of Cairo, Egypt. Completed in 1318 CE, the mosque was built by the Mamluk sultan Al-Nasr Muhammad as the royal mosque of the Citadel, where the sultans of Cairo performed their Friday prayers. The mosque is located across the street from the courtyard access to the Mosque of Muhammad Ali. The Sultan also built a religious complex in the center of the city, adjacent to the one by his father Qalawun.
Sultan al-Nasir Muhammad was one of the sons of Sultan Qalawun (d. 1290). He was reportedly short, had a lame foot, and a cataract in one eye as well. However, he still managed to rally the support of his people because he was smart and energetic. He also managed to remain on good terms with other countries. The historical chronicler Ibn Batuta says that he was of “noble character and great virtue”.
Though surprisingly popular, al-Nasir did not keep control of his city throughout his life. Much of that has to do with him becoming sultan as a nine-year-old. Because the city was ripe with power mongers, his tutor, Kitbuqa sent him away to grow up and come home when he was better able to deal with the responsibility of ruling a country. Kitbuqa was killed shortly thereafter and was succeeded by a short succession of other rulers. Finally Lagin, an advisor loyal to the sultan took control and informed the young sultan he had nothing to fear and could return to Cairo. Nasir was usurped one additional time during his rule. Only after being reinstated a second time did Nasir begin working on his massive construction projects.
At the time, rulers of Cairo would support the city by sponsoring massive building projects which brought them prestige and created jobs. Al-Nasir’s claim to fame was building up the Citadel area that the Mamluk Empire ruled from. The Citadel resided aside from the more day-to-day people’s market place. Al-Nasir wiped out the library and audience halls of his predecessor and sponsored the building of a grand palace, aqueduct, and mosque for his own personal use in their place.
The Muhammad Ali Mosque, also known as the Mosque of Muhammad Ali, is a mosque located in the Citadel of Cairo, Egypt. It was commissioned by Muhammad Ali Pasha and built between 1832 and 1857. Overlooking the city, it is one of the most visible mosques and landmarks in the skyline of Cairo. Unlike the traditional Cairene architecture that preceded it, the mosque was built in an entirely Ottoman and European-influenced style, further setting it apart from other monuments. It is sometimes called the Alabaster Mosque due to the prominent use of alabaster as a covering for its walls.
This is another of the statues at the former palace that is now the Cairo Marriott Hotel.
The palace was commissioned by the Egyptian ruler, the Khedive Ismail, and was designed by architect Karl von Diebitsch to host French Emperor Napoleon III and his wife, the Empress Eugénie, during the celebration of the inauguration of the Suez Canal in 1869. At the Khedive's request, the architect designed it to resemble the Versailles Palace.
In 1880, the palace was seized by Ismail's creditors and was eventually leased to the Compagnie Internationale des Grands Hotels, which turned it into "The Ghezireh Palace Hotel" in October 1894.
During World War I, the hotel served as a second Australian hospital to cope with the large number of casualties from the Battle of Gallipoli.
In 1919, The Ghezireh Palace Hotel was sold to Syrian businessman Habib Lotfallah, who converted it into a private residence.
The palace was nationalized in 1952 and eventually converted back to a hotel, reopening in 1962 as the Omar Khayyam Hotel.
In the late 1970s, two large towers were added and the entire hotel was completely rebuilt. President Hosni Mubarak presided over the grand reopening in 1982 as the Cairo Marriott Hotel.
I lived across the street from the hotel for many years as a child, and often played with my friends in its extensive gardens. Later, it became a favorite place to take my dates for dinner.
The Qalawun complex, also known as the Funerary complex of Sultan al-Mansur Qalawun, is a historic religious complex located at Bayn al-Qasrayn on al-Mu'izz street, in Islamic Cairo, Egypt. Built by Sultan al-Mansur Qalawun between 1284 and 1285, the complex is like many other pious complexes and includes a hospital (bimaristan), a madrasa, mausoleum, and mosque.
Despite controversy surrounding its construction, the complex is widely regarded as one of the major monuments of Islamic Cairo and of Mamluk architecture, notable for the size and scope of its contributions to legal scholarship, its charitable operations, and for the richness of its architecture.
The Qalawun complex was built over the ruins of the Fatimid Western Palace, with several halls in the palace. Unlike most later Mamluk sultans, Qalawun did not begin construction on his funerary complex right after coming to power but did so many years later, after he consolidated his rule and fought off the Mongols in Syria. The structure is situated in the heart of Cairo, on the prestigious Bayn al-Qasrayn street, and has been a center for important Islamic religious and court ceremonies and rituals for centuries, stretching from the Mamluk dynasty through the Ottoman Empire.
This complex is one of many Mamluk buildings that made Cairo a flourishing metropolis in the 13th through 16th centuries. It is one of many pious complexes (fully-integrated multifunctional complexes often centered around the tomb of religious figures or patrons that included turbas or funerary complexes, khanqahs, and other buildings) that served many purposes including exalting the patron through displays of their wealth, piety, and legitimacy.